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Tao C, Li Y, An N, Liu H, Liu Z, Sun Y, Qian Y, Li N, Xing Y, Gao Y. Pathological mechanisms and future therapeutic directions of thrombin in intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1293428. [PMID: 38698822 PMCID: PMC11063263 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1293428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a common subtype of hemorrhagic stroke, often causes severe disability or death. ICH induces adverse events that might lead to secondary brain injury (SBI), and there is currently a lack of specific effective treatment strategies. To provide a new direction for SBI treatment post-ICH, the systematic review discussed how thrombin impacts secondary injury after ICH through several potentially deleterious or protective mechanisms. We included 39 studies and evaluated them using SYRCLE's ROB tool. Subsequently, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms of thrombin-mediated effects on SBI post-ICH in terms of inflammation, iron deposition, autophagy, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, we described the effects of thrombin in endothelial cells, astrocytes, pericytes, microglia, and neurons, as well as the harmful and beneficial effects of high and low thrombin concentrations on ICH. Finally, we concluded the current research status of thrombin therapy for ICH, which will provide a basis for the future clinical application of thrombin in the treatment of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Na An
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haoqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yikun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Qian
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang’an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Molecular Mechanisms of Neurogenic Inflammation of the Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055001. [PMID: 36902434 PMCID: PMC10003326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin, including the hypodermis, is the largest body organ and is in constant contact with the environment. Neurogenic inflammation is the result of the activity of nerve endings and mediators (neuropeptides secreted by nerve endings in the development of the inflammatory reaction in the skin), as well as interactions with other cells such as keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, endothelial cells and mast cells. The activation of TRPV-ion channels results in an increase in calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P, induces the release of other pro-inflammatory mediators and contributes to the maintenance of cutaneous neurogenic inflammation (CNI) in diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, prurigo and rosacea. Immune cells present in the skin (mononuclear cells, dendritic cells and mast cells) also express TRPV1, and their activation directly affects their function. The activation of TRPV1 channels mediates communication between sensory nerve endings and skin immune cells, increasing the release of inflammatory mediators (cytokines and neuropeptides). Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation, activation and modulation of neuropeptide and neurotransmitter receptors in cutaneous cells can aid in the development of effective treatments for inflammatory skin disorders.
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Boelig RC, Cahanap TJ, Ma L, Zhan T, Berghella V, Chan JSY, Kraft WK, Mckenzie SE. Platelet protease activated receptor 4 (PAR 4) receptor genotype is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:2419-2428. [PMID: 35815338 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet protease activated receptor-4 (PAR4) Thr120 is a common genetic variant associated with increased platelet activity. Increased platelet activity is implicated in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and preterm birth. OBJECTIVE Compare the rate of preeclampsia and preterm birth in pregnant individuals homozygous for PAR4 Thr120 variant vs not. STUDY DESIGN This is a prospective cohort study of patients who delivered November 2020-July 2021. Maternal blood collected on admission for PAR4 genotyping. The primary outcome was the rate of preeclampsia/gestational hypertension in those with Thr/Thr genotype compared with Ala/Thr or Ala/Ala. Secondary outcomes included rates of preterm birth and placental pathology. RESULTS Three hundred and twenty singletons were included and 52 (16.3%) were PAR4 Thr/Thr. Those PAR4 Thr/Thr were more likely to be Black (67.3% vs 29.5%, p < .001), younger (28 ± 6 vs 31 ± 6, p = .004), and have higher body mass index (35.2 ± 6.8 vs 33.1 ± 7.4, p = .047). There was no difference in preeclampsia/gestational hypertension (19.2% vs 22.8%, p = .705). Those Thr/Thr had a significantly higher rate of preterm birth (15.4% vs 3.7%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.04 [1.47-11.10], p = .007), indicated preterm birth because of fetal growth restriction or preeclampsia (5.8% vs 0.4%, aOR 10.03 [1.48-67.87], p = .02), spontaneous preterm birth (7.7% vs 2.2%, aOR 4.81 [1.27-18.27], p = .02), and placental intervillous thrombosis (18.5% vs 7.9%, aOR 4.12 [1.14-14.92], p = .03). CONCLUSION Platelet receptor PAR4 Thr120 is a common variant associated with an increased risk of placental vascular pathology and preterm birth in homozygous individuals. Although a cohort study cannot establish causation, this strong association warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupsa C Boelig
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tara J Cahanap
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lin Ma
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tingting Zhan
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vincenzo Berghella
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joanna S Y Chan
