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Marcantoni I, Piccolantonio G, Ghoushi M, Valenti M, Reversi L, Mariotti F, Foschi N, Lattanzi S, Burattini L, Fabri M, Polonara G. Interhemispheric functional connectivity: an fMRI study in callosotomized patients. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1363098. [PMID: 38812473 PMCID: PMC11133720 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1363098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Functional connectivity (FC) is defined in terms of temporal correlations between physiological signals, which mainly depend upon structural (axonal) connectivity; it is commonly studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Interhemispheric FC appears mostly supported by the corpus callosum (CC), although several studies investigating this aspect have not provided conclusive evidence. In this context, patients in whom the CC was resected for therapeutic reasons (split-brain patients) provide a unique opportunity for research into this issue. The present study was aimed at investigating with resting-state fMRI the interhemispheric FC in six epileptic patients who have undergone surgical resection of the CC. Methods The analysis was performed using fMRI of the Brain Software Library; the evaluation of interhemispheric FC and the recognition of the resting-state networks (RSNs) were performed using probabilistic independent component analysis. Results Generally, bilateral brain activation was often observed in primary sensory RSNs, while in the associative areas, such as those composing the default mode and fronto-parietal networks, the activation was often unilateral. Discussion These results suggest that even in the absence of the CC, some interhemispheric communication is still present. This residual FC might be supported through extra-callosal pathways that are likely subcortical, making it possible for some interhemispheric integration. Further studies are needed to confirm these conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marcantoni
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giusi Piccolantonio
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria per Medicina di Innovazione, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mojgan Ghoushi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Valenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Reversi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Mariotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Foschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simona Lattanzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Burattini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mara Fabri
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Polonara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche e Odontostomatologiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Xiao X, Yang N, Gu G, Wang X, Jiang Z, Li T, Zhang X, Ma L, Zhang P, Liao H, Zhang L. Diffusion MRI is valuable in brainstem glioma genotyping with quantitative measurements of white matter tracts. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:2921-2933. [PMID: 37926739 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the value of diffusion MRI (dMRI) in H3K27M genotyping of brainstem glioma (BSG). METHODS A primary cohort of BSG patients with dMRI data (b = 0, 1000 and 2000 s/mm2) and H3K27M mutation information were included. A total of 13 diffusion tensor and kurtosis imaging (DTI; DKI) metrics were calculated, then 17 whole-tumor histogram features and 29 along-tract white matter (WM) microstructural measurements were extracted from each metric and assessed within genotypes. After feature selection through univariate analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method, multivariate logistic regression was used to build dMRI-derived genotyping models based on retained tumor and WM features separately and jointly. Model performances were tested using ROC curves and compared by the DeLong approach. A nomogram incorporating the best-performing dMRI model and clinical variables was generated by multivariate logistic regression and validated in an independent cohort of 27 BSG patients. RESULTS At total of 117 patients (80 H3K27M-mutant) were included in the primary cohort. In total, 29 tumor histogram features and 41 WM tract measurements were selected for subsequent genotyping model construction. Incorporating WM tract measurements significantly improved diagnostic performances (p < 0.05). The model incorporating tumor and WM features from both DKI and DTI metrics showed the best performance (AUC = 0.9311). The nomogram combining this dMRI model and clinical variables achieved AUCs of 0.9321 and 0.8951 in the primary and validation cohort respectively. CONCLUSIONS dMRI is valuable in BSG genotyping. Tumor diffusion histogram features are useful in genotyping, and WM tract measurements are more valuable in improving genotyping performance. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT This study found that diffusion MRI is valuable in predicting H3K27M mutation in brainstem gliomas, which is helpful to realize the noninvasive detection of brainstem glioma genotypes and improve the diagnosis of brainstem glioma. KEY POINTS • Diffusion MRI has significant value in brainstem glioma H3K27M genotyping, and models with satisfactory performances were built. • Whole-tumor diffusion histogram features are useful in H3K27M genotyping, and quantitative measurements of white matter tracts are valuable as they have the potential to improve model performance. • The model combining the most discriminative diffusion MRI model and clinical variables can help make clinical decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119#, Nan Si Huan Xi Lu, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Ne Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guocan Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119#, Nan Si Huan Xi Lu, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xianyu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119#, Nan Si Huan Xi Lu, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119#, Nan Si Huan Xi Lu, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Longfei Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119#, Nan Si Huan Xi Lu, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongen Liao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119#, Nan Si Huan Xi Lu, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Pogledic I, Bobić‐Rasonja M, Mitter C, Štajduhar A, Schwartz E, Milković‐Periša M, Baltzer PA, Lequin M, Krampl‐Bettelheim E, Kasprian G, Judaš M, Prayer D, Jovanov‐Milosevic N. Fetal indusium griseum is a possible biomarker of the regularity of brain midline development in 3T MR imaging: A retrospective observational study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:897-906. [PMID: 38339766 PMCID: PMC11019519 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to assess the visibility of the indusium griseum (IG) in magnetic resonance (MR) scans of the human fetal brain and to evaluate its reliability as an imaging biomarker of the normality of brain midline development. MATERIAL AND METHODS The retrospective observational study encompassed T2-w 3T MR images from 90 post-mortem fetal brains and immunohistochemical sections from 41 fetal brains (16-40 gestational weeks) without cerebral pathology. Three raters independently inspected and evaluated the visibility of IG in post-mortem and in vivo MR scans. Weighted kappa statistics and regression analysis were used to determine inter- and intra-rater agreement and the type and strength of the association of IG visibility with gestational age. RESULTS The visibility of the IG was the highest between the 25 and 30 gestational week period, with a very good inter-rater variability (kappa 0.623-0.709) and excellent intra-rater variability (kappa 0.81-0.93). The immunochemical analysis of the histoarchitecture of IG discloses the expression of highly hydrated extracellular molecules in IG as the substrate of higher signal intensity and best visibility of IG during the mid-fetal period. CONCLUSIONS The knowledge of developmental brain histology and fetal age allows us to predict the IG-visibility in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and use it as a biomarker to evaluate the morphogenesis of the brain midline. As a biomarker, IG is significant for post-mortem pathological examination by MRI. Therefore, in the clinical in vivo imaging examination, IG should be anticipated when an assessment of the brain midline structures is needed in mid-gestation, including corpus callosum thickness measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Pogledic
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐guided Therapy, Allgemeines KrankenhausMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Mihaela Bobić‐Rasonja
- Department of BiologySchool of Medicine, University of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Scientific Center of Excellence for Basic, Clinical and Translational NeuroscienceSchool of Medicine University of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Christian Mitter
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐guided Therapy, Allgemeines KrankenhausMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Systematic Anatomy, Center for Anatomy and Cell BiologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Andrija Štajduhar
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Scientific Center of Excellence for Basic, Clinical and Translational NeuroscienceSchool of Medicine University of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
- School of MedicineSchool of Public Health “Andrija Štampar” University of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Ernst Schwartz
- Computational Imaging Research Lab, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐Guided TherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Marija Milković‐Periša
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, School of MedicineUniversity Hospital Center Zagreb, University of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Pascal A. Baltzer
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐guided Therapy, Allgemeines KrankenhausMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Maarten Lequin
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Gregor Kasprian
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐guided Therapy, Allgemeines KrankenhausMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Miloš Judaš
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Scientific Center of Excellence for Basic, Clinical and Translational NeuroscienceSchool of Medicine University of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Daniela Prayer
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐guided Therapy, Allgemeines KrankenhausMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Natasa Jovanov‐Milosevic
- Department of BiologySchool of Medicine, University of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Scientific Center of Excellence for Basic, Clinical and Translational NeuroscienceSchool of Medicine University of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
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Murillo C, Eixarch E, Rueda C, Larroya M, Boada D, Grau L, Ponce J, Aldecoa V, Monterde E, Ferrero S, Andreu-Fernández V, Arca G, Oleaga L, Ros O, Hernández MP, Gratacós E, Palacio M, Cobo T. Evidence of brain injury in fetuses of mothers with preterm labor with intact membranes and preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024:S0002-9378(24)00531-3. [PMID: 38685550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain injury and poor neurodevelopment have been consistently reported in infants and adults born before term. These changes occur, at least in part, prenatally and are associated with intra-amniotic inflammation. The pattern of brain changes has been partially documented by magnetic resonance imaging but not by neurosonography along with amniotic fluid brain injury biomarkers. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the prenatal features of brain remodeling and injury in fetuses from patients with preterm labor with intact membranes or preterm premature rupture of membranes and to investigate the potential influence of intra-amniotic inflammation as a risk mediator. STUDY DESIGN In this prospective cohort study, fetal brain remodeling and injury were evaluated using neurosonography and amniocentesis in singleton pregnant patients with preterm labor with intact membranes or preterm premature rupture of membranes between 24.0 and 34.0 weeks of gestation, with (n=41) and without (n=54) intra-amniotic inflammation. The controls for neurosonography were outpatient pregnant patients without preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes matched 2:1 by gestational age at ultrasound. Amniotic fluid controls were patients with an amniocentesis performed for indications other than preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes without brain or genetic defects whose amniotic fluid was collected in our biobank for research purposes matched by gestational age at amniocentesis. The group with intra-amniotic inflammation included those with intra-amniotic infection (microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and intra-amniotic inflammation) and those with sterile inflammation. Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity was defined as a positive amniotic fluid culture and/or positive 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Inflammation was defined by amniotic fluid interleukin 6 concentrations of >13.4 ng/mL in preterm labor and >1.43 ng/mL in preterm premature rupture of membranes. Neurosonography included the evaluation of brain structure biometric parameters and cortical development. Neuron-specific enolase, protein S100B, and glial fibrillary acidic protein were selected as amniotic fluid brain injury biomarkers. Data were adjusted for cephalic biometrics, fetal growth percentile, fetal sex, noncephalic presentation, and preterm premature rupture of membranes at admission. RESULTS Fetuses from mothers with preterm labor with intact membranes or preterm premature rupture of membranes showed signs of brain remodeling and injury. First, they had a smaller cerebellum. Thus, in the intra-amniotic inflammation, non-intra-amniotic inflammation, and control groups, the transcerebellar diameter measurements were 32.7 mm (interquartile range, 29.8-37.6), 35.3 mm (interquartile range, 31.2-39.6), and 35.0 mm (interquartile range, 31.3-38.3), respectively (P=.019), and the vermian height measurements were 16.9 mm (interquartile range, 15.5-19.6), 17.2 mm (interquartile range, 16.0-18.9), and 17.1 mm (interquartile range, 15.7-19.0), respectively (P=.041). Second, they presented a lower corpus callosum area (0.72 mm2 [interquartile range, 0.59-0.81], 0.71 mm2 [interquartile range, 0.63-0.82], and 0.78 mm2 [interquartile range, 0.71-0.91], respectively; P=.006). Third, they showed delayed cortical maturation (the Sylvian fissure depth-to-biparietal diameter ratios were 0.14 [interquartile range, 0.12-0.16], 0.14 [interquartile range, 0.13-0.16], and 0.16 [interquartile range, 0.15-0.17], respectively [P<.001], and the right parieto-occipital sulci depth ratios were 0.09 [interquartile range, 0.07-0.12], 0.11 [interquartile range, 0.09-0.14], and 0.11 [interquartile range, 0.09-0.14], respectively [P=.012]). Finally, regarding amniotic fluid brain injury biomarkers, fetuses from mothers with preterm labor with intact membranes or preterm premature rupture of membranes had higher concentrations of neuron-specific enolase (11,804.6 pg/mL [interquartile range, 6213.4-21,098.8], 8397.7 pg/mL [interquartile range, 3682.1-17,398.3], and 2393.7 pg/mL [interquartile range, 1717.1-3209.3], respectively; P<.001), protein S100B (2030.6 pg/mL [interquartile range, 993.0-4883.5], 1070.3 pg/mL [interquartile range, 365.1-1463.2], and 74.8 pg/mL [interquartile range, 44.7-93.7], respectively; P<.001), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (1.01 ng/mL [interquartile range, 0.54-3.88], 0.965 ng/mL [interquartile range, 0.59-2.07], and 0.24 mg/mL [interquartile range, 0.20-0.28], respectively; P=.002). CONCLUSION Fetuses with preterm labor with intact membranes or preterm premature rupture of membranes had prenatal signs of brain remodeling and injury at the time of clinical presentation. These changes were more pronounced in fetuses with intra-amniotic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Murillo
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Eixarch
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Rueda
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Larroya
