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Yang W, Liu D, Gao P, Wu Q, Li Z, Li S, Zhu L. Oxidative stress and metabolic process responses of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to nanoplastic exposure: Insights from integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124466. [PMID: 38944181 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a universal interpretation for the toxicity mechanism of nanoplastics to microalgae. However, there is a lack of deeper insight into the regulation mechanism in microalgae response to oxidative stress, thus affecting the prevention and control for nanoplastics hazard. The integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics was employed to investigate the mechanism for the oxidative stress response of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to nanoplastics and subsequently lock the according core pathways and driver genes induced. Results indicated that the linoleic acid metabolism, glycine (Gly)-serine (Ser)-threonine (Thr) metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism pathways of C. pyrenoidosa were collectively involved in oxidative stress. The analysis of linoleic acid metabolism suggested that nanoplastics prompted algal cells to secrete more allelochemicals, thereby leading to destroy the immune system of cells. Gly-Ser-Thr metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism pathways were core pathways involved in algal regulation of cell membrane function and antioxidant system. Key genes, such as LOX2.3, SHM1, TRPA1, and proC1, are drivers of regulating the oxidative stress of algae cells. This investigation lays the foundation for future applications of gene editing technology to limit the hazards of nanoplastics on aquatic organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Yang
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Recycling and Ecological Treatment of Waste Biomass, School of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Pan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China
| | - Qirui Wu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Zhuo Li
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Shuangxi Li
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China.
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Ochatt SJ. Less Frequently Used Growth Regulators in Plant Tissue Culture. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2827:109-143. [PMID: 38985266 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3954-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth regulators are routinely added to in vitro culture media to foster the growth and differentiation of the cells, tissues, and organs. However, while the literature on usage of the more common auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, and ethylene is vast, other compounds that also have shown a growth-regulating activity have not been studied as frequently. Such substances are also capable of modulating the responses of plant cells and tissues in vitro by regulating their growth, differentiation, and regeneration competence, but also by enhancing their responses toward biotic and abiotic stress agents and improving the production of secondary metabolites of interest. This chapter will discuss the in vitro effects of several of such less frequently added plant growth regulators, including brassinosteroids (BRS), strigolactones (SLs), phytosulfokines (PSKs), methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid (SA), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), hydrogen sulfite, various plant growth retardants and inhibitors (e.g., ancymidol, uniconazole, flurprimidol, paclobutrazol), and polyamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio J Ochatt
- Agroécologie, InstitutAgro Dijon, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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Allagulova CR, Lubyanova AR, Avalbaev AM. Multiple Ways of Nitric Oxide Production in Plants and Its Functional Activity under Abiotic Stress Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11637. [PMID: 37511393 PMCID: PMC10380521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous signaling molecule that plays an important role in plant ontogenesis and responses to different stresses. The most widespread abiotic stress factors limiting significantly plant growth and crop yield are drought, salinity, hypo-, hyperthermia, and an excess of heavy metal (HM) ions. Data on the accumulation of endogenous NO under stress factors and on the alleviation of their negative effects under exogenous NO treatments indicate the perspectives of its practical application to improve stress resistance and plant productivity. This requires fundamental knowledge of the NO metabolism and the mechanisms of its biological action in plants. NO generation occurs in plants by two main alternative mechanisms: oxidative or reductive, in spontaneous or enzymatic reactions. NO participates in plant development by controlling the processes of seed germination, vegetative growth, morphogenesis, flower transition, fruit ripening, and senescence. Under stressful conditions, NO contributes to antioxidant protection, osmotic adjustment, normalization of water balance, regulation of cellular ion homeostasis, maintenance of photosynthetic reactions, and growth processes of plants. NO can exert regulative action by inducing posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins changing the activity of different enzymes or transcriptional factors, modulating the expression of huge amounts of genes, including those related to stress tolerance. This review summarizes the current data concerning molecular mechanisms of NO production and its activity in plants during regulation of their life cycle and adaptation to drought, salinity, temperature stress, and HM ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chulpan R Allagulova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450054, Russia
| | - Alsu R Lubyanova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450054, Russia
| | - Azamat M Avalbaev
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450054, Russia
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Khan M, Al Azzawi TNI, Ali S, Yun BW, Mun BG. Nitric Oxide, a Key Modulator in the Alleviation of Environmental Stress-Mediated Damage in Crop Plants: A Meta-Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112121. [PMID: 37299100 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a small, diatomic, gaseous, free radicle, lipophilic, diffusible, and highly reactive molecule with unique properties that make it a crucial signaling molecule with important physiological, biochemical, and molecular implications for plants under normal and stressful conditions. NO regulates plant growth and developmental processes, such as seed germination, root growth, shoot development, and flowering. It is also a signaling molecule in various plant growth processes, such as cell elongation, differentiation, and proliferation. NO also regulates the expression of genes encoding hormones and signaling molecules associated with plant development. Abiotic stresses induce NO production in plants, which can regulate various biological processes, such as stomatal closure, antioxidant defense, ion homeostasis, and the induction of stress-responsive genes. Moreover, NO can activate plant defense response mechanisms, such as the production of pathogenesis-related proteins, phytohormones, and metabolites against biotic and oxidative stressors. NO can also directly inhibit pathogen growth by damaging their DNA and proteins. Overall, NO exhibits diverse regulatory roles in plant growth, development, and defense responses through complex molecular mechanisms that still require further studies. Understanding NO's role in plant biology is essential for developing strategies for improved plant growth and stress tolerance in agriculture and environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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5
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Kebert M, Kostić S, Stojnić S, Čapelja E, Markić AG, Zorić M, Kesić L, Flors V. A Fine-Tuning of the Plant Hormones, Polyamines and Osmolytes by Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Enhances Drought Tolerance in Pedunculate Oak. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087510. [PMID: 37108671 PMCID: PMC10139069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The drought sensitivity of the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) poses a threat to its survival in light of climate change. Mycorrhizal fungi, which orchestrate biogeochemical cycles and particularly have an impact on the plant's defense mechanisms and metabolism of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, are among the microbes that play a significant role in the mitigation of the effects of climate change on trees. The study's main objectives were to determine whether ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi alleviate the effects of drought stress in pedunculate oak and to investigate their priming properties. The effects of two levels of drought (mild and severe, corresponding to 60% and 30% of field capacity, respectively) on the biochemical response of pedunculate oak were examined in the presence and absence of ectomycorrhizal fungi. To examine whether the ectomycorrhizal fungi modulate the drought tolerance of pedunculate oak, levels of plant hormones and polyamines were quantified using UPLC-TQS and HPLC-FD techniques in addition to gas exchange measurements and the main osmolyte amounts (glycine betaine-GB and proline-PRO) which were determined spectrophotometrically. Droughts increased the accumulation of osmolytes, such as proline and glycine betaine, as well as higher polyamines (spermidine and spermine) levels and decreased putrescine levels in both, mycorrhized and non-mycorrhized oak seedlings. In addition to amplifying the response of oak to severe drought in terms of inducible proline and abscisic acid (ABA) levels, inoculation with ECM fungi significantly increased the constitutive levels of glycine betaine, spermine, and spermidine regardless of drought stress. This study found that compared to non-mycorrhized oak seedlings, unstressed ECM-inoculated oak seedlings had higher levels of salicylic (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) but not jasmonic acid (JA), indicating a priming mechanism of ECM is conveyed via these plant hormones. According to a PCA analysis, the effect of drought was linked to the variability of parameters along the PC1 axe, such as osmolytes PRO, GB, polyamines, and plant hormones such as JA, JA-Ile, SAG, and SGE, whereas mycorrhization was more closely associated with the parameters gathered around the PC2 axe (SA, ODPA, ABA, and E). These findings highlight the beneficial function of the ectomycorrhizal fungi, in particular Scleroderma citrinum, in reducing the effects of drought stress in pedunculate oak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Kebert
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Saša Kostić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Srđan Stojnić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Eleonora Čapelja
- Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Anđelina Gavranović Markić
- Division for Silviculture, Croatian Forest Research Institute, Cvjetno Naselje 41, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Croatia
| | - Martina Zorić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Lazar Kesić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Victor Flors
- Plant Immunity and Biochemistry Group, Department of Biology, Biochemistry, and Natural Sciences, Jaume I University, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
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6
