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Koochakpour K, Nytrø Ø, Leventhal BL, Sverre Westbye O, Brox Røst T, Koposov R, Frodl T, Clausen C, Stien L, Skokauskas N. A review of information sources and analysis methods for data driven decision aids in child and adolescent mental health services. Int J Med Inform 2024; 188:105479. [PMID: 38761460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical data analysis relies on effective methods and appropriate data. Recognizing distinctive clinical services and service functions may lead to improved decision-making. Our first objective is to categorize analytical methods, data sources, and algorithms used in current research on information analysis and decision support in child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). Our secondary objective is to identify the potential for data analysis in different clinical services and functions in which data-driven decision aids can be useful. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched related studies in Science Direct and PubMed from 2018 to 2023(Jun), and also in ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) Digital Library, DBLP (Database systems and Logic Programming), and Google Scholar from 2018 to 2021. We have reviewed 39 studies and extracted types of analytical methods, information content, and information sources for decision-making. RESULTS In order to compare studies, we developed a framework for characterizing health services, functions, and data features. Most data sets in reviewed studies were small, with a median of 1,176 patients and 46,503 record entries. Structured data was used for all studies except two that used textual clinical notes. Most studies used supervised classification and regression. Service and situation-specific data analysis dominated among the studies, only two studies used temporal, or process features from the patient data. This paper presents and summarizes the utility, but not quality, of the studies according to the care situations and care providers to identify service functions where data-driven decision aids may be relevant. CONCLUSIONS Frameworks identifying services, functions, and care processes are necessary for characterizing and comparing electronic health record (EHR) data analysis studies. The majority of studies use features related to diagnosis and assessment and correspondingly have utility for intervention planning and follow-up. Profiling the disease severity of referred patients is also an important application area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaban Koochakpour
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Øystein Nytrø
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway; Department of Computer Science, The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Odd Sverre Westbye
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU Central Norway), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Roman Koposov
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Tromsø, Norway
| | - Thomas Frodl
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Carolyn Clausen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU Central Norway), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Line Stien
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU Central Norway), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Norbert Skokauskas
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU Central Norway), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Abdalla T, Preen DB, Pole JD, Walwyn T, Bulsara M, Ives A, Choong CS, Ohan JL. Psychiatric disorders in childhood cancer survivors: A retrospective matched cohort study of inpatient hospitalisations and community-based mental health services utilisation in Western Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2024; 58:515-527. [PMID: 38404162 PMCID: PMC11128143 DOI: 10.1177/00048674241233871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the impact of long-term mental health outcomes on healthcare services utilisation among childhood cancer survivors in Western Australia using linked hospitalisations and community-based mental healthcare records from 1987 to 2019. METHOD The study cohort included 2977 childhood cancer survivors diagnosed with cancer at age < 18 years in Western Australia from 1982 to 2014 and a matched non-cancer control group of 24,994 individuals. Adjusted hazard ratios of recurrent events were estimated using the Andersen-Gill model. The cumulative burden of events over time was assessed using the method of mean cumulative count. The annual percentage change in events was estimated using the negative binomial regression model. RESULTS The results showed higher community-based service contacts (rate/100 person-years: 30.2, 95% confidence interval = [29.7-30.7] vs 22.8, 95% confidence interval = [22.6-22.9]) and hospitalisations (rate/1000 person-years: 14.8, 95% confidence interval = [13.6-16.0] vs 12.7, 95% confidence interval = [12.3-13.1]) in childhood cancer survivors compared to the control group. Childhood cancer survivors had a significantly higher risk of any event (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.5, 95% confidence interval = [1.1-2.0]). The cumulative burden of events increased with time since diagnosis and across age groups. The annual percentage change for hospitalisations and service contacts significantly increased over time (p < 0.05). Substance abuse was the leading cause of hospitalisations, while mood/affective and anxiety disorders were common causes of service contacts. Risk factors associated with increased service events included cancer diagnosis at age < 5 years, leukaemia diagnosis, high socioeconomic deprivation, and an attained age of < 18 years. CONCLUSIONS The elevated utilisation of healthcare services observed among childhood cancer survivors emphasises the need for periodic assessment of psychiatric disorders, particularly in high-risk survivors, to facilitate early management and optimise healthcare resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasnim Abdalla
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David B Preen
- School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jason D Pole
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Thomas Walwyn
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology and Haematology, Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Max Bulsara
- School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Angela Ives
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Catherine S Choong
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Jeneva L Ohan
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Woode ME, Chen G. The Relative Importance and Performance of Key Life Domains on Global Life Satisfaction in Early Adolescents. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2024; 27:767-775. [PMID: 38428814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relative importance of key life domains of early adolescents and to explore the heterogeneities across age cohorts and countries at different levels of economic development. METHODS The repeated cross-sectional survey data for 10 countries (England, Israel, Romania, Norway, Malta, Nepal, Estonia, Ethiopia, South Korea, and Germany) from the second (2013-2014) and third (2016-2019) waves of the International Survey of Children's Well-Being study were used. Early adolescents from the 10- and 12-year age groups were included. A total of 14 key life domains were investigated on their influence to the global life satisfaction. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used and an importance-performance map analysis was conducted. RESULTS A total of 23 732 respondents in wave 2 (49% from 10-year-old group) and 22 265 respondents in wave 3 (50% from 10-year-old group) were studied. On average, possessions and safety are the top 2 most important domains within the second wave for 10-year-olds. However, when split based on country-income groups, health comes out on top for low-to-middle-income countries followed by possessions, with safety domain ranking much lower at seventh. For the 12-year-old group, possessions and safety rank highest on average irrespective of the country's level of income. Although areas of priority varied across countries, future came out as one of the most important areas adolescents considered needing improvement across age groups and over time. CONCLUSION Findings from this study revealed substantial heterogeneity across nations and provide important information for prioritizing policy implementation to improve subjective well-being among early adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maame Esi Woode
- Centre for Health Economics, Monash Business School, Monash University, Caulfield East, VIC, Australia
| | - Gang Chen
- Centre for Health Economics, Monash Business School, Monash University, Caulfield East, VIC, Australia.
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Kern M, Glatz T, Mall MA, Seybold J, Kurth T, Mockenhaupt FP, Theuring S. Health-related quality of life and impact of socioeconomic status among primary and secondary school students after the third COVID-19 wave in Berlin, Germany. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302995. [PMID: 38722991 PMCID: PMC11081372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In the earlier phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, studies in Germany and elsewhere found an overall reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among students. However, there is little evidence on later pandemic stages as well as socioeconomic influencing factors. We aimed to (1) describe HRQoL in a Berlin student cohort at two time points in mid-2021, and to (2) analyze the effects of household income and education. We assessed HRQoL of students from 24 randomly selected primary and secondary schools in Berlin, Germany, with the KIDSCREEN-10 index in June and September 2021. To adjust for non-response bias, inverse probability weighting was applied. The potential effects of both household income and education (lower vs. higher) were estimated in generalized linear mixed models, based on prior assumptions presented in directed acyclic graphs. Our cohort comprised 660 students aged 7-19 years. In June 2021, 11.3% [95% CI = 9.0% - 14.0%] reported low HRQoL, whereas in September 2021, this increased to 13.7% [95% CI = 11.1% - 16.5%], with adolescent girls more frequently reporting low HRQoL at both time points (20% [95% CI = 17.1% - 23.3%] and 29% [95% CI = 25.5% - 32.5%]) compared to boys and younger children. While there was no statistically significant total effect of lower household income on HRQoL, a negative effect of lower household education was statistically significant (β = -2.15, SE 0.95, 95% CI = -4.01 to -0.29, p = 0.024). In summary, students' HRQoL in mid-2021 was better than that documented in other studies conducted at pandemic onset using KIDSCREEN-10. Female adolescents reported low HRQoL more often, and lower household education significantly reduced children's HRQoL. Support strategies for psychosocial wellbeing should consider socioeconomically disadvantaged children as important target groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mascha Kern
- Institute of Public Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of International Health, Charité Center for Global Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Toivo Glatz
- Institute of Public Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Associated Partner, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Seybold
- Medical Directorate, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Kurth
- Institute of Public Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank P. Mockenhaupt
- Institute of International Health, Charité Center for Global Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Theuring
- Institute of International Health, Charité Center for Global Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Brushett S, de Kroon MLA, Katsas K, Engel O, Reijneveld SA, Linos A. Healthy diets positively associated with health-related quality of life in children and adolescents from low socioeconomic areas: Findings from the Greek Food Aid Program, DIATROFI. Nutrition 2024; 121:112367. [PMID: 38428360 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the relationship of diet with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in vulnerable children and adolescents. METHODS Data included 6583 children and adolescents (aged 3-18 years old) from the Greek Food-Aid DIATROFI Program in the 2015 to 2016 and 2017 to 2018 school years. HRQoL was measured with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory questionnaire and diet with food frequency questionnaires. The healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI), animal score, and dietary patterns were investigated. RESULTS The hPDI and animal score were associated with good HRQoL (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval], 10-unit increase: ORhPDI = 1.28 [1.05, 1.57], ORanimal = 1.51 [1.14, 2.00]) and physical (ORanimal = 1.62 [1.23, 2.13]), emotional (ORhPDI = 1.30 [1.07, 1.58], ORanimal = 1.41 [1.08, 1.85]) and school function (ORhPDI = 1.32 [1.09, 1.59], ORanimal = 1.46 [1.12, 1.89]). Dietary patterns of fruits, raw vegetables, and cheese were associated with good HRQoL (OR of 1-unit increase: 1.22 [1.13, 1.32]), and physical OR = 1.18 [1.09, 1.27]) and emotional function (OR = 1.09 [1.02, 1.18]). Starchy foods and sweetened beverages were associated with poor HRQoL (OR = 0.75 [0.63, 0.90]), and emotional (OR = 0.80 [0.68, 0.95]) and school function (OR = 0.72 [0.61, 0.85]). CONCLUSION Healthy diets and dietary patterns were positively associated with the HRQoL of vulnerable children and adolescents, which may offer opportunities for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Brushett
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health PROLEPSIS, Athens, Greece.