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Boada
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Grau
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Ponce
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Aldecoa
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Monterde
- Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Ferrero
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Andreu-Fernández
- Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gemma Arca
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Oleaga
- Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology, Clinical Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Ros
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Pilar Hernández
- Department of Radiology, Clinical Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Montse Palacio
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Cobo
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia i Neonatología, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínica Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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K. C. R, Tiemroth AS, Thurmon AN, Meadows SM, Galazo MJ. Zmiz1 is a novel regulator of brain development associated with autism and intellectual disability. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1375492. [PMID: 38686122 PMCID: PMC11057416 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1375492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a class of pathologies arising from perturbations in brain circuit formation and maturation with complex etiological triggers often classified as environmental and genetic. Neuropsychiatric conditions such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) are common NDDs characterized by their hereditary underpinnings and inherent heterogeneity. Genetic risk factors for NDDs are increasingly being identified in non-coding regions and proteins bound to them, including transcriptional regulators and chromatin remodelers. Importantly, de novo mutations are emerging as important contributors to NDDs and neuropsychiatric disorders. Recently, de novo mutations in transcriptional co-factor Zmiz1 or its regulatory regions have been identified in unrelated patients with syndromic ID and ASD. However, the role of Zmiz1 in brain development is unknown. Here, using publicly available databases and a Zmiz1 mutant mouse model, we reveal that Zmiz1 is highly expressed during embryonic brain development in mice and humans, and though broadly expressed across the brain, Zmiz1 is enriched in areas prominently impacted in ID and ASD such as cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. We investigated the relationship between Zmiz1 structure and pathogenicity of protein variants, the epigenetic marks associated with Zmiz1 regulation, and protein interactions and signaling pathways regulated by Zmiz1. Our analysis reveals that Zmiz1 regulates multiple developmental processes, including neurogenesis, neuron connectivity, and synaptic signaling. This work paves the way for future studies on the functions of Zmiz1 and highlights the importance of combining analysis of mouse models and human data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan K. C.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Alina S. Tiemroth
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Abbigail N. Thurmon
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Stryder M. Meadows
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Maria J. Galazo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
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Huang R, Chen J, Hou X, Liu L, Sun G, Pan H, Ma Y. Retrospective analysis of the prognostic factors of fetal corpus callosum dysplasia. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:101. [PMID: 38302905 PMCID: PMC10832155 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06300-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the genetic characteristics and long-term outcomes of fetuses with dysplasia of the corpus callosum (DCC) or partial agenesis of the corpus callosum (PACC). METHODS A total of 42 fetuses with DCC (n = 36) or PACC (n = 6) were retrospectively analyzed from January 2016 to December 2022 at the Peking University First Hospital. The cohort was categorized into isolated (15/42, 36%) and nonisolated groups (27/42, 64%), and differences in the genetic abnormalities and long-term outcomes between the two groups were analyzed. DCC was subdivided into short CC, thin CC, and thick CC. The outcomes of the three different types of DCC were analyzed and discussed. RESULTS (1) Thirty-nine of the 42 cases underwent CMA (chromosomal microarray analysis) and CMA + WES (whole exome sequencing), with 13/15 cases in isolated group and 26/27 cases in nonisolated group. Only pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants were considered, identifying P/LP variants in 2/13 cases in isolated group and 12/26 cases in nonisolated group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ² = 3.566, P = 0.05897). (2) In the isolated group, 8 cases were terminated, and 7 cases were delivered. Postnatal follow-up detected 1 case of gross motor development delay one year after birth; no obvious abnormalities were found in the other six cases. In the nonisolated group, 21 cases were terminated, and 6 cases were delivered. Postnatal follow-up detected 4 cases of children with different degrees of language, motor and intelligence abnormalities; 1 case died 10 days after birth. No obvious abnormalities were observed in one case. Six cases (86%, 6/7) in the isolated group showed normal development, compared with 1 case (17%, 1/6) in the nonisolated group, with a significant difference (χ² = 6.198, P = 0.01279). (3) In DCC, the delivery rates of short CCs (18 cases), thin CCs (13 cases), and thick CCs (5 cases) were 17% (3/18), 54% (7/13), and 20% (1/5), respectively, with good outcomes observed in 0% (0/3), 71% (5/7), and 0% (0/1), respectively. P/LP variants were found in 6/17 cases of short CC, 3/12 cases of thin CC, and 2/5 cases of thick CC. CONCLUSIONS Fetuses with DCC or PACC combined with other structural abnormalities had a poor long-term prognosis compared with the isolated group. Patients with thin CCs had a higher probability of a good prognosis than those with short or thick CCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruina Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Junya Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Xinlin Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Guoyu Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yinan Ma
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
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Fu RH, Wu PY, Chou IC, Lin CH, Hong SY. Demographic and clinical characteristics, seizure disorders, and antiepileptic drug usage in different types of corpus callosum disorders: a comparative study in children. Ital J Pediatr 2024; 50:20. [PMID: 38273353 PMCID: PMC10809518 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-024-01589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics, types of seizure disorders, and antiepileptic drug usage among individuals with different types of corpus callosum disorders. METHODS A total of 73 individuals were included in the study and divided into three groups based on the type of corpus callosum abnormality: hypoplasia (H), agenesis (A), and dysgenesis (D). Demographic data, including gender and preterm birth, as well as clinical characteristics such as seizure disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), severe developmental delay/intellectual disability, and other brain malformations, were analyzed. The types of seizure disorders and antiepileptic drugs used were also examined. RESULTS The H group had the highest number of participants (n = 47), followed by the A group (n = 11) and the D group (n = 15). The A group had the highest percentage of males and preterm births, while the D group had the highest percentage of seizure disorders, other brain malformations, and severe developmental delay/intellectual disability. The A group also had the highest percentage of ADHD. Focal seizures were observed in all three groups, with the highest proportion in the A group. Focal impaired awareness seizures (FIAS) were present in all groups, with the highest proportion in the D group. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) were observed in all groups, with the highest proportion in the H group. Different types of antiepileptic drugs were used among the groups, with variations in usage rates for each drug. CONCLUSION This study provided insights into the demographic and clinical characteristics, seizure disorders, and antiepileptic drug usage among individuals with different types of corpus callosum disorders. Significant differences were found between the groups, indicating the need for tailored management approaches. However, the study has limitations, including a small sample size and a cross-sectional design. Further research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs is warranted to validate these findings and explore the relationship between corpus callosum abnormality severity and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, 40402, Taichung, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, 40447, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yen Wu
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, 40447, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Chou
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, 40447, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, 40402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Heng Lin
- Division of Pediatrics Pulmonology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, 40447, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, 40402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Syuan-Yu Hong
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, 40402, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, 40447, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, 40402, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Ćirović M, Jeličić L, Maksimović S, Fatić S, Marisavljević M, Bošković Matić T, Subotić M. EEG Correlates of Cognitive Functions in a Child with ASD and White Matter Signal Abnormalities: A Case Report with Two-and-a-Half-Year Follow-Up. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2878. [PMID: 37761245 PMCID: PMC10529253 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13182878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to examine the EEG correlates of different stimuli processing instances in a child with ASD and white matter signal abnormalities and to investigate their relationship to the results of behavioral tests. The prospective case study reports two and a half years of follow-up data from a child aged 38 to 66 months. Cognitive, speech-language, sensory, and EEG correlates of auditory-verbal and auditory-visual-verbal information processing were recorded during five test periods, and their mutual interrelation was analyzed. EEG findings revealed no functional theta frequency range redistribution in the frontal regions favoring the left hemisphere during speech processing. The results pointed to a positive linear trend in the relative theta frequency range and a negative linear trend in the relative alpha frequency range when listening to and watching the cartoon. There was a statistically significant correlation between EEG signals and behavioral test results. Based on the obtained results, it may be concluded that EEG signals and their association with the results of behavioral tests should be evaluated with certain restraints considering the characteristics of the stimuli during EEG recording.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Ćirović
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Jeličić
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Maksimović
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saška Fatić
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maša Marisavljević
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Bošković Matić
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Centre of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Miško Subotić
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
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9
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Corroenne R, Grevent D, Kasprian G, Stirnemann J, Ville Y, Mahallati H, Salomon LJ. Corpus callosal reference ranges: systematic review of methodology of biometric chart construction and measurements obtained. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2023; 62:175-184. [PMID: 36864530 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adequate reference ranges of size of the corpus callosum (CC) are necessary to improve characterization of CC abnormalities and parental counseling. The objective of this study was to evaluate the methodology used in studies developing references charts for CC biometry. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of studies on fetal CC biometry using a set of predefined quality criteria of study design, statistical analysis and reporting methods. We included observational studies whose primary aim was to create ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging charts for CC size in a normal population of fetuses. Studies were scored against a predefined set of independently agreed methodological criteria, and an overall quality score was given for each study. RESULTS Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Quality scores ranged between 17.4% and 95.7%. The greatest potential for bias was noted for the following items: sample selection and sample-size calculation, as only 17% of the studies were population-based and had consecutive or random recruitment of patients and with a justification of the sample size; number of measurements obtained for CC biometry, as only 17% of the studies performed more than one measurement per fetus and per scan; and description of characteristics of the study population, as only 8% of the studies clearly reported a minimum dataset of demographic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Our review demonstrates substantial heterogeneity in methods and final biometric values of the fetal CC across the evaluated studies. The use of uniform methodology of the highest quality is essential in order to define a 'short' CC and provide appropriate parental counseling. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Corroenne
- Department of Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
- EA Fetus 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - D Grevent
- EA Fetus 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - G Kasprian
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Stirnemann
- Department of Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
- EA Fetus 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Y Ville
- Department of Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
- EA Fetus 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - H Mahallati
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - L J Salomon
- Department of Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
- EA Fetus 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
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Gadewar SP, Nourollahimoghadam E, Bhatt RR, Ramesh A, Javid S, Gari IB, Zhu AH, Thomopoulos S, Thompson PM, Jahanshad N. A Comprehensive Corpus Callosum Segmentation Tool for Detecting Callosal Abnormalities and Genetic Associations from Multi Contrast MRIs. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-4. [PMID: 38083493 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Structural alterations of the midsagittal corpus callosum (midCC) have been associated with a wide range of brain disorders. The midCC is visible on most MRI contrasts and in many acquisitions with a limited field-of-view. Here, we present an automated tool for segmenting and assessing the shape of the midCC from T1w, T2w, and FLAIR images. We train a UNet on images from multiple public datasets to obtain midCC segmentations. A quality control algorithm is also built-in, trained on the midCC shape features. We calculate intraclass correlations (ICC) and average Dice scores in a test-retest dataset to assess segmentation reliability. We test our segmentation on poor quality and partial brain scans. We highlight the biological significance of our extracted features using data from over 40,000 individuals from the UK Biobank; we classify clinically defined shape abnormalities and perform genetic analyses.
