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Hu Q, Xu J, Wang L, Yuan Y, Luo R, Gan M, Wang K, Zhao T, Wang Y, Han T, Wang J. SUCLG2 Regulates Mitochondrial Dysfunction through Succinylation in Lung Adenocarcinoma. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303535. [PMID: 37904651 PMCID: PMC10724390 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal energy metabolism are major features of cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction during cancer progression are far from being clarified. Here, it is demonstrated that the expression level of succinyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase GDP-forming subunit β (SUCLG2) can affect the overall succinylation of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells. Succinylome analysis shows that the deletion of SUCLG2 can upregulate the succinylation level of mitochondrial proteins and inhibits the function of key metabolic enzymes by reducing either enzymatic activity or protein stability, thus dampening mitochondrial function in LUAD cells. Interestingly, SUCLG2 itself is also succinylated on Lys93, and this succinylation enhances its protein stability, leading to the upregulation of SUCLG2 and promoting the proliferation and tumorigenesis of LUAD cells. Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) desuccinylates SUCLG2 on Lys93, followed by tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21)-mediated ubiquitination through K63-linkage and degradation in the lysosome. The findings reveal a new role for SUCLG2 in mitochondrial dysfunction and clarify the mechanism of the succinylation-mediated protein homeostasis of SUCLG2 in LUAD, thus providing a theoretical basis for developing anti-cancer drugs targeting SUCLG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifan Hu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006China
- School of Basic Medical SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330031China
- Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory DiseaseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330031China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330031China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Huankui AcademyNanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330031China
| | - Ruiguang Luo
- School of Basic Medical SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330031China
| | - Mingxi Gan
- School of Basic Medical SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330031China
| | - Keru Wang
- School of Huankui AcademyNanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330031China
| | - Tao Zhao
- School of Basic Medical SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330031China
| | - Yawen Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330031China
| | - Tianyu Han
- Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory DiseaseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesNanchangJiangxi330006China
- China‐Japan Friendship Jiangxi HospitalNational Regional Center for Respiratory MedicineNanchangJiangxi330200China
| | - Jian‐Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006China
- School of Basic Medical SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330031China
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Feng Y, Tang M, Xiang J, Liu P, Wang Y, Chen W, Fang Z, Wang W. Genome-wide characterization of L-aspartate oxidase genes in wheat and their potential roles in the responses to wheat disease and abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1210632. [PMID: 37476177 PMCID: PMC10354440 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1210632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
L-aspartate oxidase (AO) is the first enzyme in NAD+ biosynthesis and is widely distributed in plants, animals, and microorganisms. Recently, AO family members have been reported in several plants, including Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays. Research on AO in these plants has revealed that AO plays important roles in plant growth, development, and biotic stresses; however, the nature and functions of AO proteins in wheat are still unclear. In this study, nine AO genes were identified in the wheat genome via sequence alignment and conserved protein domain analysis. These nine wheat AO genes (TaAOs) were distributed on chromosomes 2, 5, and 6 of sub-genomes A, B, and D. Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, and gene structure showed that the nine TaAOs were clustered into three groups, and the TaAOs in each group had similar conserved motifs and gene structure. Meanwhile, the subcellular localization analysis of transient expression mediated by Agrobacterium tumetioniens indicated that TaAO3-6D was localized to chloroplasts. Prediction of cis-elements indicated that a large number of cis-elements involved in responses to ABA, SA, and antioxidants/electrophiles, as well as photoregulatory responses, were found in TaAO promoters, which suggests that the expression of TaAOs may be regulated by these factors. Finally, transcriptome and real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression of TaAOs belonging to Group III was strongly induced in wheat infected by F. graminearum during anthesis, while the expression of TaAOs belonging to Group I was heavily suppressed. Additionally, the inducible expression of TaAOs belonging to Group III during anthesis in wheat spikelets infected by F. graminearum was repressed by ABA. Finally, expression of almost all TaAOs was induced by exposure to cold treatment. These results indicate that TaAOs may participate in the response of wheat to F. graminearum infection and cold stress, and ABA may play a negative role in this process. This study lays a foundation for further investigation of TaAO genes and provides novel insights into their biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Feng
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province)/Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Mingshuang Tang
- Nanchong Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Junhui Xiang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province)/Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Pingu Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province)/Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Youning Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei, China
| | - Wang Chen
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province)/Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhengwu Fang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province)/Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Fu Y, Yu J, Li F, Ge S. Oncometabolites drive tumorigenesis by enhancing protein acylation: from chromosomal remodelling to nonhistone modification. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:144. [PMID: 35428309 PMCID: PMC9013066 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02338-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractMetabolites are intermediate products of cellular metabolism catalysed by various enzymes. Metabolic remodelling, as a biochemical fingerprint of cancer cells, causes abnormal metabolite accumulation. These metabolites mainly generate energy or serve as signal transduction mediators via noncovalent interactions. After the development of highly sensitive mass spectrometry technology, various metabolites were shown to covalently modify proteins via forms of lysine acylation, including lysine acetylation, crotonylation, lactylation, succinylation, propionylation, butyrylation, malonylation, glutarylation, 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation and β-hydroxybutyrylation. These modifications can regulate gene expression and intracellular signalling pathways, highlighting the extensive roles of metabolites. Lysine acetylation is not discussed in detail in this review since it has been broadly investigated. We focus on the nine aforementioned novel lysine acylations beyond acetylation, which can be classified into two categories: histone acylations and nonhistone acylations. We summarize the characteristics and common functions of these acylation types and, most importantly, provide a glimpse into their fine-tuned control of tumorigenesis and potential value in tumour diagnosis, monitoring and therapy.
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Neagu AC, Budișteanu M, Gheorghe DC, Mocanu AI, Mocanu H. Rare Gene Mutations in Romanian Hypoacusis Patients: Case Series and a Review of the Literature. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58091252. [PMID: 36143929 PMCID: PMC9501263 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58091252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: In this paper, we report on three cases of hypoacusis as part of a complex phenotype and some rare gene variants. An extensive review of literature completes the newly reported clinical and genetic information. (2) Methods: The cases range from 2- to 11-year-old boys, all with a complex clinical picture and hearing impairment. In all cases, whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed, in the first case in association with mitochondrial DNA study. (3) Results: The detected variants were: two heterozygous variants in the TWNK gene, one likely pathogenic and another of uncertain clinical significance (autosomal recessive mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome type 7-hepatocerebral type); heterozygous variants of uncertain significance PACS2 and SYT2 genes (autosomal dominant early infantile epileptic encephalopathy) and a homozygous variant of uncertain significance in SUCLG1 gene (mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 9). Some of these genes have never been previously reported as associated with hearing problems. (4) Conclusions: Our cases bring new insights into some rare genetic syndromes. Although the role of TWNK gene in hearing impairment is clear and accordingly reflected in published literature as well as in the present article, for the presented gene variants, a correlation to hearing problems could not yet be established and requires more scientific data. We consider that further studies are necessary for a better understanding of the role of these variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Cristina Neagu
- Department of ENT&HNS, “Marie Sklodowska Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital, 041434 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Magdalena Budișteanu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (A.-I.M.); Tel.: +407-2292-9091 (M.B.); +407-2340-0435 (A.-I.M.)
| | - Dan-Cristian Gheorghe
- Department of ENT&HNS, “Marie Sklodowska Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital, 041434 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of ENT&HNS, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adela-Ioana Mocanu
- Department of ENT&HNS, Polimed Medical Center, 040067 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (A.-I.M.); Tel.: +407-2292-9091 (M.B.); +407-2340-0435 (A.-I.M.)
| | - Horia Mocanu
- Department of ENT&HNS, Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
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Transcriptomic and proteomic insights into patulin mycotoxin-induced cancer-like phenotypes in normal intestinal epithelial cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1405-1416. [PMID: 35150386 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Patulin (PAT) is a natural contaminant of fruits (primarily apples) and their products. Significantly, high levels of contamination have been found in fruit juices all over the world. Several in vitro studies have demonstrated PAT's ability to alter intestinal structure and function. However, in real life, the probability of low dose long-term exposure to PAT to humans is significantly higher through contaminated food items. Thus, in the present study, we have exposed normal intestinal cells to non-toxic levels of PAT for 16 weeks and observed that PAT had the ability to cause cancer-like properties in normal intestinal epithelial cells after chronic exposure. Here, our results showed that chronic exposure to low doses of PAT caused enhanced proliferation, migration and invasion ability, and the capability to grow in soft agar (anchorage independence). Moreover, an in vivo study showed the appearance of colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACFs) in PAT-exposed Wistar rats, which are well, establish markers for early colon cancer. Furthermore, as these neoplastic changes are consequences of alterations at the molecular level, here, we combined next-generation RNA sequencing with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis to investigate the possible underlying mechanisms involved in PAT-induced neoplastic changes.
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Diethyl Succinate Modulates Microglial Polarization and Activation by Reducing Mitochondrial Fission and Cellular ROS. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120854. [PMID: 34940612 PMCID: PMC8705220 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinate is a metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) which plays a central role in mitochondrial activity. Excess succinate is known to be transported out of the cytosol, where it activates a succinate receptor (SUCNR1) to enhance inflammation through macrophages in various contexts. In addition, the intracellular role of succinate beyond an intermediate metabolite and prior to its extracellular release is also important to the polarization of macrophages. However, the role of succinate in microglial cells has not been characterized. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates the elevation of intracellular succinate levels. To reveal the function of intracellular succinate associated with LPS-stimulated inflammatory response in microglial cells, we assessed the levels of ROS, cytokine production and mitochondrial fission in the primary microglia pretreated with cell-permeable diethyl succinate mimicking increased intracellular succinate. Our results suggest that elevated intracellular succinate exerts a protective role in the primary microglia by preventing their conversion into the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype induced by LPS. This protective effect is SUCNR1-independent and mediated by reduced mitochondrial fission and cellular ROS production.
