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Lin X, Dong L, Miao Q, Huang Z, Wang F. Cycloheptylprodigiosin from marine bacterium Spartinivicinus ruber MCCC 1K03745 T induces a novel form of cell death characterized by Golgi disruption and enhanced secretion of cathepsin D in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 974:176608. [PMID: 38663542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Prodiginines have been studied extensively for their anticancer activity, however, the majority of the research has focused on prodigiosin. In this study, cycloheptylprodigiosin (S-1) is extracted from marine bacterium Spartinivicinus ruber MCCC 1K03745T, and its anticancer property was investigated. It exhibits remarkable cytotoxicity against a panel of human lung cancer cell lines, with the IC50 values ranging from 84.89 nM to 661.2 nM. After 6 h of treatment, S-1 gradually accumulates on mitochondria and lysosomes. While lower doses of S-1 induce cell cycle arrest, treatment with higher doses results in cell death in apoptotic independent manner in both NCI-H1299 and NCI-H460 cell lines. Interestingly, treatment with S-1 leads to the accumulation of LC3B-II via pathways that vary among different cell lines. In addition to its role as an autophagy inhibitor, S-1 also promotes autophagy initiation as demonstrated by the increment of EGFP fragment in the EGFP-LC3 degradation assay, however, inhibition of autophagy does not rescue cells from death induced by S-1. Mechanistically, S-1 impairs autophagic flux through disrupting acidic lysosomal pH and blocking the maturation of cathepsin D. Moreover, treatment with S-1 enhanced secretion of both pro- and mature forms of cathepsin D, coincident with disintegration of trans-Golgi network. Interestingly, S-1 does not induce ferroptosis, pyroptosis or necroptosis in NCI-H1299 cells. However, treatment of NCI-H460 cells with S-1 induces methuosis, which can be suppressed by Rac1 inhibitor EHT 1864. Our data demonstrate that S-1 is an effective anticancer agent with potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosi Lin
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China; College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
| | - Le Dong
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China; College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Qing Miao
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Zhaobin Huang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China; College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China; College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
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Lang Y, Huang H, Jiang H, Wu S, Chen Y, Xu B, Liu Y, Zhu D, Zheng X, Chen L, Jiang J. TIGIT Blockade Reshapes the Tumor Microenvironment Based on the Single-cell RNA-Sequencing Analysis. J Immunother 2024; 47:172-181. [PMID: 38545758 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
SUMMARY Immune checkpoint blockade therapy is a pivotal approach in treating malignant tumors. TIGIT has emerged as a focal point of interest among the diverse targets for tumor immunotherapy. Nonetheless, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the immune microenvironment alterations following TIGIT blockade treatment. To bridge this knowledge gap, we performed single-cell sequencing on mice both before and after the administration of anti-TIGIT therapy. Our analysis revealed that TIGIT was predominantly expressed on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. The blockade of TIGIT exhibited inhibitory effects on Treg cells by downregulating the expression of Foxp3 and reducing the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines. In addition, TIGIT blockade facilitated the activation of NK cells, leading to an increase in cell numbers, and promoted cDC1 maturation through the secretion of XCL1 and Flt3L. This activation, in turn, stimulated the TCR signaling of CD8 + T cells, thereby enhancing their antitumor effect. Consequently, anti-TIGIT therapy demonstrated substantial potential for cancer immunotherapy. Our research provided novel insights into future therapeutic strategies targeting TIGIT for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Lang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
| | - Shaoxian Wu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
| | - Yaping Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
| | - Yingting Liu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Zhu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Changzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Raskova Kafkova L, Mierzwicka JM, Chakraborty P, Jakubec P, Fischer O, Skarda J, Maly P, Raska M. NSCLC: from tumorigenesis, immune checkpoint misuse to current and future targeted therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1342086. [PMID: 38384472 PMCID: PMC10879685 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is largely promoted by a multistep tumorigenesis process involving various genetic and epigenetic alterations, which essentially contribute to the high incidence of mortality among patients with NSCLC. Clinical observations revealed that NSCLC also co-opts a multifaceted immune checkpoint dysregulation as an important driving factor in NSCLC progression and development. For example, a deregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has been noticed in 50-70% of NSCLC cases, primarily modulated by mutations in key oncogenes such as ALK, EGFR, KRAS, and others. Additionally, genetic association studies containing patient-specific factors and local reimbursement criteria expose/reveal mutations in EGFR/ALK/ROS/BRAF/KRAS/PD-L1 proteins to determine the suitability of available immunotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Thus, the expression of such checkpoints on tumors and immune cells is pivotal in understanding the therapeutic efficacy and has been extensively studied for NSCLC treatments. Therefore, this review summarizes current knowledge in NSCLC tumorigenesis, focusing on its genetic and epigenetic intricacies, immune checkpoint dysregulation, and the evolving landscape of targeted therapies. In the context of current and future therapies, we emphasize the significance of antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 interactions as the primary therapeutic strategy for immune system reactivation in NSCLC. Other approaches involving the promising potential of nanobodies, probodies, affibodies, and DARPINs targeting immune checkpoints are also described; these are under active research or clinical trials to mediate immune regulation and reduce cancer progression. This comprehensive review underscores the multifaceted nature, current state and future directions of NSCLC research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona Raskova Kafkova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Joanna M. Mierzwicka
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Prosenjit Chakraborty
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Petr Jakubec
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Fischer
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jozef Skarda
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Petr Maly
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Milan Raska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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Quagliariello V, Passariello M, Bisceglia I, Paccone A, Inno A, Maurea C, Rapuano Lembo R, Manna L, Iovine M, Canale ML, Scherillo M, Ascierto PA, Gabrielli D, De Lorenzo C, Maurea N. Combinatorial immune checkpoint blockade increases myocardial expression of NLRP-3 and secretion of H-FABP, NT-Pro-BNP, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6: biochemical implications in cardio-immuno-oncology. