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Vasdev N, Gupta T, Bain A, Kalyane D, Polaka S, Tekade RK. Harnessing Exercise-Like Benefits of Protonation prone Liposomal Resveratrol in Differentiated Fat Cells: A Proof-of-Concept Study. AAPS PharmSciTech 2025; 26:98. [PMID: 40148733 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-025-03085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a significant health issue resulting from a sedentary lifestyle and is linked to numerous other serious conditions, including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, resveratrol (RES) is gaining attention as an emerging therapeutic agent due to its exercise-like effects. However, RES's instability and low aqueous solubility have limited its applications. This research report focuses on the loading, solubilization, and sustained delivery of RES using a dendrimer complex loaded liposomal formulation. The safety and efficacy of formulation was studied by performing various assays. The DEN-RES complex loaded liposomes were optimized using a Quality by Design (QbD) approach whereas particle size, PDI and zeta potential were found to be 159.29 ± 0.58 nm, 0.206 ± 0.008, and -7.2 ± 0.14 mV, which followed first-order release kinetics for sustained RES release. The mRNA levels of the SIRT1 and AMPK genes were found to be upregulated by more than two folds, whereas the LIPO-DEN-RES downregulated the mRNA expression of PPARγ in adipocytes. Therefore, the modulation of mRNA levels detected in 3T3-L1 cells post-treatment with the LIPO-DEN-RES validates the formulation's potential in addressing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Vasdev
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, an Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Tanisha Gupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, an Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Anoothi Bain
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, an Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Kalyane
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Suryanarayana Polaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, an Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
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Jun L, Tao YX, Geetha T, Babu JR. Mitochondrial Adaptation in Skeletal Muscle: Impact of Obesity, Caloric Restriction, and Dietary Compounds. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:500-515. [PMID: 38976215 PMCID: PMC11327216 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The global obesity epidemic has become a major public health concern, necessitating comprehensive research into its adverse effects on various tissues within the human body. Among these tissues, skeletal muscle has gained attention due to its susceptibility to obesity-related alterations. Mitochondria are primary source of energy production in the skeletal muscle. Healthy skeletal muscle maintains constant mitochondrial content through continuous cycle of synthesis and degradation. However, obesity has been shown to disrupt this intricate balance. This review summarizes recent findings on the impact of obesity on skeletal muscle mitochondria structure and function. In addition, we summarize the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial quality control systems and how obesity impacts these systems. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent findings show various interventions aimed at mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction in obese model, encompassing strategies including caloric restriction and various dietary compounds. Obesity has deleterious effect on skeletal muscle mitochondria by disrupting mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics. Caloric restriction, omega-3 fatty acids, resveratrol, and other dietary compounds enhance mitochondrial function and present promising therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Jun
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Ya-Xiong Tao
- Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Thangiah Geetha
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Jeganathan Ramesh Babu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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Abstract
Obesity is a severe health problem worldwide due to its association with various adverse health consequences. The present study aims to evaluate the anti-obesity effects of resveratrol, as a natural polyphenol, on the 3T3-L1 adipocytes. PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar databases were searched up to March 2022 using relevant keywords. All original articles, written in English, evaluating the anti-obesity effects of resveratrol on the 3T3-L1 adipocytes were eligible for this review. Initially, 4361 records were found in the electronic search databases. After removing duplicates and irrelevant studies according to the title and abstract, the full text of the 51 articles was critically screened and 38 in vitro studies were included in this review. Except for one case, all of these studies reported that different doses (ranged 1-200 μM) of resveratrol treatment have anti-obesity effects on 3T3L1 adipocytes through various mechanisms such as induction of apoptosis, a decrease of fat accumulation and adipogenesis, promotion of white adipocytes browning, inhibition of preadipocyte proliferation and consequent differentiation, and up-regulation of miRNA that involved in the antiadipogenic and triacylglycerol metabolism in white adipose tissue. The findings indicate that resveratrol has anti-obesity effects. Therefore, resveratrol treatment could be used to prevent and treat obesity and its related disorders. Well-designed randomized clinical trials with different doses of resveratrol are recommended to be performed on obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Molani-Gol
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Rafraf
