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Benatzy Y, Palmer MA, Lütjohann D, Ohno RI, Kampschulte N, Schebb NH, Fuhrmann DC, Snodgrass RG, Brüne B. ALOX15B controls macrophage cholesterol homeostasis via lipid peroxidation, ERK1/2 and SREBP2. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103149. [PMID: 38581859 PMCID: PMC11002893 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophage cholesterol homeostasis is crucial for health and disease and has been linked to the lipid-peroxidizing enzyme arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B (ALOX15B), albeit molecular mechanisms remain obscure. We performed global transcriptome and immunofluorescence analysis in ALOX15B-silenced primary human macrophages and observed a reduction of nuclear sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) 2, the master transcription factor of cellular cholesterol biosynthesis. Consequently, SREBP2-target gene expression was reduced as were the sterol biosynthetic intermediates desmosterol and lathosterol as well as 25- and 27-hydroxycholesterol. Mechanistically, suppression of ALOX15B reduced lipid peroxidation in primary human macrophages and thereby attenuated activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK1/2, which lowered SREBP2 abundance and activity. Low nuclear SREBP2 rendered both, ALOX15B-silenced and ERK1/2-inhibited macrophages refractory to SREBP2 activation upon blocking the NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1. These studies suggest a regulatory mechanism controlling macrophage cholesterol homeostasis based on ALOX15B-mediated lipid peroxidation and concomitant ERK1/2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Benatzy
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Megan A Palmer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dieter Lütjohann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rei-Ichi Ohno
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nadja Kampschulte
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Dominik C Fuhrmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Ryan G Snodgrass
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany.
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2
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Ohno R, Mainka M, Kirchhoff R, Hartung NM, Schebb NH. Sterol Derivatives Specifically Increase Anti-Inflammatory Oxylipin Formation in M2-like Macrophages by LXR-Mediated Induction of 15-LOX. Molecules 2024; 29:1745. [PMID: 38675565 PMCID: PMC11052137 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The understanding of the role of LXR in the regulation of macrophages during inflammation is emerging. Here, we show that LXR agonist T09 specifically increases 15-LOX abundance in primary human M2 macrophages. In time- and dose-dependent incubations with T09, an increase of 3-fold for ALOX15 and up to 15-fold for 15-LOX-derived oxylipins was observed. In addition, LXR activation has no or moderate effects on the abundance of macrophage marker proteins such as TLR2, TLR4, PPARγ, and IL-1RII, as well as surface markers (CD14, CD86, and CD163). Stimulation of M2-like macrophages with FXR and RXR agonists leads to moderate ALOX15 induction, probably due to side activity on LXR. Finally, desmosterol, 24(S),25-Ep cholesterol and 22(R)-OH cholesterol were identified as potent endogenous LXR ligands leading to an ALOX15 induction. LXR-mediated ALOX15 regulation is a new link between the two lipid mediator classes sterols, and oxylipins, possibly being an important tool in inflammatory regulation through anti-inflammatory oxylipins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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3
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Wang C, Kaufmann A, Kampschulte N, Elbelt U, Kassner U, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Pietzner A, Schmöcker C, Datta D, Sanpietro T, Schebb NH, Weylandt KH, Rohwer N. Changing from lipoprotein apheresis to evolocumab treatment lowers circulating levels of arachidonic acid and oxylipins. ATHEROSCLEROSIS PLUS 2024; 55:55-62. [PMID: 38390468 PMCID: PMC10881432 DOI: 10.1016/j.athplu.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Background and aims Previous studies have shown that lipoprotein apheresis can modify the plasma lipidome and pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic lipid mediators. This has not been examined for treatment with protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors such as evolocumab, which are increasingly used instead of lipoprotein apheresis in treatment-resistant familial hypercholesterolemia. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of evolocumab treatment and lipoprotein apheresis on the fatty acid profile and on formation of lipid mediators in blood samples. Methods We analyzed blood samples from 37 patients receiving either lipoprotein apheresis or evolocumab treatment as part of a previous study. Patients were stratified according to receiving lipoprotein apheresis (n = 19) and evolocumab treatment (n = 18). Serum fatty acid analysis was performed using gas chromatography flame ionization detection and plasma oxylipin analysis was done using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results Changing from lipoprotein apheresis to evolocumab treatment led to lower levels of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) including arachidonic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and linoleic acid. Moreover, several n-6 PUFA-derived oxylipins were reduced after evolocumab treatment. Conclusions Given that arachidonic acid, either directly or as a precursor, is associated with the development of inflammation and atherosclerosis, evolocumab-mediated reductions of arachidonic acid and its metabolites might have an additional beneficial effect to lower cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxuan Wang
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Medical Department, Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anne Kaufmann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nadja Kampschulte
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ulf Elbelt
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Medical Department, Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- MVZ Endokrinologikum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ursula Kassner
- Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology (including Metabolic Diseases), Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
- Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology (including Metabolic Diseases), Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Pietzner
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christoph Schmöcker
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dev Datta
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, University Hospital Llandough, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Tiziana Sanpietro
- Lipoapheresis Unit, Reference Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Inherited Dyslipidemias, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karsten-H Weylandt
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nadine Rohwer
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
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4
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Rund KM, Carpanedo L, Lauterbach R, Wermund T, West AL, Wende LM, Calder PC, Schebb NH. LC-ESI-HRMS - lipidomics of phospholipids : Characterization of extraction, chromatography and detection parameters. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:925-944. [PMID: 38214704 PMCID: PMC10800306 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Lipids are a diverse class of molecules involved in many biological functions including cell signaling or cell membrane assembly. Owing to this relevance, LC-MS/MS-based lipidomics emerged as a major field in modern analytical chemistry. Here, we thoroughly characterized the influence of MS and LC settings - of a Q Exactive HF operated in Full MS/data-dependent MS2 TOP N acquisition mode - in order to optimize the semi-quantification of polar lipids. Optimization of MS-source settings improved the signal intensity by factor 3 compared to default settings. Polar lipids were separated on an ACQUITY Premier CSH C18 reversed-phase column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm, 130 Å) during an elution window of 28 min, leading to a sufficient number of both data points across the chromatographic peaks, as well as MS2 spectra. Analysis was carried out in positive and negative ionization mode enabling the detection of a broader spectrum of lipids and to support the structural characterization of lipids. Optimal sample preparation of biological samples was achieved by liquid-liquid extraction using MeOH/MTBE resulting in an excellent extraction recovery > 85% with an intra-day and inter-day variability < 15%. The optimized method was applied on the investigation of changes in the phospholipid pattern in plasma from human subjects supplemented with n3-PUFA (20:5 and 22:6). The strongest increase was observed for lipids bearing 20:5, while 22:4 bearing lipids were lowered. Specifically, LPC 20:5_0:0 and PC 16:0_20:5 were found to be strongest elevated, while PE 18:0_22:4 and PC 18:2_18:2 were decreased by n3-PUFA supplementation. These results were confirmed by targeted LC-MS/MS using commercially available phospholipids as standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M Rund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Laura Carpanedo
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Robin Lauterbach
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Tim Wermund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Annette L West
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Luca M Wende
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany.
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5
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Nouwade K, Tfaili S, Prost B, Dakroub H, Solgadi A, Libong D, Paul JL, Fournier N, Chaminade P. Comprehensive analysis of oxylipins using reverse phase liquid chromatography and data dependent acquisition workflow on LTQ-Orbitrap® Velos Pro. Talanta 2024; 266:124921. [PMID: 37454517 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxylipins - involved in inflammatory processes - are reported in several diseases, in biological, pharmacological, and physiological fields. To face the structural complexity of oxylipins, the study of isomers and isobars species relied on Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) and Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) in tandem mass spectrometry such as triple quadrupole, quadrupole-Time of Flight (TOF). Unfortunately, false positive signals in cellular matrix could occur using MRM or SRM mode since the MS/MS spectrum of each molecule is not acquired with the previous mode to help molecule confirmation. Using the versatile ability of LTQ-Orbitrap® Velos Pro mass spectrometer, we developed a novel method based on data dependent acquisition (DDA) workflow for oxylipins analysis. To reach sufficient data points per peak and a better sensitivity to quantify oxylipins traces, an optimization of the acquisition frequency was carried out both on linear trap and Orbitrap analyzers. A segmentation of the chromatographic profile and an optimization of the collision energies by HCD (higher energy collision dissociation) for each eicosanoid increased the acquisition frequency significantly and the detection threshold: around 2 pg for some prostanoids and 0.02-2 pg for some leukotrienes and oxidized species. We validated our method in terms of specificity (RSD <10%), sensitivity, accuracy and precision. The intra and inter-day accuracy were between 86.56% and 114.93%. Besides, a relative standard deviation less than 15% as intra- and inter-day precision were obtained for almost all molecules. A linear range between 2.5 and 12,500 pg was reached. DDA approach on LTQ-Orbitrap® constitutes an alternative to MRM mode on triple quadrupole for eicosanoids quantification in complex matrices. Finally, this method helped us to compare for the first time the amount of prostanoids released by J774 and THP-1 macrophages under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodjo Nouwade
- Lip(Sys)(2) - Chimie Analytique Pharmaceutique, UFR Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Sana Tfaili
- Lip(Sys)(2) - Chimie Analytique Pharmaceutique, UFR Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.