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Walter K Kraft
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven E Mckenzie
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Fang H, Yuan Z, Zhu Y, Tang H, Pang C, Li J, Shi J, Guo W, Zhang S. Blocking protease-activated receptor 4 alleviates liver injury induced by brain death. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 595:47-53. [PMID: 35093640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Brain death (BD) induces a systemic inflammatory response that influences donor liver quality. Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) is a thrombin receptor that mediates platelet activation and is involved in inflammatory and apoptotic processes. Therefore, we investigated the role of PAR4 blockade in liver injury induced by BD and its associated mechanisms. In this study, we constructed a BD rat model and treated rats with TcY-NH2, a selective PAR4 antagonist, to block PAR4 signaling at the onset of BD induction. Our results revealed that PAR4 protein expression increased in the livers of rats with BD. PAR4 blockade alleviated liver injury induced by BD, as indicated by lower serum ALT/AST levels and an improvement in histomorphology. Blood platelet activation and hepatic platelet accumulation in BD rats were reduced by PAR4 blockade. Additionally, PAR4 blockade attenuated the inflammatory response and apoptosis in the livers of BD rats. Moreover, the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways induced by BD was inhibited by PAR4 blockade. Thus, our results suggest that PAR4 contributes to liver injury induced by BD by regulating inflammation and apoptosis through the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Thus, PAR4 blockade may provide a feasible approach to improve the quality of organs from BD donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Zibo Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Yaohua Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongwei Tang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Chun Pang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Jihua Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.
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5
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Karabegović I, Portilla-Fernandez E, Li Y, Ma J, Maas SCE, Sun D, Hu EA, Kühnel B, Zhang Y, Ambatipudi S, Fiorito G, Huang J, Castillo-Fernandez JE, Wiggins KL, de Klein N, Grioni S, Swenson BR, Polidoro S, Treur JL, Cuenin C, Tsai PC, Costeira R, Chajes V, Braun K, Verweij N, Kretschmer A, Franke L, van Meurs JBJ, Uitterlinden AG, de Knegt RJ, Ikram MA, Dehghan A, Peters A, Schöttker B, Gharib SA, Sotoodehnia N, Bell JT, Elliott P, Vineis P, Relton C, Herceg Z, Brenner H, Waldenberger M, Rebholz CM, Voortman T, Pan Q, Fornage M, Levy D, Kayser M, Ghanbari M. Epigenome-wide association meta-analysis of DNA methylation with coffee and tea consumption. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2830. [PMID: 33990564 PMCID: PMC8121846 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22752-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee and tea are extensively consumed beverages worldwide which have received considerable attention regarding health. Intake of these beverages is consistently linked to, among others, reduced risk of diabetes and liver diseases; however, the mechanisms of action remain elusive. Epigenetics is suggested as a mechanism mediating the effects of dietary and lifestyle factors on disease onset. Here we report the results from epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) on coffee and tea consumption in 15,789 participants of European and African-American ancestries from 15 cohorts. EWAS meta-analysis of coffee consumption reveals 11 CpGs surpassing the epigenome-wide significance threshold (P-value <1.1×10-7), which annotated to the AHRR, F2RL3, FLJ43663, HDAC4, GFI1 and PHGDH genes. Among them, cg14476101 is significantly associated with expression of the PHGDH and risk of fatty liver disease. Knockdown of PHGDH expression in liver cells shows a correlation with expression levels of genes associated with circulating lipids, suggesting a role of PHGDH in hepatic-lipid metabolism. EWAS meta-analysis on tea consumption reveals no significant association, only two CpGs annotated to CACNA1A and PRDM16 genes show suggestive association (P-value <5.0×10-6). These findings indicate that coffee-associated changes in DNA methylation levels may explain the mechanism of action of coffee consumption in conferring risk of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Karabegović
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Epidemiology and Microbial Genomics, National Health Laboratory, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | | | - Yang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jiantao Ma
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland and the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Silvana C E Maas
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daokun Sun
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emily A Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Srikant Ambatipudi
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- AMCHSS, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, Cedex 08, France
| | - Giovanni Fiorito
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
| | - Jian Huang
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Juan E Castillo-Fernandez
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kerri L Wiggins
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, CHRU, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Niek de Klein
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, IRCCS National Cancer Institute Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Brenton R Swenson