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11
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Szczupak D, Lent R, Tovar-Moll F, Silva AC. Heterotopic connectivity of callosal dysgenesis in mice and humans. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1191859. [PMID: 37274193 PMCID: PMC10232863 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1191859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC), the largest brain commissure and the primary white matter pathway for interhemispheric cortical connectivity, was traditionally viewed as a predominantly homotopic structure, connecting mirror areas of the cortex. However, new studies verified that most callosal commissural fibers are heterotopic. Recently, we reported that ~75% of the callosal connections in the brains of mice, marmosets, and humans are heterotopic, having an essential role in determining the global properties of brain networks. In the present study, we leveraged high-resolution diffusion-weighted imaging and graph network modeling to investigate the relationship between heterotopic and homotopic callosal fibers in human subjects and in a spontaneous mouse model of Corpus Callosum Dysgenesis (CCD), a congenital developmental CC malformation that leads to widespread whole-brain reorganization. Our results show that the CCD brain is more heterotopic than the normotypical brain, with both mouse and human CCD subjects displaying highly variable heterotopicity maps. CCD mice have a clear heterotopicity cluster in the anterior CC, while hypoplasic humans have strongly variable patterns. Graph network-based connectivity profile showed a direct impact of heterotopic connections on CCD brains altering several network-based statistics. Our collective results show that CCD directly alters heterotopic connections and brain connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Szczupak
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Roberto Lent
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- D’Or Institute Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Afonso C. Silva
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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12
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Siffredi V, Liverani MC, Van De Ville D, Freitas LGA, Borradori Tolsa C, Hüppi PS, Ha-Vinh Leuchter R. Corpus callosum structural characteristics in very preterm children and adolescents: Developmental trajectory and relationship to cognitive functioning. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 60:101211. [PMID: 36780739 PMCID: PMC9925611 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that structural alteration of the corpus callosum, i.e., the largest white matter commissural pathway, occurs after a preterm birth in the neonatal period and lasts across development. The present study aims to unravel corpus callosum structural characteristics across childhood and adolescence in very preterm (VPT) individuals, and their associations with general intellectual, executive and socio-emotional functioning. Neuropsychological assessments, T1-weighted and multi-shell diffusion MRI were collected in 79 VPT and 46 full term controls aged 6-14 years. Volumetric, diffusion tensor and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) measures were extracted on 7 callosal portions using TractSeg. A multivariate data-driven approach (partial least squares correlation) and a cohort-based age normative modelling approach were used to explore associations between callosal characteristics and neuropsychological outcomes. The VPT and a full-term control groups showed similar trends of white-matter maturation over time, i.e., increase FA and reduced ODI, in all callosal segments, that was associated with increase in general intellectual functioning. However, using a cohort-based age-related normative modelling, findings show atypical pattern of callosal development in the VPT group, with reduced callosal maturation over time that was associated with poorer general intellectual and working memory functioning, as well as with lower gestational age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Siffredi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Chiara Liverani
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; SensoriMotor, Affective and Social Development Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lorena G A Freitas
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Borradori Tolsa
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Petra Susan Hüppi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Russia Ha-Vinh Leuchter
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Minić S, Cerovac N, Novaković I, Gazikalović S, Popadić S, Trpinac D. The Impact of the IKBKG Gene on the Appearance of the Corpus Callosum Abnormalities in Incontinentia Pigmenti. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13071300. [PMID: 37046518 PMCID: PMC10093331 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare skin disease combined with anomalies of the teeth, eyes, and central nervous system (CNS). Mutations of the IKBKG gene are responsible for IP. Among the most frequent CNS abnormalities found in IP using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are corpus callosum (CC) abnormalities. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of CC abnormalities, their relationship with the IKBKG mutations, and the possible presence of mutations of other genes. A group of seven IP patients was examined. Analyses of the IKBKG gene and the X-chromosome inactivation pattern were performed, as well as MRI and whole exome sequencing (WES) with the focus on the genes relevant for neurodegeneration. WES analysis showed IKBKG mutation in all examined patients. A patient who had a mutation of a gene other than IKBKG was excluded from further study. Four of the seven patients had clinically diagnosed CNS anomalies; two out of four had MRI-diagnosed CC anomalies. The simultaneous presence of IKBKG mutation and CC abnormalities and the absence of other mutations indicate that IKBKG may be the cause of CC abnormalities and should be included in the list of genes responsible for CC abnormalities.
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Fabri M, Polonara G. Functional topography of the corpus callosum as revealed by fMRI and behavioural studies of control subjects and patients with callosal resection. Neuropsychologia 2023; 183:108533. [PMID: 36906223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The concept of a topographical map of the corpus callosum (CC), the main interhemispheric commissure, has emerged from human lesion studies and from anatomical tracing investigations in other mammals. Over the last few years, a rising number of researchers have been reporting functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation in also the CC. This short review summarizes the functional and behavioral studies performed in groups of healthy subjects and in patients undergone to partial or total callosal resection, and it is focused on the work conducted by the authors. Functional data have been collected by diffusion tensor imaging and tractography (DTI and DTT) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), both techniques allowing to expand and refine our knowledge of the commissure. Neuropsychological test were also administered, and simple behavioral task, as imitation perspective and mental rotation ability, were analyzed. These researches added new insight on the topographic organization of the human CC. By combining DTT and fMRI it was possible to observe that the callosal crossing points of interhemispheric fibers connecting homologous primary sensory cortices, correspond to the CC sites where the fMRI activation elicited by peripheral stimulation was detected. In addition, CC activation during imitation and mental rotation performance was also reported. These studies demonstrated the presence of specific callosal fiber tracts that cross the commissure in the genu, body, and splenium, at sites showing fMRI activation, consistently with cortical activated areas. Altogether, these findings lend further support to the notion that the CC displays a functional topographic organization, also related to specific behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Fabri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Polonara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche e Odontostomatologiche, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020, Ancona, Italy.
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Delawan M, Qassim A. Behavioral disinhibition following corpus callosotomy done for colloid cyst excision in 15-year-old girl: A case report and literature review. Surg Neurol Int 2023; 14:48. [PMID: 36895210 PMCID: PMC9990786 DOI: 10.25259/sni_9_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a growing body of literature suggesting that the corpus callosum plays an important role in behavior. While behavioral deficits are a rare complication following callosotomy, they are well-documented in agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC), with emerging evidence reporting disinhibition among children with AgCC. Case Description A 15-year-old girl had undergone a right frontal craniotomy and excision of a third ventricle colloid cyst using the transcallosal approach. Ten days after the operation, she was readmitted for progressive symptoms of behavioral disinhibition. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed mild-to-moderate bilateral edematous changes along the operative bed, with no other significant findings. Conclusion To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report in literature to describe behavioral disinhibition occurring as a sequelae to a surgical procedure involving callosotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliya Delawan
- College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulla Qassim
- Department of Neurosurgery, HMS Al Garhoud Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Isiklar S, Ozdemir ST, Ozkaya G, Ozpar R. Three dimensional development and asymmetry of the corpus callosum in the 0-18 age group: A retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study. Clin Anat 2022; 36:581-598. [PMID: 36527384 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Most of the corpus callosum (CC) developmental studies are concerned with its two-dimensional structure. Linear and area measurements do not directly assess the CC size but estimate the overall structure from the cross-sectional image. This study investigated age- and sex-related changes in volumetric development and asymmetry of CC from birth to 18. For this retrospective study, we selected 696 patients (329 [47.27%] females) with both 3D-T1-weighted sequence and normal radiological anatomy from patients 0-18 years of age who had brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between 2012 and 2020. The genu, body, splenium, and total volume of CC were calculated using MRICloud. The measurement results of 23 age groups were analyzed with SPSS (ver.28). Total CC volume was 18740.76 ± 4314.06 mm3 between 0 and 18 years of age, and its ratio to total brain volume (TBV) was 1.70% ± 0.23%. We observed that the total CC volume has six developmental periods 0 years, 1, 2-4, 5-9, 10-16, and 17-18 years. Genu and body grew in five developmental periods, while splenium in seven. There was intermittent sexual dimorphism in the CC volume in the first 4 years of life (p < 0.05). However, sex factor was insignificant in CC ratio to TBV. Total CC was right lateralized on average 1.81% (ranging -0.59% to 4.52%). Genu was 8.70% lateralized to the right, the body was 2.99% to the left, and the splenium was 1.41% to the right. The three-dimensional development of CC agreed with the two-dimensional developmental data of CC except for some differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Isiklar
- Medical Imaging Techniques Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Senem Turan Ozdemir
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Güven Ozkaya
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Rıfat Ozpar
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Byrne H, Spencer APC, Geary G, Jary S, Thoresen M, Cowan FM, Brooks JCW, Chakkarapani E. Development of the corpus callosum and cognition after neonatal encephalopathy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 10:32-47. [PMID: 36480557 PMCID: PMC9852393 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neonatal imaging studies report corpus callosum abnormalities after neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), but corpus callosum development and relation to cognition in childhood are unknown. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we examined the relationship between corpus callosum size, microstructure and cognitive and motor outcomes at early school-age children cooled for HIE (cases) without cerebral palsy compared to healthy, matched controls. A secondary aim was to examine the impact of HIE-related neonatal brain injury on corpus callosum size, microstructure and growth. METHODS Participants aged 6-8 years underwent MRI, the Movement Assessment Battery for Children Second Edition and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Fourth Edition. Cross-sectional area, volume, fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity of the corpus callosum and five subdivisions were measured. Multivariable regression was used to assess associations between total motor score, full-scale IQ (FSIQ) and imaging metrics. RESULTS Adjusting for age, sex and intracranial volume, cases (N = 40) compared to controls (N = 39) demonstrated reduced whole corpus callosum area (β = -26.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -53.17, -0.58), volume (β = -138.5, 95% CI = -267.54, -9.56), fractional anisotropy and increased radial diffusivity (P < 0.05) within segments II-V. In cases, segment V area (β = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.004, 0.35), volume (β = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.001, 0.079), whole corpus callosum fractional anisotropy (β = 13.8 95% CI = 0.6, 27.1) and radial diffusivity (β = -11.3, 95% CI = -22.22, -0.42) were associated with FSIQ. Growth of the corpus callosum was restricted in cases with a FSIQ ≤85, and volume was reduced in cases with mild neonatal multifocal injury compared to white matter injury alone. INTERPRETATION Following neonatal HIE, morphological and microstructural changes in the corpus callosum are associated with reduced cognitive function at early school age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hollie Byrne
- Clinical Research and Imaging CentreUniversity of BristolBristolUK,Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia,Department of PaediatricsUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Arthur P. C. Spencer
- Clinical Research and Imaging CentreUniversity of BristolBristolUK,Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Georgia Geary
- Royal Glamorgan HospitalCwm Taf University Health BoardAbercynonUK
| | - Sally Jary
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Marianne Thoresen
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Frances M. Cowan
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK,Department of PaediatricsImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jonathan C. W. Brooks
- Clinical Research and Imaging CentreUniversity of BristolBristolUK,University of East Anglia Wellcome Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre (UWWBIC)University of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Elavazhagan Chakkarapani
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, St Michaels HospitalUniversity Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation TrustBristolUK
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18
