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Kim BS, Kim JU, Lee J, Ryu KM, Kim SH, Hwang NS. Decellularized brain extracellular matrix based NGF-releasing cryogel for brain tissue engineering in traumatic brain injury. J Control Release 2024; 368:140-156. [PMID: 38373473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injuries(TBI) pose significant challenges to human health, specifically neurological disorders and related motor activities. After TBI, the injured neuronal tissue is known for hardly regenerated and recovered to their normal neuron physiology and tissue compositions. For this reason, tissue engineering strategies that promote neuronal regeneration have gained increasing attention. This study explored the development of a novel neural tissue regeneration cryogel by combining brain-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) with heparin sulfate crosslinking that can perform nerve growth factor (NGF) release ability. Morphological and mechanical characterizations of the cryogels were performed to assess their suitability as a neural regeneration platform. After that, the heparin concnentration dependent effects of varying NGF concentrations on cryogel were investigated for their controlled release and impact on neuronal cell differentiation. The results revealed a direct correlation between the concentration of released NGF and the heparin sulfate ratio in cryogel, indicating that the cryogel can be tailored to carry higher loads of NGF with heparin concentration in cryogel that induced higher neuronal cell differentiation ratio. Furthermore, the study evaluated the NGF loaded cryogels on neuronal cell proliferation and brain tissue regeneration in vivo. The in vivo results suggested that the NGF loaded brain ECM derived cryogel significantly affects the regeneration of brain tissue. Overall, this research contributes to the development of advanced neural tissue engineering strategies and provides valuable insights into the design of regenerative cryogels that can be customized for specific therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom-Seok Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Ryu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR), Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Golebiowska AA, Intravaia JT, Sathe VM, Kumbar SG, Nukavarapu SP. Decellularized extracellular matrix biomaterials for regenerative therapies: Advances, challenges and clinical prospects. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:98-123. [PMID: 37927899 PMCID: PMC10622743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have shown potential in the repair and regeneration of tissues and organs via the use of engineered biomaterials and scaffolds. However, current constructs face limitations in replicating the intricate native microenvironment and achieving optimal regenerative capacity and functional recovery. To address these challenges, the utilization of decellularized tissues and cell-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) has emerged as a promising approach. These biocompatible and bioactive biomaterials can be engineered into porous scaffolds and grafts that mimic the structural and compositional aspects of the native tissue or organ microenvironment, both in vitro and in vivo. Bioactive dECM materials provide a unique tissue-specific microenvironment that can regulate and guide cellular processes, thereby enhancing regenerative therapies. In this review, we explore the emerging frontiers of decellularized tissue-derived and cell-derived biomaterials and bio-inks in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We discuss the need for further improvements in decellularization methods and techniques to retain structural, biological, and physicochemical characteristics of the dECM products in a way to mimic native tissues and organs. This article underscores the potential of dECM biomaterials to stimulate in situ tissue repair through chemotactic effects for the development of growth factor and cell-free tissue engineering strategies. The article also identifies the challenges and opportunities in developing sterilization and preservation methods applicable for decellularized biomaterials and grafts and their translation into clinical products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathon T. Intravaia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Vinayak M. Sathe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Sangamesh G. Kumbar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Syam P. Nukavarapu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
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3
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Ghosh S, Pati F. Decellularized extracellular matrix and silk fibroin-based hybrid biomaterials: A comprehensive review on fabrication techniques and tissue-specific applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127410. [PMID: 37844823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials play a fundamental role in tissue engineering by providing biochemical and physical cues that influence cellular fate and matrix development. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) as a biomaterial is distinguished by its abundant composition of matrix proteins, such as collagen, elastin, fibronectin, and laminin, as well as glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans. However, the mechanical properties of only dECM-based constructs may not always meet tissue-specific requirements. Recent advancements address this challenge by utilizing hybrid biomaterials that harness the strengths of silk fibroin (SF), which contributes the necessary mechanical properties, while dECM provides essential cellular cues for in vitro studies and tissue regeneration. This review discusses emerging trends in developing such biopolymer blends, aiming to synergistically combine the advantages of SF and dECM through optimal concentrations and desired cross-linking density. We focus on different fabrication techniques and cross-linking methods that have been utilized to fabricate various tissue-engineered hybrid constructs. Furthermore, we survey recent applications of such biomaterials for the regeneration of various tissues, including bone, cartilage, trachea, bladder, vascular graft, heart, skin, liver, and other soft tissues. Finally, the trajectory and prospects of the constructs derived from this blend in the tissue engineering field have been summarized, highlighting their potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Ghosh
- BioFab Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Falguni Pati
- BioFab Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India.
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4
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Shen Z, Xia T, Zhao J, Pan S. Current status and future trends of reconstructing a vascularized tissue-engineered trachea. Connect Tissue Res 2023; 64:428-444. [PMID: 37171223 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2023.2212052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Alternative treatment of long tracheal defects remains one of the challenges faced by thoracic surgeons. Tissue engineering has shown great potential in addressing this regenerative medicine conundrum and the technology to make tracheal grafts using this technique is rapidly maturing, leading to unique therapeutic approaches. However, the clinical application of tissue-engineered tracheal implants is limited by insufficient revascularization. Among them, realizing the vascularization of a tissue-engineered trachea is the most challenging problem to overcome. To achieve long-term survival after tracheal transplantation, an effective blood supply must be formed to support the metabolism of seeded cells and promote tissue healing and regeneration. Otherwise, repeated infection, tissue necrosis, lumen stenosis lack of effective epithelialization, need for repeated bronchoscopy after surgery, and other complications will be inevitable and lead to graft failure and a poor outcome. Here we review and analyze various tissue engineering studies promoting angiogenesis in recent years. The general situation of reconstructing a vascularized tissue-engineered trachea, including current problems and future development trends, is elaborated from the perspectives of seed cells, scaffold materials, growth factors and signaling pathways, surgical interventions in animal models and clinical applications. This review also provides ideas and methods for the further development of better biocompatible tracheal substitutes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shu Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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5
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Guimaraes AB, Correia AT, da Silva RS, Dos Santos ES, de Souza Xavier Costa N, Dolhnikoff M, Maizato M, Cestari IA, Pego-Fernandes PM, Guerreiro Cardoso PF. Evaluation of Structural Viability of Porcine Tracheal Scaffolds after 3 and 6 Months of Storage under Three Different Protocols. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050584. [PMID: 37237655 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tracheal replacement with a bioengineered tracheal substitute has been developed for long-segment tracheal diseases. The decellularized tracheal scaffold is an alternative for cell seeding. It is not defined if the storage scaffold produces changes in the scaffold's biomechanical properties. We tested three protocols for porcine tracheal scaffold preservation immersed in PBS and alcohol 70%, in the fridge and under cryopreservation. Ninety-six porcine tracheas (12 in natura, 84 decellularized) were divided into three groups (PBS, alcohol, and cryopreservation). Twelve tracheas were analyzed after three and six months. The assessment included residual DNA, cytotoxicity, collagen contents, and mechanical properties. Decellularization increased the maximum load and stress in the longitudinal axis and decreased the maximum load in the transverse axis. The decellularization of the porcine trachea produced structurally viable scaffolds, with a preserved collagen matrix suitable for further bioengineering. Despite the cyclic washings, the scaffolds remained cytotoxic. The comparison of the storage protocols (PBS at 4 °C, alcohol at 4 °C, and slow cooling cryopreservation with cryoprotectants) showed no significant differences in the amount of collagen and in the biomechanical properties of the scaffolds. Storage in PBS solution at 4 °C for six months did not change the scaffold mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bruning Guimaraes
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Aristides Tadeu Correia
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Soares da Silva
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Elizabete Silva Dos Santos
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Natalia de Souza Xavier Costa
- Laboratorio de Poluicao Atmosferica Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Laboratorio de Poluicao Atmosferica Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Marina Maizato
- Bioengenharia, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Idagene Aparecida Cestari
- Bioengenharia, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Paulo Manuel Pego-Fernandes
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Paulo Francisco Guerreiro Cardoso
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
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6
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Zhou KX, Aoki FG, Marin A, Karoubi G, Haykal S, Waddell TK. De-Epithelialization Protocol with Tapered Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Concentrations Enhances Short-Term Chondrocyte Survival in Porcine Chimeric Tracheal Allografts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL STUDENTS 2023. [DOI: 10.5195/ijms.2023.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tracheal transplantation is indicated in cases where injury exceeds 50% of the organ in adults and 30% in children. However, transplantation is not yet considered a viable treatment option partly due to high morbidity and mortality associated with graft rejection. Recently, decellularization (decell) has been explored as a technique for creating bioengineered tracheal grafts. However, risk of post-operative stenosis increases due to the death of chondrocytes, which are critical to maintain the biochemical and mechanical integrity of tracheal cartilage. In this project, we propose a new de-epithelialization protocol that adequately removes epithelial, mucosal, and submucosal cells while maintaining a greater proportion of viable chondrocytes.
Methods: The trachea of adult male outbred Yorkshire pigs were extracted, decontaminated, and decellularized according to the original and new protocols before incubation at 37 °C in DMEM for 10 days. Chondrocyte viability was quantified immediately following post-decellularization and on days 1, 4, 7, and 10. Histology was performed pre-decellularization, post-decellularization, and post-incubation.
Results: The new protocol showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in chondrocyte viability up to four days after de-ep when compared to the original protocol. We also found that the new protocol preserves ECM composition to a similar degree as the original protocol. When scaffolds created using the new protocol were re-epithelialized, cell growth curves were near identical to published data from the original protocol.
Conclusion: While not without limitations, our new protocol may be used to engineer chimeric tracheal allografts without the need for cartilage regeneration.