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, CHRU, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Silvia Polidoro
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM, former HuGeF), c/o IRCCS Candiolo, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Jorien L Treur
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, Cedex 08, France
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Ricardo Costeira
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Veronique Chajes
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kim Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Genomics plc, Park End St, Oxford, UK
| | - Anja Kretschmer
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert J de Knegt
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Computational Medicine Core at Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, CHRU, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK-London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, Cedex 08, France
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Qiuwei Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland and the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Manfred Kayser
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Kim TK, Tirloni L, Bencosme-Cuevas E, Kim TH, Diedrich JK, Yates JR, Mulenga A. Borrelia burgdorferi infection modifies protein content in saliva of Ixodes scapularis nymphs. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:152. [PMID: 33663385 PMCID: PMC7930271 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lyme disease (LD) caused by Borrelia burgdorferi is the most prevalent tick-borne disease. There is evidence that vaccines based on tick proteins that promote tick transmission of B. burgdorferi could prevent LD. As Ixodes scapularis nymph tick bites are responsible for most LD cases, this study sought to identify nymph tick saliva proteins associated with B. burgdorferi transmission using LC-MS/MS. Tick saliva was collected using a non-invasive method of stimulating ticks (uninfected and infected: unfed, and every 12 h during feeding through 72 h, and fully-fed) to salivate into 2% pilocarpine-PBS for protein identification using LC-MS/MS. RESULTS We identified a combined 747 tick saliva proteins of uninfected and B. burgdorferi infected ticks that were classified into 25 functional categories: housekeeping-like (48%), unknown function (18%), protease inhibitors (9%), immune-related (6%), proteases (8%), extracellular matrix (7%), and small categories that account for <5% each. Notably, B. burgdorferi infected ticks secreted high number of saliva proteins (n=645) than uninfected ticks (n=376). Counter-intuitively, antimicrobial peptides, which function to block bacterial infection at tick feeding site were suppressed 23-85 folds in B. burgdorferi infected ticks. Similar to glycolysis enzymes being enhanced in mammalian cells exposed to B. burgdorferi : eight of the 10-glycolysis pathway enzymes were secreted at high abundance by B. burgdorferi infected ticks. Of significance, rabbits exposed to B. burgdorferi infected ticks acquired potent immunity that caused 40-60% mortality of B. burgdorferi infected ticks during the second infestation compared to 15-28% for the uninfected. This might be explained by ELISA data that show that high expression levels of immunogenic proteins in B. burgdorferi infected ticks. CONCLUSION Data here suggest that B. burgdorferi infection modified protein content in tick saliva to promote its survival at the tick feeding site. For instance, enzymes; copper/zinc superoxide dismutase that led to production of H2O2 that is toxic to B. burgdorferi were suppressed, while, catalase and thioredoxin that neutralize H2O2, and pyruvate kinase which yields pyruvate that protects Bb from H2O2 killing were enhanced. We conclude data here is an important resource for discovery of effective antigens for a vaccine to prevent LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kwon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Lucas Tirloni
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America
| | - Emily Bencosme-Cuevas
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tae Heung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jolene K Diedrich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Albert Mulenga
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
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7
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Hayashi T. [Proteinase-activated Receptor 1 and 2 under Hypoxic Stress]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:1195-1204. [PMID: 34602516 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.21-00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Patients with sleep-disordered breathing exhibit intermittent hypoxia that causes increased oxidative stress, accelerates atherosclerosis, and pulmonary hypertension, resulting in life-threatening arrhythmias and congestive heart failure. Hypoxic stress caused by intermittent hypoxia might be involved in the pathophysiology of many cardiovascular diseases, especially those involving atrial fibrillation, for which anti-coagulant therapy may be recommended. In this study, the inhibition of proteinase-activated receptor (PAR) 1/2 significantly reduced oxidative stress and fibrosis while suppressing the activation of MAPK or Smad pathways and the gene expression of molecules responsible for the pathways in the myocardium, consequently attenuating hypoxia-mediated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. These findings suggest that the inhibition of PAR 1/2 could be a novel potential treatment option to prevent cardiac remodeling in patients with sleep apnea syndrome and atrial fibrillation or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Educational Foundation of Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University
