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Lopez C, David-Briand E, Mériadec C, Bourgaux C, Pérez J, Artzner F. Milk sphingosomes as lipid carriers for α-tocopherol in aqueous foods: thermotropic phase behaviour and morphology. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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2
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Structuring and De-Structuring of Nanovectors from Algal Lipids: Simulated Digestion, Preliminary Antioxidant Capacity and In Vitro Tests. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091847. [PMID: 36145594 PMCID: PMC9500752 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible nanocarriers can be obtained by lipid extraction from natural sources such as algal biomasses, which accumulate different lipid classes depending on the employed culture media. Lipid aggregates can be distinguished according to supramolecular architecture into lamellar and nonlamellar structures. This distinction is mainly influenced by the lipid class and molecular packing parameter, which determine the possible values of interfacial curvature and thus the supramolecular symmetries that can be obtained. The nanosystems prepared from bio-sources are able to self-assemble into different compartmentalized structures due to their complex composition. They also present the advantage of increased carrier-target biocompatibility and are suitable to encapsulate and vehiculate poorly water-soluble compounds, e.g., natural antioxidants. Their functional properties stem from the interplay of several parameters. Following previous work, here the functionality of two series of structurally distinct lipid nanocarriers, namely liposomes and cubosomes deriving from algal biomasses with different lipid composition, is characterized. In the view of their possible use as pharmaceutical or nutraceutical formulations, both types of nanovectors were loaded with three well-known antioxidants, i.e., curcumin, α-tocopherol and piperine, and their carrier efficacy was compared considering their different structures. Firstly, carrier stability in biorelevant conditions was assessed by simulating a gastrointestinal tract model. Then, by using an integrated chemical and pharmacological approach, the functionality in terms of encapsulation efficiency, cargo bioaccessibility and kinetics of antioxidant capacity by UV-Visible spectroscopy was evaluated. Subsequently, in vitro cytotoxicity and viability tests after administration to model cell lines were performed. As a consequence of this investigation, it is possible to conclude that nanovectors from algal lipids, i.e., cubosomes and liposomes, can be efficient delivery agents for lipophilic antioxidants, being able to preserve and enhance their activity toward different targets while promoting sustained release.
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Study of Stability, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activity of Chios Mastic Gum Fractions (Neutral, Acidic) after Encapsulation in Liposomes. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030271. [PMID: 35159423 PMCID: PMC8834444 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastic gum is a resinous sap produced by Pistacia lentiscus growing in the island of Chios (Greece) and has been recognized since Antiquity for its distinctive aroma as well as medical properties (antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory ones). The oral absorption of Chios Mastic gum (an insoluble polymer of poly-β-myrcene is among the most abundant contents) is poor due to its low water-solubility. We report in this study, two different Chios mastic gum extracts, the acidic mastic gum extract—AMGE—and the neutral one—NMGE, both prepared after removal of the contained polymer in order to ameliorate solubility and enhance in vivo activity. Liposomes are presented as a promising delivery system due to their physicochemical and biophysical properties to increase stability and absorption efficiency of the mastic gum extracts within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability in GI simulated conditions together with cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of the two extracts (AMGE and NMGE) after encapsulation in a well characterized liposome formulation. Liposomes-AMGE complex showed an improved stability behavior in GI simulated conditions. Both assayed extracts showed significant dose dependent inhibition against the growth of liver cancer HepG2 cells and an interesting antimicrobial activity against several microorganisms. Conclusively, encapsulation could be evaluated as a beneficial procedure for further applications of mastic resin.
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Ribeiro AM, Estevinho BN, Rocha F. The progress and application of vitamin E encapsulation – A review. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Kerdpol K, Nutho B, Krusong K, Poo-arporn RP, Rungrotmongkol T, Hannongbua S. Encapsulation of α-tocopherol in large-ring cyclodextrin containing 26 α-D-glucopyranose units: A molecular dynamics study. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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Lipids from algal biomass provide new (nonlamellar) nanovectors with high carrier potentiality for natural antioxidants. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 158:410-416. [PMID: 33271303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipid mesophases are lyotropic liquid crystalline systems which differ from liposomes and other globular aggregates in dilute regimes due to their inner ordering. It is known that natural lipids enable to obtain a rich variety of nanosystems and many of them have been proposed as delivery agents for bioactive compounds. Due to their packing parameters, several classes of lipids found in natural sources are able to self-assemble into nonlamellar structures. Among lipids occurring in plants and algae, triglycerides display this tendency. In the present study we examine new nanosystems built with lipids extracted from the marine microalga Nannochloropsis sp and their use as carriers for lipophilic antioxidants. The antioxidants studied, curcumin and tocopherol were encapsulated with high rate in the carriers. The physico-chemical characterization of plain and loaded vectors showed their structure and localization site, as well as the structure-functionality relationship related to potential drug delivery. The results show that the cargo molecules play an active role in driving the interactions which characterize the overall structure of the aggregates. The systems studied showed several coexisting mesophases, the most predominant structure being of cubic symmetry.
