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Salamatullah AM. Convolvulus arvensis: Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Properties of Chemically Profiled Essential Oils: An Approach against Nosocomial Infections. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122138. [PMID: 36556503 PMCID: PMC9788032 DOI: 10.3390/life12122138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Convolvulus arvensis is a medicinal plant in the family Convolvulaceae, which is used in traditional phytotherapy. The objective of this work was conducted to valorize essential oils of Convolvulus arvensis (EOCA) in terms of chemical composition, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. To achieve this objective, the chemical composition was performed by the use of GC-SM. Antioxidant power was effectuated by the use of DPPH, FRAP, and TAC assays. Evaluation of the antimicrobial power was conducted against clinically important pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae, and S. aureus) and fungi (A. niger, C. albicans, and A. flavus) by the use of disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assays. The results showed that the yield of recovered EOs from Convolvulus arvensis was 0.34% of the total mass of leaves and mainly was rich in cuprenne (34%), thymol (20%), himachalene (16%), and longifolene (10%). Notably, EOCA exhibited important antioxidant effects, wherein IC50 (DPPH) and EC50 (FRAP) were determined to be 30 µg/mL and 120 µg/mL, respectively, while the total antioxidant power was determined to be 508.0 ± 6.0 µg EAA/mg. An important antibacterial effect was noted for EOCA as an excellent inhibition zone was recorded against all bacterial strains, particularly K. pneumoniae and S. aureus with 14.27 ± 0.42 and 21.35 ± 0.76 mm, respectively. Similarly, MICs of K. pneumoniae and S. aureus were 21.35 ± 0.76 mm and 28.62 ± 1.65 µg/mL, respectively. Noticeably, important antifungal activity was shown by EOCA against all fungal strains wherein the inhibition zone diameters against all fungal species ranged from 19.44 ± 1.10 to 20.41 ± 1.81 mm. Notably, MICs of EOCA against F. oxysporum and C. albicans were 18.65 ± 0.94 and 19.38 ± 0.58 g/mL, respectively. The outcome of the present work showed that EOs from Convolvulus arvensis can be used to conceptualize drugs to manage diseases relative to free radicals and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11 P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Pina LTS, Serafini MR, Oliveira MA, Sampaio LA, Guimarães JO, Guimarães AG. Carvone and its pharmacological activities: A systematic review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 196:113080. [PMID: 34999510 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural products from plants have gained prominence in the search for therapeutic alternatives. Monoterpenes, such as carvone, are suggested as candidates for the treatment of several diseases. Therefore, the objective of this study is to review the pharmacological activities of carvone in experimental models in vitro and in vivo. For this, the searches were carried out in May 2020 (upgraded in July 2021) in the databases of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus and gathered studies on the pharmacological activities of carvone. Two independent reviewers performed the selection of articles using the Rayyan application, extracted the relevant data and assessed the methodological quality of the selected studies using Syrcle's risk of bias tool. Ninety-one articles were selected that described 10 pharmacological activities of carvone, such as antimicrobial, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antinociceptive, anticonvulsant, among others. The evaluation of the methodological quality presented an uncertain risk of bias for most studies. In light of that, carvone stands out as a viable and promising alternative in the treatment of several pathological conditions. However, carrying out studies to evaluate possible mechanisms of action and the safety of this monoterpene is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lícia T S Pina
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
| | - Mairim R Serafini
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Marlange A Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Laeza A Sampaio
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Juliana O Guimarães
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Adriana G Guimarães
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
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Zhang L, Chen Y, Li Z, Li X, Fan G. Bioactive properties of the aromatic molecules of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) essential oil: a review. Food Funct 2022; 13:3110-3132. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04080d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spearmint belongs to the genus Mentha in the family Labiateae (Lamiaceae), which is wildly cultivated worldwide for its remarkable aroma and commercial value. The aromatic molecules of spearmint essential oil,...