| | - M L A de Kroon
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Environment and Health, Youth Health Care, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Katsas
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health PROLEPSIS, Athens, Greece; Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - O Engel
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - S A Reijneveld
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A Linos
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health PROLEPSIS, Athens, Greece
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von Steinbuechel N, Zeldovich M, Timmermann D, Krenz U, Koerte IK, Bonfert MV, Berweck S, Kieslich M, Henrich M, Brockmann K, Buchheim A, Roediger M, Lendt M, Auer C, Neu A, Kaiser A, Driemeyer J, Greving S, Wartemann U, Pinggera D, Thomé C, Suss J, Muehlan H, Cunitz K. Final Validation of the Quality of Life after Brain Injury for Children and Adolescents (QOLIBRI-KID/ADO) Questionnaire. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:438. [PMID: 38671655 PMCID: PMC11049366 DOI: 10.3390/children11040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Until recently, no disease-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaire existed for pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). In this revalidation study, the psychometric properties and the validity of the 35-item QOLIBRI-KID/ADO questionnaire in its final German version were examined in 300 children and adolescents. It is the first self-reported TBI-specific tool for measuring pediatric HRQoL in individuals aged between 8 and 17 years. The six-factor model fits the data adequately. The questionnaire's internal consistency was excellent for the total score and satisfactory to excellent for the scale scores. Intraclass correlations indicated good test-retest reliability, and the measure's construct validity was supported by the overlap between the QOLBRI-KID/ADO and the PedsQL, which measures generic HRQoL. The discriminant validity tests showed that older children and girls reported a significantly lower HRQoL than comparison groups, and this was also true of children who were anxious or depressed, or who suffered from post-concussion symptoms, replicating the results of the questionnaire's first developmental study. Our results suggest that the QOLIBRI-KID/ADO is a reliable and valid multidimensional tool that can be used together with the adult version in clinical contexts and research to measure disease-specific HRQoL after pediatric TBI throughout a person's life. This may help improve care, treatment, daily functioning, and HRQoL after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole von Steinbuechel
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (N.v.S.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Marina Zeldovich
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (N.v.S.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Timmermann
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Division of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Waldweg 37A, 37073 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Ugne Krenz
- University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (U.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Inga K. Koerte
- cBRAIN/Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian University Hospital, LMU University, Nussbaumstrasse 5, 80336 Munich, Germany;
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Mass General Brigham, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michaela V. Bonfert
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, LMU Center for Development and Children with Medical Complexity, Dr. Von Hauner Children’s Hospital, LMU University Hospital, Haydnstr. 5, 80336 Munich, Germany;
| | - Steffen Berweck
- Specialist Center for Paediatric Neurology, Neurorehabilitation and Epileptology, Schoen Klinik, Krankenhausstraße 20, 83569 Vogtareuth, Germany;
| | - Matthias Kieslich
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hospital of Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (M.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Marlene Henrich
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hospital of Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (M.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Knut Brockmann
- Interdisciplinary Pediatric Center for Children with Developmental Disabilities and Severe Chronic Disorders, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Anna Buchheim
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (N.v.S.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Maike Roediger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, General Pediatrics, Intensive Care Medicine and Neonatology & Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Michael Lendt
- Neuropediatrics, St. Mauritius Therapeutic Clinic, Strümper Straße 111, 40670 Meerbusch, Germany;
| | - Christian Auer
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4020 Linz, Austria;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kepler Univesity Hospital GmbH, Wagner-Jauregg-Weg 15, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Axel Neu
- Department of Neurology and Neuropediatry, VAMED Klinik Geesthacht GmbH, Johannes-Ritter-Straße 100, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; (A.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Alexander Kaiser
- Department of Neurology and Neuropediatry, VAMED Klinik Geesthacht GmbH, Johannes-Ritter-Straße 100, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; (A.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Joenna Driemeyer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Sven Greving
- University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (U.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Ulrike Wartemann
- Department of Neuropediatrics, VAMED Klinik Hohenstücken GmbH, Brahmsstraße 38, 14772 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany;
| | - Daniel Pinggera
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (D.P.); (C.T.)
| | - Claudius Thomé
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (D.P.); (C.T.)
| | - Joachim Suss
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Wilhelmstift Catholic Children’s Hospital, Liliencronstraße 130, 22149 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Holger Muehlan
- Department of Health and Prevention, University of Greifswald, Robert-Blum-Str. 13, 17487 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Katrin Cunitz
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (N.v.S.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
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Mudiyanselage SB, Wanni Arachchige Dona S, Angeles MR, Majmudar I, Marembo M, Tan EJ, Price A, Watts JJ, Gold L, Abimanyi-Ochom J. The impact of maternal health on child's health outcomes during the first five years of child's life in countries with health systems similar to Australia: A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295295. [PMID: 38457392 PMCID: PMC10923423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The first five years of life is an important developmental period that establishes the foundation for future health and well-being. Mothers play a primary role in providing emotional and physical nourishment during early childhood. This systematic review aims to explore the association between maternal health and child health in the first five years of the child's life. MATERIALS AND METHODS As primary aims, we systematically synthesised published evidence relating to the first five years of life for associations between maternal health exposures (mental, physical and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and child health outcomes (physical health, mental health, HRQoL and Health Service Use (HSU) /cost). As a secondary aim, we explored how the above associations vary between disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged populations. The search was limited to studies that published and collected data from 2010 to 2022. The systematic review was specific to countries with similar health systems to Australia. The search was conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, GLOBAL HEALTH, and EMBASE databases. The quality of the included studies was assessed by The Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) tool. RESULTS Thirteen articles were included in the final synthesis from the identified 9439 articles in the primary search. Six (46%) explored the association between maternal mental health and child's physical health, two (15%) explored maternal and child's physical health, one (8%) explored maternal and child's mental health, one (8%) explored maternal physical health and child's HRQoL, and three (23%) explored maternal mental health and child's HSU. We found an association between maternal health and child health (physical and mental) and HSU outcomes but no association between maternal health and child's overall HRQoL. The results for disadvantaged communities did not show any difference from the general population. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our review findings show that maternal health influences the child's health in the first five years. However, the current evidence is limited, and the findings were primarily related to a specific maternal or child's health condition. There was no evidence of associations of child health outcomes in healthy mothers. There is an extensive research gap investigating maternal health exposures and child outcomes in quality of life and overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalika Bohingamu Mudiyanselage
- School of Health and Social Development and Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sithara Wanni Arachchige Dona
- School of Health and Social Development and Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Mary Rose Angeles
- School of Health and Social Development and Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ishani Majmudar
- School of Health and Social Development and Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Miriam Marembo
- Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Education, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eng Joo Tan
- Monash University Health Economics Group (MUHEG), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna Price
- Centre for Community Child Health, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Population Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer J. Watts
- School of Health and Social Development and Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lisa Gold
- School of Health and Social Development and Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Julie Abimanyi-Ochom
- School of Health and Social Development and Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Reiß F, Behn S, Erhart M, Strelow L, Kaman A, Ottová-Jordan V, Bilz L, Moor I, Ravens-Sieberer U. Subjective health and psychosomatic complaints of children and adolescents in Germany: Results of the HBSC study 2009/10 - 2022. JOURNAL OF HEALTH MONITORING 2024; 9:7-22. [PMID: 38559686 PMCID: PMC10977472 DOI: 10.25646/11868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Subjective health and well-being are important health indicators in childhood and adolescence. This article shows current results and trends over time between 2009/10 and 2022. Methods The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study examined subjective health, life satisfaction and psychosomatic complaints of N = 21,788 students aged 11 to 15 years in the school years 2009/10, 2013/14, 2017/18 and in the calendar year 2022. Multivariate regression analyses show the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and well-being in 2022, as well as trends since 2009/10. Results The majority of children and adolescents indicate a good subjective health and high life satisfaction. About half of the girls and one third of the boys report multiple psychosomatic health complaints, with a clear increase over time. Older adolescents, girls and gender diverse adolescents are at an increased risk of poor well-being. Subjective health and life satisfaction varied between 2009/10 and 2022, with a significant deterioration between 2017/18 and 2022. Conclusions The high proportion of children and adolescents with psychosomatic complaints, as well as the observed gender and age differences, underline the need for target group-specific prevention, health promotion and continuous health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Reiß
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Research Section Child Public Health, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steven Behn
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Research Section Child Public Health, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Erhart
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Research Section Child Public Health, Hamburg, Germany
- Alice Salomon University of Applied Sciences Berlin, Health and Rehabilitation Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisa Strelow
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Research Section Child Public Health, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kaman
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Research Section Child Public Health, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Ottová-Jordan
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Research Section Child Public Health, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ludwig Bilz
- Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Institute of Health, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Irene Moor
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Medical Faculty, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences (PZG), Institute of Medical Sociology, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Research Section Child Public Health, Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Deckert A, Runge-Ranzinger S, Banaschewski T, Horstick O, Elwishahy A, Olarte-Peña M, Faber C, Müller T, Brugnara L, Thom J, Mauz E, Peitz D. Mental health indicators for children and adolescents in OECD countries: a scoping review. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1303133. [PMID: 38414565 PMCID: PMC10898649 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1303133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This scoping review is a further step to build up the Mental Health Surveillance System for Germany. It summarizes and analyzes indicators used or described in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries for public mental health monitoring in children and adolescents aged 0-18 years. Methods We searched PubMed-MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Databases, and Google Scholar from 2000 to September 2022. The search used five general keyword categories: 1) "indicators/monitoring/surveillance" at the population level, 2) "mental/psychological," 3) "health/disorders," 4) "children and adolescents," and 5) 38 OECD countries. The search was complemented with an extensive grey literature search, including OECD public health institutions and an internet search using Google. A predefined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria was applied. Results Over 15,500 articles and documents were screened (scientific search N = 10,539, grey literature search more than 5,000). More than 700 articles and documents have been full-text assessed, with 382 being ultimately included. Out of 7,477 indicators extracted, an initial set of 6,426 indicators met our inclusion criteria for indicators. After consolidating duplicates and similar content, this initial set was categorized into 19 topics, resulting in a final set of 210 different indicators. The analysis highlighted an increasing interest in the topic since 2008, but indicators for the younger age, particularly those aged 0 to 2 years, were less readily available. Conclusion Our research provides a comprehensive understanding of the current state of mental health indicators for children and adolescents, identifying both (1) indicators of public mental health noted in a previous scoping review on adults and (2) new indicators specific to this age group. These findings contribute to the development of effective public health surveillance strategies for children and adolescents and inform future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Deckert
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Runge-Ranzinger
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters Zentralinstituts für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Olaf Horstick
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abdelrahman Elwishahy
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margarita Olarte-Peña
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- evaplan GmbH am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Faber
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Brugnara
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- evaplan GmbH am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Thom
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elvira Mauz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Peitz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Sivertsen B, O'Connor RC, Nilsen SA, Heradstveit O, Askeland KG, Bøe T, Hysing M. Mental health problems and suicidal behavior from adolescence to young adulthood in college: linking two population-based studies. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:421-429. [PMID: 36843045 PMCID: PMC10869414 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that mental health problems are highly recurrent and persistent from childhood to adolescence, but less is known to what extent mental health problems also persist from adolescence into young adulthood. The aim of the current study was therefore to examine the chronicity and risk of mental health problems and suicidality from adolescence to young adulthood. Data stem from two Norwegian population-based studies conducted 6 years apart; the youth@hordaland study from 2012 (age 16-19) and the SHoT2018 study (age 22-25). These two data sources were linked to produce a longitudinal sample of 1257 individuals. A wide range of self-reported mental health and suicidality instruments (used both continuously and categorically) were analyzed using log-link binomial regression analysis, adjusting for age, sex, parental education, and financial problems. We found that high levels of mental health problems in late adolescence were a significant risk factor for reporting poor mental health 6 years later. Internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescence were associated with a 2.8-fold and 1.9-fold increased risk, respectively, of reporting a mental disorder 6 years later. Similarly, self-harm in adolescence was associated with a 2.1-fold increased risk of suicidal thoughts 6 years later. The magnitudes of the adjusted risk ratios were generally similar across the various mental health and suicidality measures used at the two assessment points. Adjustment for confounders did not, or only slightly, attenuate the risk ratios, and all associations remained statistically significant in the adjusted analyses. This longitudinal study provides new evidence of the chronicity of mental health problems and suicidality from adolescence to adulthood in Norway. The results emphasize the importance of early identification and timely interventions to reduce the prevalence and impact of mental health problems and suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse-Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway.