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Hassane Hamadou A, Huang WC, Xue C, Mao X. Comparison of β-carotene loaded marine and egg phospholipids nanoliposomes. J FOOD ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Ghaleshahi AZ, Rajabzadeh G, Ezzatpanah H. Influence of Sodium Alginate and Genipin on Stability of Chitosome Containing Perilla Oil in Model and Real Drink. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201900358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atefah Zamani Ghaleshahi
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyScience and Research BranchIslamic Azad University Tehran 1477893855 Iran
| | - Ghadir Rajabzadeh
- Department of NanotechnologyResearch Institute of Food Science and Technology Mashhad 9185176933 Iran
| | - Hamid Ezzatpanah
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyScience and Research BranchIslamic Azad University Tehran 1477893855 Iran
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9
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Formulation of vitamin C encapsulation in marine phospholipids nanoliposomes: Characterization and stability evaluation during long term storage. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Boban Z, Puljas A, Kovač D, Subczynski WK, Raguz M. Effect of Electrical Parameters and Cholesterol Concentration on Giant Unilamellar Vesicles Electroformation. Cell Biochem Biophys 2020; 78:157-164. [PMID: 32319021 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-020-00910-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are used extensively as models that mimic cell membranes. The cholesterol (Chol) content in the fiber cell plasma membranes of the eye lens is extremely high, exceeding the solubility threshold in the lenses of old humans. Thus, a methodological paper pertaining to preparations of model lipid bilayer membranes with high Chol content would significantly help the study of properties of these membranes. Lipid solutions containing 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and Chol were fluorescently labeled with phospholipid analog 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiIC18(3)) and spin-coated to produce thin lipid films. GUVs were formed from these films using the electroformation method and the results were obtained using fluorescent microscopy. Electroformation outcomes were examined for different electrical parameters and different Chol concentrations. A wide range of field frequency-field strength (ff-fs) combinations was explored: 10-10,000 Hz and 0.625-9.375 V/mm peak-to-peak. Optimal values for GUVs preparation were found to be 10-100 Hz and 1.25-6.25 V/mm, with largest vesicles occurring for 10 Hz and 3.75 V/mm. Chol:POPC mixing ratios (expressed as a molar ratio) ranged from 0 to 3.5. We show that increasing the Chol concentration decreases the GUVs size, but this effect can be reduced by choosing the appropriate ff-fs combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvonimir Boban
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.,University of Split, Faculty of Science, Doctoral study of Biophysics, Split, Croatia
| | - Ana Puljas
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Kovač
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | | | - Marija Raguz
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.
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11
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Cao C, Xu L, Xie P, Hu J, Qi J, Zhou Y, Cao L. The characterization and evaluation of the synthesis of large-ring cyclodextrins (CD 9-CD 22) and α-tocopherol with enhanced thermal stability. RSC Adv 2020; 10:6584-6591. [PMID: 35495982 PMCID: PMC9049713 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10748g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-ring cyclodextrins LR-CDs (CD9–CD22) were obtained from rice starch using cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase), and were used as a wall material for embedding α-tocopherol. Complexes of α-tocopherol and LR-CDs were prepared by co-precipitation. A molar ratio of α-tocopherol/LR-CD of 1 : 2 showed the highest encapsulation efficiency. The surface morphology of the complex particles was observed to vary from irregular flakes to the formation of smaller clusters of particles using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on 1H NMR and FT-IR observations, the inclusion complexes exhibited significant chemical shifts of 0.3 ppm and decreased peak signals. In addition, thermal analysis showed that the microcapsules improved the thermostability of the α-tocopherols. Antioxidant activity analysis proved the stability of α-tocopherol during storage. This study could serve as a reference for the more effective use of LR-CDs as wall materials. Large-ring cyclodextrins LR-CDs (CD9–CD22) were obtained from rice starch using cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase), and were used as a wall material for embedding α-tocopherol.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Cao
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University Hefei 230036 China .,Anhui Vocational College of Grain Engineering Hefei 230011 China
| | - Li Xu
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University Hefei 230036 China
| | - Peng Xie
- Nanjing University of Finance and Economics China
| | - Jinwei Hu
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University Hefei 230036 China
| | - Jun Qi
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University Hefei 230036 China
| | - Yibin Zhou
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University Hefei 230036 China
| | - Lei Cao
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences China
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12
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Datta LP, Manchineella S, Govindaraju T. Biomolecules-derived biomaterials. Biomaterials 2020; 230:119633. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Pedro S, Dietz R, Sonne C, Rosing-Asvid A, Hansen M, McKinney MA. Are vitamins A and E associated with persistent organic pollutants and fatty acids in the blubber of highly contaminated killer whales (Orcinus orca) from Greenland? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 177:108602. [PMID: 31398560 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We quantified blubber concentrations of vitamins A (retinol) and E (α-tocopherol) and evaluated associations with persistent organic pollutants (ΣPOPs) in 14 highly-contaminated killer whales (Orcinus orca) sampled in Greenland from 2012 to 2014. We considered the influence of blubber depth, sex/age class and diet (based on biomass % of major fatty acids) in these relationships. Blubber concentrations of vitamin A averaged 34.1 ± 4.7 μg g-1 wet weight (ww) and vitamin E averaged 35.6 ± 4.4 μg g-1 ww. Although overall vitamin A concentrations did not vary between inner (closer to the muscle) and outer (closer to the skin) blubber layer or between sub-adults and adult females, concentrations in the outer layer of sub-adults were lower compared to the outer layer of adult females (p = 0.03). Outer layer may therefore reflect age accumulation of vitamin A, while in the more active inner layer, age effects might be masked by metabolic needs such as lactation. Neither diet nor ΣPOPs affected vitamin A variation, suggesting this vitamin is highly regulated in the body. Given the high exposures in these killer whales, vitamin A might not be a sensitive biomarker for POPs adverse effects. Vitamin E concentrations were significantly higher in inner compared to outer layer (p < 0.001), likely associated with blubber composition, suggesting that biopsies may not fully represent vitamin E concentrations in blubber. Age-accumulation of vitamin E also occurred with higher concentrations in adult females compared to sub-adults, independent of blubber depth (p < 0.01). Diet, ΣPOPs, and an interaction between these two variables significantly affected vitamin E variation in inner blubber, explaining 91% of this variation. The negative relationship between ΣPOPs (especially Σdichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and Σchlordanes in outer layers) and vitamin E was observed only in killer whales with a diet poorer in polyunsaturated fatty acids, suggested that killer whales feeding more consistently on marine mammals in Arctic environments over a fish-based diet, may be at higher risk of POP-induced disruption in vitamin E homeostasis. Considering diet is therefore important to understand the potential effects of elevated contaminant exposures on levels of certain essential nutrients, i.e., vitamin E, in killer whales.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pedro