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1232269. [PMID: 38322766 PMCID: PMC10844473 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1232269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint blockade in monotherapy or combinatorial regimens with chemotherapy or radiotherapy have become an integral part of oncology in recent years. Monoclonal antibodies against CTLA-4 or PD-1 or PDL-1 are the most studied ICIs in randomized clinical trials, however, more recently, an anti-LAG3 (Lymphocyte activation gene-3) antibody, Relatlimab, has been approved by FDA in combination with Nivolumab for metastatic melanoma therapy. Moreover, Atezolizumab is actually under study in association with Ipilimumab for therapy of metastatic lung cancer. Myocarditis, vasculitis and endothelitis are rarely observed in these patients on monotherapy, however new combination therapies could expose patients to more adverse cardiovascular events. Methods Human cardiomyocytes co-cultured with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (hPBMCs) were exposed to monotherapy and combinatorial ICIs (PD-L1 and CTLA-4 or PD-1 and LAG-3 blocking agents, at 100 nM) for 48 h. After treatments, cardiac cell lysis and secretion of biomarkers of cardiotoxicity (H-FABP, troponin-T, BNP, NT-Pro-BNP), NLRP3-inflammasome and Interleukin 1 and 6 were determined through colorimetric and enzymatic assays. Mitochondrial functions were studied in cardiomyocyte cell lysates through quantification of intracellular Ca++, ATP content and NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S1 (Ndufs1) levels. Histone deacetylases type 4 (HDAC-4) protein levels were also determined in cardiomyocyte cell lysates to study potential epigenetic changes induced by immunotherapy regimens. Results Both combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors exert more potent cardiotoxic side effects compared to monotherapies against human cardiac cells co-cultured with human lymphocytes. LDH release from cardiac cells was 43% higher in PD-L1/CTLA-4 blocking agents, and 35.7% higher in PD-1/LAG-3 blocking agents compared to monotherapies. HDAC4 and intracellular Ca++ levels were increased, instead ATP content and Ndufs1 were reduced in myocardial cell lysates (p < 0.001 vs. untreated cells). Troponin-T, BNP, NT-Pro-BNP and H-FABP, were also strongly increased in combination therapy compared to monotherapy regimen. NLRP3 expression, IL-6 and IL-1β levels were also increased by PDL-1/CTLA-4 and PD-1/LAG-3 combined blocking agents compared to untreated cells and monotherapies. Conclusions Data of the present study, although in vitro, indicate that combinatorial immune checkpoint blockade, induce a pro- inflammatory phenotype, thus indicating that these therapies should be closely monitored by the multidisciplinary team consisting of oncologists, cardiologists and immunologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Quagliariello
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - M. Passariello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - I. Bisceglia
- Servizi Cardiologici Integrati, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Paccone
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - A. Inno
- Medical Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy
| | - C. Maurea
- Medical Oncology, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy
| | - R. Rapuano Lembo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - L. Manna
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - M. Iovine
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - M. L. Canale
- U.O.C. Cardiologia, Ospedale Versilia, Lido di Camaiore (LU), Camaiore, Italy
| | - M. Scherillo
- Cardiologia Interventistica e UTIC, A.O. San Pio, Presidio Ospedaliero Gaetano Rummo, Benevento, Italy
| | - P. A. Ascierto
- Melanoma Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - D. Gabrielli
- U.O.C. Cardiologia, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini, Roma – Fondazione per il Tuo Cuore – Heart Care Foundation, Firenze, Italy
| | - C. De Lorenzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - N. Maurea
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
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Zhai S, Li X, Lin T. Obese Mouse Fat Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles Transport miR-99a-5p to Mitigate the Proliferation and Migration of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:214-226. [PMID: 36927435 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230316103604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fat cells-derived extracellular vesicles (FC-EVs) play a role in regulating the tumor microenvironment in cancers by transporting RNAs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are vital regulators of cancer development. This study was conducted to explore the role of FC-EVs in the proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, providing targets for NSCLC treatment. METHODS The obese mouse model was established via high-fat diet (HFD), followed by separation and characterization of FC-EVs (HFD-EVs). The levels of miR-99a-5p, precursor-miR-99a-5p, and heparan sulfate-glucosamine 3-sulfotransferase 3B1 (HS3ST3B1) were measured by RT-qPCR or Western blot assay. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and wound healing assays. The expression of Cy3-labeled miR-99a-5p in A549 cells (one NSCLC cell line) was observed via confocal microscopy. The binding of miR-99a-5p to HS3ST3B1 was analyzed by the dual luciferase assay. Rescue experiments were performed to confirm the role of HS3ST3B1 in NSCLC cells. RESULTS miR-99a-5p was upregulated in adipose tissues, FCs, and HFD-EVs. HFD-EVs mitigated the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells. HFD-EVs transported miR-99a-5p into A549 cells, which upregulated miR-99a-5p expression and inhibited HS3ST3B1 expression in A549 cells. HS3ST3B1 overexpression reversed the inhibition of HFD-EVs on the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells. CONCLUSION HFD-EVs transported miR-99a-5p into NSCLC cells and inhibited HS3ST3B1, thereby inhibiting proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengping Zhai
- Department of General Practice, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Tiantian Lin
- Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
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Rago V, Bossio S, Lofaro D, Perri A, Di Agostino S. New Insights into the Link between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Renal Cancer. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:52. [PMID: 38255667 PMCID: PMC10817602 DOI: 10.3390/life14010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been described as a risk factor for greater susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19, mainly for patients with metastatic disease. Conversely, to that reported for most solid and hematological malignancies, the few available clinical studies reported that the infection did not increase the risk of death in renal cancer patients. The expression on proximal tubular renal cells of the key players in cellular viral uptake, ACE2, TMPRSS2, and NRP1, seems to be the mechanism for the direct kidney injury seen in patients with COVID-19. Interestingly, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and experimental analyses on various renal cancer cell lines demonstrated that the above-reported receptors/cofactors are maintained by renal cancer cells. However, whether SARS-CoV-2 infection directly kills renal cancer cells or generates enhanced immunogenicity is a question worth investigating. In addition, some researchers have further addressed the topic by studying the expression and prognostic significance of gene signatures related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in renal cancer patients. The emerging data highlights the importance of better understanding the existence of a link between renal cancer and COVID-19 since it could lead to the identification of new prognostic factors and the development of new therapeutic targets in the management of renal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Bossio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Danilo Lofaro
- de-Health Lab, Department of Mechanical, Energy, Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Anna Perri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Silvia Di Agostino
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
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Nuvola G, Mollica V, Massari F, Suárez C. The future of immunotherapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma: beyond PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Immunotherapy 2023; 15:1429-1433. [PMID: 37718694 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2023-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Nuvola
- Medical Oncology, SCIAS Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
| | - Veronica Mollica
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Francesco Massari
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Cristina Suárez
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