| | - Bastien Prost
- UMS-IPSIT SAMM Facility, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Ingénierie et Plateformes au Service de l'Innovation Thérapeutique, UFR Pharmacie, Orsay, France
| | - Hani Dakroub
- Lip(Sys)(2) - Equipe «athérosclérose et macrophages: impact des phospholipides et des fonctions mitochondriales sur le trafic et l'efflux du cholestérol cellulaire», UFR Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Audrey Solgadi
- UMS-IPSIT SAMM Facility, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Ingénierie et Plateformes au Service de l'Innovation Thérapeutique, UFR Pharmacie, Orsay, France
| | - Danielle Libong
- Lip(Sys)(2) - Chimie Analytique Pharmaceutique, UFR Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France; UMS-IPSIT SAMM Facility, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Ingénierie et Plateformes au Service de l'Innovation Thérapeutique, UFR Pharmacie, Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Louis Paul
- Lip(Sys)(2) - Equipe «athérosclérose et macrophages: impact des phospholipides et des fonctions mitochondriales sur le trafic et l'efflux du cholestérol cellulaire», UFR Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Natalie Fournier
- Lip(Sys)(2) - Equipe «athérosclérose et macrophages: impact des phospholipides et des fonctions mitochondriales sur le trafic et l'efflux du cholestérol cellulaire», UFR Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Pierre Chaminade
- Lip(Sys)(2) - Chimie Analytique Pharmaceutique, UFR Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France; UMS-IPSIT SAMM Facility, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Ingénierie et Plateformes au Service de l'Innovation Thérapeutique, UFR Pharmacie, Orsay, France
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6
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Villain E, Chanson A, Mainka M, Kampschulte N, Le Faouder P, Bertrand-Michel J, Brandolini-Bulon M, Charbit B, Musvosvi M, Bilek N, Scriba TJ, Quintana-Murci L, Schebb NH, Duffy D, Gladine C. Integrated analysis of whole blood oxylipin and cytokine responses after bacterial, viral, and T cell stimulation reveals new immune networks. iScience 2023; 26:107422. [PMID: 37575177 PMCID: PMC10415927 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxylipins are major immunomodulating mediators, yet studies of inflammation focus mainly on cytokines. Here, using a standardized whole-blood stimulation system, we characterized the oxylipin-driven inflammatory responses to various stimuli and their relationships with cytokine responses. We performed a pilot study in 25 healthy individuals using 6 different stimuli: 2 bacterial stimuli (LPS and live BCG), 2 viral stimuli (vaccine-grade poly I:C and live H1N1 attenuated influenza), an enterotoxin superantigen and a Null control. All stimuli induced a strong production of oxylipins but most importantly, bacterial, viral, and T cell immune responses show distinct oxylipin signatures. Integration of the oxylipin and cytokine responses for each condition revealed new immune networks improving our understanding of inflammation regulation. Finally, the oxylipin responses and oxylipin-cytokine networks were compared in patients with active tuberculosis or with latent infection. This revealed different responses to BCG but not LPS stimulation highlighting new regulatory pathways for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Villain
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Translational Immunology Unit, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Chanson
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Malwina Mainka
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nadja Kampschulte
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Pauline Le Faouder
- MetaToul, MetaboHUB, Inserm/UPS UMR 1048-I2MC, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- MetaToul, MetaboHUB, Inserm/UPS UMR 1048-I2MC, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Brandolini-Bulon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme D’Exploration Du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Charbit
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CBUTechS, Paris, France
| | - Munyaradzi Musvosvi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicole Bilek
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas J. Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Paris, France
- Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Translational Immunology Unit, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CBUTechS, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Gladine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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7
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Rohwer N, Jelleschitz J, Höhn A, Weber D, Kühl AA, Wang C, Ohno RI, Kampschulte N, Pietzner A, Schebb NH, Weylandt KH, Grune T. Prevention of colitis-induced liver oxidative stress and inflammation in a transgenic mouse model with increased omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102803. [PMID: 37392516 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated gut dysfunction, which might also be associated with an inflammatory phenotype in the liver. It is known that the nutritional intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) is inversely correlated to the severity and occurrence of IBD. In order to investigate whether n-3 PUFA can also reduce liver inflammation and oxidative liver damage due to colon inflammation, we explored the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model in wild-type and fat-1 mice with endogenously increased n-3 PUFA tissue content. Besides confirming previous data of alleviated DSS-induced colitis in the fat-1 mouse model, the increase of n-3 PUFA also resulted in a significant reduction of liver inflammation and oxidative damage in colitis-affected fat-1 mice as compared to wild-type littermates. This was accompanied by a remarkable increase of established inflammation-dampening n-3 PUFA oxylipins, namely docosahexaenoic acid-derived 19,20-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid-derived 15-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid and 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Taken together, these observations demonstrate a strong inverse correlation between the anti-inflammatory lipidome derived from n-3 PUFA and the colitis-triggered inflammatory changes in the liver by reducing oxidative liver stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Rohwer
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany; Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Julia Jelleschitz
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Annika Höhn
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Anja A Kühl
- iPATH.Berlin-Immunopathology for Experimental Models, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chaoxuan Wang
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany; Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Medical Department, Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rei-Ichi Ohno
- University of Wuppertal, Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nadja Kampschulte
- University of Wuppertal, Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Anne Pietzner
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany; Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- University of Wuppertal, Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karsten-H Weylandt
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany; Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany.
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8
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Biagini D, Ghimenti S, Lenzi A, Bonini A, Vivaldi F, Oger C, Galano JM, Balas L, Durand T, Salvo P, Di Francesco F, Lomonaco T. Salivary lipid mediators: Key indexes of inflammation regulation in heart failure disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 201:55-65. [PMID: 36940734 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of premature death and disability in humans and their incidence continues to increase. Oxidative stress and inflammation have been recognized as key pathophysiological factors in cardiovascular events. The targeted modulation of the endogenous mechanisms of inflammation, rather than its simple suppression, will become key in treating chronic inflammatory diseases. A comprehensive characterization of the signalling molecules involved in inflammation, such as endogenous lipid mediators, is thus needed. Here, we propose a powerful MS-based platform for the simultaneous quantitation of sixty salivary lipid mediators in CVD samples. Saliva, which represents a non-invasive and painless alternative to blood, was collected from patients suffering from acute and chronic heart failure (AHF and CHF, respectively), obesity and hypertension. Of all the patients, those with AHF and hypertension showed higher levels of isoprostanoids, which are key indexes of oxidant insult. Compared to the obese population, AHF patients showed lower levels (p < 0.02) of antioxidant omega-3 fatty acids, in line with the "malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome" typical of HF patients. At hospital admission, AHF patients showed significantly higher levels (p < 0.001) of omega-3 DPA and lower levels (p < 0.04) of lipoxin B4 than CHF patients, suggesting a lipid rearrangement typical of the failing heart during acute decompensation. If confirmed, our results highlight the potential use of lipid mediators as predictive markers of re-acutisation episodes, thus providing opportunities for preventive intervention and a reduction in hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Biagini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvia Ghimenti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessio Lenzi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Bonini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 35-39, Pisa, 56100, Italy
| | - Federico Vivaldi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247 CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247 CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, France
| | - Laurence Balas
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247 CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247 CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, France
| | - Pietro Salvo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Francesco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Lomonaco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
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9
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Richter FC, Friedrich M, Kampschulte N, Piletic K, Alsaleh G, Zummach R, Hecker J, Pohin M, Ilott N, Guschina I, Wideman SK, Johnson E, Borsa M, Hahn P, Morriseau C, Hammock BD, Schipper HS, Edwards CM, Zechner R, Siegmund B, Weidinger C, Schebb NH, Powrie F, Simon AK. Adipocyte autophagy limits gut inflammation by controlling oxylipin and IL-10. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112202. [PMID: 36795015 PMCID: PMC10015370 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids play a major role in inflammatory diseases by altering inflammatory cell functions, either through their function as energy substrates or as lipid mediators such as oxylipins. Autophagy, a lysosomal degradation pathway that limits inflammation, is known to impact on lipid availability, however, whether this controls inflammation remains unexplored. We found that upon intestinal inflammation visceral adipocytes upregulate autophagy and that adipocyte-specific loss of the autophagy gene Atg7 exacerbates inflammation. While autophagy decreased lipolytic release of free fatty acids, loss of the major lipolytic enzyme Pnpla2/Atgl in adipocytes did not alter intestinal inflammation, ruling out free fatty acids as anti-inflammatory energy substrates. Instead, Atg7-deficient adipose tissues exhibited an oxylipin imbalance, driven through an NRF2-mediated upregulation of Ephx1. This shift reduced secretion of IL-10 from adipose tissues, which was dependent on the cytochrome P450-EPHX pathway, and lowered circulating levels of IL-10 to exacerbate intestinal inflammation. These results suggest an underappreciated fat-gut crosstalk through an autophagy-dependent regulation of anti-inflammatory oxylipins via the cytochrome P450-EPHX pathway, indicating a protective effect of adipose tissues for distant inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Friedrich
- Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe HospitalUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Nadja Kampschulte
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of WuppertalWuppertalGermany
| | - Klara Piletic
- Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Ghada Alsaleh
- Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - Julia Hecker
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and RheumatologyCampus Benjamin FranklinBerlinGermany
| | - Mathilde Pohin
- Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Nicholas Ilott
- Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - Sarah Karin Wideman
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe HospitalUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Errin Johnson
- The Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Mariana Borsa
- Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Paula Hahn
- Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Christophe Morriseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA
| | - Henk Simon Schipper
- Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Center for Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Claire M Edwards
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research CentreUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Botnar Research CentreUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Rudolf Zechner
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and RheumatologyCampus Benjamin FranklinBerlinGermany
| | - Carl Weidinger
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and RheumatologyCampus Benjamin FranklinBerlinGermany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of WuppertalWuppertalGermany
| | - Fiona Powrie
- Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Anna Katharina Simon
- Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Max Delbrück CenterBerlinGermany
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10
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de Marco Castro E, Kampschulte N, Murphy CH, Schebb NH, Roche HM. Oxylipin status, before and after LC n-3 PUFA supplementation, has little relationship with skeletal muscle biology in older adults at risk of sarcopenia. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2023; 189:102531. [PMID: 36645979 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxylipins form endogenously via the oxygenation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC PUFA). Several oxylipins are highly bioactive molecules and are believed to be key mediators of LC PUFA metabolism in the body. However, little is known in relation to whether oxylipins mediate alterations in skeletal muscle mass and function. The objective of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between the oxylipin profile and skeletal muscle biology in healthy older adults at risk of sarcopenia and determine if this changes in response to LC n-3 PUFA supplementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This exploratory study investigated the baseline correlations between LC n-3, n-6 and n-9 PUFA-derived oxylipins and markers of muscle biology. For this, the concentration of 79 free (i.e., non-esterified) oxylipins was quantified in human plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and retrospectively correlated to phenotypic outcomes obtained pre-intervention from the NUTRIMAL study (n = 49). After examining the baseline relationship, the potential effect of supplementation (LC n-3 PUFA or an isoenergetic control made of high-oleic sunflower and corn oil) was evaluated by correlating the change in oxylipins concentration and the change in markers of skeletal muscle biology. The relationship between oxylipins pre- and post-intervention and their parent PUFA were also examined. RESULTS At baseline, the hydroxy product of mead acid (n-9 PUFA), 5-HETrE, was negatively correlated to the phenotypic parameters appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) (p = 0.003, r=-0.41), skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) (p = 0.001, r=-0.46), handgrip strength (HGS) (p<0.001, r = 0.48) and isometric knee extension (p<0.001, r=-0.48). Likewise, LC n-6 PUFA hydroxy‑PUFA were negatively correlated to HGS (i.e., 12-HETrE, p = 0.002, r=-0.42, and 5- and 11-HETE, p = 0.006, r=-0.47 and p<0.001, r=-0.50 respectively), single leg stand time (i.e., 12-HETrE, p = 0.006, r=-0.39 and 16-HETE, p = 0.002, r=-0.43), and five-time-sit-to-stand test (FTST) performance (16-HETE, p = 0.006, r = 0.39), and positively correlated to gait speed (i.e., 12-HETrE, p = 0.007, r = 0.38 and 16-HETE, p = 0.006, r = 0.39). LC n-3 PUFA supplementation increased eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) derived oxylipins and reduced n-6 PUFA derived oxylipins. Parameters of skeletal muscle mass and strength were not significantly altered in either LC n-3 PUFA or placebo groups. Changes in plasma oxylipins concentrations were closely related to changes in their parent PUFA, assessed in the erythrocyte membrane, but were not associated with any changes in skeletal muscle parameters. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION At baseline, the status n-9 (5-HETrE) and n-6 PUFA derivates [12-HETrE, and 5-, 11- and 16-HETE], but not n-3 PUFA derived oxylipins, were associated with poor skeletal muscle health parameters (i.e., mass and strength). However, these correlations were no longer present when correlating relative changes from pre to post timepoints. An independent cohort validation is needed to explore baseline correlations further. Further research is warranted to assess other biological mechanisms by which LC n-3 PUFA might affect muscle biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E de Marco Castro
- UCD Conway Institute & UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N Kampschulte
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - C H Murphy
- Agrifood Business and Spatial Analysis, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, 15, Ireland
| | - N H Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - H M Roche
- UCD Conway Institute & UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, Belfast, UK.