- Wildlife and Fisheries Conservation Center, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - R Dietz
- Department of Biosciences, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Roskilde, DK-4000, Denmark
| | - C Sonne
- Department of Biosciences, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Roskilde, DK-4000, Denmark
| | - A Rosing-Asvid
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, DK-3900, Greenland
| | - M Hansen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, DK-4000, Denmark
| | - M A McKinney
- Wildlife and Fisheries Conservation Center, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
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14
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Decou R, Bigot S, Hourdin P, Delmail D, Labrousse P. Comparative in vitro/in situ approaches to three biomarker responses of Myriophyllum alterniflorum exposed to metal stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 222:29-37. [PMID: 30685657 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Surface water pollution by trace metal elements constitutes problems for both public and terrestrial/aquatic ecosystem health. Myriophyllum alterniflorum (alternate watermilfoil), an aquatic macrophyte known for bioaccumulating this type of pollutant, is an attractive species for plant biomonitoring within the scope of environmental research. The two metal elements copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) are considered in the present study. Cu is essential for plant development at low concentrations, while very high Cu concentrations are detrimental or even lethal to most plants. On the other hand, Cd is usually toxic even at low concentrations since it adversely affects the physiological plant functions. In order to check whether watermilfoil could be used for the in situ biomonitoring of Cu or Cd pollution in rivers, the plant biomarker sensitivity is first tested during long-term in vitro assays. Three markers specific to oxidative stress (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde and α-tocopherol) are evaluated by varying the pollutant concentration levels. Given the absence of effective correlations between Cu and all biomarkers, the response profiles actually reveal a dependency between Cd concentration and malondialdehyde or α-tocopherol biomarkers. Conversely, preliminary in situ assays performed at 14 different localities demonstrate some clear correlations between all biomarkers and Cu, whereas the scarcity of Cd-contaminated rivers prevents using the statistical data. Consequently, the three indicated biomarkers appear to be effective for purposes of metal exposure analyses; moreover, the in situ approach, although preliminary, proves to be paramount in developing water biomonitoring bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Decou
- University of Limoges, PEIRENE, EA 7500, F-87000 Limoges, France.
| | - Servane Bigot
- University of Limoges, PEIRENE, EA 7500, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Philippe Hourdin
- University of Limoges, PEIRENE, EA 7500, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - David Delmail
- University of Limoges, PEIRENE, EA 7500, F-87000 Limoges, France; University of Rennes 1, UMR 6118 Géosciences, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Labrousse
- University of Limoges, PEIRENE, EA 7500, F-87000 Limoges, France
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15
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16
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Rovoli M, Pappas I, Lalas S, Gortzi O, Kontopidis G. In vitro and in vivo assessment of vitamin A encapsulation in a liposome–protein delivery system. J Liposome Res 2018; 29:142-152. [DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2018.1502314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalini Rovoli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Pappas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Stavros Lalas
- Department of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institution of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Olga Gortzi
- Department of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institution of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | - George Kontopidis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
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17
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Yang Y, Xiao H, McClements DJ. Impact of Lipid Phase on the Bioavailability of Vitamin E in Emulsion-Based Delivery Systems: Relative Importance of Bioaccessibility, Absorption, and Transformation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3946-3955. [PMID: 28447464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A simulated gastrointestinal tract/Caco-2 cell culture model was used to investigate the effects of lipid phase type on vitamin E (VE) bioavailability. Oil-in-water emulsions fortified with α-tocopherol acetate were fabricated using a natural emulsifier (quillaja saponin) and long or medium chain triglycerides (LCTs or MCTs) as lipids. The impact of lipid type on VE bioaccessibility, absorption, and transformation was determined. VE bioaccessibility was greater for LCT (46%) than MCT (19%) due to greater solubilization in mixed micelles assembled from longer fatty acids. VE absorption by Caco-2 cells was similar for LCT (28%) and MCT (30%). The transformation of α-tocopherol acetate to α-tocopherol was higher for LCT (90%) than MCT (75%) due to differences in esterase accessibility to VE. Emulsion-based delivery systems formulated using LCT are therefore more suitable for encapsulating and delivering vitamin E than those formulated using MCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing, 100193, China
- Biopolymers and Colloids Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Hang Xiao
- Biopolymers and Colloids Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - David Julian McClements
- Biopolymers and Colloids Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Sahari MA, Moghimi HR, Hadian Z, Barzegar M, Mohammadi A. Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of α-tocopherol loaded nanoliposome’s containing DHA and EPA. Food Chem 2017; 215:157-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Enhancement of physical stability and bioaccessibility of tangeretin by soy protein isolate addition. Food Chem 2016; 221:760-770. [PMID: 27979270 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Soy protein isolate (SPI) was selected to fabricate supersaturated self-emulsifying nanoemulsions, aiming to enhance physical stability and bioaccessibility of hydrophobic tangeretin. Dissolution studies demonstrated that tangeretin had the highest solubility in Tween 80, followed by oil phase solutions, and polymer solutions. Supersaturated tangeretin in oil phases easily formed crystals. That metastable zone was found to vary with its initial concentrations. After encapsulation by nanoemulsions, the addition of glycerol compressed the retention amount of tangeretin from 76% to 53%, but benefited the transparency. Whereas, the combination of glycerol and SPI could not only maintain high-loading tangeretin (>85%), but also provide high transparency for nanoemulsions. When tangeretin concentration was 4.83mM, combination of 50% glycerol and 1% SPI could maintain around 88% tangeretin in the nanoemulsion within one month. Its bioaccessibility of different systems were at 60-65%. These findings can provide useful information for protein to be a potential precipitation inhibitor.