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Hadrava Vanova K, Pang Y, Krobova L, Kraus M, Nahacka Z, Boukalova S, Pack SD, Zobalova R, Zhu J, Huynh TT, Jochmanova I, Uher O, Hubackova S, Dvorakova S, Garrett TJ, Ghayee HK, Wu X, Schuster B, Knapp PE, Frysak Z, Hartmann I, Nilubol N, Cerny J, Taieb D, Rohlena J, Neuzil J, Yang C, Pacak K. Germline SUCLG2 Variants in Patients with Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 114:130-138. [PMID: 34415331 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are neuroendocrine tumors with frequent mutations in genes linked to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. However, no pathogenic variant has been found to date in succinyl-CoA ligase (SUCL), an enzyme that provides substrate for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH; mitochondrial complex II; CII), a known tumor suppressor in PPGL. METHODS A cohort of 352 subjects with apparently sporadic PPGL underwent genetic testing using a panel of 54 genes developed at the National Institutes of Health, including the SUCLG2 subunit of SUCL. Gene deletion, succinate levels, and protein levels were assessed in tumors where possible. To confirm the possible mechanism, we used a progenitor cell line, hPheo1, derived from a human pheochromocytoma, and ablated and re-expressed SUCLG2. RESULTS We describe eight germline variants in the GTP-binding domain of SUCLG2 in 15 patients (15 of 352, 4.3%) with apparently sporadic PPGL. Analysis of SUCLG2-mutated tumors and SUCLG2-deficient hPheo1 cells revealed absence of SUCLG2 protein, decrease in the level of the SDHB subunit of CII and faulty assembly of the complex, resulting in aberrant respiration and elevated succinate accumulation. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests SUCLG2 as a novel candidate gene in the genetic landscape of PPGL. Large-scale sequencing may uncover additional cases harboring SUCLG2 variants and provide more detailed information about their prevalence and penetrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Hadrava Vanova
- Section of Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic
| | - Ying Pang
- Section of Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Linda Krobova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kraus
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Nahacka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic
| | - Stepana Boukalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic
| | - Svetlana D Pack
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic
| | - Jun Zhu
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thanh-Truc Huynh
- Section of Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ivana Jochmanova
- Section of Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,1st Department of Internal Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Faculty of Medicine and Teaching Hospital of Louis Pasteur, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Ondrej Uher
- Section of Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Hubackova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Dvorakova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic
| | - Timothy J Garrett
- Southeast Center for Integrated Metabolomics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hans K Ghayee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Bjoern Schuster
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Philip E Knapp
- Section of Endocrinology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zdenek Frysak
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Hartmann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Naris Nilubol
- Endocrine Surgery Section, Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiri Cerny
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic
| | - David Taieb
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, La Timone University Hospital, CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague West, Czech Republic.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Chunzhang Yang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karel Pacak
- Section of Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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SUCLG1 mutations and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy: a case study and review of the literature. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:9699-9714. [PMID: 33230783 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05999-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial encephalomyopathies represent a clinically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders. The clinical phenotype of patients could be explained by mutations of mitochondria-related genes, notably SUCLG1 and SUCLA2. Here, we presented a 5-year-old boy with clinical features of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy from Iran. Also, a systematic review was performed to explore the involvement of SUCLG1 mutations in published mitochondrial encephalomyopathies cases. Genotyping was performed by implementing whole-exome sequencing. Moreover, quantification of the mtDNA content was performed by real-time qPCR. We identified a novel, homozygote missense variant chr2: 84676796 A > T (hg19) in the SUCLG1 gene. This mutation substitutes Cys with Ser at the 60-position of the SUCLG1 protein. Furthermore, the in-silico analysis revealed that the mutated position in the genome is well conserved in mammalians, that implies mutation in this residue would possibly result in phenotypic consequences. Here, we identified a novel, homozygote missense variant chr2: 84676796 A > T in the SUCLG1 gene. Using a range of experimental and in silico analysis, we found that the mutation might explain the observed phenotype in the family.
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9
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Bowden TJ, Kraev I, Lange S. Extracellular vesicles and post-translational protein deimination signatures in haemolymph of the American lobster (Homarus americanus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:79-102. [PMID: 32731012 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The American lobster (Homarus americanus) is a commercially important crustacean with an unusual long life span up to 100 years and a comparative animal model of longevity. Therefore, research into its immune system and physiology is of considerable importance both for industry and comparative immunology studies. Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are a phylogenetically conserved enzyme family that catalyses post-translational protein deimination via the conversion of arginine to citrulline. This can lead to structural and functional protein changes, sometimes contributing to protein moonlighting, in health and disease. PADs also regulate the cellular release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which is an important part of cellular communication, both in normal physiology and in immune responses. Hitherto, studies on EVs in Crustacea are limited and neither PADs nor associated protein deimination have been studied in a Crustacean species. The current study assessed EV and deimination signatures in haemolymph of the American lobster. Lobster EVs were found to be a poly-dispersed population in the 10-500 nm size range, with the majority of smaller EVs, which fell within 22-115 nm. In lobster haemolymph, 9 key immune and metabolic proteins were identified to be post-translationally deiminated, while further 41 deiminated protein hits were identified when searching against a Crustacean database. KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) and GO (gene ontology) enrichment analysis of these deiminated proteins revealed KEGG and GO pathways relating to a number of immune, including anti-pathogenic (viral, bacterial, fungal) and host-pathogen interactions, as well as metabolic pathways, regulation of vesicle and exosome release, mitochondrial function, ATP generation, gene regulation, telomerase homeostasis and developmental processes. The characterisation of EVs, and post-translational deimination signatures, reported in lobster in the current study, and the first time in Crustacea, provides insights into protein moonlighting functions of both species-specific and phylogenetically conserved proteins and EV-mediated communication in this long-lived crustacean. The current study furthermore lays foundation for novel biomarker discovery for lobster aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Bowden
- Aquaculture Research Institute, School of Food & Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
| | - Igor Kraev
- Electron Microscopy Suite, Faculty of Science,Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK.
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
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Shi XQ, Zhu ZH, Yue SJ, Tang YP, Chen YY, Pu ZJ, Tao HJ, Zhou GS, Yang Y, Guo MJ, Ting-Xia Dong T, Tsim KWK, Duan JA. Integration of organ metabolomics and proteomics in exploring the blood enriching mechanism of Danggui Buxue Decoction in hemorrhagic anemia rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113000. [PMID: 32663590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD), as a classical Chinese medicine prescription, is composed of Danggui (DG) and Huangqi (HQ) at a ratio of 1:5, and it has been used clinically in treating anemia for hundreds of years. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to explore the treatment mechanisms of DBD in anemia rats from the perspective of thymus and spleen. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, a successful hemorrhagic anemia model was established, and metabolomics (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) and proteomics (label-free approach) together with bioinformatics (Gene Ontology analysis and Reactome pathway enrichment), correlation analysis (pearson correlation matrix) and joint pathway analysis (MetaboAnalyst) were employed to discover the underlying mechanisms of DBD. RESULTS DBD had a significant blood enrichment effect on hemorrhagic anemia rats. Metabolomics and proteomics results showed that DBD regulated a total of 10 metabolites (lysophosphatidylcholines, etc.) and 41 proteins (myeloperoxidase, etc.) in thymus, and 9 metabolites (L-methionine, etc.) and 24 proteins (transferrin, etc.) in spleen. With GO analysis and Reactome pathway enrichment, DBD mainly improved anti-oxidative stress ability of thymocyte and accelerated oxidative phosphorylation to provide ATP for splenocyte. Phenotype key indexes were strongly and positively associated with most of the differential proteins and metabolites, especially nucleosides, amino acids, Fabp4, Decr1 and Ndufs3. 14 pathways in thymus and 9 pathways in spleen were obtained through joint pathway analysis, in addition, the most influential pathway in thymus was arachidonic acid metabolism, while in spleen was the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan. Furthermore, DBD was validated to up-regulate Mpo, Hbb and Cp levels and down-regulate Ca2+ level in thymus, as well as up-regulate Fabp4, Ndufs3, Tf, Decr1 and ATP levels in spleen. CONCLUSION DBD might enhance thymus function mainly by reducing excessive lipid metabolism and intracellular Ca2+ level, and promote ATP production in spleen to provide energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Qin Shi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing,, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-Jun Yue
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zong-Jin Pu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui-Juan Tao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gui-Sheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing,, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Meng-Jie Guo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing,, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tina Ting-Xia Dong
- Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hongkong University of Science and Technology, Hongkong, 999077, China
| | - Karl Wah-Keung Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hongkong University of Science and Technology, Hongkong, 999077, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
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11
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Hart PC, Kenny HA, Grassl N, Watters KM, Litchfield LM, Coscia F, Blaženović I, Ploetzky L, Fiehn O, Mann M, Lengyel E, Romero IL. Mesothelial Cell HIF1α Expression Is Metabolically Downregulated by Metformin to Prevent Oncogenic Tumor-Stromal Crosstalk. Cell Rep 2020; 29:4086-4098.e6. [PMID: 31851935 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression, and, in ovarian cancer (OvCa), the primary TME is the omentum. Here, we show that the diabetes drug metformin alters mesothelial cells in the omental microenvironment. Metformin interrupts bidirectional signaling between tumor and mesothelial cells by blocking OvCa cell TGF-β signaling and mesothelial cell production of CCL2 and IL-8. Inhibition of tumor-stromal crosstalk by metformin is caused by the reduced expression of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) enzyme succinyl CoA ligase (SUCLG2). Through repressing this TCA enzyme and its metabolite, succinate, metformin activated prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs), resulting in the degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) in mesothelial cells. Disruption of HIF1α-driven IL-8 signaling in mesothelial cells by metformin results in reduced OvCa invasion in an organotypic 3D model. These findings indicate that tumor-promoting signaling between mesothelial and OvCa cells in the TME can be targeted using metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Hart
