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Janssen P, Isa T, Lanciego J, Leech K, Logothetis N, Poo MM, Mitchell AS. Visualizing advances in the future of primate neuroscience research. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 4:100064. [PMID: 36582401 PMCID: PMC9792703 DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Future neuroscience and biomedical projects involving non-human primates (NHPs) remain essential in our endeavors to understand the complexities and functioning of the mammalian central nervous system. In so doing, the NHP neuroscience researcher must be allowed to incorporate state-of-the-art technologies, including the use of novel viral vectors, gene therapy and transgenic approaches to answer continuing and emerging research questions that can only be addressed in NHP research models. This perspective piece captures these emerging technologies and some specific research questions they can address. At the same time, we highlight some current caveats to global NHP research and collaborations including the lack of common ethical and regulatory frameworks for NHP research, the limitations involving animal transportation and exports, and the ongoing influence of activist groups opposed to NHP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Janssen
- Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tadashi Isa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Jose Lanciego
- Department Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, CiberNed., Pamplona, Spain
| | - Kirk Leech
- European Animal Research Association, United Kingdom
| | - Nikos Logothetis
- International Center for Primate Brain Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu-Ming Poo
- International Center for Primate Brain Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Anna S. Mitchell
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand,Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom,Corresponding author. School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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2
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Fajardo-Serrano A, Rico AJ, Roda E, Honrubia A, Arrieta S, Ariznabarreta G, Chocarro J, Lorenzo-Ramos E, Pejenaute A, Vázquez A, Lanciego JL. Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors as Versatile Tools for Neurological Disorders: Focus on Delivery Routes and Therapeutic Perspectives. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040746. [PMID: 35453499 PMCID: PMC9025350 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is without doubt that the gene therapy field is currently in the spotlight for the development of new therapeutics targeting unmet medical needs. Thus, considering the gene therapy scenario, neurological diseases in general and neurodegenerative disorders in particular are emerging as the most appealing choices for new therapeutic arrivals intended to slow down, stop, or even revert the natural progressive course that characterizes most of these devastating neurodegenerative processes. Since an extensive coverage of all available literature is not feasible in practical terms, here emphasis was made in providing some advice to beginners in the field with a narrow focus on elucidating the best delivery route available for fulfilling any given AAV-based therapeutic approach. Furthermore, it is worth nothing that the number of ongoing clinical trials is increasing at a breath-taking speed. Accordingly, a landscape view of preclinical and clinical initiatives is also provided here in an attempt to best illustrate what is ongoing in this quickly expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Fajardo-Serrano
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.J.R.); (E.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (J.C.); (E.L.-R.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 23038 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Correspondence: (A.F.-S.); (J.L.L.)
| | - Alberto J. Rico
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.J.R.); (E.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (J.C.); (E.L.-R.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 23038 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Elvira Roda
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.J.R.); (E.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (J.C.); (E.L.-R.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 23038 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Adriana Honrubia
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.J.R.); (E.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (J.C.); (E.L.-R.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 23038 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Sandra Arrieta
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.J.R.); (E.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (J.C.); (E.L.-R.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 23038 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Goiaz Ariznabarreta
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.J.R.); (E.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (J.C.); (E.L.-R.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 23038 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Julia Chocarro
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.J.R.); (E.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (J.C.); (E.L.-R.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 23038 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Elena Lorenzo-Ramos
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.J.R.); (E.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (J.C.); (E.L.-R.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 23038 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Alvaro Pejenaute
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.J.R.); (E.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (J.C.); (E.L.-R.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 23038 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Alfonso Vázquez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Servicio Navarro de Salud, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Luis Lanciego
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.J.R.); (E.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (J.C.); (E.L.-R.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 23038 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Correspondence: (A.F.-S.); (J.L.L.)