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Napieraj N, Janicka M, Reda M. Interactions of Polyamines and Phytohormones in Plant Response to Abiotic Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1159. [PMID: 36904019 PMCID: PMC10005635 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Numerous environmental conditions negatively affect plant production. Abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, temperature, and heavy metals, cause damage at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular level, and limit plant growth, development, and survival. Studies have indicated that small amine compounds, polyamines (PAs), play a key role in plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses. Pharmacological and molecular studies, as well as research using genetic and transgenic approaches, have revealed the favorable effects of PAs on growth, ion homeostasis, water maintenance, photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and antioxidant systems in many plant species under abiotic stress. PAs display a multitrack action: regulating the expression of stress response genes and the activity of ion channels; improving the stability of membranes, DNA, and other biomolecules; and interacting with signaling molecules and plant hormones. In recent years the number of reports indicating crosstalk between PAs and phytohormones in plant response to abiotic stresses has increased. Interestingly, some plant hormones, previously known as plant growth regulators, can also participate in plant response to abiotic stresses. Therefore, the main goal of this review is to summarize the most significant results that represent the interactions between PAs and plant hormones, such as abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, ethylene, jasmonates, and gibberellins, in plants under abiotic stress. The future perspectives for research focusing on the crosstalk between PAs and plant hormones were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Małgorzata Reda
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland
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7
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Sandalio LM, Collado-Arenal AM, Romero-Puertas MC. Deciphering peroxisomal reactive species interactome and redox signalling networks. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 197:58-70. [PMID: 36642282 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant peroxisomes are highly dynamic organelles with regard to metabolic pathways, number and morphology and participate in different metabolic processes and cell responses to their environment. Peroxisomes from animal and plant cells house a complex system of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production associated to different metabolic pathways which are under control of an important set of enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidative defenses. Nitric oxide (NO) and its derivate reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are also produced in these organelles. Peroxisomes can regulate ROS and NO/RNS levels to allow their role as signalling molecules. The metabolism of other reactive species such as carbonyl reactive species (CRS) and sulfur reactive species (SRS) in peroxisomes and their relationship with ROS and NO have not been explored in depth. In this review, we define a peroxisomal reactive species interactome (PRSI), including all reactive species ROS, RNS, CRS and SRS, their interaction and effect on target molecules contributing to the dynamic redox/ROS homeostasis and plasticity of peroxisomes, enabling fine-tuned regulation of signalling networks associated with peroxisome-dependent H2O2. Particular attention will be paid to update the information available on H2O2-dependent peroxisomal retrograde signalling and to discuss a specific peroxisomal footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.
| | - Aurelio M Collado-Arenal
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
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8
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Liu XD, Zeng YY, Zhang XY, Tian XQ, Hasan MM, Yao GQ, Fang XW. Polyamines inhibit abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure by scavenging hydrogen peroxide. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13903. [PMID: 37002824 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal closure is regulated by plant hormones and some small molecules to reduce water loss under stress conditions. Both abscisic acid (ABA) and polyamines alone induce stomatal closure; however, whether the physiological functions of ABA and polyamines are synergistic or antagonistic with respect to inducing stomatal closure is still unknown. Here, stomatal movement in response to ABA and/or polyamines was tested in Vicia faba and Arabidopsis thaliana, and the change in the signaling components under stomatal closure was analyzed. We found that both polyamines and ABA could induce stomatal closure through similar signaling components, including the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and nitric oxide (NO) and the accumulation of Ca2+ . However, polyamines partially inhibited ABA-induced stomatal closure both in epidermal peels and in planta by activating antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), to eliminate the ABA-induced increase in H2 O2 . These results strongly indicate that polyamines inhibit abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure, suggesting that polyamines could be used as potential plant growth regulators to increase photosynthesis under mild drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xia-Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue-Qian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Md Mahadi Hasan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guang-Qian Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Mukherjee S, Corpas FJ. H 2 O 2 , NO, and H 2 S networks during root development and signalling under physiological and challenging environments: Beneficial or toxic? PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:688-717. [PMID: 36583401 PMCID: PMC10108057 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a key modulator of the development and architecture of the root system under physiological and adverse environmental conditions. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) also exert myriad functions on plant development and signalling. Accumulating pieces of evidence show that depending upon the dose and mode of applications, NO and H2 S can have synergistic or antagonistic actions in mediating H2 O2 signalling during root development. Thus, H2 O2 -NO-H2 S crosstalk might essentially impart tolerance to elude oxidative stress in roots. Growth and proliferation of root apex involve crucial orchestration of NO and H2 S-mediated ROS signalling which also comprise other components including mitogen-activated protein kinase, cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), and Ca2+ flux. This assessment provides a comprehensive update on the cooperative roles of NO and H2 S in modulating H2 O2 homoeostasis during root development, abiotic stress tolerance, and root-microbe interaction. Furthermore, it also analyses the scopes of some fascinating future investigations associated with strigolactone and karrikins concerning H2 O2 -NO-H2 S crosstalk in plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur CollegeUniversity of KalyaniWest BengalIndia
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signalling in PlantsEstación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC)GranadaSpain
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10
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Samanta I, Roy PC, Das E, Mishra S, Chowdhary G. Plant Peroxisomal Polyamine Oxidase: A Ubiquitous Enzyme Involved in Abiotic Stress Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:652. [PMID: 36771734 PMCID: PMC9919379 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are positively charged amines that are present in all organisms. In addition to their functions specific to growth and development, they are involved in responding to various biotic and abiotic stress tolerance functions. The appropriate concentration of PA in the cell is maintained by a delicate balance between the catabolism and anabolism of PAs, which is primarily driven by two enzymes, namely diamine oxidase and polyamine oxidase (PAO). PAOs have been found to be localized in multiple subcellular locations, including peroxisomes. This paper presents a holistic account of peroxisomal PAOs. PAOs are flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent enzymes with varying degrees of substrate specificity. They are expressed differentially upon various abiotic stress conditions, namely heat, cold, salinity, and dehydration. It has also been observed that in a particular species, the various PAO isoforms are expressed differentially with a spatial and temporal distinction. PAOs are targeted to peroxisome via a peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS) type 1. We conducted an extensive bioinformatics analysis of PTS1s present in various peroxisomal PAOs and present a consensus peroxisome targeting signal present in PAOs. Furthermore, we also propose an evolutionary perspective of peroxisomal PAOs. PAOs localized in plant peroxisomes are of potential importance in abiotic stress tolerance since peroxisomes are one of the nodal centers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and an increase in ROS is a major indicator of the plant being in stress conditions; hence, in the future, PAO enzymes could be used as a key candidate for generating abiotic stress tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Samanta
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KIIT, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Pamela Chanda Roy
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KIIT, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Eshani Das
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KIIT, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Sasmita Mishra
- Department of Biology, Kean University, 1000 Morris Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Gopal Chowdhary
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KIIT, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
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11
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Polyamine Oxidase-Generated Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Development and Adaptation: The Polyamine Oxidase-NADPH Oxidase Nexus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122488. [PMID: 36552696 PMCID: PMC9774701 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism and regulation of cellular polyamine levels are crucial for living cells to maintain their homeostasis and function. Polyamine oxidases (PAOs) terminally catabolize polyamines or catalyse the back-conversion reactions when spermine is converted to spermidine and Spd to putrescine. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a by-product of both the catabolic and back-conversion processes. Pharmacological and genetic approaches have started to uncover the roles of PAO-generated H2O2 in various plant developmental and adaptation processes such as cell differentiation, senescence, programmed cell death, and abiotic and biotic stress responses. Many of these studies have revealed that the superoxide-generating Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) NADPH oxidases control the same processes either upstream or downstream of PAO action. Therefore, it is reasonable to suppose that the two enzymes co-ordinately control the cellular homeostasis of reactive oxygen species. The intricate relationship between PAOs and RBOHs is also discussed, posing the hypothesis that these enzymes indirectly control each other's abundance/function via H2O2.