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Eroğlu Y, Baykara M, Perçinel Yazici İ, Utku Yazici K, Kürşad Poyraz A. Evaluation of the corpus callosum using magnetic resonance imaging histogram analysis in autism spectrum disorder. Neuroradiol J 2022; 35:751-757. [PMID: 35523430 PMCID: PMC9626850 DOI: 10.1177/19714009221097507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histogram analysis is a texture analysis method that can be used in medical images. Quantitative values of the intensity of images can be obtained with histogram analysis. It aimed to evaluate corpus callosum in magnetic resonance images (MRIs) using histogram analysis of pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to compare them with healthy controls. METHODS This study included 29 children with ASD and 29 healthy children with normal brain MRI. High-resolution three-dimensional turbo field echo images were obtained with a 1.5 T scanner device for brain magnetic resonance imaging. On the corpus callosum in the sagittal T1-weighted images obtained, mean gray level density (mean), the standard deviation, median, minimum, maximum, entropy, variance, skewness, kurtosis, uniformity, size % L, size % M, size % U, and percentile parameters were measured. RESULTS In ASD patients, mean, standard deviation, maximum, median, variance, entropy, 25%, 75%, 90%, 97%, and 99% values were found to be lower than the control group, and size % U value was higher. In addition, the corpus callosum area was significantly lower in the ASD compared to the controls. CONCLUSION According to our study, corpus callosum of patients with ASD showed differences compared to healthy controls by histogram analysis, even though they were seen as normal in brain MRI. We think that histogram analysis can be used to evaluate possibly affected areas of brain in ASD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşim Eroğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of
Radiology, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Murat Baykara
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of
Radiology, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - İpek Perçinel Yazici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Kemal Utku Yazici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kürşad Poyraz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of
Radiology, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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19
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AQP4, Astrogenesis, and Hydrocephalus: A New Neurological Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810438. [PMID: 36142348 PMCID: PMC9498986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is a cerebral glial marker that labels ependymal cells and astrocytes’ endfeet and is the main water channel responsible for the parenchymal fluid balance. However, in brain development, AQP4 is a marker of glial stem cells and plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of pediatric hydrocephalus. Gliogenesis characterization has been hampered by a lack of biomarkers for precursor and intermediate stages and a deeper understanding of hydrocephalus etiology is needed. This manuscript is a focused review of the current research landscape on AQP4 as a possible biomarker for gliogenesis and its influence in pediatric hydrocephalus, emphasizing reactive astrogliosis. The goal is to understand brain development under hydrocephalic and normal physiologic conditions.
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20
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Tezuka Y, Hagihara KM, Ohki K, Hirano T, Tagawa Y. Developmental stage-specific spontaneous activity contributes to callosal axon projections. eLife 2022; 11:72435. [PMID: 36001081 PMCID: PMC9402231 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The developing neocortex exhibits spontaneous network activity with various synchrony levels, which has been implicated in the formation of cortical circuits. We previously reported that the development of callosal axon projections, one of the major long-range axonal projections in the brain, is activity dependent. However, what sort of activity and when activity is indispensable are not known. Here, using a genetic method to manipulate network activity in a stage-specific manner, we demonstrated that network activity contributes to callosal axon projections in the mouse visual cortex during a ‘critical period’: restoring neuronal activity during that period resumed the projections, whereas restoration after the period failed. Furthermore, in vivo Ca2+ imaging revealed that the projections could be established even without fully restoring highly synchronous activity. Overall, our findings suggest that spontaneous network activity is selectively required during a critical developmental time window for the formation of long-range axonal projections in the cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Tezuka
- Department of Biophysics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Science
| | - Kenta M Hagihara
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Kenichi Ohki
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo School of Medicine
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency
| | - Tomoo Hirano
- Department of Biophysics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Science
| | - Yoshiaki Tagawa
- Department of Biophysics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Science
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
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21
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Impact of Differing Language Background Exposures on Bayley-III Language Assessment in a National Cohort of Children Born Less than 29 Weeks' Gestation. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9071048. [PMID: 35884032 PMCID: PMC9316512 DOI: 10.3390/children9071048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Preterm infants are at risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, especially language delay. Preterm infants < 29 weeks’ gestational age, cared for in Canadian Neonatal Follow-Up Network affiliated hospitals, were assessed between 18 to 21 months corrected age using the Bayley-III. Bayley-III Language Composite Scores were compared using univariate and multivariate analyses for children in three primary language groups: English, French and other. 6146 children were included. The primary language at home was English, French or another language for 3708 children (60%), 1312 children (21%) and 1126 children (18%), respectively, and overall, 44% were exposed to two or more languages at home. Univariate analysis showed that primary language was associated with lower Bayley-III Language scores; however, multivariate analyses demonstrated that neither primary language nor language of administration were significantly associated with lower language scores when adjusted for gestational age, other developmental delays and sociodemographic factors, but multiple language exposure was. Sociodemographic and other factors are more important in determining language development than primary language at home. Further studies are needed to examine the association between exposure to multiple languages and lower Bayley-III language scores in preterm infants.
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22
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Jacob J, Gupta R. Neuropsychological functions in a pediatric case of partial agenesis of the corpus callosum: Clinical implications. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY: CHILD 2022; 12:165-176. [PMID: 35412920 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2022.2059371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC) is involved in several cognitive processes and the interhemispheric transfer of information. The current case study investigated neurocognitive and emotional processes in a 7-year-old female with partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, with an absent splenium and posterior body, with comorbid autism and ADHD. We measured cognitive functions, such as response inhibition, error monitoring, attentional disengagement, and attention capture by irrelevant emotional stimuli. We found that response inhibition was intact in the case. When happy faces were used as stop-signals, it interfered with response inhibition compared to angry-face-stop-signals. Similarly, happy faces (relative to angry faces) interfered with error monitoring; irrelevant angry faces captured attention more than happy faces. Attentional disengagement functions were impaired in the case compared to healthy controls. The findings give an insight into the interaction between cognition and emotion in pediatric partial agenesis of the CC, and have important clinical and theoretical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemima Jacob
- Cognitive and Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Rashmi Gupta
- Cognitive and Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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23
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Pérez-Cruz M, Gómez O, Gibert M, Masoller N, Marimon E, Lip-Sosa D, Bennasar M, Bonet-Carne E, Gómez-Roig MD, Martínez-Crespo JM, Gratacós E, Eixarch E. Corpus callosum size by neurosonography in fetuses with congenital heart defect and relationship with expected pattern of brain oxygen supply. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2022; 59:220-225. [PMID: 33998077 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate corpus callosum (CC) size by neurosonography (NSG) in fetuses with an isolated major congenital heart defect (CHD) and explore the association of CC size with the expected pattern of in-utero oxygen supply to the brain. METHODS A total of 56 fetuses with postnatally confirmed isolated major CHD and 56 gestational-age-matched controls were included. Fetuses with CHD were stratified into two categories according to the main expected pattern of cerebral arterial oxygen supply: Class A, moderately to severely reduced oxygen supply (left outflow tract obstruction and transposition of the great arteries) and Class B, near normal or mildly impaired oxygenated blood supply to the brain (other CHD). Transvaginal NSG was performed at 32-36 weeks in all fetuses to evaluate CC length, CC total area and areas of CC subdivisions in the midsagittal plane. RESULTS CHD fetuses had a significantly smaller CC area as compared to controls (7.91 ± 1.30 vs 9.01 ± 1.44 mm2 ; P < 0.001), which was more pronounced in the most posterior part of the CC. There was a significant linear trend for reduced CC total area across the three clinical groups, with CHD Class-A cases showing more prominent changes (controls, 9.01 ± 1.44 vs CHD Class B, 8.18 ± 1.21 vs CHD Class A, 7.53 ± 1.33 mm2 ; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Fetuses with major CHD had a smaller CC compared with controls, and the difference was more marked in the CHD subgroup with expected poorer brain oxygenation. Sonographic CC size could be a clinically feasible marker of abnormal white matter development in CHD. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pérez-Cruz
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network II (SAMID II), funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), Madrid, Spain
| | - O Gómez
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Gibert
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Masoller
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Marimon
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Lip-Sosa
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Bennasar
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Bonet-Carne
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M D Gómez-Roig
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network II (SAMID II), funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Martínez-Crespo
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Gratacós
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Eixarch
- BCNatal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
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Nakagawa-Tamagawa N, Kirino E, Sugao K, Nagata H, Tagawa Y. Involvement of Calcium-Dependent Pathway and β Subunit-Interaction in Neuronal Migration and Callosal Projection Deficits Caused by the Cav1.2 I1166T Mutation in Developing Mouse Neocortex. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:747951. [PMID: 34955712 PMCID: PMC8692569 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.747951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Gain-of-function mutations in the L-type Ca2+ channel Cav1.2 cause Timothy syndrome (TS), a multisystem disorder associated with neurologic symptoms, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), seizures, and intellectual disability. Cav1.2 plays key roles in neural development, and its mutation can affect brain development and connectivity through Ca2+-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Recently, a gain-of-function mutation, I1166T, in Cav1.2 was identified in patients with TS-like disorder. Its channel properties have been analyzed in vitro but in vivo effects of this mutation on brain development remain unexplored. Methods:In utero electroporation was performed on ICR mice at embryonic day 15 to express GFP, wild-type, and mutant Cav1.2 channels into cortical layer 2/3 excitatory neurons in the primary somatosensory area. The brain was fixed at postnatal days 14–16, sliced, and scanned using confocal microscopy. Neuronal migration of electroporated neurons was examined in the cortex of the electroporated hemisphere, and callosal projection was examined in the white matter and contralateral hemisphere. Results: Expression of the I1166T mutant in layer 2/3 neurons caused migration deficits in approximately 20% of electroporated neurons and almost completely diminished axonal arborization in the contralateral hemisphere. Axonal projection in the white matter was not affected. We introduced second mutations onto Cav1.2 I1166T; L745P mutation blocks Ca2+ influx through Cav1.2 channels and inhibits the Ca2+-dependent pathway, and the W440A mutation blocks the interaction of the Cav1.2 α1 subunit to the β subunit. Both second mutations recovered migration and projection. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the Cav1.2 I1166T mutation could affect two critical steps during cerebrocortical development, migration and axonal projection, in the mouse brain. This is mediated through Ca2+-dependent pathway downstream of Cav1.2 and β subunit-interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Nakagawa-Tamagawa
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Emi Kirino
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kohtaroh Sugao
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Nagata
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tagawa
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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25
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Fabri M, Pierpaoli C, Foschi N, Polonara G. Is the Imitative Competence an Asymmetrically Distributed Function? Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:791520. [PMID: 35002644 PMCID: PMC8738096 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.791520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reconsiders behavioral and functional data from studies investigating the anatomical imitation (AI) and the related mental rotation (MR) competence, carried out by our group in healthy subjects, with intact interhemispheric connections, and in split-brain patients, completely or partially lacking callosal connections. The results strongly point to the conclusion that AI and MR competence requires interhemispheric communication, mainly occurring through the corpus callosum, which is the largest white matter structure in the human brain. The results are discussed in light of previous studies and of future implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Fabri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Nicoletta Foschi
- Neurological Clinic, Epilepsy Centre, Ancona University Hospital Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Polonara
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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26
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Three-dimensional anatomy of the anterior commissure: A tractography and anatomical study. World Neurosurg 2021; 159:e365-e374. [PMID: 34952222 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The anterior commissure (AC) is one of the main commissural fibers of the brain. Commissural fibers are involved in bilateral integration and coordination of any normal brain activity. The AC is an important interhemispheric structure which forms a bidirectional communication channel between the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes bilaterally. In this article, we focus on describing the morphology, relations, and distribution of the AC through diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) DSI-based fiber tracking. Tractographies were compared with gross anatomical dissection of the anterior commissure of adult's brains. Our study suggests that the AC found by tracking methods is bigger in comparison to the one found by dissection. In summary, the tractography added extensions to the main AC structure.
