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Sadie-Van Gijsen H, Kotzé-Hörstmann L. Rat models of diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysregulation: Current trends, shortcomings and considerations for future research. Obes Res Clin Pract 2023; 17:449-457. [PMID: 37788944 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Rat diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysregulation (DIO/DIMD) is widely used as a pre-clinical model for human obesity and for testing weight-loss interventions. The aim of this review was to utilise a systematic literature survey of rat DIO/DIMD studies as a tool to document trends around study design and metabolic outcomes of these studies, and to consider ways in which the design of these studies may be improved to enhance the relevance thereof for human obesity research. In total, 110 comparisons between control and obesogenic dietary groups were included in the survey. Young male rats were found to be the model of choice, but fewer than 50% of studies provided comprehensive information about diet composition and energy intake. In addition, it was found that the majority of expected DIO/DIMD responses (hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, hypoadiponectinemia) occurred at < 80% frequency, drawing into question the concept of a "typical" or "appropriate" response. We discuss the impact of differences in diet composition and energy intake on metabolic outcomes against the context of large heterogeneity of obesogenic diets employed in rat DIO/DIMD studies, and provide recommendations for the improvement of reporting standards around diet composition and dietary intake. In addition, we highlight the lack of data from female and older rats and describe considerations around the inclusion of sex and age as a variable in rat DIO/DIMD studies, aiming towards improving the applicability of these studies as a model of human obesity, which is most prevalent in women and older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanél Sadie-Van Gijsen
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
| | - Liske Kotzé-Hörstmann
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa; Institute for Sport and Exercise Medicine (ISEM), Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
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Gestational Exercise Increases Male Offspring's Maximal Workload Capacity Early in Life. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073916. [PMID: 35409278 PMCID: PMC8999565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mothers’ antenatal strategies to improve the intrauterine environment can positively decrease pregnancy-derived intercurrences. By challenging the mother–fetus unit, gestational exercise (GE) favorably modulates deleterious stimuli, such as high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet-induced adverse consequences for offspring. We aimed to analyze whether GE alters maternal HFHS-consumption effects on male offspring’s maximal workload performance (MWP) and in some skeletal muscle (the soleus—SOL and the tibialis anterior—TA) biomarkers associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative fitness. Infant male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into experimental groups according to mothers’ dietary and/or exercise conditions: offspring of sedentary control diet-fed or HFHS-fed mothers (C–S or HFHS–S, respectively) and of exercised HFHS-fed mothers (HFHS–E). Although maternal HFHS did not significantly alter MWP, offspring from GE dams exhibited increased MWP. Lower SOL AMPk levels in HFHS–S were reverted by GE. SOL PGC-1α, OXPHOS C-I and C-IV subunits remained unaltered by maternal diet, although increased in HFHS–E offspring. Additionally, GE prevented maternal diet-related SOL miR-378a overexpression, while upregulated miR-34a expression. Decreased TA C-IV subunit expression in HFHS–S was reverted in HFHS–E, concomitantly with the downregulation of miR-338. In conclusion, GE in HFHS-fed dams increases the offspring’s MWP, which seems to be associated with the intrauterine modulation of SM mitochondrial density and functional markers.
