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Bi WZ, Qu C, Chen XL, Wei SK, Qu LB, Liu SY, Sun K, Zhao YF. Copper(II) catalyzed heterobenzylic C(sp3)-H activation: Two efficient halogenation methodologies towards heterobenzyl halides. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhang M, Xia Z, Yan A. Computer modeling in predicting the bioactivity of human 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. Mol Divers 2016; 21:235-246. [PMID: 27904990 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-016-9709-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is a key enzyme in the inflammatory path. Inhibitors of 5-LOX are useful for the treatment of diseases like arthritis, cancer, and asthma. We have collected a dataset including 220 human 5-LOX inhibitors for classification. A self-organizing map (SOM), a support vector machine (SVM), and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) algorithm were used to build models with selected descriptors for classifying 5-LOX inhibitors into active and weakly active ones. MACCS fingerprints were used in this model building process. The accuracy (Q) and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of the best SOM model (Model 1A) were 86.49% and 0.73 on the test set, respectively. The Q and MCC of the best SVM model (Model 2A) were 82.67% and 0.64 on the test set, respectively. The Q and MCC of the best MLP model (Model 3B) were 84.00% and 0.67 on the test set, respectively. In addition, 180 inhibitors with bioactivities measured by fluorescence method were further used for a quantitative prediction. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and SVM algorithms were used to build models to predict the [Formula: see text] values. The correlation coefficients (R) of the MLR model (Model Q1) and the SVM model (Model Q2) were 0.72 and 0.74 on the test set, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Aixia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Rådmark O, Samuelsson B. 5-Lipoxygenase: Regulation and possible involvement in atherosclerosis. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2007; 83:162-74. [PMID: 17481551 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2007.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This review article focuses on two aspects regarding 5-lipoxygenase. First, mechanisms for activation of the enzyme. Second, the involvement of 5-lipoxygenase and leukotrienes in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olof Rådmark
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Karolinska Institute, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Detsi A, Bouloumbasi D, Prousis KC, Koufaki M, Athanasellis G, Melagraki G, Afantitis A, Igglessi-Markopoulou O, Kontogiorgis C, Hadjipavlou-Litina DJ. Design and synthesis of novel quinolinone-3-aminoamides and their alpha-lipoic acid adducts as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. J Med Chem 2007; 50:2450-8. [PMID: 17444626 DOI: 10.1021/jm061173n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of N-substituted-quinolinone-3-aminoamides and their hybrids containing the alpha-lipoic acid functionality were designed and synthesized as potential bifunctional agents combining antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The new compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant activity and for their ability to inhibit in vitro lipoxygenase as well as for their anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. In general, the derivatives were found to be potent antioxidant or anti-inflammatory agents. The results are discussed in terms of structure-activity relationships and an attempt is made to define the structural features required for activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Detsi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zorgafou Campus, GR 157 73, Athens, Greece.
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Abstract
The initial steps in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes from arachidonic acid are carried out by the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). In intact cells, the helper protein 5-LO activating protein (FLAP) is necessary for efficient enzyme utilization of endogenous substrate. The last decade has witnessed remarkable progress in our understanding of these two proteins. Here we review the molecular and cellular aspects of the expression, function, and regulation of 5-LO and FLAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peters-Golden
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, 1150 W Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0642, USA.