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8
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Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) is a non-specific cation channel known for its sensitivity to pungent vanilloid compound (i.e. capsaicin) and noxious stimuli, including heat, low pH or inflammatory mediators. TRPV1 is found in the somatosensory system, particularly primary afferent neurons that respond to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli (nociceptors). Stimulation of TRPV1 evokes a burning sensation, reflecting a central role of the channel in pain. Pharmacological and genetic studies have validated TRPV1 as a therapeutic target in several preclinical models of chronic pain, including cancer, neuropathic, postoperative and musculoskeletal pain. While antagonists of TRPV1 were found to be a valuable addition to the pain therapeutic toolbox, their clinical use has been limited by detrimental side effects, such as hyperthermia. In contrast, capsaicin induces a prolonged defunctionalisation of nociceptors and thus opened the door to the development of a new class of therapeutics with long-lasting pain-relieving effects. Here we review the list of TRPV1 agonists undergoing clinical trials for chronic pain management, and discuss new indications, formulations or combination therapies being explored for capsaicin. While the analgesic pharmacopeia for chronic pain patients is ancient and poorly effective, modern TRPV1-targeted drugs could rapidly become available as the next generation of analgesics for a broad spectrum of pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Iftinca
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Manon Defaye
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Christophe Altier
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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9
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Noda D, Kurauchi Y, Hisatsune A, Seki T, Katsuki H. Interactions between rat cortico-striatal slice cultures and neutrophil-like HL60 cells under thrombin challenge: Toward elucidation of pathological events in intracerebral hemorrhage. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 142:116-123. [PMID: 31924407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils constitute the major population of infiltrating leukocytes after stroke including intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and these cells may exhibit pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypes depending on the external stimuli. Here we constructed an experimental system to evaluate how the properties of neutrophils were influenced by the injured brain tissues. HL60 cells differentiated into neutrophils were added to the culture medium of neonatal rat cortico-striatal slices maintained at liquid-air interface. Thrombin was applied to the cultures to mimic the pathogenic events associated with ICH. HL60 cells responded to thrombin by increasing mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory IL-1β and anti-inflammatory IL-10 with a different time course. Co-presence of cortico-striatal slice cultures significantly enhanced IL-1β mRNA expression, whereas attenuated IL-10 mRNA expression, in HL60 cells. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist lipopolysaccharide synergistically enhanced IL-1β mRNA expression with thrombin, and TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 abolished thrombin-induced IL-1β mRNA expression in the presence of slice cultures. On the other hand, thrombin-induced cell death in cortico-striatal cultures was attenuated by the presence of HL60 cells. This experimental system may provide a unique platform to elucidate complex cell-to-tissue interactions during ICH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Noda
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurauchi
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Akinori Hisatsune
- Priority Organization for Innovation and Excellence, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katsuki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
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Li Q, Chen Y, Zhao D, Yang S, Zhang S, Wei Z, Wang Y, Qian K, Zhao B, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Duan Y, Han J, Yang X. LongShengZhi Capsule reduces carrageenan-induced thrombosis by reducing activation of platelets and endothelial cells. Pharmacol Res 2019; 144:167-180. [PMID: 30986544 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Formation of thrombosis is associated with activation of platelets and endothelial cells. The effect of LongShengZhi Capsule (LSZ), a traditional Chinese medicine used for treatment of vascular diseases, on thrombosis was investigated in this study. BALB/c mice were induced thrombosis by injection of carrageenan while receiving pre or simultaneous LSZ treatment. We also compared the therapeutic effects of LSZ and clopidogrel on formed thrombi. LSZ inhibited carrageenan-induced thrombi in mouse tissue vessels. In addition, LSZ but not clopidogrel reduced formed thrombi with a short time window. The reduction of thrombi by LSZ was associated with reduced serum P-selectin, reduced expression of TNF-α and P-selectin and activated matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression in tissues. In vitro, LSZ decreased thrombin-induced human platelet clot retraction which was associated with inactivation of AKT and ERK1/2. LSZ also reduced adhesion of platelets or THP-1 monocytes to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein or lipopolysaccharide. The anti-adherent actions of LSZ was attributed to reduction of oxidative stress, expression of platelet receptors (P2Y12, PAR4 and CD36) and AKT activity in platelets. LSZ also reduced adhesion molecules or tissue factor but activated tissue factor pathway inhibitor expression in HUVECs. Taken together, our study demonstrates the antithrombotic properties of LSZ by reducing activation of platelets and endothelial cells, and suggests its potential application in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Major Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Regulation of Anhui Department of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Major Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Regulation of Anhui Department of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuo Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Buchang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Qian