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11
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Hartung NM, Mainka M, Pfaff R, Kuhn M, Biernacki S, Zinnert L, Schebb NH. Development of a quantitative proteomics approach for cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases in parallel to quantitative oxylipin analysis allowing the comprehensive investigation of the arachidonic acid cascade. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:913-933. [PMID: 36683060 PMCID: PMC9883352 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04489-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxylipins derived from the cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways of the arachidonic acid (ARA) cascade are essential for the regulation of the inflammatory response and many other physiological functions. Comprehensive analytical methods comprised of oxylipin and protein abundance analysis are required to fully understand mechanisms leading to changes within these pathways. Here, we describe the development of a quantitative multi-omics approach combining liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based targeted oxylipin metabolomics and proteomics. As the first targeted proteomics method to cover these pathways, it enables the quantitative analysis of all human COX (COX-1 and COX-2) and relevant LOX pathway enzymes (5-LOX, 12-LOX, 15-LOX, 15-LOX-2, and FLAP) in parallel to the analysis of 239 oxylipins with our targeted oxylipin metabolomics method from a single sample. The detailed comparison between MRM3 and classical MRM-based detection in proteomics showed increased selectivity for MRM3, while MRM performed better in terms of sensitivity (LLOQ, 16-122 pM vs. 75-840 pM for the same peptides), linear range (up to 1.5-7.4 μM vs. 4-368 nM), and multiplexing capacities. Thus, the MRM mode was more favorable for this pathway analysis. With this sensitive multi-omics approach, we comprehensively characterized oxylipin and protein patterns in the human monocytic cell line THP-1 and differently polarized primary macrophages. Finally, the quantification of changes in protein and oxylipin levels induced by lipopolysaccharide stimulation and pharmaceutical treatment demonstrates its usefulness to study molecular modes of action involved in the modulation of the ARA cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Hartung
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Malwina Mainka
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Rebecca Pfaff
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michael Kuhn
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sebastian Biernacki
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Lilli Zinnert
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany.
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12
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Paluchova V, Cajka T, Durand T, Vigor C, Dodia C, Chatterjee S, Fisher AB, Kuda O. The role of peroxiredoxin 6 in biosynthesis of FAHFAs. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:787-794. [PMID: 36403738 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) is a multifunctional enzyme, a unique member of the peroxiredoxin family, with an important role in antioxidant defense. Moreover, it has also been linked with the biosynthesis of anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic lipids called fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) and many diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. Here, we performed metabolomic and lipidomic profiling of subcutaneous adipose tissue from mouse models with genetically modified Prdx6. Deletion of Prdx6 resulted in reduced levels of FAHFAs containing 13-hydroxylinoleic acid (13-HLA). Mutation of Prdx6 C47S impaired the glutathione peroxidase activity and reduced FAHFA levels, while D140A mutation, responsible for phospholipase A2 activity, showed only minor effects. Targeted analysis of oxidized phospholipids and triacylglycerols in adipocytes highlighted a correlation between FAHFA and hydroxy fatty acid production by Prdx6 or glutathione peroxidase 4. FAHFA regioisomer abundance was negatively affected by the Prdx6 deletion, and this effect was more pronounced in longer and more unsaturated FAHFAs. The predicted protein model of Prdx6 suggested that the monomer-dimer transition mechanism might be involved in the repair of longer-chain peroxidized phospholipids bound over two monomers and that the role of Prdx6 in FAHFA synthesis might be restricted to branching positions further from carbon 9. In conclusion, our work linked the peroxidase activity of Prdx6 with the levels of FAHFAs in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Paluchova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 32, Prague, 12108, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Cajka
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, CNRS, ENSCM, University Montpellier, 34093, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, CNRS, ENSCM, University Montpellier, 34093, Montpellier, France
| | - Chandra Dodia
- Institute for Environmental Medicine of the Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, 1 John Morgan Building, USA
| | - Shampa Chatterjee
- Institute for Environmental Medicine of the Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, 1 John Morgan Building, USA
| | - Aron B Fisher
- Institute for Environmental Medicine of the Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, 1 John Morgan Building, USA
| | - Ondrej Kuda
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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13
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Koch E, Wiebel M, Löwen A, Willenberg I, Schebb NH. Characterization of the Oxylipin Pattern and Other Fatty Acid Oxidation Products in Freshly Pressed and Stored Plant Oils. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12935-12945. [PMID: 36173729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic and nonenzymatic oxidation of linoleic (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) during pressing and storage of plant oils leads to a variety of oxylipins. We pressed oils from flaxseeds, rapeseeds, and sunflower seeds and analyzed the oxylipin pattern in freshly pressed oils. 9-/13-Hydro(pero)xy-LA/-ALA occurred in high concentration resulting probably from lipoxygenase-catalyzed reactions as well as autoxidation and photooxidation. However, in flaxseed and rapeseed oil, the highest concentrations were found for the terminal epoxy-ALA (15(16)-EpODE) and the hardly known 15-hydroxy-LA (15-HODE, 80 mg/100 g in flaxseed oil). Oils were stored for 6 months and the peroxide value (PV) as well as oxylipin and secondary volatile aldehyde concentrations were determined. While lipid peroxidation in flaxseed oil was surprisingly low, the oxylipin concentration and PV massively increased in rapeseed oil dependent on oxygen availability. Oxylipin concentrations correlated well with the PV, while secondary volatile aldehydes did not reflect the changes of oxylipins and PVs. The comprehensive analysis of hydroxy-, epoxy-, and dihydroxy-LA/-ALA reveals new and unique insights into the composition of plant oils and ongoing oxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Koch
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michelle Wiebel
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ariane Löwen
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ina Willenberg
- Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals, Max Rubner-Institut (MRI) - Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Schützenberg 12, 32756 Detmold, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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14
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Dalle C, Tournayre J, Mainka M, Basiak-Rasała A, Pétéra M, Lefèvre-Arbogast S, Dalloux-Chioccioli J, Deschasaux-Tanguy M, Lécuyer L, Kesse-Guyot E, Fezeu LK, Hercberg S, Galan P, Samieri C, Zatońska K, Calder PC, Fiil Hjorth M, Astrup A, Mazur A, Bertrand-Michel J, Schebb NH, Szuba A, Touvier M, Newman JW, Gladine C. The Plasma Oxylipin Signature Provides a Deep Phenotyping of Metabolic Syndrome Complementary to the Clinical Criteria. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911688. [PMID: 36232991 PMCID: PMC9570185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition encompassing a constellation of cardiometabolic abnormalities. Oxylipins are a superfamily of lipid mediators regulating many cardiometabolic functions. Plasma oxylipin signature could provide a new clinical tool to enhance the phenotyping of MetS pathophysiology. A high-throughput validated mass spectrometry method, allowing for the quantitative profiling of over 130 oxylipins, was applied to identify and validate the oxylipin signature of MetS in two independent nested case/control studies involving 476 participants. We identified an oxylipin signature of MetS (coined OxyScore), including 23 oxylipins and having high performances in classification and replicability (cross-validated AUCROC of 89%, 95% CI: 85–93% and 78%, 95% CI: 72–85% in the Discovery and Replication studies, respectively). Correlation analysis and comparison with a classification model incorporating the MetS criteria showed that the oxylipin signature brings consistent and complementary information to the clinical criteria. Being linked with the regulation of various biological processes, the candidate oxylipins provide an integrative phenotyping of MetS regarding the activation and/or negative feedback regulation of crucial molecular pathways. This may help identify patients at higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The oxylipin signature of patients with metabolic syndrome enhances MetS phenotyping and may ultimately help to better stratify the risk of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Dalle
- UNH, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jérémy Tournayre
- UNH, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Malwina Mainka
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Alicja Basiak-Rasała
- Department of Social Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mélanie Pétéra
- Plateforme d’Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, UNH, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sophie Lefèvre-Arbogast
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Université de Bordeaux, INSERMUMR 1219, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jessica Dalloux-Chioccioli
- MetaToul, MetaboHUB, Inserm/UPS UMR 1048-I2MC, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Lucie Lécuyer
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Léopold K. Fezeu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Cécilia Samieri
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Université de Bordeaux, INSERMUMR 1219, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Katarzyna Zatońska
- Department of Social Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Philip C. Calder
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Mads Fiil Hjorth
- Obesity and Nutritional Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Arne Astrup
- Obesity and Nutritional Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - André Mazur
- UNH, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- MetaToul, MetaboHUB, Inserm/UPS UMR 1048-I2MC, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Andrzej Szuba
- Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - John W. Newman
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- University of California Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Cécile Gladine
- UNH, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-473-624-230
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15
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Portulaca oleracea, a rich source of polar lipids: Chemical profile by LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MS/MS n and in vitro preliminary anti-inflammatory activity. Food Chem 2022; 388:132968. [PMID: 35447587 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Considering the ongoing interest in foods rich in nutrients like polyunsaturated fatty acids and bioactive polar lipids, the chemical and biological investigation of Portulaca oleracea (purslane), a herbaceous plant typically appreciated in Mediterranean and Asiatic diet, was carried out. The LC-ESI/HRMS/MSn analysis of extracts and lipid enriched fractions of purslane edible parts provided a comprehensive polar lipid profile, ranging from linear and cyclic oxylipins to high molecular weight lipids including glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids. The evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential by in vitro reporter gene assays highlighted the ability of purslane lipid enriched fractions, at a concentration of 20 µg/ml, to inhibit the TNF-α-stimulated NF-kB pathway by 30-40% and to activate PPAR-ɣ and Nrf2 transcription factors to the same extent or more than the positive control, respectively. Altogether, these results encourage to revalue purslane in human nutrition as a source of bioactive polar lipids.