| | - Rory C O'Connor
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sondre Aasen Nilsen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ove Heradstveit
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristin Gärtner Askeland
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tormod Bøe
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mari Hysing
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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11
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Zengin D, Uzsen H, Ardahan Sevgili S, Bal Yılmaz H. The effect of COVID-19 fear level on nursing students' attitudes towards E-learning. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:874-884. [PMID: 36843001 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2182409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the educational, social, and psychological lives of children and young people. Many countries have transitioned to online education because of the pandemic. This study aimed to examine the levels of fear of nursing students about COVID-19 and their attitudes towards e-learning. This study was designed as a cross-sectional and descriptive study. The data were collected using the COVID-19 Phobia Scale and the Attitude Scale Towards E-learning. This research was conducted with nursing students (n = 301) who received online education due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The students' mean COVID-19 Phobia Scale score was 49.26 ± 15.88; the mean Attitude Scale Towards E-learning score was 59.46 ± 17.00, and a significantly positive relationship was found between the participants' scores on both scales (r = 0.122; p < 0.034). The COVID-19 pandemic has caused students to experience psychological and social problems. It is essential to have sufficient infrastructure to effectively maintain online education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Zengin
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hatice Uzsen
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Health Sciences Faculty, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | | | - Hatice Bal Yılmaz
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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12
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Kercher A, Beattie S, Donkin L, Shepherd D. Distress, waitlists and unmet needs: parents' reports of child psychological difficulties in Aotearoa New Zealand. Aust N Z J Public Health 2024; 48:100120. [PMID: 38215533 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Demand for children's mental health services has increased in New Zealand, yet little is known of young children's experience of psychological difficulties and treatment. This study investigated psychological symptoms and treatment experiences among primary-aged children. METHOD An online survey of parents assessed children's anxiety, depression, attentional, emotional, conduct and peer problems, and experiences seeking psychological treatment. RESULTS Based on 382 parental reports, between 24.9 and 34.6% of children experienced abnormal-range symptoms. Older children had higher distress, depression, and anxiety. Boys had more conduct, hyperactivity, and peer problems. Ethnicity was not associated with the incidence of symptoms, but parents of Pākeha/European children reported greater impact than Māori parents. One-third of children had been referred for assessment; more often older children, and those with higher hyperactivity, impact, and anxiety. Parents reported difficulties accessing assessment, common barriers included waitlists (53%), cost (43%), and not knowing who to contact (36%). Following intervention, only 51% of parents reported improvements. CONCLUSION NZ primary-aged children are experiencing more symptoms of psychological distress than previously reported and extensive difficulties accessing treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH There is a need for further screening and increased access to treatment to prevent worsening mental health outcomes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Kercher
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand.
| | - Seona Beattie
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
| | - Liesje Donkin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Shepherd
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
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13
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Kim J, Scott R. Cross-Sectional and Descriptive Study on the Challenges and Awareness of Hispanic Parents Regarding Their Adolescents' Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:279. [PMID: 38275559 PMCID: PMC10815894 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Research has shown that during the COVID-19 pandemic, approximately 20% of children and adolescents in the United States experienced mental health issues that became a significant social concern. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the majority of adolescents maintain positive emotions despite the crisis. This cross-sectional and descriptive study delves into the emotional states of adolescents during the pandemic, considering the viewpoints of both adolescents and their parents, with a specific focus on Hispanic adolescents. Survey results revealed that most adolescents reported positive and happy moods. However, a percentage of adolescents experienced worry, significant changes in feelings, and loneliness as a result of the physical and social isolation associated with virtual learning. Unfortunately, most surveyed Hispanic parents did not adequately recognize their adolescents' mood changes well. This lack of awareness, caused by factors such as an insufficient understanding about the importance of adolescent mental health, cultural reasons, language barriers, low education, unstable jobs, and more, could lead to missed opportunities for timely mental health interventions. This study seeks to provide a comprehensive discussion on the mental health of adolescents, while also advocating for the emotional wellbeing of Hispanic adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Kim
- Department of Secondary and Middle Grades Education, Kennesaw State University, 580 Parliament Garden Way, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA
| | - Robyn Scott
- Department of Educational Leadership, Dalton Public Schools, 1922 W. Brookhaven Circle, Dalton, GA 30721, USA;
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14
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García-Campanario I, Viñolo Gil MJ, Vanlinthout LE, Pérez Pérez C, O’Ferrall González C. Gender Differences Regarding Self-Perceived Physical and Mental Health in Spanish University Sports and Physical Therapy Students after Termination of the COVID-19 Lockdown Period. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:191. [PMID: 38255079 PMCID: PMC10815373 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic was an unprecedented situation that raised concerns about the physical and mental health of adolescents. Several surveys demonstrated that post-lockdown, women reported more complaints and lower perceived quality of life compared to men. The aim of this study was to analyze gender differences in self-reported physical and mental health immediately after the second lock-down restrictions (July 2020 to December 2020) were suspended and physical exercise classes resumed after a break of several months. This was achieved using a comparative cross-sectional survey of over-18-year-old students from the faculties of Sports Science and Physical Therapy at the University of Cadiz (UCA) in Spain. Quality of life was assessed using two types of questionnaires. The first covered quality of nutrition (PREDIMED), and the second assessed emotional impact (SF12). Physical activity level was estimated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Of the 166 participants in this study, about two-thirds were men. Men had a better perception of their overall health quality than women. In addition, men had significantly fewer limitations in performing activities of daily living than their female counterparts. In contrast, female university students had better coping strategies, that is, they were better able to handle the problems of daily life and did so with more composure, attention, and concentration. These findings highlight the differences in post-release recovery between men and women and can be used to develop programs to promote better living standards and services to reduce gender disparities, which can ultimately improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael García-Campanario
- Grupo PAIDI UCA CTS391, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain;
| | - María Jesús Viñolo Gil
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation of Cádiz, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.V.G.); (C.O.G.)
| | - Luc E. Vanlinthout
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Carlos Pérez Pérez
- Grupo PAIDI UCA CTS391, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain;
| | - Cristina O’Ferrall González
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation of Cádiz, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.V.G.); (C.O.G.)
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15
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Berra S, Bernaschini ME, Mamondi V, Rajmil L. Gender differences in trajectories of health-related quality of life from childhood to adolescence in a 7-year follow-up study in a urban socially disadvantaged sample from Argentina. Qual Life Res 2024; 33:183-193. [PMID: 37736844 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03515-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The transition from childhood to adolescence is a period of developmental changes, with social influences. Few previous studies have analyzed changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during childhood and adolescence based on longitudinal studies in high-income countries. This study aimed to describe the evolution of HRQoL scores by gender in a school sample over a 7-year period in Argentina. METHODS Prospective cohort of children attending fourth grade in public schools. HRQoL was measured using the KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire. Trajectories of HRQoL were estimated for girls and boys through multilevel models, adjusted by socioeconomic status (SES). RESULTS The study began in 2014 with a sample of 494 school children, reaching an 85.6% response rate in 2016, 31.4% in 2018, and 41.9% in 2021. Most of the predicted scores are negatively associated with linear age or/and quadratic age, suggesting a decrease in scores over the 7-year follow-up. Interactions between gender and age denote an increase in the differences in scores between girls and boys over time in favor of the latter. For the Index, Physical Well-being, Psychological Well-being, Autonomy, Parent relations, Social support and peers and Financial resources, individuals with medium or high SES have significantly higher scores than those with low SES. CONCLUSIONS HRQoL scores decrease during the transition period from childhood to adolescence, with girls showing the greatest decrease. There were also socioeconomic inequalities in the evolution of HRQoL in a context characterized by social segregation and economic crisis, possibly aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Berra
- Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Av. Valparaíso s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
- Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - María Eugenia Bernaschini
- Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Av. Valparaíso s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
- Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía, Física y Computación, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Verónica Mamondi
- Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Luis Rajmil
- Pediatrician and Public Health Specialist. Retired, Barcelona, Spain
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Lu J, Ye Y, Lou J, Zhu H, Zhou X. Associations between unintentional injuries and deliberate self-harm behaviors of children and adolescents: A school-based cross-sectional survey. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2024; 86:67-74. [PMID: 38118378 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
While statistics from hospitals showed that the proportion of self-harm or attempted suicide kept growing among children and adolescents aged 6-17 attending the emergency department, cases of self-harm or attempted suicide dissimulated as accidents received scant attention or were neglected. This study aimed to examine associations between unintentional injuries subtypes and deliberate self-harm behaviors from a school-based large-scale survey. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Anhui, China, between November 2022 to January 2023. A total of 28,013 students (aged 11-17, 5th-12th grade) from 35 primary schools, 27 middle schools, and 6 high schools were included for the present study. Unintentional injuries in the past year of children and adolescents reported by parents. Self-harm behaviors in the past year of children and adolescents was measured with one question reported by students. Children and adolescents whose parents reported their contacts with sharp instruments demonstrated the highest risk for self-harm behaviors, followed by poisoning, exposure to electric current, falls, vehicle and traffic injuries, accidental drowning and submersion, and eating foreign bodies. And these associations distributed differently among children and adolescents reporting different frequencies of self-harm behaviors. Thus, we urge attention from parents, child caregivers, and teachers on children and adolescents experiencing certain types of unintentional injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Lu
- The Institute of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
| | - Ying Ye
- The Institute of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
| | - Jiaxue Lou
- The Institute of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
| | - Hui Zhu
- The Institute of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
| | - Xudong Zhou
- The Institute of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 68 Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.
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Pace CS, Muzi S, Frigerio A, Morganti W, Bianchi V, Rogier G. Twenty years of emotional-behavioral problems of community adolescents living in Italy measured through the Achenbach system of empirically based assessment (ASEBA): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1161917. [PMID: 38146284 PMCID: PMC10749347 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1161917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of emotional and behavioral problems among Italian community adolescents in the last 20 years, as assessed through the ASEBA questionnaires CBCL 6-18, YSR 11-18 and TRF 6-18. Research questions address: (1) pooled means of problems' scores in questionnaires scales; (2-3) variations in scores according to sociodemographic and time-related factors, and studies' quality; (4) trends in research with ASEBA instruments along with other outcomes, e.g., psychopathological symptoms. Methods A systematic literature review of Scopus, EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted on November, 2021, and of grey literature on December, 2021. The quality of studies was assessed through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results Forty-four studies were eligible for the systematic review, of which 34 were included for meta-analysis. Results showed that: (1) emotional-behavioral problems were higher when assessed by the CBCL and lower when assessed by the YSR compared to normative data; (2) there were no gender and age differences, except for higher scores of Anxious/Depression symptoms, in girls. (3) internalizing and attention problems increased over the last two decades. (4) major trends of Italian research investigate adolescents' emotional behavioral problems concerning attachment, comorbid symptoms, especially internet addictions, and eating disorders. Discussion Despite some limitations (e.g., low-medium quality of most studies, no data on the TRF, under-representation of some geographical areas, some search-related choices), these data provides Italian practitioners and international researchers of some parameter to evaluate Italian adolescents emotional-behavioral problems. Registered on PROSPERO N. CRD42022299999.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Serena Pace
- Department of Education Sciences, School of Social Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefania Muzi
- Department of Education Sciences, School of Social Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Frigerio
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Child Psychopathology Unit, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Wanda Morganti
- Department of Education Sciences, School of Social Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Victoria Bianchi
- Department of Education Sciences, School of Social Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Guyonne Rogier
- Department of Education Sciences, School of Social Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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Haraldstad K, Abildsnes E, Bøe T, Vigsnes KL, Wilson P, Mølland E. Health-related quality of life of children from low-income families: the new patterns study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2439. [PMID: 38057731 PMCID: PMC10702070 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child poverty has been gradually rising, and about 12% of all Norwegian children are living in a state of relative poverty. This study was part of the New Patterns project, which recruits low-income families requiring long-term welfare services. Included families receive integrated welfare services, with the help of a family coordinator. The current study objectives were to explore the associations between HRQoL, demographic variables (age, gender, immigration status) and leisure activities in children and adolescents in low-income families. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among low-income families. Participating families had children (N = 214) aged 8-18 years.The family had a household income below 60% of the equivalized median population income for three consecutive years and needed long-term welfare services. HRQoL was measured using the KIDSCREEN-27 self-report instrument. Descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations, and proportions, were calculated, and ordinary least squares regressions were performed, clustering standard errors at the family level. RESULTS Compared with boys, girls reported lower HRQoL on only one out of five dimensions, physical wellbeing. In the regression analysis we found statistically significant positive associations between migrant status and HRQoL on all five dimensions: physical wellbeing, psychological wellbeing, parents and autonomy, peers and social support, and school environment. In addition, age was associated with school environment, and age, gender and participation in leisure activities was associated with better physical wellbeing. CONCLUSIONS Baseline results regarding HRQoL among children and adolescents in low-income families indicate that they have overall good HRQoL, though some participants had low HRQoL scores, especially on the physical and social support dimensions. Children with an immigrant background report higher HRQoL than do children without an immigrant background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Haraldstad
- Department of Health and Nursing science, Faculty of Health and Sport Science, University of Agder, Agder, Norway.