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Alexandre-Santos B, Magliano DC, Giori IG, Medeiros GRDO, Vieira CP, Conte-Junior CA, Nobrega ACLD, Frantz EDC. Renin-angiotensin system modulation through enalapril and/or exercise training improves visceral adiposity in obese mice. Life Sci 2022; 291:120269. [PMID: 34974075 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity-related metabolic diseases occur as a result of disruptions in white adipose tissue (WAT) plasticity, especially through visceral fat accumulation and adipocyte hypertrophy. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and bradykinin receptors modulation by enalapril treatment and/or exercise training on WAT morphology and related deleterious outcomes. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a standard chow or a high-fat (HF) diet for 16 weeks. At the 8th week, HF-fed animals were divided into sedentary (HF), enalapril treatment (HF-E), exercise training (HF-T), and enalapril treatment plus exercise training (HF-ET) groups. Following the experimental protocol, body mass gain, adiposity index, insulin resistance, visceral WAT morphometry, renin-angiotensin system, and bradykinin receptors were evaluated. RESULTS The HF group displayed increased adiposity, larger visceral fat mass, and adipocyte hypertrophy, which was accompanied by insulin resistance, overactivation of Ang II/AT1R arm, and favoring of B1R in bradykinin receptors profile. All interventions ameliorated visceral adiposity and related outcomes by favoring the Ang 1-7/MasR arm and the B2R expression in B1R/B2R ratio. However, combined therapy additively reduced Ang II/Ang 1-7 ratio. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Ang 1-7/MasR arm and B2R activation might be relevant targets in the treatment of visceral obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Alexandre-Santos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - D'Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isabele Gomes Giori
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Carla P Vieira
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonio Claudio Lucas da Nobrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science & Technology - INCT Physical (In)activity & Exercise, CNPq, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliete Dalla Corte Frantz
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science & Technology - INCT Physical (In)activity & Exercise, CNPq, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
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Skeletal Muscle-Adipose Tissue-Tumor Axis: Molecular Mechanisms Linking Exercise Training in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094469. [PMID: 33922898 PMCID: PMC8123194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased visceral adiposity may influence the development of prostate cancer (PCa) aggressive tumors and cancer mortality. White adipose tissue (WAT), usually referred to as periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), surrounds the prostatic gland and has emerged as a potential mediator of the tumor microenvironment. Exercise training (ET) induces several adaptations in both skeletal muscle and WAT. Some of these effects are mediated by ET-induced synthesis and secretion of several proteins, known as myo- and adipokines. Together, myokines and adipokines may act in an endocrine-like manner to favor communication between skeletal muscle and WAT, as they may work together to improve whole-body metabolic health. This crosstalk may constitute a potential mechanism by which ET exerts its beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of PCa-related disorders; however, this has not yet been explored. Therefore, we reviewed the current evidence on the effects of skeletal muscle–WAT–tumor crosstalk in PCa, and the potential mediators of this process to provide a better understanding of underlying ET-related mechanisms in cancer.
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de Moura E Dias M, Dos Reis SA, da Conceição LL, Sediyama CMNDO, Pereira SS, de Oliveira LL, Gouveia Peluzio MDC, Martinez JA, Milagro FI. Diet-induced obesity in animal models: points to consider and influence on metabolic markers. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:32. [PMID: 33736684 PMCID: PMC7976703 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are a worldwide public health problem. Obesity prevalence has increased considerably, which indicates the need for more studies to better understand these diseases and related complications. Diet induced-obesity (DIO) animal models can reproduce human overweight and obesity, and there are many protocols used to lead to excess fat deposition. So, the purpose of this review was to identify the key points for the induction of obesity through diet, as well as identifying which are the necessary endpoints to be achieved when inducing fat gain. For this, we reviewed the literature in the last 6 years, looking for original articles that aimed to induce obesity through the diet. All articles evaluated should have a control group, in order to verify the results found, and had worked with Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats, or with C57BL-/-6 mice strain. Articles that induced obesity by other methods, such as genetic manipulation, surgery, or drugs were excluded, since our main objective was to identify key points for the induction of obesity through diet. Articles in humans, in cell culture, in non-rodent animals, as well as review articles, articles that did not have obesity induction and book chapters were also excluded. Body weight and fat gain, as well as determinants related to inflammation, hormonal concentration, blood glycemia, lipid profile, and liver health, must be evaluated together to better determination of the development of obesity. In addition, to select the best model in each circumstance, it should be considered that each breed and sex respond differently to diet-induced obesity. The composition of the diet and calorie overconsumption are also relevant to the development of obesity. Finally, it is important that a non-obese control group is included in the experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de La Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies (IMDEA Food), Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fermín Ignacio Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de La Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