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Muñoz Y, Cuevas-Pacheco F, Quesseveur G, Murai KK. Light microscopic and heterogeneity analysis of astrocytes in the common marmoset brain. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:3121-3147. [PMID: 34716617 PMCID: PMC9541330 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes are abundant cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and are involved in processes including synapse formation/function, ion homeostasis, neurotransmitter uptake, and neurovascular coupling. Recent evidence indicates that astrocytes show diverse molecular, structural, and physiological properties within the CNS. This heterogeneity is reflected in differences in astrocyte structure, gene expression, functional properties, and responsiveness to injury/pathological conditions. Deeper investigation of astrocytic heterogeneity is needed to understand how astrocytes are configured to enable diverse roles in the CNS. While much has been learned about astrocytic heterogeneity in rodents, much less is known about astrocytic heterogeneity in the primate brain where astrocytes have greater size and complexity. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a promising non‐human primate model because of similarities between marmosets and humans with respect to genetics, brain anatomy, and cognition/behavior. Here, we investigated the molecular and structural heterogeneity of marmoset astrocytes using an array of astrocytic markers, multi‐label confocal microscopy, and quantitative analysis. We used male and female marmosets and found that marmoset astrocytes show differences in expression of astrocytic markers in cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. These differences were accompanied by intra‐regional variation in expression of markers for glutamate/GABA transporters, and potassium and water channels. Differences in astrocyte structure were also found, along with complex interactions with blood vessels, microglia, and neurons. This study contributes to our knowledge of the cellular and molecular features of marmoset astrocytes and is useful for understanding the complex properties of astrocytes in the primate CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorka Muñoz
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Francisco Cuevas-Pacheco
- Department of Mathematics, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaiso, Chile.,Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Gaël Quesseveur
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Keith K Murai
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Quantitative Life Sciences Graduate Program, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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4
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Rai SN, Singh P, Varshney R, Chaturvedi VK, Vamanu E, Singh MP, Singh BK. Promising drug targets and associated therapeutic interventions in Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1730-1739. [PMID: 33510062 PMCID: PMC8328771 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.306066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most debilitating brain diseases. Despite the availability of symptomatic treatments, response towards the health of PD patients remains scarce. To fulfil the medical needs of the PD patients, an efficacious and etiological treatment is required. In this review, we have compiled the information covering limitations of current therapeutic options in PD, novel drug targets for PD, and finally, the role of some critical beneficial natural products to control the progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Payal Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ritu Varshney
- Department of Bioengineering and Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M. P. Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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5
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Shadrina M, Slominsky P. Modeling Parkinson's Disease: Not Only Rodents? Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:695718. [PMID: 34421573 PMCID: PMC8377290 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.695718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common chronic progressive multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. In most cases, PD develops as a sporadic idiopathic disease. However, in 10%–15% of all patients, Mendelian inheritance of the disease is observed in an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive manner. To date, mutations in seven genes have been convincingly confirmed as causative in typical familial forms of PD, i.e., SNCA, LRRK2, VPS35, PRKN, PINK1, GBA, and DJ-1. Family and genome-wide association studies have also identified a number of candidate disease genes and a common genetic variability at 90 loci has been linked to risk for PD. The analysis of the biological function of both proven and candidate genes made it possible to conclude that mitochondrial dysfunction, lysosomal dysfunction, impaired exosomal transport, and immunological processes can play important roles in the development of the pathological process of PD. The mechanisms of initiation of the pathological process and its earliest stages remain unclear. The study of the early stages of the disease (before the first motor symptoms appear) is extremely complicated by the long preclinical period. In addition, at present, the possibility of performing complex biochemical and molecular biological studies familial forms of PD is limited. However, in this case, the analysis of the state of the central nervous system can only be assessed by indirect signs, such as the level of metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid, peripheral blood, and other biological fluids. One of the potential solutions to this problem is the analysis of disease models, in which it is possible to conduct a detailed in-depth study of all aspects of the pathological process, starting from its earliest stages. Many modeling options are available currently. An analysis of studies published in the 2000s suggests that toxic models in rodents are used in the vast majority of cases. However, interesting and important data for understanding the pathogenesis of PD can be obtained from other in vivo models. Within the framework of this review, we will consider various models of PD that were created using various living organisms, from unicellular yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and invertebrate (Nematode and Drosophila) forms to various mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Shadrina
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Hereditary Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr Slominsky
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Hereditary Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
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6
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Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors as Versatile Tools for Parkinson's Research, Both for Disease Modeling Purposes and for Therapeutic Uses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126389. [PMID: 34203739 PMCID: PMC8232322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is without any doubt that precision medicine therapeutic strategies targeting neurodegenerative disorders are currently witnessing the spectacular rise of newly designed approaches based on the use of viral vectors as Trojan horses for the controlled release of a given genetic payload. Among the different types of viral vectors, adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) rank as the ones most commonly used for the purposes of either disease modeling or for therapeutic strategies. Here, we reviewed the current literature dealing with the use of AAVs within the field of Parkinson’s disease with the aim to provide neuroscientists with the advice and background required when facing a choice on which AAV might be best suited for addressing a given experimental challenge. Accordingly, here we will be summarizing some insights on different AAV serotypes, and which would be the most appropriate AAV delivery route. Next, the use of AAVs for modeling synucleinopathies is highlighted, providing potential readers with a landscape view of ongoing pre-clinical and clinical initiatives pushing forward AAV-based therapeutic approaches for Parkinson’s disease and related synucleinopathies.