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Abstract
In this article, it has been attempted to review data primarily on the activation of human 5-lipoxygenase, in vitro and in the cell. First, structural properties and enzyme activities are described. This is followed by the activating factors: Ca2+, membranes, ATP, and lipid hydroperoxide. Also, studies on phosphorylation of 5-lipoxygenase, interaction with other proteins, and the intracellullar mobility of 5-lipoxygenase, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olof Rådmark
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Buccellati C, Fumagalli F, Viappiani S, Folco G. Leukotriene modifiers: novel therapeutic opportunities in asthma. FARMACO (SOCIETA CHIMICA ITALIANA : 1989) 2002; 57:235-42. [PMID: 11989802 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-827x(02)01209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (Cys-LT) are powerful proinflammatory autacoids that cause long-lasting bronchoconstriction, plasma leakage, increased mucus production; their biological activity suggests a prominent role in the etiopathology of asthma and several Cys-LT receptor antagonists and synthetase inhibitors have been developed as new antiasthmatic drugs. Zafirlukast was discovered by a mechanism-based approach to drug discovery; early structure-activity relationship analyses of the prototype SRS-A antagonist FPL-55712, lead to the identification of an indole-containing lead compound that was more specific than FPL-55712. Modifications were made on the lipid-like tail, indole backbone and acidic head region of this lead compound, resulting in potent and selective leukotriene receptor antagonists such as ICI-198615 and 204219 (zafirlukast). On the basis of successful results in preclinical asthma models, zafirlukast was recommended for clinical development and became the first leukotriene-modifier to be approved for the treatment of asthma. Leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors (LSI) also represent a promising approach to the treatment of asthma and may theoretically provide a broader protection than Cys-LT receptor antagonists by inhibition of the synthesis of the two major leukotrienes, the Cys-LT and the chemotactic LTB4. The LSI BAY X-1005 is the result of a broad chemistry program that identified 15-HETE as an endogenous inhibitor of leukotriene synthesis and REV 5901 as a lead prototypic quinoline-based 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor. Clinical studies demonstrated the effectiveness of BAY X-1005 in experimental conditions such as allergen provocation and cold-air induced asthma. However, no consistent treatment effect in the overall asthma population (mild to moderately severe asthmatics) lead to discontinuation of its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Buccellati
- Centro di Farmacologia Cardiopolmonare Sperimentale, Dip. of Pharmacol. Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Univ. of Milan, Italy
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Loidl-Stahlhofen A, Hartmann T, Schöttner M, Röhring C, Brodowsky H, Schmitt J, Keldenich J. Multilamellar liposomes and solid-supported lipid membranes (TRANSIL): screening of lipid-water partitioning toward a high-throughput scale. Pharm Res 2001; 18:1782-8. [PMID: 11785701 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013343117979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lipid-water partitioning of 187 pharmaceuticals has been assessed with solid-supported lipid membranes (TRANSIL) in microwell plates and with multilamellar liposomes for a data comparison. The high-throughput potential of the new approach was evaluated. METHODS Drugs were incubated at pH 7.4 with egg yolk lecithin membranes either on a solid support (TRANSIL beads) or in the form of multilamellar liposomes. Phase separation of lipid and water phase was achieved by ultracentrifugation in case of liposomes or by a short filtration step in case of solid-supported lipid membranes. RESULTS Lipid-water partitioning data of both approaches correlate well without systematic deviations in the investigated lipophilicity range. The solid-supported lipid membrane approach provides high-precision data in an automated microwell-plate setup. The lipid composition of the solid-supported lipid membranes was varied to study the influence of membrane change on lipid-water partitioning. In addition, pH-dependent measurements have been performed with minimal experimental effort. CONCLUSIONS Solid-supported lipid membranes represent a valuable tool to determine physiologically relevant lipid-water partitioning data of pharmaceuticals in an automated setup and is well suited for high-throughput data generation in lead optimization programs.
