1
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Paiva TG, Klem M, Silvestre SL, Coelho J, Alves N, Fortunato E, Cabrita EJ, Corvo MC. Poly(Ionic) Liquid-Enhanced Ion Dynamics in Cellulose-Derived Gel Polymer Electrolytes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2025; 18:e202401710. [PMID: 39505705 PMCID: PMC11912104 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202401710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 11/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/08/2024]
Abstract
Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are regarded as a promising alternative to conventional electrolytes, combining the advantages of solid and liquid electrolytes. Leveraging the abundance and eco-friendliness of cellulose-based materials, GPEs were produced using methyl cellulose and incorporating various doping agents, either an ionic liquid (1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [Pyr14][TFSI]), its polymeric ionic liquid analogue (Poly(diallyldimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) [PDADMA][TFSI]), or an anionically charged backbone polymeric ionic liquid (lithium poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl)(trifluoromethyl(S-trifluoromethylsulfonylimino) sulfonyl) imide] LiP[STFSI]). The ion dynamics and molecular interactions within the GPEs were thoroughly analyzed using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Heteronuclear Overhauser Enhancement Spectroscopy (HOESY), and Pulsed-Field Gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Diffusion (PFG-NMR). Li+ transference numbers (tLi+) were successfully calculated. Our study found that by combining slow-diffusing polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) with fast-diffusing lithium salt, we were able to achieve transference numbers comparable to those of liquid electrolytes, especially with the anionic PIL, LiP[STFSI]. This research highlights the influence of the polymer's nature on lithium-ion transport within GPEs. Additionally, micro supercapacitor (MSC) devices assembled with these GPEs exhibited capacitive behavior. These findings suggest that further optimization of GPE composition could significantly improve their performance, thereby positioning them for application in sustainable and efficient energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago G Paiva
- I3N, Cenimat, Department of Materials Science (DCM), NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Maykel Klem
- I3N, Cenimat, Department of Materials Science (DCM), NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
- School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente SP, 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Sara L Silvestre
- I3N, Cenimat, Department of Materials Science (DCM), NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - João Coelho
- I3N, Cenimat, Department of Materials Science (DCM), NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC, Avda. Americo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Neri Alves
- School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente SP, 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- I3N, Cenimat, Department of Materials Science (DCM), NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Eurico J Cabrita
- UCIBIO, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Marta C Corvo
- I3N, Cenimat, Department of Materials Science (DCM), NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
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2
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Shin HJ, Ro HS, Kawauchi M, Honda Y. Review on mushroom mycelium-based products and their production process: from upstream to downstream. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2025; 12:3. [PMID: 39794674 PMCID: PMC11723872 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
The global trend toward carbon neutrality and sustainability calls for collaborative efforts in both the basic and applied research sectors to utilize mushroom mycelia as environmentally friendly and sustainable materials. Fungi, along with animals and plants, are one of the major eukaryotic life forms. They have long been utilized in traditional biotechnology sectors, such as food fermentation, antibiotic production, and industrial enzyme production. Some fungi have also been consumed as major food crops, such as the fruiting bodies of various mushrooms. Recently, new trends have emerged, shifting from traditional applications towards the innovative use of mushroom mycelium as eco-friendly bioresources. This approach has gained attention in the development of alternative meats, mycofabrication of biocomposites, and production of mycelial leather and fabrics. These applications aim to replace animal husbandry and recycle agricultural waste for use in construction and electrical materials. This paper reviews current research trends on industrial applications of mushroom mycelia, covering strain improvements and molecular breeding as well as mycelial products and the production processes. Key findings, practical considerations, and valorization are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jae Shin
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeon-Su Ro
- Department of Bio and Medical Big Data (BK4 Program) and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Moriyuki Kawauchi
- Laboratory of Environmental Interface Technology of Filamentous Fungi, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Honda
- Laboratory of Forest Biochemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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3
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G S SG, Abraham N, R S H, S R, Xavier TS. Optimization studies on output stabilization time and graphene oxide concentration in graphene-based flexible micro-supercapacitor. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 36:085401. [PMID: 39608019 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad983a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024]
Abstract