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Sahari MA, Moghimi HR, Hadian Z, Barzegar M, Mohammadi A. Improved physical stability of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid encapsulated using nanoliposome containing α-tocopherol. Int J Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Sahari
- Department of Food Technology; Faculty of Agriculture; Tarbiat Modares University; P.O. Box 14115-111 Tehran Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Moghimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics; Faculty of Pharmacy; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; P.O. Box 14155-6153 Tehran Iran
| | - Zahra Hadian
- Department of Food Technology; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; P.O. Box 19395-4741 Tehran Iran
| | - Mohsen Barzegar
- Department of Food Technology; Faculty of Agriculture; Tarbiat Modares University; P.O. Box 14115-111 Tehran Iran
| | - Abdoreza Mohammadi
- Department of Food Technology; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; P.O. Box 19395-4741 Tehran Iran
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Hadian Z. A Review of Nanoliposomal Delivery System for Stabilization of Bioactive Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Electron Physician 2016; 8:1776-85. [PMID: 26955449 PMCID: PMC4768928 DOI: 10.19082/1776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, bioactive compounds are required in the design and production of functional foods, with the aim of improving the health status of consumers all around the world. Various epidemiological and clinical studies have demonstrated the salutary role of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 22:6 n−3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:5 n−3) in preventing diseases and reducing mortality from cardiovascular diseases. The unsaturated nature of bioactive lipids leads to susceptibility to oxidation under environmental conditions. Oxidative deterioration of omega-3 fatty acids can cause the reduction in their nutritional quality and sensory properties. Encapsulation of these fatty acids could create a barrier against reaction with harmful environmental factors. Currently, fortification of foods containing bioactive omega-3 fatty acids has found great application in the food industries of different countries. Previous studies have suggested that nano-encapsulation has significant effects on the stability of physical and chemical properties of bioactive compounds. Considering the functional role of omega-3 fatty acids, this study has provided a literature review on applications of nanoliposomal delivery systems for encapsulation of these bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hadian
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS), Tehran, Iran
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23
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Kuttiyawong K, Saehu S, Ito K, Pongsawasdi P. Synthesis of large-ring cyclodextrin from tapioca starch by amylomaltase and complex formation with vitamin E acetate for solubility enhancement. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Lu FSH, Nielsen NS, Baron CP, Jacobsen C. Marine phospholipids: The current understanding of their oxidation mechanisms and potential uses for food fortification. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 57:2057-2070. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.925422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. S. H. Lu
- Division of Industrial Food Research, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - N. S. Nielsen
- Division of Industrial Food Research, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - C. P. Baron
- Division of Industrial Food Research, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - C. Jacobsen
- Division of Industrial Food Research, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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25
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Zamora R, Hidalgo FJ. 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) formation and fate: an example of the coordinate contribution of lipid oxidation and Maillard reaction to the production and elimination of processing-related food toxicants. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15371e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Major chemical reactions dealing with carbonyl chemistry in foods (Maillard reaction and lipid oxidation) play a role in PhIP formation and fate, pointing to this and analogous heterocyclic aromatic amines as outcomes of this chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Zamora
- Instituto de la Grasa
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 41013 Seville
- Spain
| | - Francisco J. Hidalgo
- Instituto de la Grasa
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 41013 Seville
- Spain
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26
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Perspective and potential of oral lipid-based delivery to optimize pharmacological therapies against cardiovascular diseases. J Control Release 2014; 193:174-87. [PMID: 24852093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite the large number of cardiovascular drugs available for pharmacological therapies, factors limiting the efficient oral use are identified, including low water solubility, pre-systemic metabolism, food intake effects and short half-life. Numerous in vivo proof-of-concepts studies are presented to highlight the viability of lipid-based delivery to optimize the oral delivery of cardiovascular drugs. In particular, the key performance enhancement roles of oral lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDSs) are identified, which include i) improving the oral bioavailability, ii) sustaining/controlling drug release, iii) improving drug stability, iv) reducing food intake effect, v) targeting to injured sites, and vi) potential for combination therapy. Mechanisms involved in achieving these features, range of applicability, and limits of available systems are detailed. Future research and development efforts to address these issues are discussed, which is of significant value in directing future research work in fostering translation of lipid-based formulations into clinical applications to reduce the prevalence of CVDs.