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Glucocerebrosidase Gene Therapy Induces Alpha-Synuclein Clearance and Neuroprotection of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons in Mice and Macaques. Int J Mol Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094825
expr 822865328 + 834424064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GBA1 gene coding for glucocerebrosidase (GCase) are the main genetic risk factor for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Indeed, identifying reduced GCase activity as a common feature underlying the typical neuropathological signatures of PD—even when considering idiopathic forms of PD—has recently paved the way for designing novel strategies focused on enhancing GCase activity to reduce alpha-synuclein burden and preventing dopaminergic cell death. Here we have performed bilateral injections of a viral vector coding for the mutated form of alpha-synuclein (rAAV9-SynA53T) for disease modeling purposes, both in mice as well as in nonhuman primates (NHPs), further inducing a progressive neuronal death in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Next, another vector coding for the GBA1 gene (rAAV9-GBA1) was unilaterally delivered in the SNpc of mice and NHPs one month after the initial insult, together with the contralateral delivery of an empty/null rAAV9 for control purposes. Obtained results showed that GCase enhancement reduced alpha-synuclein burden, leading to improved survival of dopaminergic neurons. Data reported here support using GCase gene therapy as a disease-modifying treatment for PD and related synucleinopathies, including idiopathic forms of these disorders.
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Sucunza D, Rico AJ, Roda E, Collantes M, González-Aseguinolaza G, Rodríguez-Pérez AI, Peñuelas I, Vázquez A, Labandeira-García JL, Broccoli V, Lanciego JL. Glucocerebrosidase Gene Therapy Induces Alpha-Synuclein Clearance and Neuroprotection of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons in Mice and Macaques. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4825. [PMID: 34062940 PMCID: PMC8125775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094825&set/a 996529505+983673223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GBA1 gene coding for glucocerebrosidase (GCase) are the main genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Indeed, identifying reduced GCase activity as a common feature underlying the typical neuropathological signatures of PD-even when considering idiopathic forms of PD-has recently paved the way for designing novel strategies focused on enhancing GCase activity to reduce alpha-synuclein burden and preventing dopaminergic cell death. Here we have performed bilateral injections of a viral vector coding for the mutated form of alpha-synuclein (rAAV9-SynA53T) for disease modeling purposes, both in mice as well as in nonhuman primates (NHPs), further inducing a progressive neuronal death in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Next, another vector coding for the GBA1 gene (rAAV9-GBA1) was unilaterally delivered in the SNpc of mice and NHPs one month after the initial insult, together with the contralateral delivery of an empty/null rAAV9 for control purposes. Obtained results showed that GCase enhancement reduced alpha-synuclein burden, leading to improved survival of dopaminergic neurons. Data reported here support using GCase gene therapy as a disease-modifying treatment for PD and related synucleinopathies, including idiopathic forms of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sucunza
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neurosciences, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.S.); (E.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 28031 Madrid, Spain; (G.G.-A.); (A.I.R.-P.); (J.L.L.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Alberto J. Rico
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neurosciences, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.S.); (E.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 28031 Madrid, Spain; (G.G.-A.); (A.I.R.-P.); (J.L.L.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.R.); (J.L.L.)