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7
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Chan C, Liu L, Dharmadhikari S, Shontz KM, Tan ZH, Bergman M, Shaffer T, Tram NK, Breuer CK, Stacy MR, Chiang T. A Multimodal Approach to Quantify Chondrocyte Viability for Airway Tissue Engineering. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:512-520. [PMID: 35612419 PMCID: PMC9691794 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Partially decellularized tracheal scaffolds have emerged as a potential solution for long-segment tracheal defects. These grafts have exhibited regenerative capacity and the preservation of native mechanical properties resulting from the elimination of all highly immunogenic cell types while sparing weakly immunogenic cartilage. With partial decellularization, new considerations must be made about the viability of preserved chondrocytes. In this study, we propose a multimodal approach for quantifying chondrocyte viability for airway tissue engineering. METHODS Tracheal segments (5 mm) were harvested from C57BL/6 mice, and immediately stored in phosphate-buffered saline at -20°C (PBS-20) or biobanked via cryopreservation. Stored and control (fresh) tracheal grafts were implanted as syngeneic tracheal grafts (STG) for 3 months. STG was scanned with micro-computed tomography (μCT) in vivo. STG subjected to different conditions (fresh, PBS-20, or biobanked) were characterized with live/dead assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and von Kossa staining. RESULTS Live/dead assay detected higher chondrocyte viability in biobanked conditions compared to PBS-20. TUNEL staining indicated that storage conditions did not alter the proportion of apoptotic cells. Biobanking exhibited a lower calcification area than PBS-20 in 3-month post-implanted grafts. Higher radiographic density (Hounsfield units) measured by μCT correlated with more calcification within the tracheal cartilage. CONCLUSIONS We propose a strategy to assess chondrocyte viability that integrates with vivo imaging and histologic techniques, leveraging their respective strengths and weaknesses. These techniques will support the rational design of partially decellularized tracheal scaffolds. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A Laryngoscope, 133:512-520, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coreena Chan
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Lumei Liu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Sayali Dharmadhikari
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Kimberly M Shontz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Zheng Hong Tan
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Maxwell Bergman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Terri Shaffer
- Small Animal Imaging Facility, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Nguyen K Tram
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Christopher K Breuer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Mitchel R Stacy
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Tendy Chiang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
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8
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Greaney AM, Ramachandra AB, Yuan Y, Korneva A, Humphrey JD, Niklason LE. Decellularization compromises mechanical and structural properties of the native trachea. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2023; 9:100074. [PMID: 36967724 PMCID: PMC10036236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2023.100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tracheal replacement using tissue engineering technologies offers great potential to improve previously intractable clinical interventions, and interest in this area has increased in recent years. Many engineered airway constructs currently rely on decellularized native tracheas to serve as the scaffold for tissue repair. Yet, mechanical failure leading to airway narrowing and collapse remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality following clinical implantation of decellularized tracheal grafts. To understand better the factors contributing to mechanical failure in vivo, we characterized the histo-mechanical properties of tracheas following two different decellularization protocols, including one that has been used clinically. All decellularized tracheas deviated from native mechanical behavior, which may provide insights into observed in vivo graft failures. We further analyzed protein content by western blot and analyzed microstructure by histological staining and found that the specific method of decellularization resulted in significant differences in the depletion of proteoglycans and degradation of collagens I, II, III, and elastin. Taken together, this work demonstrates that the heterogeneous architecture and mechanical behavior of the trachea is severely compromised by decellularization. Such structural deterioration may contribute to graft failure clinically and limit the potential of decellularized native tracheas as viable long-term orthotopic airway replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Greaney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | | | - Yifan Yuan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Arina Korneva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Jay D. Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Laura E. Niklason
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Humacyte Inc., Durham, NC 27713, USA
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9
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de Wit RJJ, van Dis DJ, Bertrand ME, Tiemessen D, Siddiqi S, Oosterwijk E, Verhagen AFTM. Scaffold-based tissue engineering: Supercritical carbon dioxide as an alternative method for decellularization and sterilization of dense materials. Acta Biomater 2023; 155:323-332. [PMID: 36423818 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Development of ready-to-use biomaterials and scaffolds is vital for further advancement of scaffold-based tissue engineering in clinical practice. Scaffolds need to mimic 3D ultrastructure, have adequate mechanical strength, are biocompatible, non-immunogenic and need to promote tissue regeneration in vivo. Although decellularization of native tissues seems promising to deliver scaffolds that meet these criteria, adequate decellularization of hard, poorly penetrable and poorly diffusible tissues remains challenging whilst being a very time-consuming process. In this study, a method to decellularize hard, dense tissues using supercritical carbon-dioxide preceded by a freeze/thaw cycle and followed by several washing steps is presented, demonstrating decellularisation efficiency and substantially reduced production/handling time. Additionally, supercritical carbon-dioxide treatment was used as sterilization method, further reducing the time required to produce the final scaffold. Histological evaluation showed that, after fine-tuning of the process, a partially acellular scaffold was obtained, with preservation of glycosaminoglycans and collagen fibers, albeit that the amount of residual dsDNA was still higher then chemically decellularized tissue. Biomechanical properties of the scaffold were similar to the native, non-decellularized tissue. After sterilization with supercritical carbon-dioxide the simulated functional outcome was more similar to native trachea, when compared to sterilization using gamma irradiation. Thus, decellularization and sterilization using supercritical carbon-dioxide with washing steps is an effective method for dense cartilaginous materials, and tuneable to meet different demands in other applications, but further optimization may be required. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Further advancement of the use of tissue engineered tracheal constructs is restricted by the lack of the ideal scaffold. Decellularized trachea is considered a promising scaffold, but the hard, poorly diffusible tissue remains challenging while forming a very time consumable process. Decellularization using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) seems promising, resulting in efficient removal of cellular material while reducing production and handling time. Addition of scCO2 as a sterilization method resulted in further time reduction while improving functional outcome in comparison with traditional sterilization methods. This study presents an promising alternative method for decellularization and sterilization of dense materials, which can be tuned to meet different demands in other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J J de Wit
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, GE, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands.
| | - D J van Dis
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, GE, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | - M E Bertrand
- HCM Medical, Kerkenbos 10-113, BJ, Nijmegen 6546, The Netherlands
| | - D Tiemessen
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, GE, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | - S Siddiqi
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, GE, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | - E Oosterwijk
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, GE, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | - A F T M Verhagen
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, GE, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
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10
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Stocco E, Barbon S, Mammana M, Zambello G, Contran M, Parnigotto PP, Macchi V, Conconi MT, Rea F, De Caro R, Porzionato A. Preclinical and clinical orthotopic transplantation of decellularized/engineered tracheal scaffolds: A systematic literature review. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231151826. [PMID: 36874984 PMCID: PMC9974632 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231151826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe tracheal injuries that cannot be managed by mobilization and end-to-end anastomosis represent an unmet clinical need and an urgent challenge to face in surgical practice; within this scenario, decellularized scaffolds (eventually bioengineered) are currently a tempting option among tissue engineered substitutes. The success of a decellularized trachea is expression of a balanced approach in cells removal while preserving the extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture/mechanical properties. Revising the literature, many Authors report about different methods for acellular tracheal ECMs development; however, only few of them verified the devices effectiveness by an orthotopic implant in animal models of disease. To support translational medicine in this field, here we provide a systematic review on studies recurring to decellularized/bioengineered tracheas implantation. After describing the specific methodological aspects, orthotopic implant results are verified. Furtherly, the only three clinical cases of compassionate use of tissue engineered tracheas are reported with a focus on outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Stocco
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Veneto Region, Padova, Italy.,Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling-TES, Onlus, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Barbon
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Veneto Region, Padova, Italy.,Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling-TES, Onlus, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Mammana
- L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Veneto Region, Padova, Italy.,Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zambello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Contran
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Parnigotto
- Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling-TES, Onlus, Padova, Italy
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Veneto Region, Padova, Italy.,Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling-TES, Onlus, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Conconi
- Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling-TES, Onlus, Padova, Italy.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Rea
- L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Veneto Region, Padova, Italy.,Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Veneto Region, Padova, Italy.,Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling-TES, Onlus, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Veneto Region, Padova, Italy.,Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling-TES, Onlus, Padova, Italy
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11
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Braga GCD, Camargo CP, Harmsen MC, Correia AT, Souza S, Seelaender M, Nunes VA, dos Santos JF, Neri EA, Valadão IC, Moreira LFP, Gemperli R. A modified hydrogel production protocol to decrease cellular content. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e371005. [PMID: 36542042 PMCID: PMC9762429 DOI: 10.1590/acb371005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the cytotoxicity and cell in porcine-derived decellularized skin matrix. METHODS We analyzed the effect of multiple decellularization processes by histological analysis, DNA quantification, and flow cytometry. Subsequently, we analyzed the most appropriate hydrogel concentration to minimize cytotoxicity on fibroblast culture and to maximize cell proliferation. RESULTS After the fourth decellularization, the DNA quantification showed the lowest DNA concentration (< 50 ng/mg). Histological analysis showed no cell components in the hydrogel. Moreover, hematoxylin and eosin showed a heterogeneous structure of collagen fibers. The best hydrogel concentration ranged from 3 to 25%, and there was no significant difference between the 24 hours and seven days. CONCLUSIONS The process of hydrogel production was effective for removing cells and DNA elements. The best hydrogel concentration ranged from 3 to 25%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Catão Diniz Braga
- Bachelor. Universidade de São Paulo – Discipline of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery and Plastic Surgery Laboratory – School of Medicine – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Cristina Pires Camargo
- PhD. Universidade de São Paulo – Discipline of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery and Plastic Surgery Laboratory – School of Medicine – São Paulo (SP), Brazil.,Corresponding author:
- (55 11) 30620415
| | - Martin Conrad Harmsen
- PhD. Associate professor. University Medical Center Groningen – Laboratory for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine – Department of Pathology and Medical Biology – Hanzeplein 1, Netherlands
| | - Aristides Tadeu Correia
- PhD. Universidade de São Paulo – Department of Cardiopneumology – Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratory – Heart Institute of School of Medicine – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Sonia Souza
- Bachelor. Universidade de São Paulo – Department of Cardiopneumology – Cardiovascular Surgery and Circulatory Physiopathology Laboratory – School of Medicine – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Marilia Seelaender
- PhD. Associate professor. Universidade de São Paulo – Department of Clinical Surgery – School of Medicine – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Viviane Araujo Nunes
- PhD. Associate professor. Universidade de São Paulo – Department of Biotechnology – School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Jeniffer Farias dos Santos
- PhD. Universidade de São Paulo – Department of Biotechnology – School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Elida Adalgisa Neri
- PhD. Universidade de São Paulo – Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology – Heart Institute – School of Medicine – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Iuri Cordeiro Valadão
- PhD. Universidade de São Paulo – Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology – Heart Institute – School of Medicine – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Pinho Moreira
- PhD. Associate professor. Universidade de São Paulo – Department of Cardiopneumology, Cardiovascular Surgery and Circulatory Physiopathology Laboratory – School of Medicine – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Rolf Gemperli
- PhD. Full professor. Universidade de São Paulo – Discipline of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery and Plastic Surgery Laboratory – School of Medicine – São Paulo (SP) Brazil
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12
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Characterization of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix from Milkfish ( Chanos chanos) Skin. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7040213. [PMID: 36546913 PMCID: PMC9775165 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7040213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is an abundant fish commodity in the Philippines that generates a large number of wastes such as skin, scales, viscera, and bones, which, upon disposal, cause environmental pollution. The abundance of these wastes, such as fish skin, rich in bioactive natural products such as collagen, elicits interest in their conversion into high-market-value products. The decellularization of milkfish skin waste can extract its extracellular matrix (ECM), a potential raw material for biomedical applications such as the repair of damaged skin tissues. In particular, this study characterized the developed decellularized ECM with different concentrations (0.1%, 1.0%) of the decellularizing agents (Triton X-100, SDS) and temperature (4 °C, room temperature) using milkfish skin. The decellularized ECM structure was better preserved using Triton X-100, while SDS was more effective in cell component removal, especially at 1% concentration and 4 °C temperature. There were significant effects of varying the temperatures and concentrations on the physical and mechanical properties of the decellularized ECM. Future studies could explore more variables to further establish protocols and more analyses to better characterize the decellularized milkfish skin.