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27
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Özköse ZG, Bestel A, Acar D. A case of corpus callosum dysplasia with different development of the corpus callosum in the right and left brain hemispheres. Neurocase 2021; 27:477-480. [PMID: 34978270 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2021.2017979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC) is a thick band of nerve fibers that divides the cerebral cortex lobes into the left and right hemispheres. Prenatal diagnosis of corpus callosum agenesis (partial/total) has been described frequently in the literature. In this case report, a case of corpus callosum dysplasia with different development of the halves of the corpus callosum in the right and left brain hemispheres, which was not previously discussed in the literature, will be described. Whenever we have any doubts about CC, axial, coronal, and sagittal scans of the fetal brain should be performed with TVUSG (transvaginal ultrasonography) or TAUSG (transabdominal ultrasonography) according to the position of the fetal head, and both length and thickness should be measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Gedik Özköse
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Bestel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Acar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cortical Activation in Mental Rotation and the Role of the Corpus Callosum: Observations in Healthy Subjects and Split-Brain Patients. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mental rotation (MR) is an abstract mental operation thanks to which a person imagines rotating an object or a body part to place it in an other position. The ability to perform MR was belived to belong to the right hemisphere for objects, and to the left for one’s ownbody images. Mental rotation is considered to be basic for imitation with the anatomical perspective, which in turn is needed for social interactions and learning. Altered imitative performances have been reported in patients with resections or microstructure alterations of the corpus callosum (CC). These patients also display a reduced MR ability compared to control subjects, as shown in a recent behavioral study. The difference was statistically significant, leading us to hypothesize a role of the CC to integrate the two hemispheres’ asymmetric functions. The present study was designed to detect, by means of a functional MRI, the cortical activation evoked during an MR task in healthy control subjects and callosotomized patients. The results suggest that performing MR requires activation of opercular cortex and inferior parietal lobule in either hemispheres, and likely the integrity of the CC, thus confirming that the main brain commissure is involved in cognitive functions.
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Velagapudi L, Matias CM, Ambrose TM, Sperling MR, Nei M, Wu C, Sharan AD. Alternate Seizure Spread with Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum. J Epilepsy Res 2021; 11:100-105. [PMID: 34395230 PMCID: PMC8357560 DOI: 10.14581/jer.21014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Agenesis of the corpus callosum is a brain malformation that can occur in isolation or in conjunction with other congenital or developmental defects. The clinical sequelae of this condition include epilepsy, cognitive deficits, developmental delay, and various neurological and psychiatric disorders. Here we present the case of a patient with congenital complete agenesis of the corpus callosum and medically refractory epilepsy who underwent stereoelectroencephalography. This identified a left frontal ictal focus and revealed that contralateral spread occurred though the anterior commissure, a rare and interesting occurrence. Left frontal resection resulted in significant improvement. This demonstrates the role of the anterior commissure in ictal spread and the potential for novel methods of seizure spread in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy that must be considered in a surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lohit Velagapudi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Caio M Matias
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy M Ambrose
- Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael R Sperling
- Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maromi Nei
- Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chengyuan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ashwini D Sharan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Loomba N, Beckerson ME, Ammons CJ, Maximo JO, Kana RK. Corpus callosum size and homotopic connectivity in Autism spectrum disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 313:111301. [PMID: 34022542 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
By examining how morphology of the corpus callosum (CC) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may affect functional communication across hemispheres, we hope to provide new insights into the structure-function relationship in the brain. We used a sample of 94 participants from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) database (55 typically-developing (TD) and 39 with ASD). The CC was segmented into five sub-regions (anterior, mid-anterior, central, mid-posterior, posterior) using FreeSurfer software, which were further examined for group differences. The total volume and specific sub-region volumes of the CC, and interhemispheric (homotopic) functional connectivity were calculated, along with the relationship between volume and connectivity. These measures were correlated with social ability assessed by the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). The central sub-region of CC was significantly smaller in ASD, although there was no group difference in total CC volume. ASD participants also showed stronger homotopic connectivity in the superior frontal gyrus. SRS scores were negatively correlated with the CC central sub-region volumes in ASD. The findings of this study add to the body of research showing morphological differences in the CC in ASD as well as connectivity differences. The absence of a significant relationship between structure and homotopic functional connectivity aligns with previous findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Loomba
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Meagan E Beckerson
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States; Center for Innovative Research in Autism, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Carla J Ammons
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jose O Maximo
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavior Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Rajesh K Kana
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States; Center for Innovative Research in Autism, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States.