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hilary A Kenny
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Niklas Grassl
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Karen M Watters
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lacey M Litchfield
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Fabian Coscia
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Ivana Blaženović
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis Genome Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Ploetzky
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis Genome Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis Genome Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Ernst Lengyel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Iris L Romero
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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12
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Arneson-Wissink PC, Hogan KA, Ducharme AM, Samani A, Jatoi A, Doles JD. The wasting-associated metabolite succinate disrupts myogenesis and impairs skeletal muscle regeneration. JCSM RAPID COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 3:56-69. [PMID: 32905522 PMCID: PMC7470228 DOI: 10.1002/rco2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle wasting is a debilitating co-morbidity affecting most advanced cancer patients. Alongside enhanced muscle catabolism, defects in muscle repair/regeneration contribute to cancer-associated wasting. Among the factors implicated in suppression of muscle regeneration are cytokines that interfere with myogenic signal transduction pathways. Less understood is how other cancer/wasting-associated cues, such as metabolites, contribute to muscle dysfunction. This study investigates how the metabolite succinate affects myogenesis and muscle regeneration. METHODS We leveraged an established ectopic metabolite treatment (cell permeable dimethyl-succinate) strategy to evaluate the ability of intracellular succinate elevation to 1) affect myoblast homeostasis (proliferation, apoptosis), 2) disrupt protein dynamics and induce wasting-associated atrophy, and 3) modulate in vitro myogenesis. In vivo succinate supplementation experiments (2% succinate, 1% sucrose vehicle) were used to corroborate and extend in vitro observations. Metabolic profiling and functional metabolic studies were then performed to investigate the impact of succinate elevation on mitochondria function. RESULTS We found that in vitro succinate supplementation elevated intracellular succinate about 2-fold, and did not have an impact on proliferation or apoptosis of C2C12 myoblasts. Elevated succinate had minor effects on protein homeostasis (~25% decrease in protein synthesis assessed by OPP staining), and no significant effect on myotube atrophy. Succinate elevation interfered with in vitro myoblast differentiation, characterized by significant decreases in late markers of myogenesis and fewer nuclei per myosin heavy chain positive structure (assessed by immunofluorescence staining). While mice orally administered succinate did not exhibit changes in overall body composition or whole muscle weights, these mice displayed smaller muscle myofiber diameters (~6% decrease in the mean of non-linear regression curves fit to the histograms of minimum feret diameter distribution), which was exacerbated when muscle regeneration was induced with barium chloride injury. Significant decreases in the mean of non-linear regression curves fit to the histograms of minimum feret diameter distributions were observed 7 days and 28 days post injury. Elevated numbers of myogenin positive cells (3-fold increase) supportive of the differentiation defects observed in vitro were observed 28 days post injury. Metabolic profiling and functional metabolic assessment of myoblasts revealed that succinate elevation caused both widespread metabolic changes and significantly lowered maximal cellular respiration (~35% decrease). CONCLUSIONS This study broadens the repertoire of wasting-associated factors that can directly modulate muscle progenitor cell function and strengthens the hypothesis that metabolic derangements are significant contributors to impaired muscle regeneration, an important aspect of cancer-associated muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige C Arneson-Wissink
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905 USA
| | - Kelly A Hogan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905 USA
| | - Alexandra M Ducharme
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905 USA
| | - Adrienne Samani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905 USA
| | - Aminah Jatoi
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester,
Minnesota
| | - Jason D Doles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905 USA
- Corresponding Author: Jason D Doles, Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Guggenheim
16-11A1, Rochester, MN 55905, Tel: (507) 284-9372, Fax: (507) 284-3383,
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13
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Chinopoulos C. Quantification of mitochondrial DNA from peripheral tissues: Limitations in predicting the severity of neurometabolic disorders and proposal of a novel diagnostic test. Mol Aspects Med 2019; 71:100834. [PMID: 31740079 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neurometabolic disorders stem from errors in metabolic processes yielding a neurological phenotype. A subset of those disorders encompasses mitochondrial abnormalities partially due to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion. mtDNA depletion can be attributed to inheritance, spontaneous mutations or acquired from drug-related toxicities. In the armamentarium of diagnostic procedures, mtDNA quantification is a standard for disease classification. However, alterations in mtDNA obtained from peripheral tissues such as skin fibroblasts and blood cells do not often reflect the severity of the affected organ, in this case, the brain. The purpose of this review is to highlight the pitfalls of quantitating mtDNA from peripheral -and not limited to-tissues for diagnosing patients suffering from a variety of mtDNA depletion syndromes exhibiting neurologic abnormalities. In lieu, a qualitative test of mitochondrial substrate-level phosphorylation -even from peripheral tissues-reflecting the ability of mitochondria to rely on glutaminolysis in the presence of respiratory chain defects is proposed as a novel diagnostic assessment of mitochondrial functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Chinopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto St. 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
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14
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Demirbas D, Harris DJ, Arn PH, Huang X, Waisbren SE, Anselm I, Lerner‐Ellis JP, Wong L, Levy HL, Berry GT. Phenotypic variability in deficiency of the α subunit of succinate-CoA ligase. JIMD Rep 2019; 46:63-69. [PMID: 31240156 PMCID: PMC6498818 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinyl-CoA synthetase or succinate-CoA ligase deficiency can result from biallelic mutations in SUCLG1 gene that encodes for the alpha subunit of the succinyl-CoA synthetase. Mutations in this gene were initially associated with fatal infantile lactic acidosis. We describe an individual with a novel biallelic pathogenic mutation in SUCLG1 with a less severe phenotype dominated by behavioral problems. The mutation was identified to be c.512A>G corresponding to a p.Asn171Ser change in the protein. The liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based enzyme activity assay on cultured fibroblasts revealed a markedly reduced activity of succinyl-CoA synthetase enzyme when both ATP and GTP were substrates, affecting both ADP-forming and GDP-forming functions of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Demirbas
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - David J. Harris
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Pamela H. Arn
- Department of PediatricsNemours Children's Health SystemJacksonvilleFlorida
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Susan E. Waisbren
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Irina Anselm
- Department of NeurologyBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Jordan P. Lerner‐Ellis
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | | | - Harvey L. Levy
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Gerard T. Berry
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
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15
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Effects of hypoxia-reoxygenation stress on mitochondrial proteome and bioenergetics of the hypoxia-tolerant marine bivalve Crassostrea gigas. J Proteomics 2019; 194:99-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Chinopoulos C, Batzios S, van den Heuvel LP, Rodenburg R, Smeets R, Waterham HR, Turkenburg M, Ruiter JP, Wanders RJA, Doczi J, Horvath G, Dobolyi A, Vargiami E, Wevers RA, Zafeiriou D. Mutated SUCLG1 causes mislocalization of SUCLG2 protein, morphological alterations of mitochondria and an early-onset severe neurometabolic disorder. Mol Genet Metab 2019; 126:43-52. [PMID: 30470562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Succinate-CoA ligase (SUCL) is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha subunit encoded by SUCLG1, and a beta subunit encoded by either SUCLA2 or SUCLG2 catalyzing an ATP- or GTP-forming reaction, respectively, in the mitochondrial matrix. The deficiency of this enzyme represents an encephalomyopathic form of mtDNA depletion syndromes. We describe the fatal clinical course of a female patient with a pathogenic mutation in SUCLG1 (c.626C > A, p.Ala209Glu) heterozygous at the genomic DNA level, but homozygous at the transcriptional level. The patient exhibited early-onset neurometabolic abnormality culminating in severe brain atrophy and dystonia leading to death by the age of 3.5 years. Urine and plasma metabolite profiling was consistent with SUCL deficiency which was confirmed by enzyme analysis and lack of mitochondrial substrate-level phosphorylation (mSLP) in skin fibroblasts. Oxygen consumption- but not extracellular acidification rates were altered only when using glutamine as a substrate, and this was associated with mild mtDNA depletion and no changes in ETC activities. Immunoblot analysis revealed no detectable levels of SUCLG1, while SUCLA2 and SUCLG2 protein expressions were largely reduced. Confocal imaging of triple immunocytochemistry of skin fibroblasts showed that SUCLG2 co-localized only partially with the mitochondrial network which otherwise exhibited an increase in fragmentation compared to control cells. Our results outline the catastrophic consequences of the mutated SUCLG1 leading to strongly reduced SUCL activity, mSLP impairment, mislocalization of SUCLG2, morphological alterations in mitochondria and clinically to a severe neurometabolic disease, but in the absence of changes in mtDNA levels or respiratory complex activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Spyros Batzios
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, "Hippokratio" General Hospital, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Paediatric Metabolic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lambertus P van den Heuvel
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Smeets
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans R Waterham
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Turkenburg
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos P Ruiter
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald J A Wanders
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judit Doczi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergo Horvath
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arpad Dobolyi
- MTA-ELTE Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Euthymia Vargiami
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, "Hippokratio" General Hospital, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ron A Wevers
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Dimitrios Zafeiriou
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, "Hippokratio" General Hospital, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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17
