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Zimmerling A, Zhou Y, Chen X. Synthesis of Alginate/Collagen Bioink for Bioprinting Respiratory Tissue Models. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:90. [PMID: 38667547 PMCID: PMC11050917 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15040090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of bioinks for bioprinting of respiratory tissue requires considerations related to immunogenicity, mechanical properties, printability, and cellular compatibility. Biomaterials can be tailored to provide the appropriate combination of these properties through the synergy of materials with individual pros and cons. Sodium alginate, a water-soluble polymer derived from seaweed, is a cheap yet printable biomaterial with good structural properties; however, it lacks physiological relevance and cell binding sites. Collagen, a common component in the extra cellular matrix of many tissues, is expensive and lacks printability; however, it is highly biocompatible and exhibits sites for cellular binding. This paper presents our study on the synthesis of bioinks from alginate and collagen for use in bioprinting respiratory tissue models. Bioinks were synthesized from 40 mg/mL (4%) alginate and 3 mg/mL (0.3%) collagen in varying ratios (1:0, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, and 1:1); then examined in terms of rheological properties, printability, compressive, and tensile properties and cellular compatibility. The results illustrate that the ratio of alginate to collagen has a profound impact on bioink performance and that, among the examined ratios, the 3:1 ratio is the most appropriate for use in bioprinting respiratory tissue scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Zimmerling
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada;
| | - Yan Zhou
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada;
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
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2
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Ma Y, Deng B, He R, Huang P. Advancements of 3D bioprinting in regenerative medicine: Exploring cell sources for organ fabrication. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24593. [PMID: 38318070 PMCID: PMC10838744 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting has unlocked new possibilities for generating complex and functional tissues and organs. However, one of the greatest challenges lies in selecting the appropriate seed cells for constructing fully functional 3D artificial organs. Currently, there are no cell sources available that can fulfill all requirements of 3D bioprinting technologies, and each cell source possesses unique characteristics suitable for specific applications. In this review, we explore the impact of different 3D bioprinting technologies and bioink materials on seed cells, providing a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of cell sources that have been used or hold potential in 3D bioprinting. We also summarized key points to guide the selection of seed cells for 3D bioprinting. Moreover, we offer insights into the prospects of seed cell sources in 3D bioprinted organs, highlighting their potential to revolutionize the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Runbang He
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Pengyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
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3
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Xie R, Pal V, Yu Y, Lu X, Gao M, Liang S, Huang M, Peng W, Ozbolat IT. A comprehensive review on 3D tissue models: Biofabrication technologies and preclinical applications. Biomaterials 2024; 304:122408. [PMID: 38041911 PMCID: PMC10843844 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
The limitations of traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures and animal testing, when it comes to precisely foreseeing the toxicity and clinical effectiveness of potential drug candidates, have resulted in a notable increase in the rate of failure during the process of drug discovery and development. Three-dimensional (3D) in-vitro models have arisen as substitute platforms with the capacity to accurately depict in-vivo conditions and increasing the predictivity of clinical effects and toxicity of drug candidates. It has been found that 3D models can accurately represent complex tissue structure of human body and can be used for a wide range of disease modeling purposes. Recently, substantial progress in biomedicine, materials and engineering have been made to fabricate various 3D in-vitro models, which have been exhibited better disease progression predictivity and drug effects than convention models, suggesting a promising direction in pharmaceutics. This comprehensive review highlights the recent developments in 3D in-vitro tissue models for preclinical applications including drug screening and disease modeling targeting multiple organs and tissues, like liver, bone, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, heart, brain, and cartilage. We discuss current strategies for fabricating 3D models for specific organs with their strengths and pitfalls. We expand future considerations for establishing a physiologically-relevant microenvironment for growing 3D models and also provide readers with a perspective on intellectual property, industry, and regulatory landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering in Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, 341000, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, China
| | - Vaibhav Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yanrong Yu
- School of Pharmaceutics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, JX, 330006, China
| | - Xiaolu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering in Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, 341000, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, China
| | - Mengwei Gao
- School of Pharmaceutics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, JX, 330006, China
| | - Shijie Liang
- School of Pharmaceutics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, JX, 330006, China
| | - Miao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering in Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, 341000, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, China
| | - Weijie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering in Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, 341000, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, China; School of Pharmaceutics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, JX, 330006, China.
| | - Ibrahim T Ozbolat
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Cukurova University, Adana, 01130, Turkey; Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University, Adana, 01130, Turkey.
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4
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Palladino S, Schwab A, Copes F, D'Este M, Candiani G, Mantovani D. Development of a hyaluronic acid-collagen bioink for shear-induced fibers and cells alignment. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:065017. [PMID: 37751763 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/acfd77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Human tissues are characterized by complex composition and cellular and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization at microscopic level. In most of human tissues, cells and ECM show an anisotropic arrangement, which confers them specific properties.In vitro, the ability to closely mimic this complexity is limited. However, in the last years, extrusion bioprinting showed a certain potential for aligning cells and biomolecules, due to the application of shear stress during the bio-fabrication process. In this work, we propose a strategy to combine collagen (col) with tyramine-modified hyaluronic acid (THA) to obtain a printable col-THA bioink for extrusion bioprinting, solely-based on natural-derived components. Collagen fibers formation within the hybrid hydrogel, as well as collagen distribution and spatial organization before and after printing, were studied. For the validation of the biological outcome, fibroblasts were selected as cellular model and embedded in the col-THA matrix. Cell metabolic activity and cell viability, as well as cell distribution and alignment, were studied in the bioink before and after bioprinting. Results demonstrated successful collagen fibers formation within the bioink, as well as collagen anisotropic alignment along the printing direction. Furthermore, results revealed suitable biological properties, with a slightly reduced metabolic activity at day 1, fully recovered within the first 3 d post-cell embedding. Finally, results showed fibroblasts elongation and alignment along the bioprinting direction. Altogether, results validated the potential to obtain collagen-based bioprinted constructs, with both cellular and ECM anisotropy, without detrimental effects of the fabrication process on the biological outcome. This bioink can be potentially used for a wide range of applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in which anisotropy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Palladino
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, CRC-Tier I, Dept Min-Met-Materials Eng and Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
- genT_LΛB, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering 'G. Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Copes
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, CRC-Tier I, Dept Min-Met-Materials Eng and Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | | | - Gabriele Candiani
- genT_LΛB, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering 'G. Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, CRC-Tier I, Dept Min-Met-Materials Eng and Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
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Chen X, Fazel Anvari-Yazdi A, Duan X, Zimmerling A, Gharraei R, Sharma N, Sweilem S, Ning L. Biomaterials / bioinks and extrusion bioprinting. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:511-536. [PMID: 37435177 PMCID: PMC10331419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinks are formulations of biomaterials and living cells, sometimes with growth factors or other biomolecules, while extrusion bioprinting is an emerging technique to apply or deposit these bioinks or biomaterial solutions to create three-dimensional (3D) constructs with architectures and mechanical/biological properties that mimic those of native human tissue or organs. Printed constructs have found wide applications in tissue engineering for repairing or treating tissue/organ injuries, as well as in vitro tissue modelling for testing or validating newly developed therapeutics and vaccines prior to their use in humans. Successful printing of constructs and their subsequent applications rely on the properties of the formulated bioinks, including the rheological, mechanical, and biological properties, as well as the printing process. This article critically reviews the latest developments in bioinks and biomaterial solutions for extrusion bioprinting, focusing on bioink synthesis and characterization, as well as the influence of bioink properties on the printing process. Key issues and challenges are also discussed along with recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- X.B. Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, S7K 5A9, Saskatoon, Canada
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - A. Fazel Anvari-Yazdi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - X. Duan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - A. Zimmerling
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - R. Gharraei
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - N.K. Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, S7K 5A9, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - S. Sweilem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | - L. Ning
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
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6
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Wu H, Chen J, Zhao P, Liu M, Xie F, Ma X. Development and Prospective Applications of 3D Membranes as a Sensor for Monitoring and Inducing Tissue Regeneration. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:802. [PMID: 37755224 PMCID: PMC10535523 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13090802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
For decades, tissue regeneration has been a challenging issue in scientific modeling and human practices. Although many conventional therapies are already used to treat burns, muscle injuries, bone defects, and hair follicle injuries, there remains an urgent need for better healing effects in skin, bone, and other unique tissues. Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing and real-time monitoring technologies have enabled the creation of tissue-like membranes and the provision of an appropriate microenvironment. Using tissue engineering methods incorporating 3D printing technologies and biomaterials for the extracellular matrix (ECM) containing scaffolds can be used to construct a precisely distributed artificial membrane. Moreover, advances in smart sensors have facilitated the development of tissue regeneration. Various smart sensors may monitor the recovery of the wound process in different aspects, and some may spontaneously give feedback to the wound sites by releasing biological factors. The combination of the detection of smart sensors and individualized membrane design in the healing process shows enormous potential for wound dressings. Here, we provide an overview of the advantages of 3D printing and conventional therapies in tissue engineering. We also shed light on different types of 3D printing technology, biomaterials, and sensors to describe effective methods for use in skin and other tissue regeneration, highlighting their strengths and limitations. Finally, we highlight the value of 3D bioengineered membranes in various fields, including the modeling of disease, organ-on-a-chip, and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pengxiang Zhao
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China (F.X.); (X.M.)