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27
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Desforges JPW, Ross PS, Dangerfield N, Palace VP, Whiticar M, Loseto LL. Vitamin A and E profiles as biomarkers of PCB exposure in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the western Canadian Arctic. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 142-143:317-328. [PMID: 24077185 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the utility of vitamin A and E profiles as biomarkers of contaminant exposure in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas; n=66) harvested by the Inuvialuit in the Beaufort Sea. Blubber was an important repository for these vitamins, accounting for 76.8±2.6% of the total body store of vitamin A, and 98.5±0.4% of total vitamin E. While the free alcohol form of vitamin A (retinol) appeared highly regulated, the vitamin A esters were influenced by several biological factors including age, body condition and length. Vitamin E concentrations in liver and blubber were related to age, condition, length and feeding ecology, as described δ(15)N and δ(13)C. Despite the influence of these factors, collective results from univariate statistics, best fit multiple regressions, and principal component analysis (PCA) identified polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as important determinants of vitamin concentrations and profiles in beluga tissues. Blubber PCB concentrations best explained variation of the first principal component in a PCA of hepatic vitamins (r(2)=0.13, p=0.014), and regression models found that vitamin A concentrations were negatively correlated with PCB levels in liver (esters: r(2)=0.19, p=0.001), but positively in plasma (retinol: r(2)=0.20, p=0.06) and blubber (retinol: r(2)=0.22, p=0.001, esters: r(2)=0.43, p<0.001). Our analyses provide a basis to propose an integrated toxicity reference value for disruption of vitamin A and E profiles in beluga of 1.6 mg/kg lw PCBs. This disruption of vitamin profiles by moderate levels of PCBs in an arctic cetacean highlights the global reach and impact of these legacy chemicals decades after their peak use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre W Desforges
- University of Victoria, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 5C2; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute of Ocean Sciences, 9860 West Saanich Road, P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, BC, Canada V8L 4B2
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28
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Rovoli M, Gortzi O, Lalas S, Kontopidis G. β-Lactoglobulin improves liposome’s encapsulation properties for vitamin E delivery. J Liposome Res 2013; 24:74-81. [DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2013.839701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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29
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Yang Y, McClements DJ. Encapsulation of vitamin E in edible emulsions fabricated using a natural surfactant. Food Hydrocoll 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Ribeiro A, Sandez-Macho I, Casas M, Alvarez-Pérez S, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A. Poloxamine micellar solubilization of α-tocopherol for topical ocular treatment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 103:550-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Souto EB, Severino P, Basso R, Santana MHA. Encapsulation of antioxidants in gastrointestinal-resistant nanoparticulate carriers. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1028:37-46. [PMID: 23740112 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-475-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to cause several human pathologies. For this reason, antioxidants have gained utmost importance because of their potential as prophylactic and therapeutic agents in many diseases. Examples of their application include their use in diabetic patients, as aging drugs, in cancer diseases, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, autoimmune disorders, and also in inflammation. Antioxidants have limited absorption profiles, therefore low bioavailability and low concentrations at the target site. Efforts have been done towards loading antioxidant molecules in advanced nanoparticulate carriers, e.g., liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, self-emulsifying drug delivery system. Examples of -successful achievements include the encapsulation of drugs and other active ingredients, e.g., coenzyme Q10, vitamin E and vitamin A, resveratrol and polyphenols, curcumin, lycopene, silymarin, and superoxide dismutase. This review focuses on the comprehensive analysis of using nanoparticulate carriers for loading these molecules for oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana B Souto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal
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32
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Saberi AH, Fang Y, McClements DJ. Fabrication of vitamin E-enriched nanoemulsions: factors affecting particle size using spontaneous emulsification. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 391:95-102. [PMID: 23116862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Oil-in-water nanoemulsions are finding increasing use as delivery systems to encapsulate lipophilic bioactive components in functional food, personal care, and pharmaceutical products. We have investigated the influence of system composition and preparation conditions on the particle size of vitamin E acetate (VE)-loaded nanoemulsions prepared by spontaneous emulsification. This method relies on the formation of very fine oil droplets when an oil/surfactant mixture is added to water. The oil-to-emulsion ratio content was kept constant (10 wt.%) while the surfactant-to-emulsion ratio (%SER) was varied (from 2.5 to 10 wt.%). Oil phase composition (vitamin E to medium chain triglyceride ratio) had a major effect on particle size, with the smallest droplets being formed at 8 wt.% VE and 2 wt.% MCT. Surfactant type also had an appreciable impact on particle size, with TWEEN® 80 giving the smallest droplets from a group of food-grade non-ionic surfactants (TWEEN® 20, 40, 60, 80, and 85). Surfactant-to-emulsion ratio also had to be optimized to produce fine droplets, with the smallest droplets being formed at SER=10 wt.%. Particle size could also be reduced by increasing the temperature and stirring speed used when the oil/surfactant mixture was added to water. By optimizing system composition and homogenization conditions we were able to form VE-loaded nanoemulsions with small mean droplet diameters (d<50 nm) and low polydispersity indexes (PDI<0.13). The spontaneous emulsification method therefore has great potential for forming nanoemulsion-based delivery systems for food, personal care, and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Saberi
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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33
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Delmail D, Buzier R, Simon S, Hourdin P, Botineau M, Labrousse P. HPLC method for the analysis of α-tocopherol from Myriophyllum alterniflorum. Chem Nat Compd 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-011-0033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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34
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Perspectives on the use of marine and freshwater hydrobiont oils for development of drug delivery systems. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 29:548-57. [PMID: 21315143 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Marine foods represent a unique source of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the omega-3 (n-3) family. Today it is generally accepted that fish oil is important in a healthy and balanced omnivorous human diet. This favorable health perception of fish oil is however troubled by the high level of PUFA oxidation and low absorption in the gastro-intestinal tract. In this work we present and described various types of delivery systems which are used to improve PUFA and fish oil availability and oxidative stability.