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12
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Shi T, Liu X, Xue Y, He F, Dang Y, Sun D. Enhancement of denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation via applied electric potential. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 318:115527. [PMID: 35759969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, single-chamber three-electrode electrochemical sequencing batch reactor (ESBR) was set up to investigate the impact of applying potential on denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) process. When the applied potential was +0.8 V, the conversion rate of nitrite to nitrogen was superior to those of other potentials. With the optimal potential of +0.8 V for 60 days, the nitrite removal rate of ESBR could reach 3.34 ± 0.28 mg N/L/d, which was 4.5 times more than that of the non-current control (0.74 ± 0.16 mg N/L/d). The DAMO functional bacteria Candidatus Methylomirabilis exhibited noticeable enrichment under applying potential, and its functional gene of pmoA was significantly expressed. Through untargeted LC-MS metabolomics analysis, applied potential was shown to affect the regulation of prior metabolites including spermidine, spermine and glycerophosphocholine that were related to the metabolic pathways of glycerophospholipid metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism, which had positive effects on DAMO process. These results show that applying electric potential could be a useful strategy in DAMO process used for methane and nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjing Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinying Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yiting Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fang He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yan Dang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dezhi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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13
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Liang SM, Zheng FL, Wu QS. Elucidating the dialogue between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and polyamines in plants. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:159. [PMID: 35834138 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03336-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The most dominant arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiont can be established on roots of most terrestrial plants by beneficial AM fungi. A type of polycationic and aliphatic compounds, polyamines (PAs), are involved in plant physiological activities including stress responses. Interestingly, small amounts of PAs such as putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) were found in AM fungal spores, and they are considered to be a component involved in mycorrhizal development, including mycorrhizal colonization, appressoria formation, spore germination and mycelial growth. Thus, PAs are regulatory factors in plant-AM symbiosis. Inoculation of AM fungi also affects the metabolism of endogenous PAs in host plants, including PAs synthesis and catabolism, thus, regulating various physiological events of the host. As a result, there seems to be a dialogue between PAs and AM fungi. Existing knowledge makes us understand that endogenous or exogenous PAs are an important regulator factor in the growth of AM fungi, as well as a key substance to colonize roots, which further enhances mycorrhizal benefits in plant growth responses and root architecture. The presence of AM symbiosis in roots alters the dynamic balance of endogenous PAs, triggering osmotic adjustment and antioxidant defense systems, maintaining charge balance and acting as a stress signalling molecule, which affects various physiological activities, such as plant growth, nutrient acquisition, stress tolerance and improvement of root architecture. This review mainly elucidated (i) what is the role of fungal endogenous PAs in fungal growth and colonization of roots in host plants? (ii) how AM fungi and PAs interact with each other to alter the growth of fungi and plants and subsequent activities, providing the reference for the future combined use of AM fungi and PAs in agricultural production, although there are still many unknown events in the dialogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Min Liang
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, 434025, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Feng-Ling Zheng
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, 434025, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, 434025, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
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14
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Kolupaev YE, Kokorev AI, Dmitriev AP. Polyamines: Involvement in Cellular Signaling and Plant Adaptation to the Effect of Abiotic Stressors. CYTOL GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452722020062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Unravelling the multi-faceted regulatory role of polyamines in plant biotechnology, transgenics and secondary metabolomics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:905-929. [PMID: 35039927 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11748-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous low-molecular-weight, aliphatic compounds with wide as well as complex application in fundamental areas of plant growth and development. PAs are mediator of basic metabolism of organisms which include cell division and differentiation, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, reversal of oxidative damage, stabilization of nucleic acids, and protein and phospholipid binding. In plants, it attributes in direct and indirect organogenesis, endogenous phytohormone regulation, cellular compartmentalization, fruit and flower development, senescence, and secondary metabolite production which are highly tuned as first line of defense response. There are several aspects of polyamine-directed mechanism that regulate overall plant growth in vitro and in vivo. In the present review, we have critically discussed the role played by polyamine on the enhanced production of bioactive natural products and how the same polyamines are functioning against different environmental stress conditions, i.e., salinity, drought, high CO2 content, herbivory, and physical wounding. The role of polyamines on elicitation process has been highlighted previously, but it is important to note that its activity as growth regulator under in vitro condition is correlated with an array of intertwined mechanism and physiological tuning. Medicinal plants under different developmental stages of micropropagation are characterized with different functional aspects and regulatory changes during embryogenesis and organogenesis. The effect of precursor molecules as well as additives and biosynthetic inhibitors of polyamines in rhizogenesis, callogenesis, tuberization, embryogenesis, callus formation, and metabolite production has been discussed thoroughly. The beneficial effect of exogenous application of PAs in elicitation of secondary metabolite production, plant growth and morphogenesis and overall stress tolerance are summarized in this present work. KEY POINTS: • Polyamines (PAs) play crucial roles in in vitro organogenesis. • PAs elicitate bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs). • Transgenic studies elucidate and optimize PA biosynthetic genes coding SMs.
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16
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Ma S, Zhou X, Jahan MS, Guo S, Tian M, Zhou R, Liu H, Feng B, Shu S. Putrescine regulates stomatal opening of cucumber leaves under salt stress via the H 2O 2-mediated signaling pathway. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 170:87-97. [PMID: 34861587 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The stomatal aperture is imperative for photosynthesis in higher plants. The function of polyamines (PAs) in stomatal regulation under a stressful environment has not been fully determined. In this study, we demonstrated the mechanism by which putrescine (Put) regulates stomatal changes in cucumber leaves under salt stress. The results showed that foliar application of Put alleviated the decrease of stomatal aperture and photosynthesis caused by salt stress and promoted plant growth. Exogenous Put caused a significant increase in endogenous PAs and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels by 105.43% and 27.97%, respectively, while decreased abscisic acid (ABA) content by 67.68% under salt stress. However, application of inhibitors of aminoguanidine hydrochloride (AG), 1, 8-diaminooctane (1, 8-DO), diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) and salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) upregulated the 9-cis-cyclocarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) gene and downregulated the reduced glutathione synthetase (GSHS) gene. These inhibitors also decreased the stomatal aperture, levels of H2O2 and reduced glutathione (GSH), but increased the ABA content under salt stress and Put treatment conditions. The order of influence is AG > 1, 8-DO > DPI > SHAM. However, Put-induced downregulation of ABA content and upregulation of GSH content under salt stress were effectively blocked by N, N'-dimethylthiourea (DMTU, H2O2 scavenger) and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB, GSH scavenger) treatments. Taken together, these results suggest that Put induced the formation of H2O2 signaling mediates the degradation of PAs by diamine oxidase (DAO), increasing GSH content and inhibiting the accumulation of ABA in leaves, thereby promoting stomatal opening in salt-stressed cucumber leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siguang Ma
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xinpeng Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mohammad Shah Jahan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian, 223800, China
| | - Mimi Tian
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ranran Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Bingjie Feng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian, 223800, China.