| | - Eirik Abildsnes
- Department of Psychosocial Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Science, University of Agder, Agder, Norway
- Kristiansand Municipality, Agder, Norway
| | - Tormod Bøe
- Department of psychosocial science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- RKBU Vest, NORCE Norwegian Research Center, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristine L Vigsnes
- Kristiansand Municipality, Agder, Norway
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Science, University of Agder, Agder, Norway
| | - Philip Wilson
- Institute of Applied Health Science, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
- Centre for Research and Education in General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eirin Mølland
- Department of Economics and Finance, School of Business and Law, University of Agder, Agder, Norway
- NORCE, Norwegian Research Centre As, Bergen, Norway
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19
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Alozkan-Sever C, Uppendahl JR, Cuijpers P, de Vries R, Rahman A, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Akhtar A, Zheng Z, Sijbrandij M. Research Review: Psychological and psychosocial interventions for children and adolescents with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder in low- and middle-income countries - a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:1776-1788. [PMID: 37781856 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among children and adolescents residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) poses a significant public health concern. However, there is variation in the evidence of effective psychological interventions. This meta-analysis aims to provide a complete overview of the current body of evidence in this rapidly evolving field. METHODS We conducted searches on PubMed, Embase.com, and EBSCO/APA PsycInfo databases up to June 23, 2022, identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effectiveness of psychological interventions in LMICs that targeted children and adolescents with elevated symptoms above a cut-off score for depression, anxiety, and PTSD, comparing a psychological or psychosocial intervention with other control conditions. We conducted random effects meta-analyses for depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms. Sensitivity analysis for outliers and high-risk studies, and analyses for the publication bias were carried out. Subgroup analyses investigated how the intervention type, intervention format, the facilitator, study design, and age group of the participant predicted effect sizes. RESULTS Thirty-one RCTs (6,123 participants) were included. We found a moderate effect of interventions on depression outcomes compared to the control conditions (g = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.06-0.99; NNT = 6.09) with a broad prediction interval (PI) (-1.8 to 2.86). We found a moderate to large effect for interventions on anxiety outcomes (g = 0.88; 95% CI: -0.03 to 1.79; NNT = 3.32) with a broad PI (-3.14 to 4.9). Additionally, a moderate effect was observed on PTSD outcomes (g = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.19-0.9; NNT = 5.86) with a broad PI (-0.64 to 1.72). CONCLUSIONS Psychological and psychosocial interventions aimed at addressing depression, anxiety, and PTSD among children and adolescents in LMICs have demonstrated promising results. However, future studies should consider the variation in evidence and incorporate long-term outcomes to better understand the effectiveness of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Alozkan-Sever
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jana R Uppendahl
- Chair of Social Pediatrics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph de Vries
- Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Atif Rahman
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aemal Akhtar
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhuoli Zheng
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marit Sijbrandij
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Claes S, Vandepitte S, Annemans L. The evolution of the subjective well-being of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic period: the case of Belgium. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20074. [PMID: 37973803 PMCID: PMC10654729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic period on a nation's well-being remain inadequately understood, especially over time. Therefore, this research aims to map the changes in the subjective well-being (SWB) of the general Belgian adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyses of variances (ANOVA) were performed to evaluate the changes in SWB during the pandemic at five different time points during the period from February 2020 until December 2022 using repeated cross-sectional representative samples of the Belgian population. The differences over time in subjective well-being were investigated in terms of life evaluation, positive affect, and negative affect. The changes in autonomy, competence, relatedness, loneliness and peace of mind were also explored as explanatory variables. Moderation analyses were performed to investigate the differential changes in well-being for different age groups. Our results show the subjective well-being of the Belgian population decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, notably during the second lockdown and the fifth wave. Furthermore, younger individuals are significantly more susceptible to negative changes in well-being during the pandemic period. Finally, our results show that peace of mind is an important predictor of all SWB components during the pandemic. Based on these results several policy recommendations are formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Claes
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research (I-CHER), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Sophie Vandepitte
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research (I-CHER), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven Annemans
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research (I-CHER), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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21
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Pajek J, Mancini K, Murray M. COVID-19 and children's behavioral health: An overview. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 2023; 53:101491. [PMID: 38040607 DOI: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2023.101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The paper reviews the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's and adolescents' well-being. A trauma-informed framework is employed to discuss the emerging evidence of notable changes in youth's psychological, developmental, academic, and social well-being since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Children and adolescents have been uniquely affected based on their age at the start of the pandemic. Despite multiple resiliency factors, COVID-19 and its ramifications have had an adverse effect on youth in general and have exacerbated preexisting racial and socioeconomic disparities. This review concludes with recommendations for child health clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Pajek
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA.
| | - Kathryn Mancini
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Marsheena Murray
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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22
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Jozefiak T, L Wallander J, Lydersen S. Change Over 11-13 Year Periods in Quality of Life, Emotional Problems and Negative Stressful Life Events Among 13-17 Year Old Students. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023; 54:1415-1424. [PMID: 35338413 PMCID: PMC10435593 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Studies investigating changes in the general population over time concerning adolescent self-reported Quality of life (QoL) are sparse. The aim of this study is to investigate stability and change over more than a decade in self-reported QoL, emotional problems, and negative stressful life-events among students. Three large cross-sectional samples (N = 1032, 4744 and 3826) of 13-17-year-old adolescents attending public school in the Norwegian County of Trøndelag provide data, one from 2017 to 2019 and two from 11 and 13 years earlier. We analyzed linear and binary linear regression adjusted for age. We found few indications of large changes in overall QoL. The exception was a 50% increase in reported emotional problems in both girls and boys. Girls also reported an increase of sexually uncomfortable/abusive acts from peers from 3.7 to 7.0%. The observed changes must be addressed through public health interventions targeting school as an important arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jozefiak
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU Central Norway), Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU Central Norway), Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, MTFS, Pb 8905, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Jan L Wallander
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU Central Norway), Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, USA
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU Central Norway), Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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23
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Engels G, Oechsle AL, Schlegtendal A, Maier C, Holzwarth S, Streng A, Lange B, Karch A, Petersmann A, Streeck H, Blaschke-Steinbrecher S, Härtel C, Schroten H, von Kries R, Berner R, Liese J, Brinkmann F, Toepfner N. SARS-CoV-2 sero-immunity and quality of life in children and adolescents in relation to infections and vaccinations: the IMMUNEBRIDGE KIDS cross-sectional study, 2022. Infection 2023; 51:1531-1539. [PMID: 37280412 PMCID: PMC10243264 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study evaluates the effects on sero-immunity, health status and quality of life of children and adolescents after the upsurge of the Omicron variant in Germany. METHODS This multicenter cross-sectional study (IMMUNEBRIDGE Kids) was conducted within the German Network University Medicine (NUM) from July to October 2022. SARS-CoV-2- antibodies were measured and data on SARS-CoV-2 infections, vaccinations, health and socioeconomic factors as well as caregiver-reported evaluation on their children's health and psychological status were assessed. RESULTS 497 children aged 2-17 years were included. Three groups were analyzed: 183 pre-schoolchildren aged 2-4 years, 176 schoolchildren aged 5-11 years and 138 adolescents aged 12-18 years. Positive antibodies against the S- or N-antigen of SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 86.5% of all participants (70.0% [128/183] of pre-schoolchildren, 94.3% of schoolchildren [166/176] and 98.6% of adolescents [136/138]). Among all children, 40.4% (201/497) were vaccinated against COVID-19 (pre-schoolchildren 4.4% [8/183], schoolchildren 44.3% [78/176] and adolescents 83.3% [115/138]). SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was lowest in pre-school. Health status and quality of life reported by the parents were very positive at the time of the survey (Summer 2022). CONCLUSION Age-related differences on SARS-CoV-2 sero-immunity could mainly be explained by differences in vaccination rates based on the official German vaccination recommendations as well as differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in the different age groups. Health status and quality of life of almost all children were very good independent of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Registry for Clinical Trials Identifier Würzburg: DRKS00025546 (registration: 11.09.2021), Bochum: DRKS00022434 (registration:07.08.2020), Dresden: DRKS 00022455 (registration: 23.07.2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Engels
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Lisa Oechsle
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LMU Munich, Haydnstraße 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Schlegtendal
- Children's Hospital, Ruhr University of Bochum, Alexandrinenstrasse 5, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph Maier
- Children's Hospital, Ruhr University of Bochum, Alexandrinenstrasse 5, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sarah Holzwarth
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Streng
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Berit Lange
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), TI BBD, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Andre Karch
- Institute for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Astrid Petersmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Oldenburg, Rahel-Straus-Straße 10, 26133, Oldenburg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruchstrasse, 17475, Greifwald, Germany
| | - Hendrik Streeck
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 63, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Brunswick, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Härtel
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rüdiger von Kries
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LMU Munich, Haydnstraße 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Berner
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johannes Liese
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Folke Brinkmann
- Children's Hospital, Ruhr University of Bochum, Alexandrinenstrasse 5, 44791, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Lübeck, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nicole Toepfner
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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24
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Miller L, Butera NM, Ellsberg M, Baird S. Polyvictimization and Adolescent Health and Well-Being in Ethiopia: The Mediating Role of Resilience. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6755. [PMID: 37754614 PMCID: PMC10530940 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Interpersonal violence is a pervasive experience affecting one billion children and adolescents annually, resulting in adverse health and well-being outcomes. Evidence suggests that polyvictimization, the experience of multiple forms of violence, is associated with more harmful consequences for adolescents than experiencing individual types of violence, although data from low-and middle-income countries are limited. This study analyzed data on over 4100 adolescents from the Gender and Adolescence, Global Evidence Study in Ethiopia to examine the association between polyvictimization and adolescent mental and physical health and the mediating role of resilience using linear regression and path analysis. We hypothesized that adolescents experiencing polyvictimization would experience worse mental and physical health than those experiencing no types or individual types of victimization, and that resilience would mediate these relationships. Half of sampled girls and over half of boys experienced polyvictimization. Among both sexes, polyvictimization was associated with worse mental but not worse physical health. Resilience mediated the association between polyvictimization and mental health among girls only. Strengthening resilience among girls may be an effective avenue for mitigating polyvictimization's negative mental health effects, but additional research and programming for preventing and identifying polyvictimized adolescents and linking them to care is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lior Miller
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (M.E.); (S.B.)
| | - Nicole M. Butera
- The Biostatistics Center, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Mary Ellsberg
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (M.E.); (S.B.)