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Silva F, Bambou J, Oliveira J, Barbier C, Fleury J, Machado T, Mandonnet N. Genome wide association study reveals new candidate genes for resistance to nematodes in Creole goat. Small Rumin Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Komlódi T, Tretter L. Methylene blue stimulates substrate-level phosphorylation catalysed by succinyl-CoA ligase in the citric acid cycle. Neuropharmacology 2017; 123:287-298. [PMID: 28495375 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB), a potential neuroprotective agent, is efficient in various neurodegenerative disease models. Beneficial effects of MB have been attributed to improvements in mitochondrial functions. Substrate-level phosphorylation (SLP) results in the production of ATP independent from the ATP synthase (ATP-ase). In energetically compromised mitochondria, ATP produced by SLP can prevent the reversal of the adenine nucleotide translocase and thus the hydrolysis of glycolytic ATP. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of MB on mitochondrial SLP catalysed by succinyl-CoA ligase. Measurements were carried out on isolated guinea pig cortical mitochondria respiring on α-ketoglutarate, glutamate, malate or succinate. The mitochondrial functions and parameters like ATP synthesis, oxygen consumption, membrane potential, and NAD(P)H level were followed online, in parallel with the redox state of MB. SLP-mediated ATP synthesis was measured in the presence of inhibitors for ATP-ase and adenylate kinase. In the presence of the ATP-ase inhibitor oligomycin MB stimulated respiration with all of the respiratory substrates. However, the rate of ATP synthesis increased only with substrates α-ketoglutarate and glutamate (forming succinyl-CoA). MB efficiently stimulated SLP and restored the membrane potential in mitochondria also with the combined inhibition of Complex I and ATP synthase. ATP formed by SLP alleviated the energetic insufficiency generated by the lack of oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, the MB-mediated stimulation of SLP might be important in maintaining the energetic competence of mitochondria and in preventing the mitochondrial hydrolysis of glycolytic ATP. The mitochondrial effects of MB are explained by the ability to accept electrons from reducing equivalents and transfer them to cytochrome c bypassing the respiratory Complexes I and III.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Komlódi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tuzolto St., Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - L Tretter
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tuzolto St., Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
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19
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Cervera-Carles L, Alcolea D, Estanga A, Ecay-Torres M, Izagirre A, Clerigué M, García-Sebastián M, Villanúa J, Escalas C, Blesa R, Martínez-Lage P, Lleó A, Fortea J, Clarimón J. Cerebrospinal fluid mitochondrial DNA in the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 53:192.e1-192.e4. [PMID: 28089353 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have been identified and proposed as a novel biomarker for the disease. The lack of validation studies of previous results prompted us to replicate this finding in a comprehensive series of patients and controls. We applied droplet digital polymerase chain reaction in CSF specimens from 124 patients representing the AD spectrum and 140 neurologically healthy controls. The following preanalytical and analytical parameters were evaluated: the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on mtDNA, the linearity of mtDNA load across serial dilutions, and the mtDNA levels in the diagnostic groups. We found a wide range of mtDNA copies, which resulted in a high degree of overlap between groups. Although the AD group presented significantly higher mtDNA counts, the receiver-operating characteristic analysis disclosed an area under the curve of 0.715 to distinguish AD patients from controls. MtDNA was highly stable with low analytical variability. In conclusion, mtDNA levels in CSF show a high interindividual variability, with great overlap within phenotypes and presents low sensitivity for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cervera-Carles
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainara Estanga
- Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mirian Ecay-Torres
- Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Andrea Izagirre
- Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Montserrat Clerigué
- Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Villanúa
- Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain; Donostia Unit, Osatek SA, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Clàudia Escalas
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Blesa
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Martínez-Lage
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Two transgenic mouse models for β-subunit components of succinate-CoA ligase yielding pleiotropic metabolic alterations. Biochem J 2016; 473:3463-3485. [PMID: 27496549 PMCID: PMC5126846 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Succinate-CoA ligase (SUCL) is a heterodimer enzyme composed of Suclg1 α-subunit and a substrate-specific Sucla2 or Suclg2 β-subunit yielding ATP or GTP, respectively. In humans, the deficiency of this enzyme leads to encephalomyopathy with or without methylmalonyl aciduria, in addition to resulting in mitochondrial DNA depletion. We generated mice lacking either one Sucla2 or Suclg2 allele. Sucla2 heterozygote mice exhibited tissue- and age-dependent decreases in Sucla2 expression associated with decreases in ATP-forming activity, but rebound increases in cardiac Suclg2 expression and GTP-forming activity. Bioenergetic parameters including substrate-level phosphorylation (SLP) were not different between wild-type and Sucla2 heterozygote mice unless a submaximal pharmacological inhibition of SUCL was concomitantly present. mtDNA contents were moderately decreased, but blood carnitine esters were significantly elevated. Suclg2 heterozygote mice exhibited decreases in Suclg2 expression but no rebound increases in Sucla2 expression or changes in bioenergetic parameters. Surprisingly, deletion of one Suclg2 allele in Sucla2 heterozygote mice still led to a rebound but protracted increase in Suclg2 expression, yielding double heterozygote mice with no alterations in GTP-forming activity or SLP, but more pronounced changes in mtDNA content and blood carnitine esters, and an increase in succinate dehydrogenase activity. We conclude that a partial reduction in Sucla2 elicits rebound increases in Suclg2 expression, which is sufficiently dominant to overcome even a concomitant deletion of one Suclg2 allele, pleiotropically affecting metabolic pathways associated with SUCL. These results as well as the availability of the transgenic mouse colonies will be of value in understanding SUCL deficiency.
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Zhao Y, Hou Y, Zhao C, Liu F, Luan Y, Jing L, Li X, Zhu M, Zhao S. Cis-Natural Antisense Transcripts Are Mainly Co-expressed with Their Sense Transcripts and Primarily Related to Energy Metabolic Pathways during Muscle Development. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:1010-21. [PMID: 27489504 PMCID: PMC4971739 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.14825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cis-natural antisense transcripts (cis-NATs) are a new class of RNAs identified in various species. However, the biological functions of cis-NATs are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the transcriptional characteristics and functions of cis-NATs in the muscle tissue of lean Landrace and indigenous fatty Lantang pigs. In total, 3,306 cis-NATs of 2,469 annotated genes were identified in the muscle tissue of pigs. More than 1,300 cis-NATs correlated with their sense genes at the transcriptional level, and approximately 80% of them were co-expressed in the two breeds. Furthermore, over 1,200 differentially expressed cis-NATs were identified during muscle development. Function annotation showed that the cis-NATs participated in muscle development mainly by co-expressing with genes involved in energy metabolic pathways, including citrate cycle (TCA cycle), glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, mitochondrial activation and so on. Moreover, these cis-NATs and their sense genes abruptly increased at the transition from the late fetal stages to the early postnatal stages and then decreased along with muscle development. In conclusion, the cis-NATs in the muscle tissue of pigs were identified and determined to be mainly co-expressed with their sense genes. The co-expressed cis-NATs and their sense gene were primarily related to energy metabolic pathways during muscle development in pigs. Our results offered novel evidence on the roles of cis-NATs during the muscle development of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhao
- 1. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
- 2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Ye Hou
- 1. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
- 2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Changzhi Zhao
- 1. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
- 2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Fei Liu
- 1. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
- 2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yu Luan
- 1. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
- 2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Lu Jing
- 1. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
- 2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xinyun Li
- 1. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
- 2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Mengjin Zhu
- 1. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
- 2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- 1. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
- 2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
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Hu L, Wang C, Zhang Q, Yan H, Li Y, Pan J, Tang Z. Mitochondrial Protein Profile in Mice with Low or Excessive Selenium Diets. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071137. [PMID: 27428959 PMCID: PMC4964510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary selenium putatively prevents oxidative damage, whereas excessive selenium may lead to animal disorder. In this study, we investigated the effects of low and excessive levels of dietary selenium on oxidative stress and mitochondrial proteins in mouse liver. Six to eight week old mice were fed a diet with low, excessive, or moderate (control) levels of selenium (sodium selenite). The selenium concentration and oxidative stress-related parameters in hepatic mitochondria were evaluated. Two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were applied to identify the differentially-expressed proteins associated with dietary selenium. The selenium content of the livers in mice with the low selenium diet was significantly lower than that of the control, while that of mice fed excessive levels was significantly higher. In both groups oxidative stress in hepatic mitochondria was found; accompanied by lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) levels and higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content, compared with the control group. Furthermore, ten proteins in the hepatic mitochondria of the selenium-low or -excessive groups with more than two-fold differences in abundance compared with the control group were identified. The differentially-expressed proteins in hepatic mitochondria may be associated with dietary (low or excessive) selenium-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Congcong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Hao Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jiaqiang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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23
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Güngör O, Özkaya AK, Güngör G, Karaer K, Dilber C, Aydin K. Novel mutation in SUCLA2 identified on sequencing analysis. Pediatr Int 2016; 58:659-61. [PMID: 26952923 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Succinate-CoA ligase, ADP-forming, beta subunit (SUCLA2)-related mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome is caused by mutations affecting the ADP-using isoform of the beta subunit in succinyl-CoA synthase, which is involved in the Krebs cycle. The SUCLA2 protein is found mostly in heart, skeletal muscle, and brain tissues. SUCLA2 mutations result in a mitochondrial disorder that manifests as deafness, lesions in the basal ganglia, and encephalomyopathy accompanied by dystonia. Such mutations are generally associated with mildly increased plasma methylmalonic acid, increased plasma lactate, elevated plasma carnitine esters, and the presence of methylmalonic acid in urine. In this case report, we describe a new mutation in a patient with a succinyl-CoA synthase deficiency caused by an SUCLA2 defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olcay Güngör
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kağan Özkaya
- Department of Pediatric Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Gülay Güngör
- Department of Radiology, Necip Fazıl City Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Kadri Karaer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Dr Ersin Arslan State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Dilber
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Kürşad Aydin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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24
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Succinate, an intermediate in metabolism, signal transduction, ROS, hypoxia, and tumorigenesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:1086-1101. [PMID: 26971832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Succinate is an important metabolite at the cross-road of several metabolic pathways, also involved in the formation and elimination of reactive oxygen species. However, it is becoming increasingly apparent that its realm extends to epigenetics, tumorigenesis, signal transduction, endo- and paracrine modulation and inflammation. Here we review the pathways encompassing succinate as a metabolite or a signal and how these may interact in normal and pathological conditions.(1).