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13
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Gruber SMS, Murab S, Ghosh P, Whitlock PW, Lin CYJ. Direct 3D printing of decellularized matrix embedded composite polycaprolactone scaffolds for cartilage regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 140:213052. [PMID: 35930819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Treatment options for large osteochondral injuries (OCIs) are limited by donor tissue scarcity, morbidity, and anatomic mismatch. 3D printing technology can produce patient-specific scaffolds to address these large defects. Thermoplastics like polycaprolactone (PCL) offer necessary mechanical properties, but lack bioactivity. We fabricated 3D printed PCL scaffolds embedded with polylactic acid microspheres containing decellularized cartilage matrix (DM). DM incorporation within polylactic acid microspheres prevented its thermal degradation during the 3D printing process. The scaffolds replicated the mechanical properties of native cartilage and demonstrated controlled release of DM proteins. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) seeded on the composite scaffolds with DM and cultured in basal media self-assembled into aggregates mimicking mesenchymal condensates during embryonic development. The DM composite scaffolds also induced higher expression of biochemical markers of cartilage development than controls, providing evidence for their translational application in the treatment of OCIs. The present study demonstrates the potential of direct incorporation of DM with thermoplastics for 3D printing of patient-specific scaffolds for osteochondral regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey M S Gruber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sumit Murab
- BioX Centre, School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Paulomi Ghosh
- Division of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Patrick W Whitlock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chia-Ying J Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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14
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Insights into the use of genetically modified decellularized biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114413. [PMID: 35777666 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Various modifications have been performed on biomaterials to improve their applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the challenges of immunogenicity and biocompatibility existed since the application of biomaterials. As a method to solve this problem, the decellularization process removes most living cells from biomaterials to minimize their immunogenicity; and preserves the native structures and compositions that favour cell growth and the subsequent construction of functional tissue. On the other hand, genetic modification of biomaterials aims to achieve specific functions (low immunogenicity, osteogenesis, etc.) or analyse the genetic mechanisms underlying some diseases (cardiac dysfunction, liver fibrosis, etc.). The combination of decellularization and gene modification is highly superior to biomaterials; thus, we must obtain a deeper understanding of these novel biomaterials. In this review, we summarize the fabrication approaches and current applications of genetically modified decellularized biomaterials and then discuss their disadvantages and corresponding future perspectives.
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15
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Liu K, He Y, Lu F. Research Progress on the Immunogenicity and Regeneration of Acellular Adipose Matrix: A Mini Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:881523. [PMID: 35733521 PMCID: PMC9207478 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.881523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acellular adipose matrix (AAM) has received increasing attention for soft tissue reconstruction, due to its abundant source, high long-term retention rate and in vivo adipogenic induction ability. However, the current decellularization methods inevitably affect native extracellular matrix (ECM) properties, and the residual antigens can trigger adverse immune reactions after transplantation. The behavior of host inflammatory cells mainly decides the regeneration of AAM after transplantation. In this review, recent knowledge of inflammatory cells for acellular matrix regeneration will be discussed. These advancements will inform further development of AAM products with better properties.
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16
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Neishabouri A, Soltani Khaboushan A, Daghigh F, Kajbafzadeh AM, Majidi Zolbin M. Decellularization in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: Evaluation, Modification, and Application Methods. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:805299. [PMID: 35547166 PMCID: PMC9081537 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.805299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproduction of different tissues using scaffolds and materials is a major element in regenerative medicine. The regeneration of whole organs with decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) has remained a goal despite the use of these materials for different purposes. Recently, decellularization techniques have been widely used in producing scaffolds that are appropriate for regenerating damaged organs and may be able to overcome the shortage of donor organs. Decellularized ECM offers several advantages over synthetic compounds, including the preserved natural microenvironment features. Different decellularization methods have been developed, each of which is appropriate for removing cells from specific tissues under certain conditions. A variety of methods have been advanced for evaluating the decellularization process in terms of cell removal efficiency, tissue ultrastructure preservation, toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical resistance in order to enhance the efficacy of decellularization methods. Modification techniques improve the characteristics of decellularized scaffolds, making them available for the regeneration of damaged tissues. Moreover, modification of scaffolds makes them appropriate options for drug delivery, disease modeling, and improving stem cells growth and proliferation. However, considering different challenges in the way of decellularization methods and application of decellularized scaffolds, this field is constantly developing and progressively moving forward. This review has outlined recent decellularization and sterilization strategies, evaluation tests for efficient decellularization, materials processing, application, and challenges and future outlooks of decellularization in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afarin Neishabouri
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Children’s Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Soltani Khaboushan
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Children’s Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Daghigh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Children’s Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin, ; Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh,
| | - Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Children’s Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin, ; Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh,
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17
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Frejo L, Goldstein T, Swami P, Patel NA, Grande DA, Zeltsman D, Smith LP. A two-stage in vivo approach for implanting a 3D printed tissue-engineered tracheal replacement graft: A proof of concept. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 155:111066. [PMID: 35189447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To optimize a 3D printed tissue-engineered tracheal construct using a combined in vitro and a two-stage in vivo technique. METHODS A 3D-CAD (Computer-aided Design) template was created; rabbit chondrocytes were harvested and cultured. A Makerbot Replicator™ 2x was used to print a polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold which was then combined with a bio-ink and the previously harvested chondrocytes. In vitro: Cell viability was performed by live/dead assay using Calcein A/Ethidium. Gene expression was performed using quantitative real-time PCR for the following genes: Collagen Type I and type II, Sox-9, and Aggrecan. In vivo: Surgical implantation occurred in two stages: 1) Index procedure: construct was implanted within a pocket in the strap muscles for 21 days and, 2) Final surgery: construct with vascularized pedicle was rotated into a segmental tracheal defect for 3 or 6 weeks. Following euthanasia, the construct and native trachea were explanted and evaluated. RESULTS In vitro: After 14 days in culture the constructs showed >80% viable cells. Collagen type II and sox-9 were overexpressed in the construct from day 2 and by day 14 all genes were overexpressed when compared to chondrocytes in monolayer. IN VIVO By day 21 (immediately before the rotation), cartilage formation could be seen surrounding all the constructs. Mature cartilage was observed in the grafts after 6 or 9 weeks in vivo. CONCLUSION This two-stage approach for implanting a 3D printed tissue-engineered tracheal replacement construct has been optimized to yield a high-quality, printable segment with cellular growth and viability both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Frejo
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA
| | - Todd Goldstein
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Pooja Swami
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Neha A Patel
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Daniel A Grande
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - David Zeltsman
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, USA; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA
| | - Lee P Smith
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA.