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Cheng L, Xu Y, Zhang S. Cardiovascular and Oncological Outcomes in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myocarditis: Balancing Perspectives. JACC CardioOncol 2023; 5:745-746. [PMID: 38204998 PMCID: PMC10774761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Cheng
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Li ZH, Li JY, Zhu YJ, Dai L, Wu ZT, Nong JS, Zhuo T, Li FL, He LY, Liang HH, Zang FL, Wang YY, Chen MW, Huang WJ, Cao JB. Analysis of Nucleoporin 107 Overexpression and Its Association with Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Bioinformatics Methods. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:5449-5465. [PMID: 38021066 PMCID: PMC10676695 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s441185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has high morbidity and mortality. Current studies indicate nucleoporin 107 (NUP107) is involved in the construction of nuclear pore complex, and NUP107 overexpression contributes to the growth and development in most types of cancers, but its effect in LUAD has not been elucidated. Methods Differences in NUP107 expression were investigated using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and multiple Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets. Enrichment analysis were implemented to probe the NUP107 function. The association of NUP107 with the degree of immune cell infiltration was investigated by the TIMER database, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and ESTIMATE. The association of NUP107 expression with tumor mutation burden (TMB), TP53, and immune checkpoint was analyzed. Single-cell RNA sequencing data were used to detect NUP107 expression in different cell clusters. Finally, we performed real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to prove the difference of NUP107 expression. Results NUP107 was overexpressed in LUAD and mainly expressed in cancer stem cell (CSC). Overexpression of NUP107 in LUAD suggested a poorer prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis pointed out that NUP107 was mainly linked to the regulation of cell cycle. Both immune cell infiltration and TMB were found to be in connection with NUP107. Cases in the group with high NUP107 expression had poorer immune infiltration, but had higher expression of immune checkpoints, TMB, and proportion of TP53 mutations. Conclusion NUP107 is a sensitive diagnostic and prognostic factor for LUAD and may be involved in tumor progression through its effects on cell cycle and immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Department of Nephrology, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jie Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zuo-Tao Wu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ju-Sen Nong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhuo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu-Li Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yun He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Hua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-Ling Zang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Yong Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Wu Chen
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jia Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Bin Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Olivares-Hernández A, González del Portillo E, Tamayo-Velasco Á, Figuero-Pérez L, Zhilina-Zhilina S, Fonseca-Sánchez E, Miramontes-González JP. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: from current perspectives to future treatments-a systematic review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:354. [PMID: 37675322 PMCID: PMC10477621 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-4218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The introduction of immunotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has resulted in a radical change in patients' treatment responses and survival rates. The increased percentage of long survivors, improved toxicity profiles compared to chemotherapy, and the possible applications for different NSCLC scenarios, have led to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) becoming the cornerstone of NSCLC treatment. Therefore, the objective of this review is to describe the current and future perspectives of NSCLC treatment. Methods A systematic review according to the PRISMA criteria has been performed based on clinical trials with immunotherapy in NSCLC from the start of these treatments until June 2022. Results The use of ICIs is widespread across both first- and second-line treatments with anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and anti-CTLA-4 drugs. New indications for immunotherapy in NSCLC have focused on adjuvant (atezolizumab) and neoadjuvant (nivolumab), with ICIs now present in all stages of NSCLC treatment. Given the promising results seen in clinical trials, new ICIs [anti- lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) or IDO1] currently under development, will soon be used as standard treatment for NSCLC. Conclusions Immunotherapy is the mainstay of NSCLC treatment in all stages, including adjuvant, neoadjuvant and advanced tumors. The development of new molecules will revolutionize the treatment of NSCLC in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Olivares-Hernández
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Figuero-Pérez
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Emilio Fonseca-Sánchez
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Pablo Miramontes-González
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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11
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Zhang Y, Zhang T, Zhao Y, Wu H, Zhen Q, Zhu S, Hou S. Lactate dehydrogenase D serves as a novel biomarker for prognosis and immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:759. [PMID: 37587457 PMCID: PMC10428593 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is reported to be the leading cause of death in males and females, globally. Increasing evidence highlights the paramount importance of Lactate dehydrogenase D (LDHD) in different types of cancers, though it's role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is still inadequately explored. In this study, we aimed to investigate and determine the relationship between LDHD and LUAD. METHODS The collection of the samples was guided by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). To ascertain various aspects around LDHD function, we analyzed different expression genes (DEGs), functional enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. The predictive values for LDHD were collectively determined using the Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression analysis, and a nomogram. Evaluation of the immune infiltration analysis was completed using Estimate and ssGSEA. The prediction of the immunotherapy response was based on TIDE and IPS. The LDHD expression levels in LUAD were validated through Western blot, qPCR, and immunohistochemistry methods. Wound healing and transwell assays were also performed to illustrate the aggressive features in LUAD cell lines. RESULTS The results showed that LDHD was generally downregulated in LUAD patients, with the low LDHD group presenting a decline in OS, DSS, and PFI. Enriched pathways, which include pyruvate metabolism, central carbon metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation were observed through KEGG analysis. It was also noted that the expression of LDHD expression was inversely related to immune cell infiltration and typical checkpoints. The high LDHD group's response to immunotherapy was remarkable, particularly in CTAL4 + /PD1- therapy. In vitro studies revealed that the overexpression of LDHD caused tumor migration and invasion to be suppressed. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study revealed that LDHD might be an effective predictor of prognosis and immune filtration, possibly leading to better choices for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yingdong Zhao
- Liaocheng Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Hongdi Wu
- Department of Fundamental, Air Force Communications NCO Academy, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China
| | - Qiang Zhen
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Suwei Zhu
- Department of Critical-Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
| | - Shaoshuai Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong, 277500, China.