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7
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Van Ombergen A, Chalupa-Gantner F, Chansoria P, Colosimo BM, Costantini M, Domingos M, Dufour A, De Maria C, Groll J, Jungst T, Levato R, Malda J, Margarita A, Marquette C, Ovsianikov A, Petiot E, Read S, Surdo L, Swieszkowski W, Vozzi G, Windisch J, Zenobi-Wong M, Gelinsky M. 3D Bioprinting in Microgravity: Opportunities, Challenges, and Possible Applications in Space. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300443. [PMID: 37353904 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting has developed tremendously in the last couple of years and enables the fabrication of simple, as well as complex, tissue models. The international space agencies have recognized the unique opportunities of these technologies for manufacturing cell and tissue models for basic research in space, in particular for investigating the effects of microgravity and cosmic radiation on different types of human tissues. In addition, bioprinting is capable of producing clinically applicable tissue grafts, and its implementation in space therefore can support the autonomous medical treatment options for astronauts in future long term and far-distant space missions. The article discusses opportunities but also challenges of operating different types of bioprinters under space conditions, mainly in microgravity. While some process steps, most of which involving the handling of liquids, are challenging under microgravity, this environment can help overcome problems such as cell sedimentation in low viscous bioinks. Hopefully, this publication will motivate more researchers to engage in the topic, with publicly available bioprinting opportunities becoming available at the International Space Station (ISS) in the imminent future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique Van Ombergen
- SciSpacE Team, Directorate of Human and Robotic Exploration Programmes (HRE), European Space Agency (ESA), Keplerlaan 1, Noordwijk, 2201AG, The Netherlands
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Chalupa-Gantner
- Research Group 3D Printing and Biofabrication, Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/E308, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Parth Chansoria
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Bianca Maria Colosimo
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 1, Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Marco Costantini
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
| | - Marco Domingos
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering & Henry Royce Institute, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexandre Dufour
- 3d.FAB - ICBMS, CNRS UMR 5246, University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1 and University of Lyon, 1 rue Victor Grignard, Villeurbanne, 69100, France
| | - Carmelo De Maria
- Department of Information Engineering (DII) and Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Jürgen Groll
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry at the Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz Jungst
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry at the Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Margarita
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 1, Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Christophe Marquette
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- 3d.FAB - ICBMS, CNRS UMR 5246, University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1 and University of Lyon, 1 rue Victor Grignard, Villeurbanne, 69100, France
| | - Aleksandr Ovsianikov
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Research Group 3D Printing and Biofabrication, Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/E308, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Emma Petiot
- 3d.FAB - ICBMS, CNRS UMR 5246, University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1 and University of Lyon, 1 rue Victor Grignard, Villeurbanne, 69100, France
| | - Sophia Read
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering & Henry Royce Institute, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Leonardo Surdo
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Space Applications Services NV/SA for the European Space Agency (ESA), Keplerlaan 1, Noordwijk, 2201AG, The Netherlands
| | - Wojciech Swieszkowski
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Biomaterials Group, Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska Str. 141, Warsaw, 02-507, Poland
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Information Engineering (DII) and Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Johannes Windisch
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
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Parodi I, Di Lisa D, Pastorino L, Scaglione S, Fato MM. 3D Bioprinting as a Powerful Technique for Recreating the Tumor Microenvironment. Gels 2023; 9:482. [PMID: 37367152 DOI: 10.3390/gels9060482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro three-dimensional models aim to reduce and replace animal testing and establish new tools for oncology research and the development and testing of new anticancer therapies. Among the various techniques to produce more complex and realistic cancer models is bioprinting, which allows the realization of spatially controlled hydrogel-based scaffolds, easily incorporating different types of cells in order to recreate the crosstalk between cancer and stromal components. Bioprinting exhibits other advantages, such as the production of large constructs, the repeatability and high resolution of the process, as well as the possibility of vascularization of the models through different approaches. Moreover, bioprinting allows the incorporation of multiple biomaterials and the creation of gradient structures to mimic the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment. The aim of this review is to report the main strategies and biomaterials used in cancer bioprinting. Moreover, the review discusses several bioprinted models of the most diffused and/or malignant tumors, highlighting the importance of this technique in establishing reliable biomimetic tissues aimed at improving disease biology understanding and high-throughput drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Parodi
- Department of Computer Science, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Electronic, Computer and Telecommunications Engineering (IEIIT), 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Donatella Di Lisa
- Department of Computer Science, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Pastorino
- Department of Computer Science, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Scaglione
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Electronic, Computer and Telecommunications Engineering (IEIIT), 16149 Genoa, Italy
- React4life S.p.A., 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Massimo Fato
- Department of Computer Science, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Electronic, Computer and Telecommunications Engineering (IEIIT), 16149 Genoa, Italy
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9
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Alarçin E, İzbudak B, Yüce Erarslan E, Domingo S, Tutar R, Titi K, Kocaaga B, Guner FS, Bal-Öztürk A. Optimization of methacrylated gelatin /layered double hydroxides nanocomposite cell-laden hydrogel bioinks with high printability for 3D extrusion bioprinting. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:209-223. [PMID: 36213938 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) offer unique source of inspiration for design of bone mimetic biomaterials due to their superior mechanical properties, drug delivery capability and regulation cellular behaviors, particularly by divalent metal cations in their structure. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of LDHs holds great promise as a novel strategy thanks to highly tunable physiochemical properties and shear-thinning ability of LDHs, which allow shape fidelity after deposition. Herein, we introduce a straightforward strategy for extrusion bioprinting of cell laden nanocomposite hydrogel bioink of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) biopolymer and LDHs nanoparticles. First, we synthesized LDHs by co-precipitation process and systematically examined the effect of LDHs addition on printing parameters such as printing pressure, extrusion rate, printing speed, and finally bioink printability in creating grid-like constructs. The developed hydrogel bioinks provided precise control over extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity after deposition. Based on the printability and rheological analysis, the printability could be altered by controlling the concentration of LDHs, and printability was found to be ideal with the addition of 3 wt % LDHs. The addition of LDHs resulted in remarkably enhanced compressive strength from 652 kPa (G-LDH0) to 1168 kPa (G-LDH3). It was shown that the printed nanocomposite hydrogel scaffolds were able to support encapsulated osteoblast survival, spreading, and proliferation in the absence of any osteoinductive factors taking advantage of LDHs. In addition, cells encapsulated in G-LDH3 had a larger cell spreading area and higher cell aspect ratio than those encapsulated in G-LDH0. Altogether, the results demonstrated that the developed GelMA/LDHs nanocomposite hydrogel bioink revealed a high potential for extrusion bioprinting with high structural fidelity to fabricate implantable 3D hydrogel constructs for repair of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Alarçin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burçin İzbudak
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Health Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Yüce Erarslan
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sherif Domingo
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rumeysa Tutar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kariman Titi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hebron University, Hebron, West Bank, Palestine
| | - Banu Kocaaga
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F Seniha Guner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayça Bal-Öztürk
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Health Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey.,3D Bioprinting Design&Prototyping R&D Center, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
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10
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Kong B, Liu R, Guo J, Lu L, Zhou Q, Zhao Y. Tailoring micro/nano-fibers for biomedical applications. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:328-347. [PMID: 35892003 PMCID: PMC9301605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano/micro fibers have evoked much attention of scientists and have been researched as cutting edge and hotspot in the area of fiber science in recent years due to the rapid development of various advanced manufacturing technologies, and the appearance of fascinating and special functions and properties, such as the enhanced mechanical strength, high surface area to volume ratio and special functionalities shown in the surface, triggered by the nano or micro-scale dimensions. In addition, these outstanding and special characteristics of the nano/micro fibers impart fiber-based materials with wide applications, such as environmental engineering, electronic and biomedical fields. This review mainly focuses on the recent development in the various nano/micro fibers fabrication strategies and corresponding applications in the biomedical fields, including tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery, wound healing, and biosensors. Moreover, the challenges for the fabrications and applications and future perspectives are presented. The widely used nano/micro fibers fabrication strategies are comprehensively reviewed. Focus on the application of nano/micro fibers in the biomedical fields. Summarize the challenges for the nano/micro fibers fabrication strategies and applications and future perspective.
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11
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Solbu AA, Caballero D, Damigos S, Kundu SC, Reis RL, Halaas Ø, Chahal AS, Strand BL. Assessing cell migration in hydrogels: An overview of relevant materials and methods. Mater Today Bio 2022; 18:100537. [PMID: 36659998 PMCID: PMC9842866 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is essential in numerous living processes, including embryonic development, wound healing, immune responses, and cancer metastasis. From individual cells to collectively migrating epithelial sheets, the locomotion of cells is tightly regulated by multiple structural, chemical, and biological factors. However, the high complexity of this process limits the understanding of the influence of each factor. Recent advances in materials science, tissue engineering, and microtechnology have expanded the toolbox and allowed the development of biomimetic in vitro assays to investigate the mechanisms of cell migration. Particularly, three-dimensional (3D) hydrogels have demonstrated a superior ability to mimic the extracellular environment. They are therefore well suited to studying cell migration in a physiologically relevant and more straightforward manner than in vivo approaches. A myriad of synthetic and naturally derived hydrogels with heterogeneous characteristics and functional properties have been reported. The extensive portfolio of available hydrogels with different mechanical and biological properties can trigger distinct biological responses in cells affecting their locomotion dynamics in 3D. Herein, we describe the most relevant hydrogels and their associated physico-chemical characteristics typically employed to study cell migration, including established cell migration assays and tracking methods. We aim to give the reader insight into existing literature and practical details necessary for performing cell migration studies in 3D environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Akbarzadeh Solbu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, NOBIPOL, NTNU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - David Caballero
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal,ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Spyridon Damigos
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, NOBIPOL, NTNU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Subhas C. Kundu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal,ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal,ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Øyvind Halaas
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aman S. Chahal
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, NOBIPOL, NTNU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway,Corresponding author. Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, NOBIPOL, NTNU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Berit L. Strand
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, NOBIPOL, NTNU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Corresponding author.