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18
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ABSTRACTS (BY NUMBER). Tissue Eng Part A 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2022.29025.abstracts] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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19
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Kaye R, Cao A, Goldstein T, Grande DA, Zeltsman D, Smith LP. Biomechanical properties of the ex vivo porcine trachea: A benchmark for three-dimensional bioprinted airway replacements. Am J Otolaryngol 2022; 43:103217. [PMID: 34537505 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Combining tissue engineering and three-dimensional (3D) printing may allow for the introduction of a living functional tracheal replacement graft. However, defining the biomechanical properties of the native trachea is a key prerequisite to clinical translation. To achieve this, we set out to define the rotation, axial stretch capacity, and positive intraluminal pressure capabilities for ex vivo porcine tracheas. STUDY DESIGN Animal study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six full-length ex vivo porcine tracheas were bisected into 5.5 cm segments. Maximal positive intraluminal pressure was measured by sealing segment ends with custom designed 3D printed caps through which a pressure transducer was introduced. Axial stretch capacity and rotation were evaluated by stretching and rotating the segments along their axis between two clamps, respectively. RESULTS Six segments were tested for axial lengthening and the average post-stretch length percentage was 148.92% (range 136.81-163.48%, 95% CI 153-143%). The mean amount of length gain achieved per cartilaginous ring was 7.82% (range 4.71-10.95%, 95% CI 6.3-9.35%). Four tracheal segments were tested for maximal positive intraluminal pressure, which was over 400 mmHg. Degree of rotation testing found that the tracheal segments easily transformed 180° in anterior-posterior bending, lateral bending, and axial rotational twisting. CONCLUSIONS We define several biomechanical properties of the ex vivo porcine trachea by reporting the rotation, axial stretch capacity, and positive intraluminal pressure capabilities. We hope that this will aid future work in the clinical translation of 3D bioprinted airway replacement grafts and ensure their compatibility with native tracheal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kaye
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States of America.
| | - Angela Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein School of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Todd Goldstein
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States of America; The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States of America
| | - Daniel A Grande
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States of America; The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States of America
| | - David Zeltsman
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States of America; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Northwell Health System, New Hyde Park, NY, United States of America
| | - Lee P Smith
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States of America; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, United States of America
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20
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Lei C, Mei S, Zhou C, Xia C. Decellularized tracheal scaffolds in tracheal reconstruction: An evaluation of different techniques. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 19:22808000211064948. [PMID: 34903089 DOI: 10.1177/22808000211064948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the trachea is a conduit for ventilation connecting the throat and lungs. However, certain congenital or acquired diseases may cause long-term tracheal defects that require replacement. Tissue engineering is considered a promising method to reconstruct long-segment tracheal lesions and restore the structure and function of the trachea. Decellularization technology retains the natural structure of the trachea, has good biocompatibility and mechanical properties, and is currently a hotspot in tissue engineering studies. This article lists various recent representative protocols for the generation of decellularized tracheal scaffolds (DTSs), as well as their validity and limitations. Based on the advancements in decellularization methods, we discussed the impact and importance of mechanical properties, revascularization, recellularization, and biocompatibility in the production and implantation of DTS. This review provides a basis for future research on DTS and its application in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Lei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, The 903 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Kostelnik C, Hohn J, Escoto-Diaz CE, Kooistra JB, Stern M, Swinton DE, Richardson W, Carver W, Eberth J. Small-diameter artery decellularization: Effects of anionic detergent concentration and treatment duration on porcine internal thoracic arteries. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:885-897. [PMID: 34855280 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Engineered replacement materials have tremendous potential for vascular applications where over 400,000 damaged and diseased blood vessels are replaced annually in the United States alone. Unlike large diameter blood vessels, which are effectively replaced by synthetic materials, prosthetic small-diameter vessels are prone to early failure, restenosis, and reintervention surgery. We investigated the differential response of varying 0%-6% sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium deoxycholate anionic detergent concentrations after 24 and 72 h in the presence of DNase using biochemical, histological, and biaxial mechanical analyses to optimize the decellularization process for xenogeneic vascular tissue sources, specifically the porcine internal thoracic artery (ITA). Detergent concentrations greater than 1% were successful at removing cytoplasmic and cell surface proteins but not DNA content after 24 h. A progressive increase in porosity and decrease in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content was observed with detergent concentration. Augmented porosity was likely due to the removal of both cells and GAGs and could influence recellularization strategies. The treatment duration on the other hand, significantly improved decellularization by reducing DNA content to trace amounts after 72 h. Prolonged treatment times reduced laminin content and influenced the vessel's mechanical behavior in terms of altered circumferential stress and stretch while further increasing porosity. Collectively, DNase with 1% detergent for 72 h provided an effective and efficient decellularization strategy to be employed in the preparation of porcine ITAs as bypass graft scaffolding materials with minor biomechanical and histological penalties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colton Kostelnik
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Julia Hohn
- Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jesse B Kooistra
- Department of Biology, Winthrop University, Rock Hill, South Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew Stern
- Department of Biology, Winthrop University, Rock Hill, South Carolina, USA
| | - Derrick E Swinton
- Department of Chemistry, Claflin University, Orangeburg, South Carolina, USA
| | - William Richardson
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Wayne Carver
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - John Eberth
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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22
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Milian L, Sancho-Tello M, Roig-Soriano J, Foschini G, Martínez-Hernández NJ, Más-Estellés J, Ruiz-Sauri A, Zurriaga J, Carda C, Mata M. Optimization of a decellularization protocol of porcine tracheas. Long-term effects of cryopreservation. A histological study. Int J Artif Organs 2021; 44:998-1012. [PMID: 33863248 DOI: 10.1177/03913988211008912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to optimize a decellularization protocol in the trachea of Sus scrofa domestica (pig) as well as to study the effects of long-term cryopreservation on the extracellular matrix of decellularized tracheas. METHODS Porcine tracheas were decellularized using Triton X-100, SDC, and SDS alone or in combination. The effect of these detergents on the extracellular matrix characteristics of decellularized porcine tracheas was evaluated at the histological, biomechanical, and biocompatibility level. Morphometric approaches were used to estimate the effect of detergents on the collagen and elastic fibers content as well as on the removal of chondrocytes from decellularized organs. Moreover, the long-term structural, ultrastructural, and biomechanical effect of cryopreservation of decellularized tracheas were also estimated. RESULTS Two percent SDS was the most effective detergent tested concerning cell removal and preservation of the histological and biomechanical properties of the tracheal wall. However, long-term cryopreservation had no an appreciable effect on the structure, ultrastructure, and biomechanics of decellularized tracheal rings. CONCLUSION The results presented here reinforce the use of SDS as a valuable decellularizing agent for porcine tracheas. Furthermore, a cryogenic preservation protocol is described, which has minimal impact on the histological and biomechanical properties of decellularized porcine tracheas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Milian
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Research Foundation of the Clinical Hospital of the Comunidad Valenciana (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - María Sancho-Tello
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Research Foundation of the Clinical Hospital of the Comunidad Valenciana (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Joan Roig-Soriano
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Jorge Más-Estellés
- Biomaterials Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Amparo Ruiz-Sauri
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Research Foundation of the Clinical Hospital of the Comunidad Valenciana (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Zurriaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Carda
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Research Foundation of the Clinical Hospital of the Comunidad Valenciana (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research Network in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Mata
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Research Foundation of the Clinical Hospital of the Comunidad Valenciana (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research Network of Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Fu Q, Xia B, Huang X, Wang F, Chen Z, Chen G. Pro-angiogenic decellularized vessel matrix gel modified by silk fibroin for rapid vascularization of tissue engineering scaffold. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:1701-1713. [PMID: 33728794 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Current pro-angiogenic methods in the fields of tissue engineering always aim to enrich the vascular network but neglect to provide an appropriate environment for cells, which may lead to incomplete endothelium or thrombosis. Decellularized matrix gels derived from specific tissue are expected to be suitable for targeted tissue regeneration because they preserve the biochemical properties of the native tissue. Decellularized vascular matrix gel (DVMG) has shown promise for rapid vascularization. However, DVMG is difficult to directly apply due to its weak mechanical properties and rapid degradation. In this work, silk fibroin (SF) was introduced to the DVMG to improve the physical properties of the hybrid scaffolds. The performances of the SF/DVMG scaffolds were characterized, and the results showed that SF effectively improved the overall mechanical properties of the scaffold and decreased the degradation rate. SF/DVMG scaffolds also showed good cell growth promotion effects in vitro. After the scaffolds were subcutaneously implanted in the dorsa of rats, more CD34-positive endothelial cells were expressed in the DVMG-containing scaffolds, and the number of vascular loops significantly increased compared to that of the pure SF scaffold control. The development of DVMG creates more possibilities for the rapid vascular network generation of clinically engineered scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuping Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongmin Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Guobao Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
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24
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Greaney AM, Niklason LE. The History of Engineered Tracheal Replacements: Interpreting the Past and Guiding the Future. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2021; 27:341-352. [PMID: 33045942 PMCID: PMC8390779 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of a tracheal graft to replace long-segment defects has thwarted clinicians and engineers alike for over 100 years. To better understand the challenges facing this field today, we have consolidated all published reports of engineered tracheal grafts used to repair long-segment circumferential defects in humans, from the first in 1898 to the most recent in 2018, totaling 290 clinical cases. Distinct trends emerge in the types of grafts used over time, including repair using autologous fascia, rigid tubes of various inert materials, and pretreated cadaveric allografts. Our analysis of maximum clinical follow-up, as a proxy for graft performance, revealed that the Leuven protocol has a significantly longer clinical follow-up time than all other methods of airway reconstruction. This method involves transplanting a cadaveric tracheal allograft that is first prevascularized heterotopically in the recipient. We further quantified graft-related causes of mortality, revealing failure modes that have been resolved, and those that remain a hurdle, such as graft mechanics. Finally, we briefly summarize recent preclinical work in tracheal graft development. In conclusion, we synthesized top clinical care priorities and design criteria to inform and inspire collaboration between engineers and clinicians toward the development of a functional tracheal replacement graft. Impact statement The field of tracheal engineering has floundered in recent years due to multiple article retractions. However, with recent advances in biofabrication and tissue analysis techniques, the field remains ripe for advancement through collaboration between engineers and clinicians. With a long history of clinical application of tracheal replacements, engineered tracheas are arguably the regenerative technology with the greatest potential for translation. This work describes the many phases of engineered tracheal replacements that have been applied in human patients over the past 100 years with the goal of carrying forward critical lessons into development of the next generation of engineered tracheal graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Greaney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Laura E. Niklason