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35
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Zhang Y, Li X, Zhou Y, Fan Y, Wang X, Huang Y, Liu Y. Cyclosporin A-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(d,l-lactic acid) micelles: preparation, in vitro and in vivo characterization and transport mechanism across the intestinal barrier. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:1169-82. [PMID: 20540526 DOI: 10.1021/mp100033k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To improve the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble cyclosporin A (CyA), polymeric micelles based on monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(d,l-lactic acid) (mPEG-PLA) were prepared. In vitro release test showed that the cumulative release percentage, about 85%, of CyA from polymeric micelles within 24 h was comparable to that from Sandimmun Neoral, the currently available oral formulation of CyA. A relative oral bioavailability of 137% in rats compared with Sandimmun Neoral was demonstrated for CyA-loaded polymeric micelles. The other aim of the current work was to study the transport mechanism of mPEG-PLA micelles across the intestinal barrier. It was found that polymeric micelles could significantly increase the permeability of CyA across Caco-2 monolayers without significantly affecting transepithelial electrical resistance values, and the apparent permeation coefficient (P(app)) of CyA was significantly higher in the AP-BL direction compared to that in the BL-AP direction, suggesting that polymeric micelles might undergo an active AP to BL transport that probably involved endocytosis which was confirmed by confocal microscope observation. The permeation of CyA through Caco-2 monolayers showed that the P(app) was significantly increased when CyA was formulated with the copolymer below its critical association concentration (CAC) and no significant difference was found above its CAC, implying that mPEG-PLA monomers affected the intestinal P-gp efflux pumps. Therefore, the mPEG-PLA micelles seemed to be a good candidate for oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Teaching Experiment Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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36
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Lu FSH, Nielsen NS, Timm-Heinrich M, Jacobsen C. Oxidative stability of marine phospholipids in the liposomal form and their applications. Lipids 2010; 46:3-23. [PMID: 21088919 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-010-3496-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Marine phospholipids (MPL) have attracted a great deal of attention recently as they are considered to have a better bioavailability, a better resistance towards oxidation and a higher content of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) than oily triglycerides (fish oil) from the same source. Due to their tight intermolecular packing conformation at the sn-2 position and their synergism with α-tocopherol present in MPL extracts, they can form stable liposomes which are attractive ingredients for food or feed applications. However, MPL are still susceptible to oxidation as they contain large amounts polyunsaturated fatty acids and application of MPL in food and aquaculture industries is therefore a great challenge for researchers. Hence, knowledge on the oxidative stability of MPL and the behavior of MPL in food and feed systems is an important issue. For this reason, this review was undertaken to provide the industry and academia with an overview of (1) the stability of MPL in different forms and their potential as liposomal material, and (2) the current applications and future prospects of MPL in both food and aquaculture industries with special emphasis on MPL in the liposomal form.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Henna Lu
- Division of Seafood Research, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
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37
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Cansell M. Marine phospholipids as dietary carriers of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/lite.201000057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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38
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Politano TJ, Froude VE, Jing B, Zhu Y. AC-electric field dependent electroformation of giant lipid vesicles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 79:75-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Revised: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Kweon S, Lee HJ, Hyung WJ, Suh J, Lim JS, Lim SJ. Liposomes Coloaded with Iopamidol/Lipiodol as a RES-Targeted Contrast Agent for Computed Tomography Imaging. Pharm Res 2010; 27:1408-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0135-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Kirkegaard M, Sonne C, Jakobsen J, Jenssen BM, Letcher RJ, Dietz R. Organohalogens in a whale-blubber-supplemented diet affects hepatic retinol and renal tocopherol concentrations in greenland sled dogs (Canis familiaris). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2010; 73:773-786. [PMID: 20391120 DOI: 10.1080/15287391003689192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the plasma, liver, and kidney status of vitamin A (retinol) and vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) in two groups of Greenland sled dogs (Canis familiaris), with a total number of 16 bitches and 8 pups. The dogs were fed either minke whale (Balaenoptera acuterostrata) blubber (exposed dogs) or uncontaminated (control group) porcine fat for up to 12 to 21 mo of age. The daily intake of 50-200 g whale blubber (mean: 112 g) constituted between 10.4 and 11.7 microg/kg body weight summation operatororganohalogen contaminants (OHC) (or between 4.6 and 6.1 microg/kg body weight summation operatorpolychlorinated biphenyls [PCB]). Retinol was approximately 18% and alpha-tocopherol 22% higher in the diet of the exposed dogs compared to controls. In adipose tissue, mean of SigmaOHC was 92 ng/g lipid weight (lw) and 5005 ng/g lw for all control (n = 12) and exposed dogs (n = 10), respectively. Hepatic retinol correlated negatively with Sigma-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (SigmaDDT) and and Sigma-polybrominated diphenyl ethers (SigmaPBDE) for all exposed animals. A negative correlation between kidney alpha-tocopherol and SigmaPCB concentrations was observed, whereas two positive significant correlations were observed between kidney retinol and Sigma-chlordane-related compounds (SigmaCHL) and dieldrin concentrations. Hepatic alpha-tocopherol concentrations were significantly lower in exposed compared to controls, most likely due to a combination by OHC exposure and high dietary intake of unsaturated fatty acids. These results suggest that dietary exposure from OHC may, even at low concentrations, possibly affect retinol and alpha-tocopherol status in Arctic top predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Kirkegaard
- Research Unit of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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41
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Cansell MS, Battin A, Degrace P, Gresti J, Clouet P, Combe N. Early dissimilar fates of liver eicosapentaenoic acid in rats fed liposomes or fish oil and gene expression related to lipid metabolism. Lipids 2009; 44:237-47. [PMID: 19156456 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-008-3279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The study was undertaken to determine whether eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3), esterified in phospholipids (PL) as liposomes or in triglycerides (TG) as oil, exhibited comparable fates in liver lipids and whether these fates were associated with gene expressions related to fatty acid (FA) metabolism. PL and TG mixtures with close contents in EPA and DHA were administered to rats over 2 weeks. Most relevant events occurred after 3 days for both treatments. At that time, liposomes, compared with oil, increased the liver content in PL with a FA composition enriched in n-6 FA, comparable in DHA and much lower in EPA. Moreover, liposomes increased the activity and mRNA levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) I. In contrast, fish oil exerted opposite effects on CPT I and increased the genic expression of lipogenic enzymes. Liposomes, unlike fish oil, apparently increased the mRNA levels of acyl-CoA oxidase and the activity of the peroxisomal FA-oxidising system. Concomitantly, mRNA levels of hepatic lipoprotein receptors were increased with both diets, but intracellular proteins involved in free FA uptake and lipid synthesis were up-regulated only with liposome-treated rats. The quasi absence of EPA in hepatic PL of liposome-treated rats on the short term could result from increased beta-oxidation activities through metabolic regulations induced by more available free EPA and other PUFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Sabine Cansell
- Laboratoire TREFLE UMR 8508, ISTAB, Université Bordeaux 1, Talence Cedex, France.