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Tedjini R, Ziani BE, Casimiro T, Viveiros R, Calhelha RC, Barros L, Boukenna L, Hamdi A, Chebout R, Bachari K, Talhi O, Silva AM. Hemi-synthesis of novel (S)-carvone hydrazone from Carum carvi L. essential oils: Structural and crystal characterization, targeted bioassays and molecular docking on human protein kinase (CK2) and Epidermal Growth factor Kinase (EGFK). J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bouyahya A, Mechchate H, Benali T, Ghchime R, Charfi S, Balahbib A, Burkov P, Shariati MA, Lorenzo JM, Omari NE. Health Benefits and Pharmacological Properties of Carvone. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1803. [PMID: 34944447 PMCID: PMC8698960 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Carvone is a monoterpene ketone contained in the essential oils of several aromatic and medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families. From aromatic plants, this monoterpene is secreted at different concentrations depending on the species, the parts used, and the extraction methods. Currently, pharmacological investigations showed that carvone exhibits multiple pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antineuraminidase, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. These studies were carried out in vitro and in vivo and involved a great deal of knowledge on the mechanisms of action. Indeed, the antimicrobial effects are related to the action of carvone on the cell membrane and to ultrastructural changes, while the anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects involve the action on cellular and molecular targets such as inducing of apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence. With its multiple mechanisms, carvone can be considered as natural compounds to develop therapeutic drugs. However, other investigations regarding its precise mechanisms of action as well as its acute and chronic toxicities are needed to validate its applications. Therefore, this review discusses the principal studies investigating the pharmacological properties of carvone, and the mechanism of action underlying some of these properties. Moreover, further investigations of major pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies were also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Hamza Mechchate
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Fez B.P. 1796, Morocco;
| | - Taoufiq Benali
- Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Sidi Bouzid B.P. 4162, Morocco;
| | - Rokia Ghchime
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Hospital of Specialities, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat B.P 6527, Morocco; Rabat
| | - Saoulajan Charfi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan B.P. 2117, Morocco;
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco;
| | - Pavel Burkov
- South Ural State Agrarian University, 13 Gagarina St., 457100 Troitsk, Russia;
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Research Department, K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (The First Cossack University), 73, Zemlyanoy Val St., 109004 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Jose M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia Nº 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
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Sousa C, Neves BM, Leitão AJ, Mendes AF. Elucidation of the Mechanism Underlying the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of (S)-(+)-Carvone Identifies a Novel Class of Sirtuin-1 Activators in a Murine Macrophage Cell Line. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070777. [PMID: 34356841 PMCID: PMC8301357 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling pathways involved in age-related inflammation are increasingly recognized as targets for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies. Our previous study elucidated the structure-activity relationship of monoterpene compounds derived from p-menthane as potential anti-inflammatory drugs and identified (S)-(+)-carvone as the most potent among the compounds tested. This study aims at identifying the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of (S)-(+)-carvone. The murine macrophage cell line, Raw 264.7, was stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate inflammation. Western blot was used to assess protein levels and post-translational modifications. The subcellular localization of NF-κB/p65 was visualized by immunocytochemistry. An in vitro fluorometric assay was used to measure Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) activity. (S)-(+)-carvone inhibited LPS-induced JNK1 phosphorylation, but not that of p38 and ERK1/2 and also did not affect the phosphorylation and degradation of the NF-κB inhibitor, IκB-α. Accordingly, (S)-(+)-carvone did not affect LPS-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB/p65 on Ser536 and its nuclear translocation, but it significantly decreased LPS-induced IκB-α resynthesis, a NF-κB-dependent process, and NF-κB/p65 acetylation on lysine (Lys) 310. Deacetylation of that Lys residue is dependent on the activity of SIRT1, which was found to be increased by (S)-(+)-carvone, while its protein levels were unaffected. Taken together, these results show that (S)-(+)-carvone is a new SIRT1 activator with the potential to counteract the chronic low-grade inflammation characteristic of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Sousa
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004–504 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.S.); (A.J.L.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Miguel Neves
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine—iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Alcino Jorge Leitão
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004–504 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.S.); (A.J.L.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alexandrina Ferreira Mendes
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004–504 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.S.); (A.J.L.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Moller AC, Parra C, Said B, Werner E, Flores S, Villena J, Russo A, Caro N, Montenegro I, Madrid A. Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Activity of Essential Oil and Main Components from Leaves of Aloysia polystachya Harvested in Central Chile. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010131. [PMID: 33396666 PMCID: PMC7795351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine, first, the chemical composition of Aloysia polystachya (Griseb) Moldenke essential oil, from leaves harvested in central Chile; and second, its antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. Eight compounds were identified via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses, with the most representative being R-carvone (91.03%), R-limonene (4.10%), and dihydrocarvone (1.07%). For Aloysia polystachya essential oil, antioxidant assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), H2O2, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP)) showed good antioxidant activity compared to commercial antioxidant controls; and anti-proliferative assays against three human cancer cell lines (colon, HT-29; prostate, PC-3; and breast, MCF-7) determined an IC50 of 5.85, 6.74, and 9.53 µg/mL, and selectivity indices of 4.75, 4.12, and 2.92 for HT-29, PC-3, and MCF-7, respectively. We also report on assays with CCD 841 CoN (colon epithelial). Overall, results from this study may represent, in the near future, developments for natural-based cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Catalina Moller
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | - Carol Parra
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición y Alimentos (LINA), Departamento Disciplinario de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso CP 2340000, Chile;
| | - Bastian Said
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. Santa María 6400, Vitacura, Santiago 7630000, Chile;
| | - Enrique Werner
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Campus Fernando May, Universidad del Bío-Bío. Avda. Andrés Bello 720, casilla 447, Chillán 3780000, Chile;
| | - Susana Flores
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales y Síntesis Orgánica (LPNSO), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Avda. Leopoldo Carvallo 270, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
| | - Joan Villena
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas (CIB), Facultad de Medicina, Campus de la Salud, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | - Alessandra Russo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Nelson Caro
- Centro de Investigación Australbiotech, Universidad Santo Tomás, Avda. Ejército 146, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - Iván Montenegro
- Escuela de Obstetricia y Puericultura, Facultad de medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (A.M.); Tel.: +56-032-250-0526 (A.M.)