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12
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Camman M, Joanne P, Brun J, Marcellan A, Dumont J, Agbulut O, Hélary C. Anisotropic dense collagen hydrogels with two ranges of porosity to mimic the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 144:213219. [PMID: 36481519 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the crucial role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the organotypic organization and function of skeletal muscles, most 3D models do not mimic its specific characteristics, namely its biochemical composition, stiffness, anisotropy, and porosity. Here, a novel 3D in vitro model of muscle ECM was developed reproducing these four crucial characteristics of the native ECM. An anisotropic hydrogel mimicking the muscle fascia was obtained thanks to unidirectional 3D printing of dense collagen with aligned collagen fibrils. The space between the different layers was tuned to generate an intrinsic network of pores (100 μm) suitable for nutrient and oxygen diffusion. By modulating the gelling conditions, the mechanical properties of the construct reached those measured in the physiological muscle ECM. This artificial matrix was thus evaluated for myoblast differentiation. The addition of large channels (600 μm) by molding permitted to create a second range of porosity suitable for cell colonization without altering the physical properties of the hydrogel. Skeletal myoblasts embedded in Matrigel®, seeded within the channels, organized in 3D, and differentiated into multinucleated myotubes. These results show that porous and anisotropic dense collagen hydrogels are promising biomaterials to model skeletal muscle ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Camman
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7574, F-75005, Paris, France; Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8256, Inserm U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Joanne
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8256, Inserm U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Julie Brun
- Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Alba Marcellan
- Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Julien Dumont
- CIRB Microscopy facility, Collège de France, CNRS, UMR 7241, Inserm U1050, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8256, Inserm U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Christophe Hélary
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7574, F-75005, Paris, France.
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13
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Moncal KK, Yeo M, Celik N, Acri TM, Rizk E, Wee H, Lewis GS, Salem AK, Ozbolat IT. Comparison of in-situversus ex-situdelivery of polyethylenimine-BMP-2 polyplexes for rat calvarial defect repair via intraoperative bioprinting. Biofabrication 2022; 15:10.1088/1758-5090/ac9f70. [PMID: 36322966 PMCID: PMC10012389 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac9f70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapeutic applications combined with bio- and nano-materials have been used to address current shortcomings in bone tissue engineering due to their feasibility, safety and potential capability for clinical translation. Delivery of non-viral vectors can be altered using gene-activated matrices to improve their efficacy to repair bone defects.Ex-situandin-situdelivery strategies are the most used methods for bone therapy, which have never been directly compared for their potency to repair critical-sized bone defects. In this regard, we first time explore the delivery of polyethylenimine (PEI) complexed plasmid DNA encoding bone morphogenetic protein-2 (PEI-pBMP-2) using the two delivery strategies,ex-situandin-situdelivery. To realize these gene delivery strategies, we employed intraoperative bioprinting (IOB), enabling us to 3D bioprint bone tissue constructs directly into defect sites in a surgical setting. Here, we demonstrated IOB of an osteogenic bioink loaded with PEI-pBMP-2 for thein-situdelivery approach, and PEI-pBMP-2 transfected rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells laden bioink for theex-situdelivery approach as alternative delivery strategies. We found thatin-situdelivery of PEI-pBMP-2 significantly improved bone tissue formation compared toex-situdelivery. Despite debates amongst individual advantages and disadvantages ofex-situandin-situdelivery strategies, our results ruled in favor of thein-situdelivery strategy, which could be desirable to use for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim K Moncal
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Miji Yeo
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Nazmiye Celik
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Timothy M Acri
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, Collage of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Elias Rizk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Hwabok Wee
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Gregory S Lewis
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, Collage of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Ibrahim T Ozbolat
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
- Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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14
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Dravid A, Chapman A, Raos B, O'Carroll S, Connor B, Svirskis D. Development of agarose-gelatin bioinks for extrusion-based bioprinting and cell encapsulation. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35654031 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac759f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional bioprinting continues to advance as an attractive biofabrication technique to employ cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds in the creation of precise, user-defined constructs that can recapitulate the native tissue environment. Development and characterisation of new bioinks to expand the existing library helps to open avenues that can support a diversity of tissue engineering purposes and fulfil requirements in terms of both printability and supporting cell attachment. In this paper, we report the development and characterisation of agarose-gelatin hydrogel blends as a bioink for extrusion-based bioprinting. Four different agarose-gelatin hydrogel blend formulations with varying gelatin concentration were systematically characterised to evaluate suitability as a potential bioink for extrusion-based bioprinting. Additionally, autoclave and filter sterilisation methods were compared to evaluate their effect on bioink properties. Finally, the ability of the agarose-gelatin bioink to support cell viability and culture after printing was evaluated using SH-SY5Y cells encapsulated in bioprinted droplets of the agarose-gelatin. All bioink formulations demonstrate rheological, mechanical and swelling properties suitable for bioprinting and cell encapsulation. Autoclave sterilisation significantly affected the rheological properties of the agarose-gelatin bioinks compared to filter sterilisation. SH-SY5Y cells printed and differentiated into neuronal-like cells using the developed agarose-gelatin bioinks demonstrated high viability (>90%) after 23 days in culture. This study demonstrates the properties of agarose-gelatin as a printable and biocompatible material applicable for use as a bioink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Dravid
- The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, 1142, NEW ZEALAND
| | - Amy Chapman
- The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, 1142, NEW ZEALAND
| | - Brad Raos
- The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, 1142, NEW ZEALAND
| | - Simon O'Carroll
- The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, 1142, NEW ZEALAND
| | - Bronwen Connor
- The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, 1142, NEW ZEALAND
| | - Darren Svirskis
- The University of Auckland, Grafton Campus, Auckland, 1142, NEW ZEALAND
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15
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Suitability of Marine- and Porcine-Derived Collagen Type I Hydrogels for Bioprinting and Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060366. [PMID: 35736169 PMCID: PMC9227984 DOI: 10.3390/md20060366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagens from a wide array of animals have been explored for use in tissue engineering in an effort to replicate the native extracellular environment of the body. Marine-derived biomaterials offer promise over their conventional mammalian counterparts due to lower risk of disease transfer as well as being compatible with more religious and ethical groups within society. Here, collagen type I derived from a marine source (Macruronus novaezelandiae, Blue Grenadier) is compared with the more established porcine collagen type I and its potential in tissue engineering examined. Both collagens were methacrylated, to allow for UV crosslinking during extrusion 3D printing. The materials were shown to be highly cytocompatible with L929 fibroblasts. The mechanical properties of the marine-derived collagen were generally lower than those of the porcine-derived collagen; however, the Young’s modulus for both collagens was shown to be tunable over a wide range. The marine-derived collagen was seen to be a potential biomaterial in tissue engineering; however, this may be limited due to its lower thermal stability at which point it degrades to gelatin.
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16
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Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing in Cancer Therapy and Diagnostics: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060678. [PMID: 35745597 PMCID: PMC9229198 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a technique where the products are printed layer-by-layer via a series of cross-sectional slices with the exact deposition of different cell types and biomaterials based on computer-aided design software. Three-dimensional printing can be divided into several approaches, such as extrusion-based printing, laser-induced forward transfer-based printing systems, and so on. Bio-ink is a crucial tool necessary for the fabrication of the 3D construct of living tissue in order to mimic the native tissue/cells using 3D printing technology. The formation of 3D software helps in the development of novel drug delivery systems with drug screening potential, as well as 3D constructs of tumor models. Additionally, several complex structures of inner tissues like stroma and channels of different sizes are printed through 3D printing techniques. Three-dimensional printing technology could also be used to develop therapy training simulators for educational purposes so that learners can practice complex surgical procedures. The fabrication of implantable medical devices using 3D printing technology with less risk of infections is receiving increased attention recently. A Cancer-on-a-chip is a microfluidic device that recreates tumor physiology and allows for a continuous supply of nutrients or therapeutic compounds. In this review, based on the recent literature, we have discussed various printing methods for 3D printing and types of bio-inks, and provided information on how 3D printing plays a crucial role in cancer management.
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17
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Natural Hydrogel-Based Bio-Inks for 3D Bioprinting in Tissue Engineering: A Review. Gels 2022; 8:gels8030179. [PMID: 35323292 PMCID: PMC8948717 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is well acknowledged to constitute an important technology in tissue engineering, largely due to the increasing global demand for organ replacement and tissue regeneration. In 3D bioprinting, which is a step ahead of 3D biomaterial printing, the ink employed is impregnated with cells, without compromising ink printability. This allows for immediate scaffold cellularization and generation of complex structures. The use of cell-laden inks or bio-inks provides the opportunity for enhanced cell differentiation for organ fabrication and regeneration. Recognizing the importance of such bio-inks, the current study comprehensively explores the state of the art of the utilization of bio-inks based on natural polymers (biopolymers), such as cellulose, agarose, alginate, decellularized matrix, in 3D bioprinting. Discussions regarding progress in bioprinting, techniques and approaches employed in the bioprinting of natural polymers, and limitations and prospects concerning future trends in human-scale tissue and organ fabrication are also presented.