- Global Women’s Institute, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Sarah Baird
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (M.E.); (S.B.)
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25
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Maurer J, Meyrose AK, Kaman A, Mauz E, Ravens-Sieberer U, Reiss F. Socioeconomic Status, Protective Factors, and Mental Health Problems in Transition from Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood: Results of the Longitudinal BELLA Study. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01582-1. [PMID: 37632556 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Lower familial socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with more mental health problems in adolescence. The aim of this study was to identify factors that may protect adolescents from families with lower SES from developing mental health problems in emerging adulthood. Data of the population-based longitudinal BELLA study included n = 426 participants aged 13 to 17 years at t0 (2009-2012) and 18 to 24 years at t1 (2014-2017). Hierarchical multiple linear regressions with interaction terms were conducted, examining three selected protective factors (self-efficacy, family climate, and social support). Self-efficacy had a small protective effect for adolescents from families with lower SES for mental health problems in emerging adulthood. However, social support had a small protective effect for adolescents from families with higher SES. No moderating effect was found for family climate. Instead, better family climate in adolescents predicted fewer mental health problems in emerging adulthood with a small effect regardless the SES in adolescence. Results indicate the need for prevention measures for adolescents from families with lower SES for becoming mentally healthy emerging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Maurer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- Developmental and Educational Psychology, Helmut Schmidt University, University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Katrin Meyrose
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Helmut Schmidt University, University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kaman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elvira Mauz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Franziska Reiss
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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26
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Felfe C, Saurer J, Schneider P, Vornberger J, Erhart M, Kaman A, Ravens-Sieberer U. The youth mental health crisis: Quasi-experimental evidence on the role of school closures. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh4030. [PMID: 37595042 PMCID: PMC10438447 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh4030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the youth mental health crisis has reached unprecedented levels. To which extent school closures, one of the most heavily debated pandemic measures, have contributed to or even caused this crisis is largely unknown. We seek to narrow this blind spot, by combining quasi-experimental variation in school closure and reopening strategies across the German federal states at the onset of the pandemic with nationwide, population-based survey data on youth mental health and high-frequency data from the largest crisis helpline. We show that prolonged school closures led to a substantial deterioration in youth health-related quality of life, precipitating early signs of mental health problems. The effects were most severe among boys, younger adolescents, and families with limited living space. We further provide evidence that family problems are a major issue that adolescents were struggling with when denied access to school. Overall, school closures largely explain the deterioration of youth mental health over the first pandemic wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Felfe
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Center of Economic Performance, London, UK
- CESifo, Munich, Germany
- IZA, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Schneider
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Frankfurt Laboratory for Experimental Economic Research, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
- The Center for Leadership and Behavior in Organizations, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Michael Erhart
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Alice Salomon University of Applied Science, Berlin Apollon University of Applied Science, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Anne Kaman
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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27
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Clifford L, Tyler R, Knowles Z, Ashworth E, Boddy L, Foweather L, Fairclough SJ. Co-Creation of a School-Based Motor Competence and Mental Health Intervention: Move Well, Feel Good. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1403. [PMID: 37628403 PMCID: PMC10453743 DOI: 10.3390/children10081403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Low motor competence (MC) and inhibited psychosocial development are associated with mental health difficulties. Improving children's MC through school-based physical activity interventions emphasising psychosocial development may therefore be a mechanism for promoting positive mental health. This study describes and provides reflective insights into the co-creation of 'Move Well Feel Good', a primary school physical activity intervention to improve children's MC and mental health. Class teachers, school leaders, physical activity specialists, and children (aged 8-9 years) participated in a series of co-creation workshops. Stakeholders' knowledge and experiences were integrated with existing research evidence using creative methods (e.g., post-it note tasks, worksheets, and drawings) to facilitate discussion. The co-creation process culminated in stakeholder consensus voting for one of three proposed intervention ideas. Children cited physical and mental health benefits, enjoyment with friends, and high perceived competence as motives for being physically active. Opportunities to develop MC across the different segments of the school day were identified by adult stakeholders, who perceived children's lack of resilience, an overloaded curriculum, and poor parental support for physical activity as barriers to intervention implementation. The chosen intervention idea received six out of a possible twelve votes. Co-creation projects are specific to the contexts in which they are implemented. This study reinforces the complex nature of school-based intervention development and highlights the value of engaging with stakeholders in co-creation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Clifford
- Movement Behaviours, Health, Wellbeing, and Nutrition Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St. Helens Road, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK; (R.T.); (S.J.F.)
| | - Richard Tyler
- Movement Behaviours, Health, Wellbeing, and Nutrition Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St. Helens Road, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK; (R.T.); (S.J.F.)
| | - Zoe Knowles
- The Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, 5 Primrose Hill, Liverpool L3 2EX, UK; (Z.K.); (L.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Emma Ashworth
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5UX, UK;
| | - Lynne Boddy
- The Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, 5 Primrose Hill, Liverpool L3 2EX, UK; (Z.K.); (L.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Lawrence Foweather
- The Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, 5 Primrose Hill, Liverpool L3 2EX, UK; (Z.K.); (L.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Stuart J. Fairclough
- Movement Behaviours, Health, Wellbeing, and Nutrition Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St. Helens Road, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK; (R.T.); (S.J.F.)
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Zahl-Olsen R, Severinsen L, Stiegler JR, Fernee CR, Simhan I, Rekdal SS, Bertelsen TB. Effects of emotionally oriented parental interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1159892. [PMID: 37519350 PMCID: PMC10374204 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1159892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the effects of emotionally oriented parental interventions. Background Several emotionally oriented parental interventions have been developed during the last decade. Some of these have gained popularity and spread across several continents. The literature is growing and consists of qualitative studies; intervention only, quasi-experimental, case-control studies; and randomized controlled trials. They indicate effects for parents and children. However, no systematic review or meta-analysis has, to our knowledge, summarized the results. Method Using several search engines, we located 8,272 studies. After abstract and full-text screening, 33 studies were assessed for bias and included in the study. Outcomes for parents and children were extracted and combined into three constructs for parents and two for children. Meta-analyses were conducted for each construct to estimate the effect of the interventions using a robust Bayes meta-analysis. Results The results indicate the presence of a small to medium effect on parents' mental health, behavior, and use of emotionally oriented parenting, as well as on children's internalizing and externalizing difficulties. Most participants were recruited from the general population, and clinical settings were rare. The results show little evidence of publication bias. Conclusion There is evidence of a small to medium effect of emotionally oriented interventions on parents and children. Systematic review registration https://osf.io/un3q4/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Zahl-Olsen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Linda Severinsen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Carina Ribe Fernee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Indra Simhan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sondre Sverd Rekdal
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
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Piko BF. Adolescent Life Satisfaction: Association with Psychological, School-Related, Religious and Socially Supportive Factors. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1176. [PMID: 37508673 PMCID: PMC10378027 DOI: 10.3390/children10071176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent life satisfaction is crucial to later adult health and well-being; therefore, searching for its correlates should receive priority in research. The aim of this study was to explore the role of psychological (depression, future orientation), school-related (school achievement, satisfaction with school), religious (going to church, importance of religion), socially supportive (family and friend support), other familial, and sociodemographic (age, sex, self-assessed socioeconomic status) factors in adolescent life satisfaction. This cross-sectional survey (entitled Szeged Youth Study 2022) involved a sample of middle and high school students (N = 2239, aged 11-18 years, 51.8% females) from public schools in Szeged, Hungary. Besides descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression analysis were applied to the data analyses. Boys scored higher on the life satisfaction scale (Satisfaction with Life Scale, SWLS), while the level of depression (Children's Depression Inventory, CDI) was higher among girls. In the final regression model, family support was the strongest predictor of life satisfaction (β = 0.44, p < 0.001), followed by depression (as a negative contributor), socioeconomic (SES) self-assessment, future orientation, satisfaction with school, going to church, and friend support. School prevention programs should be focused not only on preventing mental health difficulties but also promoting adolescent well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina F Piko
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Alfaro-González S, Garrido-Miguel M, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, López-Gil JF. Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Psychosocial Health Problems in Spanish Adolescents: The EHDLA Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:2905. [PMID: 37447231 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were twofold: to determine the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and psychological problems and to assess the relationship between different food groups of the MedDiet and different patterns of psychosocial health problems in a sample of Spanish adolescents from the Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain). This cross-sectional study included a representative sample of 700 adolescents (57% girls) between 12 and 17 years of age. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed by the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for Children and Teenagers (KIDMED). Psychosocial health problems were measured by the 25-item self-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). ANCOVA models were used to test the mean differences in psychosocial health problems (SDQ subscales) by adherence to MedDiet categories (low, medium, and high). Multiple linear regression was used to determine the association between different food groups of the MedDiet and psychosocial health problems. Adolescents with low adherence to the MedDiet had significantly higher scores in SDQ total difficulties, conduct problems, and hyperactivity problems and lower scores in pro-social behavior (p < 0.05) than their peers with medium and high adherence to the MedDiet. In relation to specific MedDiet food groups, fruit, nut, and legume intake were associated with higher psychosocial health. However, sweets, skipping breakfast, or high consumption of pasta or rice (≥5 weeks) were associated to higher psychosocial health problems. Our results show that adolescents with higher adherence to the MedDiet could benefit from greater psychosocial health. Individually, some patterns of MedDiet, such as fruit, nut, and legume intake, may reduce psychosocial health problems. These cross-sectional results should be confirmed in longitudinal and intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Alfaro-González
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla La-Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Miriam Garrido-Miguel
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla La-Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla La-Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - José Francisco López-Gil
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02138, USA
- One Health Research Group, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170124, Ecuador
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Jörren HL, Schmidt H, Kaman A, Ravens-Sieberer U, Rumpf HJ, Pawils S. [Children's mental health: the role of screen time, parenting behavior, and parenting stress-a secondary data analysis of KiGGS and BELLA data]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2023:10.1007/s00103-023-03727-y. [PMID: 37322377 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies established a link between high screen time and mental health problems in childhood. The role of possible influencing factors is currently unclear. This study aims at testing correlations among mental health problems, high screen time, parenting stress, and inconsistent and positive parenting behavior. METHODS This study is based on data from the KiGGS and BELLA studies. For the present study, data from preschool children (age: 3-5 years, N = 417) and school children (age: 7-13 years, N = 239) were analyzed. Binary-logistic regressions were carried out to test for correlations between high screen time and children's mental health problems in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Socioeconomic status, the child's gender, the parent's gender, parenting stress, and inconsistent and positive parenting behavior were used as control variables. RESULTS In the cross-sectional analysis, mental health problems in preschool children were associated with high screen time (OR = 3.02; p = 0.003), parenting stress (OR = 17.00; p < 0.001), and positive parenting behavior (OR = 0.24; p < 0.001). In the longitudinal analysis, mental health problems in school children were associated with parenting stress (OR = 4.04; p < 0.001). Socioeconomic status and the child's and parent's gender were at no point associated with mental health problems. DISCUSSION The sole existence of high screen time cannot explain mental health problems in children. Parental variables seem to be critical for children's mental health and should be considered in a holistic apporach on children's mental health in terms of strengthening parental competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Lea Jörren
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Deutschland.