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Xu K, Ma J, Liu Z, Wang X, Yan S, Liu Z, Sun F, Wang K. Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Bone Metabolism and Serum 5-Hydroxytryptamine in Obese Rats. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e924097. [PMID: 32324718 PMCID: PMC7193245 DOI: 10.12659/msm.924097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that bariatric surgery, such as sleeve gastrectomy (SG), has an adverse effect on bone, including decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism. Peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) has an adverse regulatory effect on bone formation. Here, we assessed changes in bone metabolism and whether 5-HT is involved in the effect of SG on bone metabolism. MATERIAL AND METHODS A rat model of obesity was established using Wistar rats. After successful modeling, rats were randomly assigned to 2 groups - the SG group and the Sham group - with 10 rats in each group. We then performed sleeve gastrectomy or sham operation. Bone metabolic markers and BMD of rats were measured at 2 and 16 weeks after the operation and the level of 5-HT in serum was determined. Rats were killed at 16 weeks after the operation, and bones of the hind limbs were harvested to measure 5-HT by immunofluorescence. RESULTS BMD was decreased and bone metabolism demonstrated a trend of bone destruction in the rats after SG. A significantly increasing trend in the level of serum 5-HT was found, and bone immunofluorescence showed increased expression of 5-HT. CONCLUSIONS BMD was decrease and bone metabolism demonstrated a trend of bone destruction after SG. SG can affect the level of 5-HT in serum or bone tissue and the 5-HT may be involved in the process through which SG affects bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Junxing Ma
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Feicheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Feicheng People's Hospital, Feicheng, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Shaohua Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zitian Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Fuyun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Kexin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Bernardo TC, Beleza J, Rizo-Roca D, Santos-Alves E, Leal C, Martins MJ, Ascensão A, Magalhães J. Physical exercise mitigates behavioral impairments in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease. Behav Brain Res 2020; 379:112358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Sanchis-Soler G, Tortosa-Martínez J, Manchado-Lopez C, Cortell-Tormo JM. The effects of stress on cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease: Physical exercise as a counteract measure. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 152:157-193. [PMID: 32450995 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AD is a complicated multi-systemic neurological disorder that involves different biological pathways. Several risk factors have been identified, including chronic stress. Chronic stress produces an alteration in the activity of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) system, and the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which over time increase the risk of AD and also the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and risk factors, such as hypertension, obesity and type 2 diabetes, associated with cognitive impairment and AD. Considering the multi-factorial etiology of AD, understanding the complex interrelationships between different risk factors is of potential interest for designing adequate strategies for preventing, delaying the onset or slowing down the progression of this devastating disease. Thus, in this review we will explore the general mechanisms and evidence linking stress, cardiovascular disease and AD, and discuss the potential benefits of physical activity for AD by counteracting the negative effects of chronic stress, CVD and risk factors.
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Brandão AF, Bonet IJM, Pagliusi M, Zanetti GG, Pho N, Tambeli CH, Parada CA, Vieira AS, Sartori CR. Physical Activity Induces Nucleus Accumbens Genes Expression Changes Preventing Chronic Pain Susceptibility Promoted by High-Fat Diet and Sedentary Behavior in Mice. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1453. [PMID: 32038148 PMCID: PMC6987254 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings from rodent studies suggest that high-fat diet (HFD) increases hyperalgesia independent of obesity status. Furthermore, weight loss interventions such as voluntary physical activity (PA) for adults with obesity or overweight was reported to promote pain reduction in humans with chronic pain. However, regardless of obesity status, it is not known whether HFD intake and sedentary (SED) behavior is underlies chronic pain susceptibility. Moreover, differential gene expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays a crucial role in chronic pain susceptibility. Thus, the present study used an adapted model of the inflammatory prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-induced persistent hyperalgesia short-term (PH-ST) protocol for mice, an HFD, and a voluntary PA paradigm to test these hypotheses. Therefore, we performed an analysis of differential gene expression using a transcriptome approach of the NAc. We also applied a gene ontology