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18
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Bioengineered Efficacy Models of Skin Disease: Advances in the Last 10 Years. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020319. [PMID: 35214050 PMCID: PMC8877988 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Models of skin diseases, such as psoriasis and scleroderma, must accurately recapitulate the complex microenvironment of human skin to provide an efficacious platform for investigation of skin diseases. Skin disease research has been shifting from less complex and less relevant 2D (two-dimensional) models to significantly more relevant 3D (three-dimensional) models. Three-dimensional modeling systems are better able to recapitulate the complex cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions that occur in vivo within skin. Three-dimensional human skin equivalents (HSEs) have emerged as an advantageous tool for the study of skin disease in vitro. These 3D HSEs can be highly complex, containing both epidermal and dermal compartments with integrated adnexal structures. The addition of adnexal structures to 3D HSEs has allowed researchers to gain more insight into the complex pathology of various hereditary and acquired skin diseases. One method of constructing 3D HSEs, 3D bioprinting, has emerged as a versatile and useful tool for generating highly complex HSEs. The development of commercially available 3D bioprinters has allowed researchers to create highly reproducible 3D HSEs with precise integration of multiple adnexal structures. While the field of bioengineered models for study of skin disease has made tremendous progress in the last decade, there are still significant efforts necessary to create truly biomimetic skin disease models. In future studies utilizing 3D HSEs, emphasis must be placed on integrating all adnexal structures relevant to the skin disease under investigation. Thorough investigation of the intricate pathology of skin diseases and the development of effective treatments requires use of highly efficacious models of skin diseases.
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19
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Wu Z, Liu J, Lin J, Lu L, Tian J, Li L, Zhou C. Novel Digital Light Processing Printing Strategy Using a Collagen-Based Bioink with Prospective Cross-Linker Procyanidins. Biomacromolecules 2021; 23:240-252. [PMID: 34931820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioink plays a vital role in the construction of tissues and organs by 3D bioprinting. Collagen has outstanding biocompatibility and is widely used in the field of tissue engineering. However, due to poor mechanical properties and slow self-assembly, it is challenging to manufacture high-precision 3D bioprinted collagen scaffolds. Herein, a novel digital light processing (DLP) bioink which can satisfy the printing of complex structures has been developed. This photocurable bioink is based on collagen and supplemented with a small amount of procyanidins (PA) as a cross-linking agent. The low concentration of collagen gives the bioink good fluidity and excellent biocompatibility, and a small amount of PA increases the cross-linking density of the system to obtain better mechanical properties. Using commercial digital light processing (DLP) printers, this collagen-based ink can effectively print structures with micrometer resolution, and the fidelity of the 3D structures can reach above 90%. Cells were able to be loaded in the bioink and distributed uniformly in the collagen scaffold in an unscathed way. This photocurable collagen bioink has broad application potential in DLP 3D bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihuan Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Changren Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
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20
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Gao Q, Kim BS, Gao G. Advanced Strategies for 3D Bioprinting of Tissue and Organ Analogs Using Alginate Hydrogel Bioinks. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:708. [PMID: 34940707 PMCID: PMC8708555 DOI: 10.3390/md19120708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate is a natural polysaccharide that typically originates from various species of algae. Due to its low cost, good biocompatibility, and rapid ionic gelation, the alginate hydrogel has become a good option of bioink source for 3D bioprinting. However, the lack of cell adhesive moieties, erratic biodegradability, and poor printability are the critical limitations of alginate hydrogel bioink. This review discusses the pivotal properties of alginate hydrogel as a bioink for 3D bioprinting technologies. Afterward, a variety of advanced material formulations and biofabrication strategies that have recently been developed to overcome the drawbacks of alginate hydrogel bioink will be focused on. In addition, the applications of these advanced solutions for 3D bioprinting of tissue/organ mimicries such as regenerative implants and in vitro tissue models using alginate-based bioink will be systematically summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Gao
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Byoung-Soo Kim
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626841, Kyungnam, Korea;
| | - Ge Gao
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China;
- Department of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
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21
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Stepanovska J, Otahal M, Hanzalek K, Supova M, Matejka R. pH Modification of High-Concentrated Collagen Bioinks as a Factor Affecting Cell Viability, Mechanical Properties, and Printability. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040252. [PMID: 34940312 PMCID: PMC8700843 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3D bioprinting of cell-incorporated gels is a promising direction in tissue engineering applications. Collagen-based hydrogels, due to their similarity to extracellular matrix tissue, can be a good candidate for bioink and 3D bioprinting applications. However, low hydrogel concentrations of hydrogel (<10 mg/mL) provide insufficient structural support and, in highly concentrated gels, cell proliferation is reduced. In this study, we showed that it is possible to print highly concentrated collagen hydrogels with incorporated cells, where the viability of the cells in the gel remains very good. This can be achieved simply by optimizing the properties of the bioink, particularly the gel composition and pH modification, as well as by optimizing the printing parameters. The bioink composed of porcine collagen hydrogel with a collagen concentration of 20 mg/mL was tested, while the final bioink collagen concentration was 10 mg/mL. This bioink was modified with 0, 5, 9, 13, 17 and 20 μL/mL of 1M NaOH solution, which affected the resulting pH and gelling time. Cylindrical samples based on the given bioink, with the incorporation of porcine adipose-derived stromal cells, were printed with a custom 3D bioprinter. These constructs were cultivated in static conditions for 6 h, and 3 and 5 days. Cell viability and morphology were evaluated. Mechanical properties were evaluated by means of a compression test. Our results showed that optimal composition and the addition of 13 μL NaOH per mL of bioink adjusted the pH of the bioink enough to allow cells to grow and divide. This modification also contributed to a higher elastic modulus, making it possible to print structures up to several millimeters with sufficient mechanical resistance. We optimized the bioprinter parameters for printing low-viscosity bioinks. With this experiment, we showed that a high concentration of collagen gels may not be a limiting factor for cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Stepanovska
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic; (J.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Martin Otahal
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic;
| | - Karel Hanzalek
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic; (J.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Monika Supova
- Department of Composites and Carbon Materials, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 09 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Roman Matejka
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic; (J.S.); (K.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-224-359-936
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22
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Xu Q, Torres JE, Hakim M, Babiak PM, Pal P, Battistoni CM, Nguyen M, Panitch A, Solorio L, Liu JC. Collagen- and hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels and their biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. R, REPORTS : A REVIEW JOURNAL 2021; 146:100641. [PMID: 34483486 PMCID: PMC8409465 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2021.100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have been widely investigated in biomedical fields due to their similar physical and biochemical properties to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) are the main components of the ECM in many tissues. As a result, hydrogels prepared from collagen and HA hold inherent advantages in mimicking the structure and function of the native ECM. Numerous studies have focused on the development of collagen and HA hydrogels and their biomedical applications. In this extensive review, we provide a summary and analysis of the sources, features, and modifications of collagen and HA. Specifically, we highlight the fabrication, properties, and potential biomedical applications as well as promising commercialization of hydrogels based on these two natural polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Xu
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jessica E. Torres
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mazin Hakim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Paulina M Babiak
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Pallabi Pal
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Carly M Battistoni
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Michael Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Luis Solorio
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Julie C. Liu
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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23
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Prendergast ME, Davidson MD, Burdick JA. A biofabrication method to align cells within bioprinted photocrosslinkable and cell-degradable hydrogel constructs via embedded fibers. Biofabrication 2021; 13:10.1088/1758-5090/ac25cc. [PMID: 34507304 PMCID: PMC8603602 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac25cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of biochemical and biophysical cues that control cell behaviors and bulk mechanical properties. For example, anisotropy of the ECM and cell alignment are essential in the directional properties of tissues such as myocardium, tendon, and the knee meniscus. Technologies are needed to introduce anisotropic behavior into biomaterial constructs that can be used for the engineering of tissues as models and towards translational therapies. To address this, we developed an approach to align hydrogel fibers within cell-degradable bioink filaments with extrusion printing, where shear stresses during printing align fibers and photocrosslinking stabilizes the fiber orientation. Suspensions of hydrogel fibers were produced through the mechanical fragmentation of electrospun scaffolds of norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid, which were then encapsulated with meniscal fibrochondrocytes, mesenchymal stromal cells, or cardiac fibroblasts within gelatin-methacrylamide bioinks during extrusion printing into agarose suspension baths. Bioprinting parameters such as the needle diameter and the bioink flow rate influenced shear profiles, whereas the suspension bath properties and needle translation speed influenced filament diameters and uniformity. When optimized, filaments were formed with high levels of fiber alignment, which resulted in directional cell spreading during culture over one week. Controls that included bioprinted filaments without fibers or non-printed hydrogels of the same compositions either with or without fibers resulted in random cell spreading during culture. Further, constructs were printed with variable fiber and resulting cell alignment by varying print direction or using multi-material printing with and without fibers. This biofabrication technology advances our ability to fabricate constructs containing aligned cells towards tissue repair and the development of physiological tissue models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E Prendergast
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Matthew D Davidson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
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24
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Ravanbakhsh H, Bao G, Luo Z, Mongeau LG, Zhang YS. Composite Inks for Extrusion Printing of Biological and Biomedical Constructs. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4009-4026. [PMID: 34510905 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging technology for the fabrication of complex structures with various biological and biomedical applications. The method is based on the layer-by-layer construction of the product using a printable ink. The material used as the ink should possess proper rheological properties and desirable performances. Composite materials, which are extensively used in 3D printing applications, can improve the printability and offer superior performances for the printed constructs. Herein, we review composite inks with a focus on composite hydrogels. The properties of different additives including fibers and nanoparticles are discussed. The performances of various composite inks in biological and biomedical systems are delineated through analyzing the synergistic effects between the composite ink components. Different applications, including tissue engineering, tissue model engineering, soft robotics, and four-dimensional printing, are selected to demonstrate how 3D-printable composite inks are exploited to achieve various desired functionality. This review finally presents an outlook of future perspectives on the design of composite inks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ravanbakhsh
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A0C3, Canada
| | - Guangyu Bao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A0C3, Canada
| | - Zeyu Luo
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Luc G Mongeau
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A0C3, Canada
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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25
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Veiga A, Silva IV, Duarte MM, Oliveira AL. Current Trends on Protein Driven Bioinks for 3D Printing. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1444. [PMID: 34575521 PMCID: PMC8471984 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, three-dimensional (3D) extrusion bioprinting has been on the top trend for innovative technologies in the field of biomedical engineering. In particular, protein-based bioinks such as collagen, gelatin, silk fibroin, elastic, fibrin and protein complexes based on decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) are receiving increasing attention. This current interest is the result of protein's tunable properties, biocompatibility, environmentally friendly nature and possibility to provide cells with the adequate cues, mimicking the extracellular matrix's function. In this review we describe the most relevant stages of the development of a protein-driven bioink. The most popular formulations, molecular weights and extraction methods are covered. The different crosslinking methods used in protein bioinks, the formulation with other polymeric systems or molecules of interest as well as the bioprinting settings are herein highlighted. The cell embedding procedures, the in vitro, in vivo, in situ studies and final applications are also discussed. Finally, we approach the development and optimization of bioinks from a sequential perspective, discussing the relevance of each parameter during the pre-processing, processing, and post-processing stages of technological development. Through this approach the present review expects to provide, in a sequential manner, helpful methodological guidelines for the development of novel bioinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela Veiga
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (A.V.); (I.V.S.); (M.M.D.)