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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25
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Blum JC, Schenck TL, Birt A, Giunta RE, Wiggenhauser PS. Artificial decellularized extracellular matrix improves the regenerative capacity of adipose tissue derived stem cells on 3D printed polycaprolactone scaffolds. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211022242. [PMID: 34262685 PMCID: PMC8246490 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211022242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ideal tissue engineering frameworks should be both an optimal biological microenvironment and a shape and stability providing framework. In this study we tried to combine the advantages of cell-derived artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) with those of 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds. In Part A, both chondrogenic and osteogenic ECMs were produced by human adipose derived stem cells (hASCs) on 3D-printed PCL scaffolds and then decellularized to create cell free functionalized PCL scaffolds, named acPCL and aoPCL respectively. The decellularization resulted in a significant reduction of the DNA content as well as the removal of nuclei while the ECM was largely preserved. In Part B the bioactivation and the effect of the ac/aoPCL scaffolds on the proliferation, differentiation, and gene expression of hASCs was investigated. The ac/aoPCL scaffolds were found to be non-toxic and allow good adhesion, but do not affect proliferation. In the in vitro investigation of cartilage regeneration, biochemical analysis showed that acPCL scaffolds have an additional effect on chondrogenic differentiation as gene expression analysis showed markers of cartilage hypertrophy. The aoPCL showed a large influence on the differentiation of hASCs. In control medium they were able to stimulate hASCs to produce calcium alone and all genes relevant investigated for osteogenesis were significantly higher expressed on aoPCL than on unmodified PCL. Therefore, we believe that ac/aoPCL scaffolds have a high potential to improve regenerative capacity of unmodified PCL scaffolds and should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana C Blum
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thilo L Schenck
- Department of Breast Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Surgery, Frauenklinik Dr. Geisenhofer GmbH, München, Germany
| | - Alexandra Birt
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Riccardo E Giunta
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Paul S Wiggenhauser
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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26
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Sun F, Lu Y, Wang Z, Shi H. Vascularization strategies for tissue engineering for tracheal reconstruction. Regen Med 2021; 16:549-566. [PMID: 34114475 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering technology provides effective alternative treatments for tracheal reconstruction. The formation of a functional microvascular network is essential to support cell metabolism and ensure the long-term survival of grafts. Although several tracheal replacement therapy strategies have been developed in the past, the critical significance of the formation of microvascular networks in 3D scaffolds has not attracted sufficient attention. Here, we review key technologies and related factors of microvascular network construction in tissue-engineered trachea and explore optimized preparation processes of vascularized functional tissues for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine for Prevention & Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Yi Lu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine for Prevention & Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine for Prevention & Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Hongcan Shi
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine for Prevention & Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
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27
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Wang Z, Sun F, Lu Y, Zhang B, Zhang G, Shi H. Rapid Preparation Method for Preparing Tracheal Decellularized Scaffolds: Vacuum Assistance and Optimization of DNase I. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:10637-10644. [PMID: 34056217 PMCID: PMC8153783 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized scaffolds are an effective way for tracheal tissue engineering to perform alternative treatments. However, clinically used decellularized tracheal scaffolds have a long preparation cycle. The purpose of this study is to improve the efficiency of decellularization by vacuum assistance and optimizing the concentration of DNase I in the decellularization process and to quickly obtain tracheal decellularized scaffolds. The trachea of New Zealand white rabbits was decellularized with 2, 4, 6, and 8 KU/mL DNase I under vacuum. The performance of the decellularized tracheal scaffold was evaluated through histological analysis, immunohistochemical staining, DNA residue, extracellular matrix composition, scanning electron microscopy, mechanical properties, cell compatibility, and in vivo experiments. Histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining showed that compared with the native trachea, the hierarchical structure of the decellularized trachea remained unchanged after decellularization, nonchondrocytes were effectively removed, and the antigenicity of the scaffold was significantly weakened. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) quantitative analysis showed that the amount of residual DNA in the 6-KU group was significantly decreased. Scanning electron microscopy and mechanical tests showed that small gaps appeared in the basement membrane of the 6-KU group, and the mechanical properties decreased. The CCK-8 test results and in vivo experiments showed that the 6-KU group's acellular scaffold had good cell compatibility and new blood vessels were visible on the surface. Taken together, the 6-KU group could quickly prepare rabbit tracheal scaffolds with good decellularization effects in only 2 days, which significantly shortened the preparation cycle reducing the required cost.
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28
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Almeida HV, Tenreiro MF, Louro AF, Abecasis B, Santinha D, Calmeiro T, Fortunato E, Ferreira L, Alves PM, Serra M. Human Extracellular-Matrix Functionalization of 3D hiPSC-Based Cardiac Tissues Improves Cardiomyocyte Maturation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1888-1899. [PMID: 35014458 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) possess significant therapeutic potential due to their high self-renewal capability and potential to differentiate into specialized cells such as cardiomyocytes. However, generated hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) are still immature, with phenotypic and functional features resembling the fetal rather than their adult counterparts, which limits their application in cell-based therapies, in vitro cardiac disease modeling, and drug cardiotoxicity screening. Recent discoveries have demonstrated the potential of the extracellular matrix (ECM) as a critical regulator in development, homeostasis, and injury of the cardiac microenvironment. Within this context, this work aimed to assess the impact of human cardiac ECM in the phenotype and maturation features of hiPSC-CM. Human ECM was isolated from myocardium tissue through a physical decellularization approach. The cardiac tissue decellularization process reduced DNA content significantly while maintaining ECM composition in terms of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (s-GAG) and collagen content. These ECM particles were successfully incorporated in three-dimensional (3D) hiPSC-CM aggregates (CM+ECM) with no impact on viability and metabolic activity throughout 20 days in 3D culture conditions. Also, CM+ECM aggregates displayed organized and longer sarcomeres, with improved calcium handling when compared to hiPSC-CM aggregates. This study shows that human cardiac ECM functionalization of hiPSC-based cardiac tissues improves cardiomyocyte maturation. The knowledge generated herein provides essential insights to streamline the application of ECM in the development of hiPSC-based therapies targeting cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique V Almeida
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Miguel F Tenreiro
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana F Louro
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Abecasis
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Deolinda Santinha
- CNC, Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tomás Calmeiro
- CENIMAT
- i3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- CENIMAT
- i3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Lino Ferreira
- CNC, Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M Alves
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida Serra
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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29
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Liu L, Stephens B, Bergman M, May A, Chiang T. Role of Collagen in Airway Mechanics. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:13. [PMID: 33467161 PMCID: PMC7830870 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen is the most abundant airway extracellular matrix component and is the primary determinant of mechanical airway properties. Abnormal airway collagen deposition is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of airway disease. Thus, understanding how collagen affects healthy airway tissue mechanics is essential. The impact of abnormal collagen deposition and tissue stiffness has been an area of interest in pulmonary diseases such as cystic fibrosis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this review, we discuss (1) the role of collagen in airway mechanics, (2) macro- and micro-scale approaches to quantify airway mechanics, and (3) pathologic changes associated with collagen deposition in airway diseases. These studies provide important insights into the role of collagen in airway mechanics. We summarize their achievements and seek to provide biomechanical clues for targeted therapies and regenerative medicine to treat airway pathology and address airway defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumei Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA;
| | - Brooke Stephens
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Maxwell Bergman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Anne May
- Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Tendy Chiang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA;
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
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30
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Pennarossa G, Arcuri S, De Iorio T, Gandolfi F, Brevini TAL. Current Advances in 3D Tissue and Organ Reconstruction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E830. [PMID: 33467648 PMCID: PMC7830719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bi-dimensional culture systems have represented the most used method to study cell biology outside the body for over a century. Although they convey useful information, such systems may lose tissue-specific architecture, biomechanical effectors, and biochemical cues deriving from the native extracellular matrix, with significant alterations in several cellular functions and processes. Notably, the introduction of three-dimensional (3D) platforms that are able to re-create in vitro the structures of the native tissue, have overcome some of these issues, since they better mimic the in vivo milieu and reduce the gap between the cell culture ambient and the tissue environment. 3D culture systems are currently used in a broad range of studies, from cancer and stem cell biology, to drug testing and discovery. Here, we describe the mechanisms used by cells to perceive and respond to biomechanical cues and the main signaling pathways involved. We provide an overall perspective of the most recent 3D technologies. Given the breadth of the subject, we concentrate on the use of hydrogels, bioreactors, 3D printing and bioprinting, nanofiber-based scaffolds, and preparation of a decellularized bio-matrix. In addition, we report the possibility to combine the use of 3D cultures with functionalized nanoparticles to obtain highly predictive in vitro models for use in the nanomedicine field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Pennarossa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety and Center for Stem Cell Research, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (S.A.); (T.D.I.)
| | - Sharon Arcuri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety and Center for Stem Cell Research, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (S.A.); (T.D.I.)
| | - Teresina De Iorio
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety and Center for Stem Cell Research, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (S.A.); (T.D.I.)
| | - Fulvio Gandolfi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy and Center for Stem Cell Research, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Tiziana A. L. Brevini
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety and Center for Stem Cell Research, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (S.A.); (T.D.I.)