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17
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Spermine-Mediated Tolerance to Selenium Toxicity in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Depends on Endogenous Nitric Oxide Synthesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111835. [PMID: 34829706 PMCID: PMC8614684 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess selenium (Se) causes toxicity, and nitric oxide (NO)’s function in spermine (Spm)-induced tolerance to Se stress is unknown. Using wheat plants exposed to 1 mM sodium selenate—alone or in combination with either 1 mM Spm, 0.1 mM NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or 0.1 mM NO scavenger cPTIO—the potential beneficial effects of these compounds to palliate Se-induced stress were evaluated at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. Se-treated plants accumulated Se in their roots (92%) and leaves (95%) more than control plants. Furthermore, Se diminished plant growth, photosynthetic traits and the relative water content and increased the levels of malondialdehyde, H2O2, osmolyte and endogenous NO. Exogenous Spm significantly decreased the levels of malondialdehyde by 28%, H2O2 by 37% and electrolyte leakage by 42%. Combined Spm/NO treatment reduced the Se content and triggered plant growth, photosynthetic traits, antioxidant enzymes and glyoxalase systems. Spm/NO also upregulated MTP1, MTPC3 and HSP70 and downregulated TaPCS1 and NRAMP1 (metal stress-related genes involved in selenium uptake, translocation and detoxification). However, the positive effects of Spm on Se-stressed plants were eliminated by the NO scavenger. Accordingly, data support the notion that Spm palliates selenium-induced oxidative stress since the induced NO elicits antioxidant defence upregulation but downregulates Se uptake and translocation. These findings pave the way for potential biotechnological approaches to supporting sustainable wheat crop production in selenium-contaminated areas.
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Kamiab F, Tavassolian I, Hosseinifarahi M. Biologia futura: the role of polyamine in plant science. Biol Futur 2021; 71:183-194. [PMID: 34554509 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-020-00027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are positively charged amines such as putrescine, spermidine and spermine that ubiquitously exist in all organisms. They have been considered as a new type of plant biostimulants, with pivotal roles in many physiological processes. Polyamine levels are controlled by intricate regulatory feedback mechanisms. PAs are directly or indirectly regulated through interaction with signaling metabolites (H202, NO), aminobutyric acid (GABA), phytohormones (abscisic acid, gibberellins, ethylene, cytokinins, auxin, jasmonic acid and brassinosteroids) and nitrogen metabolism (maintaining the balance of C:N in plants). Exogenous applications of PAs enhance the stress resistance, flowering and fruit set, synthesis of bioactive compounds and extension of agricultural crops shelf life. Up-regulation of PAs biosynthesis by genetic manipulation can be a novel strategy to increase the productivity of agricultural crops. Recently, the role of PAs in symbiosis relationships between plants and beneficial microorganisms has been confirmed. PA metabolism has also been targeted to design new harmless fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Kamiab
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Iraj Tavassolian
- Research and Technology Institute of Plant Production, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hosseinifarahi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran
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19
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Sandalio LM, Peláez-Vico MA, Molina-Moya E, Romero-Puertas MC. Peroxisomes as redox-signaling nodes in intracellular communication and stress responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:22-35. [PMID: 33587125 PMCID: PMC8154099 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are redox nodes playing a diverse range of roles in cell functionality and in the perception of and responses to changes in their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
- Author for communication:
| | - Maria Angeles Peláez-Vico
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Eliana Molina-Moya
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Maria C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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20
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Kokorev AI, Kolupaev YE, Yastreb TO, Horielova EI, Dmitriev AP. Realization of Polyamines’ Effect on the State of Pea Stomata with the Involvement of Calcium and Components of Lipid Signaling. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721020079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Goyal V, Jhanghel D, Mehrotra S. Emerging warriors against salinity in plants: Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulphide. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:896-908. [PMID: 33665834 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The agriculture sector is vulnerable to various environmental stresses, which significantly affect plant growth, performance, and development. Abiotic stresses, such as salinity and drought, cause severe losses in crop productivity worldwide. Soil salinity is a major stress suppressing plant development through osmotic stress accompanied by ion toxicity, nutritional imbalance, and oxidative stress. Various defense mechanisms like osmolytes accumulations, activation of stress-induced genes, and transcription factors, production of plant growth hormones, accumulation of antioxidants, and redox defense system in plants are responsible for combating salt stress. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) have emerged as novel bioactive gaseous signaling molecules that positively impact seed germination, homeostasis, plant metabolism, growth, and development, and are involved in several plant acclimation responses to impart stress tolerance in plants. NO and H2 S trigger cell signaling by activating a cascade of biochemical events that result in plant tolerance to environmental stresses. NO- and H2 S-mediated signaling networks, interactions, and crosstalks facilitate stress tolerance in plants. Research on the roles and mechanisms of NO and H2 S as challengers of salinity is entering an exponential exploration era. The present review focuses on the current knowledge of the mechanisms of stress tolerance in plants and the role of NO and H2 S in adaptive plant responses to salt stress and provides an overview of the signaling mechanisms and interplay of NO and H2 S in the regulation of growth and development as well as modulation of defense responses in plants and their long term priming effects for imparting salinity tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Goyal
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Dharmendra Jhanghel
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Shweta Mehrotra
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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22
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Spermine: Its Emerging Role in Regulating Drought Stress Responses in Plants. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020261. [PMID: 33525668 PMCID: PMC7912026 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research on spermine (Spm) has turned up a lot of new information about this essential polyamine, especially as it is able to counteract damage from abiotic stresses. Spm has been shown to protect plants from a variety of environmental insults, but whether it can prevent the adverse effects of drought has not yet been reported. Drought stress increases endogenous Spm in plants and exogenous application of Spm improves the plants' ability to tolerate drought stress. Spm's role in enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms, glyoxalase systems, methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification, and creating tolerance for drought-induced oxidative stress is well documented in plants. However, the influences of enzyme activity and osmoregulation on Spm biosynthesis and metabolism are variable. Spm interacts with other molecules like nitric oxide (NO) and phytohormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, and ethylene, to coordinate the reactions necessary for developing drought tolerance. This review focuses on the role of Spm in plants under severe drought stress. We have proposed models to explain how Spm interacts with existing defense mechanisms in plants to improve drought tolerance.
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23
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Bharath P, Gahir S, Raghavendra AS. Abscisic Acid-Induced Stomatal Closure: An Important Component of Plant Defense Against Abiotic and Biotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:615114. [PMID: 33746999 PMCID: PMC7969522 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.615114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a stress hormone that accumulates under different abiotic and biotic stresses. A typical effect of ABA on leaves is to reduce transpirational water loss by closing stomata and parallelly defend against microbes by restricting their entry through stomatal pores. ABA can also promote the accumulation of polyamines, sphingolipids, and even proline. Stomatal closure by compounds other than ABA also helps plant defense against both abiotic and biotic stress factors. Further, ABA can interact with other hormones, such as methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA). Such cross-talk can be an additional factor in plant adaptations against environmental stresses and microbial pathogens. The present review highlights the recent progress in understanding ABA's multifaceted role under stress conditions, particularly stomatal closure. We point out the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive carbonyl species (RCS), nitric oxide (NO), and Ca2+ in guard cells as key signaling components during the ABA-mediated short-term plant defense reactions. The rise in ROS, RCS, NO, and intracellular Ca2+ triggered by ABA can promote additional events involved in long-term adaptive measures, including gene expression, accumulation of compatible solutes to protect the cell, hypersensitive response (HR), and programmed cell death (PCD). Several pathogens can counteract and try to reopen stomata. Similarly, pathogens attempt to trigger PCD of host tissue to their benefit. Yet, ABA-induced effects independent of stomatal closure can delay the pathogen spread and infection within leaves. Stomatal closure and other ABA influences can be among the early steps of defense and a crucial component of plants' innate immunity response. Stomatal guard cells are quite sensitive to environmental stress and are considered good model systems for signal transduction studies. Further research on the ABA-induced stomatal closure mechanism can help us design strategies for plant/crop adaptations to stress.