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês V. Silva
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (A.V.); (I.V.S.); (M.M.D.)
| | - Marta M. Duarte
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (A.V.); (I.V.S.); (M.M.D.)
| | - Ana L. Oliveira
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (A.V.); (I.V.S.); (M.M.D.)
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26
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Collagen Bioinks for Bioprinting: A Systematic Review of Hydrogel Properties, Bioprinting Parameters, Protocols, and Bioprinted Structure Characteristics. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091137. [PMID: 34572322 PMCID: PMC8468019 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting is a modern tool suitable for creating cell scaffolds and tissue or organ carriers from polymers that mimic tissue properties and create a natural environment for cell development. A wide range of polymers, both natural and synthetic, are used, including extracellular matrix and collagen-based polymers. Bioprinting technologies, based on syringe deposition or laser technologies, are optimal tools for creating precise constructs precisely from the combination of collagen hydrogel and cells. This review describes the different stages of bioprinting, from the extraction of collagen hydrogels and bioink preparation, over the parameters of the printing itself, to the final testing of the constructs. This study mainly focuses on the use of physically crosslinked high-concentrated collagen hydrogels, which represents the optimal way to create a biocompatible 3D construct with sufficient stiffness. The cell viability in these gels is mainly influenced by the composition of the bioink and the parameters of the bioprinting process itself (temperature, pressure, cell density, etc.). In addition, a detailed table is included that lists the bioprinting parameters and composition of custom bioinks from current studies focusing on printing collagen gels without the addition of other polymers. Last but not least, our work also tries to refute the often-mentioned fact that highly concentrated collagen hydrogel is not suitable for 3D bioprinting and cell growth and development.
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27
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A Robust Protocol for Decellularized Human Lung Bioink Generation Amenable to 2D and 3D Lung Cell Culture. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061538. [PMID: 34207111 PMCID: PMC8234522 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularization efforts must balance the preservation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components while eliminating the nucleic acid and cellular components. Following effective removal of nucleic acid and cell components, decellularized ECM (dECM) can be solubilized in an acidic environment with the assistance of various enzymes to develop biological scaffolds in different forms, such as sheets, tubular constructs, or three-dimensional (3D) hydrogels. Each organ or tissue that undergoes decellularization requires a distinct and optimized protocol to ensure that nucleic acids are removed, and the ECM components are preserved. The objective of this study was to optimize the decellularization process for dECM isolation from human lung tissues for downstream 2D and 3D cell culture systems. Following protocol optimization and dECM isolation, we performed experiments with a wide range of dECM concentrations to form human lung dECM hydrogels that were physically stable and biologically responsive. The dECM based-hydrogels supported the growth and proliferation of primary human lung fibroblast cells in 3D cultures. The dECM is also amenable to the coating of polyester membranes in Transwell™ Inserts to improve the cell adhesion, proliferation, and barrier function of primary human bronchial epithelial cells in 2D. In conclusion, we present a robust protocol for human lung decellularization, generation of dECM substrate material, and creation of hydrogels that support primary lung cell viability in 2D and 3D culture systems
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28
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Active agents loaded extracellular matrix mimetic electrospun membranes for wound healing applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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29
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Ahmed A, Joshi IM, Mansouri M, Ahamed NNN, Hsu MC, Gaborski TR, Abhyankar VV. Engineering fiber anisotropy within natural collagen hydrogels. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C1112-C1124. [PMID: 33852366 PMCID: PMC8285641 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00036.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that biophysical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM), including stiffness, porosity, composition, and fiber alignment (anisotropy), play a crucial role in controlling cell behavior in vivo. Type I collagen (collagen I) is a ubiquitous structural component in the ECM and has become a popular hydrogel material that can be tuned to replicate the mechanical properties found in vivo. In this review article, we describe popular methods to create 2-D and 3-D collagen I hydrogels with anisotropic fiber architectures. We focus on methods that can be readily translated from engineering and materials science laboratories to the life-science community with the overall goal of helping to increase the physiological relevance of cell culture assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Ahmed
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York
| | - Indranil M Joshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York
| | - Mehran Mansouri
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York
| | - Nuzhet N N Ahamed
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York
| | - Meng-Chun Hsu
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York
| | - Thomas R Gaborski
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York
| | - Vinay V Abhyankar
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York
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30
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Liu N, Ye X, Yao B, Zhao M, Wu P, Liu G, Zhuang D, Jiang H, Chen X, He Y, Huang S, Zhu P. Advances in 3D bioprinting technology for cardiac tissue engineering and regeneration. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:1388-1401. [PMID: 33210031 PMCID: PMC7658327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is still one of the leading causes of death in the world, and heart transplantation is the current major treatment for end-stage cardiovascular diseases. However, because of the shortage of heart donors, new sources of cardiac regenerative medicine are greatly needed. The prominent development of tissue engineering using bioactive materials has creatively laid a direct promising foundation. Whereas, how to precisely pattern a cardiac structure with complete biological function still requires technological breakthroughs. Recently, the emerging three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology for tissue engineering has shown great advantages in generating micro-scale cardiac tissues, which has established its impressive potential as a novel foundation for cardiovascular regeneration. Whether 3D bioprinted hearts can replace traditional heart transplantation as a novel strategy for treating cardiovascular diseases in the future is a frontier issue. In this review article, we emphasize the current knowledge and future perspectives regarding available bioinks, bioprinting strategies and the latest outcome progress in cardiac 3D bioprinting to move this promising medical approach towards potential clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanbo Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
| | - Xing Ye
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated South China Hospital, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital) and The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated South China Hospital, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital) and The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Guihuan Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Donglin Zhuang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
| | - Haodong Jiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
| | - Yinru He
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated South China Hospital, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital) and The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
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31
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Mu X, Agostinacchio F, Xiang N, Pei Y, Khan Y, Guo C, Cebe P, Motta A, Kaplan DL. Recent Advances in 3D Printing with Protein-Based Inks. Prog Polym Sci 2021; 115:101375. [PMID: 33776158 PMCID: PMC7996313 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a transformative manufacturing strategy, allowing rapid prototyping, customization, and flexible manipulation of structure-property relationships. Proteins are particularly appealing to formulate inks for 3D printing as they serve as essential structural components of living systems, provide a support presence in and around cells and for tissue functions, and also provide the basis for many essential ex vivo secreted structures in nature. Protein-based inks are beneficial in vivo due to their mechanics, chemical and physical match to the specific tissue, and full degradability, while also to promoting implant-host integration and serving as an interface between technology and biology. Exploiting the biological, chemical, and physical features of protein-based inks can provide key opportunities to meet the needs of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Despite these benefits, protein-based inks impose nontrivial challenges to 3D printing such as concentration and rheological features and reconstitution of the structural hierarchy observed in nature that is a source of the robust mechanics and functions of these materials. This review introduces photo-crosslinking mechanisms and rheological principles that underpins a variety of 3D printing techniques. The review also highlights recent advances in the design, development, and biomedical utility of monolithic and composite inks from a range of proteins, including collagen, silk, fibrinogen, and others. One particular focus throughout the review is to introduce unique material characteristics of proteins, including amino acid sequences, molecular assembly, and secondary conformations, which are useful for designing printing inks and for controlling the printed structures. Future perspectives of 3D printing with protein-based inks are also provided to support the promising spectrum of biomedical research accessible to these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Mu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Francesca Agostinacchio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Ning Xiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Ying Pei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yousef Khan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Chengchen Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Peggy Cebe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Antonella Motta
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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32
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Rajabi N, Rezaei A, Kharaziha M, Bakhsheshi-Rad HR, Luo H, RamaKrishna S, Berto F. Recent Advances on Bioprinted Gelatin Methacrylate-Based Hydrogels for Tissue Repair. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 27:679-702. [PMID: 33499750 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting of body tissues has gained great attention in recent years due to its unique advantages, including the creation of complex geometries and printing the patient-specific tissues with various drug and cell types. The most momentous part of the bioprinting process is bioink, defined as a mixture of living cells and biomaterials (especially hydrogels). Among different biomaterials, natural polymers are the best choices for hydrogel-based bioinks due to their intrinsic biocompatibility and minimal inflammatory response in body condition. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel is one of the high-potential hydrogel-based bioinks due to its easy synthesis with low cost, great biocompatibility, transparent structure that is useful for cell monitoring, photocrosslinkability, and cell viability. Furthermore, the potential of adjusting properties of GelMA due to the synthesis protocol makes it a suitable choice for soft or hard tissues. In this review, different methods for the bioprinting of GelMA-based bioinks, as well as various effective process parameters, are reviewed. Also, several solutions for challenges in the printing of GelMA-based bioinks are discussed, and applications of GelMA-based bioprinted tissues argued as well. Impact statement Bioprinting has been demonstrated as a promising and alternative approach for organ transplantation to develop various types of living tissue. Bioinks, with great biological characteristics similar to the host tissues and rheological/flow features, are the first requirements for the successful bioprinting approach. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel is one of the high-potential hydrogel-based bioinks. This review provides a comprehensive look at different methods for the bioprinting of GelMA-based bioinks and applications of GelMA-based bioprinted tissues for tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Rajabi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Rezaei