| | - Hannah Schmidt
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Deutschland
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Anne Kaman
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Silke Pawils
- Institut für Medizinische Psychologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
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Ravens-Sieberer U, Devine J, Napp AK, Kaman A, Saftig L, Gilbert M, Reiß F, Löffler C, Simon AM, Hurrelmann K, Walper S, Schlack R, Hölling H, Wieler LH, Erhart M. Three years into the pandemic: results of the longitudinal German COPSY study on youth mental health and health-related quality of life. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1129073. [PMID: 37397777 PMCID: PMC10307958 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1129073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose For the past three years, the German longitudinal COPSY (COVID-19 and PSYchological Health) study has monitored changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the mental health of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A nationwide, population-based survey was conducted in May-June 2020 (W1), December 2020-January 2021 (W2), September-October 2021 (W3), February 2022 (W4), and September-October 2022 (W5). In total, n = 2,471 children and adolescents aged 7-17 years (n = 1,673 aged 11-17 years with self-reports) were assessed using internationally established and validated measures of HRQoL (KIDSCREEN-10), mental health problems (SDQ), anxiety (SCARED), depressive symptoms (CES-DC, PHQ-2), psychosomatic complaints (HBSC-SCL), and fear about the future (DFS-K). Findings were compared to prepandemic population-based data. Results While the prevalence of low HRQoL increased from 15% prepandemic to 48% at W2, it improved to 27% at W5. Similarly, overall mental health problems rose from 18% prepandemic to W1 through W2 (30-31%), and since then slowly declined (W3: 27%, W4: 29%, W5: 23%). Anxiety doubled from 15% prepandemic to 30% in W2 and declined to 25% (W5) since then. Depressive symptoms increased from 15%/10% (CES-DC/PHQ-2) prepandemic to 24%/15% in W2, and slowly decreased to 14%/9% in W5. Psychosomatic complaints are across all waves still on the rise. 32-44% of the youth expressed fears related to other current crises. Conclusion Mental health of the youth improved in year 3 of the pandemic, but is still lower than before the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Janine Devine
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Napp
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kaman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lynn Saftig
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martha Gilbert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Reiß
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Löffler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Robert Schlack
- Department for Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Hölling
- Department for Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lothar Heinz Wieler
- Department for Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Research Cluster Digital Global Public Health, Hasso-Plattner-Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael Erhart
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Public Health, Alice Salomon University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Apollon University of Applied Sciences, Bremen, Germany
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Ravens-Sieberer U, Kaman A, Devine J, Reiß F. [The COVID-19 pandemic-How did it affect the mental health of children?]. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2023; 171:1-7. [PMID: 37362308 PMCID: PMC10243683 DOI: 10.1007/s00112-023-01775-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on the daily life of children and adolescents due to lockdowns, contact restrictions, closings of childcare, schools and leisure facilities. Objective This article examines the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of children and adolescents in Germany. Material and methods In the population-based longitudinal COPSY study (COVID-19 and Psychological Health) 1600 parents of children aged 7-17 years old and 1000 children and adolescents aged 11-17 years old completed established questionnaires at 5 online survey points (t1: May and June 2020 to t5: September and October 2022). For comparison, pre-pandemic data were obtained from the representative BELLA study. Results During the pandemic the portion of children and adolescents, who reported a low health-related quality of life, increased from pre-pandemic 15% to 48% in the first year of the pandemic and improved in year 3 to 27%. This is still substantially above pre-pandemic levels. Similar trajectories were found for mental health problems which rose from 18% (pre-pandemic) to 31% and improved in year 3 to 23%. For anxiety and depression, the changes were similar except that depressive symptoms returned to pre-pandemic levels in year 3. The physical activity of almost one third of the youth was still very low in year 3. Conclusion The mental health of children and adolescents was ignored during the pandemic for a long time. Now support and allocation of funding is urgently needed to mitigate the negative mental health effects and prevent further impairment by new crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Forschungssektion Child Public Health, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Anne Kaman
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Forschungssektion Child Public Health, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Janine Devine
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Forschungssektion Child Public Health, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Franziska Reiß
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Forschungssektion Child Public Health, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Deutschland
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Reiß F, Kaman A, Napp AK, Devine J, Li LY, Strelow L, Erhart M, Hölling H, Schlack R, Ravens-Sieberer U. [Epidemiology of mental well-being in childhood and adolescence. Results from three epidemiological studies before and during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2023:10.1007/s00103-023-03720-5. [PMID: 37249582 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03720-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuous nationwide health monitoring is important to track the well-being of children and adolescents and to map developmental trajectories. Based on the results of three selected epidemiological studies, developments in child well-being over the past 20 years are presented. METHODS Data are based on (1) the mental health module of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey among Children and Adolescents (BELLA study, 2003-2017, N = 1500 to 3000), which is a module of the KiGGS study; (2) the COvid-19 and PSYchological Health Study (COPSY, 2020-2022, N = 1600-1700), which is based on the BELLA Study; and (3) the International Health-Behaviour in School-aged Children Study (HBSC, 2002-2018, N = 4300-7300). Well-being was assessed in 7‑ to 17-year-olds using indicators of health-related quality of life (KIDSCREEN-10), life satisfaction (Cantril Ladder), and mental health problems (Strenghts and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC)). RESULTS Overall, children and adolescents show consistently high health-related quality of life and high overall life satisfaction pre-pandemic (2002-2018), which initially worsened with the onset of the 2020 COVID-19-pandemic. Two years later, improvements are evident but have not yet reached baseline levels. Psychological problems, as well as symptoms of anxiety and depression, increased by up to 12 percentage points at the beginning of the pandemic and are still higher two years after the onset of the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic studies. CONCLUSION The epidemiology of child well-being provides a necessary data basis to assess the support needs of children and adolescents and to use this as a basis for developing measures of health promotion, prevention, and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Reiß
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Anne Kaman
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Ann-Kathrin Napp
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Janine Devine
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Lydia Y Li
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Lisa Strelow
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Michael Erhart
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
- Alice Salomon Hochschule, Berlin, Deutschland
- Apollon Hochschule der Gesundheitswirtschaft, Bremen, Deutschland
| | | | | | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
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Napp AK, Kaman A, Erhart M, Westenhöfer J, Ravens-Sieberer U. Eating disorder symptoms among children and adolescents in Germany before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1157402. [PMID: 37304440 PMCID: PMC10254422 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1157402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Disordered eating is highly prevalent among children and adolescents. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations due to eating disorders have peaked and overweight has risen. The aim of this study was to determine differences in the prevalence of eating disorder symptoms among children and adolescents in Germany before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify associated factors. Materials and methods Eating disorder symptoms and associated factors were examined in a sample of n = 1,001 participants of the nationwide population-based COPSY study in autumn 2021. Standardized and validated instruments were used to survey 11-17-year-olds along with a respective parent. To identify differences in prevalence rates, logistic regression was used to compare results with data from n = 997 participants of the prepandemic BELLA study. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to examine associations with relevant factors in the pandemic COPSY sample. Results Eating disorder symptoms were reported by 17.18% of females and 15.08% of males in the COPSY study. Prevalence rates were lower overall in the COPSY sample compared to before the pandemic. Male gender, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were associated with increased odds for eating disorder symptoms in the pandemic. Conclusion The pandemic underscores the importance of further research, but also prevention and intervention programs that address disordered eating in children and adolescents, with a focus on age - and gender-specific differences and developments. In addition, screening instruments for eating disorder symptoms in youths need to be adapted and validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Napp
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Competence Center Health, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kaman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Erhart
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Public Health, Alice Salomon University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Apollon University of Applied Sciences, Bremen, Germany
| | - Joachim Westenhöfer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Competence Center Health, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Mansoor Z, Stanley J, Fortune S, Havighurst S, Bell E. Evaluating an emotion coaching programme for parents of young adolescents attending Child Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in New Zealand: protocol for a multi-site feasibility trial including co-design with service users. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:70. [PMID: 37106428 PMCID: PMC10134551 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early adolescence is a time of increased vulnerability for the development of common mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression (internalising outcomes). Current treatments such as cognitive-behavioural therapy and antidepressant medication are focused on the individual and have small effect sizes, particularly in real-world clinical settings such as the public Child Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). Parents are an important and under-utilised resource in treating these conditions in young adolescents. Teaching parents how to respond to their young person's emotions can improve emotion regulation and reduce internalising outcomes. One emotion-focused programme for parents of this age group is Tuning in to Teens (TINT). This is a structured, manualised skills group for parents only focused on teaching skills to coach young people through their emotional experiences. This study aims to investigate the impact of TINT in the clinical setting of publicly funded CAMHS in New Zealand. METHODS The trial will evaluate the feasibility of a two-arm multi-site randomised control trial (RCT). Participants will be 10-14-year-olds referred to CAMHS in Wellington, New Zealand, with anxiety or depression, and their parents or guardians. Arm 1 will be parents attending and implementing TINT (in addition to the usual care received at CAMHS). Arm 2 will be usual care only. TINT groups will be facilitated by CAMHS clinicians who have been trained in the programme and will be delivered over 8 weekly sessions. Prior to the RCT, a co-design methodology will be used with service users to inform outcome measures used in the trial. A group of service users meeting the RCT criteria will be recruited to take part in workshops to help determine their priority outcomes. Measures based on the results of workshops will be included in the outcome measures. The primary feasibility outcomes will be the recruitment and retention of participants, acceptability of the intervention for service users and clinicians and acceptability of outcome measures. DISCUSSION There is a need to improve outcomes for the treatment of adolescent anxiety and depression. TINT is a programme with the potential to enhance outcomes for those accessing mental health services by providing targeted support to parents of adolescents. This trial will inform whether a full RCT is feasible to evaluate TINT. Including service users in the design will increase its relevance of an evaluation in this setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN): ACTRN12622000483752. Registered on 28 March 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Mansoor
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand.