Miniature energy storage devices are vital for developing flexible and wearable electronics. This paper discusses the fabrication of flexible laser-induced graphene-based micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) using graphene oxide (GO) coated polyimide film as the precursor for laser scribing. The areal capacitance of the MSCs was assessed daily after applying a H2SO4/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel electrolyte. The capacitance displayed a substantial increase in the early days before stabilizing at a consistent value. The stabilization time was evaluated through systematic experimentation conducted over ten consecutive days. The experiments showed that the capacitance stabilized after six days. Various concentrations of GO were used to assemble the MSCs, and their performance was evaluated to determine the optimal concentration. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the supercapacitor fabricated with the optimum concentration of GO exhibited the lowest resistance. The optimized MSC displayed an areal capacitance of 10.07 mF cm-2at a current density of 13µA cm-2. The device could maintain a reliable output at different bending states and retain 87.9% of its original capacitance after 5000 charge-discharge cycles, highlighting its suitability for flexible and self-powered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Gopan G S
- Department of ECE, College of Engineering Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695016, India
- APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695016, India
| | - Nelsa Abraham
- APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695016, India
- Department of ECE, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Kottayam, Kerala 686501, India
| | - Harikrishnan R S
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695016, India
| | - Rani S
- APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695016, India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695016, India
| | - T S Xavier
- Department of Physics, Govt. College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695014, India
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4
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Dreimol CH, Kürsteiner R, Ritter M, Parrilli A, Edberg J, Garemark J, Stucki S, Yan W, Tinello S, Panzarasa G, Burgert I. Iron-Catalyzed Laser-Induced Graphitization - Multiscale Analysis of the Structural Evolution and Underlying Mechanism. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2405558. [PMID: 39279332 PMCID: PMC11618722 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
The transition to sustainable materials and eco-efficient processes in commercial electronics is a driving force in developing green electronics. Iron-catalyzed laser-induced graphitization (IC-LIG) has been demonstrated as a promising approach for rendering biomaterials electrically conductive. To optimize the IC-LIG process and fully exploit its potential for future green electronics, it is crucial to gain deeper insights into its catalyzation mechanism and structural evolution. However, this is challenging due to the rapid nature of the laser-induced graphitization process. Therefore, multiscale preparation techniques, including ultramicrotomy of the cross-sectional transition zone from precursor to fully graphitized IC-LIG electrode, are employed to virtually freeze the IC-LIG process in time. Complementary characterization is performed to generate a 3D model that integrates nanoscale findings within a mesoscopic framework. This enabled tracing the growth and migration behavior of catalytic iron nanoparticles and their role during the catalytic laser-graphitization process. A three-layered arrangement of the IC-LIG electrode is identified including a highly graphitized top layer with an interplanar spacing of 0.343 nm. The middle layer contained γ-iron nanoparticles encapsulated in graphitic shells. A comparison with catalyst-free laser graphitization approaches highlights the unique opportunities that IC-LIG offers and discuss potential applications in energy storage devices, catalysts, sensors, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H. Dreimol
- Wood Materials ScienceInstitute for Building MaterialsETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
- Cellulose & Wood Materials LaboratoryEmpa – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
| | - Ronny Kürsteiner
- Wood Materials ScienceInstitute for Building MaterialsETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Ritter
- Wood Materials ScienceInstitute for Building MaterialsETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
- Cellulose & Wood Materials LaboratoryEmpa – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
| | | | - Jesper Edberg
- RISE Research Institutes of SwedenDigital SystemsSmart HardwareBio‐ and Organic ElectronicsSödra Grytsgatan 4Norrköping60233Sweden
| | - Jonas Garemark
- Wood Materials ScienceInstitute for Building MaterialsETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
| | - Sandro Stucki
- Wood Materials ScienceInstitute for Building MaterialsETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
- Cellulose & Wood Materials LaboratoryEmpa – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
| | - Wenqing Yan
- Wood Materials ScienceInstitute for Building MaterialsETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
| | - Susanna Tinello
- Laboratory for Multifunctional MaterialsDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
| | - Guido Panzarasa
- Wood Materials ScienceInstitute for Building MaterialsETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
| | - Ingo Burgert
- Wood Materials ScienceInstitute for Building MaterialsETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
- Cellulose & Wood Materials LaboratoryEmpa – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
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5
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Tang Y, Moreira GA, Vanegas D, Datta SPA, McLamore ES. Batch-to-Batch Variation in Laser-Inscribed Graphene (LIG) Electrodes for Electrochemical Sensing. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:874. [PMID: 39064384 PMCID: PMC11279040 DOI: 10.3390/mi15070874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Laser-inscribed graphene (LIG) is an emerging material for micro-electronic applications and is being used to develop supercapacitors, soft actuators, triboelectric generators, and sensors. The fabrication technique is simple, yet the batch-to-batch variation of LIG quality is not well documented in the literature. In this study, we conduct experiments to characterize batch-to-batch variation in the manufacturing of LIG electrodes for applications in electrochemical sensing. Numerous batches of 36 LIG electrodes were synthesized using a CO2 laser system on polyimide film. The LIG material was characterized using goniometry, stereomicroscopy, open circuit potentiometry, and cyclic voltammetry. Hydrophobicity and electrochemical screening (cyclic voltammetry) indicate that LIG electrode batch-to-batch variation is less than 5% when using a commercial reference and counter electrode. Metallization of LIG led to a significant increase in peak current and specific capacitance (area between anodic/cathodic curve). However, batch-to-batch variation increased to approximately 30%. Two different platinum electrodeposition techniques were studied, including galvanostatic and frequency-modulated electrodeposition. The study shows that formation of metallized LIG electrodes with high specific capacitance and peak current may come at the expense of high batch variability. This design tradeoff has not been discussed in the literature and is an important consideration if scaling sensor designs for mass use is desired. This study provides important insight into the variation of LIG material properties for scalable development of LIG sensors. Additional studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanism(s) of this variability so that strategies to improve the repeatability may be developed for improving quality control. The dataset from this study is available via an open access repository.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Tang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA;