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42
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Mozuraityte R, Rustad T, Storrø I. The role of iron in peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in liposomes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:537-543. [PMID: 18095645 DOI: 10.1021/jf0716073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated iron-catalyzed lipid oxidation in marine phospholipid liposomes. Oxygen consumption was used as a method to study lipid oxidation at pH 5.5 and 30 degrees C. The relationship between consumed oxygen and amount of peroxides (PV) and thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) formed showed that both Fe2+ and Fe3+ catalyzed lipid oxidation. When Fe2+ was added to liposomes at a concentration of approximately 10 microM, an initial drop in dissolved oxygen (oxygen uptake rate >258 microM/min), followed by a slower linear oxygen uptake (oxygen uptake rate 4-6 microM/min), was observed. Addition of Fe3+ induced only the linear oxygen uptake. The initial fast drop in dissolved oxygen was due to oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ by preexisting lipid peroxides (rate 79 microM Fe2+/min). Fe3+ is reduced by peroxides to Fe2+ at a slow rate (0.25 microM Fe3+/min at 30 degrees C) in a pseudo-first-order reaction. The redox cycling between Fe2+ and Fe3+ leads to an equilibrium between Fe2+ and Fe3+ resulting in a linear oxygen uptake. During the linear oxygen uptake, the interaction of Fe (3+) with lipid peroxide is the rate-limiting factor. Both alkoxy and peroxy radicals are formed by breakdown of peroxides by Fe2+ and Fe3+. These radicals react with fatty acids giving lipid radicals reacting with oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revilija Mozuraityte
- Department of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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43
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Vitamin A and E tissue distribution with comparisons to organochlorine concentrations in the serum, blubber and liver of the bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2007; 148:454-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2007.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2007] [Revised: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 07/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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44
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Dwiecki K, Górnas P, Wilk A, Nogala-Kałucka M, Polewski K. Spectroscopic studies of D-alpha-tocopherol concentration-induced transformation in egg phosphatidylcholine vesicles. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2006; 12:51-69. [PMID: 17124545 PMCID: PMC6275860 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-006-0059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2006] [Accepted: 08/09/2006] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of embedding up to 60 mol% of α-tocopherol (α-Toc) on the morphology and structure of the egg phosphatidylcholine (PC) membrane were studied using spectroscopic techniques. The resulting vesicles were subjected to turbidometric and dynamic light scattering measurements to evaluate their size distribution. The α-Toc intrinsic fluorescence and its quenching was used to estimate the tocopherol position in the membrane. Optical microscopy was used to visualize morphological changes in the vesicles during the inclusion of tocopherol into the 2 mg/ml PC membrane. The incorporation of up to 15 mol% of tocopherol molecules into PC vesicles is accompanied by a linear increase in the fluorescence intensity and the simultaneous formation of larger, multilamellar vesicles. Increasing the tocopherol concentration above 20 mol% induced structural and morphological changes leading to the disappearance of micrometer-sized vesicles and the formation of small unilamellar vesicles of size ranging from 30 to 120 nm, mixed micelles and non-lamellar structures.