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16
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Vigor C, Balas L, Guy A, Bultel-Poncé V, Reversat G, Galano JM, Durand T, Oger C. Isoprostanoids, Isofuranoids and Isoketals ‐ From Synthesis to Lipidomics. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Bioactive Lipid Synthesis Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier FRANCE
| | - Laurence Balas
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Bioactive Lipids Synthesis Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier FRANCE
| | - Alexandre Guy
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Bioactive Lipids Synthesis Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier FRANCE
| | - Valérie Bultel-Poncé
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Bioactive Lipids Synthesis Pôle Chimie Balard1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier FRENCH POLYNESIA
| | - Guillaume Reversat
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Bioactive Lipids Synthesis Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier FRANCE
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Bioactive Lipids Synthesis Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier FRANCE
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Bioactive Lipids Synthesis Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier FRANCE
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Bioactive Lipids Synthesis Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier FRANCE
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17
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Mainka M, George S, Angioni C, Ebert R, Goebel T, Kampschulte N, Krommes A, Weigert A, Thomas D, Schebb NH, Steinhilber D, Kahnt AS. On the biosynthesis of specialized pro-resolving mediators in human neutrophils and the influence of cell integrity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1867:159093. [PMID: 34942381 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are key players in inflammation initiation and resolution. Little attention has been paid to the detailed biosynthesis of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) in these cells. We investigated SPM formation in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), in broken PMNL preparations and recombinant human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) supplemented with the SPM precursor lipids 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), 18-Hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) or 17-Hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA). In addition, the influence of 5-LO activating protein (FLAP) inhibition on SPM formation in PMNL was assessed. Intact human PMNL preferred ARA over DHA for lipid mediator formation. In contrast, in incubations supplemented with the SPM precursor lipids DHA-derived 17-HDHA was preferred over 15-HETE and 18-HEPE. SPM formation in the cells was dominated by 5(S),15(S)-diHETE (800 pmol/20 mio cells) and Resolvin D5 (2300 pmol/20 mio cells). Formation of lipoxins (<10 pmol/20 mio cells), E-series (<70 pmol/20 mio cells) and other D-series resolvins (<20 pmol/20 mio cells) was low and only detected after addition of the precursor lipids. Upon destruction of cell integrity, formation of lipoxins and 5(S),15(S)-diHETE increased while formation of 17-HDHA- and 18-HEPE-derived SPMs was attenuated. Recombinant 5-LO did not accept the precursors for SPM formation and FLAP inhibition prevented the formation of the 5-LO-dependent SPMs. Together with the data on FLAP inhibition our results point to unknown factors that control SPM formation in human neutrophils and also render lipoxin and 5(S),15(S)-diHETE formation independent of membrane association and FLAP when cellular integrity is destroyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Mainka
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sven George
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Carlo Angioni
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, ZAFES, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Roland Ebert
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Tamara Goebel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Nadja Kampschulte
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Andre Krommes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, ZAFES, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Astrid Stefanie Kahnt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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18
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Knock-In Mice Expressing a 15-Lipoxygenating Alox5 Mutant Respond Differently to Experimental Inflammation Than Reported Alox5-/- Mice. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11100698. [PMID: 34677413 PMCID: PMC8538363 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes. We recently created knock-in mice (Alox5-KI) which express an arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenating Alox5 mutant instead of the 5-lipoxygenating wildtype enzyme. These mice were leukotriene deficient but exhibited an elevated linoleic acid oxygenase activity. Here we characterized the polyenoic fatty acid metabolism of these mice in more detail and tested the animals in three different experimental inflammation models. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), Alox5-KI mice displayed an earlier disease onset and a significantly higher cumulative incidence rate than wildtype controls but the clinical score kinetics were not significantly different. In dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis (DSS) and in the chronic constriction nerve injury model (CCI), Alox5-KI mice performed like wildtype controls with similar genetic background. These results were somewhat surprising since in previous loss-of-function studies targeting leukotriene biosynthesis (Alox5−/− mice, inhibitor studies), more severe inflammatory symptoms were observed in the EAE model but the degree of inflammation in DSS colitis was attenuated. Taken together, our data indicate that these mutant Alox5-KI mice respond differently in two models of experimental inflammation than Alox5−/− animals tested previously in similar experimental setups.
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19
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Koch E, Hopmann C, Fröhlich LF, Schebb NH. Fatty acid and oxylipin concentration differ markedly between different fetal bovine serums: A cautionary note. Lipids 2021; 56:613-616. [PMID: 34435366 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fetal bovine serum (FBS) has been used as a universal supplement in cell culture for more than six decades. This includes the investigation of lipid and lipid mediator formation and biology. Little is known about the (polyunsaturated) fatty acid composition and their oxidation products in FBS. Therefore, we analyzed six different FBS purchased from three different companies regarding their fatty acid and oxylipin concentrations. We found pronounced differences in the fatty acid concentrations. Even two batches of "standardized" FBS batches from one company showed drastic differences (e.g., for eicosapentaenoic acid 5 ± 1 μM vs. 11 ± 1 μM). Oxylipin concentrations also markedly differ between the FBS lots. The highest differences were found for 12-lipoxygenase products (e.g., 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid free 21-87 nM and total 58-108 nM), probably due to inconsistent serum generation procedures. Our results indicate that for cell culture studies dealing with lipid metabolism, researchers should carefully characterize their used FBS to ensure reliability and reproducibility of study outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Koch
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Carolin Hopmann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Laura-Fabienne Fröhlich
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
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20
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Koch E, Wiebel M, Hopmann C, Kampschulte N, Schebb NH. Rapid quantification of fatty acids in plant oils and biological samples by LC-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5439-5451. [PMID: 34296318 PMCID: PMC8405509 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of fatty acids (FA) in food and biological samples such as blood is indispensable in modern life sciences. We developed a rapid, sensitive and comprehensive method for the quantification of 41 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids by means of LC-MS. Optimized chromatographic separation of isobaric analytes was carried out on a C8 reversed phase analytical column (100 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 μm core–shell particle) with a total run time of 15 min with back pressure lower than 300 bar. On an old triple quadrupole instrument (3200, AB Sciex), pseudo selected reaction monitoring mode was used for quantification of the poorly fragmenting FA, yielding limits of detection of 5–100 nM. Sample preparation was carried out by removal of phospholipids and triglycerides by solid-phase extraction (non-esterified fatty acids in oils) or saponification in iso-propanol (fatty acyls). This is not only a rapid strategy for quantification of fatty acyls, but allows the direct combination with the LC-MS-based analysis of fatty acid oxidation products (eicosanoids and other oxylipins) from the same sample. The concentrations of fatty acyls determined by means of LC-MS were consistent with those from GC-FID analysis demonstrating the accuracy of the developed method. Moreover, the method shows high precisions with a low intra-day (≤ 10% for almost all fatty acids in plasma and ≤ 15% in oils) and inter-day as well as inter-operator variability (< 20%). The method was successfully applied on human plasma and edible oils. The possibility to quantify non-esterified fatty acids in samples containing an excess of triacylglycerols and phospholipids is a major strength of the described approach allowing to gain new insights in the composition of biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Koch
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michelle Wiebel
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Carolin Hopmann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nadja Kampschulte
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany.
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21
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D'Urso G, Napolitano A, Cannavacciuolo C, Masullo M, Piacente S. Okra fruit: LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MS/MS n based deep insight on polar lipids and specialized metabolites with evaluation of anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic activity. Food Funct 2021; 11:7856-7865. [PMID: 32812570 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00867b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Okra is a vegetable crop very popular in tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions of the world for its edible fruit. Nowadays, this species can be easily found in European local markets, as a basic ingredient in many local and traditional dishes. Considering the extensive and spread use of okra fruits, to achieve deep insight on its chemical composition the analysis of the polar extract by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to multiple-stage linear ion-trap and orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry in negative electrospray ionization mode was carried out. By this approach, 39 metabolites belonging to different polar lipid classes, such as oxylipins, phospholipids, glycolipids, and sphingolipids, were putatively identified for the first time in A. esculentus. Moreover, LC-HRMS/MS analyses guided the isolation and characterization by NMR experiments of 19 specialized metabolites belonging to phenolic acid and flavonoid classes, 8 of them never reported before in A. esculentus. Finally, antioxidant activity and inhibition of α-glucosidase activity were assayed, suggesting a good anti-oxidant anti-hyperglycemic activity for okra fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda D'Urso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Assunta Napolitano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Ciro Cannavacciuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Milena Masullo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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22
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Rohwer N, Chiu CY, Huang D, Smyl C, Rothe M, Rund KM, Helge Schebb N, Kühn H, Weylandt KH. Omega-3 fatty acids protect from colitis via an Alox15-derived eicosanoid. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21491. [PMID: 33710695 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002340rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An increased omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) tissue status can lead to a significant formation of anti-inflammatory lipid mediators and effective reduction in inflammation and tissue injury in murine colitis. Arachidonic acid lipoxygenases (ALOX) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease as well as in the formation of pro- and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators. To explore the role of Alox15 in the protective response found in fat1 transgenic mice with endogenously increased n-3 PUFA tissue status fat1 transgenic mice were crossed with Alox15-deficient animals and challenged in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)- and the 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model. Transgenic fat1 mice rich in endogenous n-3 PUFAs were protected from colitis. However, additional systemic inactivation of the Alox15 gene counteracted this protective effect. To explore the molecular basis for this effect Alox15 lipid metabolites derived from n-3 PUFA were analyzed in the different mice. Alox15 deficiency suppressed the formation of n-3 PUFA-derived 15-hydroxy eicosapentaenoic acid (15-HEPE). In contrast, treating mice with intraperitoneal injections of 15S-HEPE protected wild-type mice from DSS- and TNBS-induced colitis. These data suggest that the anti-colitis effect of increased n-3 PUFA in the transgenic fat1 mouse model is mediated in part via Alox15-derived 15-HEPE formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Rohwer
- Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, Ruppin General Hospital, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany.,Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus - Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Division of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Cheng-Ying Chiu
- Division of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dan Huang
- Division of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Smyl
- Division of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Katharina M Rund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kühn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karsten-Henrich Weylandt
- Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, Ruppin General Hospital, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany.,Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus - Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Division of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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23
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Moving forward with isoprostanes, neuroprostanes and phytoprostanes: where are we now? Essays Biochem 2021; 64:463-484. [PMID: 32602531 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential components in eukaryotic cell membrane. They take part in the regulation of cell signalling pathways and act as precursors in inflammatory metabolism. Beside these, PUFAs auto-oxidize through free radical initiated mechanism and release key products that have various physiological functions. These products surfaced in the early nineties and were classified as prostaglandin isomers or isoprostanes, neuroprostanes and phytoprostanes. Although these molecules are considered robust biomarkers of oxidative damage in diseases, they also contain biological activities in humans. Conceptual progress in the last 3 years has added more understanding about the importance of these molecules in different fields. In this chapter, a brief overview of the past 30 years and the recent scope of these molecules, including their biological activities, biosynthetic pathways and analytical approaches are discussed.
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24
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Putman AK, Contreras GA, Sordillo LM. Isoprostanes in Veterinary Medicine: Beyond a Biomarker. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020145. [PMID: 33498324 PMCID: PMC7909258 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been associated with many pathologies, in both human and animal medicine. Damage to tissue components such as lipids is a defining feature of oxidative stress and can lead to the generation of many oxidized products, including isoprostanes (IsoP). First recognized in the early 1990s, IsoP are formed in numerous biological fluids and tissues, chemically stable, and easily measured by noninvasive means. Additionally, IsoP are highly specific indicators of lipid peroxidation and thereby are regarded as excellent biomarkers of oxidative stress. Although there have been many advancements in the detection and use of IsoP as a biomarker, there is still a paucity of knowledge regarding the biological activity of these molecules and their potential roles in pathology of oxidative stress. Furthermore, the use of IsoP has been limited in veterinary species thus far and represents an avenue of opportunity for clinical applications in veterinary practice. Examples of clinical applications of IsoP in veterinary medicine include use as a novel biomarker to guide treatment recommendations or as a target to mitigate inflammatory processes. This review will discuss the history, biosynthesis, measurement, use as a biomarker, and biological action of IsoP, particularly in the context of veterinary medicine.