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31
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Boys AJ, Barron SL, Tilev D, Owens RM. Building Scaffolds for Tubular Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:589960. [PMID: 33363127 PMCID: PMC7758256 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.589960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hollow organs and tissue systems drive various functions in the body. Many of these hollow or tubular systems, such as vasculature, the intestines, and the trachea, are common targets for tissue engineering, given their relevance to numerous diseases and body functions. As the field of tissue engineering has developed, numerous benchtop models have been produced as platforms for basic science and drug testing. Production of tubular scaffolds for different tissue engineering applications possesses many commonalities, such as the necessity for producing an intact tubular opening and for formation of semi-permeable epithelia or endothelia. As such, the field has converged on a series of manufacturing techniques for producing these structures. In this review, we discuss some of the most common tissue engineered applications within the context of tubular tissues and the methods by which these structures can be produced. We provide an overview of the general structure and anatomy for these tissue systems along with a series of general design criteria for tubular tissue engineering. We categorize methods for manufacturing tubular scaffolds as follows: casting, electrospinning, rolling, 3D printing, and decellularization. We discuss state-of-the-art models within the context of vascular, intestinal, and tracheal tissue engineering. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the future for these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roisin M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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32
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Chakraborty J, Roy S, Ghosh S. Regulation of decellularized matrix mediated immune response. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1194-1215. [PMID: 31930231 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01780a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The substantially growing gap between suitable donors and patients waiting for new organ transplantation has compelled tissue engineers to look for suitable patient-specific alternatives. Lately, a decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), obtained primarily from either discarded human tissues/organs or other species, has shown great promise in the constrained availability of high-quality donor tissues. In this review, we have addressed critical gaps and often-ignored aspects of understanding the innate and adaptive immune response to the dECM. Firstly, although most of the studies claim preservation of the ECM ultrastructure, almost all methods employed for decellularization would inevitably cause a certain degree of disruption to the ECM ultrastructure and modulation in secondary conformations, which may elicit a distinct immunogenic response. Secondly, it is still a major challenge to find ways to conserve the native biochemical, structural and biomechanical cues by making a judicious decision regarding the choice of decellularization agents/techniques. We have critically analyzed various decellularization protocols and tried to find answers on various aspects such as whether the secondary structural conformation of dECM proteins would be preserved after decellularization. Thirdly, to keep the dECM ultrastructure as close to the native ECM we have raised the question "How good is good enough?" Even residual cellular antigens or nucleic acid fragments may elicit antigenicity leading to a low-grade immune response. A combinative knowledge of macrophage plasticity in the decellularized tissue and limits of decellularization will help achieve the native ultrastructure. Lastly, we have shifted our focus on the scientific basis of the presently accepted criteria for decellularization, and the effect on immune response concerning the interaction between the decellularized extracellular matrix and macrophages with the subsequent influence of T-cell activation. Amalgamating suitable decellularization approaches, sufficient knowledge of macrophage plasticity and elucidation of molecular pathways together will help fabricate functional immune informed decellularized tissues in vitro that will have substantial implications for efficient clinical translation and prediction for in vivo reprogramming and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Chakraborty
- Regenerative Engineering Laboratory, Department of Textile & Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 110016 India.
| | - Subhadeep Roy
- Regenerative Engineering Laboratory, Department of Textile & Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 110016 India.
| | - Sourabh Ghosh
- Regenerative Engineering Laboratory, Department of Textile & Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 110016 India.
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33
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McCrary MW, Bousalis D, Mobini S, Song YH, Schmidt CE. Decellularized tissues as platforms for in vitro modeling of healthy and diseased tissues. Acta Biomater 2020; 111:1-19. [PMID: 32464269 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical engineers are at the forefront of developing novel treatments to improve human health, however, many products fail to translate to clinical implementation. In vivo pre-clinical animal models, although the current best approximation of complex disease conditions, are limited by reproducibility, ethical concerns, and poor accurate prediction of human response. Hence, there is a need to develop physiologically relevant, low cost, scalable, and reproducible in vitro platforms to provide reliable means for testing drugs, biomaterials, and tissue engineered products for successful clinical translation. One emerging approach of developing physiologically relevant in vitro models utilizes decellularized tissues/organs as biomaterial platforms for 2D and 3D models of healthy and diseased tissue. Decellularization is a process that removes cellular content and produces tissue-specific extracellular matrix scaffolds that can more accurately recapitulate an organ/tissue's native microenvironment compared to other natural or synthetic materials. Decellularized tissues hold enormous potential for in vitro modeling of various disease phenotypes and tissue responses to drugs or external conditions such as aging, toxin exposure, or even implantation. In this review, we highlight the need for in vitro models, the advantages and limitations of implementing decellularized tissues, and considerations of the decellularization process. We discuss current research efforts towards applying decellularized tissues as platforms to generate in vitro models of healthy and diseased tissues, and where we foresee the field progressing. A variety of organs/tissues are discussed, including brain, heart, kidney, large intestine, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, skin, and tongue. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Many biomedical products fail to reach clinical translation due to animal model limitations. Development of physiologically relevant in vitro models can provide a more economic, scalable, and reproducible means of testing drugs/therapeutics for successful clinical translation. The use of decellularized tissues as platforms for in vitro models holds promise, as these scaffolds can effectively replicate native tissue complexity, but is not widely explored. This review discusses the need for in vitro models, the promise of decellularized tissues as biomaterial substrates, and the current research applying decellularized tissues towards the creation of in vitro models. Further, this review provides insights into the current limitations and future of such in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela W McCrary
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr. BMS J257, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
| | - Deanna Bousalis
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr. BMS J257, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
| | - Sahba Mobini
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr. BMS J257, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States; Instituto de Micro y Nanotechnología, IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Calle Isaac Newton 8, 28760 Madrid, Tres Cantos, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Nicolás Cabrera, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Young Hye Song
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr. BMS J257, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 134 White Hall, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States.
| | - Christine E Schmidt
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr. BMS J257, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
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Wang Z, Sun F, Lu Y, Pan S, Yang W, Zhang G, Ma J, Shi H. Rapid preparation of decellularized trachea as a 3D scaffold for organ engineering. Int J Artif Organs 2020; 44:55-64. [PMID: 32448040 DOI: 10.1177/0391398820924041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To shorten the preparation time of rabbit decellularized tracheal matrix through a modified detergent-enzymatic method with higher concentration of DNase (50 kU/mL), providing an experimental and theoretical basis for clinical decellularization technology. METHODS The control group was a natural trachea, and the experimental group was a tracheal matrix subjected to two and four decellularization cycles. The performance of each group of samples was evaluated by histology and immunohistochemical staining, scanning electron microscopy, biomechanical property testing, inoculation and cytotoxicity tests, and allograft experiments. RESULTS The results showed that the nuclei of the nonchondral areas of the tracheal stroma were essentially completely removed and MHC-I and MHC-II antigens were removed after two decellularization cycles. Histological staining and scanning electron microscopy showed that the extracellular matrix was retained and the basement membrane was intact. Cell inoculation and proliferation tests confirmed that the acellular tracheal matrix had good biocompatibility, and the proliferation capacity of bone mesenchymal stem cells on the matrix was increased in the experimental group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Histological staining and CD68 molecular marker analysis after the allograft experiment showed that the inflammatory response of the acellular tracheal matrix was weak and the infiltration of surrounding macrophages was reduced. CONCLUSION A modified detergent-enzymatic method with an increased DNase (50 kU/mL) concentration requires only two cycles (4 days) to obtain a decellularized rabbit tracheal matrix with a short preparation time, good biocompatibility, suitable mechanical properties, and reduced preparation cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shu Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongcan Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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35
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Capella-Monsonís H, Tilbury MA, Wall JG, Zeugolis DI. Porcine mesothelium matrix as a biomaterial for wound healing applications. Mater Today Bio 2020; 7:100057. [PMID: 32577613 PMCID: PMC7305392 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing economic burden of wound healing in healthcare systems requires the development of functional therapies. Xenografts with preserved extracellular matrix (ECM) structure and biofunctional components overcome major limitations of autografts and allografts (e.g. availability) and artificial biomaterials (e.g. foreign body response). Although porcine mesothelium is extensively used in clinical practice, it is under-investigated for wound healing applications. Herein, we compared the biochemical and biological properties of the only two commercially available porcine mesothelium grafts (Meso Biomatrix® and Puracol® Ultra ECM) to traditionally used wound healing grafts (Endoform™, ovine forestomach and MatriStem®, porcine urinary bladder) and biomaterials (Promogran™, collagen/oxidized regenerated cellulose). The Endoform™ and the Puracol® Ultra ECM showed the highest (p<0.05) soluble collagen and elastin content. The MatriStem® had the highest (p<0.05) basic fibroblast growth factor (FGFb) content, whereas the Meso Biomatrix® had the highest (p<0.05) transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) content. All materials showed tissue-specific structure and composition. The Endoform™ and the Meso Biomatrix® had some nuclei residual matter. All tissue grafts showed similar (p>0.05) response to enzymatic degradation, whereas the Promogran™ was not completely degraded by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and was completely degraded by elastase. The Promogran™ showed the highest (p<0.05) permeability to bacterial infiltration. The Promogran™ showed by far the lowest dermal fibroblast and THP-1 attachment and growth. All tested materials showed significantly lower (p<0.05) tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression than the lipopolysaccharides group. The MatriStem® and the Puracol® Ultra ECM promoted the highest (p<0.05) number of micro-vessel formation, whereas the Promogran™ the lowest (p<0.05). Collectively, these data confer that porcine mesothelium has the potential to be used as a wound healing material, considering its composition, resistance to enzymatic degradation, cytocompatibility, and angiogenic potential.