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45
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Cansell M, Moussaoui N, Petit AP, Denizot A, Combe N. Feeding rats with liposomes or fish oil differently affects their lipid metabolism. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200500337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Francis MF, Cristea M, Yang Y, Winnik FM. Engineering polysaccharide-based polymeric micelles to enhance permeability of cyclosporin A across Caco-2 cells. Pharm Res 2005; 22:209-19. [PMID: 15783068 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-004-1188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess and compare the effectiveness of two types of polysaccharide-based micelles as delivery vehicles for poorly water soluble drugs by monitoring their permeability across Caco-2 cell monolayers. METHODS Dextran (DEX) and hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) were hydrophobically modified (HM) by grafting polyoxyethylene cetyl ether (POE-C16, 15 mol% and 5.4 mol%, respectively). The onset of micellization and mean diameter of polymeric micelles formed by HM-DEX and HM-HPC were determined by fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering, respectively. Cyclosporin A (CsA)-loaded polymeric micelles were prepared by a dialysis procedure, and the amount of incorporated CsA was assayed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The stability of micelles in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids was studied as a function of contact time, and their cytotoxicity toward Caco-2 cells was evaluated using the MTT colorimetric assay. The bidirectional transport across Caco-2 cell monolayers of CsA entrapped in HM-DEX and HM-HPC micelles and of the polymers themselves was evaluated in the presence and absence of P-glycoprotein inhibitor. RESULTS The amount of CsA incorporated in HM-HPC and HM-DEX micelles reached 5.5 and 8.5% w/w, respectively (entrapment efficiency of 22% or more). The polymeric micelles exhibited high stability in gastric and intestinal fluids and no significant cytotoxicity toward Caco-2 cells. The apical to basal permeability of CsA across Caco-2 cells increased significantly when loaded in polymeric micelles compared to free CsA. CONCLUSIONS Polysaccharide-based polymeric micelles are promising carriers for the oral delivery of poorly water soluble drugs. In vitro tests indicate that, overall, HM-HPC micelles are more effective compared to HM-DEX micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira F Francis
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.
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Estes DJ, Mayer M. Electroformation of giant liposomes from spin-coated films of lipids. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2005; 42:115-23. [PMID: 15833662 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2005.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2004] [Accepted: 01/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes spin-coating of solutions of lipids and using the resulting thin films for electroformation of giant liposomes. Spin-coating made it possible to generate uniform films of lipids with controllable thickness over large surfaces (>25 cm(2)) of indium tin oxide. Establishing a range of thicknesses optimal for electroformation (25-50 nm), we demonstrate formation of giant liposomes from lipids (such as asolectin, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylglycerol) that do not readily form giant liposomes from traditional, droplet-derived films. We compared liposomes from a spin-coated film of lipids to liposomes formed from traditional droplet-derived films and found that spin-coated films produced larger (by factor of 2-5) and more abundant liposomes than droplet-derived films of lipids. Electroformation from spin-coated, homogenous lipid films of optimal thickness provided a reproducible way to obtain liposomes with diameters that are predominantly larger than 30 microm over the entire surface of formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Estes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Abstract
Medical treatment has been shifted to being more prophylactic as a recent trend. Postgenomic research has unveiled the fact that nutritional intervention has been strongly associated with genetic expressions, which are responsible for a variety of biological functions. Based on these findings, the prophylactic effects of dietary supplement and nutrient have been enthusiastically investigated. Preventing or retarding the onset of diseases has become a more attractive and cost effective strategy in the medical arena. Among other approaches to prevent diseases, antioxidants, which are found in many phytochemicals, have received much attention. However, most natural antioxidants such as alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and others are biologically unstable, poorly soluble in water, and poorly distributed to target sites. Because of these shortcomings further prophylactic applications of dietary supplements have stagnated. This is partially due to a lack of basic awareness of drug delivery system for dietary supplements and nutrients. In this article, we strongly advocate serious consideration of the bioavailability of dietary supplements. Currently, there are some challenging works to improve their bioavailability using delivery systems such as liposomal formulations. We will discuss the target molecules of dietary supplements for prevention of diseases and also introduce the pioneering works of delivery systems for dietary supplements to promote their therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Shoji
- Department of Microbiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan.
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Abstract
Liposomes made from an extract of natural marine lipids and containing a high n-3 PUFA lipid ratio were envisaged as oral route vectors for FA supplements in order to increase PUFA bioavailability. The absorption of FA in thoracic lymph duct-cannulated rats, after intragastric feeding of dietary fats in the form of liposomes or fish oil, was compared. Lipid and FA analyses were also performed on feces. Five mole percent alpha-tocopherol was added to fish oil and incorporated into the liposome membrane. The influence of alpha-tocopherol on FA lymph recovery was also investigated. In vivo, FA absorption in rats was favored by liposomes (98 +/- 1%) compared to fish oil (73 +/- 6%). In the same way, the DHA proportion in lymph was higher after liposome ingestion (78%) than after fish oil ingestion (47%). However, phospholipid (PL) concentration in lymph was not affected by the kind of dietary fat ingested, suggesting a PL regulation due to de novo TAG synthesis. The influence of the intramolecular distribution of n-3 PUFA in dietary lipids (TAG and PL) on the intramolecular FA distribution in TAG of chylomicrons was also investigated. The results obtained showed that the distribution of n-3 PUFA esterified on the sn-2 position of chylomicron TAG depended on the lipid source administered. All these results correlated, at least partly, with in vitro liposome behavior under conditions that mimic those of the gastrointestinal tract. As a whole, this study pointed out that marine PL may constitute an attractive material for the development of liposomes as oral PUFA supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Cansell
- Institut des Sciences et Techniques des Aliments de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Signalisation Cellulaire, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France.
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Moussaoui N, Cansell M, Denizot A. Marinosomes, marine lipid-based liposomes: physical characterization and potential application in cosmetics. Int J Pharm 2002; 242:361-5. [PMID: 12176280 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Marinosomes are liposomes based on a natural marine lipid extract containing a high polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio. They were prepared and characterized in conditions that mimic that of topical application in terms of pH, temperature and calcium. Marinosomes were stable in storage conditions for 1 month. At low pH (pH 4) or in presence of high calcium concentrations (9 mM), complex structural rearrangements, such as aggregation and size reduction, occurred which were kinetically dependant.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Moussaoui
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Signalisation Cellulaire, ISTAB, Université Bordeaux I, Avenue des Facultés, F-33405 Cedex, Talence, France
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