| | - James Stanley
- Biostatistics Group, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Fortune
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sophie Havighurst
- Department of Psychiatry, Mindful Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elliot Bell
- Department of Psychological Medicine and Rehabilitation Teaching and Research Unit, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Kaman* A, Erhart* M, Devine J, Reiß F, Napp AK, M. Simon A, Hurrelmann K, Schlack R, Hölling H, H. Wieler L, Ravens-Sieberer U. Two Years of Pandemic: the Mental Health and Quality of Life of Children and Adolescents. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 120:269-270. [PMID: 37482701 PMCID: PMC10366960 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2023.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kaman*
- *The two authors share joint first authorship
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Hamburg
| | - Michael Erhart*
- *The two authors share joint first authorship
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Hamburg
- Alice-Salomon-Hochschule, Berlin
| | - Janine Devine
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Hamburg
| | - Franziska Reiß
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Hamburg
| | - Ann-Kathrin Napp
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Hamburg
| | | | | | - Robert Schlack
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Mental Health Unit, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin
| | - Heike Hölling
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Mental Health Unit, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin
| | | | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Hamburg
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Ratheesh A, Hammond D, Gao C, Marwaha S, Thompson A, Hartmann J, Davey C, Zammit S, Berk M, McGorry P, Nelson B. Empirically driven transdiagnostic stages in the development of mood, anxiety and psychotic symptoms in a cohort of youth followed from birth. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:103. [PMID: 36990979 PMCID: PMC10052262 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Staging models with transdiagnostic validity across mood, psychotic, and anxiety disorders could advance early intervention efforts as well as our understanding of the common underpinnings of such psychopathology. However, there are few well-supported operationalisations for such transdiagnostic models, particularly in community-based samples. We aimed to explore the inter-relationships among mood, psychotic, and anxiety symptom stages, and their common risk factors to develop data-informed transdiagnostic stages. We included participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a prospective ongoing birth cohort study. We developed operational thresholds for stages of depressive, hypomanic, anxiety, and psychotic symptoms based on the existing literature, refined further by expert consensus. We selected 1b level as the primary stage or outcome of interest. This represents moderate symptoms that are likely to be associated with the onset of the need for clinical mental health care. We used questionnaire and clinic data completed by young people ages 18 and 21 years. We used descriptive methods and network analyses to examine the overlap among Stage 1b psychopathology. We then examined the patterns of relationships between several risk factors and 1b stages using logistic regressions. Among 3269 young people with data available to determine all symptom stages, 64.3% were female and 96% Caucasian. Descriptive and network analyses indicated that 1b level depressive, anxiety, and psychotic symptom stages were inter-related while hypomania was not. Similarly, anxiety, depressive, and psychotic 1b stages were associated with the female sex, more emotional and behavioral difficulties in early adolescence, and life events in late adolescence. Hypomania was not related to any of these risk factors. Given their inter-relationships and similar risk factors, anxiety, psychotic and depressive, symptoms could be combined to form a transdiagnostic stage in this cohort. Such empirical transdiagnostic stages could help with prognostication and indicated prevention in youth mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswin Ratheesh
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Dylan Hammond
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Caroline Gao
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Steven Marwaha
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew Thompson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical school, University of Warwick, Coventry, England
| | - Jessica Hartmann
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christopher Davey
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stanley Zammit
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael Berk
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Patrick McGorry
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Holler A, Maldei-Gohring T, Reiß F, Opdensteinen KD, Kaman A, Ravens-Sieberer U, Hechler T. COVID statt Kita. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KLINISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2023. [DOI: 10.1026/1616-3443/a000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung: Theoretischer Hintergrund: Die COVID-19 Pandemie führte im Frühjahr 2020 bei Vorschulkindern in Deutschland zu einer Zunahme von Verhaltensauffälligkeiten. Fragestellung: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es, die anhaltenden Auswirkungen der Pandemie auf die psychische Gesundheit von Vorschulkindern zu untersuchen und potentielle Einflussfaktoren zu identifizieren. Methode: In zwei unabhängigen Online-Erhebungen im März und November 2021 befragten wir die Eltern von N = 331 Vorschulkindern in Rheinland-Pfalz hinsichtlich der Verhaltensauffälligkeiten ihrer Kinder. Die Ergebnisse verglichen wir mit Daten einer bevölkerungsbezogenen Stichprobe aus der Zeit vor der Pandemie. Mithilfe von logistischen Regressionen untersuchten wir potenzielle Einflussfaktoren auf die psychische Gesundheit. Ergebnis: Im Verlauf der Pandemie zeigte sich ein erhöhtes Ausmaß an Verhaltensauffälligkeiten bei Vorschulkindern. Als potenzielle Einflussfaktoren identifizierten wir die psychische Belastung und emotionale Kompetenz der Eltern, sowie die Emotionsregulation der Kinder als möglichen Schutzfaktor. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Befunde verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit von Präventionsprogrammen mit Fokus auf die sozio-emotionale Kompetenzen von Vorschulkindern und ihren Eltern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Holler
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universität Trier, Deutschland
| | - Tobias Maldei-Gohring
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universität Trier, Deutschland
| | - Franziska Reiß
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und –psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Deutschland
| | - Kim D. Opdensteinen
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universität Trier, Deutschland
| | - Anne Kaman
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und –psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Deutschland
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und –psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Deutschland
| | - Tanja Hechler
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universität Trier, Deutschland
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Reiß F, Napp AK, Erhart M, Devine J, Dadaczynski K, Kaman A, Ravens-Sieberer U. [Prevention perspective: mental health of schoolchildren in Germany]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2023; 66:391-401. [PMID: 36899197 PMCID: PMC10005858 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03674-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the learning and health of children and adolescents. The aim of this paper is to examine school students' mental health problems, family burden, and support needs during the pandemic depending on the type of school. Approaches to school-based prevention and health promotion are discussed. METHODS Findings are based on data from the population-based COPSY study (T1: 05/2020 - T4: 02/2022) and the BELLA study (T0, pre-pandemic comparison). Approximately 1600 families with children aged 7 to 19 years were surveyed at each measurement point (T). Mental health problems were assessed using the SDQ, while family burden and support needs were captured with individual items in the parent report. RESULTS Mental health problems increased among students in all school types at the beginning of the pandemic and have stabilized at a high level. Elementary school students are particularly affected (increase from 16.9% pre-pandemic to 40.0% at T2), especially in behavioral problems (11.7% to 24.6%) and hyperactivity (13.9% to 34.0%). Secondary school students also show higher levels of mental health problems (21.4% to 30.4%). Pandemic-related burden is consistently high, as is the need for family support received from schools/teachers and experts. DISCUSSION There is a high need for mental health promotion and prevention measures in the school setting. These should start at primary school age in the sense of a "whole school approach" at different levels and include external stakeholders. In addition, binding legal requirements are needed in all federal states to create framework conditions and structures for school-based health promotion and prevention, including access to necessary resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Reiß
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Ann-Kathrin Napp
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Michael Erhart
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
- Alice Salomon Hochschule, Berlin, Deutschland
- Apollon Hochschule der Gesundheitswirtschaft, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - Janine Devine
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Kevin Dadaczynski
- Fachbereich Gesundheitswissenschaften, Hochschule Fulda, Fulda, Hessen, Deutschland
| | - Anne Kaman
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland.
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Forschungssektion Child Public Health, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 5, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
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Herrmann L, Reiss F, Becker-Hebly I, Baldus C, Gilbert M, Stadler G, Kaman A, Graumann L, Ravens-Sieberer U. Systematic Review of Gender-Specific Child and Adolescent Mental Health Care. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01506-z. [PMID: 36849848 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01506-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Gender differences in mental health emerge as early as in childhood and adolescence, highlighting the potential need for gender-specific child and adolescent mental health care. However, it is unclear how gender-specific child and adolescent mental health care is implemented and whether its' approaches are useful. Therefore, this study reviews gender-specific interventions and their effectiveness for child and adolescent mental health. Five databases were searched for articles published between 2000 and 2021. In total, 43 studies were included. Most interventions were conducted in school (n = 15) or community settings (n = 8). Substance-related disorders (n = 13) and eating disorders (n = 12) were addressed most frequently. Most interventions targeted girls (n = 31). Various gender-specific aspects were considered, including gender-specific risk and protective factors (n = 35) and needs (n = 35). Although most interventions yielded significant improvements in mental health outcomes (n = 32), only few studies reported medium or large effect sizes (n = 13). Additionally, there was a lack of strong causal evidence derived from randomized controlled trials, calling for more rigorous trials in the research field. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that gender-specific mental health care can be a promising approach to meet gender-specific mental health needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Herrmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W29, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Reiss
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W29, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Inga Becker-Hebly
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W29, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Baldus
- German Center for Addiction Research in Childhood and Adolescence, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martha Gilbert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W29, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gertraud Stadler
- Institute of Gender in Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Kaman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W29, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lina Graumann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W29, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W29, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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Devine J, Kaman A, Seum TL, Zoellner F, Dabs M, Ottova-Jordan V, Schlepper LK, Haller AC, Topf S, Boecker M, Schuchard J, Forrest CB, Ravens-Sieberer U. German translation of the PROMIS ® pediatric anxiety, anger, depressive symptoms, fatigue, pain interference and peer relationships item banks. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2023; 7:16. [PMID: 36810699 PMCID: PMC9943801 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-023-00548-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed at the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of six PROMIS® pediatric self- and proxy- item banks and short forms to universal German: anxiety (ANX), anger (ANG), depressive symptoms (DEP), Fatigue (FAT), pain interference (P) and peer relationships (PR). METHODS Using standardized methodology approved by the PROMIS Statistical Center and in line with recommendations of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) PRO Translation Task Force, two translators for each German-speaking country (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland) commented on and rated the translation difficulty and provided forward translations, followed by a review and reconciliation phase. An independent translator performed back translations, which were reviewed and harmonized. The items were tested in cognitive interviews with 58 children and adolescents from Germany (16), Austria (22), and Switzerland (20) for the self-report and 42 parents and other caregivers (Germany (12), Austria (17), and Switzerland (13)) for the proxy-report. RESULTS Translators rated the translation difficulty of most items (95%) as easy or feasible. Pretesting showed that items of the universal German version were understood as they were intended, as only 14 out of 82 items of the self-report and 15 out of 82 items of the proxy-report versions required minor rewording. However, on average German translators rated the items more difficult to translate (M = 1.5, SD = 0.20) than the Austrian (M = 1.3, SD = 0.16) and the Swiss translators (M = 1.2, SD = 0.14) on a three-point Likert scale. CONCLUSIONS The translated German short forms are ready for use by researchers and clinicians ( https://www.healthmeasures.net/search-view-measures ).