| | - Elvira Roda
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neurosciences, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.S.); (E.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 28031 Madrid, Spain; (G.G.-A.); (A.I.R.-P.); (J.L.L.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
| | - María Collantes
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gloria González-Aseguinolaza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 28031 Madrid, Spain; (G.G.-A.); (A.I.R.-P.); (J.L.L.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Gene Therapy, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana I. Rodríguez-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 28031 Madrid, Spain; (G.G.-A.); (A.I.R.-P.); (J.L.L.-G.)
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Iván Peñuelas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Vázquez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
- Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Department of Neurosurgery, Servicio Navarro de Salud, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - José L. Labandeira-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 28031 Madrid, Spain; (G.G.-A.); (A.I.R.-P.); (J.L.L.-G.)
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vania Broccoli
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, 20132 Milano, Italy;
| | - José L. Lanciego
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Department of Neurosciences, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.S.); (E.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), 28031 Madrid, Spain; (G.G.-A.); (A.I.R.-P.); (J.L.L.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.R.); (J.L.L.)
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9
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Glucocerebrosidase Gene Therapy Induces Alpha-Synuclein Clearance and Neuroprotection of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons in Mice and Macaques. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094825. [PMID: 34062940 PMCID: PMC8125775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GBA1 gene coding for glucocerebrosidase (GCase) are the main genetic risk factor for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Indeed, identifying reduced GCase activity as a common feature underlying the typical neuropathological signatures of PD—even when considering idiopathic forms of PD—has recently paved the way for designing novel strategies focused on enhancing GCase activity to reduce alpha-synuclein burden and preventing dopaminergic cell death. Here we have performed bilateral injections of a viral vector coding for the mutated form of alpha-synuclein (rAAV9-SynA53T) for disease modeling purposes, both in mice as well as in nonhuman primates (NHPs), further inducing a progressive neuronal death in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Next, another vector coding for the GBA1 gene (rAAV9-GBA1) was unilaterally delivered in the SNpc of mice and NHPs one month after the initial insult, together with the contralateral delivery of an empty/null rAAV9 for control purposes. Obtained results showed that GCase enhancement reduced alpha-synuclein burden, leading to improved survival of dopaminergic neurons. Data reported here support using GCase gene therapy as a disease-modifying treatment for PD and related synucleinopathies, including idiopathic forms of these disorders.
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10
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Kato S, Kobayashi K. Pseudotyped lentiviral vectors for tract-targeting and application for the functional control of selective neural circuits. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 344:108854. [PMID: 32663549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A lentiviral vector strategy for efficient gene transfer through retrograde axonal transport provides a powerful approach for studying the neural circuit mechanisms that mediate higher level functions of the central nervous system. Pseudotyping of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 with different types of fusion glycoproteins (FuGs), which are composed of segments of rabies virus glycoprotein (RV-G) and vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G), enhances the efficiency of retrograde gene transfer in both rodent and non-human primate brains. These pseudotyped lentiviral vectors are classified into two groups, highly efficient retrograde gene transfer (HiRet) and neuron-specific retrograde gene transfer (NeuRet) vectors, based on their properties of gene transduction. Combinatorial use of the pseudotyped vectors with various molecular tools for manipulating neural circuit functions (such as the cell targeting, synaptic silencing, and optogenetic or chemogenetic approaches) enables us to control the function of specific neural circuits, thus leading to a deeper understanding of the mechanism underlying various nervous system functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Kato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Kazuto Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
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11
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Feng G, Jensen FE, Greely HT, Okano H, Treue S, Roberts AC, Fox JG, Caddick S, Poo MM, Newsome WT, Morrison JH. Opportunities and limitations of genetically modified nonhuman primate models for neuroscience research. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:24022-24031. [PMID: 32817435 PMCID: PMC7533691 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2006515117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently developed new genome-editing technologies, such as the CRISPR/Cas system, have opened the door for generating genetically modified nonhuman primate (NHP) models for basic neuroscience and brain disorders research. The complex circuit formation and experience-dependent refinement of the human brain are very difficult to model in vitro, and thus require use of in vivo whole-animal models. For many neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, abnormal circuit formation and refinement might be at the center of their pathophysiology. Importantly, many of the critical circuits and regional cell populations implicated in higher human cognitive function and in many psychiatric disorders are not present in lower mammalian brains, while these analogous areas are replicated in NHP brains. Indeed, neuropsychiatric disorders represent a tremendous health and economic burden globally. The emerging field of genetically modified NHP models has the potential to transform our study of higher brain function and dramatically facilitate the development of effective treatment for human brain disorders. In this paper, we discuss the importance of developing such models, the infrastructure and training needed to maximize the impact of such models, and ethical standards required for using these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Feng