| | - Alejandro Madrid
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales y Síntesis Orgánica (LPNSO), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Avda. Leopoldo Carvallo 270, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (A.M.); Tel.: +56-032-250-0526 (A.M.)
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Asle-Rousta M, Amini R, Aghazadeh S. Carvone suppresses oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver of immobilised rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 129:597-602. [PMID: 33270467 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1851726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The investigation of the effect of carvone (a natural monoterpene) on liver damage caused by chronic immobilisation. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, carvone, stress, and stress-carvone. To induce stress, rats were placed in a restrainer (6 h/21 day) and carvone was treated by gavage at a dose of 20 mg/kg. RESULTS Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase activities were significantly increased in sera of immobilised rats. Chronic immobilisation also increased malondialdehyde levels and decreased reduced glutathione content, as well as increased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NF-κB mRNA expression and also led to the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the liver parenchyma. Carvone's 21-day treatment prevented all of these changes in immobilised rats. CONCLUSION It is concluded that carvone has effectively prevented chronic immobilisation-induced liver injury, most probably through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Asle-Rousta
- Department of Physiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Biology Research Center, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Rahim Amini
- Department of Biology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Safieh Aghazadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Kaur V, Kaur R, Bhardwaj U. A review on dill essential oil and its chief compounds as natural biocide. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishaldeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana Ludhiana India
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana Ludhiana India
| | - Urvashi Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana Ludhiana India
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Félix R, Valentão P, Andrade PB, Félix C, Novais SC, Lemos MFL. Evaluating the In Vitro Potential of Natural Extracts to Protect Lipids from Oxidative Damage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E231. [PMID: 32168810 PMCID: PMC7139815 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation is a chemical reaction known to have negative impacts on living organisms' health and on consumer products' quality and safety. Therefore, it has been the subject of extensive scientific research concerning the possibilities to reduce it, both in vivo and in nonliving organic matrices. It can be started by a variety of oxidants, by both ROS-dependent and -independent pathways, all of them reviewed in this document. Another feature of this reaction is the capacity of lipid peroxyl radicals to react with the non-oxidized lipids, propagating the reaction even in the absence of an external trigger. Due to these specificities of lipid peroxidation, regular antioxidant strategies-although being helpful in controlling oxidative triggers-are not tailored to tackle this challenge. Thus, more suited antioxidant compounds or technologies are required and sought after by researchers, either in the fields of medicine and physiology, or in product development and biotechnology. Despite the existence of several laboratory procedures associated with the study of lipid peroxidation, a methodology to perform bioprospecting of natural products to prevent lipid peroxidation (a Lipid Peroxidation Inhibitory Potential assay, LPIP) is not yet well established. In this review, a critical look into the possibility of testing the capacity of natural products to inhibit lipid peroxidation is presented. In vitro systems used to peroxidize a lipid sample are also reviewed on the basis of lipid substrate origin, and, for each of them, procedural insights, oxidation initiation strategies, and lipid peroxidation extent monitoring are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Félix
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.C.N.); (M.F.L.L.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.V.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.V.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Paula B. Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.V.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Carina Félix
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.C.N.); (M.F.L.L.)
| | - Sara C. Novais
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.C.N.); (M.F.L.L.)
| | - Marco F. L. Lemos
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.C.N.); (M.F.L.L.)