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Hongrong Luo
- National Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Seeram RamaKrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Filippo Berto
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Sarrigiannidis S, Rey J, Dobre O, González-García C, Dalby M, Salmeron-Sanchez M. A tough act to follow: collagen hydrogel modifications to improve mechanical and growth factor loading capabilities. Mater Today Bio 2021; 10:100098. [PMID: 33763641 PMCID: PMC7973388 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen hydrogels are among the most well-studied platforms for drug delivery and in situ tissue engineering, thanks to their low cost, low immunogenicity, versatility, biocompatibility, and similarity to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). Despite collagen being largely responsible for the tensile properties of native connective tissues, collagen hydrogels have relatively low mechanical properties in the absence of covalent cross-linking. This is particularly problematic when attempting to regenerate stiffer and stronger native tissues such as bone. Furthermore, in contrast to hydrogels based on ECM proteins such as fibronectin, collagen hydrogels do not have any growth factor (GF)-specific binding sites and often cannot sequester physiological (small) amounts of the protein. GF binding and in situ presentation are properties that can aid significantly in the tissue regeneration process by dictating cell fate without causing adverse effects such as malignant tumorigenic tissue growth. To alleviate these issues, researchers have developed several strategies to increase the mechanical properties of collagen hydrogels using physical or chemical modifications. This can expand the applicability of collagen hydrogels to tissues subject to a continuous load. GF delivery has also been explored, mathematically and experimentally, through the development of direct loading, chemical cross-linking, electrostatic interaction, and other carrier systems. This comprehensive article explores the ways in which these parameters, mechanical properties and GF delivery, have been optimized in collagen hydrogel systems and examines their in vitro or in vivo biological effect. This article can, therefore, be a useful tool to streamline future studies in the field, by pointing researchers into the appropriate direction according to their collagen hydrogel design requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - O. Dobre
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
| | - C. González-García
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
| | - M.J. Dalby
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
| | - M. Salmeron-Sanchez
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
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Zhou K, Dey M, Ayan B, Zhang Z, Ozbolat V, Kim MH, Khristov V, Ozbolat IT. Fabrication of PDMS microfluidic devices using nanoclay-reinforced Pluronic F-127 as a sacrificial ink. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:045005. [PMID: 33571984 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abe55e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is increasingly being employed in biochemical as well as clinical applications and more importantly in fabrication of microfluidic devices. However, the microfluidic community mainly relies on photolithography for fabrication of a defined mask, which is both tedious and expensive requiring clean room settings as well as limited to the generation of two-dimensional (2D) features. In this work, we 3D printed nanoclay-reinforced Pluronic ink as a sacrificial material, which exhibited shear thinning behavior and superior printability allowing the fabrication of unsupported or overhanging templates of channels with uniform diameter and circular cross-sections. To highlight the potential and effectiveness of the presented approach, we fabricated a human blood vessel-on-a-chip model with curved as well as straight channels. These channels were then lined with Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial cells (HUVECs) and subjected to a dynamic culture for 10 days to explore the effect of shear stress on HUVEC morphology based on the location of HUVECs in the devices. Overall, we presented a highly affordable, useful, and practical approach in fabrication of closed microfluidic channels in PDMS based devices, which holds great potential for numerous applications, such as but not limited to tissue/organ-on-chip, microfluidics, point-of-care devices and drug screening platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zhou
- Nanchang University, School of Mechanic & Electronic Engineering, Nanchang, 330031, CHINA
| | - Madhuri Dey
- Penn State, W313 MSC, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, UNITED STATES
| | - Bugra Ayan
- Penn State, W313 MSC, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, UNITED STATES
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Penn State, W313 MSC, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, UNITED STATES
| | - Veli Ozbolat
- Cukurova Universitesi, Ceyhan Engineering Faculty, Adana, 01950, TURKEY
| | - Myoung Hwan Kim
- Penn State, W313, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, UNITED STATES
| | - Vladimir Khristov
- Penn State, Neurosurgery, Herhsey, Pennsylvania, 17033, UNITED STATES
| | - Ibrahim T Ozbolat
- Penn State, W313 MSC, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, UNITED STATES
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Tang M, Rich JN, Chen S. Biomaterials and 3D Bioprinting Strategies to Model Glioblastoma and the Blood-Brain Barrier. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004776. [PMID: 33326131 PMCID: PMC7854518 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent and lethal adult primary central nervous system cancer. An immunosuppresive and highly heterogeneous tumor microenvironment, restricted delivery of chemotherapy or immunotherapy through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), together with the brain's unique biochemical and anatomical features result in its universal recurrence and poor prognosis. As conventional models fail to predict therapeutic efficacy in GBM, in vitro 3D models of GBM and BBB leveraging patient- or healthy-individual-derived cells and biomaterials through 3D bioprinting technologies potentially mimic essential physiological and pathological features of GBM and BBB. 3D-bioprinted constructs enable investigation of cellular and cell-extracellular matrix interactions in a species-matched, high-throughput, and reproducible manner, serving as screening or drug delivery platforms. Here, an overview of current 3D-bioprinted GBM and BBB models is provided, elaborating on the microenvironmental compositions of GBM and BBB, relevant biomaterials to mimic the native tissues, and bioprinting strategies to implement the model fabrication. Collectively, 3D-bioprinted GBM and BBB models are promising systems and biomimetic alternatives to traditional models for more reliable mechanistic studies and preclinical drug screenings that may eventually accelerate the drug development process for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jeremy N. Rich
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Chemical Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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36
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Choi YJ, Park H, Ha DH, Yun HS, Yi HG, Lee H. 3D Bioprinting of In Vitro Models Using Hydrogel-Based Bioinks. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:366. [PMID: 33498852 PMCID: PMC7865738 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has recently emerged as a global pandemic, has caused a serious economic crisis due to the social disconnection and physical distancing in human society. To rapidly respond to the emergence of new diseases, a reliable in vitro model needs to be established expeditiously for the identification of appropriate therapeutic agents. Such models can be of great help in validating the pathological behavior of pathogens and therapeutic agents. Recently, in vitro models representing human organs and tissues and biological functions have been developed based on high-precision 3D bioprinting. In this paper, we delineate an in-depth assessment of the recently developed 3D bioprinting technology and bioinks. In particular, we discuss the latest achievements and future aspects of the use of 3D bioprinting for in vitro modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Jin Choi
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials Research, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797, Changwon 51508, Korea; (Y.-J.C.); (H.P.); (H.-S.Y.)
| | - Honghyun Park
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials Research, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797, Changwon 51508, Korea; (Y.-J.C.); (H.P.); (H.-S.Y.)
| | | | - Hui-Suk Yun
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials Research, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797, Changwon 51508, Korea; (Y.-J.C.); (H.P.); (H.-S.Y.)
| | - Hee-Gyeong Yi
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University (CNU), Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hyungseok Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University (KNU), Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biohealth-Machinery Convergence Engineering, Kangwon National University (KNU), Chuncheon 24341, Korea
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37
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Jeong HJ, Yun Y, Lee SJ, Ha Y, Gwak SJ. Biomaterials and strategies for repairing spinal cord lesions. Neurochem Int 2021; 144:104973. [PMID: 33497713 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes intractable disease and leads to inevitable physical, financial, and psychological burdens on patients and their families. SCI is commonly divided into primary and secondary injury. Primary injury occurs upon direct impact to the spinal cord, which leads to cell necrosis, axon disruption, and vascular loss. This triggers pathophysiological secondary injury, which has several phases: acute, subacute, intermediate, and chronic. These phases are dependent on post-injury time and pathophysiology and have various causes, such as the infiltration of inflammatory cells and release of cytokines that can act as a barrier to neural regeneration. Another unique feature of SCI is the glial scar produced from the reactive proliferation of astrocytes, which acts as a barrier to axonal regeneration. Interdisciplinary research is investigating the use of biomaterials and tissue-engineered fabrication to overcome SCI. In this review, we discuss representative biomaterials, including natural and synthetic polymers and nanomaterials. In addition, we describe several strategies to repair spinal cord injuries, such as fabrication and the delivery of therapeutic biocomponents. These biomaterials and strategies may offer beneficial information to enhance the repair of spinal cord lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun-Jin Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 54538, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeomin Yun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 54538, Iksan, Republic of Korea; Department of Mechanical and Design Engineering, Wonkwang University, 54538, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Jung Gwak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 54538, Iksan, Republic of Korea.