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Vrânceanu M, Hegheş SC, Cozma-Petruţ A, Banc R, Stroia CM, Raischi V, Miere D, Popa DS, Filip L. Plant-Derived Nutraceuticals Involved in Body Weight Control by Modulating Gene Expression. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2273. [PMID: 37375898 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is the most prevalent health problem in the Western world, with pathological body weight gain associated with numerous co-morbidities that can be the main cause of death. There are several factors that can contribute to the development of obesity, such as diet, sedentary lifestyle, and genetic make-up. Genetic predispositions play an important role in obesity, but genetic variations alone cannot fully explain the explosion of obesity, which is why studies have turned to epigenetics. The latest scientific evidence suggests that both genetics and environmental factors contribute to the rise in obesity. Certain variables, such as diet and exercise, have the ability to alter gene expression without affecting the DNA sequence, a phenomenon known as epigenetics. Epigenetic changes are reversible, and reversibility makes these changes attractive targets for therapeutic interventions. While anti-obesity drugs have been proposed to this end in recent decades, their numerous side effects make them not very attractive. On the other hand, the use of nutraceuticals for weight loss is increasing, and studies have shown that some of these products, such as resveratrol, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ginger, capsaicin, and caffeine, can alter gene expression, restoring the normal epigenetic profile and aiding weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vrânceanu
- Department of Toxicology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona-Codruţa Hegheş
- Department of Drug Analysis, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anamaria Cozma-Petruţ
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Banc
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmina Mariana Stroia
- Department of Pharmacy, Oradea University, 1 Universităţii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Viorica Raischi
- Laboratory of Physiology of Stress, Adaptation and General Sanocreatology, Institute of Physiology and Sanocreatology, 1 Academiei Street, 2028 Chișinău, Moldova
| | - Doina Miere
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela-Saveta Popa
- Department of Toxicology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lorena Filip
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Navarro-Orcajada S, Conesa I, Vidal-Sánchez FJ, Matencio A, Albaladejo-Maricó L, García-Carmona F, López-Nicolás JM. Stilbenes: Characterization, bioactivity, encapsulation and structural modifications. A review of their current limitations and promising approaches. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7269-7287. [PMID: 35234546 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Stilbenes are phenolic compounds naturally synthesized as secondary metabolites by the shikimate pathway in plants. Research on them has increased in recent years due to their therapeutic potential as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective and anti-obesity agents. Amongst them, resveratrol has attracted the most attention, although there are other natural and synthesized stilbenes with enhanced properties. However, stilbenes have some physicochemical and pharmacokinetic problems that need to be overcome before considering their applications. Human clinical evidence of their bioactivity is still controversial due to this fact and hence, exhaustive basis science on stilbenes is needed before applied science. This review gathers the main physicochemical and biological properties of natural stilbenes, establishes structure-activity relationships among them, emphasizing the current problems that limit their applications and presenting some promising approaches to overcome these issues: the encapsulation in different agents and the structural modification to obtain novel stilbenes with better features. The bioactivity of stilbenes should move from promising to evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Navarro-Orcajada
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Irene Conesa
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco José Vidal-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Lorena Albaladejo-Maricó
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Carmona
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - José Manuel López-Nicolás
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
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Kharazmi-Khorassani J, Ghafarian Zirak R, Ghazizadeh H, Zare-Feyzabadi R, Kharazmi-Khorassani S, Naji-Reihani-Garmroudi S, Kazemi E, Esmaily H, Javan-Doust A, Banpour H, Mohammadi-Bajgiran M, Besharatlou MR, Ferns GA, Hashemi M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. The role of serum monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in cardiovascular disease risk. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2021; 92:e2021049. [PMID: 33988177 PMCID: PMC8182619 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92i2.9235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acids have been observed as independent risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this study we investigated FFA levels in patients with CVD, and, its risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this case-control study, 346 unrelated Iranian patients who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled. Participants were categorized into two groups: who had >50% stenosis were assigned to the angiogram positive group (N=90) and those with <30% stenosis were assigned to the angiogram negative group (N=124) and also 222 subjects were healthy. Several risk factors were assessed in all participants, including anthropometric indices, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and biochemical factors. The levels of FFAs were determined using gas chromatography. Serum FFA concentrations were compared between healthy and patients with positive and negative angiograms. The association of serum FFA levels with four major risk factors (hypertension, high fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, high BMI and WHR) were also assessed. RESULTS According to our data, it has been shown that median of FFAs was higher in patients than healthy subjects (p<0.0001), such as SFA and n6-FFAs (in patients 1.59 (1.27) and 1.22 (1.06), respectively and healthy subjects 0.33 (0.38) and 0.36 (0.35)). According to anthropometric and biochemical data, we did not show statistical differences between the groups, except FBG, SBP and hs-CRP that showed significantly higher levels in the patients than controls (p<0.0001, p=0.001). Also, lower median levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and DBP were observed in patients which can due to lipid-lowering medication use like Statins. CONCLUSION High serum levels of FFAs are considered as an independent risk factor for CVDs, while various types of FFAs can have different influences on CVD risk factors. Therefore, longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the association between FFAs and CVD risk factors. High serum levels of FFAs are considered as an independent risk factor for CVDs, while various types of FFAs can have different influences on CVD risk factors. Therefore, longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the association between FFAs and CVD risk factors.