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Frances E Jensen
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
| | - Henry T Greely
- Center for Law and the Biosciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjukuku, 160-8592 Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 351-0106 Saitama, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Stefan Treue
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology and Psychology, University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Angela C Roberts
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, CB2 3DY Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James G Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Sarah Caddick
- The Gatsby Charitable Foundation, SW1V 1AP London, United Kingdom
| | - Mu-Ming Poo
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
| | - William T Newsome
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - John H Morrison
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616;
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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12
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Lanciego JL, Wouterlood FG. Neuroanatomical tract-tracing techniques that did go viral. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:1193-1224. [PMID: 32062721 PMCID: PMC7271020 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02041-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuroanatomical tracing methods remain fundamental for elucidating the complexity of brain circuits. During the past decades, the technical arsenal at our disposal has been greatly enriched, with a steady supply of fresh arrivals. This paper provides a landscape view of classical and modern tools for tract-tracing purposes. Focus is placed on methods that have gone viral, i.e., became most widespread used and fully reliable. To keep an historical perspective, we start by reviewing one-dimensional, standalone transport-tracing tools; these including today's two most favorite anterograde neuroanatomical tracers such as Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin and biotinylated dextran amine. Next, emphasis is placed on several classical tools widely used for retrograde neuroanatomical tracing purposes, where Fluoro-Gold in our opinion represents the best example. Furthermore, it is worth noting that multi-dimensional paradigms can be designed by combining different tracers or by applying a given tracer together with detecting one or more neurochemical substances, as illustrated here with several examples. Finally, it is without any doubt that we are currently witnessing the unstoppable and spectacular rise of modern molecular-genetic techniques based on the use of modified viruses as delivery vehicles for genetic material, therefore, pushing the tract-tracing field forward into a new era. In summary, here, we aim to provide neuroscientists with the advice and background required when facing a choice on which neuroanatomical tracer-or combination thereof-might be best suited for addressing a given experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Lanciego
- Neurosciences Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pio XII Avenue 55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Pamplona, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Floris G Wouterlood
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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13
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Gómez-Benito M, Granado N, García-Sanz P, Michel A, Dumoulin M, Moratalla R. Modeling Parkinson's Disease With the Alpha-Synuclein Protein. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:356. [PMID: 32390826 PMCID: PMC7191035 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) is a key protein involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. PD is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neuronal cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the abnormal accumulation and aggregation of α-Syn in the form of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. More precisely, the aggregation of α-Syn is associated with the dysfunctionality and degeneration of neurons in PD. Moreover, mutations in the SNCA gene, which encodes α-Syn, cause familial forms of PD and are the basis of sporadic PD risk. Given the role of the α-Syn protein in the pathology of PD, animal models that reflect the dopaminergic neuronal loss and the widespread and progressive formation of α-Syn aggregates in different areas of the brain constitute a valuable tool. Indeed, animal models of PD are important for understanding the molecular mechanisms of the disease and might contribute to the development and validation of new therapies. In the absence of animal models that faithfully reproduce human PD, in recent years, numerous animal models of PD based on α-Syn have been generated. In this review, we summarize the main features of the α-Syn pre-formed fibrils (PFFs) model and recombinant adeno-associated virus vector (rAAV) mediated α-Syn overexpression models, providing a detailed comparative analysis of both models. Here, we discuss how each model has contributed to our understanding of PD pathology and the advantages and weakness of each of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Gómez-Benito
- Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Granado
- Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia García-Sanz
- Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Michel
- UCB Biopharma, Neuroscience TA, Braine L'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Mireille Dumoulin
- Centre of Protein Engineering, InBios, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Harris JP, Burrell JC, Struzyna LA, Chen HI, Serruya MD, Wolf JA, Duda JE, Cullen DK. Emerging regenerative medicine and tissue engineering strategies for Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2020; 6:4. [PMID: 31934611 PMCID: PMC6949278 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-019-0105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disease, affecting 1-2% of people over 65. The classic motor symptoms of PD result from selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), resulting in a loss of their long axonal projections to the striatum. Current treatment strategies such as dopamine replacement and deep brain stimulation (DBS) can only minimize the symptoms of nigrostriatal degeneration, not directly replace the lost pathway. Regenerative medicine-based solutions are being aggressively pursued with the goal of restoring dopamine levels in the striatum, with several emerging techniques attempting to reconstruct the entire nigrostriatal pathway-a key goal to recreate feedback pathways to ensure proper dopamine regulation. Although many pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic treatments are being developed, this article focuses on the evolution of transplant therapies for the treatment of PD, including fetal grafts, cell-based implants, and more recent tissue-engineered constructs. Attention is given to cell/tissue sources, efficacy to date, and future challenges that must be overcome to enable robust translation into clinical use. Emerging regenerative medicine therapies are being developed using neurons derived from autologous stem cells, enabling the construction of patient-specific constructs tailored to their particular extent of degeneration. In the upcoming era of restorative neurosurgery, such constructs may directly replace SNpc neurons, restore axon-based dopaminergic inputs to the striatum, and ameliorate motor deficits. These solutions may provide a transformative and scalable solution to permanently replace lost neuroanatomy and improve the lives of millions of people afflicted by PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. Harris
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Justin C. Burrell
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Laura A. Struzyna
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - H. Isaac Chen
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Mijail D. Serruya
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - John A. Wolf
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - John E. Duda
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Parkinson’s Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center (PADRECC), Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - D. Kacy Cullen
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
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15
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Hernandez-Baltazar D, Nadella R, Mireya Zavala-Flores L, Rosas-Jarquin CDJ, Rovirosa-Hernandez MDJ, Villanueva-Olivo A. Four main therapeutic keys for Parkinson's disease: A mini review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:716-721. [PMID: 32373291 PMCID: PMC7196346 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.33659.8025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor and cognitive dysfunctions. The progressive degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons that are present in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) has been the main focus of study and PD therapies since ages. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this manuscript, a systematic revision of experimental and clinical evidence of PD-associated cell process was conducted. RESULTS Classically, the damage in the dopaminergic neuronal circuits of SNpc is favored by reactive oxidative/nitrosative stress, leading to cell death. Interestingly, the therapy for PD has only focused on avoiding the symptom progression but not in finding a complete reversion of the disease. Recent evidence suggests that the renin-angiotensin system imbalance and neuroinflammation are the main keys in the progression of experimental PD. CONCLUSION The progression of neurodegeneration in SNpc is due to the complex interaction of multiple processes. In this review, we analyzed the main contribution of four cellular processes and discussed in the perspective of novel experimental approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rasajna Nadella
- IIIT Srikakulam, Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies (RGUKT); International collaboration ID:1840; India
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16
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Cheng Y, Wang J. The use of chemogenetic approaches in alcohol use disorder research and treatment. Alcohol 2019; 74:39-45. [PMID: 30442535 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Several novel techniques were developed recently to explore neural circuit mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders. These techniques include the Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADD)-based chemogenetic tools, which represent valuable platforms for selective and non-invasive control of neural activity with a high degree of spatial resolution. Among all variants, Gq- and Gi-DREADDs are widely used by neuroscientists to dissect out the circuitry and cellular signals. This review is focused on strategies to access a specific neuronal population or circuit using the DREADD technique and summarizes the current knowledge of the DREADDs' application in alcohol use disorder research and therapeutics.