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25
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Andries A, Rozenski J, Vermeersch P, Mekahli D, Van Schepdael A. Recent progress in the LC-MS/MS analysis of oxidative stress biomarkers. Electrophoresis 2020; 42:402-428. [PMID: 33280143 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a dynamic and balanced equilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species and the in-house antioxidant defense mechanisms is characteristic for a healthy body. During oxidative stress (OS), this balance is switched to increased production of ROS and RNS, exceeding the capacity of physiological antioxidant systems. This can cause damage to biological molecules, leading to loss of function and even cell death. Nowadays, there is increasing scientific and clinical interest in OS and the associated parameters to measure the degree of OS in biofluids. An increasing number of reports using LC-MS/MS methods for the analysis of OS biomarkers can be found. Since bioanalysis is usually complicated by matrix effects, various types of cleanup procedures are used to effectively separate the biomarkers from the matrix. This is an essential part of the analysis to prepare a reproducible and homogenous solution suitable for injection onto the column. The present review gives a summary of the chromatographic methods used for the determination of OS biomarkers in both urine and plasma, serum, and whole blood samples. The first part mainly describes the biological background of the different OS biomarkers, while the second part reports examples of chromatographic methods for the analysis of different metabolites connected with OS in biofluids, covering a period from 2015 till early 2020. The selected examples mainly include LC-MS/MS methods for isoprostanes, oxidized proteins, oxidized lipoproteins, and DNA/RNA biomarkers. The last part explains the clinical relevance of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmin Andries
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jef Rozenski
- KU Leuven - Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vermeersch
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Metabolic Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Djalila Mekahli
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Pediatrics, PKD group, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Esselun C, Dilberger B, Silaidos CV, Koch E, Schebb NH, Eckert GP. A Walnut Diet in Combination with Enriched Environment Improves Cognitive Function and Affects Lipid Metabolites in Brain and Liver of Aged NMRI Mice. Neuromolecular Med 2020; 23:140-160. [PMID: 33367957 PMCID: PMC7929966 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-020-08639-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This in vivo study aimed to test if a diet enriched with 6% walnuts alone or in combination with physical activity supports healthy ageing by changing the oxylipin profile in brain and liver, improving motor function, cognition, and cerebral mitochondrial function. Female NMRI mice were fed a 6% walnut diet starting at an age of 12 months for 24 weeks. One group was additionally maintained in an enriched environment, one group without intervention served as control. After three months, one additional control group of young mice (3 weeks old) was introduced. Motor and cognitive functions were measured using Open Field, Y-Maze, Rotarod and Passive Avoidance tests. Lipid metabolite profiles were determined using RP-LC-ESI(-)-MS/MS in brain and liver tissues of mice. Cerebral mitochondrial function was characterized by the determination of ATP levels, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial respiration. Expression of genes involved with mito- and neurogenesis, inflammation, and synaptic plasticity were determined using qRT-PCR. A 6% walnut-enriched diet alone improved spatial memory in a Y-Maze alternation test (p < 0.05) in mice. Additional physical enrichment enhanced the significance, although the overall benefit was virtually identical. Instead, physical enrichment improved motor performance in a Rotarod experiment (p* < 0.05) which was unaffected by walnuts alone. Bioactive oxylipins like hydroxy-polyunsaturated fatty acids (OH-PUFA) derived from linoleic acid (LA) were significantly increased in brain (p** < 0.01) and liver (p*** < 0.0001) compared to control mice, while OH-PUFA of α-linolenic acid (ALA) could only be detected in the brains of mice fed with walnuts. In the brain, walnuts combined with physical activity reduced arachidonic acid (ARA)-based oxylipin levels (p < 0.05). Effects of walnut lipids were not linked to mitochondrial function, as ATP production, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial respiration were unaffected. Furthermore, common markers for synaptic plasticity and neuronal growth, key genes in the regulation of cytoprotective response to oxidative stress and neuronal growth were unaffected. Taken together, walnuts change the oxylipin profile in liver and brain, which could have beneficial effects for healthy ageing, an effect that can be further enhanced with an active lifestyle. Further studies may focus on specific nutrient lipids that potentially provide preventive effects in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Esselun
- Laboratory for Nutrition in Prevention and Therapy, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dilberger
- Laboratory for Nutrition in Prevention and Therapy, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Carmina V Silaidos
- Laboratory for Nutrition in Prevention and Therapy, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Koch
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Gunter P Eckert
- Laboratory for Nutrition in Prevention and Therapy, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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27
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Snodgrass RG, Benatzy Y, Schmid T, Namgaladze D, Mainka M, Schebb NH, Lütjohann D, Brüne B. Efferocytosis potentiates the expression of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) in alternatively activated human macrophages through LXR activation. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:1301-1316. [PMID: 33177619 PMCID: PMC8027700 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages acquire anti-inflammatory and proresolving functions to facilitate resolution of inflammation and promote tissue repair. While alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs), also referred to as M2 macrophages, polarized by type 2 (Th2) cytokines IL-4 or IL-13 contribute to the suppression of inflammatory responses and play a pivotal role in wound healing, contemporaneous exposure to apoptotic cells (ACs) potentiates the expression of anti-inflammatory and tissue repair genes. Given that liver X receptors (LXRs), which coordinate sterol metabolism and immune cell function, play an essential role in the clearance of ACs, we investigated whether LXR activation following engulfment of ACs selectively potentiates the expression of Th2 cytokine-dependent genes in primary human AAMs. We show that AC uptake simultaneously upregulates LXR-dependent, but suppresses SREBP-2-dependent gene expression in macrophages, which are both prevented by inhibiting Niemann–Pick C1 (NPC1)-mediated sterol transport from lysosomes. Concurrently, macrophages accumulate sterol biosynthetic intermediates desmosterol, lathosterol, lanosterol, and dihydrolanosterol but not cholesterol-derived oxysterols. Using global transcriptome analysis, we identify anti-inflammatory and proresolving genes including interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) and arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) whose expression are selectively potentiated in macrophages upon concomitant exposure to ACs or LXR agonist T0901317 (T09) and Th2 cytokines. We show priming macrophages via LXR activation enhances the cellular capacity to synthesize inflammation-suppressing specialized proresolving mediator (SPM) precursors 15-HETE and 17-HDHA as well as resolvin D5. Silencing LXRα and LXRβ in macrophages attenuates the potentiation of ALOX15 expression by concomitant stimulation of ACs or T09 and IL-13. Collectively, we identify a previously unrecognized mechanism of regulation whereby LXR integrates AC uptake to selectively shape Th2-dependent gene expression in AAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan G Snodgrass
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yvonne Benatzy
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmid
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dmitry Namgaladze
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Malwina Mainka
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Dieter Lütjohann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
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28
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Kutzner L, Esselun C, Franke N, Schoenfeld K, Eckert GP, Schebb NH. Effect of dietary EPA and DHA on murine blood and liver fatty acid profile and liver oxylipin pattern depending on high and low dietary n6-PUFA. Food Funct 2020; 11:9177-9191. [PMID: 33030169 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01462a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The intake of long-chain n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are associated with beneficial health effects, is low in the Western diet, while the portion of dietary n6-PUFA and hence the n6/n3-PUFA ratio is high. Strategies to improve the n3-PUFA status are n3-PUFA supplementation and/or lowering n6-PUFA intake. In the present study, mice were fed with two different sunflower oil-based control diets rich in linoleic (n6-high) or oleic acid (n6-low), either with low n3-PUFA content (∼0.02%) as control or with ∼0.6% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The n6-low diet had only little or no effect on levels of arachidonic acid (ARA) and its free oxylipins in liver tissue. Supplementation with EPA or DHA lowered ARA levels with an effect size of n6-high < n6-low. Blood cell %EPA + DHA reached >8% and >11% in n6-high and n6-low groups, respectively. Elevation of EPA levels and EPA derived oxylipins was most pronounced in n6-low groups in liver tissue, while levels of DHA and DHA derived oxylipins were generally unaffected by the background diet. While the n6-low diet alone had no effect on blood and liver tissue ARA levels or n3-PUFA status, a supplementation of EPA or DHA was more effective in combination with an n6-low diet. Thus, supplementation of long-chain n3-PUFA combined with a reduction of dietary n6-PUFA is the most effective way to improve the endogenous n3-PUFA status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kutzner
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Carsten Esselun
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Wilhelmstr. 20, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Nicole Franke
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Wilhelmstr. 20, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Schoenfeld
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Gunter P Eckert
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Wilhelmstr. 20, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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29
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Hartung NM, Ostermann AI, Immenschuh S, Schebb NH. Combined Targeted Proteomics and Oxylipin Metabolomics for Monitoring of the COX-2 Pathway. Proteomics 2020; 21:e1900058. [PMID: 32875715 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The important role of inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in several diseases necessitates analytical tools enabling thorough understanding of its modulation. Analysis of a comprehensive oxylipin pattern provides detailed information about changes in enzyme activities. In order to simultaneously monitor gene expression levels, a targeted proteomics method for human COX-2 is developed. With limits of detection and quantification down to 0.25 and 0.5 fmol (on column) the method enables sensitive quantitative analysis via LC-MS/MS within a linear range up to 2.5 pmol. Three housekeeping proteins are included in the method for data normalization. A tiered approach for method development comprised of in silico and experimental steps is described for choosing unique peptides and selective and sensitive SRM transitions while avoiding isobaric interferences. This method combined with a well-established targeted oxylipin metabolomics method allows to investigate the role of COX-2 in the human colon carcinoma cell lines HCT-116, HT-29, and HCA-7. Moreover, the developed methodology is used to demonstrate the time-dependent prostanoid formation and COX-2 enzyme synthesis in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human primary macrophages. The described approach is a helpful tool which will be further used as standard operation procedure, ultimately aiming at comprehensive targeted proteomics/oxylipin metabolomics strategies to examine the entire arachidonic acid cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Hartung
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, Wuppertal, 42119, Germany
| | - Annika I Ostermann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, Wuppertal, 42119, Germany
| | - Stephan Immenschuh
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, Wuppertal, 42119, Germany
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30
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Cebo M, Fu X, Gawaz M, Chatterjee M, Lämmerhofer M. Micro-UHPLC-MS/MS method for analysis of oxylipins in plasma and platelets. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 189:113426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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31
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Mainka M, Dalle C, Pétéra M, Dalloux-Chioccioli J, Kampschulte N, Ostermann AI, Rothe M, Bertrand-Michel J, Newman JW, Gladine C, Schebb NH. Harmonized procedures lead to comparable quantification of total oxylipins across laboratories. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1424-1436. [PMID: 32848050 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxylipins are potent lipid mediators involved in a variety of physiological processes. Their profiling has the potential to provide a wealth of information regarding human health and disease and is a promising technology for translation into clinical applications. However, results generated by independent groups are rarely comparable, which increases the need for the implementation of internationally agreed upon protocols. We performed an interlaboratory comparison for the MS-based quantitative analysis of total oxylipins. Five independent laboratories assessed the technical variability and comparability of 133 oxylipins using a harmonized and standardized protocol, common biological materials (i.e., seven quality control plasmas), standard calibration series, and analytical methods. The quantitative analysis was based on a standard calibration series with isotopically labeled internal standards. Using the standardized protocol, the technical variance was within ±15% for 73% of oxylipins; however, most epoxy fatty acids were identified as critical analytes due to high variabilities in concentrations. The comparability of concentrations determined by the laboratories was examined using consensus value estimates and unsupervised/supervised multivariate analysis (i.e., principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis). Interlaboratory variability was limited and did not interfere with our ability to distinguish the different plasmas. Moreover, all laboratories were able to identify similar differences between plasmas. In summary, we show that by using a standardized protocol for sample preparation, low technical variability can be achieved. Harmonization of all oxylipin extraction and analysis steps led to reliable, reproducible, and comparable oxylipin concentrations in independent laboratories, allowing the generation of biologically meaningful oxylipin patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Mainka