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Mongioì LM, La Vignera S, Cannarella R, Cimino L, Compagnone M, Condorelli RA, Calogero AE. The Role of Resveratrol Administration in Human Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094362. [PMID: 33921991 PMCID: PMC8122246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a widespread disease that is associated with numerous and serious comorbidities. These include metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular-cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, cancer, and sexual and hormonal disorders. The treatment of obesity has therefore become a goal of great clinical and social relevance. Among the therapeutic strategies against obesity, resveratrol has aroused great interest. This polyphenol has anticancer and antioxidant properties and cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Other favorable effects attributed to resveratrol are anti-lipid, anti-aging, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and neuroprotective actions. Administration of resveratrol appears to improve the metabolic profile in obese and/or insulin-resistant patients. This article aims to review the main results of clinical studies evaluating the effects of administering resveratrol alone in overweight/obese patients.
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Pleiotropic Effects of Eugenol: The Good, the Bad, and the Unknown. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3165159. [PMID: 33747344 PMCID: PMC7943301 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3165159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phytocompounds and medicinal herbs were used in traditional ancient medicine and are nowadays increasingly screened in both experimental and clinical settings due to their beneficial effects in several major pathologies. Similar to the drug industry, phytotherapy is interested in using nanobased delivery systems to view the identification and characterization of the cellular and molecular therapeutic targets of plant components. Eugenol, the major phenolic constituent of clove essential oil, is a particularly versatile phytochemical with a vast range of therapeutic properties, among which the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic effects have been systematically addressed. In the past decade, with the emerging understanding of the role of mitochondria as critical organelles in the pathophysiology of noncommunicable diseases, research regarding the role of phytochemicals as modulators of bioenergetics and metabolism is on a rise. Here, we present a brief overview of the major pharmacological properties of eugenol, with special emphasis on its applications in dental medicine, and provide preliminary data regarding its effects, alone, and included in polyurethane nanostructures, on mitochondrial bioenergetics, and glycolysis in human HaCaT keratinocytes.