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Paules C, Miranda J, Policiano C, Crovetto F, Youssef L, Hahner N, Nakaki A, Crispi F, Gratacós E, Eixarch E. Fetal neurosonography detects differences in cortical development and corpus callosum in late-onset small fetuses. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2021; 58:42-47. [PMID: 33438307 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore whether neurosonography can detect differences in cortical development and corpus callosal length in late-onset small fetuses subclassified into small-for-gestational age (SGA) or growth restricted (FGR). METHODS This was a prospective cohort study in singleton pregnancies, including normally grown fetuses (birth weight between the 10th and 90th centiles) and late-onset small fetuses (estimated fetal weight < 10th centile, diagnosed after 32 weeks of gestation and confirmed by birth weight < 10th centile). Small fetuses were subclassified into SGA (birth weight between the 3rd and 9th centiles and normal fetoplacental Doppler) and FGR (birth weight < 3rd centile and/or abnormal cerebroplacental ratio and/or abnormal uterine artery Doppler). Neurosonography was performed at 33 ± 1 weeks of gestation to assess the depth of the insula, Sylvian fissure and parieto-occipital sulcus in the axial views and corpus callosal length in the midsagittal plane. Measurements were performed offline using Alma Workstation software and were adjusted by biparietal diameter or cephalic index. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between the neurosonographic variables and study group, adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, gestational age at neurosonography, nulliparity and pre-eclampsia. RESULTS In total, 318 fetuses were included, of which 97 were normally grown and 221 were late-onset small fetuses that were further subdivided into late-onset SGA (n = 67) or late-onset FGR (n = 154). Compared to controls, both SGA and FGR cases showed significantly increased insular depth adjusted for biparietal diameter (median (interquartile range), controls 0.329 (0.312-0.342) vs SGA 0.339 (0.321-0.347) vs FGR 0.336 (0.325-0.349); P = 0.006). A linear tendency to reduced Sylvian fissure depth adjusted for biparietal diameter was also observed across the study groups (mean ± SD, controls 0.148 ± 0.021 vs SGA 0.142 ± 0.025 vs FGR 0.139 ± 0.022; P = 0.003). However, differences were significant only between the FGR and control groups. Corpus callosal length adjusted for cephalic index was significantly reduced in FGR cases compared with both controls and SGA cases, while there was no difference between SGA cases and controls (median (interquartile range), controls 0.500 (0.478-0.531) vs SGA 0.502 (0.487-0.526) vs FGR 0.475 (0.447-0.508); P = 0.005). No differences were found in parieto-occipital sulcus depth between the three study groups. CONCLUSION Neurosonography seems to be a sensitive tool to detect subtle structural differences in brain development in late-onset small fetuses. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Paules
- BCNatal - Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragon), Red de Salud Materno Infantil y del Desarrollo (SAMID), RETICS, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación y Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J Miranda
- BCNatal - Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Policiano
- BCNatal - Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetrícia, Ginecologia e Medicina da Reproduçao, Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - F Crovetto
- BCNatal - Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Youssef
- BCNatal - Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Hahner
- BCNatal - Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Nakaki
- BCNatal - Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Crispi
- BCNatal - Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Gratacós
- BCNatal - Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Eixarch
- BCNatal - Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
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Shi M, Freitas LGA, Spencer-Smith MM, Kebets V, Anderson V, McIlroy A, Wood AG, Leventer RJ, Van De Ville D, Siffredi V. Intra- and inter-hemispheric structural connectome in agenesis of the corpus callosum. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 31:102709. [PMID: 34130191 PMCID: PMC8209843 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is a congenital brain malformation characterized by the complete or partial failure to develop the corpus callosum. Despite missing the largest white matter bundle connecting the left and right hemispheres of the brain, studies have shown preserved inter-hemispheric communication in individuals with AgCC. It is likely that plasticity provides mechanisms for the brain to adjust in the context of AgCC, as the malformation disrupts programmed developmental brain processes very early on. A proposed candidate for neuroplastic response in individuals with AgCC is strengthening of intra-hemispheric structural connections. In the present study, we explore this hypothesis using a graph-based approach of the structural connectome, which enables intra- and inter-hemispheric analyses at multiple resolutions and quantification of structural characteristics through graph metrics. Structural graph metrics of 19 children with AgCC (13 with complete, 6 with partial AgCC) were compared to those of 29 typically developing controls (TDC). Associations between structural graph metrics and a wide range of neurobehavioral outcomes were examined using a multivariate data-driven approach (Partial Least Squares Correlation, PLSC). Our results provide new evidence suggesting structural strengthening of intra-hemispheric pathways as a neuroplastic response in the acallosal brain, and highlight regional variability in structural connectivity in children with AgCC compared to TDC. There was little evidence that structural graph properties in children with AgCC were associated with neurobehavioral outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first report leveraging graph theory tools to explicitly characterize whole-brain intra- and inter-hemispheric structural connectivity in AgCC, opening avenues for future research on neuroplastic responses in AgCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Shi
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lorena G A Freitas
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Megan M Spencer-Smith
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Valeria Kebets
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Clinical Imaging Research Centre, N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Neuroscience Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Psychology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alissandra McIlroy
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda G Wood
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Life and Health Sciences Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Melbourne Burwood Campus, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J Leventer
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Neuroscience Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Siffredi
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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33
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Siffredi V, Preti MG, Obertino S, Leventer RJ, Wood AG, McIlroy A, Anderson V, Spencer-Smith MM, Van De Ville D. Revisiting brain rewiring and plasticity in children born without corpus callosum. Dev Sci 2021; 24:e13126. [PMID: 34060677 PMCID: PMC8596429 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The corpus callosum is the largest white matter pathway connecting homologous structures of the two cerebral hemispheres. Remarkably, children and adults with developmental absence of the corpus callosum (callosal dysgenesis, CD) show typical interhemispheric integration, which is classically impaired in adult split-brain patients, for whom the corpus callosum is surgically severed. Tovar-Moll and colleagues (2014) proposed alternative neural pathways involved in the preservation of interhemispheric transfer. In a sample of six adults with CD, they revealed two homotopic bundles crossing the midline via the anterior and posterior commissures and connecting parietal cortices, and the microstructural properties of these aberrant bundles were associated with functional connectivity of these regions. The aberrant bundles were specific to CD and not visualised in healthy brains. We extended this study in a developmental cohort of 20 children with CD and 29 typically developing controls (TDC). The two anomalous white-matter bundles were visualised using tractography. Associations between structural properties of these bundles and their regional functional connectivity were explored. The proposed atypical bundles were observed in 30% of our CD cohort crossing via the anterior commissure, and in 30% crossing via the posterior commissure (also observed in 6.9% of TDC). However, the structural property measures of these bundles were not associated with parietal functional connectivity, bringing into question their role and implication for interhemispheric functional connectivity in CD. It is possible that very early disruption of embryological callosal development enhances neuroplasticity and facilitates the formation of these proposed alternative neural pathways, but further evidence is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Siffredi
- Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria G Preti
- Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Obertino
- Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Richard J Leventer
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Neuroscience Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda G Wood
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Life and Health Sciences & Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Melbourne Burwood Campus, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alissandra McIlroy
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Neuroscience Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Psychology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Megan M Spencer-Smith
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
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34
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Chang JC, Chao YC, Chang HS, Wu YL, Chang HJ, Lin YS, Cheng WL, Lin TT, Liu CS. Intranasal delivery of mitochondria for treatment of Parkinson's Disease model rats lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10597. [PMID: 34011937 PMCID: PMC8136477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90094-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The feasibility of delivering mitochondria intranasally so as to bypass the blood-brain barrier in treating Parkinson's disease (PD), was evaluated in unilaterally 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. Intranasal infusion of allogeneic mitochondria conjugated with Pep-1 (P-Mito) or unconjugated (Mito) was performed once a week on the ipsilateral sides of lesioned brains for three months. A significant improvement of rotational and locomotor behaviors in PD rats was observed in both mitochondrial groups, compared to sham or Pep-1-only groups. Dopaminergic (DA) neuron survival and recovery > 60% occurred in lesions of the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum in Mito and P-Mito rats. The treatment effect was stronger in the P-Mito group than the Mito group, but the difference was insignificant. This recovery was associated with restoration of mitochondrial function and attenuation of oxidative damage in lesioned SN. Notably, P-Mito suppressed plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines. Mitochondria penetrated the accessory olfactory bulb and doublecortin-positive neurons of the rostral migratory stream (RMS) on the ipsilateral sides of lesions and were expressed in striatal, but not SN DA neurons, of both cerebral hemispheres, evidently via commissural fibers. This study shows promise for intranasal delivery of mitochondria, confirming mitochondrial internalization and migration via RMS neurons in the olfactory bulb for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Chih Chang
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50094, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chun Chao
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50094, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Shin Chang
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50094, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Wu
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50094, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Chang
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50094, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Shiou Lin
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50094, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Cheng
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50094, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Tsung Lin
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50094, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50094, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50094, Taiwan.
- School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.
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35
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Paul LK, Pazienza SR, Brown WS. Alexithymia and Somatization in Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:1071-1078. [PMID: 33973635 PMCID: PMC8483281 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficient communication between the cerebral hemispheres is one of several prevailing neurobiological explanations for alexithymia and has been strongly supported by research on patients with commissurotomy. We examined self-reported symptoms of alexithymia in adults with agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC), a condition characterized by more subtle reductions in interhemispheric transfer than in commissurotomy. 16 adults with AgCC and FSIQ > 80 were compared with 15 age- and IQ-matched neurotypical controls. The AgCC group endorsed greater difficulty identifying and describing feelings and more vague physical symptoms than controls, but similar levels of emotional experience and emotional coping. This finding of impaired emotional interpretation with intact emotional experience is consistent with findings in callosotomy patients, implicating the critical role of the corpus callosum in cognitive dimensions of emotion processing. Further study of alexithymia in AgCC using task-based measures may help clarify the nature of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn K Paul
- Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.,Fuller Graduate School of Psychology, Travis Research Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA.,International Research Consortium for the Corpus Callosum and Cerebral Connectivity (IRC5), Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | - Warren S Brown
- Fuller Graduate School of Psychology, Travis Research Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA.,International Research Consortium for the Corpus Callosum and Cerebral Connectivity (IRC5), Pasadena, CA, USA
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36
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Alamri A, Aljadhai YI, Alrashed A, Alfheed B, Abdelmoaty R, Alenazi S, Alhashim A, Benini R. Identifying Clinical Clues in Children With Global Developmental Delay / Intellectual Disability With Abnormal Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). J Child Neurol 2021; 36:432-439. [PMID: 33295251 DOI: 10.1177/0883073820977330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Global developmental delay / intellectual disability are common pediatric conditions. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), although an important diagnostic tool in the evaluation of these patients, often requires general anesthesia. Recent literature suggests that unnecessary general anesthesia exposure should be avoided in early years because of possible long-term negative neurodevelopmental sequelae. This study sought to identify clinical clues associated with brain MRI abnormalities in children with global developmental delay / intellectual disability in an attempt to provide guidance to physicians on selecting patients who would benefit from an MRI. Retrospective chart review analysis was conducted for patients presenting to a pediatric neurology tertiary care center between 2014 and 2017 for a first clinic evaluation for global developmental delay / intellectual disability. Detailed clinical history and physical examination findings were analyzed and correlated with brain MRI findings. The majority (218/327, 67%) of children referred for evaluation of global developmental delay / intellectual disability underwent complete clinical and radiologic evaluations. Mean age was 37.9 months (±32.5 standard deviation) and 116 were males (53%). Motor deficits were predominant in most subjects (122/218, 56%). Abnormal MRI findings were observed in 153 children (70%), with the most prevalent abnormalities noted within the white matter (104/153, 68%), corpus callosum (77/153, 50%), and the hippocampus (50/153, 33%). Abnormal MRI findings were prevalent in children with predominant motor delay (84, 69%) and cognitive disability (3, 100%) as well as those with visual and hearing impairment (P < .05). The presence of facial dysmorphisms (57/71, P = .02); cranial nerve abnormalities (79/100; P = .007) and abnormal reflexes (16, P = .01) on examination also correlated significantly with increased MRI abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alamri
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, 48102Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaser I Aljadhai
- Department of Neuroimaging and Intervention, Medical Imaging Administration, 37849King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alrashed
- Department of Neuroimaging and Intervention, Medical Imaging Administration, 37849King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Alfheed
- Department of Neuroimaging and Intervention, Medical Imaging Administration, 37849King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roba Abdelmoaty
- Pediatric Neurology Department, National Neuroscience Institute, 37849King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shoaa Alenazi
- Pediatric Neurology Department, National Neuroscience Institute, 37849King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqeela Alhashim
- Pediatric Neurology Department, National Neuroscience Institute, 37849King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruba Benini