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25
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Li G, Liu L, Li P, Chen L, Song H, Zhang Y. Gene expression profiling of selenophosphate synthetase 2 knockdown in Drosophila melanogaster. Metallomics 2016; 8:354-65. [PMID: 26824785 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00134j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an important trace element for many organisms and is incorporated into selenoproteins as selenocysteine (Sec). In eukaryotes, selenophosphate synthetase SPS2 is essential for Sec biosynthesis. In recent years, genetic disruptions of both Sec biosynthesis genes and selenoprotein genes have been investigated in different animal models, which provide important clues for understanding the Se metabolism and function in these organisms. However, a systematic study on the knockdown of SPS2 has not been performed in vivo. Herein, we conducted microarray experiments to study the transcriptome of fruit flies with knockdown of SPS2 in larval and adult stages. Several hundred differentially expressed genes were identified in each stage. In spite that the expression levels of other Sec biosynthesis genes and selenoprotein genes were not significantly changed, it is possible that selenoprotein translation might be reduced without impacting the mRNA level. Functional enrichment and network-based analyses revealed that although different sets of differentially expressed genes were obtained in each stage, they were both significantly enriched in the carbohydrate metabolism and redox processes. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI)-based network clustering analysis implied that several hub genes detected in the top modules, such as Nimrod C1 and regucalcin, could be considered as key regulators that are responsible for the complex responses caused by SPS2 knockdown. Overall, our data provide new insights into the relationship between Se utilization and several fundamental cellular processes as well as diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaopeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. and Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. and Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. and Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. and Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haiyun Song
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. and Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. and Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
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26
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Dalla Rosa I, Cámara Y, Durigon R, Moss CF, Vidoni S, Akman G, Hunt L, Johnson MA, Grocott S, Wang L, Thorburn DR, Hirano M, Poulton J, Taylor RW, Elgar G, Martí R, Voshol P, Holt IJ, Spinazzola A. MPV17 Loss Causes Deoxynucleotide Insufficiency and Slow DNA Replication in Mitochondria. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1005779. [PMID: 26760297 PMCID: PMC4711891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MPV17 is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein whose dysfunction causes mitochondrial DNA abnormalities and disease by an unknown mechanism. Perturbations of deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) pools are a recognized cause of mitochondrial genomic instability; therefore, we determined DNA copy number and dNTP levels in mitochondria of two models of MPV17 deficiency. In Mpv17 ablated mice, liver mitochondria showed substantial decreases in the levels of dGTP and dTTP and severe mitochondrial DNA depletion, whereas the dNTP pool was not significantly altered in kidney and brain mitochondria that had near normal levels of DNA. The shortage of mitochondrial dNTPs in Mpv17-/- liver slows the DNA replication in the organelle, as evidenced by the elevated level of replication intermediates. Quiescent fibroblasts of MPV17-mutant patients recapitulate key features of the primary affected tissue of the Mpv17-/- mice, displaying virtual absence of the protein, decreased dNTP levels and mitochondrial DNA depletion. Notably, the mitochondrial DNA loss in the patients’ quiescent fibroblasts was prevented and rescued by deoxynucleoside supplementation. Thus, our study establishes dNTP insufficiency in the mitochondria as the cause of mitochondrial DNA depletion in MPV17 deficiency, and identifies deoxynucleoside supplementation as a potential therapeutic strategy for MPV17-related disease. Moreover, changes in the expression of factors involved in mitochondrial deoxynucleotide homeostasis indicate a remodeling of nucleotide metabolism in MPV17 disease models, which suggests mitochondria lacking functional MPV17 have a restricted purine mitochondrial salvage pathway. Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS) is a genetically heterogeneous condition characterized by a decrease of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and decreased activities of respiratory chain enzymes. Depletion of mtDNA has been associated with mutations in several genes, which encode either proteins directly involved in mtDNA replication or factors regulating the homeostasis of the mitochondrial deoxynucleotide pool. However, for some genes the mechanism linking mutations and mtDNA depletion is not known. One such gene is MPV17, whose loss-of-function causes mtDNA abnormalities in human, mouse and yeast. Here we show that MPV17 dysfunction leads to a shortage of the precursors for DNA synthesis in the mitochondria, slowing DNA replication in the organelle. Not only does mtDNA copy number correlate with dNTP pool size in both mouse tissues and human cells, deoxynucleoside supplementation of the growth medium prevents depletion and restores mtDNA copy number in quiescent MPV17-deficient cells. Hence, our study links MPV17 deficiency, insufficiency of mitochondrial dNTPs, and slow replication in mitochondria to depletion of mtDNA manifesting in the human disease, and places MPV17-related disease firmly in the category of mtDNA disorders caused by deoxynucleotide perturbation. The prevention and reversal of mtDNA loss in MPV17 patient-derived cells identifies potential therapeutic strategy for a currently untreatable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yolanda Cámara
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Sara Vidoni
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Building, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gokhan Akman
- MRC Mill Hill Laboratory, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lilian Hunt
- MRC Mill Hill Laboratory, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A. Johnson
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Building, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Grocott
- Mitochondrial Genetics Group, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's Centre, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David R. Thorburn
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michio Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Joanna Poulton
- Mitochondrial Genetics Group, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's Centre, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robert W. Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, The Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Greg Elgar
- MRC Mill Hill Laboratory, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ramon Martí
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Voshol
- Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. Holt
- MRC Mill Hill Laboratory, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Liu Y, Li X, Wang Q, Ding Y, Song J, Yang Y. Five novel SUCLG1 mutations in three Chinese patients with succinate-CoA ligase deficiency noticed by mild methylmalonic aciduria. Brain Dev 2016; 38:61-7. [PMID: 26028457 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Methylmalonic aciduria is the most common organic aciduria in mainland China. Succinate-CoA ligase deficiency causes encephalomyopathy with mitochondrial DNA depletion and mild methylmalonic aciduria. Patients usually present with severe encephalomyopathy, infantile lactic acidosis, which can be fatal, and mild methylmalonic aciduria. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three Chinese patients (two boys and one girl) were hospitalized because of severe encephalomyopathy between 7 and 9 months. They presented with severe psychomotor retardation, hypotonia, dystonia, athetoid movements, seizures, feeding problems and failure to thrive. Mild elevated urine methylmalonic acid and blood propionylcarnitine indicated methylmalonic aciduria. Gene capture and high-throughput genomic sequencing was carried out. RESULTS Five novel mutations in SUCLG1 were identified in these patients: c.550G>A (p.G184S) in exon 5, c.751C>T (p.G251S) in exon 7, c.809A>C (p.L270W) in exon 7, c.961C>G (p.A321P) in exon 8 and c.826-2A>G (Splicing) in exon 9. Significant depletion of mtDNA was not observed in the peripheral leukocytes of the three patients in spite of mild decreasing of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I in two patients and complex V in one patient. After treatment with cobalamin, calcium folinate, L-carnitine, vitamin B1, C, and coenzyme Q10, and nutrition intervention, the patients improved. CONCLUSIONS Succinate-CoA ligase deficiency due to SUCLG1 mutations is a rare cause of methylmalonic aciduria. Biochemical and gene studies are keys for the differential diagnoses. Three Chinese patients with mild methylmalonic aciduria were genetically diagnosed using high-throughput genomic sequencing. Five novel pathogenic mutations in SUCLG1 were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Liu
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiyuan Li
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jinqing Song
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yanling Yang
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
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28
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Bui-Nguyen TM, Baer CE, Lewis JA, Yang D, Lein PJ, Jackson DA. Dichlorvos exposure results in large scale disruption of energy metabolism in the liver of the zebrafish, Danio rerio. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:853. [PMID: 26499117 PMCID: PMC4619386 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1941-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to dichlorvos (DDVP), an organophosphorus pesticide, is known to result in neurotoxicity as well as other metabolic perturbations. However, the molecular causes of DDVP toxicity are poorly understood, especially in cells other than neurons and muscle cells. To obtain a better understanding of the process of non-neuronal DDVP toxicity, we exposed zebrafish to different concentrations of DDVP, and investigated the resulting changes in liver histology and gene transcription. Results Functional enrichment analysis of genes affected by DDVP exposure identified a number of processes involved in energy utilization and stress response in the liver. The abundance of transcripts for proteins involved in glucose metabolism was profoundly affected, suggesting that carbon flux might be diverted toward the pentose phosphate pathway to compensate for an elevated demand for energy and reducing equivalents for detoxification. Strikingly, many transcripts for molecules involved in β-oxidation and fatty acid synthesis were down-regulated. We found increases in message levels for molecules involved in reactive oxygen species responses as well as ubiquitination, proteasomal degradation, and autophagy. To ensure that the effects of DDVP on energy metabolism were not simply a consequence of poor feeding because of neuromuscular impairment, we fasted fish for 29 or 50 h and analyzed liver gene expression in them. The patterns of gene expression for energy metabolism in fasted and DDVP-exposed fish were markedly different. Conclusion We observed coordinated changes in the expression of a large number of genes involved in energy metabolism and responses to oxidative stress. These results argue that an appreciable part of the effect of DDVP is on energy metabolism and is regulated at the message level. Although we observed some evidence of neuromuscular impairment in exposed fish that may have resulted in reduced feeding, the alterations in gene expression in exposed fish cannot readily be explained by nutrient deprivation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1941-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tri M Bui-Nguyen
- ORISE Postdoctoral Fellow, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA. .,Current address: US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
| | | | - John A Lewis
- US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Dongren Yang
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - David A Jackson
- US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA.