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Boccellino M, D’Angelo S. Anti-Obesity Effects of Polyphenol Intake: Current Status and Future Possibilities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5642. [PMID: 32781724 PMCID: PMC7460589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has steadily increased worldwide over the past three decades. The conventional approaches to prevent or treat this syndrome and its associated complications include a balanced diet, an increase energy expenditure, and lifestyle modification. Multiple pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have been developed with the aim of improving obesity complications. Recently, the use of functional foods and their bioactive components is considered a new approach in the prevention and management of this disease. Due to their biological properties, polyphenols may be considered as nutraceuticals and food supplement recommended for different syndromes. Polyphenols are a class of naturally-occurring phytochemicals, some of which have been shown to modulate physiological and molecular pathways involved in energy metabolism. Polyphenols could act in the stimulation of β-oxidation, adipocyte differentiation inhibition, counteract oxidative stress, etc. In this narrative review, we considered the association between polyphenols (resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, and some polyphenolic extracts) and obesity, focusing on human trials. The health effects of polyphenols depend on the amount consumed and their bioavailability. Some results are contrasting, probably due to the various study designs and lengths, variation among subjects (age, gender, ethnicity), and chemical forms of the dietary polyphenols used. But, in conclusion, the data so far obtained encourage the setting of new trials, necessary to validate benefic role of polyphenols in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Stefania D’Angelo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Parthenope University, 80133 Naples, Italy
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Targeting Metabolic Consequences of Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by D-chiro-inositol and Emerging Nutraceuticals: A Focused Review. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9040987. [PMID: 32252239 PMCID: PMC7230532 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorder associated with ovarian dysfunction, infertility, menstrual irregularity, and hormonal impairments. Over the last decade, several studies have shown that some PCOS women have insulin resistance (InsR) and hyperinsulinemia, apart from being overweight or obese. Therefore, a crucial clinical aspect is that PCOS patients might develop glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes. Insulin-sensitizing drugs have been used as first-line treatment to improve hyperinsulinemia in women with PCOS. Although reducing PCOS symptoms and signs, several used insulin-sensitizer drugs may induce side effects, which reduces compliance. D-chiro-inositol (DCI), which is a naturally occurring stereoisomer of inositol, has been classified as an insulin-sensitizer and seems to mitigate multiple InsR-related metabolic alterations in PCOS with a safe profile. However, according to a multi-targeted design, the supplementation with DCI can be synergistically integrated by combining other potential insulin-sensitizing drugs and/or nutraceuticals. The literature provides the initial support for using several unexplored nutraceutical interventions that may target relevant metabolic abnormalities associated with InsR in PCOS. With a need to promote interest in clinical research, this review aims to discuss the efficacy of DCI and the role of emerging nutraceuticals for managing InsR in PCOS.
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Davinelli S, Melvang HM, Andersen LP, Scapagnini G, Nielsen ME. Astaxanthin from Shrimp Cephalothorax Stimulates the Immune Response by Enhancing IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-2 Secretion in Splenocytes of Helicobacter Pylori-Infected Mice. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17070382. [PMID: 31248010 PMCID: PMC6669458 DOI: 10.3390/md17070382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori is a critical cause of gastrointestinal diseases. A crucial host response associated with H. pylori infection includes gastric inflammation, which is characterized by a sustained recruitment of T-helper (Th) cells to the site of infection and distinct patterns of cytokine production. Adequate nutritional status, especially frequent consumption of dietary antioxidants, appears to protect against infection with H. pylori. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether astaxanthin (AXT) from shrimp cephalothorax may modulate cytokine release of splenocytes in H. pylori-infected mice (n = 60). Six- to eight-week-old female mice were divided into three groups (n = 20 per group) to receive a daily oral dose of 10 or 40 mg of AXT for six weeks. After six weeks, a trend toward interferon gamma (IFN-γ) upregulation was found (40 mg; p < 0.05) and a significant dose-dependent increase of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and IL-10 (both p < 0.05) was observed. These results suggest that AXT induces higher levels of IL-2 and a shift to a balanced Th1/Th2 response by increasing IFN-γ and augmenting IL-10. We concluded that AXT may influence the pattern of cytokines during H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via de Sanctis s.n.c, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Heidi Mikkelsen Melvang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Leif Percival Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via de Sanctis s.n.c, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
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Metabolaid ® Combination of Lemon Verbena and Hibiscus Flower Extract Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity through AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activation. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091204. [PMID: 30200432 PMCID: PMC6165361 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) has been used as a food spice, cosmetic, and in traditional medicine formulations to treat asthma and diabetes in South America and Southern Europe. Hibiscus flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is used in traditional Chinese medicine in the form of a tea to treat hypertension and inflammation. In the present study, we examined the synergistic effects of a formula of Metabolaid® (MetA), a combination of lemon verbena and hibiscus-flower extracts, on obesity and its complications in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. The results showed that MetA decreased body weight, white adipose tissue (WAT), and liver weight. Additionally, serum and hepatic lipid profiles, glucose levels, glucose tolerance, and cold-induced thermogenesis were significantly improved. Appetite-regulating hormones adiponectin and leptin were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, while the inflammatory-related factors tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 were downregulated by MetA. Adipogenesis-activating gene expression was decreased, while increased thermogenesis-inducing genes were upregulated in the WAT, correlating with increased phosphorylation of AMPK and fatty-acid oxidation in the liver. Taken together, these results suggest that MetA decreased obesity and its complications in HFD mice. Therefore, this formula may be a candidate for the prevention and treatment of obesity and its complications.