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12
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Xie M, Wang X, Wang P, Liu A, Wen Y, Xiao B. Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors along with chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer and the impact on adverse reactions and serum tumor markers. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:5276-5283. [PMID: 37692929 PMCID: PMC10492085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors along with chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the effect on adverse reactions and serum tumor markers. METHODS Data of 112 NSCLC patients admitted to Geriatric respiratory department, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital from February 2018 to March 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 54 patients treated with concurrent chemotherapy were labeled as the control group (CG), and 58 patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in addition to chemotherapy were the observation group (OG). The two groups were compared in terms of immune function indexes, therapeutic efficacy, incidence of adverse reactions, 1-year survival rate, serum tumor markers before and after treatment, and independent risk factors affecting patients' prognosis. RESULTS Compared to the CG, the OG exhibited significantly better therapeutic efficacy. The levels of IgG, IgA and IgM 6 months after treatment were significantly higher in both groups than those before treatment, and the elevations in the OG were more evident than those in the CG, and the OG demonstrated markedly lower Recombinant Cytokeratin Fragment Antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) levels after treatment than the CG did. Between the two groups, there was no significant difference identified in the incidence of adverse reactions, but the OG was observed to have much higher 1-year survival rate. The pathological stage, differentiation and treatment regimen were independent risk factors affecting patients' prognosis. CONCLUSION For NSCLC patients, the adoption of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors following chemoradiotherapy shows potential in enhancing clinical efficacy, boosting patients' immune function, and improving long-term survival rates, with premising safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xie
- Geriatric Respiratory Department, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital No. 777 Xitai Road, High Tech Zone, Xi'an 710075, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinlin Wang
- Interventional Oncology Department, The Third People's Hospital of Gansu Province No. 763 Jiatan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an Central Hospital No. 161 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an 710075, Shaanxi, China
| | - An Liu
- Geriatric Department I, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital No. 777 Xitai Road, High Tech Zone, Xi'an 710075, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yurong Wen
- Radiology Interventional Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Interventional Oncology Department, The Third People's Hospital of Gansu Province No. 763 Jiatan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
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13
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Ma G, Zeng Y, Zhong W, Zhao X, Wang G, Bie F, Du J. Comprehensive analysis of suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 protein in the malignant transformation of NSCLC. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:370. [PMID: 37415839 PMCID: PMC10320659 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) plays an essential role in a number of physiological phenomena and functions as a tumor suppressor. Understanding the predictive effects of SOCS2 on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is urgently needed. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to assess SOCS2 gene expression levels in NSCLC. The clinical significance of SOCS2 was evaluated through Kaplan-Meier curve analysis and the analysis of related clinical factors. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to identify the biological functions of SOCS2. Subsequently proliferation, wound-healing, colony formation and Transwell assays, and carboplatin drug experiments were used for verification. The results revealed that SOCS2 expression was low in the NSCLC tissues of patients in TCGA and GEO database analyses. Downregulated SOCS2 was associated with poor prognosis, as determined by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.52-0.73; P<0.001). GSEA showed that SOCS2 was involved in intracellular reactions, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Cell experiments indicated that knockdown of SOCS2 caused the malignant progression of NSCLC cell lines. Furthermore, the drug experiment showed that silencing of SOCS2 promoted the resistance of NSCLC cells to carboplatin. In conclusion, low expression of SOCS2 was associated with poor clinical prognosis by effecting EMT and causing drug resistance in NSCLC cell lines. Furthermore, SOCS2 could act as a predictive indicator for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyuan Ma
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yukai Zeng
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Weiqing Zhong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan), Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Fenglong Bie
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jiajun Du
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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14
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Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Gopalakrishnan AV, Bradu P, Biswas A, Ganesan R, Renu K, Dey A, Vellingiri B, El Allali A, Alsamman AM, Zayed H, George Priya Doss C. Evolving strategies and application of proteins and peptide therapeutics in cancer treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114832. [PMID: 37150032 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Several proteins and peptides have therapeutic potential and can be used for cancer therapy. By binding to cell surface receptors and other indicators uniquely linked with or overexpressed on tumors compared to healthy tissue, protein biologics enhance the active targeting of cancer cells, as opposed to the passive targeting of cells by conventional small-molecule chemotherapeutics. This study focuses on peptide medications that exist to slow or stop tumor growth and the spread of cancer, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of peptides in cancer treatment. As an alternative to standard chemotherapy, peptides that selectively kill cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue are developing. A mountain of clinical evidence supports the efficacy of peptide-based cancer vaccines. Since a single treatment technique may not be sufficient to produce favourable results in the fight against cancer, combination therapy is emerging as an effective option to generate synergistic benefits. One example of this new area is the use of anticancer peptides in combination with nonpeptidic cytotoxic drugs or the combination of immunotherapy with conventional therapies like radiation and chemotherapy. This review focuses on the different natural and synthetic peptides obtained and researched. Discoveries, manufacture, and modifications of peptide drugs, as well as their contemporary applications, are summarized in this review. We also discuss the benefits and difficulties of potential advances in therapeutic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India.