enrichment tools to identify biological processes associated with chronic pain susceptibility and to investigate the interaction between the factors studied: diet (standard diet vs. HFD), physical activity behavior (SED vs. PA) and PH-ST (PGE vs. saline). Our results demonstrated that HFD intake and sedentary behavior promoted chronic pain susceptibility, which in turn was prevented by voluntary physical activity, even when the animals were fed an HFD. The transcriptome of the NAc found 2,204 differential expression genes and gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed 41 biologic processes implicated in chronic pain susceptibility. Taking these biological processes together, our results suggest that genes related to metabolic and mitochondria stress were up-regulated in the chronic pain susceptibility group (SED-HFD-PGE), whereas genes related to neuroplasticity were up-regulated in the non-chronic pain susceptibility group (PA-HFD-PGE). These findings provide pieces of evidence that HFD intake and sedentary behavior provoked gene expression changes in the NAc related to promotion of chronic pain susceptibility, whereas voluntary physical activity provoked gene expression changes in the NAc related to prevention of chronic pain susceptibility. Finally, our findings confirmed previous literature supporting the crucial role of voluntary physical activity to prevent chronic pain and suggest that low levels of voluntary physical activity would be helpful and highly recommended as a complementary treatment for those with chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Freitas Brandão
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ivan José Magayewski Bonet
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marco Pagliusi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Gerardini Zanetti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Nam Pho
- eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Cláudia Herrera Tambeli
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carlos Amilcar Parada
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - André Schwambach Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Cesar Renato Sartori
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Mirghani SJ, Azarbayjani MA, Peeri M, keshtkar A. Investigating Effects of Vitamin D Injection during a Course of Endurance Training On Anthropometrical Parameters of Wistar Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity. MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/mlj.13.6.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Ding Y, Qian L, Wang L, Wu C, Li D, Zhang X, Yin Z, Wang Y, Zhang W, Wu X, Ding J, Yang M, Zhang L, Shang J, Wang C, Gao Y. Relationship among porcine lncRNA TCONS_00010987, miR-323, and leptin receptor based on dual luciferase reporter gene assays and expression patterns. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 33:219-229. [PMID: 31480192 PMCID: PMC6946967 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective Considering the physiological and clinical importance of leptin receptor (LEPR) in regulating obesity and the fact that porcine LEPR expression is not known to be controlled by lncRNAs and miRNAs, we aim to characterize this gene as a potential target of SSC-miR-323 and the lncRNA TCONS_00010987. Methods Bioinformatics analyses revealed that lncRNA TCONS_00010987 and LEPR have SSC-miR-323-binding sites and that LEPR might be a target of lncRNA TCONS_00010987 based on cis prediction. Wild-type and mutant TCONS_00010987-target sequence fragments and wild-type and mutant LEPR 3′-UTR fragments were generated and cloned into pmiR-RB-REPORTTM-Control vectors to construct respective recombinant plasmids. HEK293T cells were co-transfected with the SSC-miR-323 mimics or a negative control with constructs harboring the corresponding binding sites and relative luciferase activities were determined. Tissue expression patterns of lncRNA TCONS_00010987, SSC-miR-323, and LEPR in Anqing six-end-white (AQ, the obese breed) and Large White (LW, the lean breed) pigs were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction; backfat expression of LEPR protein was detected by western blotting. Results Target gene fragments were successfully cloned, and the four recombinant vectors were constructed. Compared to the negative control, SSC-miR-323 mimics significantly inhibited luciferase activity from the wild-type TCONS_00010987-target sequence and wild-type LEPR-3′-UTR (p<0.01 for both) but not from the mutant TCONS_00010987-target sequence and mutant LEPR-3′-UTR (p>0.05 for both). Backfat expression levels of TCONS_ 00010987 and LEPR in AQ pigs were significantly higher than those in LW pigs (p<0.01), whereas levels of SSC-miR-323 in AQ pigs were significantly lower than those in LW pigs (p<0.05). LEPR protein levels in the backfat tissues of AQ pigs were markedly higher than those in LW pigs (p<0.01). Conclusion LEPR is a potential target of SSC-miR-323, and TCONS_00010987 might act as a sponge for SSC-miR-323 to regulate LEPR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyun Ding
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Li Qian
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Li Wang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Chaodong Wu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - DengTao Li
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Zongjun Yin
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yuanlang Wang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Xudong Wu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Min Yang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Jinnan Shang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Chonglong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Yafei Gao
- Anhui Haoxiang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co. LTD, Bozhou, Anhui 236700, China
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