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Yang RF, Zhang H, Wang Z, Liu XY, Lin Z. A study on the relationship between waist phenotype, hypertriglyceridemia, coronary artery lesions and serum free fatty acids in adult and elderly patients with coronary diseases. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2018; 15:14. [PMID: 29983721 PMCID: PMC6003126 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-018-0119-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Abdominal obesity is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) and high serum triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid levels may precipitate or aggravate CHD. Methods We enrolled patients with coronary heart disease in our hospital from October 2008 to July 2009. Patients with high TG and increased WC, i.e. waist phenotype WP were included in group A. In group B, were included patients with high TG but not WP. Group C consisted of patients with WP but not high TG. Finally, Group D was composed of patients without high TG or WP. Serum FFA levels for all patients were measured by ELISA. The relationship between TG levels, WC, FFA levels, and coronary artery score was analysed by a single variable regression. Results Group A had a significantly higher FFA level than the other groups. Regression analysis showed that FFA, TG, WC, hip circumference, waist-to-height ratio, systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure index, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol all positively correlated with CAS (r = 0.160 ~ 0.415, P = 0.000 ~ 0.032). After we controlled for traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, FFA levels remained positively correlated to the CAS (r = 0.365, P < 0.001). Conclusion The serum FFA level for patients with complications of both increased WC and high TG levels was significantly higher than that of patients without either of these complications. The close correlation between the CAS and FFA levels showed by regression analysis suggested that inflammation in these patients was more serious. Increased WC and high TG levels as well as FFA level are valuable for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and can be applied as a clinical guidance for early intervention in the treatment of coronary heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Feng Yang
- 1Department of Cardiology, the 2nd Hospital Affiliated with Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan Province China
| | - Hanlei Zhang
- Yunnan Health Education Institute, Kunming, 650000 Yunnan Province China
| | - Zhongchun Wang
- Hospital of Yimen Country, Yimen, 651100 Yunnan Province China
| | - Xiao-Yong Liu
- 1Department of Cardiology, the 2nd Hospital Affiliated with Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan Province China
| | - Zhi Lin
- 1Department of Cardiology, the 2nd Hospital Affiliated with Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan Province China
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Safahani M, Aligholi H, Noorbakhsh F, Djalali M, Pishva H, Modarres Mousavi SM, Alizadeh L, Gorji A, Koohdani F. Switching from high-fat diet to foods containing resveratrol as a calorie restriction mimetic changes the architecture of arcuate nucleus to produce more newborn anorexigenic neurons. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:1687-1701. [PMID: 29785640 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1715-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE These days, obesity threatens the health for which one of the main interventions is calorie restriction (CR). Due to the difficulty of compliance with this treatment, CR mimetics such as resveratrol (RSV) have been considered. The present study compared the effects of RSV and CR on hypothalamic remodeling in a diet-switching experiment. METHODS C57BL/6 male mice received high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 weeks, subsequently their diet switched to chow diet, HFD + RSV, chow diet + RSV or CR diet for a further 6 weeks. Body weight, fat accumulation, hypothalamic apoptosis and expression of trophic factors as well as generation and fate specification of newborn cells in arcuate nucleus (ARC) were evaluated. RESULTS Switching diet to RSV-containing foods leading to weight and fat loss after 6 weeks. In addition, not only a significant reduction in apoptosis but also a considerable increase in production of newborn cells in ARC occurred following consumption of RSV-enriched diets. These were in line with augmentation of hypothalamic ciliary neurotrophic factor and leukemia inhibitory factor expression. Interestingly, RSV-containing diets changed the fate of newborn neurons toward generation of more proopiomelanocortin than neuropeptide Y neurons. The CR had effects similar to those of RSV-containing diets in the all-evaluated aspects besides neurogenesis in ARC. CONCLUSIONS Although both RSV-containing and CR diets changed the fate of newborn neurons to create an anorexigenic architecture for ARC, newborn neurons were more available after switching to RSV-enriched diets. It can be consider as a promising mechanism for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Safahani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Aligholi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam-al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Djalali
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Pishva
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Leila Alizadeh