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29
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Colak G, Pougovkina O, Dai L, Tan M, Te Brinke H, Huang H, Cheng Z, Park J, Wan X, Liu X, Yue WW, Wanders RJA, Locasale JW, Lombard DB, de Boer VCJ, Zhao Y. Proteomic and Biochemical Studies of Lysine Malonylation Suggest Its Malonic Aciduria-associated Regulatory Role in Mitochondrial Function and Fatty Acid Oxidation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:3056-71. [PMID: 26320211 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.048850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein substrates of sirtuin 5-regulated lysine malonylation (Kmal) remain unknown, hindering its functional analysis. In this study, we carried out proteomic screening, which identified 4042 Kmal sites on 1426 proteins in mouse liver and 4943 Kmal sites on 1822 proteins in human fibroblasts. Increased malonyl-CoA levels in malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MCD)-deficient cells induces Kmal levels in substrate proteins. We identified 461 Kmal sites showing more than a 2-fold increase in response to MCD deficiency as well as 1452 Kmal sites detected only in MCD-/- fibroblast but not MCD+/+ cells, suggesting a pathogenic role of Kmal in MCD deficiency. Cells with increased lysine malonylation displayed impaired mitochondrial function and fatty acid oxidation, suggesting that lysine malonylation plays a role in pathophysiology of malonic aciduria. Our study establishes an association between Kmal and a genetic disease and offers a rich resource for elucidating the contribution of the Kmal pathway and malonyl-CoA to cellular physiology and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Colak
- From the Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Olga Pougovkina
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry and
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- From the Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Minjia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Heleen Te Brinke
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry and
| | - He Huang
- From the Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | | | - Jeongsoon Park
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Xuelian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, and
| | - Wyatt W Yue
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ronald J A Wanders
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Department of Pediatrics, Emma's Children Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, and
| | - David B Lombard
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Vincent C J de Boer
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Department of Pediatrics, Emma's Children Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Yingming Zhao
- From the Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China,
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Szczepanowska K, Trifunovic A. Different faces of mitochondrial DNA mutators. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1847:1362-72. [PMID: 26014346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies have shown that ageing is associated with increased amounts of mtDNA deletions and/or point mutations in a variety of species as diverse as Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, mice, rats, dogs, primates and humans. This detected vulnerability of mtDNA has led to the suggestion that the accumulation of somatic mtDNA mutations might arise from increased oxidative damage and could play an important role in the ageing process by producing cells with a decreased oxidative capacity. However, the vast majority of DNA polymorphisms and disease-causing base-substitution mutations and age-associated mutations that have been detected in human mtDNA are transition mutations. They are likely arising from the slight infidelity of the mitochondrial DNA polymerase. Indeed, transition mutations are also the predominant type of mutation found in mtDNA mutator mice, a model for premature ageing caused by increased mutation load due to the error prone mitochondrial DNA synthesis. These particular misincorporation events could also be exacerbated by dNTP pool imbalances. The role of different repair, replication and maintenance mechanisms that contribute to mtDNA integrity and mutagenesis will be discussed in details in this article. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Szczepanowska
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Ageing, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Ageing, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.
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31
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Hirschey MD, Zhao Y. Metabolic Regulation by Lysine Malonylation, Succinylation, and Glutarylation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2308-15. [PMID: 25717114 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.r114.046664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein acetylation is a well-studied regulatory mechanism for several cellular processes, ranging from gene expression to metabolism. Recent discoveries of new post-translational modifications, including malonylation, succinylation, and glutarylation, have expanded our understanding of the types of modifications found on proteins. These three acidic lysine modifications are structurally similar but have the potential to regulate different proteins in different pathways. The deacylase sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) catalyzes the removal of these modifications from a wide range of proteins in different subcellular compartments. Here, we review these new modifications, their regulation by SIRT5, and their emerging role in cellular regulation and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Hirschey
- From the ‡Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Sarah W. Stedman Metabolism and Nutrition Center, §Departments of Medicine & Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710;
| | - Yingming Zhao
- ¶Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
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Ramirez A, van der Flier WM, Herold C, Ramonet D, Heilmann S, Lewczuk P, Popp J, Lacour A, Drichel D, Louwersheimer E, Kummer MP, Cruchaga C, Hoffmann P, Teunissen C, Holstege H, Kornhuber J, Peters O, Naj AC, Chouraki V, Bellenguez C, Gerrish A, Heun R, Frölich L, Hüll M, Buscemi L, Herms S, Kölsch H, Scheltens P, Breteler MM, Rüther E, Wiltfang J, Goate A, Jessen F, Maier W, Heneka MT, Becker T, Nöthen MM. SUCLG2 identified as both a determinator of CSF Aβ1-42 levels and an attenuator of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:6644-58. [PMID: 25027320 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ1-42) and phosphorylated Tau at position 181 (pTau181) are biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We performed an analysis and meta-analysis of genome-wide association study data on Aβ1-42 and pTau181 in AD dementia patients followed by independent replication. An association was found between Aβ1-42 level and a single-nucleotide polymorphism in SUCLG2 (rs62256378) (P = 2.5×10(-12)). An interaction between APOE genotype and rs62256378 was detected (P = 9.5 × 10(-5)), with the strongest effect being observed in APOE-ε4 noncarriers. Clinically, rs62256378 was associated with rate of cognitive decline in AD dementia patients (P = 3.1 × 10(-3)). Functional microglia experiments showed that SUCLG2 was involved in clearance of Aβ1-42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Institute of Human Genetics,
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Herold
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Heilmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center
| | - Piotr Lewczuk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - André Lacour
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dmitriy Drichel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Louwersheimer
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Markus P Kummer
- Clinical Neuroscience Unit, Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, School of Medicine
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Teunissen
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henne Holstege
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité, 14050, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adam C Naj
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Vincent Chouraki
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118, Boston, USA, The Framingham Heart Study, MA 01702, Framingham, USA
| | - Céline Bellenguez
- Inserm, U744, Lille 59000, France, Université Lille 2, Lille 59000, France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Amy Gerrish
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | | | - Lutz Frölich
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Hüll
- Centre for Geriatric Medicine and Section of Gerontopsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Medical School, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lara Buscemi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, UNIL, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland and
| | - Stefan Herms
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Philip Scheltens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M Breteler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eckart Rüther
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alison Goate
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Genetics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- Clinical Neuroscience Unit, Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tim Becker
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center
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Luís PBM, Ruiter J, IJlst L, de Almeida IT, Duran M, Wanders RJA, Silva MFB. Valproyl-CoA inhibits the activity of ATP- and GTP-dependent succinate:CoA ligases. J Inherit Metab Dis 2014; 37:353-7. [PMID: 24154984 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-013-9657-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valproic acid (VPA) is an effective antiepileptic drug that may induce progressive microvesicular steatosis. The impairment of mitochondrial function may be an important metabolic effect of VPA treatment with potential adverse consequences. OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of VPA on the activity of GTP- and ATP-specific succinate:CoA ligases (G-SUCL and A-SUCL). METHODS The GTP- and ATP-specific SUCL activities were measured in human fibroblasts in the reverse direction, i.e. the formation of succinyl-CoA. These were assessed at different concentrations of succinate in the presence of VPA, valproyl-CoA and zinc chloride, an established inhibitor of the enzymes. Activities were measured using an optimized HPLC procedure. RESULTS Valproyl-CoA (1 mM) inhibited the activity of A-SUCL and G-SUCL by 45-55% and 25-50%, respectively. VPA (1 mM) had no influence on the activity of the two enzymes. DISCUSSION Valproyl-CoA appears to affect the activity of SUCL, especially with the ATP-specific enzyme. Considering the key role of SUCL in the Krebs cycle, interference with its activity might impair the cellular energy status. Moreover, A-SUCL is bound to the nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK), which is responsible for the mitochondrial (deoxy)nucleotide synthesis. An inhibition of A-SUCL might influence the activity of NDPK inducing an imbalance of nucleotides in the mitochondria and eventually mitochondrial DNA depletion. This may account for the potential liver failure associated with valproate therapy, reported in patients with deficiencies within the mitochondrial DNA replicase system such as polymerase gamma 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula B M Luís
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences - iMED.UL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
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Dobolyi A, Ostergaard E, Bagó AG, Dóczi T, Palkovits M, Gál A, Molnár MJ, Adam-Vizi V, Chinopoulos C. Exclusive neuronal expression of SUCLA2 in the human brain. Brain Struct Funct 2013; 220:135-51. [PMID: 24085565 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-013-0643-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
SUCLA2 encodes the ATP-forming β subunit (A-SUCL-β) of succinyl-CoA ligase, an enzyme of the citric acid cycle. Mutations in SUCLA2 lead to a mitochondrial disorder manifesting as encephalomyopathy with dystonia, deafness and lesions in the basal ganglia. Despite the distinct brain pathology associated with SUCLA2 mutations, the precise localization of SUCLA2 protein has never been investigated. Here, we show that immunoreactivity of A-SUCL-β in surgical human cortical tissue samples was present exclusively in neurons, identified by their morphology and visualized by double labeling with a fluorescent Nissl dye. A-SUCL-β immunoreactivity co-localized >99 % with that of the d subunit of the mitochondrial F0-F1 ATP synthase. Specificity of the anti-A-SUCL-β antiserum was verified by the absence of labeling in fibroblasts from a patient with a complete deletion of SUCLA2. A-SUCL-β immunoreactivity was absent in glial cells, identified by antibodies directed against the glial markers GFAP and S100. Furthermore, in situ hybridization histochemistry demonstrated that SUCLA2 mRNA was present in Nissl-labeled neurons but not glial cells labeled with S100. Immunoreactivity of the GTP-forming β subunit (G-SUCL-β) encoded by SUCLG2, or in situ hybridization histochemistry for SUCLG2 mRNA could not be demonstrated in either neurons or astrocytes. Western blotting of post mortem brain samples revealed minor G-SUCL-β immunoreactivity that was, however, not upregulated in samples obtained from diabetic versus non-diabetic patients, as has been described for murine brain. Our work establishes that SUCLA2 is expressed exclusively in neurons in the human cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpád Dobolyi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