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Céline Dalle
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mélanie Pétéra
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UNH, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jessica Dalloux-Chioccioli
- MetaToul, MetaboHUB, Inserm/UPS UMR 1048-I2MC, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Nadja Kampschulte
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Annika I Ostermann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- MetaToul, MetaboHUB, Inserm/UPS UMR 1048-I2MC, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - John W Newman
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA.,University of California Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Cécile Gladine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
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32
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Kutzner L, Goloshchapova K, Rund KM, Jübermann M, Blum M, Rothe M, Kirsch SF, Schunck WH, Kühn H, Schebb NH. Human lipoxygenase isoforms form complex patterns of double and triple oxygenated compounds from eicosapentaenoic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158806. [PMID: 32841762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (ALOX) are lipid peroxidizing enzymes that catalyze the biosynthesis of pro- and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators and have been implicated in (patho-)physiological processes. In humans, six functional ALOX isoforms exist and their arachidonic acid oxygenation products have been characterized. Products include leukotrienes and lipoxins which are involved in the regulation of inflammation and resolution. Oxygenation of n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids gives rise to specialized pro-resolving mediators, e.g. resolvins. However, the catalytic activity of different ALOX isoforms can lead to a multitude of potentially bioactive products. Here, we characterized the patterns of oxygenation products formed by human recombinant ALOX5, ALOX15, ALOX15B and ALOX12 from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and its 18-hydroxy derivative 18-HEPE with particular emphasis on double and triple oxygenation products. ALOX15 and ALOX5 formed a complex mixture of various double oxygenation products from EPA, which include 5,15-diHEPE and various 8,15-diHEPE isomers. Their biosynthetic mechanisms were explored using heavy oxygen isotopes (H218O, 18O2 gas) and three catalytic activities contributed to product formation: i) fatty acid oxygenase activity, ii) leukotriene synthase activity, iii) lipohydroperoxidase activity. For ALOX15B and ALOX12 more specific product patterns were identified, which was also the case when these enzymes reacted in concert with ALOX5. Several double oxygenated compounds were formed from 18-HEPE by ALOX5, ALOX15B and ALOX12 including previously identified resolvins (RvE2, RvE3), while formation of triple oxygenation products, e.g. 5,17,18-triHEPE, required ALOX5. Taken together our data show that EPA can be converted by human ALOX isoforms to a large number of secondary oxygenation products, which might exhibit bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kutzner
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kateryna Goloshchapova
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina M Rund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Martin Jübermann
- Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Maximilian Blum
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Rothe
- Lipidomix GmbH, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan F Kirsch
- Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Wolf-Hagen Schunck
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kühn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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33
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Cebo M, Fu X, Gawaz M, Chatterjee M, Lämmerhofer M. Enantioselective ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method based on sub-2µm particle polysaccharide column for chiral separation of oxylipins and its application for the analysis of autoxidized fatty acids and platelet releasates. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1624:461206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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34
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Hellhake S, Meckelmann SW, Empl MT, Rentmeister K, Wißdorf W, Steinberg P, Schmitz OJ, Benter T, Schebb NH. Non-targeted and targeted analysis of oxylipins in combination with charge-switch derivatization by ion mobility high-resolution mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:5743-5757. [PMID: 32699965 PMCID: PMC7413910 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids and other oxylipins play an important role in mediating inflammation as well as other biological processes. For the investigation of their biological role(s), comprehensive analytical methods are necessary, which are able to provide reliable identification and quantification of these compounds in biological matrices. Using charge-switch derivatization with AMPP (N-(4-aminomethylphenyl)pyridinium chloride) in combination with liquid chromatography ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-IM-QTOF-MS), we developed a non-target approach to analyze oxylipins in plasma, serum, and cells. The developed workflow makes use of an ion mobility resolved fragmentation to pinpoint derivatized molecules based on the cleavage of AMPP, which yields two specific fragment ions. This allows a reliable identification of known and unknown eicosanoids and other oxylipins. We characterized the workflow using 52 different oxylipins and investigated their fragmentation patterns and ion mobilities. Limits of detection ranged between 0.2 and 10.0 nM (1.0-50 pg on column), which is comparable with other state-of-the-art methods using LC triple quadrupole (QqQ) MS. Moreover, we applied this strategy to analyze oxylipins in different biologically relevant matrices, as cultured cells, human plasma, and serum. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hellhake
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gauss-Str. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sven W Meckelmann
- Applied Analytical Chemistry & Teaching and Research Center for Separation, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael T Empl
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kristina Rentmeister
- Applied Analytical Chemistry & Teaching and Research Center for Separation, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Walter Wißdorf
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gauss-Str. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Pablo Steinberg
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Oliver J Schmitz
- Applied Analytical Chemistry & Teaching and Research Center for Separation, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Benter
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gauss-Str. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gauss-Str. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany.
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35
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Dias IHK, Milic I, Heiss C, Ademowo OS, Polidori MC, Devitt A, Griffiths HR. Inflammation, Lipid (Per)oxidation, and Redox Regulation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:166-190. [PMID: 31989835 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Inflammation increases during the aging process. It is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Mitochondrial macromolecules are critical targets of oxidative damage; they contribute to respiratory uncoupling with increased ROS production, redox stress, and a cycle of senescence, cytokine production, and impaired oxidative phosphorylation. Targeting the formation or accumulation of oxidized biomolecules, particularly oxidized lipids, in immune cells and mitochondria could be beneficial for age-related inflammation and comorbidities. Recent Advances: Inflammation is central to age-related decline in health and exhibits a complex relationship with mitochondrial redox state and metabolic function. Improvements in mass spectrometric methods have led to the identification of families of oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs), cholesterols, and fatty acids that increase during inflammation and which modulate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), activator protein 1 (AP1), and NF-κB redox-sensitive transcription factor activity. Critical Issues: The kinetic and spatial resolution of the modified lipidome has profound and sometimes opposing effects on inflammation, promoting initiation at high concentration and resolution at low concentration of OxPLs. Future Directions: There is an emerging opportunity to prevent or delay age-related inflammation and vascular comorbidity through a resolving (oxy)lipidome that is dependent on improving mitochondrial quality control and restoring redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irundika H K Dias
- Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ivana Milic
- Aston Research Center for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Heiss
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Opeyemi S Ademowo
- Aston Research Center for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Cristina Polidori
- Ageing Clinical Research, Department II of Internal Medicine and Cologne Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, and CECAD, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrew Devitt
- Aston Research Center for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen R Griffiths
- Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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36
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Leung HH, Leung KS, Durand T, Galano JM, Lee JCY. Measurement of Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Oxidation Products in Plasma and Urine of Macular Degeneration Using LC-QTOF-MS/MS. Lipids 2020; 55:693-706. [PMID: 32602621 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are associated to pathogenesis of diseases including cardiovascular and neurodegeneration. The novel products are not only biomarkers but also lipid mediators in gene regulation and signaling pathways. Herein, simultaneous quantitation of 28 products derived from nonenzymatic and enzymatic oxidation of PUFA i.e. 5-, 15-F2t -isoprostanes, 7-, 17-F2t -dihomo-isoprostanes, 7-, 17-F2t -dihomo-isofurans, 5-, 8-, 18-F3t -isoprostanes, 4-, 10-, 13-, 14-, 20-F4t -neuroprostanes, 5-, 8-, 9-, 11-,12-, 15-, 20-HETE, 4-, 7-, 11-, 14-, 17-HDHA, RvE1, and NPD1 using LC-(ESI)-QTOF-MS/MS was developed. These products were measurable in a single sample and the analytical time was relative short (~15 min). Furthermore, we showed that the use of internal standards is a requisite to normalize matrix effects and preparation loss for the quantitation. Validation assays indicated the method to be robust for plasma and mid-stream urine sample analysis in particular from those of age-related macular degeneration subjects, where the accuracy of quantitation displayed good repeatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Hang Leung
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Kin Sum Leung
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, 5 Av. Charles Flahault, Montpellier, Cedex 05, F34093, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, 5 Av. Charles Flahault, Montpellier, Cedex 05, F34093, France
| | - Jetty Chung-Yung Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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Aldana J, Romero-Otero A, Cala MP. Exploring the Lipidome: Current Lipid Extraction Techniques for Mass Spectrometry Analysis. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10060231. [PMID: 32503331 PMCID: PMC7345237 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, high-throughput lipid profiling has contributed to understand the biological, physiological and pathological roles of lipids in living organisms. Across all kingdoms of life, important cell and systemic processes are mediated by lipids including compartmentalization, signaling and energy homeostasis. Despite important advances in liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, sample extraction procedures remain a bottleneck in lipidomic studies, since the wide structural diversity of lipids imposes a constrain in the type and amount of lipids extracted. Differences in extraction yield across lipid classes can induce a bias on down-stream analysis and outcomes. This review aims to summarize current lipid extraction techniques used for untargeted and targeted studies based on mass spectrometry. Considerations, applications, and limitations of these techniques are discussed when used to extract lipids in complex biological matrices, such as tissues, biofluids, foods, and microorganisms.
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Concerted EP2 and EP4 Receptor Signaling Stimulates Autocrine Prostaglandin E 2 Activation in Human Podocytes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051256. [PMID: 32438662 PMCID: PMC7290667 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular hyperfiltration is an important mechanism in the development of albuminuria. During hyperfiltration, podocytes are exposed to increased fluid flow shear stress (FFSS) in Bowman’s space. Elevated Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis and upregulated cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2) are associated with podocyte injury by FFSS. We aimed to elucidate a PGE2 autocrine/paracrine pathway in human podocytes (hPC). We developed a modified liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) protocol to quantify cellular PGE2, 15-keto-PGE2, and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE2 levels. hPC were treated with PGE2 with or without separate or combined blockade of prostaglandin E receptors (EP), EP2, and EP4. Furthermore, the effect of FFSS on COX2, PTGER2, and PTGER4 expression in hPC was quantified. In hPC, stimulation with PGE2 led to an EP2- and EP4-dependent increase in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and COX2, and induced cellular PGE2. PTGER4 was downregulated after PGE2 stimulation in hPC. In the corresponding LC/ESI-MS/MS in vivo analysis at the tissue level, increased PGE2 and 15-keto-PGE2 levels were observed in isolated glomeruli obtained from a well-established rat model with glomerular hyperfiltration, the Munich Wistar Frömter rat. COX2 and PTGER2 were upregulated by FFSS. Our data thus support an autocrine/paracrine COX2/PGE2 pathway in hPC linked to concerted EP2 and EP4 signaling.