| | - Geisianny A. Moreira
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA;
| | - Diana Vanegas
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - Shoumen P. A. Datta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT Auto-ID Labs, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Medical Device (MDPnP) Interoperability and Cybersecurity Labs, Department of Anesthesiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Eric S. McLamore
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA;
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
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6
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Pinheiro T, Morais M, Silvestre S, Carlos E, Coelho J, Almeida HV, Barquinha P, Fortunato E, Martins R. Direct Laser Writing: From Materials Synthesis and Conversion to Electronic Device Processing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402014. [PMID: 38551106 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Direct Laser Writing (DLW) has been increasingly selected as a microfabrication route for efficient, cost-effective, high-resolution material synthesis and conversion. Concurrently, lasers participate in the patterning and assembly of functional geometries in several fields of application, of which electronics stand out. In this review, recent advances and strategies based on DLW for electronics microfabrication are surveyed and outlined, based on laser material growth strategies. First, the main DLW parameters influencing material synthesis and transformation mechanisms are summarized, aimed at selective, tailored writing of conductive and semiconducting materials. Additive and transformative DLW processing mechanisms are discussed, to open space to explore several categories of materials directly synthesized or transformed for electronics microfabrication. These include metallic conductors, metal oxides, transition metal chalcogenides and carbides, laser-induced graphene, and their mixtures. By accessing a wide range of material types, DLW-based electronic applications are explored, including processing components, energy harvesting and storage, sensing, and bioelectronics. The expanded capability of lasers to participate in multiple fabrication steps at different implementation levels, from material engineering to device processing, indicates their future applicability to next-generation electronics, where more accessible, green microfabrication approaches integrate lasers as comprehensive tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Pinheiro
- i3N|CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Maria Morais
- i3N|CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Sara Silvestre
- i3N|CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Emanuel Carlos
- i3N|CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - João Coelho
- i3N|CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Henrique V Almeida
- i3N|CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Pedro Barquinha
- i3N|CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- i3N|CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Martins
- i3N|CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
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7
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Kumar N, Lee SY, Park SJ. Recent Progress and Challenges in Paper-Based Microsupercapacitors for Flexible Electronics: A Comprehensive Review. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:21367-21382. [PMID: 38631339 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in paper-based microsupercapacitors (p-MSCs) have attracted significant attention due to their potential as substrates for flexible electronics. This review summarizes progress in the field of p-MSCs, discussing their challenges and prospects. It covers various aspects, including the fundamental characteristics of paper, the modification of paper with functional materials, and different methods for device fabrication. The review critically analyzes recent advancements, materials, and fabrication techniques for p-MSCs, exploring their potential applications and benefits, such as flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. Additionally, this review highlights gaps in current research, guiding future investigations and innovations in the field. It provides an overview of the current state of p-MSCs and offers valuable insights for researchers and professionals in the field. The critical analysis and discussion presented herein offer a roadmap for the future development of p-MSCs and their potential impact on the domain of flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Yi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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8
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Yu H, Bian J, Chen F, Li K, Huang Y. Laser-Guided, Self-Confined Graphitization for High-Conductivity Embedded Electronics. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0305. [PMID: 38628354 PMCID: PMC11020139 DOI: 10.34133/research.0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Facile fabrication of highly conductive and self-encapsulated graphene electronics is in urgent demand for carbon-based integrated circuits, field effect transistors, optoelectronic devices, and flexible sensors. The current fabrication of these electronic devices is mainly based on layer-by-layer techniques (separate circuit preparation and encapsulation procedures), which show multistep fabrication procedures, complicated renovation/repair procedures, and poor electrical property due to graphene oxidation and exfoliation. Here, we propose a laser-guided interfacial writing (LaserIW) technique based on self-confined, nickel-catalyzed graphitization to directly fabricate highly conductive, embedded graphene electronics inside multilayer structures. The doped nickel is used to induce chain carbonization, which firstly enhances the photothermal effect to increase the confined temperature for initial carbonization, and the generated carbon further increases the light-absorption capacity to fabricate high-quality graphene. Meanwhile, the nickel atoms contribute to the accelerated connection of carbon atoms. This interfacial carbonization inherently avoids the exfoliation and oxidation of the as-formed graphene, resulting in an 8-fold improvement in electrical conductivity (~20,000 S/m at 7,958 W/cm2 and 2 mm/s for 20% nickel content). The LaserIW technique shows excellent stability and reproducibility, with ±2.5% variations in the same batch and ±2% variations in different batches. Component-level wireless light sensors and flexible strain sensors exhibit excellent sensitivity (665 kHz/(W/cm2) for passive wireless light sensors) and self-encapsulation (<1% variations in terms of waterproof, antifriction, and antithermal shock). Additionally, the LaserIW technique allows for one-step renovation of in-service electronics and nondestructive repair of damaged circuits without the need to disassemble encapsulation layers. This technique reverses the layer-by-layer processing mode and provides a powerful manufacturing tool for the fabrication, modification, and repair of multilayer, multifunctional embedded electronics, especially demonstrating the immense potential for in-space manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jing Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronic (Future Technology),
Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Furong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - YongAn Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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9
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Vaughan E, Santillo C, Imbrogno A, Gentile G, Quinn AJ, Kaciulis S, Lavorgna M, Iacopino D. Direct Laser Writing of Chitosan-Borax Composites: Toward Sustainable Electrochemical Sensors. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2023; 11:13574-13583. [PMID: 37767083 PMCID: PMC10521144 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c02708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the laser-induced graphitization process of sustainable chitosan-based formulations was investigated. In particular, optimal lasing conditions were investigated alongside the effect of borax concentration in the chitosan matrix. In all cases, it was found that the obtained formulations were graphitizable with a CO2 laser. This process gave rise to the formation of high surface area, porous, and electrically conductive laser-induced graphene (LIG) structures. It was found that borax, as a cross-linker of chitosan, enabled the graphitization process when its content was ≥30 wt % in the chitosan matrix, allowing the formation of an LIG phase with a significant content of graphite-like structures. The graphitization process was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman, X-ray photoemission (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies. LIG electrodes obtained from CS/40B formulations displayed a sheet resistance as low as 110 Ω/sq. Electrochemical characterization was performed after a 10 min electrode activation by cycling in 1 M KCl. A heterogeneous electron transfer rate, k0, of 4 × 10-3 cm s-1 was determined, indicating rapid electron transfer rates at the electrode surface. These results show promise for the introduction of a new class of sustainable composites for LIG electrochemical sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoghan Vaughan
- Tyndall
National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12R5CP, Ireland
| | - Chiara Santillo
- Institute
for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, P.le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Alessandra Imbrogno
- Tyndall
National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12R5CP, Ireland
| | - Gennaro Gentile
- Institute
for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Aidan J. Quinn
- Tyndall
National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12R5CP, Ireland
| | - Saulius Kaciulis
- Institute
for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, Monterotondo Staz., 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Marino Lavorgna
- Institute
for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, P.le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Daniela Iacopino
- Tyndall
National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12R5CP, Ireland
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10
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Bressi AC, Dallinger A, Steksova Y, Greco F. Bioderived Laser-Induced Graphene for Sensors and Supercapacitors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37471123 PMCID: PMC10401514 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The maskless and chemical-free conversion and patterning of synthetic polymer precursors into laser-induced graphene (LIG) via laser-induced pyrolysis is a relatively new but growing field. Bioderived precursors from lignocellulosic materials can also be converted to LIG, opening a path to sustainable and environmentally friendly applications. This review is designed as a starting point for researchers who are not familiar with LIG and/or who wish to switch to sustainable bioderived precursors for their applications. Bioderived precursors are described, and their performances (mainly crystallinity and sheet resistance of the obtained LIG) are compared. The three main fields of application are reviewed: supercapacitors and electrochemical and physical sensors. The key advantages and disadvantages of each precursor for each application are discussed and compared to those of a benchmark of polymer-derived LIG. LIG from bioderived precursors can match, or even outperform, its synthetic analogue and represents a viable and sometimes better alternative, also considering its low cost and biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chiara Bressi
- The Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Viale R. Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alexander Dallinger
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petergasse 16, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Yulia Steksova
- The Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Viale R. Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Greco
- The Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Viale R. Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petergasse 16, Graz 8010, Austria
- Interdisciplinary Center on Sustainability and Climate, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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