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Gudapati H, Ozbolat IT. The Role of Concentration on Drop Formation and Breakup of Collagen, Fibrinogen, and Thrombin Solutions during Inkjet Bioprinting. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:15373-15385. [PMID: 33295180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The influence of protein concentration on drop formation and breakup of aqueous solutions of fibrous proteins collagen and fibrinogen and globular protein thrombin in different concentration regimes has been investigated during drop-on-demand (DOD) inkjet printing. The capillary-driven thinning and breakup of dilute collagen, fibrinogen, and thrombin solutions, the solutions in which protein molecules are far away from each other, are predominantly resisted by inertial force. Although the capillary-driven thinning and breakup of semidilute unentangled collagen and fibrinogen solutions, the solutions in which protein molecules begin to interpenetrate each other, are predominantly resisted by inertial force on the initial onset of necking, the breakup of droplets is delayed because of the resistance of elastic force. The resistance of viscous force to the necking and breakup of both the dilute and semidilute unentangled protein solutions is negligible. Aggregates or subvisible particles (between 1 and 100 μm) constantly disrupt the formation of droplets for the semidilute unentangled protein solutions, even when their inverse Ohnesorge number (Z) is within the printability range of 4 ≤ Z ≤ 14. Although aggregates are present in the dilute protein solutions, they do not disrupt the formation of droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth Gudapati
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Ibrahim T Ozbolat
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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39
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Hogan KJ, Mikos AG. Biodegradable thermoresponsive polymers: Applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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40
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Ning L, Gil CJ, Hwang B, Theus AS, Perez L, Tomov ML, Bauser-Heaton H, Serpooshan V. Biomechanical factors in three-dimensional tissue bioprinting. APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS 2020; 7:041319. [PMID: 33425087 PMCID: PMC7780402 DOI: 10.1063/5.0023206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting techniques have shown great promise in various fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Yet, creating a tissue construct that faithfully represents the tightly regulated composition, microenvironment, and function of native tissues is still challenging. Among various factors, biomechanics of bioprinting processes play fundamental roles in determining the ultimate outcome of manufactured constructs. This review provides a comprehensive and detailed overview on various biomechanical factors involved in tissue bioprinting, including those involved in pre, during, and post printing procedures. In preprinting processes, factors including viscosity, osmotic pressure, and injectability are reviewed and their influence on cell behavior during the bioink preparation is discussed, providing a basic guidance for the selection and optimization of bioinks. In during bioprinting processes, we review the key characteristics that determine the success of tissue manufacturing, including the rheological properties and surface tension of the bioink, printing flow rate control, process-induced mechanical forces, and the in situ cross-linking mechanisms. Advanced bioprinting techniques, including embedded and multi-material printing, are explored. For post printing steps, general techniques and equipment that are used for characterizing the biomechanical properties of printed tissue constructs are reviewed. Furthermore, the biomechanical interactions between printed constructs and various tissue/cell types are elaborated for both in vitro and in vivo applications. The review is concluded with an outlook regarding the significance of biomechanical processes in tissue bioprinting, presenting future directions to address some of the key challenges faced by the bioprinting community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Ning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Carmen J. Gil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Boeun Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Andrea S. Theus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Lilanni Perez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Martin L. Tomov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Holly Bauser-Heaton
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Telephone: 404-712-9717. Fax: 404-727-9873
| | - Vahid Serpooshan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Telephone: 404-712-9717. Fax: 404-727-9873
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41
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Ioannidis K, Danalatos RI, Champeris Tsaniras S, Kaplani K, Lokka G, Kanellou A, Papachristou DJ, Bokias G, Lygerou Z, Taraviras S. A Custom Ultra-Low-Cost 3D Bioprinter Supports Cell Growth and Differentiation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:580889. [PMID: 33251196 PMCID: PMC7676439 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.580889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in 3D bioprinting have allowed the use of stem cells along with biomaterials and growth factors toward novel tissue engineering approaches. However, the cost of these systems along with their consumables is currently extremely high, limiting their applicability. To address this, we converted a 3D printer into an open source 3D bioprinter and produced a customized bioink based on accessible alginate/gelatin precursors, leading to a cost-effective solution. The bioprinter's resolution, including line width, spreading ratio and extrusion uniformity measurements, along with the rheological properties of the bioinks were analyzed, revealing high bioprinting accuracy within the printability window. Following the bioprinting process, cell survival and proliferation were validated on HeLa Kyoto and HEK293T cell lines. In addition, we isolated and 3D bioprinted postnatal neural stem cell progenitors derived from the mouse subventricular zone as well as mesenchymal stem cells derived from mouse bone marrow. Our results suggest that our low-cost 3D bioprinter can support cell proliferation and differentiation of two different types of primary stem cell populations, indicating that it can be used as a reliable tool for developing efficient research models for stem cell research and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Konstantina Kaplani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Georgia Lokka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kanellou
- Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dionysios J. Papachristou
- Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios Bokias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Wu Y, Ayan B, Moncal KK, Kang Y, Dhawan A, Koduru SV, Ravnic DJ, Kamal F, Ozbolat IT. Hybrid Bioprinting of Zonally Stratified Human Articular Cartilage Using Scaffold-Free Tissue Strands as Building Blocks. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2001657. [PMID: 33073548 PMCID: PMC7677219 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneous and anisotropic articular cartilage is generally studied as a layered structure of "zones" with unique composition and architecture, which is difficult to recapitulate using current approaches. A novel hybrid bioprinting strategy is presented here to generate zonally stratified cartilage. Scaffold-free tissue strands (TSs) are made of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) or predifferentiated ADSCs. Cartilage TSs with predifferentiated ADSCs exhibit improved mechanical properties and upregulated expression of cartilage-specific markers at both transcription and protein levels as compared to TSs with ADSCs being differentiated in the form of strands and TSs of nontransfected ADSCs. Using the novel hybrid approach integrating new aspiration-assisted and extrusion-based bioprinting techniques, the bioprinting of zonally stratified cartilage with vertically aligned TSs at the bottom zone and horizontally aligned TSs at the superficial zone is demonstrated, in which collagen fibers are aligned with designated orientation in each zone imitating the anatomical regions and matrix orientation of native articular cartilage. In addition, mechanical testing study reveals a compression modulus of ≈1.1 MPa, which is similar to that of human articular cartilage. The prominent findings highlight the potential of this novel bioprinting approach for building biologically, mechanically, and histologically relevant cartilage for tissue engineering purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Bugra Ayan
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kazim K Moncal
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Youngnam Kang
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Aman Dhawan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Srinivas V Koduru
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Dino J Ravnic
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Fadia Kamal
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Science, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Ibrahim T Ozbolat
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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43
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Lee JM, Suen SKQ, Ng WL, Ma WC, Yeong WY. Bioprinting of Collagen: Considerations, Potentials, and Applications. Macromol Biosci 2020; 21:e2000280. [PMID: 33073537 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix protein that is widely used in tissue engineering (TE). There is little research done on printing pure collagen. To understand the bottlenecks in printing pure collagen, it is imperative to understand collagen from a bottom-up approach. Here it is aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of collagen printing, where collagen assembly in vivo and the various sources of collagen available for TE application are first understood. Next, the current printing technologies and strategy for printing collagen-based materials are highlighted. Considerations and key challenges faced in collagen printing are identified. Finally, the key research areas that would enhance the functionality of printed collagen are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Min Lee
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Sean Kang Qiang Suen
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Long Ng
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wai Cheung Ma
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wai Yee Yeong
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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44
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Xiao M, Ulloa Severino FP, Iseppon F, Cheng G, Torre V, Tang M. 3D Free-Standing Ordered Graphene Network Geometrically Regulates Neuronal Growth and Network Formation. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:7043-7051. [PMID: 32915578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The control of cell-microenvironment interactions plays a pivotal role in constructing specific scaffolds for tissue engineering. Here, we fabricated a 3D free-standing ordered graphene (3D-OG) network with a precisely defined pattern. When primary cortical cells are cultured on 3D-OG scaffolds, they form well-defined 3D connections. Astrocytes have a more ramified shape similar to that seen in vivo because of the nanosized ripples and wrinkles on the surface of graphene skeleton. Neurons have axons and dendrites aligned along the graphene skeleton, allowing the formation of neuronal networks with highly controlled connections. Neuronal networks have higher electrical activity with functional signaling over a long distance along the graphene skeleton. Our study, for the first time, investigated the geometrical cues on ordered neuronal growth and network formation with the support of graphene in 3D, which therefore advanced the development of customized scaffolds for brain-machine interfaces or neuroprosthetic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xiao
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Francesco Paolo Ulloa Severino
- Cell Biology Department, Duke University Medical Center, 335 Nanaline Duke Building, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Federico Iseppon
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Guosheng Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Vincent Torre
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
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45