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Koch E, Mainka M, Dalle C, Ostermann AI, Rund KM, Kutzner L, Froehlich LF, Bertrand-Michel J, Gladine C, Schebb NH. Stability of oxylipins during plasma generation and long-term storage. Talanta 2020; 217:121074. [PMID: 32498891 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized unsaturated fatty acids - i.e. eicosanoids and other oxylipins - are lipid mediators involved in the regulation of numerous physiological functions such as inflammation, blood coagulation, vascular tone and endothelial permeability. They have raised strong interest in clinical lipidomics in order to understand their role in health and diseases and their use as biomarkers. However, before the clinical translation, it is crucial to validate the analytical reliability of oxylipins. This notably requires to assess the putative artificial formation or degradation of oxylipins by (unsuitable) blood handling during plasma generation, storage and sample preparation. Using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method covering 133 oxylipins we comprehensively analyzed the total (free + esterified) oxylipin profile in plasma and investigated the influence of i) addition of additives during sample preparation, ii) different storage times and temperatures during the transitory stage of plasma generation and iii) long-term storage of plasma samples at -80 °C. Addition of radical scavenger butylated hydroxytoluene reduced the apparent concentrations of hydroxy-PUFA and thus should be added to the samples at the beginning of sample preparation. The concentrations of all oxylipin classes remained stable (within analytical variance of 20%) during the transitory stage of plasma generation up to 24 h at 4 °C or 4 h at 20 °C before centrifugation of EDTA-whole blood and up to 5 days at -20 °C after plasma separation. The variations in oxylipin concentrations did not correlate with storage time, storage temperature or stage of plasma generation. A significant increase of potentially lipoxygenase derived hydroxy-PUFA compared to immediate processing was only detected when samples were stored for longer times before centrifugation, plasma separation as well as freezing of plasma revealing residual enzymatic activity. Autoxidative rather than enzymatic processes led to a slightly increased concentration of 9-HETE when plasma samples were stored at -80 °C for 15 months. Overall, we demonstrate that total plasma oxylipins are robust regarding delays during plasma generation and long-term storage at -80 °C supporting the application of oxylipin profiling in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Koch
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Malwina Mainka
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Céline Dalle
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Annika I Ostermann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Katharina M Rund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Laura Kutzner
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Laura-Fabienne Froehlich
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Inserm/UPS UMR 1048 - I2MC, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Gladine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
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Long-term stimulation of toll-like receptor-2 and -4 upregulates 5-LO and 15-LO-2 expression thereby inducing a lipid mediator shift in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158702. [PMID: 32222425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage polarization switches during the course of inflammation along with the lipid mediators released. We investigated the lipid mediator formation in human monocyte-derived macrophages during in vitro differentiation and pathogen stimulation. For this, peripheral blood monocytes were differentiated into M1 (CSF-2/IFNγ) or M2 (CSF-1/IL-4) macrophages followed by stimulation with the toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands zymosan (TLR-2), Poly(I:C) (TLR-3) or bacterial lipopolysaccharides (TLR-4) mimicking fungal, viral and bacterial infection, respectively. Expression of enzymes involved in lipid mediator formation such as 5- and 15-lipoxygenases (LO), the 5-LO activating protein and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was monitored on mRNA and protein level and lipid mediator formation was assessed. In addition, cytokine release was measured. In vitro differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes to M1 and M2 macrophages considerably attenuated 5-LO activity. Furthermore, while TLR-2 and -4 stimulation of M1 macrophages primarily triggered pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators, persistent stimulation (16 h) of human M2 macrophages induced a coordinated upregulation of 5- and 15-LO-2 expression. This was accompanied by a marked increase in IL-10 and monohydroxylated 15-LO products in the conditioned media of the cells. After additional stimulation with Ca2+ ionophore combined with supplementation of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid these cells also released small amounts of SPM such as lipoxins and resolvins. From this we conclude that activation of TLR-2 or -4 triggers the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory 5-LO and COX-2 derived lipid mediators in human monocyte-derived M1 macrophages while persistent stimulation of M2 macrophages induces a shift towards pro-resolving 15-LO derived oxylipins.
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41
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Saliva as a non-invasive tool for monitoring oxidative stress in swimmers athletes performing a VO 2max cycle ergometer test. Talanta 2020; 216:120979. [PMID: 32456903 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers of oxidative stress are generally measured in blood and its derivatives. However, the invasiveness of blood collection makes the monitoring of such chemicals during exercise not feasible. Saliva analysis is an interesting approach in sport medicine because the collection procedure is easy-to-use and does not require specially-trained personnel. These features guarantee the collection of multiple samples from the same subject in a short span of time, thus allowing the monitoring of the subject before, during and after physical tests, training or competitions. The aim of this work was to evaluate the possibility of following the changes in the concentration of some oxidative stress markers in saliva samples taken over time by athletes under exercise. To this purpose, ketones (i.e. acetone, 2-butanone and 2-pentanone), aldehydes (i.e. propanal, butanal, and hexanal), α,β-unsaturated aldehydes (i.e. acrolein and methacrolein) and di-carbonyls (i.e. glyoxal and methylglyoxal) were derivatized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, and determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector. Prostaglandin E2, F2/E2-isoprostanes, F2-dihomo-isoprostanes, F4-neuroprostanes, and F2-dihomo-isofuranes were also determined by a reliable analytical procedure that combines micro-extraction by packed sorbent and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Overall the validation process showed that the methods have limits of detection in the range of units of ppb for carbonyls and tens to hundreds of ppt for isoprostanes and prostanoids, very good quantitative recoveries (90-110%) and intra- and inter-day precision lower than 15%. The proof of applicability of the proposed analytical approach was investigated by monitoring the selected markers of oxidative stress in ten swimmers performing a VO2max cycle ergo meter test. The results highlighted a clear increase of salivary by-products of oxidative stress during exercise, whereas a sharp decrease, approaching baseline values, of these compounds was observed in the recovery phase. This study opens up a new approach in the evaluation of oxidative stress and its relation to aerobic activity.
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42
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Rund KM, Nolte F, Doricic J, Greite R, Schott S, Lichtinghagen R, Gueler F, Schebb NH. Clinical blood sampling for oxylipin analysis - effect of storage and pneumatic tube transport of blood on free and total oxylipin profile in human plasma and serum. Analyst 2020; 145:2378-2388. [PMID: 32037406 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01880h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of oxylipins in blood samples is of increasing interest in clinical studies. However, storage after sampling and transport of blood might induce artificial changes in the apparent oxylipin profile due to ex vivo formation/degradation by autoxidation or enzymatic activity. In the present study we investigated the stability of free (i.e. non-esterified) and total oxylipins in EDTA-plasma and serum generated under clinical conditions assessing delays in sample processing and automated transportation: Free cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) formed oxylipins as well as autoxidation products were marginally affected by storage of whole blood up to 4 h at 4 °C, while total (i.e. the sum of free and esterified) levels of these oxylipins were stable up to 24 h and following transport. Cyclooxygenase (COX) products (TxB2, 12-HHT) and 12-LOX derived hydroxy-fatty acids were prone to storage and transport induced changes due to platelet activation. Total oxylipin patterns were generally more stable than the concentration of free oxylipins. In serum, coagulation induced higher levels of COX and 12-LOX products showing a high inter-individual variability. Overall, our results indicate that total EDTA-plasma oxylipins are the most stable blood oxylipin marker for clinical samples. Here, storage of blood before further processing is acceptable for a period up to 24 hours at 4 °C. However, levels of platelet derived oxylipins should be interpreted with caution regarding potential ex vivo formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M Rund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
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Rohwer N, Kühl AA, Ostermann AI, Hartung NM, Schebb NH, Zopf D, McDonald FM, Weylandt KH. Effects of chronic low-dose aspirin treatment on tumor prevention in three mouse models of intestinal tumorigenesis. Cancer Med 2020; 9:2535-2550. [PMID: 31994315 PMCID: PMC7131863 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) have improved, it remains a significant health-care problem with high morbidity and mortality. Data indicate that long-term intake of low-dose aspirin reduces the risk of CRC; however, the mechanisms underlying this chemopreventive effect are still unclear. Different mouse models for inflammation-associated, sporadic, and hereditary CRC were applied to assess the efficacy and mechanism of low-dose aspirin on tumor prevention. An initial dosing study performed in healthy mice indicates that aspirin at a dose of 25 mg/kg/d has a similar pharmacodynamic effect as low-dose aspirin treatment in human subjects (100 mg/d). Chronic low-dose aspirin treatment suppresses colitis-associated and to a lesser extent spontaneous tumorigenesis in mice. Aspirin's antitumor effect is most pronounced in a preventive approach when aspirin administration starts before the tumor-initiating genotoxic event and continues for the duration of the experiment. These effects are not associated with alterations in cell proliferation, apoptosis, or activation of signaling pathways involved in CRC. Aspirin-induced reduction in tumor burden is accompanied by inhibition of thromboxane B2 formation, indicating reduced platelet activation. Aspirin treatment also results in decreased colonic prostaglandin E2 formation and tumor angiogenesis. With respect to colitis-triggered tumorigenesis, aspirin administration is associated with a reduction in inflammatory activity in the colon, as indicated by decreased levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, and tumor-associated iNOS-positive macrophages. Our results suggest that low-dose aspirin represents an effective antitumor agent in the context of colon tumorigenesis primarily due to its well-established cyclooxygenase inhibition effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Rohwer
- Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Medical Department B, Divisions of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, Ruppin General Hospital, Neuruppin, Germany.,Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Anja A Kühl
- iPATH.Berlin-Immunopathology for Experimental Models, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika I Ostermann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nicole Marie Hartung
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Dieter Zopf
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fiona M McDonald
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karsten-H Weylandt
- Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Medical Department B, Divisions of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, Ruppin General Hospital, Neuruppin, Germany
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44
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Liakh I, Pakiet A, Sledzinski T, Mika A. Methods of the Analysis of Oxylipins in Biological Samples. Molecules 2020; 25:E349. [PMID: 31952163 PMCID: PMC7024226 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxylipins are derivatives of polyunsaturated fatty acids and due to their important and diverse functions in the body, they have become a popular subject of studies. The main challenge for researchers is their low stability and often very low concentration in samples. Therefore, in recent years there have been developments in the extraction and analysis methods of oxylipins. New approaches in extraction methods were described in our previous review. In turn, the old analysis methods have been replaced by new approaches based on mass spectrometry (MS) coupled with liquid chromatography (LC) and gas chromatography (GC), and the best of these methods allow hundreds of oxylipins to be quantitatively identified. This review presents comparative and comprehensive information on the progress of various methods used by various authors to achieve the best results in the analysis of oxylipins in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Liakh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Alicja Pakiet
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Adriana Mika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.)