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Nephali L, Moodley V, Piater L, Steenkamp P, Buthelezi N, Dubery I, Burgess K, Huyser J, Tugizimana F. A Metabolomic Landscape of Maize Plants Treated With a Microbial Biostimulant Under Well-Watered and Drought Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:676632. [PMID: 34149776 PMCID: PMC8210945 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.676632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbial plant biostimulants have been successfully applied to improve plant growth, stress resilience and productivity. However, the mechanisms of action of biostimulants are still enigmatic, which is the main bottleneck for the fully realization and implementation of biostimulants into the agricultural industry. Here, we report the elucidation of a global metabolic landscape of maize (Zea mays L) leaves in response to a microbial biostimulant, under well-watered and drought conditions. The study reveals that the increased pool of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) intermediates, alterations in amino acid levels and differential changes in phenolics and lipids are key metabolic signatures induced by the application of the microbial-based biostimulant. These reconfigurations of metabolism gravitate toward growth-promotion and defense preconditioning of the plant. Furthermore, the application of microbial biostimulant conferred enhanced drought resilience to maize plants via altering key metabolic pathways involved in drought resistance mechanisms such as the redox homeostasis, strengthening of the plant cell wall, osmoregulation, energy production and membrane remodeling. For the first time, we show key molecular events, metabolic reprogramming, activated by a microbial biostimulant for plant growth promotion and defense priming. Thus, these elucidated metabolomic insights contribute to ongoing efforts in decoding modes of action of biostimulants and generating fundamental scientific knowledgebase that is necessary for the development of the plant biostimulants industry, for sustainable food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lerato Nephali
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Venessa Moodley
- International Research and Development Division, Omnia Group, Ltd., Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lizelle Piater
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Paul Steenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nombuso Buthelezi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ian Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Karl Burgess
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Johan Huyser
- International Research and Development Division, Omnia Group, Ltd., Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Fidele Tugizimana
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- International Research and Development Division, Omnia Group, Ltd., Johannesburg, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Fidele Tugizimana,
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25
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Agurla S, Sunitha V, Raghavendra AS. Methyl salicylate is the most effective natural salicylic acid ester to close stomata while raising reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in Arabidopsis guard cells. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 157:276-283. [PMID: 33152646 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Modulation by salicylic acid (SA) and its six esters of stomatal closure was evaluated in Arabidopsis thaliana. The seven compounds tested are salicylic acid (SA), acetylsalicylate (ASA), methyl salicylate (MeSA), propyl salicylate (PrSA), amyl salicylate, benzyl salicylate, and salicin. Among these, MeSA was the most effective to induce stomatal closure, followed by salicin and SA, while ASA was the least effective. Since SA, ASA, and MeSA could modulate plant function, the effects of these three compounds on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or nitric oxide (NO) in guard cells were studied. MeSA and SA raised the content of ROS or NO in as with ABA. The extent of ROS/NO production in response to ASA was the lowest. Reversal by cPTIO or catalase of stomatal closure by MeSA indicated the essentiality of NO and ROS for stomatal closure. Further studies revealed peroxidase as the ROS source during stomatal closure by MeSA, unlike the dominant role of NADPH oxidase in ROS production induced by ABA. The rise in NO production by ABA or MeSA was dependent on nitrate reductase and NO synthase-like enzyme. Given its most effective nature, MeSA can be an excellent tool to examine the signaling components in guard cells and other plant tissues. The ability of MeSA to induce stomatal closure is physiologically relevant because of its volatile nature, stability, and systemic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Agurla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Vaidya Sunitha
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Agepati S Raghavendra
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
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26
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Adamipour N, Khosh-Khui M, Salehi H, Razi H, Karami A, Moghadam A. Regulation of stomatal aperture in response to drought stress mediating with polyamines, nitric oxide synthase and hydrogen peroxide in Rosa canina L. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1790844. [PMID: 32657206 PMCID: PMC8550291 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1790844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To assess the role of genes involved in polyamines synthesis, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), copper amine oxidase activity (CuAO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in regulation of stomatal aperture to drought stress in Rosa canina L., a study was performed at three irrigating levels (25%, 50%, and 100% field capacity) with three replications at 1, 3, 6 and 12 days. The results showed that putrescine (Put) accumulation occurred under both 50% and 25% FC at 1 d. Furthermore, the role of the Put direct biosynthesis pathway ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was more effective under 50% FC whereas in the 25% FC the Put indirect production pathway (agmatine iminohydrolase (AIH), N-carbamoyl putrescine amidohydrolase (CPA) and arginine decarboxylase (ADC)) was more effective. HPLC results showed that the accumulation of spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) is consistent with the expression of S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), spermidine synthase (SPDS) and spermine synthase (SPMS) genes. Spd accumulation under both 50% and 25% FC occurred on the 3 d and then decreased in the other days. Spm content showed an increasing trend from 6 d under 50% FC and from 3 d under 25% FC. Our results suggest that among the measured polyamines, Put oxidation through CuAO activity increased resulted in an increase in H2O2 production. The H2O2 accumulation also as a secondary messenger led to enhance in NOS gene expression. Increase in NOS gene expression can act as a signal resulting in stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Adamipour
- Department of Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Khosh-Khui
- Department of Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Salehi
- Department of Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hooman Razi
- Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akbar Karami
- Department of Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Moghadam
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Ahmed IM, Nadira UA, Qiu CW, Cao F, Chen ZH, Vincze E, Wu F. The Barley S-Adenosylmethionine Synthetase 3 Gene HvSAMS3 Positively Regulates the Tolerance to Combined Drought and Salinity Stress in Tibetan Wild Barley. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061530. [PMID: 32585935 PMCID: PMC7349212 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought and salinity are two of the most frequently co-occurring abiotic stresses. Despite recent advances in the elucidation of the effects of these stresses individually during the vegetative stage of plants, significant gaps exist in our understanding of the combined effects of these two frequently co-occurring stresses. Here, Tibetan wild barley XZ5 (drought tolerant), XZ16 (salt tolerant), and cultivated barley cv. CM72 (salt tolerant) were subjected to drought (D), salinity (S), or a combination of both treatments (D+S). Protein synthesis is one of the primary activities of the green part of the plant. Therefore, leaf tissue is an important parameter to evaluate drought and salinity stress conditions. Sixty differentially expressed proteins were identified by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF) and classified into 9 biological processes based on Gene Ontology annotation. Among them, 21 proteins were found to be expressed under drought or salinity alone; however, under D+S, 7 proteins, including S-adenosylmethionine synthetase 3 (SAMS3), were exclusively upregulated in drought-tolerant XZ5 but not in CM72. HvSAMS3 carries both N-terminal and central domains compared with Arabidopsis and activates the expression of several ethylene (ET)-responsive transcription factors. HvSAMS3 is mainly expressed in the roots and stems, and HvSAMS3 is a secretory protein located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm. Barley stripe mosaic virus-based virus-induced gene silencing (BSMV-VIGS) of HvSAMS3 in XZ5 severely compromised its tolerance to D+S and significantly reduced plant growth and K+ uptake. The reduced tolerance to the combined stress was associated with the inhibition of polyamines such as spermidine and spermine, polyamine oxidase, ethylene, biotin, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, the exogenous application of ethylene and biotin improved the tolerance to D+S in BSMV-VIGS:HvSAMS3-inoculated plants. Our findings highlight the significance of HvSAMS3 in the tolerance to D+S in XZ5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imrul Mosaddek Ahmed
- Department of Agronomy and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.M.A.); (U.A.N.); (C.-W.Q.); (F.C.)
- Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Umme Aktari Nadira
- Department of Agronomy and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.M.A.); (U.A.N.); (C.-W.Q.); (F.C.)
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Agronomy and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.M.A.); (U.A.N.); (C.-W.Q.); (F.C.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Fangbin Cao
- Department of Agronomy and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.M.A.); (U.A.N.); (C.-W.Q.); (F.C.)