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Kolasa T, Gunn DE, Bhatia P, Woods KW, Gane T, Stewart AO, Bouska JB, Harris RR, Hulkower KI, Malo PE, Bell RL, Carter GW, Brooks CD. Heteroarylmethoxyphenylalkoxyiminoalkylcarboxylic acids as leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors. J Med Chem 2000; 43:690-705. [PMID: 10691695 DOI: 10.1021/jm9904102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of heteroarylmethoxyphenylalkoxyiminoalkylcarboxylic acids was studied as leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors. A hypothesis of structure-activity optimization by insertion of an oxime moiety was investigated using REV-5901 as a starting point. A systematic structure-activity optimization showed that the spatial arrangement and stereochemistry of the oxime insertion unit proved to be important for inhibitory activity. The promising lead, S-(E)-11, inhibited LTB(4) biosynthesis in the intact human neutrophil with IC(50) of 8 nM and had superior oral activity in vivo, in a rat pleurisy model (ED(50) = 0.14 mg/kg) and rat anaphylaxis model (ED(50) = 0.13 mg/kg). In a model of lung inflammation, S-(E)-11 blocked LTE(4) biosynthesis (ED(50) of 0.1 mg/kg) and eosinophil influx (ED(50) of 0.2 mg/kg). S-(E)-11 (A-93178) was selected for further preclinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kolasa
- Immunoscience Research, Abbott Laboratories, D47K, AP10, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, Illinois 600064, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- O P Rådmark
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Müller-Peddinghaus R. Pharmacological aspects of 5-lipoxygenase inhibition. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1999; 447:117-21. [PMID: 10086188 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4861-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- N Barnes
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, London Chest Hospital, England
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Gorenne I, Alaoui HS, Gascard JP, Labat C, Norel X, De Montpreville V, Brink C. Leukotriene synthesis inhibition and anti-ige challenge of human lung parenchyma. Life Sci 1996; 59:PL213-9. [PMID: 8809230 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(96)00426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The leukotriene (LT) synthesis inhibitors BAY x1005 and MK-886 were evaluated in human lung parenchyma challenged with an anti-IgE. The anti-IgE-induced LTE4 release was time- and dose-dependent. Treatment of the parenchyma with indomethacin (3 microM) prior to anti-IgE challenge inhibited the 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto PGF1 alpha) release and enhanced (36%) the quantities of LTE4 detected during IgE-stimulations. BAY x1005 and MK-886 were assessed in the presence of indomethacin (3 microM) and the IC50 values for both inhibitors were similar (0.13 microM). BAY x1005 (1 microM) produced the same percent of inhibition of anti-IgE-induced LTE4 release in the presence or absence of indomethacin. BAY x1005 (1 microM) did not alter the 6-keto PGF1 alpha release during anti-IgE challenge. The results indicate that BAY x1005 and MK-886 are potent inhibitors of LT synthesis when human lung parenchyma were stimulated by an anti-IgE.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gorenne
- CNRS URA 1159, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
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Brooks CD, Summers JB. Modulators of leukotriene biosynthesis and receptor activation. J Med Chem 1996; 39:2629-54. [PMID: 8709092 DOI: 10.1021/jm960088k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C D Brooks
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-3500, USA
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Leukotriene Synthesis Inhibitors of the Quinoline Type: Parameters for the Optimization of Efficacy. Eur J Med Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(23)00143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Hatzelmann A, Fruchtmann R, Mohrs KH, Raddatz S, Matzke M, Pleiss U, Keldenich J, Müller-Peddinghaus R. Mode of action of the leukotriene synthesis (FLAP) inhibitor BAY X 1005: implications for biological regulation of 5-lipoxygenase. AGENTS AND ACTIONS 1994; 43:64-8. [PMID: 7741044 DOI: 10.1007/bf02005767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Five-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition is gaining increasing importance as a novel approach to therapy of allergic asthma and other inflammatory diseases. Presently, two types of inhibitors are known, direct 5-LOX inhibitors (LOI) and the FLAP (five lipoxygenase activating protein) binding leukotriene synthesis inhibitors (LSI). The 5-LOX selective and orally active quinoline LSI, BAY X 1005, shares many mechanistic features with the indole LSI, MK-886. The binding of BAY X 1005 to FLAP correlates with LTB4 synthesis inhibition. BAY X 1005 has been shown to bind to the 18 kD protein FLAP. BAY X 1005 inhibits 5-LOX translocation from the cytosol to membranes and reverses 5-LOX translocation. The use of BAY X 1005 has helped to elucidate part of the complex FLAP/5-LOX interaction by showing that FLAP appears to represent a 5-LOX substrate transfer protein channelling endogenous and exogenous arachidonic acid to the leukotriene synthetizing 5-LOX. This notion presented by our group in 1992 has stimulated further mechanistic studies. These findings have additionally led to the hypothesis that substrate competition is not confined to the LSI/FLAP interaction but may also be true for the LOI/5-LOX interaction and that even mixed LSI/LOI 5-LOX inhibitors are feasible, yet have not been described. Further mechanistic work on LSI will be orientated not only to further elucidate the complex FLAP/5-LOX interaction, but also to identify FLAP-related eicosanoid binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hatzelmann
- Bayer AG, Pharma Research Center, Wuppertal, Germany
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