| | - Pragya Bradu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Antara Biswas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Achraf El Allali
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco.
| | - Alsamman M Alsamman
- Department of Genome Mapping, Molecular Genetics, and Genome Mapping Laboratory, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - C George Priya Doss
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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15
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Zhang Y, Lu L, Zheng R. Emerging trends and focus on immune checkpoint inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer treatment: visualization and bibliometric analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1140771. [PMID: 37214445 PMCID: PMC10192761 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1140771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 80% of all cases. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used to treat NSCLC owing to their remarkable efficacy. In this study, we analyzed the scientific collaboration network, defined the hotspots of research on the use of ICIs for NSCLC treatment, analyzed its evolution over the past few years, and forecasted the field's future development using bibliometric analysis and a graphical study. Methods: Research articles and reviews regarding ICIs for NSCLC were retrieved and obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection on 26 September 2022. CtieSpace and VOSviewer were thereafter used to conduct the bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis. Results: We included 8,149 articles for this literature analysis. Our analysis showed that the USA had the highest number of publications and citations. We also noted that research trends in this field have changed drastically over the past 20 years, from the early development of ICIs, such as CTLA-4 inhibitors, to the development of recent ones, such as PD-1 and PD-L1 blockers. Further, the focus of research in this field has also gradually shifted from mechanisms to treatment effects and adverse events, suggesting that the field is maturing. Clinical applications are also being explored, including studies on how to enhance efficacy, reduce adverse effects, and expand to other specific cancer types. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to construct a comprehensive knowledge map on ICIs for NSCLC. It can help researchers rapidly grasp the status and focus of current research in this area, offer direction, and serve as a reference for conducting similar studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Lishan Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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16
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Dehghani T, Shahrjerdi A, Kahrizi MS, Soleimani E, Ravandeh S, Merza MS, Rahnama N, Ebrahimzadeh F, Bakhshesh M. Targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) for treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC); the recent advances. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 246:154470. [PMID: 37150133 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The immune system uses various immune checkpoint axes to adjust responses, support homeostasis, and deter self-reactivity and autoimmunity. Nevertheless, non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) can use protective mechanisms to facilitate immune evasion, which leads to potentiated cancer survival and proliferation. In this light, many blocking anti-bodies have been developed to negatively regulate checkpoint molecules, in particular, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) / PD-ligand 1 (L1), and bypass these immune suppressive mechanisms. Meanwhile, anti-PD-1 anti-bodies such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, and sintilimab have shown excellent competence in successfully inspiring immune responses versus NSCLC. Accordingly, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently approved nivolumab (alone or in combination with ipilimumab) and pembrolizumab (alone or in combination with chemotherapy) as first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC patients. However, PD-1 blockade monotherapy remains inefficient in more than 60% of NSCLC patients, and many patients don't respond or acquire resistance to this modality. Also, toxicities related to anti-PD-1 anti-body have been progressively identified in clinical trials and oncology practice. Herein, we will outline the clinical benefits of PD-1 blockade therapy alone or in combination with other treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapy) in NSCLC patients. Moreover, we will take a glimpse into the recently identified predictive biomarkers to determine patients most likely to suffer serious adverse events to decrease untoward toxicity risk and diminish treatment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Dehghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahrjerdi
- National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box: 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elnaz Soleimani
- Departmant of Genetic, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Muna S Merza
- Prosthetic Dental Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal university College, Babylon 51001, Iraq
| | - Negin Rahnama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Health Services, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Morteza Bakhshesh
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.