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia;
| | - Eva Vincze
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Fosøgsvej 1, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark;
| | - Feibo Wu
- Department of Agronomy and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.M.A.); (U.A.N.); (C.-W.Q.); (F.C.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-8898-2827
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Tao MQ, Jahan MS, Hou K, Shu S, Wang Y, Sun J, Guo SR. Bitter Melon ( Momordica charantia L.) Rootstock Improves the Heat Tolerance of Cucumber by Regulating Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Defense Pathways. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E692. [PMID: 32485835 PMCID: PMC7356966 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
High temperature is considered a critical abiotic stressor that is increasing continuously, which is severely affecting plant growth and development. The use of heat-resistant rootstock grafting is a viable technique that is practiced globally to improve plant resistance towards abiotic stresses. In this experiment, we explored the efficacy of bitter melon rootstock and how it regulates photosynthesis and the antioxidant defense system to alleviate heat stress (42 °C/32 °C) in cucumber. Our results revealed that bitter-melon-grafted seedlings significantly relieved heat-induced growth inhibition and photoinhibition, maintained better photosynthesis activity, and accumulated a greater biomass than self-grafted seedlings. We measured the endogenous polyamine and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents to determine the inherent mechanism responsible for these effects, and the results showed that heat stress induced a transient increase in polyamines and H2O2 in the inner courtyard of grafted seedlings. This increment was greater and more robust in bitter-melon-grafted seedlings. In addition, the use of polyamine synthesis inhibitors MGBG (methylglyoxal bis-guanylhydrazone) and D-Arg (D-arginine), further confirmed that the production of H2O2 under heat stress is mediated by the accumulation of endogenous polyamines. Moreover, compared with other treatments, the bitter-melon-grafted seedlings maintained high levels of antioxidant enzyme activity under high temperature conditions. However, these activities were significantly inhibited by polyamine synthesis inhibitors and H2O2 scavengers (dimethylthiourea, DMTU), indicating that bitter melon rootstock not only maintained better photosynthetic activity under conditions of high temperature stress but also mediated the production of H2O2 through the regulation of the high level of endogenous polyamines, thereby boosting the antioxidant defense system and comprehensively improving the heat tolerance of cucumber seedlings. Taken together, these results indicate that grafting with a resistant cultivar is a promising alternative tool for reducing stress-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Qi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.-Q.T.); (M.S.J.); (K.H.); (S.S.); (Y.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Mohammad Shah Jahan
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.-Q.T.); (M.S.J.); (K.H.); (S.S.); (Y.W.); (J.S.)
- Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Kun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.-Q.T.); (M.S.J.); (K.H.); (S.S.); (Y.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.-Q.T.); (M.S.J.); (K.H.); (S.S.); (Y.W.); (J.S.)
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.-Q.T.); (M.S.J.); (K.H.); (S.S.); (Y.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.-Q.T.); (M.S.J.); (K.H.); (S.S.); (Y.W.); (J.S.)
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China
| | - Shi-Rong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.-Q.T.); (M.S.J.); (K.H.); (S.S.); (Y.W.); (J.S.)
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China
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Killiny N, Nehela Y. Citrus Polyamines: Structure, Biosynthesis, and Physiological Functions. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040426. [PMID: 32244406 PMCID: PMC7238152 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous biogenic amines found in all living organisms from bacteria to Archaea, and Eukaryotes including plants and animals. Since the first description of putrescine conjugate, feruloyl-putrescine (originally called subaphylline), from grapefruit leaves and juice, many research studies have highlighted the importance of PAs in growth, development, and other physiological processes in citrus plants. PAs appear to be involved in a wide range of physiological processes in citrus plants; however, their exact roles are not fully understood. Accordingly, in the present review, we discuss the biosynthesis of PAs in citrus plants, with an emphasis on the recent advances in identifying and characterizing PAs-biosynthetic genes and other upstream regulatory genes involved in transcriptional regulation of PAs metabolism. In addition, we will discuss the recent metabolic, genetic, and molecular evidence illustrating the roles of PAs metabolism in citrus physiology including somatic embryogenesis; root system formation, morphology, and architecture; plant growth and shoot system architecture; inflorescence, flowering, and flowering-associated events; fruit set, development, and quality; stomatal closure and gas-exchange; and chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis. We believe that the molecular and biochemical understanding of PAs metabolism and their physiological roles in citrus plants will help citrus breeding programs to enhance tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses and provide bases for further research into potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Killiny
- Citrus Research and Education Center and Department of Plant Pathology, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-863-956-8833
| | - Yasser Nehela
- Citrus Research and Education Center and Department of Plant Pathology, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA;
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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30
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Tian W, Huang D, Geng B, Zhang Q, Feng J, Zhu S. Regulation of the biosynthesis of endogenous nitric oxide and abscisic acid in stored peaches by exogenous nitric oxide and abscisic acid. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2136-2144. [PMID: 31884697 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) and abscisic acid (ABA) are important regulators of plant response to cold stress, and they interact in response to cold signals. The primary goal of this study was to determine the roles of exogenous NO and ABA on the synthesis of endogenous NO and ABA in cold-stored peach fruit. RESULTS Exogenous NO and ABA maintained a relatively high content of NO, increased nitrate reductase (NR) activity, and inhibited the activity of NO synthase (NOS)-like and the levels of polyamine biosynthesis in peaches during cold storage. Treatments of potassium 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (c-PTIO), NO, N-nitro-l-Arg-methyl ester (L -NAME), and sodium tungstate did not influence ABA content. Exogenous ABA increased the content of carotenoids and the activities of aldehyde oxidase (AO), 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED), and zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) of ABA synthesis in peaches during cold storage, and upregulated the gene expression of PpAO1, PpNCED1, PpNCED2, and PpZEP. The production of endogenous NO was differentially inhibited by NO scavengers, ABA inhibitors, and NR inhibitors, but not affected by NOS-like inhibitors during cold storage. CONCLUSION Exogenous NO and ABA can induce endogenous NO synthesis in cold-stored peaches by the nitrate reductase pathway, and ABA can mediate endogenous ABA synthesis by the autocatalytic reaction. NO does not regulate ABA synthesis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tian
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Dandan Huang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Biao Geng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Qitong Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Jianrong Feng
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Shuhua Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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Combined Kinetin and Spermidine Treatments Ameliorate Growth and Photosynthetic Inhibition in Vigna angularis by Up-Regulating Antioxidant and Nitrogen Metabolism under Cadmium Stress. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010147. [PMID: 31963299 PMCID: PMC7022836 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the probable beneficial role of the individual as well as combined application of kinetin (50 μM Kn) and spermidine (200 μM Spd) on Vigna angularis under cadmium (Cd) stress. Cd treatment reduced growth by declining the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, photosynthesis, and gas exchange parameters. Exogenously, Kn and Spd application enhanced the photosynthetic parameters and up-regulated the antioxidant system by improving the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the content of non-enzymatic components. In addition, the application of Kn and Spd resulted in significant improvement in the content of sugars, proline, and glycine betaine, ameliorating the decline in relative water content. Oxidative stress parameters including hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, lipid peroxidation, lipoxygenase activity, and electrolyte leakage increased due to Cd stress; however, the application of Kn and Spd imparted a significant decline in all these parameters. Further, reduced Cd uptake was also observed due to Kn and Spd application. Total phenols and flavonoids also increased due to Kn and Spd treatments under normal as well as Cd stress conditions, which may have further helped with the elimination of reactive oxygen species. Reduction in the activity of nitrate reductase and the content of nitrogen was ameliorated due to the exogenous application of Kn and Spd. Therefore, the exogenous application of Kn and Spd benefited Vigna angularis counteracting the damaging effects of Cd stress by up-regulating the tolerance mechanisms, including antioxidant and osmolyte metabolism.