- Buchang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Xi'an, China
| | | | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Major Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Regulation of Anhui Department of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Major Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Regulation of Anhui Department of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jihong Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Major Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Regulation of Anhui Department of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Major Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Regulation of Anhui Department of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
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11
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Choi JE, Di Nardo A. Skin neurogenic inflammation. Semin Immunopathol 2018; 40:249-259. [PMID: 29713744 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-018-0675-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The epidermis closely interacts with nerve endings, and both epidermis and nerves produce substances for mutual sustenance. Neuropeptides, like substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related protein (CGRP), are produced by sensory nerves in the dermis; they induce mast cells to release vasoactive amines that facilitate infiltration of neutrophils and T cells. Some receptors are more important than others in the generation of itch. The Mas-related G protein-coupled receptors (Mrgpr) family as well as transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and protease activated receptor 2(Par2) have important roles in itch and inflammation. The activation of MrgprX1 degranulates mast cells to communicate with sensory nerve and cutaneous cells for developing neurogenic inflammation. Mrgprs and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) are crucial for the generation of skin diseases like rosacea, while SP, CGRP, somatostatin, β-endorphin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) can modulate the immune system during psoriasis development. The increased level of SP, in atopic dermatitis, induces the release of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-10 from the peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes. We are finally starting to understand the intricate connections between the skin neurons and resident skin cells and how their interaction can be key to controlling inflammation and from there the pathogenesis of diseases like atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Eun Choi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0869, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Anna Di Nardo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0869, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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12
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Wahl A, Kasela S, Carnero-Montoro E, van Iterson M, Štambuk J, Sharma S, van den Akker E, Klaric L, Benedetti E, Razdorov G, Trbojević-Akmačić I, Vučković F, Ugrina I, Beekman M, Deelen J, van Heemst D, Heijmans BT, B.I.O.S. Consortium, Wuhrer M, Plomp R, Keser T, Šimurina M, Pavić T, Gudelj I, Krištić J, Grallert H, Kunze S, Peters A, Bell JT, Spector TD, Milani L, Slagboom PE, Lauc G, Gieger C. IgG glycosylation and DNA methylation are interconnected with smoking. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:637-648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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13
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TRPV1 and TRPA1 in cutaneous neurogenic and chronic inflammation: pro-inflammatory response induced by their activation and their sensitization. Protein Cell 2017; 8:644-661. [PMID: 28364279 PMCID: PMC5563280 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-017-0395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous neurogenic inflammation (CNI) is inflammation that is induced (or enhanced) in the skin by the release of neuropeptides from sensory nerve endings. Clinical manifestations are mainly sensory and vascular disorders such as pruritus and erythema. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and ankyrin 1 (TRPV1 and TRPA1, respectively) are non-selective cation channels known to specifically participate in pain and CNI. Both TRPV1 and TRPA1 are co-expressed in a large subset of sensory nerves, where they integrate numerous noxious stimuli. It is now clear that the expression of both channels also extends far beyond the sensory nerves in the skin, occuring also in keratinocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells. In these non-neuronal cells, TRPV1 and TRPA1 also act as nociceptive sensors and potentiate the inflammatory process. This review discusses the role of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in the modulation of inflammatory genes that leads to or maintains CNI in sensory neurons and non-neuronal skin cells. In addition, this review provides a summary of current research on the intracellular sensitization pathways of both TRP channels by other endogenous inflammatory mediators that promote the self-maintenance of CNI.