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17
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Blandini F, Cilia R, Cerri S, Pezzoli G, Schapira AHV, Mullin S, Lanciego JL. Glucocerebrosidase mutations and synucleinopathies: Toward a model of precision medicine. Mov Disord 2018; 34:9-21. [PMID: 30589955 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase is a lysosomal enzyme. The characterization of a direct link between mutations in the gene coding for glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) with the development of Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies has heightened interest in this enzyme. Although the mechanisms through which glucocerebrosidase regulates the homeostasis of α-synuclein remains poorly understood, the identification of reduced glucocerebrosidase activity in the brains of patients with PD and dementia with Lewy bodies has paved the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies directed at enhancing glucocerebrosidase activity and reducing α-synuclein burden, thereby slowing down or even preventing neuronal death. Here we reviewed the current literature relating to the mechanisms underlying the cross talk between glucocerebrosidase and α-synuclein, the GBA1 mutation-associated clinical phenotypes, and ongoing therapeutic approaches targeting glucocerebrosidase. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Blandini
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Cilia
- Parkinson Institute, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Cerri
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Anthony H V Schapira
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Hampstead, UK
| | - Stephen Mullin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Hampstead, UK.,Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth University Peninsula School of Medicine, Plymouth, UK
| | - José L Lanciego
- Programa de Neurociencias, Fundación para la Investigación Médica Aplicada (FIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
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18
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Rodriguez-Perez AI, Sucunza D, Pedrosa MA, Garrido-Gil P, Kulisevsky J, Lanciego JL, Labandeira-Garcia JL. Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Antagonists Protect Against Alpha-Synuclein-Induced Neuroinflammation and Dopaminergic Neuron Death. Neurotherapeutics 2018; 15:1063-1081. [PMID: 29987762 PMCID: PMC6277291 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-018-0646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of dopaminergic neurons and α-synuclein accumulation are major hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD), and it has been suggested that a major mechanism of α-synuclein toxicity is microglial activation. The lack of animal models that properly reproduce PD, and particularly the underlying synucleinopathy, has hampered the clarification of PD mechanisms and the development of effective therapies. Here, we used neurospecific adeno-associated viral vectors serotype 9 coding for either the wild-type or mutated forms of human alpha-synuclein (WT and SynA53T, respectively) under the control of a synapsin promoter to further induce a marked dopaminergic neuron loss together with an important microglial neuroinflammatory response. Overexpression of neuronal alpha-synuclein led to increased expression of angiotensin type 1 receptors and NADPH oxidase activity, together with a marked increase in the number of OX-6-positive microglial cells and expression of markers of phagocytic activity (CD68) and classical pro-inflammatory/M1 microglial phenotype markers such as inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, and IL-6. Moreover, a significant decrease in the expression of markers of immunoregulatory/M2 microglial phenotype such as the enzyme arginase-1 was constantly observed. Interestingly, alpha-synuclein-induced changes in microglial phenotype markers and dopaminergic neuron death were inhibited by simultaneous treatment with the angiotensin type 1 blockers candesartan or telmisartan. Our results suggest the repurposing of candesartan and telmisartan as a neuroprotective strategy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Rodriguez-Perez
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Diego Sucunza
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Madrid, 28031, Spain
- Neurosciences Division, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Maria A Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Pablo Garrido-Gil
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Madrid, 28031, Spain
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital and Biomedical Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, 08025, Spain
| | - Jose L Lanciego
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Madrid, 28031, Spain
- Neurosciences Division, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Jose L Labandeira-Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Madrid, 28031, Spain.
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19
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Smith Y, Galvan A. Non-human primate research of basal ganglia and movement disorders: advances and challenges. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:275-278. [PMID: 29423879 PMCID: PMC5826894 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoland Smith
- Department of Neurology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954, Gatewood Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
| | - Adriana Galvan
- Department of Neurology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954, Gatewood Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
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20
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Blesa J, Trigo-Damas I, del Rey NLG, Obeso JA. The use of nonhuman primate models to understand processes in Parkinson’s disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 125:325-335. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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