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32
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Soliman M, Alhaithloul HA, Hakeem KR, Alharbi BM, El-Esawi M, Elkelish A. Exogenous Nitric Oxide Mitigates Nickel-Induced Oxidative Damage in Eggplant by Upregulating Antioxidants, Osmolyte Metabolism, and Glyoxalase Systems. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E562. [PMID: 31805747 PMCID: PMC6963868 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) at optimal levels is considered beneficial to plant functioning. The present study was carried out to investigate the role of exogenously applied NO (100 and 150 µM sodium nitropurusside, SNP) in amelioration of nickel (Ni)-mediated oxidative effects in eggplant. Ni stress declined growth and biomass production, relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll pigment synthesis, thereby affecting the photosynthetic efficiency. Exogenously applied SNP proved beneficial in mitigating the Ni-mediated growth restrictions. NO-treated seedlings exhibited improved photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content with the effect of being apparent at lower concentration (100 µM SNP). SNP upregulated the antioxidant system mitigating the oxidative damage on membranes due to Ni stress. The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase was upregulated due to SNP which also increased the ascorbate and reduced glutathione content. SNP-supplied seedlings also showed higher proline and glycine betaine accumulation, thereby improving RWC and antioxidant system. Glyoxalase I activity was induced due to SNP application declining the accumulation of methylglyoxal. NO-mediated mitigation of Ni toxicity was confirmed using NO scavenger (PTIO, 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide), which reversed the influence of SNP almost entirely on the parameters studied. Uptake of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) was increased due to SNP application and Ni was reduced significantly. Therefore, this study revealed the efficiency of exogenous SNP in enhancing Ni stress tolerance through upregulating antioxidant and glyoxalase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Haifa A. Alhaithloul
- Department of Biology, College of science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah M. Alharbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
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Ahanger MA, Qin C, Maodong Q, Dong XX, Ahmad P, Abd Allah EF, Zhang L. Spermine application alleviates salinity induced growth and photosynthetic inhibition in Solanum lycopersicum by modulating osmolyte and secondary metabolite accumulation and differentially regulating antioxidant metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 144:1-13. [PMID: 31542655 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Influence of exogenously applied spermine (Spm) on growth and salinity stress tolerance in tomato was investigated. Salinity reduced growth, chlorophyll synthesis and mineral uptake leading to significant reduction in photosynthesis, however Spm application proved beneficial in alleviating the decline to considerable extent. Applied Spm improved nitrate reductase activity, δ-amino levulinic acid content and gas exchange parameters more apparently at 100 μM than 50 μM concentrations. Spm application enhanced the accumulation of compatible osmolytes including proline, glycine betaine and sugars leading to greater tissue water content and photosynthesis. Salinity stress induced oxidative effects were mitigated by Spm treatment reflected interms of reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the activities of protease and lipoxygenase, hence leading to membrane strengthening and protection of their function. Differential influence of exogenous Spm was evident on the functioning of antioxidant system with SOD, GR and APX activities much higher in Spm treated seedlings than CAT and DHAR. Increased synthesis of GSH, AsA and tocopherol in Spm treated seedlings was obvious thereby helping in maintaining the redox homeostasis and the enzymatic antioxidant functioning. Interestingly Spm application maintained the nitric oxide levels higher than control under normal condition while as lowered its concentrations in salinity stressed seedlings depicting existence of probable interaction. Activities of polyamine metabolizing enzymes was up-regulated and the accumulation of secondary metabolites including phenols and flavonoids also increased due to Spm application. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms clearly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cheng Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Maodong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Xue Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lixin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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Corpas FJ, González-Gordo S, Cañas A, Palma JM. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide in plants: which comes first? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4391-4404. [PMID: 30715479 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signal molecule regarded as being involved in myriad functions in plants under physiological, pathogenic, and adverse environmental conditions. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has also recently been recognized as a new gasotransmitter with a diverse range of functions similar to those of NO. Depending on their respective concentrations, both these molecules act synergistically or antagonistically as signals or damage promoters in plants. Nevertheless, available evidence shows that the complex biological connections between NO and H2S involve multiple pathways and depend on the plant organ and species, as well as on experimental conditions. Cysteine-based redox switches are prone to reversible modification; proteomic and biochemical analyses have demonstrated that certain target proteins undergo post-translational modifications such as S-nitrosation, caused by NO, and persulfidation, caused by H2S, both of which affect functionality. This review provides a comprehensive update on NO and H2S in physiological processes (seed germination, root development, stomatal movement, leaf senescence, and fruit ripening) and under adverse environmental conditions. Existing data suggest that H2S acts upstream or downstream of the NO signaling cascade, depending on processes such as stomatal closure or in response to abiotic stress, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - Salvador González-Gordo
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - Amanda Cañas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
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Sun LR, Yue CM, Hao FS. Update on roles of nitric oxide in regulating stomatal closure. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:e1649569. [PMID: 31370725 PMCID: PMC6768244 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1649569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) as an important secondary messager plays crucial roles in modulating stomatal movement, especially abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure. Accumulating evidence indicates that NO positively and negatively regulates guard cell ABA signaling. NO is also implicated in stomatal closure mediated by hydrogen sulfide, small peptides, polyamines, and methyl jasmonate. In this review, we summarize recent advances on the roles and the underlying mechanisms of NO in regulating stomatal closure in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Rong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Cai Meng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Fu Shun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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36
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Corpas FJ, Del Río LA, Palma JM. Plant peroxisomes at the crossroad of NO and H 2 O 2 metabolism. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 61:803-816. [PMID: 30609289 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant peroxisomes are subcellular compartments involved in many biochemical pathways during the life cycle of a plant but also in the mechanism of response against adverse environmental conditions. These organelles have an active nitro-oxidative metabolism under physiological conditions but this could be exacerbated under stress situations. Furthermore, peroxisomes have the capacity to proliferate and also undergo biochemical adaptations depending on the surrounding cellular status. An important characteristic of peroxisomes is that they have a dynamic metabolism of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNS and ROS) which generates two key molecules, nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). These molecules can exert signaling functions by means of post-translational modifications that affect the functionality of target molecules like proteins, peptides or fatty acids. This review provides an overview of the endogenous metabolism of ROS and RNS in peroxisomes with special emphasis on polyamine and uric acid metabolism as well as the possibility that these organelles could be a source of signal molecules involved in the functional interconnection with other subcellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Luis A Del Río
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
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The Copper Amine Oxidase AtCuAOδ Participates in Abscisic Acid-Induced Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8060183. [PMID: 31226798 PMCID: PMC6630932 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant copper amine oxidases (CuAOs) are involved in wound healing, defense against pathogens, methyl-jasmonate-induced protoxylem differentiation, and abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure. In the present study, we investigated the role of the Arabidopsis thaliana CuAOδ (AtCuAOδ; At4g12290) in the ABA-mediated stomatal closure by genetic and pharmacological approaches. Obtained data show that AtCuAOδ is up-regulated by ABA and that two Atcuaoδ T-DNA insertional mutants are less responsive to this hormone, showing reduced ABA-mediated stomatal closure and H2O2 accumulation in guard cells as compared to the wild-type (WT) plants. Furthermore, CuAO inhibitors, as well as the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenger N,N1-dimethylthiourea, reversed most of the ABA-induced stomatal closure in WT plants. Consistently, AtCuAOδ over-expressing transgenic plants display a constitutively increased stomatal closure and increased H2O2 production compared to WT plants. Our data suggest that AtCuAOδ is involved in the H2O2 production related to ABA-induced stomatal closure.