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Devine
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A. Kaman
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - T. L. Seum
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - F. Zoellner
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Dabs
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - V. Ottova-Jordan
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - L. K. Schlepper
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A.-C. Haller
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S. Topf
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Boecker
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - J. Schuchard
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Applied Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, 2716 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA
| | - C. B. Forrest
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Applied Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, 2716 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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Befus EG, Helseth S, Mølland E, Westergren T, Fegran L, Haraldstad K. Use of KIDSCREEN health-related quality of life instruments in the general population of children and adolescents: a scoping review. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2023; 21:6. [PMID: 36670428 PMCID: PMC9857919 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Subjectively assessing health related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents is increasingly important in the public health field. One valid and widely used generic HRQoL instrument is the KIDSCREEN questionnaire. The aim of this study was to map all studies using KIDSCREEN instruments in the general population of children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. METHODS A scoping review was conducted. The search strategy was formulated according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Scoping Reviews guidelines. The databases Cinahl, socINDEX, Medline, Embase, APA Psychinfo, Scopus, and Eric were searched in October 2021. RESULTS In total, 1365 papers were eligible for screening, 1031 were excluded and 334 reports were read in full. 252 reports were included. KIDSCREEN studies in the general population was predominantly conducted in Europe (n = 211). Most studies (n = 179) had a cross sectional design, while few experimental studies (n = 24) were found. The three KIDSCREEN versions comprising of 10, 27 and 52 items, were equally distributed between studies. The self-reported version (n = 225) of the KIDSCREEN instrument was more prevalent than the proxy version, while few studies discussed a cut point. Study contexts reflected international trends of public health challenges, commonly including mental- and psychosocial health, physical activity, socioeconomic status, and obesity. CONCLUSION KIDSCREEN is widely used in cross sectional studies assessing common public health challenges. Experimental and longitudinal assessments, possibly including relevant cut offs remain mainly unexplored and are recommended for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Grethe Befus
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Faculty of Health- and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Faculty of Health- and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway ,grid.412414.60000 0000 9151 4445Faculty of Health, OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs Plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirin Mølland
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Economics and Finance, School of Business and Law, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Thomas Westergren
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Faculty of Health- and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway ,grid.18883.3a0000 0001 2299 9255Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Liv Fegran
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Faculty of Health- and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Faculty of Health- and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
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Kállay É. The Investigation of Major Predictors of Well-Being in a Sample of Romanian University Students in the Post-Covid-19 Period. STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEȘ-BOLYAI PSYCHOLOGIA-PAEDAGOGIA 2022. [DOI: 10.24193/subbpsyped.2022.2.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
"The Coronavirus-induced pandemic has had a significant impact on the physical and psychological functioning of the entire world’s population. Research has indicated that besides the physical threat to health itself, the implications of constant uncertainty, separation from and/or loss of loved ones, loss of freedom to travel, shortage of food and financial resources, disruptions of usual life-routines, changing work and learning habits, further aggravate the effect of initial stressors, leading to increased levels of depressive symptoms, anxiety, PTSD, insomnia, lowered levels of well-being, and confusion. Unfortunately, just as the two-years long pandemic ended, the Ukrainian war started, and the Romanian population, since our country borders Ukraine, has experienced a novel type of stress, that of the possibility of being attacked, affected economically. Almost simultaneously, the online education has returned to classical form of teaching, amidst semester, being another stress factor for students. Our results indicated that the two-year long pandemic was considered as having the greatest impact by almost two-thirds of the students. Furthermore, the lack of self-efficacy component of perceived stress was a constant and strong predictor of all components of well-being (subjective and psychological), and perceived helplessness for subjective well-being. Regarding emotion regulation strategies refocus on planning, positive reevaluation, self- and other blame, withdrawal and actively approaching the source of stress proved to be the most important predictors. The results of our investigation may be beneficial for the tailoring of future prevention and intervention programs that would target the enhancement of psychological adaptation of students. Keywords: stress, depressive symptoms, uncertainty, emotion regulation strategies, subjective and psychological well-being, post COVID-19. "
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Sevecke K, Wenter A, Böge I. [Inpatient care in child and adolescent psychiatry-Who gets treatment?]. NEUROPSYCHIATRIE : KLINIK, DIAGNOSTIK, THERAPIE UND REHABILITATION : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT OSTERREICHISCHER NERVENARZTE UND PSYCHIATER 2022; 36:179-187. [PMID: 36348224 PMCID: PMC9643980 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-022-00443-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND RESEARCH QUESTION This article presents and analyses the landscape for inpatient child and adolescent psychiatric care in Austria and examines current data from June 2022. METHOD In June 2022, the authors surveyed the current status of child and adolescent psychiatric primary care in Austria. Both systemised beds and day hospital beds as well as the number of specialists and assistant doctors were taken into account. RESULTS A bed index of 0.05 beds/1000 inhabitants (as of 6/2022) was calculated, which is below the guideline for beds needed and does not correspond with the need depicted for sufficient provision of care ("Österreichischer Strukturplan Gesundheit"). Moreover, in June 2022, 40 beds had to be closed due to staff shortages and 26.5 training positions were vacant across Austria. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Even though the training ratio was raised to 1:2 as of 07.02.2022 within the framework of the "Mangelfachverordnung" for a limited period of time until 31.05.2027, it is hardly possible to guarantee sufficient mental health care according to the increased demand for child and adolescent psychiatry, especially in times of the pandemic. Measures need to be urgently taken to improve child and adolescent psychiatric treatment options. In order to ensure adequate care for the increasing number of mentally ill children and adolescents (a) the number of beds must be increased, (b) structural deficits have to improve, and (c) innovative treatment options in the sense of inpatient-equivalent treatment (home treatment) has to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Sevecke
- Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Christoph-Probst-Platz, Innrain 52, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich.
- Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Tirol Kliniken, Milser Straße 10, 6060, Hall i. T., Österreich.
| | - Anna Wenter
- Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Christoph-Probst-Platz, Innrain 52, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich
- Institut für Psychologie, Fakultät für Psychologie und Sportwissenschaft, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - Isabel Böge
- Universitätsklinikum Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 1, 8036, Graz, Österreich
- Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, LKH II, Wagner-Jauregg Platz 1, 8053, Graz, Österreich
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Sevecke K, Wenter A, Haid-Stecher N, Fuchs M, Böge I. [A three-country comparison of mental health and treatment options of children and adolescents with mental health problems in times after the COVID-19 pandemic]. NEUROPSYCHIATRIE : KLINIK, DIAGNOSTIK, THERAPIE UND REHABILITATION : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT OSTERREICHISCHER NERVENARZTE UND PSYCHIATER 2022; 36:192-201. [PMID: 36352338 PMCID: PMC9645753 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-022-00438-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND RESEARCH QUESTION The Austrian Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy (ÖGKJP) is publishing a series of articles in a special issue of Neuropsychiatrie dealing with the current provision of care in child and adolescent psychiatry. Aim of this article is to give an overview of provision of care for children and adolescents with mental health problems in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland and then draw conclusions for the Austrian child and adolescent psychiatric care landscape. METHOD First, epidemiologic data as well as different traditions and treatment philosophies and their effect for provision of care in child and adolescent psychiatry in Austria, Germany and Switzerland are presented. Subsequently, data of provided child and adolescent psychiatric care in Austria and Germany are presented and related to each other. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the data presented, the current deterioration of mental health in children and adolescents due to the pandemic as well as the deficit of available inpatient beds (0.03-0.09) there is an urgent need for action in Austrian provision of child and adolescent psychiatric care. An improvement of the structural deficits in the child and adolescent psychiatric research and care landscape, a significant increase of capacities for inpatient treatment, day-care as well as outpatient treatment with establishment of modern treatment options such as home treatment is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Sevecke
- Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Tirol Kliniken, Milser Straße 10, 6060, Hall i. T., Österreich.
- Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Christoph-Probst-Platz 1, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich.
| | - Anna Wenter
- Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Christoph-Probst-Platz 1, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - Nina Haid-Stecher
- Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Tirol Kliniken, Milser Straße 10, 6060, Hall i. T., Österreich
| | - Martin Fuchs
- Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Tirol Kliniken, Milser Straße 10, 6060, Hall i. T., Österreich
- Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Christoph-Probst-Platz 1, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - Isabel Böge
- Universitätsklinikum Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 1, 8036, Graz, Österreich
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Marquez J, Lambert L, Cutts M. Geographic, Socio-Demographic and School Type Variation in Adolescent Wellbeing and Mental Health and Links with Academic Competence in the United Arab Emirates. CHILD INDICATORS RESEARCH 2022; 16:797-836. [PMID: 36465521 PMCID: PMC9702627 DOI: 10.1007/s12187-022-09993-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Interest in adolescents' wellbeing and mental health is growing worldwide, but little research in this area has been conducted in certain world regions and countries such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Geographic, socio-demographic and school type differences in adolescent wellbeing and mental health are commonly observed in the field, and the UAE is a diverse country where these types of differences have been found for other outcomes (notably, academic). Yet, no prior national study has explored these differences in terms of wellbeing and mental health in the nation. We address this gap by investigating differences across emirates, gender, socio-economic status, immigrant status, school sector and school curriculum for overall life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, meaning and purpose in life, and internalizing difficulties. We use linear regression to analyse cross-sectional data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) study from 2015 and 2018. We find substantial geographic, socio-demographic and school type differences in levels (2018) of wellbeing and mental health -which vary across distinct domains- and declines (2015-2018) of wellbeing. Better wellbeing and mental health are observed in the northern emirates and among boys. Better wellbeing and poorer mental health are observed among nationals (compared to expatriates) and in public schools (compared to private schools). Despite presenting the best academic outcomes, British schools present the worst wellbeing and mental health outcomes. However, results show the absence of a trade-off between academic competence and wellbeing and mental health, with evidence of a small positive association with wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Marquez
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | | | - Megan Cutts
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
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Eigl ES, Widauer SS, Schabus M. Burdens and psychosocial consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for Austrian children and adolescents. Front Psychol 2022; 13:971241. [PMID: 36478925 PMCID: PMC9721447 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.971241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The negative psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are becoming increasingly apparent. Children and adolescents in particular, were affected and torn away from their daily life routines. The aim of our survey is to evaluate the psychosocial burden and impairments of children and adolescents in Austria during the COVID-19 pandemic by using cross-sectional analysis. SETTING An Austrian-wide online survey was conducted from 21 February to 19 April 2021 for children and adolescents. The questionnaire was distributed widely using the national press agency and public media. PARTICIPANTS Using an online questionnaire, 5,483 children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years of age were sampled. OUTCOME MEASURE Quantitative responses to questions regarding the children's feelings, worries, and needs concerning the COVID-19 pandemic were measured. Furthermore, the children were sampled for subjective risk perception as well as their sleep quality. RESULTS Most children reported a high degree of fear due to the pandemic, especially female (48.1%) participants being under more emotional strain than their male (35.9%) counterparts. Associated with this, we found a strong overestimation of COVID-19-associated hospitalization likelihood (>100-fold) across all age groups. In addition, an alarming lack of positive perspective during the ongoing pandemic is evident across all age groups, including the youngest participants aged 6-10 years. Feelings of anger and annoyance (58.2%), loneliness (46%), and sadness (42.7%) are reported much more frequently than before the pandemic. On the other hand, only 15.6% reported feeling well (or even better; 2%) since the COVID-19 pandemic. Last but not least, our study shows an alarming 37% of children and adolescents who now report poorer sleep quality than before the pandemic. CONCLUSION The results of this survey indicate the high burden and emotional strain for children and adolescents during the pandemic. Personal contact with friends and family is mentioned as the most protective factor for their mental health. The study results underscore the need for immediate action to limit the collateral damage that has already occurred on a psychosocial and developmental level among younger generations worldwide.
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Psychische Erkrankungen in der Adoleszenz – Behandlungsansätze und klinische Erfahrungen. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr 2022; 71:658-676. [DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2022.71.7.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kästner A, Lücker P, Hannich A, Schmeyers L, Lücker J, Hoffmann W. COVID-19-related future anxiety is associated with the health-related quality of life in school-aged children and adolescents-A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1003876. [PMID: 36438295 PMCID: PMC9682149 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1003876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, previous studies have shown that the physical as well as the mental health of children and adolescents significantly deteriorated. Future anxiety caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and its associations with quality of life has not previously been examined in school children. Methods As part of a cross-sectional web-based survey at schools in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany, two years after the outbreak of the pandemic, school children were asked about COVID-19-related future anxiety using the German epidemic-related Dark Future Scale for children (eDFS-K). Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed using the self-reported KIDSCREEN-10. The eDFS-K was psychometrically analyzed (internal consistency and confirmatory factor analysis) and thereafter examined as a predictor of HRQoL in a general linear regression model. Results A total of N = 840 8-18-year-old children and adolescents were included in the analysis. The eDFS-K demonstrated adequate internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.77), and the confirmatory factor analysis further supported the one-factor structure of the four-item scale with an acceptable model fit. Over 43% of students were found to have low HRQoL. In addition, 47% of the students sometimes to often reported COVID-19-related fears about the future. Children with COVID-19-related future anxiety had significantly lower HRQoL (B = - 0.94, p < 0.001). Other predictors of lower HRQoL were older age (B = - 0.63, p < 0.001), and female (B = - 3.12, p < 0.001) and diverse (B = - 6.82, p < 0.001) gender. Conclusion Two years after the outbreak of the pandemic, school-aged children continue to exhibit low HRQoL, which is further exacerbated in the presence of COVID-19-related future anxiety. Intervention programs with an increased focus on mental health also addressing future anxiety should be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Kästner
- Institute for Community Medicine, Section Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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