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam-al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam-al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 45, 48149, Münster, Germany. .,Department of Neuroscience, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Fariba Koohdani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Leonardi GC, Accardi G, Monastero R, Nicoletti F, Libra M. Ageing: from inflammation to cancer. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2018; 15:1. [PMID: 29387133 PMCID: PMC5775596 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-017-0112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is the major risk factor for cancer development. Hallmark of the ageing process is represented by inflammaging, which is a chronic and systemic low-grade inflammatory process. Inflammation is also a hallmark of cancer and is widely recognized to influence all cancer stages from cell transformation to metastasis. Therefore, inflammaging may represent the biological phenomena able to couple ageing process with cancer development. Here we review the molecular and cellular pathway involved in age-related chronic inflammation along with its potential triggers and their connection with cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia C Leonardi
- 1Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Pathology and Oncology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- 2Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, Immunosenescence and Ageing Group, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Monastero
- 3Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology Section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- 1Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Pathology and Oncology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- 1Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Pathology and Oncology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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16
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Genovese C, Davinelli S, Mangano K, Tempera G, Nicolosi D, Corsello S, Vergalito F, Tartaglia E, Scapagnini G, Di Marco R. Effects of a new combination of plant extracts plus d-mannose for the management of uncomplicated recurrent urinary tract infections. J Chemother 2017; 30:107-114. [PMID: 29078739 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2017.1393587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are an economic burden for public health. The increasing prevalence of resistant bacteria which cause UTIs may be related to the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics. The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate whether three different combinations of plant extracts plus d-mannose are effective in preventing the recurrence of UTIs. Three groups of patients received three combinations of plant extracts in conjunction with d-mannose. These were: berberine, arbutin and birch (group A); berberine, arbutin, birch and forskolin (group B); and proanthocyanidins (group C). The clinical recurrence of cystitis at the end of treatment and during follow-up was determined by comparison with baseline measurements using the microbiological assessment of urine samples, vaginal swabs and vaginal smear slides. Patients in groups A and B had a lower incidence of episodes of recurrent cystitis during treatment and follow-up, samples with a significantly lower median bacterial load and a reduction of the grade of lactobacillary flora compared to patients in group C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Genovese
- a Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- b Department of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Molise , Campobasso , Italy
| | - Katia Mangano
- a Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Gianna Tempera
- a Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Daria Nicolosi
- a Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Salvatore Corsello
- c Obstetrics & Gynecology Division , "Castiglione Prestianni" Hospital , Bronte , Italy
| | - Franca Vergalito
- b Department of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Molise , Campobasso , Italy
| | - Edoardo Tartaglia
- b Department of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Molise , Campobasso , Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- b Department of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Molise , Campobasso , Italy
| | - Roberto Di Marco
- b Department of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Molise , Campobasso , Italy
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17
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Shamseddin A, Crauste C, Durand E, Villeneuve P, Dubois G, Durand T, Vercauteren J, Veas F. Resveratrol formulated with a natural deep eutectic solvent inhibits active matrix metalloprotease-9 in hormetic conditions. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201700171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aly Shamseddin
- Molecular Comparative Immuno-Physiopathology Lab (LIPMC); French Research Institute for Development (IRD); UMR-Ministry of Defense; Faculty of Pharmacy; Montpellier University; Montpellier France
| | - Céline Crauste
- Institute for Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247 CNRS-UM-ENSCM; Faculty of Pharmacy; Laboratory of Pharmacognosy; Montpellier University; Montpellier France
| | - Erwann Durand
- International French Center for Agronomy Research (CIRAD); UMR-IATE; Montpellier France
| | - Pierre Villeneuve
- International French Center for Agronomy Research (CIRAD); UMR-IATE; Montpellier France
| | - Gregor Dubois