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14
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French SL, Hamilton JR. Protease-activated receptor 4: from structure to function and back again. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:2952-65. [PMID: 26844674 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protease-activated receptors are a family of four GPCRs (PAR1-PAR4) with a number of unique attributes. Nearly two and a half decades after the discovery of the first PAR, an antagonist targeting this receptor has been approved for human use. The first-in-class PAR1 antagonist, vorapaxar, was approved for use in the USA in 2014 for the prevention of thrombotic cardiovascular events in patients with a history of myocardial infarction or with peripheral arterial disease. These recent developments indicate the clinical potential of manipulating PAR function. While much work has been aimed at uncovering the function of PAR1 and, to a lesser extent, PAR2, comparatively little is known regarding the pharmacology and physiology of PAR3 and PAR4. Recent studies have begun to develop the pharmacological and genetic tools required to study PAR4 function in detail, and there is now emerging evidence for the function of PAR4 in disease settings. In this review, we detail the discovery, structure, pharmacology, physiological significance and therapeutic potential of PAR4. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Molecular Pharmacology of G Protein-Coupled Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v173.20/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauna L French
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Justin R Hamilton
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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15
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Schatz F, Guzeloglu-Kayisli O, Arlier S, Kayisli UA, Lockwood CJ. The role of decidual cells in uterine hemostasis, menstruation, inflammation, adverse pregnancy outcomes and abnormal uterine bleeding. Hum Reprod Update 2016; 22:497-515. [PMID: 26912000 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmw004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human pregnancy requires robust hemostasis to prevent hemorrhage during extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion of the decidualized endometrium, modification of spiral arteries and post-partum processes. However, decidual hemorrhage (abruption) can occur throughout pregnancy from poorly transformed spiral arteries, causing fetal death or spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), or it can promote the aberrant placentation observed in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and pre-eclampsia; all leading causes of perinatal or maternal morbidity and mortality. In non-fertile cycles, the decidua undergoes controlled menstrual bleeding. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) accompanying progestin-only, long-acting, reversible contraception (pLARC) accounts for most discontinuations of these safe and highly effective agents, thereby contributing to unwanted pregnancies and abortion. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of decidual cells in uterine hemostasis, menstruation, inflammation, adverse pregnancy outcomes and abnormal uterine bleeding. METHODS We conducted a critical review of the literature arising from PubMed searches up to December 2015, regarding in situ and in vitro expression and regulation of several specific proteins involved in uterine hemostasis in decidua and cycling endometrium. In addition, we discussed clinical and molecular mechanisms associated with pLARC-induced AUB and pregnancy complications with abruptions, chorioamnionitis or pre-eclampsia. RESULTS Progestin-induced decidualization of estradiol-primed human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) increases in vivo and in vitro expression of tissue factor (TF) and type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) while inhibiting plasminogen activators (PAs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and the vasoconstrictor, endothelin-1 (ET-1). These changes in decidual cell-derived regulators of hemostasis, fibrinolysis, extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, and vascular tone prevent hemorrhage during EVT invasion and vascular remodeling. In non-fertile cycles, progesterone withdrawal reduces TF and PAI-1 while increasing PA, MMPs and ET-1, causing menstrual-associated bleeding, fibrinolysis, ECM degradation and ischemia. First trimester decidual hemorrhage elicits later adverse outcomes including pregnancy loss, pre-eclampsia, abruption, IUGR and PTB. Decidual