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17
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Pescia C, Pini G, Olmeda E, Ferrero S, Lopez G. TIGIT in Lung Cancer: Potential Theranostic Implications. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13041050. [PMID: 37109579 PMCID: PMC10145071 DOI: 10.3390/life13041050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
TIGIT (T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains) is a co-inhibitory receptor expressed on various immune cells, including T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells. TIGIT interacts with different ligands, such as CD155 and CD112, which are highly expressed on cancer cells, leading to the suppression of immune responses. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of TIGIT in regulating immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment and its role as a potential therapeutic target, especially in the field of lung cancer. However, the role of TIGIT in cancer development and progression remains controversial, particularly regarding the relevance of its expression both in the tumor microenvironment and on tumor cells, with prognostic and predictive implications that remain to date essentially undisclosed. Here, we provide a review of the recent advances in TIGIT-blockade in lung cancer, and also insights on TIGIT relevance as an immunohistochemical biomarker and its possible theranostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Pescia
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuditta Pini
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Olmeda
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferrero
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lopez
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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18
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Kavun A, Veselovsky E, Lebedeva A, Belova E, Kuznetsova O, Yakushina V, Grigoreva T, Mileyko V, Fedyanin M, Ivanov M. Microsatellite Instability: A Review of Molecular Epidemiology and Implications for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082288. [PMID: 37190216 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is one of the most important molecular characteristics of a tumor, which occurs among various tumor types. In this review article, we examine the molecular characteristics of MSI tumors, both sporadic and Lynch-associated. We also overview the risks of developing hereditary forms of cancer and potential mechanisms of tumor development in patients with Lynch syndrome. Additionally, we summarize the results of major clinical studies on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for MSI tumors and discuss the predictive role of MSI in the context of chemotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors. Finally, we briefly discuss some of the underlying mechanisms causing therapy resistance in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Egor Veselovsky
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics of Development, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina Belova
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olesya Kuznetsova
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina Yakushina
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Grigoreva
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Mikhail Fedyanin
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, 115478 Moscow, Russia
- State Budgetary Institution of Health Care of the City of Moscow "Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center" "Kommunarka" of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow, 142770 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 105203 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Ivanov
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
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Rocco D, Della Gravara L, Battiloro C, Palazzolo G, Gridelli C. Recently approved and emerging monoclonal antibody immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2023; 23:261-268. [PMID: 36803090 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2023.2183116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION CTLA-4/PD-1/PD-L1- directed immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are one of the standard therapies for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, some new classes of monoclonal antibodies are emerging as promising therapies for advanced NSCLC. AREAS COVERED Therefore, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the recently approved as well as emerging monoclonal antibody immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. EXPERT OPINION Further and larger studies will be needed to explore the promising emerging data on new ICIs. Future phase III trials could allow us to properly assess the role of each immune checkpoints in the wider context of the tumor microenvironment and thus the best new ICIs to use, the best approach and the most effective subset of patients to select.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Rocco
- Department of Pulmonary Oncology, AORN dei Colli Monaldi, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Della Gravara
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Battiloro
- Department of Pulmonary Oncology, AORN dei Colli Monaldi, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Cesare Gridelli
- Division of Medical Oncology, S.G. Moscati Hospital, Avellino, Italy
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20
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Lu Q, Chen Y, Li J, Zhu F, Zheng Z. Crosstalk between cGAS-STING pathway and autophagy in cancer immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1139595. [PMID: 36936940 PMCID: PMC10014609 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway is critical in cancer immunity. Autophagy is a highly conserved process that is responsible for the degradation of cytoplasmic material and is involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. Recently, cGAS-STING and autophagy have been shown to be interconnected, which may influence the progression of cancer. Although cGAS-STING and autophagy have been shown to be interrelated in innate immunity, little has been reported about cancer immunity. As cancer immunity is key to treating tumors, it is essential to summarize the relationship and interactions between the two. Based on this, we systematically sorted out the recent findings of cGAS-STING and autophagy in cancer immunity and explored the interactions between cGAS-STING and autophagy, although these interactions have not been extensively studied. Lastly, we provide an outlook on how cGAS-STING and autophagy can be combined, with the hope that our research can help people better understand their potential roles in cancer immunity and bring light to the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Lu
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukun Chen
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianwen Li
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhan Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhan Zheng,
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21
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Giatromanolaki A, Chatzipantelis P, Contrafouris CA, Koukourakis MI. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures, Immune Response, and Prognostic Relevance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Invest 2023; 41:48-57. [PMID: 36239379 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2022.2136684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the presence of 'tertiary lymphoid structures' (TLS) in a series of surgically treated non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). The TLS-density in the tumor periphery (pTLS) ranged from 0 to 1.8 (median 0.45), while in inner tumor areas (iTLS) ranged from 0 to 1.0 (median 0); (p < 0.0001). High pTLS-density was linked with early stage of the disease. Glycolysis-related enzyme expression (MCT1, Hexokinase 2) was linked with high pTLS-density (p < 0.05). High pTLS and iTLS densities were linked with better postoperative prognosis (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01, respectively). Assessment of TLS is a useful prognostic marker in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Giatromanolaki
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | - Paschalis Chatzipantelis
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | | | - Michael I Koukourakis
- Department of Radiotherapy/Oncology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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22
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Zhuang Z, Huang D, Sheng ZR, Ye ZJ, Jiang H, Yuan Y, Qin B, Zhao Y, Pan HF, Tang Y. Systems biology strategy and experimental validation to uncover the pharmacological mechanism of Xihuang Pill in treating non-small cell lung cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154491. [PMID: 36368285 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for almost 85% of lung cancer-related deaths worldwide. Xihuang Pill (XHP) is a representative anticancer Chinese patented medicine used to treat NSCLC in China. However, to date, a systematic analysis of XHP's antitumour effects and its impact on the immune microenvironment has not been performed. PURPOSE Based on the systems biology strategy and experimental validation, the present study aimed to investigate the pharmacological mechanisms involved in treating NSCLC with XHP. METHODS A subcutaneous tumour model was established to evaluate XHP's tumour-inhibitory effect in BALB/c nude mice. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and signalling pathways related to XHP treatment. Network analysis based on network pharmacology and protein-to-protein networks was applied to identify the compounds and genes targeted by XHP. External data from the TCGA-NSCLC cohort were used to verify the clinical significance of XHP-targeted genes in NSCLC. The expression of survival-related candidate genes after XHP treatment was verified via qPCR. The protein expression of calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha 1C (CACNA1C) in different NSCLC cell lines was analysed in the Human Protein Atlas database (HPA) and DepMap Portal. Using the Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumour tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm and the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm uncovered the role of CACNA1C in the NSCLC tumour microenvironment (TME). RESULTS XHP (2 g/kg/d) significantly inhibited the growth of transplanted A549 tumours. RNA-seq identified a total of 529 DEGs (189 upregulated and 340 downregulated). In addition, 542 GO terms, 41 significant KEGG pathways, 9 upregulated hallmarks pathways, and 18 downregulated hallmark pathways were enriched. These GO terms and signalling pathways were closely related to cell proliferation, immunity, energy metabolism, and the inflammatory response of NSCLC. In addition, XHP's network pharmacology analysis identified 301 compounds and 1,432 target genes. A comprehensive strategic analysis identified CACNA1C as a promising gene by which XHP targets and regulates the TME of NSCLC, benefiting patient survival. CACNA1C expression was positively correlated with both the immune score and stromal score but negatively correlated with the tumour purity score. Additionally, CACNA1C expression was significantly correlated with the infiltration levels of 15 types of immune cells and the expression levels of 6 well-known checkpoint genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that by regulating the pathways associated with cell proliferation and immunity, XHP can suppress cancer cell growth in NSCLC. Additionally, XHP may increase the expression of CACNA1C to suppress immune cell infiltration and regulate the expression of checkpoint-related genes, thereby improving the overall survival of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Zhuang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Rui Sheng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeng Jie Ye
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haimei Jiang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binyu Qin
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Feng Pan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ying Tang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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23
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[Research Progress of Immune Checkpoint TIGIT in Lung Cancer Immunotherapy]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:819-827. [PMID: 36419396 PMCID: PMC9720676 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.102.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif domain (TIGIT) is a newly discovered immune checkpoint molecule, mainly expressed on the surface of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. By binding to cluster of differentiation 155 (CD155) and other ligands, it inhibits T cell and NK cell-mediated immune responses and affects the tumor microenvironment. Multiple preclinical studies have demonstrated that the TIGIT/CD155 pathway plays a role in a variety of solid and hematological tumors. Clinical trials investigating TIGIT inhibitors alone or in combination with programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors for lung cancer are currently underway.