- Molecular Comparative Immuno-Physiopathology Lab (LIPMC); French Research Institute for Development (IRD); UMR-Ministry of Defense; Faculty of Pharmacy; Montpellier University; Montpellier France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institute for Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247 CNRS-UM-ENSCM; Faculty of Pharmacy; Laboratory of Pharmacognosy; Montpellier University; Montpellier France
| | - Joseph Vercauteren
- Institute for Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247 CNRS-UM-ENSCM; Faculty of Pharmacy; Laboratory of Pharmacognosy; Montpellier University; Montpellier France
| | - Francisco Veas
- Molecular Comparative Immuno-Physiopathology Lab (LIPMC); French Research Institute for Development (IRD); UMR-Ministry of Defense; Faculty of Pharmacy; Montpellier University; Montpellier France
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18
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Maresin 1 mitigates liver steatosis in ob/ob and diet-induced obese mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 42:572-579. [PMID: 28895586 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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Chen L, Wang T, Chen G, Wang N, Gui L, Dai F, Fang Z, Zhang Q, Lu Y. Influence of resveratrol on endoplasmic reticulum stress and expression of adipokines in adipose tissues/adipocytes induced by high-calorie diet or palmitic acid. Endocrine 2017; 55:773-785. [PMID: 28070709 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine whether resveratrol treatment alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress and changes the expression of adipokines in adipose tissues and cells. METHODS 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-calorie diet (HCD group) or high-calorie diet supplemented with resveratrol (high-calorie diet + resveratrol group) for 3 months. Insulin resistance, serum lipids and proinflammatory indices, the size and inflammatory cell infiltration in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues were analyzed. The gene expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress, adipokines, and inflammatory cytokines were determined. The induced mature 3T3-L1 cells were pretreated with resveratrol and then palmitic acid, and the gene expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress, adipokines, and inflammatory cytokines were determined. RESULTS Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues in the high-calorie diet-fed mice exhibited adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammatory activation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Resveratrol alleviated high-calorie diet-induced insulin resistance and endoplasmic reticulum stress, increased expression of SIRT1, and reversed expression of adipokines in varying degrees in both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues. The effects of resveratrol on palmitic acid-treated adipocytes were similar to those shown in the tissues. CONCLUSIONS Resveratrol treatment obviously reversed adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin resistance by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation, thus increasing the expression of SIRT1 and inverting the expression of adipokines in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Guanjun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Nuojin Wang
- Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Li Gui
- The Comprehensive Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Fang Dai
- Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Zhaohui Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Yunxia Lu
- The Comprehensive Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China.
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20
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Delphinidin-Rich Maqui Berry Extract (Delphinol®) Lowers Fasting and Postprandial Glycemia and Insulinemia in Prediabetic Individuals during Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:9070537. [PMID: 28025651 PMCID: PMC5153493 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9070537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Delphinidin anthocyanins have previously been associated with the inhibition of glucose absorption. Blood glucose lowering effects have been ascribed to maqui berry (Aristotelia chilensis) extracts in humans after boiled rice consumption. In this study, we aimed to explore whether a standardized delphinidin-rich extract from maqui berry (Delphinol) affects glucose metabolism in prediabetic humans based on glycemia and insulinemia curves obtained from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after a challenge with pure glucose. Volunteers underwent four consecutive OGTTs with at least one week washout period, in which different doses of Delphinol were administered one hour before glucose intake. Delphinol significantly and dose-dependently lowered basal glycemia and insulinemia. Lower doses delayed postprandial glycemic and insulinemic peaks, while higher doses reversed this tendency. Glycemia peaks were dose-dependently lowered, while insulinemia peaks were higher for the lowest dose and lower for other doses. The total glucose available in blood was unaffected by treatments, while the total insulin availability was increased by low doses and decreased by the highest dose. Taken together, these open exploratory results suggest that Delphinol could be acting through three possible mechanisms: by inhibition of intestinal glucose transporters, by an incretin-mediated effect, or by improving insulin sensitivity.