- Pediatric Neurology Division, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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Bartholmot C, Cabet S, Massoud M, Massardier J, Fichez A, Des Portes V, Guibaud L. Prenatal Imaging Features and Postnatal Outcome of Short Corpus Callosum: A Series of 42 Cases. Fetal Diagn Ther 2021; 48:217-226. [PMID: 33684914 DOI: 10.1159/000512953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our goal was to provide a better understanding of isolated short corpus callosum (SCC) regarding prenatal diagnosis and postnatal outcome. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed prenatal and postnatal imaging, clinical, and biological data from 42 cases with isolated SCC. RESULTS Prenatal imaging showed SCC in all cases (n = 42). SCC was limited to rostrum and/or genu and/or splenium in 21 cases, involved body in 16 cases, and was more extensive in 5 cases. Indirect imaging features included typical buffalo horn ventricles (n = 14), septal dysmorphism (n = 14), parallel lateral ventricles (n = 12), and ventriculomegaly (n = 4), as well as atypical features in 5 cases. SCC was associated with interhemispheric cysts and pericallosal lipomas in 3 and 6 cases, respectively. Aneuploidy was found in 2 cases. Normal psychomotor development, mild developmental disorders, and global developmental delay were found in 70, 15, and 15% of our cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS SCC should be investigated to look for pericallosal lipoma and typical versus atypical indirect features of corpus callosum agenesis (CCA). Prenatal counselling should be guided by imaging as well as clinical and genetic context. Outcome of patients with SCC was similar to the one presenting with complete CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bartholmot
- Centre Pluridisciplinaire de Diagnostic Prénatal, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France.,Centre Pluridisciplinaire de Diagnostic Prénatal, Montpellier, France
| | - Sara Cabet
- Centre Pluridisciplinaire de Diagnostic Prénatal, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France.,Imagerie pédiatrique et fœtale, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France
| | - Mona Massoud
- Centre Pluridisciplinaire de Diagnostic Prénatal, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France
| | - Jérôme Massardier
- Centre Pluridisciplinaire de Diagnostic Prénatal, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France
| | - Axel Fichez
- Centre Pluridisciplinaire de Diagnostic Prénatal, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Des Portes
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France
| | - Laurent Guibaud
- Centre Pluridisciplinaire de Diagnostic Prénatal, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France, .,Imagerie pédiatrique et fœtale, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France,
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38
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Zhou J, Lin Y, Huynh T, Noguchi H, Bush JO, Pleasure SJ. NMDA receptors control development of somatosensory callosal axonal projections. eLife 2021; 10:59612. [PMID: 33661095 PMCID: PMC7959694 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Callosal projections from primary somatosensory cortex (S1) are key for processing somatosensory inputs and integrating sensory-motor information. How the callosal innervation pattern in S1 is formed during early postnatal development is not clear. We found that the normal termination pattern of these callosal projections is disrupted in cortex specific NMDAR mutants. Rather than projecting selectively to the primary/secondary somatosensory cortex (S1/S2) border, axons were uniformly distributed throughout S1. In addition, the density of this projection increased over postnatal life until the mice died by P30. By combining genetic and antibody-mediated loss of function, we demonstrated that it is GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors in target S1 that mediate this guidance phenotype, thus playing a central role in interhemispheric connectivity. Furthermore, we found that this function of NMDA receptors in callosal circuit formation is independent of ion channel function and works with the EPHRIN-B/EPHB system. Thus, NMDAR in target S1 cortex regulates the formation callosal circuits perhaps by modulating EPH-dependent repulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Trung Huynh
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Hirofumi Noguchi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jeffrey O Bush
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Program in Craniofacial Biology and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Samuel J Pleasure
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Programs in Neuroscience and Developmental Stem Cell Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, San Francisco, United States
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39
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Huynh-Le MP, Tibbs MD, Karunamuni R, Salans M, Tringale KR, Yip A, Connor M, Simon AB, Vitzthum LK, Reyes A, Macari AC, Moiseenko V, McDonald CR, Hattangadi-Gluth JA. Microstructural Injury to Corpus Callosum and Intrahemispheric White Matter Tracts Correlate With Attention and Processing Speed Decline After Brain Radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 110:337-347. [PMID: 33412257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The corpus callosum (CC) and intrahemispheric white matter tracts (IHWM) subserve critical aspects of attention and processing speed. We analyzed imaging biomarkers of microstructural injury within these regions and association with attention and processing speed performance before and after radiation therapy in primary brain tumor patients. METHODS AND MATERIALS In a prospective clinical trial, 44 primary brain tumor patients underwent cognitive testing and magnetic resonance imaging/diffusion-weighted imaging at baseline (pre-radiation therapy) and 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-radiation therapy. CC (subregions, total) and IHWM tracts (left/right without CC, total) were autosegmented; tumor, tumor bed, and edema were censored. Biomarkers included volume changes (cm3), mean diffusivity ([MD]; higher values indicate white matter injury), fractional anisotropy ([FA]; lower values indicate white matter injury). Reliable-change indices measured changes in attention (Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale [WAIS-IV] digits-forward; Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Trail Making [D-KEFS-TM] visual-scanning), and processing speed (WAIS-IV coding; D-KEFS-TM number-sequencing, letter-sequencing), accounting for practice effects. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated associations between mean radiation dose and biomarkers (volume, MD, FA) and imaging biomarkers and neurocognitive performance. Statistics were corrected for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Processing speed declined at 6 months following radiation therapy (number sequencing, letter sequencing; P < .04). Seizures and antiepileptic drug therapy were associated with lower visual-scanning attention reliable-change indices at 6 months (P = .039). Higher radiation dose correlated with smaller midanterior CC volume (P = .023); lower FA in posterior CC, anterior CC, and total CC (all P < .03); and higher MD in anterior CC (P = .012). Smaller midanterior CC and left IHWM volume correlated with worse processing speed (coding, letter-sequencing, number-sequencing; all P < .03). Higher FA in right, left, and total IHWM correlated with better coding scores (all P < .01). Lower FA in total IHWM (P = .009) was associated with worse visual-scanning attention scores. Higher FA in midposterior CC (P = .029) correlated with better digits-forward attention scores. CONCLUSIONS The CC demonstrated radiation dose-dependent atrophy and WM injury. Microstructural injury within the CC and IHWM was associated with attention and processing speed decline after radiation therapy. These areas represent possible avoidance regions for preservation of attention and processing speed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle D Tibbs
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Roshan Karunamuni
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Mia Salans
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kathryn R Tringale
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anthony Yip
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Michael Connor
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Aaron B Simon
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lucas K Vitzthum
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Anny Reyes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Anna Christina Macari
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Vitali Moiseenko
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Carrie R McDonald
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jona A Hattangadi-Gluth
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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40
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Ku RY, Torii M. New Molecular Players in the Development of Callosal Projections. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010029. [PMID: 33375263 PMCID: PMC7824101 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical development in humans is a long and ongoing process that continuously modifies the neural circuitry into adolescence. This is well represented by the dynamic maturation of the corpus callosum, the largest white matter tract in the brain. Callosal projection neurons whose long-range axons form the main component of the corpus callosum are evolved relatively recently with a substantial, disproportionate increase in numbers in humans. Though the anatomy of the corpus callosum and cellular processes in its development have been intensively studied by experts in a variety of fields over several decades, the whole picture of its development, in particular, the molecular controls over the development of callosal projections, still has many missing pieces. This review highlights the most recent progress on the understanding of corpus callosum formation with a special emphasis on the novel molecular players in the development of axonal projections in the corpus callosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Yueh Ku
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Masaaki Torii
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Correspondence:
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41
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Szczupak D, Yen CC, Liu C, Tian X, Lent R, Tovar-Moll F, Silva AC. Dynamic Interhemispheric Desynchronization in Marmosets and Humans With Disorders of the Corpus Callosum. Front Neural Circuits 2020; 14:612595. [PMID: 33408615 PMCID: PMC7779638 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2020.612595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus callosum, the principal structural avenue for interhemispheric neuronal communication, controls the brain's lateralization. Developmental malformations of the corpus callosum (CCD) can lead to learning and intellectual disabilities. Currently, there is no clear explanation for these symptoms. Here, we used resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) to evaluate the dynamic resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in both the cingulate cortex (CG) and the sensory areas (S1, S2, A1) in three marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) with spontaneous CCD. We also performed rsfMRI in 10 CCD human subjects (six hypoplasic and four agenesic). We observed no differences in the strength of rsFC between homotopic CG and sensory areas in both species when comparing them to healthy controls. However, in CCD marmosets, we found lower strength of quasi-periodic patterns (QPP) correlation in the posterior interhemispheric sensory areas. We also found a significant lag of interhemispheric communication in the medial CG, suggesting asynchrony between the two hemispheres. Correspondingly, in human subjects, we found that the CG of acallosal subjects had a higher QPP correlation than controls. In comparison, hypoplasic subjects had a lower QPP correlation and a delay of 1.6 s in the sensory regions. These results show that CCD affects the interhemispheric synchrony of both CG and sensory areas and that, in both species, its impact on cortical communication varies along the CC development gradient. Our study shines a light on how CCD misconnects homotopic regions and opens a line of research to explain the causes of the symptoms exhibited by CCD patients and how to mitigate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Szczupak
- Department of Neurobiology, University Pittsburgh Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Cerebral Microcirculation Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Cecil C Yen
- Cerebral Microcirculation Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Cirong Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, University Pittsburgh Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Cerebral Microcirculation Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoguang Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, University Pittsburgh Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Cerebral Microcirculation Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Roberto Lent
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tovar-Moll
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afonso C Silva
- Department of Neurobiology, University Pittsburgh Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Cerebral Microcirculation Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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42
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Çavdar S, Aydın AE, Algın O, Aydın S. The Complex Structure of the Anterior White Commissure of the Human Brain: Fiber Dissection and Tractography Study. World Neurosurg 2020; 147:e111-e117. [PMID: 33290898 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.11.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Commissural fibers are necessary for bilateral integration, body coordination, and complex cognitive information flow between the hemispheres. The anterior commissure (AC) has a complex architecture interconnecting areas of the frontal, temporal and occipital lobes. The present study aims to demonstrate the connections and the course of the anterior (ACa) and posterior (ACp) limb of the AC using fiber dissection and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the human brain. METHODS Fiber dissection was performed in a stepwise manner from lateral to medial on 6 left hemispheres. The gray matter was decorticated and the ACa-ACp was exposed. The ACa and ACp tracts were demonstrated using a high-spatial-resolution DTI with a 3T magnetic resonance unit in 13 cases. RESULTS Using both techniques showed that the AC has complex interconnections with large areas of the frontal (olfactory tubercles, anterior olfactory nucleus, olfactory bulb, and the orbital gyri), temporal (amygdaloidal nuclei, temporal and perirhinal cortex), and occipital (visual cortex) lobes. The ACp makes up the major component of the AC and is composed of temporal and occipital fibers. We observed that these fibers do not make a distinct bundle; the temporal fibers joined the uncinate fasciculus and the occipital fibers joined the sagittal striatum to reach their targets. CONCLUSIONS Being aware of the course of the AC is important during transcallosal and interforniceal approaches to the third ventricle tumors and temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. The intermingling fibers of the AC can provide a better understanding of the unexplained deficit that may occur during regional surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiye Çavdar
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayşegül Esen Aydın
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oktay Algın
- Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Radiology Department, City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; National MR Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seçkin Aydın
- Department of Neurosurgery, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kosaraju J, Seegobin M, Gouveia A, Syal C, Sarma SN, Lu KJ, Ilin J, He L, Wondisford FE, Lagace D, De Repentigny Y, Kothary R, Wang J. Metformin promotes CNS remyelination and improves social interaction following focal demyelination through CBP Ser436 phosphorylation. Exp Neurol 2020; 334:113454. [PMID: 32877653 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with demyelinating diseases often experience difficulties during social interactions that are not well studied in preclinical models. Here, we describe a novel juvenile focal corpus callosum demyelination murine model exhibiting a social interaction deficit. Using this preclinical murine demyelination model, we discover that application of metformin, an FDA-approved drug, in this model promotes oligodendrocyte regeneration and remyelination and improves the social interaction. This beneficial effect of metformin acts through stimulating Ser436 phosphorylation in CBP, a histone acetyltransferase. In addition, we found that metformin acts through two distinct molecular pathways to enhance oligodendrocyte precursor (OPC) proliferation and differentiation, respectively. Metformin enhances OPC proliferation through early-stage autophagy inhibition, while metformin promotes OPC differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes through activating CBP Ser436 phosphorylation. In summary, we identify that metformin is a promising remyelinating agent to improve juvenile demyelination-associated social interaction deficits by promoting oligodendrocyte regeneration and remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayasankar Kosaraju
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Matthew Seegobin
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Ayden Gouveia
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Charvi Syal
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Sailendra Nath Sarma
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Kevin Jiaqi Lu
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Julius Ilin
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Fredric E Wondisford
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Diane Lagace
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Yves De Repentigny
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Rashmi Kothary
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jing Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada.