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24
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Lin X, Dong L, Yan Q, Dong Y, Wang L, Wang F. Preparation and Characterization of an Anticancer Peptide from Oriental Tonic Food Enteromorpha prolifera. Foods 2022; 11:3507. [PMID: 36360120 PMCID: PMC9657784 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Enteromorpha prolifera (E. prolifera), a tonic food in East Asian countries, is frequently studied for their pharmaceutical and healthcare applications. However, limited research has focused on antitumor peptides derived from this edible seaweed. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer properties of peptides isolated from the hydrolysate of E. prolifera generated by a plethora of proteases including trypsin, papain, bromelain, and alkaline protease. The results showed that the hydrolysate produced by papain digestion exhibited remarkably stronger anticancer activity and was subjected to further purification by ultrafiltration and sequential chromatography. One heptapeptide, designated HTDT-6-2-3-2, showed significant antiproliferation activity towards several human cancer cell lines. The IC50 values for NCI-H460, HepG2, and A549 were 0.3686 ± 0.0935 mg/mL, 1.2564 ± 0.0548 mg/mL, and 0.9867 ± 0.0857 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, results from flow cytometry confirmed that cell apoptosis was induced by HTDT-6-2-3-2 in a dose-dependent manner. The amino acid sequence for this heptapeptide, GPLGAGP, was characterized by Edman degradation and further verified by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. In silico analysis results suggested that XIAP could be a potential target for HTDT-6-2-3-2. Molecular docking simulation showed that HTDT-6-2-3-2 could occupy a shallow pocket in the BIR3 domain of XIAP, which is involved in the inhibitory effect of caspase-9 activation. In conclusion, this E. prolifera derived peptide exhibited strong anticancer properties, which could be explored for pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosi Lin
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Le Dong
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Qingdan Yan
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Yibo Dong
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Li Wang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
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25
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Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal the Immunotherapeutic Value of Klotho. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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26
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Therapeutic targets and biomarkers of tumor immunotherapy: response versus non-response. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:331. [PMID: 36123348 PMCID: PMC9485144 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers are highly complex diseases that are characterized by not only the overgrowth of malignant cells but also an altered immune response. The inhibition and reprogramming of the immune system play critical roles in tumor initiation and progression. Immunotherapy aims to reactivate antitumor immune cells and overcome the immune escape mechanisms of tumors. Represented by immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell transfer, tumor immunotherapy has seen tremendous success in the clinic, with the capability to induce long-term regression of some tumors that are refractory to all other treatments. Among them, immune checkpoint blocking therapy, represented by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors (nivolumab) and CTLA-4 inhibitors (ipilimumab), has shown encouraging therapeutic effects in the treatment of various malignant tumors, such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma. In addition, with the advent of CAR-T, CAR-M and other novel immunotherapy methods, immunotherapy has entered a new era. At present, evidence indicates that the combination of multiple immunotherapy methods may be one way to improve the therapeutic effect. However, the overall clinical response rate of tumor immunotherapy still needs improvement, which warrants the development of novel therapeutic designs as well as the discovery of biomarkers that can guide the prescription of these agents. Learning from the past success and failure of both clinical and basic research is critical for the rational design of studies in the future. In this article, we describe the efforts to manipulate the immune system against cancer and discuss different targets and cell types that can be exploited to promote the antitumor immune response.
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27
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Santiago-Sánchez GS, Hodge JW, Fabian KP. Tipping the scales: Immunotherapeutic strategies that disrupt immunosuppression and promote immune activation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:993624. [PMID: 36159809 PMCID: PMC9492957 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.993624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as an effective therapeutic approach for several cancer types. However, only a subset of patients exhibits a durable response due in part to immunosuppressive mechanisms that allow tumor cells to evade destruction by immune cells. One of the hallmarks of immune suppression is the paucity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), characterized by low numbers of effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, the proper activation and function of lymphocytes that successfully infiltrate the tumor are hampered by the lack of co-stimulatory molecules and the increase in inhibitory factors. These contribute to the imbalance of effector functions by natural killer (NK) and T cells and the immunosuppressive functions by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the TME, resulting in a dysfunctional anti-tumor immune response. Therefore, therapeutic regimens that elicit immune responses and reverse immune dysfunction are required to counter immune suppression in the TME and allow for the re-establishment of proper immune surveillance. Immuno-oncology (IO) agents, such as immune checkpoint blockade and TGF-β trapping molecules, have been developed to decrease or block suppressive factors to enable the activity of effector cells in the TME. Therapeutic agents that target immunosuppressive cells, either by direct lysis or altering their functions, have also been demonstrated to decrease the barrier to effective immune response. Other therapies, such as tumor antigen-specific vaccines and immunocytokines, have been shown to activate and improve the recruitment of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to the tumor, resulting in improved T effector to Treg ratio. The preclinical data on these diverse IO agents have led to the development of ongoing phase I and II clinical trials. This review aims to provide an overview of select therapeutic strategies that tip the balance from immunosuppression to immune activity in the TME.