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21
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Arzola-Paniagua MA, García-Salgado López ER, Calvo-Vargas CG, Guevara-Cruz M. Efficacy of an orlistat-resveratrol combination for weight loss in subjects with obesity: A randomized controlled trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:1454-63. [PMID: 27221771 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of an orlistat-resveratrol (O-R) combination in subjects with obesity over a 6-month period. METHODS This study was a double-blind, parallel, randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients fulfilling the selection criteria (age from 20 to 60 years and body mass index (BMI) ≥30 and ≤39.9 kg/m(2) ) consumed an energy-reduced diet with 500 fewer calories than their usual diet for 2 weeks. Then the participants were randomly assigned to four groups, placebo, resveratrol, orlistat, or O-R, and they consumed the energy-reduced diet for 6 months. The study consisted of seven visits. During each visit, a 24-h recall was performed, along with measurements of anthropometric and serum biochemical parameters. RESULTS A total of 161 participants were selected. Of these, 84 participants completed the study. A significant weight loss of -6.82 kg (95% CI -8.37 to -5.26) was observed in the O-R group compared with -3.50 kg (-5.05 to -1.95, P = 0.021) in the placebo group. In contrast, the -6.02 kg (-7.68 to -4.36) orlistat and -4.68 kg (-6.64 to -2.71) resveratrol monotherapy losses did not significantly differ from the placebo. Significant decreases in BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, triglycerides, leptin, and leptin/adiponectin ratio were observed with the O-R combination. CONCLUSIONS The O-R combination was the most effective weight loss treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cesar G Calvo-Vargas
- Departamento de Nutricion, Centro de Diseño y Planeación en Investigación Médica S.C, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Martha Guevara-Cruz
- Departmento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico D.F., Mexico
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22
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Davinelli S, Scapagnini G. Polyphenols: a Promising Nutritional Approach to Prevent or Reduce the Progression of Prehypertension. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2016; 23:197-202. [PMID: 27115149 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-016-0149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy blood pressure. Functional foods are increasingly popular among health-conscious consumers to reduce cardiovascular risk factors and improve vascular health. In particular, dietary polyphenols represent an extraordinary inventory of structurally different compounds that may represent promising candidate chemical entities to prevent or delay the onset of hypertension. In recent years, it has been recognized that prehypertension may be a predictor of clinical hypertension and consequently of cardiovascular risk. Moreover, prehypertension status is associated with increased levels of several inflammatory markers and it is also characterized by structural changes, including endothelial dysfunction and arteriolar hypertrophy. Despite the low bioavailability of polyphenols and the lack of clinical data from nutritional intervention studies, the antihypertensive role of polyphenols to control blood pressure and reduce inflammation and endothelial dysfunction has been subject of recent debate. The purpose of this article is to discuss the potential benefits of dietary polyphenols as a promising and effective nutritional strategy for the management of prehypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis snc, 86100, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis snc, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
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23
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From covalent bonds to eco-physiological pharmacology of secondary plant metabolites. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 98:269-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Yeger H. It's all in your gut and mind. J Cell Commun Signal 2015; 9:105-7. [PMID: 25876067 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-015-0285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a global problem affecting adults and children alike. Lifestyle choices both personal and industry driven can be blamed for the rise in obesity. One must distinguish between the possibly reversible overweight condition and the almost intractable actual morbid obesity where predisposing genetic factors may come into play. Both however exhibit consequences to health with a severity that cannot be underestimated. Deleterious changes to metabolism can lead to type II diabetes and atherosclerosis and other organ dysfunctions. It has long been recognized that there are two main types of fatty tissue in the body, white adipose tissue (WAT) serving a storage function and brown adipose tissue (BAT) serving a thermogenic function. The new discovery has been that WAT cells can be induced to undergo conversion (browning) to BAT to yield what is called beige adipose tissue, acquiring the thermogenic function. The clinical dream is to be able to promote browning and to induce, what may be called, burning off the fat. In this B&B article I entice the reader with a recent study that shows how two key hormones insulin and leptin operate cooperatively in the brain to monitor and regulate energy balance and the downstream effect of browning. I present other studies to add additional perspectives to the understanding of the mechanisms in peripheral tissues and other hormones that play additional key roles. Whether obesity can be conquered therapeutically by manipulating the regulatory systems is still an open question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman Yeger
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada,
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