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Key Words
- Angiogenesis
- CORC-PG, collagen/oxidized regenerated cellulose—Promogran™
- Collagen devices
- DMEM, Dulbecco's modified eagle medium
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Functional biomaterials
- HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- Immune response
- LB, lysogenic broth
- LPS, lipopolysaccharides
- OF-EF, ovine forestomach—Endoform™
- P/S, penicillin/streptomycin
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PFA, paraformaldehyde
- PM-MB, porcine mesothelium—Meso Biomatrix®
- PM-PC, porcine mesothelium—Puracol® Ultra ECM
- PUB-MS, porcine urinary bladder—MatriStem®
- SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- Xenografts
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Affiliation(s)
- H Capella-Monsonís
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - M A Tilbury
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.,Department of Microbiology, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - J G Wall
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.,Department of Microbiology, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - D I Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
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36
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Jung SY, Tran ANT, Kim HY, Choi E, Lee SJ, Kim HS. Development of Acellular Respiratory Mucosal Matrix Using Porcine Tracheal Mucosa. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:433-443. [PMID: 32390116 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory mucosa defects result in airway obstruction and infection, requiring subsequent functional recovery of the respiratory epithelium. Because site-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) facilitates restoration of organ function by promoting cellular migration and engraftment, previous studies considered decellularized trachea an ideal ECM; however, incomplete cell removal from cartilage and mucosal-architecture destruction are frequently reported. Here, we developed a decellularization protocol and applied it to the respiratory mucosa of separated porcine tracheas. METHODS The trachea was divided into groups according to decellularization protocol: native mucosa, freezing-thawing (FT), FT followed by the use of Perasafe-based chemical agents before mucosal separation (wFTP), after mucosal separation (mFTP), and followed by DNase decellularization (mFTD). Decellularization efficacy was evaluated by DNA quantification and hematoxylin and eosin staining, and ECM content of the scaffold was evaluated by histologic analysis and glycosaminoglycan and collagen assays. Biocompatibility was assessed by cell-viability assay and in vivo transplantation. RESULTS The mFTP mucosa showed low antigenicity and maintained the ECM to form a proper microstructure. Additionally, tonsil-derived stem cells remained viable when cultured with or seeded onto mFTP mucosa, and the in vivo host response showed a constructive pattern following implantation of the mFTP scaffolds. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that xenogenic acellular respiratory mucosa matrix displayed suitable biocompatibility as a scaffold material for respiratory mucosa engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeon Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Anyangcheon-ro 1071, Yang Cheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - An Nguyen-Thuy Tran
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Anyangcheon-ro 1071, Yang Cheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Ha Yeong Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Anyangcheon-ro 1071, Yang Cheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Euno Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Anyangcheon-ro 1071, Yang Cheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Han Su Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Anyangcheon-ro 1071, Yang Cheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea.
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37
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Rajab TK, O’Malley TJ, Tchantchaleishvili V. Decellularized scaffolds for tissue engineering: Current status and future perspective. Artif Organs 2020; 44:1031-1043. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J. O’Malley
- Division of Cardiac Surgery Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA USA
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38
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García-Gareta E, Abduldaiem Y, Sawadkar P, Kyriakidis C, Lali F, Greco KV. Decellularised scaffolds: just a framework? Current knowledge and future directions. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420942903. [PMID: 32742632 PMCID: PMC7376382 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420942903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of decellularised matrices as scaffolds offers the advantage of great similarity with the tissue to be replaced. Moreover, decellularised tissues and organs can be repopulated with the patient's own cells to produce bespoke therapies. Great progress has been made in research and development of decellularised scaffolds, and more recently, these materials are being used in exciting new areas like hydrogels and bioinks. However, much effort is still needed towards preserving the original extracellular matrix composition, especially its minor components, assessing its functionality and scaling up for large tissues and organs. Emphasis should also be placed on developing new decellularisation methods and establishing minimal criteria for assessing the success of the decellularisation process. The aim of this review is to critically review the existing literature on decellularised scaffolds, especially on the preparation of these matrices, and point out areas for improvement, finishing with alternative uses of decellularised scaffolds other than tissue and organ reconstruction. Such uses include three-dimensional ex vivo platforms for idiopathic diseases and cancer modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena García-Gareta
- The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park
and Saint Mark’s Hospital, London, UK
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The
RAFT Institute and The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park and Saint Mark’s Hospital,
London, UK
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue
Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yousef Abduldaiem
- The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park
and Saint Mark’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Prasad Sawadkar
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The
RAFT Institute and The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park and Saint Mark’s Hospital,
London, UK
| | - Christos Kyriakidis
- The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park
and Saint Mark’s Hospital, London, UK
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The
RAFT Institute and The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park and Saint Mark’s Hospital,
London, UK
| | - Ferdinand Lali
- The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park
and Saint Mark’s Hospital, London, UK
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39
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McCrary MW, Vaughn NE, Hlavac N, Song YH, Wachs RA, Schmidt CE. Novel Sodium Deoxycholate-Based Chemical Decellularization Method for Peripheral Nerve. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 26:23-36. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2019.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela W. McCrary
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Natalie E. Vaughn
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Nora Hlavac
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Young Hye Song
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Rebecca A. Wachs
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Christine E. Schmidt
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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40
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Aoki FG, Varma R, Marin-Araujo AE, Lee H, Soleas JP, Li AH, Soon K, Romero D, Moriya HT, Haykal S, Amon C, Waddell TK, Karoubi G. De-epithelialization of porcine tracheal allografts as an approach for tracheal tissue engineering. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12034. [PMID: 31427611 PMCID: PMC6700109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Replacement of large tracheal defects remains an unmet clinical need. While recellularization of acellular tracheal grafts appeared to be a viable pathway, evidence from the clinic suggests otherwise. In hindsight, complete removal of chondrocytes and repopulation of the tracheal chondroid matrix to achieve functional tracheal cartilage may have been unrealistic. In contrast, the concept of a hybrid graft whereby the epithelium is removed and the immune-privileged cartilage is preserved is a radically different path with initial reports indicating potential clinical success. Here, we present a novel approach using a double-chamber bioreactor to de-epithelialize tracheal grafts and subsequently repopulate the grafts with exogenous cells. A 3 h treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate perfused through the inner chamber efficiently removes the majority of the tracheal epithelium while the outer chamber, perfused with growth media, keeps most (68.6 ± 7.3%) of the chondrocyte population viable. De-epithelialized grafts support human bronchial epithelial cell (BEAS-2B) attachment, viability and growth over 7 days. While not without limitations, our approach suggests value in the ultimate use of a chimeric allograft with intact donor cartilage re-epithelialized with recipient-derived epithelium. By adopting a brief and partial decellularization approach, specifically removing the epithelium, we avoid the need for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio G Aoki
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, University of Sao Paulo, Escola Politecnica, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto 380, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-010, Brazil
| | - Ratna Varma
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Alba E Marin-Araujo
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Hankyu Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - John P Soleas
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Alexander H Li
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kayla Soon
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - David Romero
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Henrique T Moriya
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, University of Sao Paulo, Escola Politecnica, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto 380, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-010, Brazil
| | - Siba Haykal
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Cristina Amon
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada.,Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Thomas K Waddell
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada. .,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada.
| | - Golnaz Karoubi
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada. .,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada.