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28
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Lefler DS, Snook AE, Bashir B. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in luminal gastrointestinal malignancies: going beyond MSI-H/dMMR, TMB and PD-L1. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:885-902. [PMID: 35694998 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In luminal gastrointestinal tumors, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 have been investigated in multiple settings. The indications for these drugs are primarily dependent on specific biomarkers that imply immunogenicity: overexpression of PD-L1, tumor mutational burden, loss of mismatch repair proteins (dMMR) and/or high microsatellite instability status. Although these markers can be both predictive and prognostic, there is variability in how they are measured and used to guide therapies. Moreover, the use of ICIs can be further refined with a better understanding of the tumor microenvironment and interactions with other available therapies. The purpose of this review is to characterize luminal gastrointestinal tumors' responses to ICIs considering known predictive biomarkers and discuss emerging therapeutic approaches using ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Lefler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Adam E Snook
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Babar Bashir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.,Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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29
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Olingy C, Alimadadi A, Araujo DJ, Barry D, Gutierrez NA, Werbin MH, Arriola E, Patel SP, Ottensmeier CH, Dinh HQ, Hedrick CC. CD33 Expression on Peripheral Blood Monocytes Predicts Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:842653. [PMID: 35493454 PMCID: PMC9046782 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.842653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has transformed cancer medicine, with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) therapy now well-utilized for treating NSCLC. Still, not all patients with NSCLC respond positively to anti-PD-1 therapy, and some patients acquire resistance to treatment. There remains an urgent need to find markers predictive of anti-PD-1 responsiveness. To this end, we performed mass cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 26 patients with NSCLC during anti-PD-1 treatment. Patients who responded to anti-PD-1 ICB displayed significantly higher levels of antigen-presenting myeloid cells, including CD9+ nonclassical monocytes, and CD33hi classical monocytes. Using matched pre-post treatment samples, we found that the baseline pre-treatment frequencies of CD33hi monocytes predicted patient responsiveness to anti-PD-1 therapy. Moreover, some of these classical and nonclassical monocyte subsets were associated with reduced immunosuppression by T regulatory (CD4+FOXP3+CD25+) cells in the same patients. Our use of machine learning corroborated the association of specific monocyte markers with responsiveness to ICB. Our work provides a high-dimensional profile of monocytes in NSCLC and links CD33 expression on monocytes with anti-PD-1 effectiveness in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Olingy
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ahmad Alimadadi
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Daniel J. Araujo
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David Barry
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Norma A. Gutierrez
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Max Hardy Werbin
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edurne Arriola
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar-Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandip Pravin Patel
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Christian H. Ottensmeier
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Huy Q. Dinh
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Catherine C. Hedrick
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Catherine C. Hedrick,
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30
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Revolutionization in Cancer Therapeutics via Targeting Major Immune Checkpoints PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030335. [PMID: 35337133 PMCID: PMC8952773 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous research reports have witnessed dramatic advancements in cancer therapeutic approaches through immunotherapy. Blocking immunological checkpoint pathways (mechanisms employed by malignant cells to disguise themselves as normal human body components) has emerged as a viable strategy for developing anticancer immunity. Through the development of effective immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in multiple carcinomas, advances in cancer immunity have expedited a major breakthrough in cancer therapy. Blocking a variety of ICIs, such as PD-1 (programmed cell death-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) has improved the immune system’s efficacy in combating cancer cells. Recent studies also supported the fact that ICIs combined with other potent antitumor candidates, such as angiogenic agents, could be a solid promising chemopreventive therapeutic approach in improving the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Immune checkpoint blockade has aided antiangiogenesis by lowering vascular endothelial growth factor expression and alleviating hypoxia. Our review summarized recent advances and clinical improvements in immune checkpoint blocking tactics, including combinatorial treatment of immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers with ICIs, which may aid future researchers in creating more effective cancer-fighting strategies.
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31
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Cheng Y, Zhang T, Xu Q. Therapeutic advances in non-small cell lung cancer: Focus on clinical development of targeted therapy and immunotherapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:692-729. [PMID: 34977873 PMCID: PMC8706764 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer still contributes to nearly one-quarter cancer-related deaths in the past decades, despite the rapid development of targeted therapy and immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The development and availability of comprehensive genomic profiling make the classification of NSCLC more precise and personalized. Most treatment decisions of advanced-stage NSCLC have been made based on the genetic features and PD-L1 expression of patients. For the past 2 years, more than 10 therapeutic strategies have been approved as first-line treatment for certain subgroups of NSCLC. However, some major challenges remain, including drug resistance and low rate of overall survival. Therefore, we discuss and review the therapeutic strategies of NSCLC, and focus on the development of targeted therapy and immunotherapy in advanced-stage NSCLC. Based on the latest guidelines, we provide an updated summary on the standard treatment for NSCLC. At last, we discussed several potential therapies for NSCLC. The development of new drugs and combination therapies both provide promising therapeutic effects on NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug TargetState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Tao Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug TargetState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of OncologyShanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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