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Wang W, Paschalidis K, Feng JC, Song J, Liu JH. Polyamine Catabolism in Plants: A Universal Process With Diverse Functions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:561. [PMID: 31134113 PMCID: PMC6513885 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyamine (PA) catabolic processes are performed by copper-containing amine oxidases (CuAOs) and flavin-containing PA oxidases (PAOs). So far, several CuAOs and PAOs have been identified in many plant species. These enzymes exhibit different subcellular localization, substrate specificity, and functional diversity. Since PAs are involved in numerous physiological processes, considerable efforts have been made to explore the functions of plant CuAOs and PAOs during the recent decades. The stress signal transduction pathways usually lead to increase of the intracellular PA levels, which are apoplastically secreted and oxidized by CuAOs and PAOs, with parallel production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Depending on the levels of the generated H2O2, high or low, respectively, either programmed cell death (PCD) occurs or H2O2 is efficiently scavenged by enzymatic/nonenzymatic antioxidant factors that help plants coping with abiotic stress, recruiting different defense mechanisms, as compared to biotic stress. Amine and PA oxidases act further as PA back-converters in peroxisomes, also generating H2O2, possibly by activating Ca2+ permeable channels. Here, the new research data are discussed on the interconnection of PA catabolism with the derived H2O2, together with their signaling roles in developmental processes, such as fruit ripening, senescence, and biotic/abiotic stress reactions, in an effort to elucidate the mechanisms involved in crop adaptation/survival to adverse environmental conditions and to pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Konstantinos Paschalidis
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Jian-Can Feng
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Agurla S, Gahir S, Munemasa S, Murata Y, Raghavendra AS. Mechanism of Stomatal Closure in Plants Exposed to Drought and Cold Stress. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1081:215-232. [PMID: 30288712 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1244-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the abiotic stresses which impairs the plant growth/development and restricts the yield of many crops throughout the world. Stomatal closure is a common adaptation response of plants to the onset of drought condition. Stomata are microscopic pores on the leaf epidermis, which regulate the transpiration/CO2 uptake by leaves. Stomatal guard cells can sense various abiotic and biotic stress stimuli from the internal and external environment and respond quickly to initiate closure under unfavorable conditions. Stomata also limit the entry of pathogens into leaves, restricting their invasion. Drought is accompanied by the production and/or mobilization of the phytohormone, abscisic acid (ABA), which is well-known for its ability to induce stomatal closure. Apart from the ABA, various other factors that accumulate during drought and affect the stomatal function are plant hormones (auxins, MJ, ethylene, brassinosteroids, and cytokinins), microbial elicitors (salicylic acid, harpin, Flg 22, and chitosan), and polyamines . The role of various signaling components/secondary messengers during stomatal opening or closure has been a matter of intense investigation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) , nitric oxide (NO) , cytosolic pH, and calcium are some of the well-documented signaling components during stomatal closure. The interrelationship and interactions of these signaling components such as ROS, NO, cytosolic pH, and free Ca2+ are quite complex and need further detailed examination.Low temperatures can have deleterious effects on plants. However, plants evolved protection mechanisms to overcome the impact of this stress. Cold temperature inhibits stomatal opening and causes stomatal closure. Cold-acclimated plants often exhibit marked changes in their lipid composition, particularly of the membranes. Cold stress often leads to the accumulation of ABA, besides osmolytes such as glycine betaine and proline. The role of signaling components such as ROS, NO, and Ca2+ during cold acclimation is yet to be established, though the effects of cold stress on plant growth and development are studied extensively. The information on the mitigation processes is quite limited. We have attempted to describe consequences of drought and cold stress in plants, emphasizing stomatal closure. Several of these factors trigger signaling components in roots, shoots, and atmosphere, all leading to stomatal closure. A scheme is presented to show the possible signaling events and their convergence and divergence of action during stomatal closure. The possible directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Agurla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shashibhushan Gahir
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Agepati S Raghavendra
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
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Chen D, Shao Q, Yin L, Younis A, Zheng B. Polyamine Function in Plants: Metabolism, Regulation on Development, and Roles in Abiotic Stress Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 9:1945. [PMID: 30687350 PMCID: PMC6335389 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are low molecular weight aliphatic nitrogenous bases containing two or more amino groups. They are produced by organisms during metabolism and are present in almost all cells. Because they play important roles in diverse plant growth and developmental processes and in environmental stress responses, they are considered as a new kind of plant biostimulant. With the development of molecular biotechnology techniques, there is increasing evidence that PAs, whether applied exogenously or produced endogenously via genetic engineering, can positively affect plant growth, productivity, and stress tolerance. However, it is still not fully understood how PAs regulate plant growth and stress responses. In this review, we attempt to cover these information gaps and provide a comprehensive and critical assessment of the published literature on the relationships between PAs and plant flowering, embryo development, senescence, and responses to several (mainly abiotic) stresses. The aim of this review is to summarize how PAs improve plants' productivity, and to provide a basis for future research on the mechanism of action of PAs in plant growth and development. Future perspectives for PA research are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingsong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianghong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Adnan Younis
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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Tailor A, Tandon R, Bhatla SC. Nitric oxide modulates polyamine homeostasis in sunflower seedling cotyledons under salt stress. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1667730. [PMID: 31526102 PMCID: PMC6804711 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1667730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Free polyamine (PA) titers in plants may be regulated through reversible conjugate formation and/or through modulation of their synthesis, transport and degradation. PA signaling involves the well-acknowledged signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO), which functions in diverse biological processes. Present investigations demonstrate the influence of salt stress (120 mM NaCl) and exogenous NO donor (250 µM Diethylenetriamine, DETA) on PA homeostasis of 2 d old, etiolated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seedling cotyledons as a long-distance signaling response. Significantly enhanced intracellular spermine (Spm) accumulation was observed in seedling cotyledons under salt stress and in response to NO donor, the increase being more pronounced in seedlings treated with NO, evidently as a result of upregulation of the PA biosynthetic enzymes - arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) - as revealed by Western blot and confocal imaging (CLSM). Moreover, salt stress induced the activity of polyamine oxidase (PAO), a PA catabolic enzyme, while NO lowered its activity in salt-stressed seedling cotyledons. NO, thus, appears to assist the seedlings in adapting to salt stress by positively regulating PA homeostasis through regulation of PA distribution between free, conjugated and bound forms, increased accumulation of PA biosynthetic enzymes and lowering the rate of PA catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Tailor
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Tandon
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Satish C. Bhatla
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- CONTACT Satish C. Bhatla Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Černý M, Habánová H, Berka M, Luklová M, Brzobohatý B. Hydrogen Peroxide: Its Role in Plant Biology and Crosstalk with Signalling Networks. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2812. [PMID: 30231521 PMCID: PMC6163176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is steadily gaining more attention in the field of molecular biology research. It is a major REDOX (reduction⁻oxidation reaction) metabolite and at high concentrations induces oxidative damage to biomolecules, which can culminate in cell death. However, at concentrations in the low nanomolar range, H₂O₂ acts as a signalling molecule and in many aspects, resembles phytohormones. Though its signalling network in plants is much less well characterized than are those of its counterparts in yeast or mammals, accumulating evidence indicates that the role of H₂O₂-mediated signalling in plant cells is possibly even more indispensable. In this review, we summarize hydrogen peroxide metabolism in plants, the sources and sinks of this compound and its transport via peroxiporins. We outline H₂O₂ perception, its direct and indirect effects and known targets in the transcriptional machinery. We focus on the role of H₂O₂ in plant growth and development and discuss the crosstalk between it and phytohormones. In addition to a literature review, we performed a meta-analysis of available transcriptomics data which provided further evidence for crosstalk between H₂O₂ and light, nutrient signalling, temperature stress, drought stress and hormonal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Černý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Habánová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Brno Ph.D. Talent, South Moravian Centre for International Mobility, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Berka
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Markéta Luklová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Břetislav Brzobohatý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Biophysics AS CR, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Gong X, Dou F, Cheng X, Zhou J, Zou Y, Ma F. Genome-wide identification of genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis and the role of exogenous polyamines in Malus hupehensis Rehd. under alkaline stress. Gene 2018; 669:52-62. [PMID: 29800731 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) in plants are growth substrates with functions similar to phytohormones. Although they contribute to diverse processes, little is known about their role in stress responses, especially for perennial woody plants. We conducted a genome-wide investigation of 18 sequences involved in PA biosynthesis in the genome of apple (Malus domestica). Further analysis was performed to construct a phylogenetic tree, analyze their protein motifs and gene structures. In addition, we developed their expression profiles in response to stressed conditions. Both MDP0000171041 (MdSAMDC1) and MDP0000198590 (MdSPDS1) were induced by alkaline, salt, ABA, cold, and dehydration stress treatments, suggesting that these genes are the main contributors to activities of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.50) and spermidine synthase (EC 2.5.1.16) in apple. Changes in PA biosynthesis under stress conditions indicated that spermidine and spermine are more essential than putrescine for apple, especially when responding to alkaline or salt stress. When seedlings of M. hupehensis Rehd. were supplied with exogenous PAs, their leaves showed less chlorosis under alkaline stress when compared with untreated plants. This application also inhibited the decline in SPAD levels and reduced relative electrolyte leakage in those stressed seedlings, while increasing their concentration of active iron. These results suggest that the alteration in PA biosynthesis confers enhanced tolerance to alkaline stress in M. hupehensis Rehd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fangfang Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yangjun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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