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland;
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45
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Marbach-Breitrück E, Kutzner L, Rothe M, Gurke R, Schreiber Y, Reddanna P, Schebb NH, Stehling S, Wieler LH, Heydeck D, Kuhn H. Functional Characterization of Knock-In Mice Expressing a 12/15-Lipoxygenating Alox5 Mutant Instead of the 5-Lipoxygenating Wild-Type Enzyme. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:1-17. [PMID: 31642348 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Most mammalian genomes involve several genes encoding for functionally distinct arachidonate lipoxygenase (ALOX isoforms). Proinflammatory leukotrienes are formed via the ALOX5 pathway, but 12/15-lipoxygenating ALOX isoforms have been implicated in the biosynthesis of pro-resolving mediators. In vitro mutagenesis of the triad determinants abolished the leukotriene synthesizing activity of ALOX5, but the biological consequences of these alterations have not been studied. To fill this gap, we created Alox5 knock-in mice, which express the 12/15-lipoxygenating Phe359Trp + Ala424Ile + Asn425Met Alox5 triple mutant and characterized its phenotypic alterations. Results: The mouse Alox5 triple mutant functions as arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenating enzyme, which also forms 12S-hydroxy and 8S-hydroxy arachidonic acid. In contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the triple mutant effectively oxygenates linoleic acid to 13S-hydroxy linoleic acid (13S-HODE), which functions as activating ligand of the type-2 nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Knock-in mice expressing the mutant enzyme are viable, fertile, and develop normally. The mice cannot synthesize proinflammatory leukotrienes but show significantly attenuated plasma levels of lipolytic endocannabinoids. When aging, the animals gained significantly more body weight, which may be related to the fivefold higher levels of 13-HODE in the adipose tissue. Innovation: These data indicate for the first time that in vivo mutagenesis of the triad determinants of mouse Alox5 abolished the biosynthetic capacity of the enzyme for proinflammatory leukotrienes and altered the catalytic properties of the protein favoring the formation of 13-HODE. Conclusion:In vivo triple mutation of the mouse Alox5 gene impacts the body weight homeostasis of aging mice via augmented formation of the activating PPARγ ligand 13-HODE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Marbach-Breitrück
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Kutzner
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - Robert Gurke
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (ZAFES), Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yannick Schreiber
- Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pallu Reddanna
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad India
| | - Nils-Helge Schebb
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sabine Stehling
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lothar H Wieler
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Center of Infection Medicine, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Heydeck
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kuhn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Gladine C, Ostermann AI, Newman JW, Schebb NH. MS-based targeted metabolomics of eicosanoids and other oxylipins: Analytical and inter-individual variabilities. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 144:72-89. [PMID: 31085232 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxylipins, including the well-known eicosanoids, are potent lipid mediators involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, their quantitative profiling has gained a lot of attention during the last years notably in the active field of health biomarker discovery. Oxylipins include hundreds of structurally and stereochemically distinct lipid species which today are most commonly analyzed by (ultra) high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based ((U)HPLC-MS) methods. To maximize the utility of oxylipin profiling in clinical research, it is crucial to understand and assess the factors contributing to the analytical and biological variability of oxylipin profiles in humans. In this review, these factors and their impacts are summarized and discussed, providing a framework for recommendations expected to enhance the interlaboratory comparability and biological interpretation of oxylipin profiling in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Gladine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Annika I Ostermann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gaußstraße 20, University of Wuppertal, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - John W Newman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA; University of California Davis, Department of Nutrition, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gaußstraße 20, University of Wuppertal, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
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47
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Ostermann AI, Koch E, Rund KM, Kutzner L, Mainka M, Schebb NH. Targeting esterified oxylipins by LC-MS - Effect of sample preparation on oxylipin pattern. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 146:106384. [PMID: 31698140 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A major part of oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids - i.e. eicosanoids and other oxylipins - in biological samples is found in the esterified form. Yet, their biological role is only poorly understood. For quantification of esterified oxylipins in biological samples current protocols mostly apply alkaline hydrolysis with or without prior lipid extraction to release oxylipins into their free form which can be subsequently quantified via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Herein, a detailed protocol for precise and reproducible quantification of esterified oxylipins in plasma is presented comprising i) extraction of lipids and removal of proteins with iso-propanol, ii) base hydrolysis with potassium hydroxide to saponify lipids and iii) solid phase extraction of the liberated oxylipins on C8/anion exchange mixed mode material. Unequal extraction of internal standards and lipid classes during lipid extraction before hydrolysis led to distorted concentrations, emphasizing that the choice of solvent used in this step is important to minimize discrimination. Regarding the hydrolysis conditions, at least 30 min incubation at 60 °C is required with 0.1 M KOH in sample. Drying of the SPE cartridges is a critical parameter since autoxidation processes of PUFA, which are present in high concentrations after cleavage, lead to artificial formation of epoxy fatty acids. With the developed protocol, inter-day, intra-day and inter-operator variance was <21% for most oxylipins including hydroxy-, dihydroxy-, and epoxy-PUFA. The applicability of the developed methodology is demonstrated by investigating the changes in the oxylipin pattern following omega-3 fatty acid feeding to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika I Ostermann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Koch
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Katharina M Rund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Laura Kutzner
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Malwina Mainka
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany.
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Rund KM, Peng S, Greite R, Claaßen C, Nolte F, Oger C, Galano JM, Balas L, Durand T, Chen R, Gueler F, Schebb NH. Dietary omega-3 PUFA improved tubular function after ischemia induced acute kidney injury in mice but did not attenuate impairment of renal function. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 146:106386. [PMID: 31698142 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important complication after major surgery and solid organ transplantation. Here, we present a dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n3-PUFA) supplementation study to investigate whether pre-treatment can reduce ischemia induced AKI in mice. METHODS Male 12-14 week old C57BL/6 J mice received a linoleic acid rich sunflower oil based standard diet containing 10 % fat (STD) or the same diet enriched with n3-PUFA (containing 1 % EPA and 1 % DHA) (STD + n3). After 14 days of feeding bilateral 30 min renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) was conducted to induce AKI and mice were sacrificed at 24 h. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) as well as liver enzyme elevation were measured. Kidney damage was analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, MCP-1) were determined by qPCR. FA and oxylipin pattern were quantified in blood and kidneys by GC-FID and LC-MS/MS, respectively. RESULTS n3-PUFA supplementation prior to renal IRI increased systemic and renal levels of n3-PUFA. Consistently, eicosanoids and other oxylipins derived from n3-PUFA including precursors of specialized pro-resolving mediators were elevated while n6-PUFA derived mediators such as pro-inflammatory prostaglandins were decreased. Feeding of n3-PUFA did not attenuate renal function impairment, morphological renal damage and inflammation characterized by IL-6 and MCP-1 elevation or neutrophil infiltration. However, the tubular transport marker alpha-1 microglobulin (A1M) was significantly higher expressed in proximal tubular epithelial cells of STD + n3 compared to STD fed mice. This indicates a better integrity of proximal tubular epithelial cells and thus significant protection of tubular function. In addition, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) which protects tubular function was also up-regulated in the treatment group receiving n3-PUFA supplemented chow. DISCUSSION We showed that n3-PUFA pre-treatment did not affect overall renal function or renal inflammation in a mouse model of moderate ischemia induced AKI, but tubular transport was improved. In conclusion, dietary n3-PUFA supplementation altered the oxylipin levels significantly but did not protect from renal function deterioration or attenuate ischemia induced renal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M Rund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Shu Peng
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Thoracic surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Robert Greite
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cornelius Claaßen
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Fabian Nolte
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, France
| | - Laurence Balas
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, France
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Faikah Gueler
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
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Multiplex profiling of inflammation-related bioactive lipid mediators in Toxocara canis- and Toxocara cati-induced neurotoxocarosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007706. [PMID: 31557153 PMCID: PMC6762062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Somatic migration of Toxocara canis- and T. cati-larvae in humans may cause neurotoxocarosis (NT) when larvae accumulate and persist in the central nervous system (CNS). Host- or parasite-induced immunoregulatory processes contribute to the pathogenesis; however, detailed data on involvement of bioactive lipid mediators, e.g. oxylipins or eico-/docosanoids, which are involved in the complex molecular signalling network during infection and inflammation, are lacking. Methodology/Principal findings To elucidate if T. canis- and T. cati-induced NT affects the homeostasis of oxylipins during the course of infection, a comprehensive lipidomic profiling in brains (cerebra and cerebella) of experimentally infected C57BL/6J mice was conducted at six different time points post infection (pi) by liquid-chromatography coupled to electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Only minor changes were detected regarding pro-inflammatory prostaglandins (cyclooxygenase pathway). In contrast, a significant increase of metabolites resulting from lipoxygenase pathways was observed for both infection groups and brain regions, implicating a predominantly anti-inflammatory driven immune response. This observation was supported by a significantly increased 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE)/9-HODE ratio during the subacute phase of infection, indicating an anti-inflammatory response to neuroinfection. Except for the specialised pro-resolving mediator (SPM) neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), which was detected in mice infected with both pathogens during the subacute phase of infection, no other SPMs were detected. Conclusions/Significance The obtained results demonstrate the influence of Toxocara spp. on oxylipins as part of the immune response of the paratenic hosts. Furthermore, this study shows differences in the alteration of the oxylipin composition between T. canis- and T. cati-brain infection. Results contribute to a further understanding of the largely unknown pathogenesis and mechanisms of host-parasite interactions during NT. Neurotoxocarosis (NT) is induced by larvae of the zoonotic roundworms Toxocara canis and T. cati migrating and persisting in the central nervous system of paratenic hosts, and may be accompanied by severe neurological symptoms. Toxocara spp. are known to modulate the hosts’ immune response, but data concerning involvement of signalling molecules are lacking. An important class of mediators participating in the complex molecular signalling network during infection and inflammation are bioactive regulatory lipids, derived from arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids. For a better understanding of inflammatory processes in the brain during an infection with Toxocara spp., a comprehensive analysis of regulatory lipids was conducted. The infection was predominantly characterised by only minor changes in the pattern of pro-inflammatory oxylipins, while anti-inflammatory metabolites, derived from lipoxygenase pathways, were significantly elevated in the subacute phase as well as in the beginning of the chronic phase of infection. This trend was also reflected in the 13-HODE/9-HODE ratio, a biomarker for the immunological status of an active infection. Obtained data provide a valuable insight in the host’s immune reaction as response against neuroinvasive Toxocara spp.-larvae, contributing to the characterisation of the mostly unknown pathogenesis of NT.
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Hartung NM, Fischer J, Ostermann AI, Willenberg I, Rund KM, Schebb NH, Garscha U. Impact of food polyphenols on oxylipin biosynthesis in human neutrophils. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:1536-1544. [PMID: 31125704 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The intake of food polyphenols is associated with beneficial impacts on health. Besides anti-oxidative effects, anti-inflammatory properties have been suggested as molecular modes of action, which may result from modulations of the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade. Here, we investigated the effects of a library of food polyphenols on 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) activity in a cell-free assay, and in human neutrophils. Resveratrol, its dimer (ε-viniferin), and its imine analogue (IRA) potently blocked the 5-LOX-mediated LT formation in neutrophils with IC50 values in low μM-range. Among the tested flavonoids only the isoflavone genistein showed potent 5-LOX inhibition in neutrophils (IC50 = 0.4 ± 0.1 μM), however was ineffective on isolated 5-LOX. We exclude an interference with the 5-LOX-activating protein (FLAP) in HEK_5-LOX/±FLAP cells and suggest global effects on intact immune cells. Using LC-MS based targeted oxylipin metabolomics, we analyzed the effects of 5-LOX-inhibiting polyphenols on all branches of the AA cascade in Ca2+-ionophore-challenged neutrophils. While ε-viniferin causes a clear substrate shunt towards the remaining AA cascade enzymes (15-LOX, cyclooxygenase - COX-1/2, cytochrome P450), resveratrol inhibited the COX-1/2 pathway and showed a weak attenuation of 12/15-LOX activity. IRA had no impact on 15-LOX activity, but elevated the formation of COX-derived prostaglandins, having no inhibitory effects on COX-1/2. Overall, we show that food polyphenols have the ability to block 5-LOX activity and the oxylipin pattern is modulated with a remarkable compound/structural specificity. Taken the importance of polyphenols for a healthy diet and their concentration in food supplements into account, this finding justifies further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Hartung
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jana Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Annika I Ostermann
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ina Willenberg
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Katharina M Rund
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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