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Navarro-Sastre A, Tort F, Garcia-Villoria J, Pons MR, Nascimento A, Colomer J, Campistol J, Yoldi ME, López-Gallardo E, Montoya J, Unceta M, Martinez MJ, Briones P, Ribes A. Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome: new descriptions and the use of citrate synthase as a helpful tool to better characterise the patients. Mol Genet Metab 2012; 107:409-15. [PMID: 22980518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS) is a clinically heterogeneous group of mitochondrial disorders characterised by a quantitative reduction of the mitochondrial DNA copy number. Three main clinical forms of MDS: myopathic, encephalomyopathic and hepatocerebral have been defined, although patients may present with other MDS associated clinical symptoms and signs that cover a wide spectrum of onset age and disease. We studied 52 paediatric individuals suspected to have MDS. These patients have been divided into three different groups, and the appropriate MDS genes have been screened according to their clinical and biochemical phenotypes. Mutational study of DGUOK, MPV17, SUCLA2, SUCLG1 and POLG allowed us to identify 3 novel mutations (c.1048G>A and c.1049G>T in SUCLA2 and c.531+4A>T in SUCLG1) and 7 already known mutations in 10 patients (8 families). Seventeen patients presented with mtDNA depletion in liver or muscle, but the cause of mtDNA depletion still remains unknown in 8 of them. When possible, we quantified mtDNA/nDNA and CS activity in the same tissue sample, providing an additional tool for the study of MDS. The ratio (mtDNA/nDNA)/CS has shed some light in the discrepant results between the mtDNA copy number and the enzymatic respiratory chain activities of some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleix Navarro-Sastre
- Division of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Pi Sunyer, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Associations between gene polymorphisms in two crucial metabolic pathways and growth traits in pigs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-012-5328-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases in children are often associated with a peripheral neuropathy but the presence of the neuropathy is under-recognized because of the overwhelming involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). These mitochondrial neuropathies are heterogeneous in their clinical, neurophysiological, and histopathological characteristics. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of childhood mitochondrial neuropathy. Early recognition of neuropathy may help with the identification of the mitochondrial syndrome. While it is not definite that the characteristics of the neuropathy would help in directing genetic testing without the requirement for invasive skin, muscle or liver biopsies, there appears to be some evidence for this hypothesis in Leigh syndrome, in which nuclear SURF1 mutations cause a demyelinating neuropathy and mitochondrial DNA MTATP6 mutations cause an axonal neuropathy. POLG1 mutations, especially when associated with late-onset phenotypes, appear to cause a predominantly sensory neuropathy with prominent ataxia. The identification of the peripheral neuropathy also helps to target genetic testing in the mitochondrial optic neuropathies. Although often subclinical, the peripheral neuropathy may occasionally be symptomatic and cause significant disability. Where it is symptomatic, recognition of the neuropathy will help the early institution of rehabilitative therapy. We therefore suggest that nerve conduction studies should be a part of the early evaluation of children with suspected mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj P Menezes
- The Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Michelsen NV, Brusgaard K, Tan Q, Thomassen M, Hussain K, Christesen HT. Investigation of Archived Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Pancreatic Tissue with Whole-Genome Gene Expression Microarray. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5402/2011/275102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue overcomes the most prominent issues related to research on relatively rare diseases: limited sample size, availability of control tissue, and time frame. The use of FFPE pancreatic tissue in GEM may be especially challenging due to its very high amounts of ribonucleases compared to other tissues/organs. In choosing pancreatic tissue, we therefore indirectly address the applicability of other FFPE tissues to gene expression microarray (GEM). GEM was performed on archived, routinely fixed, FFPE pancreatic tissue from patients with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI), insulinoma, and deceased age-appropriate neonates, using whole-genome arrays. Although ribonuclease-rich, we obtained biologically relevant and disease-specific, significant genes; cancer-related genes; genes involved in (a) the regulation of insulin secretion and synthesis, (b) amino acid metabolism, and (c) calcium ion homeostasis. These results should encourage future research and GEM studies on FFPE tissue from the invaluable biobanks available at the departments of pathology worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nete V. Michelsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sdr Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Klaus Brusgaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sdr Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Qihua Tan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sdr Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sdr Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Great Ormond Street Children’s Hospital NHS Trust and Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Henrik T. Christesen
- H.C. Andersen Children’s Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Sdr Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
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Sakamoto O, Ohura T, Murayama K, Ohtake A, Harashima H, Abukawa D, Takeyama J, Haginoya K, Miyabayashi S, Kure S. Neonatal lactic acidosis with methylmalonic aciduria due to novel mutations in the SUCLG1 gene. Pediatr Int 2011; 53:921-5. [PMID: 21639866 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2011.03412.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Succinyl-coenzyme A ligase (SUCL) is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyses the reversible conversion of succinyl-coenzyme A to succinate. SUCL consists of an α subunit, encoded by SUCLG1, and a β subunit, encoded by either SUCLA2 or SUCLG2. Recently, mutations in SUCLG1 or SUCLA2 have been identified in patients with infantile lactic acidosis showing elevated urinary excretion of methylmalonate, mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) deficiency, and mitochondrial DNA depletion. METHODS Case description of a Japanese female patient who manifested a neonatal-onset lactic acidosis with urinary excretion of methylmalonic acid. Enzymatic analyses (MRC enzyme assay and Western blotting) and direct sequencing analysis of SUCLA2 and SUCLG1 were performed. RESULTS MRC enzyme assay and Western blotting showed that MRC complex I was deficient. SUCLG1 mutation analysis showed that the patient was a compound heterozygote for disease-causing mutations (p.M14T and p.S200F). CONCLUSION For patients showing neonatal lactic acidosis and prolonged mild methylmalonic aciduria, MRC activities and mutations of SUCLG1 or SUCLA2 should be screened for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Sakamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Rahman H, Qasim M, Schultze FC, Oellerich M, R Asif A. Fetal calf serum heat inactivation and lipopolysaccharide contamination influence the human T lymphoblast proteome and phosphoproteome. Proteome Sci 2011; 9:71. [PMID: 22085958 PMCID: PMC3280938 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-9-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of fetal calf serum (FCS) heat inactivation and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contamination on cell physiology have been studied, but their effect on the proteome of cultured cells has yet to be described. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of heat inactivation of FCS and LPS contamination on the human T lymphoblast proteome. Human T lymphoblastic leukaemia (CCRF-CEM) cells were grown in FCS, either non-heated, or heat inactivated, having low (< 1 EU/mL) or regular (< 30 EU/mL) LPS concentrations. Protein lysates were resolved by 2-DE followed by phospho-specific and silver nitrate staining. Differentially regulated spots were identified by nano LC ESI Q-TOF MS/MS analysis. RESULTS A total of four proteins (EIF3M, PRS7, PSB4, and SNAPA) were up-regulated when CCRF-CEM cells were grown in media supplemented with heat inactivated FCS (HE) as compared to cells grown in media with non-heated FCS (NHE). Six proteins (TCPD, ACTA, NACA, TCTP, ACTB, and ICLN) displayed a differential phosphorylation pattern between the NHE and HE groups. Compared to the low concentration LPS group, regular levels of LPS resulted in the up-regulation of three proteins (SYBF, QCR1, and SUCB1). CONCLUSION The present study provides new information regarding the effect of FCS heat inactivation and change in FCS-LPS concentration on cellular protein expression, and post-translational modification in human T lymphoblasts. Both heat inactivation and LPS contamination of FCS were shown to modulate the expression and phosphorylation of proteins involved in basic cellular functions, such as protein synthesis, cytoskeleton stability, oxidative stress regulation and apoptosis. Hence, the study emphasizes the need to consider both heat inactivation and LPS contamination of FCS as factors that can influence the T lymphoblast proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazir Rahman
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Centre, Goettingen, Germany.
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41
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Chinopoulos C. The "B space" of mitochondrial phosphorylation. J Neurosci Res 2011; 89:1897-904. [PMID: 21541983 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It was recently shown that, in progressively depolarizing mitochondria, the F(0) -F(1) ATP synthase and the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) may change directionality independently from each other (Chinopoulos et al. [2010] FASEB J. 24:2405). When the membrane potentials at which these two molecular entities reverse directionality, termed reversal potential (Erev), are plotted as a function of matrix ATP/ADP ratio, an area of the plot is bracketed by the Erev_ATPase and the Erev_ANT, which we call "B space". Both reversal potentials are dynamic, in that they depend on the fluctuating values of the participating reactants; however, Erev_ATPase is almost always more negative than Erev_ANT. Here we review the conditions that define the boundaries of the "B space". Emphasis is placed on the role of matrix substrate-level phosphorylation, because during metabolic compromise this mechanism could maintain mitochondrial membrane potential and prevent the influx of cytosolic ATP destined for hydrolysis by the reversed F(0) -F(1) ATP synthase.
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42
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Identification of lysine succinylation as a new post-translational modification. Nat Chem Biol 2010; 7:58-63. [PMID: 21151122 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 635] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Of the 20 ribosomally coded amino acid residues, lysine is the most frequently post-translationally modified, which has important functional and regulatory consequences. Here we report the identification and verification of a previously unreported form of protein post-translational modification (PTM): lysine succinylation. The succinyllysine residue was initially identified by mass spectrometry and protein sequence alignment. The identified succinyllysine peptides derived from in vivo proteins were verified by western blot analysis, in vivo labeling with isotopic succinate, MS/MS and HPLC coelution of their synthetic counterparts. We further show that lysine succinylation is evolutionarily conserved and that this PTM responds to different physiological conditions. Our study also implies that succinyl-CoA might be a cofactor for lysine succinylation. Given the apparent high abundance of lysine succinylation and the significant structural changes induced by this PTM, it is expected that lysine succinylation has important cellular functions.
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43
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Arsenic-induced protein phosphorylation changes in HeLa cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:2099-107. [PMID: 20803194 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4128-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is well documented as a chemotherapeutic agent capable of inducing cell death while at the same time is considered a human carcinogen and an environmental contaminant. Although arsenic toxicity is well known and has formed an impressive literature over the time, little is known about how its effects are exerted at the proteome level. Protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification involved in the regulation of cell signaling and likely is altered by arsenic treatment. Despite the importance of phosphorylation for many regulatory processes in cells, the identification and characterization of phosphorylation, as effected by arsenic through mass spectrometric detection, are not fully studied. Here, we identify phosphorylated proteins, which are related to post-translational modifications after phenylarsine oxide (PAO) inoculation to HeLa cells. PAO was chosen because of its high cytotoxicity, measured earlier in these labs. In this study, size exclusion chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SEC-ICP-MS) is used to establish several molecular weight fractions with phosphorylated proteins by monitoring (31)P signal vs. time via ICP-MS. SEC-ICP-MS fractions are collected and then separated by the nano-LC-CHIP/ITMS system for peptide determination. Spectrum Mill and MASCOT protein database search engines are used for protein identification. Several phosphorylation sites and proteins related to post-translational modifications are also identified.