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Wojtunik-Kulesza KA, Kasprzak K, Oniszczuk T, Oniszczuk A. Natural Monoterpenes: Much More than Only a Scent. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900434. [PMID: 31587473 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Terpenes are a widespread group of secondary metabolites that can be found in various family plants such as the Lamiaceae. In view of their numerous valuable biological activities, the industrial production of concrete terpenes and essential oils rich in the substances is intensively studied. Monoterpenes constitute a significant part of the whole group of the aforementioned secondary metabolites. This is due to their numerous biological activities and their ability to permeate the skin. Despite the fact that these substances have gain popularity, they are not comprehensively characterized. The presented review is based on studies of the biological activities of the most important monoterpenes and the essential oils rich in these compounds. The authors focused attention on antioxidant activity, inhibition towards acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase, and α-amylase and α-glucosidase, antifungal, hepatoprotective, sedative properties, and their skin permeation enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina A Wojtunik-Kulesza
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4 A. Chodźki Street, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Kasprzak
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4 A. Chodźki Street, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Oniszczuk
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Lublin University of Life Sciences, 44 Doświadczalna Street, 20-236, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Oniszczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4 A. Chodźki Street, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
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Molecular basis of neurophysiological and antioxidant roles of Szechuan pepper. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Abstract
The enzymatic system of vegetables is well known as an efficient biocatalyst in the stereoselective reduction of ketones. Therefore, we decided to use the comminuted material of several plants including five vegetables (Apium graveolens L., Beta vulgaris L., Daucus carota L., Petroselinum crispum L., and Solanum tuberosum L.) and three fruits (Malus pumila L. “Golden” and “Kortland” as well as Pyrus communis L. “Konferencja”) to obtain enantiomerically pure carveol, which is commercially unavailable. Unexpectedly, all of the used biocatalysts not only reduced the carbonyl group of (4R)-(–)-carvone and (4S)-(+)-carvone, but also reduced the double bond in the cyclohexene ring. The results revealed that (4R)-(–)-carvone was transformed into (1R, 4R)- and (1S, 4R)-dihydrocarvones, and (1R,2R,4R)-dihydrocarveol. Although the enzymatic system of the potato transformed the substrate almost completely, the %de was not the highest. Potato yielded 92%; however, when carrot was used as the biocatalyst, it was possible to obtain 17% of (1R, 4R)-(+)-dihydrocarvone with 100% diastereomeric excess. In turn, the (4S)-(+)-carvone was transformed, using the biocatalysts, into (1R, 4S)- and (1S, 4S)-dihydrocarvones and dihydrocarveols. Complete substrate conversion was observed in biotransformation when potato was used. In the experiments using apple, (1R, 4S)-dihydrocarvone with 100% diastereomeric excess was obtained. Using NMR spectroscopy, we confirmed both diastereoisomers of 4(R)-1,2-dihydrocarveols, which were unseparated in the GC condition. Finally, we proved the high usefulness of vegetables for the biotransformation of both enantiomers of carvone as well as dihydrocarvone.
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Abstract
AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is by far the most prevalent of all known forms of dementia. Despite wide-spread research, the main causes of emergence and development of AD have not been fully recognized. Natural, low-molecular, lipophilic terpenoids constitute an interesting group of secondary plant metabolites, that exert biological activities of possible use in the prevention and treatment of AD. In order to identify secondary metabolites possessing both antioxidant activity and the potential to increase the level of acetylcholine, selected terpenoids have been screened for possible acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity by use of two methods, namely Marston (chromatographic assay) and Ellman (spectrophotometric assay). In order to describe the interaction between terpenes and AChE active gorge, molecular docking simulations were performed. Additionally, all analyzed terpenes were also evaluated for their cytotoxic properties against two normal cell lines using MTT assay. The obtained results show that: carvone (6), pulegone (8) and γ-terpinene (7) possess desirable AChE inhibitory activity. MTT assay revealed low or lack of cytotoxicity of these metabolites. Thus, among the investigated terpenes, carvone (6), pulegone (8) and y-terpinene (7) can be recognized as compounds with most promising activities in the development of multi-target directed ligands.
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BITC and S-Carvone Restrain High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Ameliorate Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance. Pharm Res 2017; 34:2241-2249. [PMID: 28733781 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the preventative activity of benzyl isothiocyante and S-carvone against high-fat diet-induced obesity and metabolic complications. METHODS Ten-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed a high-fat diet and injected intraperitoneally twice per week with benzyl isothiocyante, S-carvone, or vehicle for 8 weeks. The body weight, food intake, and body composition were monitored, and glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests were performed at the end of the experiment. Serum and tissue samples were studied using serum biochemistry, histological, and gene expression analysis to define the effects of benzyl isothiocyante and S-carvone treatments on lipid and glucose metabolism and inflammatory responses. RESULTS Benzyl isothiocyante and S-carvone blocked high-fat diet-induced weight gain, fat accumulation in the liver, and insulin resistance. The beneficial effects were found to be associated with an improvement of expression of macrophage marker genes in white adipose tissue, including F4/80, Cd11b, Cd11c, Cd206, and Tnf-α, and reduced expression of genes (Pparγ2, Scd1, Cd36) responsible for lipid synthesis and transport in the liver. CONCLUSION Benzyl isothiocyante and S-carvone block high-fat diet-induced obesity and metabolism disorders and can be considered for management of the obesity epidemic that affects approximately 36% of adults and 17% of children in the USA.
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