hemorrhage generates excess thrombin that binds to decidual cell-expressed protease-activated receptors (PARs) to induce chemokines promoting shallow placentation; such bleeding later in pregnancy generates thrombin to down-regulate decidual cell progesterone receptors and up-regulate cytokines and MMPs linked to PTB. Endometria of pLARC users display ischemia-induced excess vasculogenesis and progestin inhibition of spiral artery vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration leading to dilated fragile vessels prone to bleeding. Moreover, aberrant TF-derived thrombin signaling also contributes to the pathogenesis of endometriosis via induction of angiogenesis, inflammation and cell survival. CONCLUSION Perivascular decidualized HESCs promote endometrial hemostasis during placentation yet facilitate menstruation through progestational regulation of hemostatic, proteolytic, and vasoactive proteins. Pathological endometrial hemorrhage elicits excess local thrombin generation, which contributes to pLARC associated AUB, endometriosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes through several biochemical mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Schatz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ozlem Guzeloglu-Kayisli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sefa Arlier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Umit A Kayisli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Charles J Lockwood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Patricio ES, Costa R, Figueiredo CP, Gers-Barlag K, Bicca MA, Manjavachi MN, Segat GC, Gentry C, Luiz AP, Fernandes ES, Cunha TM, Bevan S, Calixto JB. Mechanisms Underlying the Scratching Behavior Induced by the Activation of Proteinase-Activated Receptor-4 in Mice. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:2484-2491. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Gouin O, Lebonvallet N, L'Herondelle K, Le Gall-Ianotto C, Buhé V, Plée-Gautier E, Carré JL, Lefeuvre L, Misery L. Self-maintenance of neurogenic inflammation contributes to a vicious cycle in skin. Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:723-6. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Gouin
- University of Western Brittany; Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest; Brest France
- Uriage Dermatological Laboratories; Courbevoie France
| | - Nicolas Lebonvallet
- University of Western Brittany; Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest; Brest France
| | - Killian L'Herondelle
- University of Western Brittany; Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest; Brest France
| | | | - Virginie Buhé
- University of Western Brittany; Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest; Brest France
| | | | - Jean-Luc Carré
- University of Western Brittany; Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest; Brest France
| | - Luc Lefeuvre
- Uriage Dermatological Laboratories; Courbevoie France
| | - Laurent Misery
- University of Western Brittany; Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest; Brest France
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Guenther F, Melzig MF. Protease-activated receptors and their biological role - focused on skin inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 67:1623-33. [PMID: 26709036 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES For several years, protease-activated receptors (PARs) are targets of science regarding to various diseases and platelet aggregation. In the past, a number of publications related to PARs have been published, which refer to a variety of aspects. An important point of view is the inflammation of the skin, which has not been reported in detail yet. This review will provide an overview of the current knowledge on PARs, and in particular, on the involvement of PARs in terms of skin inflammation. KEY FINDINGS Wound healing is an important step after skin injury and is connected with involvement of PARs and inflammation. An important point in skin inflammation is the coagulation-dependent skin inflammation. SUMMARY PARs are a special kind of receptors, being activated by proteolytic cleavage or chemical agonists. They may play an important role in various physiological processes. It is shown that the proteases are involved in many diseases for example Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The fact, that proteases regulate the coagulation, and are involved in interleukin and cytokine release leads to the conclusion that they are involved in inflammation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Guenther
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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