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Marcucci G, Maharry K, Wu YZ, Radmacher MD, Mrózek K, Margeson D, Holland KB, Whitman SP, Becker H, Schwind S, Metzeler KH, Powell BL, Carter TH, Kolitz JE, Wetzler M, Carroll AJ, Baer MR, Caligiuri MA, Larson RA, Bloomfield CD. IDH1 and IDH2 gene mutations identify novel molecular subsets within de novo cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia: a Cancer and Leukemia Group B study. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28:2348-55. [PMID: 20368543 PMCID: PMC2881719 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.3730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 584] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the frequency and associations with prognostic markers and outcome of mutations in IDH genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenases in adult de novo cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML). PATIENTS AND METHODS Diagnostic bone marrow or blood samples from 358 patients were analyzed for IDH1 and IDH2 mutations by DNA polymerase chain reaction amplification/sequencing. FLT3, NPM1, CEBPA, WT1, and MLL mutational analyses and gene- and microRNA-expression profiling were performed centrally. Results IDH mutations were found in 33% of the patients. IDH1 mutations were detected in 49 patients (14%; 47 with R132). IDH2 mutations, previously unreported in AML, were detected in 69 patients (19%; 13 with R172 and 56 with R140). R172 IDH2 mutations were mutually exclusive with all other prognostic mutations analyzed. Younger age (< 60 years), molecular low-risk (NPM1-mutated/FLT3-internal tandem duplication-negative) IDH1-mutated patients had shorter disease-free survival than molecular low-risk IDH1/IDH2-wild-type (wt) patients (P = .046). R172 IDH2-mutated patients had lower complete remission rates than IDH1/IDH2wt patients (P = .007). Distinctive microarray gene- and microRNA-expression profiles accurately predicted R172 IDH2 mutations. The highest expressed gene and microRNAs in R172 IDH2-mutated patients compared with the IDH1/IDH2wt patients were APP (previously associated with complex karyotype AML) and miR-1 and miR-133 (involved in embryonal stem-cell differentiation), respectively. CONCLUSION IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are recurrent in CN-AML and have an unfavorable impact on outcome. The R172 IDH2 mutations, previously unreported in AML, characterize a novel subset of CN-AML patients lacking other prognostic mutations and associate with unique gene- and microRNA-expression profiles that may lead to the discovery of novel, therapeutically targetable leukemogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Marcucci
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kati Maharry
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Yue-Zhong Wu
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael D. Radmacher
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Krzysztof Mrózek
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Dean Margeson
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kelsi B. Holland
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Susan P. Whitman
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Heiko Becker
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Sebastian Schwind
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Klaus H. Metzeler
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Bayard L. Powell
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Thomas H. Carter
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jonathan E. Kolitz
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Meir Wetzler
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Andrew J. Carroll
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Maria R. Baer
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael A. Caligiuri
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Richard A. Larson
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Clara D. Bloomfield
- From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; and University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Suomalainen A, Isohanni P. Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes--many genes, common mechanisms. Neuromuscul Disord 2010; 20:429-37. [PMID: 20444604 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2010.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome has become an important cause of inherited metabolic disorders, especially in children, but also in adults. The manifestations vary from tissue-specific mtDNA depletion to wide-spread multisystemic disorders. Nine genes are known to underlie this group of disorders, and many disease genes are still unidentified. However, the disease mechanisms seem to be intimately associated with mtDNA replication and nucleotide pool regulation. We review here the current knowledge on the clinical and molecular genetic features of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Suomalainen
- Research Program of Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Rivera H, Merinero B, Martinez-Pardo M, Arroyo I, Ruiz-Sala P, Bornstein B, Serra-Suhe C, Gallardo E, Marti R, Moran MJ, Ugalde C, Perez-Jurado LA, Andreu AL, Garesse R, Ugarte M, Arenas J, Martin MA. Marked mitochondrial DNA depletion associated with a novel SUCLG1 gene mutation resulting in lethal neonatal acidosis, multi-organ failure, and interrupted aortic arch. Mitochondrion 2010; 10:362-8. [PMID: 20227526 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the causative genetic lesion in two apparently unrelated newborns having lethal lactic acidosis, multi-organ failure and congenital malformations including interrupted aortic arch, who exhibited mild methylmalonic aciduria, combined mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency, and marked muscle mitochondrial DNA depletion. A novel mutation in the SUCLG1 gene was identified. Phenotype severity in Succinate-CoA ligase dysfunction appears to be more correlated to the muscle mtDNA content than to the tissue distribution of the heterodimer subunits. Prominent impairment of mitochondrial respiratory chain may result in deep ravages in developmental tissues leading to multiple organ failure and malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Rivera
- Laboratorio de enfermedades mitocondriales, Centro de Investigación, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Chinopoulos C, Gerencser AA, Mandi M, Mathe K, Töröcsik B, Doczi J, Turiak L, Kiss G, Konràd C, Vajda S, Vereczki V, Oh RJ, Adam-Vizi V. Forward operation of adenine nucleotide translocase during F0F1-ATPase reversal: critical role of matrix substrate-level phosphorylation. FASEB J 2010; 24:2405-16. [PMID: 20207940 DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-149898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In pathological conditions, F(0)F(1)-ATPase hydrolyzes ATP in an attempt to maintain mitochondrial membrane potential. Using thermodynamic assumptions and computer modeling, we established that mitochondrial membrane potential can be more negative than the reversal potential of the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) but more positive than that of the F(0)F(1)-ATPase. Experiments on isolated mitochondria demonstrated that, when the electron transport chain is compromised, the F(0)F(1)-ATPase reverses, and the membrane potential is maintained as long as matrix substrate-level phosphorylation is functional, without a concomitant reversal of the ANT. Consistently, no cytosolic ATP consumption was observed using plasmalemmal K(ATP) channels as cytosolic ATP biosensors in cultured neurons, in which their in situ mitochondria were compromised by respiratory chain inhibitors. This finding was further corroborated by quantitative measurements of mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption, and extracellular acidification rates, indicating nonreversal of ANT of compromised in situ neuronal and astrocytic mitochondria; and by bioluminescence ATP measurements in COS-7 cells transfected with cytosolic- or nuclear-targeted luciferases and treated with mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors in the presence of glycolytic plus mitochondrial vs. only mitochondrial substrates. Our findings imply the possibility of a rescue mechanism that is protecting against cytosolic/nuclear ATP depletion under pathological conditions involving impaired respiration. This mechanism comes into play when mitochondria respire on substrates that support matrix substrate-level phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Chinopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto St. 37-47, Room 4.521, Budapest, Hungary 1094.
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Valayannopoulos V, Haudry C, Serre V, Barth M, Boddaert N, Arnoux JB, Cormier-Daire V, Rio M, Rabier D, Vassault A, Munnich A, Bonnefont JP, de Lonlay P, Rötig A, Lebre AS. New SUCLG1 patients expanding the phenotypic spectrum of this rare cause of mild methylmalonic aciduria. Mitochondrion 2010; 10:335-41. [PMID: 20197121 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2010.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Deficiencies in two subunits of the succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase (SCS) have been involved in patients with encephalomyopathy and mild methylmalonic aciduria (MMA). In this study, we described three new SUCLG1 patients and performed a meta-analysis of the literature. Our report enlarges the phenotypic spectrum of SUCLG1 mutations and confirms that a characteristic metabolic profile (presence of MMA and C4-DC carnitine in urines) and basal ganglia MRI lesions are the hallmarks of SCS defects. As mitochondrial DNA depletion in muscle is not a constant finding in SUCLG1 patients, this may suggest that diagnosis should not be based on it, but also that alternative physiopathological mechanisms may be considered to explain the combined respiratory chain deficiency observed in SCS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassili Valayannopoulos
- Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades et Inserm U781 et U797, Départements de Génétique, de Radiologie pédiatrique, des Maladies Métaboliques et de Biochimie B, Paris F-75015, France
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[Strategy in diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 58:353-6. [PMID: 19942370 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2009.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases (MD) are the most frequent metabolic disorders. They have in common a respiratory chain deficiency. Clinical presentation of MD is very heterogeneous and the major physiological functions may be affected. Diagnosis is complex due to the potential involvement of two genomes (nuclear or mitochondrial DNA), the large number of candidate genes to screen and the small number of patients reported for each type of MD. Clinical presentation, trait of inheritance, cerebral imaging (MRI and CT-Scan) and specialized biochemical investigations are good indicators, but identification of causing mutation(s) is the clue to confirm diagnosis. Task is huge and progress in diagnosis of MD should come from genotype-phenotype correlations studies and from major technical improvements in molecular diagnosis. Exhaustive study of mitochondrial DNA is the first necessary step that is now possible with methods like Surveyor and Affymetrix resequencing chip. Combination of data including clinical informations, cerebral imaging, respiratory chain deficiency and/or assembly profile of respiratory chain complexes (BN-PAGE profile) may contribute for orientation for nuclear DNA studies. Elucidation of the genetic bases of MD is important for patients: identification of causing mutation(s) allows offering genetic counselling and possibility of prenatal diagnosis.
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50
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Morava E, Steuerwald U, Carrozzo R, Kluijtmans LA, Joensen F, Santer R, Dionisi-Vici C, Wevers RA. Dystonia and deafness due to SUCLA2 defect; Clinical course and biochemical markers in 16 children. Mitochondrion 2009; 9:438-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2009.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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