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Adhikari J, Roy A, Das A, Ghosh M, Thomas S, Sinha A, Kim J, Saha P. Effects of Processing Parameters of 3D Bioprinting on the Cellular Activity of Bioinks. Macromol Biosci 2020; 21:e2000179. [PMID: 33017096 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this review, few established cell printing techniques along with their parameters that affect the cell viability during bioprinting are considered. 3D bioprinting is developed on the principle of additive manufacturing using biomaterial inks and bioinks. Different bioprinting methods impose few challenges on cell printing such as shear stress, mechanical impact, heat, laser radiation, etc., which eventually lead to cell death. These factors also cause alteration of cells phenotype, recoverable or irrecoverable damages to the cells. Such challenges are not addressed in detail in the literature and scientific reports. Hence, this review presents a detailed discussion of several cellular bioprinting methods and their process-related impacts on cell viability, followed by probable mitigation techniques. Most of the printable bioinks encompass cells within hydrogel as scaffold material to avoid the direct exposure of the harsh printing environment on cells. However, the advantages of printing with scaffold-free cellular aggregates over cell-laden hydrogels have emerged very recently. Henceforth, optimal and favorable crosslinking mechanisms providing structural rigidity to the cell-laden printed constructs with ideal cell differentiation and proliferation, are discussed for improved understanding of cell printing methods for the future of organ printing and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Adhikari
- J. Adhikari, A. Das, Dr. A. Sinha, M. N. Dastur School of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711103, India
| | - Avinava Roy
- A. Roy, Dr. M. Ghosh, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711103, India
| | - Anindya Das
- J. Adhikari, A. Das, Dr. A. Sinha, M. N. Dastur School of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711103, India
| | - Manojit Ghosh
- A. Roy, Dr. M. Ghosh, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711103, India
| | - Sabu Thomas
- Prof. S. Thomas, School of Chemical Sciences, MG University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Arijit Sinha
- J. Adhikari, A. Das, Dr. A. Sinha, M. N. Dastur School of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711103, India
| | - Jinku Kim
- Prof. J. Kim, Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, 30016, South Korea
| | - Prosenjit Saha
- Dr. P. Saha, Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, Arch Water Front Building, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700091, India
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46
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Correa SO, Luo X, Raub CB. Microfluidic fabrication of stable collagen microgels with aligned microstructure using flow-driven co-deposition and ionic gelation. JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING : STRUCTURES, DEVICES, AND SYSTEMS 2020; 30:085002. [PMID: 37273664 PMCID: PMC10237176 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6439/ab8ebf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The controlled biofabrication of stable, aligned collagen hydrogels within microfluidic devices is critically important to the design of more physiologically accurate, longer-cultured on-chip models of tissue and organs. To address this goal, collagen-alginate microgels were formed in a microfluidic channel by calcium crosslinking of a flowing collagen-alginate solution through a cross-channel chitosan membrane spanning a pore allowing ion diffusion but not convection. The gels formed within seconds as isolated islands in a single channel, and their growth was self-limiting. Total gel thickness was controlled by altering the concentration of calcium and collagen-alginate flow rate to reach an equilibrium of calcium diffusion and solution convection at the gel boundary, for a desired thickness of 30-200 μm. Additionally, less calcium and higher flow produced greater compression of the gel, with regions farther from the pore compressing more. An aligned, stable collagen network was demonstrated by collagen birefringence, circumferential texture orientation, and little change in gel dimensions with de-chelation of calcium from alginate by prolonged flow of EDTA in the channel. Resultant gels were most stable and only slightly asymmetric when formed from solutions containing 8 mg ml-1 collagen. Diffusion of 4 kDa and 70 kDa fluorescently-labeled dextran indicated size-dependent diffusion across the gel, and accessibility of the construct to appropriately-sized bioactive molecules. This work demonstrates the physicochemical parameter control of collagen gel formation in microfluidic devices, with utility toward on-chip models of dense extracellular matrix invasion, cancer growth and drug delivery to cells within dense extracellular matrix bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago O Correa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Xiaolong Luo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Washington DC, United States of America
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Christopher B Raub
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington DC, United States of America
- These authors contributed equally to this work
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Raut HK, Das R, Liu Z, Liu X, Ramakrishna S. Biocompatibility of Biomaterials for Tissue Regeneration or Replacement. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000160. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Kumar Raut
- Division of Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Rd Singapore 487372 Republic of Singapore
| | - Rupambika Das
- Division of Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Rd Singapore 487372 Republic of Singapore
| | - Ziqian Liu
- Department of Mechanical Materials, and Manufacturing Engineering The University of Nottingham Ningbo, China 199 Taikang East Road Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Mechanical Materials, and Manufacturing Engineering The University of Nottingham Ningbo, China 199 Taikang East Road Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117574 Singapore
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48
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Zhang S, Li G, Man J, Zhang S, Li J, Li J, Li D. Fabrication of Microspheres from High-Viscosity Bioink Using a Novel Microfluidic-Based 3D Bioprinting Nozzle. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E681. [PMID: 32674334 PMCID: PMC7408603 DOI: 10.3390/mi11070681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a novel technology utilizing biocompatible materials, cells, drugs, etc. as basic microcomponents to form 3D artificial structures and is believed as a promising method for regenerative medicine. Droplet-based bioprinting can precisely generate microspheres and manipulate them into organized structures with high fidelity. Biocompatible hydrogels are usually used as bioinks in 3D bioprinting, however, the viscosity of the bioink could be increased due to the additives such as cells, drugs, nutrient factors and other functional polymers in some particular applications, making it difficult to form monodispersed microspheres from high-viscosity bioink at the orifice of the nozzle. In this work, we reported a novel microfluidic-based printing nozzle to prepare monodispersed microspheres from high-viscosity bioink using the phase-inversion method. Different flowing conditions can be achieved by changing the flow rates of the fluids to form monodispersed solid and hollow microspheres using the same nozzle. The diameter of the microspheres can be tuned by changing the flow rate ratio and the size distribution of the microspheres is narrow. The prepared calcium alginate microspheres could also act as micro-carriers in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; (S.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (J.L.)
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Guiling Li
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; (S.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (J.L.)
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; (S.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (J.L.)
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; (S.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (J.L.)
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; (S.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (J.L.)
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Donghai Li
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Chan WW, Yeo DCL, Tan V, Singh S, Choudhury D, Naing MW. Additive Biomanufacturing with Collagen Inks. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7030066. [PMID: 32630194 PMCID: PMC7552643 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen is a natural polymer found abundantly in the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is easily extracted from a variety of sources and exhibits excellent biological properties such as biocompatibility and weak antigenicity. Additionally, different processes allow control of physical and chemical properties such as mechanical stiffness, viscosity and biodegradability. Moreover, various additive biomanufacturing technology has enabled layer-by-layer construction of complex structures to support biological function. Additive biomanufacturing has expanded the use of collagen biomaterial in various regenerative medicine and disease modelling application (e.g., skin, bone and cornea). Currently, regulatory hurdles in translating collagen biomaterials still remain. Additive biomanufacturing may help to overcome such hurdles commercializing collagen biomaterials and fulfill its potential for biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weng Wan Chan
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
| | - David Chen Loong Yeo
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Vernice Tan
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Satnam Singh
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Deepak Choudhury
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (M.W.N.)
| | - May Win Naing
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-04, Innovis, Singapore City 138634, Singapore
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (M.W.N.)
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50
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Schwab A, Hélary C, Richards R, Alini M, Eglin D, D'Este M. Tissue mimetic hyaluronan bioink containing collagen fibers with controlled orientation modulating cell migration and alignment. Mater Today Bio 2020; 7:100058. [PMID: 32613184 PMCID: PMC7317236 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofabrication is providing scientists and clinicians the ability to produce engineered tissues with desired shapes and gradients of composition and biological cues. Typical resolutions achieved with extrusion-based bioprinting are at the macroscopic level. However, for capturing the fibrillar nature of the extracellular matrix (ECM), it is necessary to arrange ECM components at smaller scales, down to the micron and the molecular level. Herein, we introduce a bioink containing the tyramine derivative of hyaluronan (HA; henceforth known as THA) and collagen (Col) type 1. In this bioink, similar to connective tissues, Col is present in the fibrillar form, and HA functions as a viscoelastic space filler. THA was enzymatically cross-linked under mild conditions allowing simultaneous Col fibrillogenesis, thus achieving a homogeneous distribution of Col fibrils within the viscoelastic HA-based matrix. The THA-Col composite displayed synergistic properties in terms of storage modulus and shear thinning, translating into good printability. Shear-induced alignment of the Col fibrils along the printing direction was achieved and quantified via immunofluorescence and second-harmonic generation. Cell-free and cell-laden constructs were printed and characterized, analyzing the influence of the controlled microscopic anisotropy on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) migration. Anisotropic HA-Col showed cell-instructive properties modulating hMSC adhesion, morphology, and migration from micropellets stimulated by the presence and the orientation of Col fibers. Actin filament staining showed that hMSCs embedded in aligned constructs displayed increased cytoskeleton alignment along the fibril direction. Based on gene expression of cartilage/bone markers and ECM production, hMSCs embedded in the isotropic bioink displayed chondrogenic differentiation comparable with standard pellet culture by means of proteoglycan production (safranin O staining and proteoglycan quantification). The possibility of printing matrix components with control over microscopic alignment brings biofabrication one step closer to capturing the complexity of native tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Schwab
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
| | - C. Hélary
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Laboratoire de Chimie de La Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), Paris, France
| | - R.G. Richards
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
| | - M. Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
| | - D. Eglin
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
| | - M. D'Este
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
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