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44
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O'Shaughnessy KL, Gilbert ME. Thyroid disrupting chemicals and developmental neurotoxicity - New tools and approaches to evaluate hormone action. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110663. [PMID: 31760043 PMCID: PMC8270644 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
It is well documented that thyroid hormone (TH) action is critical for normal brain development and is mediated by both nuclear and extranuclear pathways. Given this dependence, the impact of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals that interfere with thyroid signaling is a major concern with direct implications for children's health. However, identifying thyroid disrupting chemicals in vivo is primarily reliant on serum thyroxine (T4) measurements within greater developmental and reproductive toxicity assessments. These studies do not examine known TH-dependent phenotypes in parallel, which complicates chemical evaluation. Additionally, there exist no recommendations regarding what degree of serum T4 dysfunction is adverse, and little consideration is given to quantifying TH action within the developing brain. This review summarizes current testing strategies in rodent models and discusses new approaches for evaluating the developmental neurotoxicity of thyroid disrupting chemicals. This includes assays to identify adverse cellular effects of the brain by both immunohistochemistry and gene expression, which would compliment serum T4 measures. While additional experiments are needed to test the full utility of these approaches, incorporation of these cellular and molecular assays could enhance chemical evaluation in the regulatory arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L O'Shaughnessy
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Toxicity Assessment Division, Endocrine Toxicology Branch, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA.
| | - Mary E Gilbert
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Toxicity Assessment Division, Endocrine Toxicology Branch, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA.
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45
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Siffredi V, Preti MG, Kebets V, Obertino S, Leventer RJ, McIlroy A, Wood AG, Anderson V, Spencer-Smith MM, Van De Ville D. Structural Neuroplastic Responses Preserve Functional Connectivity and Neurobehavioural Outcomes in Children Born Without Corpus Callosum. Cereb Cortex 2020; 31:1227-1239. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The corpus callosum is the largest white matter pathway in the brain connecting the two hemispheres. In the context of developmental absence (agenesis) of the corpus callosum (AgCC), a proposed candidate for neuroplastic response is strengthening of intrahemispheric pathways. To test this hypothesis, we assessed structural and functional connectivity in a uniquely large cohort of children with AgCC (n = 20) compared with typically developing controls (TDC, n = 29), and then examined associations with neurobehavioral outcomes using a multivariate data-driven approach (partial least squares correlation, PLSC). For structural connectivity, children with AgCC showed a significant increase in intrahemispheric connectivity in addition to a significant decrease in interhemispheric connectivity compared with TDC, in line with the aforementioned hypothesis. In contrast, for functional connectivity, children with AgCC and TDC showed a similar pattern of intrahemispheric and interhemispheric connectivity. In conclusion, we observed structural strengthening of intrahemispheric pathways in children born without corpus callosum, which seems to allow for functional connectivity comparable to a typically developing brain, and were relevant to explain neurobehavioral outcomes in this population. This neuroplasticity might be relevant to other disorders of axonal guidance, and developmental disorders in which corpus callosum alteration is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Siffredi
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland
| | - Maria G Preti
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Kebets
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clinical Imaging Research Centre, N.1 Institute for Health and Memory Networks Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Silvia Obertino
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland
| | - Richard J Leventer
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Neuroscience Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Alissandra McIlroy
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Amanda G Wood
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- School of Life and Health Sciences & Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Melbourne Burwood Campus, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Neuroscience Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Megan M Spencer-Smith
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland
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De León Reyes NS, Bragg-Gonzalo L, Nieto M. Development and plasticity of the corpus callosum. Development 2020; 147:147/18/dev189738. [PMID: 32988974 DOI: 10.1242/dev.189738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC) connects the cerebral hemispheres and is the major mammalian commissural tract. It facilitates bilateral sensory integration and higher cognitive functions, and is often affected in neurodevelopmental diseases. Here, we review the mechanisms that contribute to the development of CC circuits in animal models and humans. These species comparisons reveal several commonalities. First, there is an early period of massive axonal projection. Second, there is a postnatal temporal window, varying between species, in which early callosal projections are selectively refined. Third, sensory-derived activity influences axonal refinement. We also discuss how defects in CC formation can lead to mild or severe CC congenital malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia S De León Reyes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, (CNB-CSIC) Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Bragg-Gonzalo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, (CNB-CSIC) Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Nieto
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, (CNB-CSIC) Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Bardin R, Leibovitz Z, Mashiach R, Ben-Sira L, Salman L. Short and thick corpus callosum - the thin border between a minor anatomical variant to very poor outcome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:3305-3308. [PMID: 32962467 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1818208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest commissure connecting the cerebral hemispheres. Its components are recognized sonographically at 18-20 GW and from that point forward, its growth can be assessed using nomograms for CC length and thickness according to gestational week. Prenatal diagnosis of agenesis of the CC has been reported comprehensively. On the contrary, information regarding findings as short or thick CC is very rare. Is short CC an expression of callosal dysgenesis or could it be a variant of the normal development when all its parts exist? We discuss this issue through this case report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Bardin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zvika Leibovitz
- Fetal Neurology Clinic- Ultrasound in ObGyn, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Reuven Mashiach
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liat Ben-Sira
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Dana Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lina Salman
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Yuan J, Song X, Kuan E, Wang S, Zuo L, Ongur D, Hu W, Du F. The structural basis for interhemispheric functional connectivity: Evidence from individuals with agenesis of the corpus callosum. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 28:102425. [PMID: 32979843 PMCID: PMC7519397 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AgCC showed impaired global structural, but intact functional network properties. AgCC showed increased intrahemispheric structural connectivity. AgCC showed markedly reduced interhemispheric homotopic FC. The VMHC was correlated with the number and quality of fibers crossing the CC. Brain areas with more fiber connections tended to build higher FC with each other.
Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is a rare congenital malformation characterized by partial or complete absence of the corpus callosum (CC). The effects of AgCC on cerebral structural and functional networks are not clear. We aimed to utilize AgCC as a model to characterize the relationship between brain structure and function. Diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state fMRI data were collected from nine AgCC and ten healthy subjects. The interhemispheric functional connectivity (FC) was quantified using a voxel-mirrored-homotopic-connectivity (VMHC) method, and its correlation with the number (FN) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the fibers crossing the CC was calculated. Graph-based network analyses of structural and functional topologic properties were performed. AgCC subjects showed markedly reduced VMHC compared to controls. VMHC was significantly correlated with the FN and FA of the fibers crossing the CC. Structural network analyses revealed impaired global properties, but intact local properties in AgCC compared to controls. Functional network analyses showed no significant difference in network properties between the groups. Finally, in both groups, brain areas with more fiber connections were more likely to build a positive FC with each other, while areas with decreased white matter connections were more likely to result in negative FC. Our observations demonstrate that interhemispheric FC is highly dependent on CC structure. Increased alternative intrahemispheric SC might be a compensatory mechanism in AgCC that helps to maintain normal global brain function. Our study provides insights into the underlying neurological pathophysiology of brain malformations, thereby helping to elucidate the structure–function relationship of normal human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junliang Yuan
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 02478, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaopeng Song
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 02478, United States; Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, 02478, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Elliot Kuan
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, 02478, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Shuangkun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Long Zuo
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Dost Ongur
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, 02478, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Wenli Hu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
| | - Fei Du
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 02478, United States; Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, 02478, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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Brown WS, Panos A, Paul LK. Attention, impulsivity, and vigilance in agenesis of the corpus callosum. Neuropsychology 2020; 34:2020-52229-001. [PMID: 32700934 PMCID: PMC7989585 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Questions regarding the role of the corpus callosum in attention are raised by the reports of attention problems in some persons with agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC), as well as by abnormalities in callosal size in persons with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder. The current study assessed inattention, impulsivity, and vigilance in individuals with AgCC. METHOD These domains of attention were assessed using the Conners' Continuous Performance Test II in 18 older adolescents and adults (ages 16-52) with complete AgCC and normal intelligence (full scale intelligence quotient > 80). Scores were converted to T scores using age-specific norms and assessed for departure from the normative sample. RESULTS Scores were significantly elevated in older adolescents with AgCC for errors of commission (p = .050, d = 0.55) and detectability (p = .03, d = 0.58). Older adolescents were worse than adults for commissions (p = .06, ηp² = .201) and detectability (p = .03, ηp² = .273). Also, male individuals had significantly higher (worse) scores than did female in vigilance (p = .01, ηp² = .337). CONCLUSION These results suggest moderate levels of difficulties in sustained attention in AgCC, particularly in maintaining response inhibition and in vigilance, that are modulated by age and sex. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Mental Rotation Ability: Right or Left Hemisphere Competence? What We Can Learn from Callosotomized and Psychotic Patients. Symmetry (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/sym12071137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental rotation is an abstract operation whereby a person imagines rotating an object or a body part to place it in a different position. The ability to perform mental rotation was attributed to right hemisphere for objects, to the left for one’s own body images. Mental rotation seems to be basic for imitation in anatomical mode. Previous studies showed that control subjects, callosotomized and psychotic patients chose the mirror-mode when imitating without instructions; when asked to use the same or opposite limb as the model, controls chose the anatomical mode, callosotomized patients mainly used mirror mode, psychotic patients were in between. The preference of callosotomized subjects is likely due to defective mental rotation, because of the lack of the corpus callosum (CC), thus suggesting an asymmetry in the hemispheric competence for mental rotation. Present research investigated the mental rotation ability in control subjects, callosotomized and psychotic patients. All subjects were shown pictures of a model, in first or third person perspective, with a cup in her right or left hand. They had to indicate which model’s hand held the cup, by answering with a verbal or motor modality in separate experimental sessions. In both sessions, control subjects produced 99% of correct responses, callosotomy patients 62%, and psychotic patients 91%. The difference was statistically significant, suggesting a role of the CC in the integration of the two hemispheres’ asymmetric functions in mental rotation.
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