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41
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Ferdowsi Khosroshahi A, Soleimani Rad J, Kheirjou R, Roshangar B, Rashtbar M, Salehi R, Ranjkesh MR, Roshangar L. Adipose tissue‐derived stem cells upon decellularized ovine small intestine submucosa for tissue regeneration: An optimization and comparison method. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1556-1567. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahad Ferdowsi Khosroshahi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Razie Kheirjou
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Babak Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Morteza Rashtbar
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center Guilan University of Medical Science Rasht Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Biomedical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ranjkesh
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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42
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Guimaraes A, Correia A, Alves B, Da Silva R, Martins J, Pêgo-Fernandes P, Xavier N, Dolhnikoff M, Cardoso P. Evaluation of a Physical-Chemical Protocol for Porcine Tracheal Decellularization. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:1611-1613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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43
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Zhong Y, Yang W, Yin Pan Z, Pan S, Zhang SQ, Hao Wang Z, Gu S, Shi H. In vivo transplantation of stem cells with a genipin linked scaffold for tracheal construction. J Biomater Appl 2019; 34:47-60. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328219839193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zi Yin Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shu Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Si Quan Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sijia Gu
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongcan Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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44
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Karnik T, Dempsey SG, Jerram MJ, Nagarajan A, Rajam R, May BCH, Miller CH. Ionic silver functionalized ovine forestomach matrix - a non-cytotoxic antimicrobial biomaterial for tissue regeneration applications. Biomater Res 2019; 23:6. [PMID: 30834142 PMCID: PMC6387525 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-019-0155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial technologies, including silver-containing medical devices, are increasingly utilized in clinical regimens to mitigate risks of microbial colonization. Silver-functionalized resorbable biomaterials for use in wound management and tissue regeneration applications have a narrow therapeutic index where antimicrobial effectiveness may be outweighed by adverse cytotoxicity. We examined the effects of ionic silver functionalization of an extracellular matrix (ECM) biomaterial derived from ovine forestomach (OFM-Ag) in terms of material properties, antimicrobial effectiveness and cytotoxicity profile. METHODS Material properties of OFM-Ag were assessed by via biochemical analysis, microscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and differential scanning calorimetry. The silver release profile of OFM-Ag was profiled by AAS and antimicrobial effectiveness testing utilized to determine the minimum effective concentration of silver in OFM-Ag in addition to the antimicrobial spectrum and wear time. Biofilm prevention properties of OFM-Ag in comparison to silver containing collagen dressing materials was quantified via in vitro crystal violet assay using a polymicrobial model. Toxicity of ionic silver, OFM-Ag and silver containing collagen dressing materials was assessed toward mammalian fibroblasts using elution cytoxicity testing. RESULTS OFM-Ag retained the native ECM compositional and structural characteristic of non-silver functionalized ECM material while imparting broad spectrum antimicrobial effectiveness toward 11 clinically relevant microbial species including fungi and drug resistant strains, maintaining effectiveness over a wear time duration of 7-days. OFM-Ag demonstrated significant prevention of polymicrobial biofilm formation compared to non-antimicrobial and silver-containing collagen dressing materials. Where silver-containing collagen dressing materials exhibited cytotoxic effects toward mammalian fibroblasts, OFM-Ag was determined to be non-cytotoxic, silver elution studies indicated sustained retention of silver in OFM-Ag as a possible mechanism for the attenuated cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrates ECM biomaterials may be functionalized with silver to favourably shift the balance between detrimental cytotoxic potential and beneficial antimicrobial effects, while preserving the ECM structure and function of utility in tissue regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Karnik
- Aroa Biosurgery, 2 Kingsford Smith Place, PO Box 107111, Auckland Airport, Auckland, 2150 New Zealand
| | - Sandi G. Dempsey
- Aroa Biosurgery, 2 Kingsford Smith Place, PO Box 107111, Auckland Airport, Auckland, 2150 New Zealand
| | - Micheal J. Jerram
- Aroa Biosurgery, 2 Kingsford Smith Place, PO Box 107111, Auckland Airport, Auckland, 2150 New Zealand
| | - Arun Nagarajan
- Aroa Biosurgery, 2 Kingsford Smith Place, PO Box 107111, Auckland Airport, Auckland, 2150 New Zealand
| | - Ravindra Rajam
- Aroa Biosurgery, 2 Kingsford Smith Place, PO Box 107111, Auckland Airport, Auckland, 2150 New Zealand
| | - Barnaby C. H. May
- Aroa Biosurgery, 2 Kingsford Smith Place, PO Box 107111, Auckland Airport, Auckland, 2150 New Zealand
| | - Christopher H. Miller
- Aroa Biosurgery, 2 Kingsford Smith Place, PO Box 107111, Auckland Airport, Auckland, 2150 New Zealand
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Kaye R, Goldstein T, Grande DA, Zeltsman D, Smith LP. A 3-dimensional bioprinted tracheal segment implant pilot study: Rabbit tracheal resection with graft implantation. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 117:175-178. [PMID: 30579077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Surgical reconstruction of tracheal disease has expanded to include bioengineering and three dimensional (3D) printing. This pilot study investigates the viability of introducing a living functional tracheal replacement graft in a rabbit animal model. METHODS Seven New Zealand White rabbits were enrolled and six completed participation (one intraoperative mortality). Tracheal replacement grafts were created by impregnating 3D printed biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) tracheal scaffolds with rabbit tracheal hyaline chondrocytes. 2 cm of native trachea was resected and the tracheal replacement graft implanted. Subjects were divided into two equal groups (n = 3) that differed in their time of harvest following implantation (three or six weeks). Tracheal specimens were analyzed with intraluminal telescopic visualization and histopathology. RESULTS The two groups did not significantly differ in histopathology or intraluminal diameter. All sections wherein the implant telescoped over native trachea (anastomotic ends) contained adequate hyaline cartilage formation (i.e. chondrocytes within lacuna, surrounding extracellular matrix, and strong Safranin O staining). Furthermore, the PCL scaffold was surrounded by a thin layer of fibrous tissue. All areas without membranous coverage contained inadequate or immature cartilage formation with inflammation. The average intraluminal stenosis was 83.4% (range 34.2-95%). CONCLUSIONS We report normal cartilage growth in a tracheal replacement graft when chondrocytes are separated from the tracheal lumen by an intervening membrane. When no such membrane exists there is a propensity for inflammation and stenosis. These findings are important for future construction and implantation of tracheal replacement grafts. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Not applicable: this is an in vivo animal trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kaye
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
| | - Todd Goldstein
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Daniel A Grande
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - David Zeltsman
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Northwell Health System, New Hyde Park, NY, USA
| | - Lee P Smith
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA
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Varma R, Aoki FG, Soon K, Karoubi G, Waddell TK. Optimal biomaterials for tracheal epithelial grafts: An in vitro systematic comparative analysis. Acta Biomater 2018; 81:146-157. [PMID: 30268918 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tracheal injury, stenosis, and malignancy demand tracheal reconstruction, which often fails due to the lack of a functioning epithelium. We performed an extensive comparative analysis to determine optimal biomaterials for developing tracheal epithelial grafts with mucociliary function. We screened Hyaluronan-Poly(Ethylene Glycol), Chitosan-Collagen, Collagen Vitrigel Membrane, Fibrin Glue, Silk Fibroin, and Gelatin based on various parameters including mechanical strength, bulk degradation, cell attachment, spreading, metabolic activity, focal adhesion formation, and differentiation into ciliated and goblet cells. Silk Fibroin had significantly higher tensile strength (21.23 ± 4.42 MPa), retained 50% of its mass across 5 weeks, allowed 80-100% cell spreading and increasing metabolic activity across 10 days, focal adhesion formation within 2 h, and differentiation into 5.9 ± 2.6% goblet cells. Silk Fibroin, however, led to poor ciliation, producing 5.5 ± 3.9% ciliated cells, whereas Collagen Vitrigel Membrane promoted excellent ciliation. To capitalize on the mechanical and differentiation benefits of its respective components, we developed a composite biomaterial of Silk Fibroin and Collagen Vitrigel Membrane (SF-CVM), which demonstrated enhanced maturation into 20.6 ± 1.7% ciliated and 5.6 ± 1.0% goblet cells. Development of biomaterials-based airway epithelial grafts that provide desirable mechanics and differentiation is a major step towards treatment of airway disease. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Tracheal blockage, injury, and malignancy greater than 50% of the adult tracheal length cannot be safely resected. Tracheal replacement is one approach, but a major cause of transplant failure is the lack of a functioning epithelium. While tissue engineering for tracheal regeneration using biomaterials is promising, there is currently no gold standard. Therefore, we performed a systematic comparative study to characterize relevant materials for generating a biomaterials-based airway epithelial graft. We developed a composite biomaterial intended for surgical implantation providing tensile strength, slow biodegradation, and optimal support for differentiation of mature epithelia. This is a significant step augmenting current state-of-the-art methods for airway surgeries, laryngeal reconstruction, and tracheal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratna Varma
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories and the McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, 101 College St, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Fabio G Aoki
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories and the McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, 101 College St, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kayla Soon
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories and the McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, 101 College St, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Golnaz Karoubi
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories and the McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, 101 College St, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Thomas K Waddell
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories and the McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, 101 College St, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Singh A, Lee D, Jeong H, Yu C, Li J, Fang CH, Sabnekar P, Liu X, Yoshida T, Sopko N, Bivalacqua TJ. Tissue-Engineered Neo-Urinary Conduit from Decellularized Trachea. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1456-1467. [PMID: 29649957 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularized tissues have been increasingly popular for constructing scaffolds for tissue engineering applications due to their beneficial biological compositions and mechanical properties. It is therefore natural to consider decellularized trachea for construction of tissue-engineered trachea, as well as other tubular organs. A Neo-Urinary Conduit (NUC) is such a tubular organ that works as a passage for urine removal in bladder cancer patients who need a urinary diversion after their diseased bladder is removed. In this study, we report our findings on the feasibility of using a decellularized trachea for NUC applications. As a NUC scaffold, decellularized trachea provides benefits of having not only naturally occurring biological components but also having sufficient mechanical properties and structural integrity. We, therefore, decellularized rabbit trachea, evaluated its mechanical performance, and investigated its ability to support in vitro growth of human smooth muscle cells (hSMCs) and human urothelial cells (hUCs). The decellularized trachea had appropriate biomechanical properties with ultimate tensile strength of ∼0.34 MPa in longitudinal direction and ∼1.0 MPa in circumferential direction and resisted a radial burst pressure of >155 mm Hg. Cell morphology study by scanning electron microscopy further showed that hUCs grown on decellularized trachea adopted a typical flatten and interconnected network structure in the lumen of the scaffold, while they formed a round spherical shape and did not spread on the outer surfaces. SMCs, on the other hand, spread well throughout the scaffold. The gene expression analysis by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence studies further confirmed scaffold's ability to support long-term growth of hSMCs. Since uroepithelium has been shown to regenerate itself over time in vivo, these findings suggest that it is possible to construct a NUC from decellularized trachea without any preseeding of UCs. In future, we plan to translate decellularized trachea in a preclinical animal model and evaluate its biological performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudha Singh
- 1 Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute , The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- 2 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland
- 3 Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David Lee
- 3 Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Harrison Jeong
- 2 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christine Yu
- 4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jiuru Li
- 2 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chen Hao Fang
- 2 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Praveena Sabnekar
- 1 Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute , The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xiaopu Liu
- 1 Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute , The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Takahiro Yoshida
- 1 Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute , The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nikolai Sopko
- 1 Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute , The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- 1 Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute , The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- 5 Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCC) , Baltimore, Maryland
- 6 Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCC) , Baltimore, Maryland
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Abstract
Trachea replacement for nonoperable defects remains an unsolved problem due to complications with stenosis and mechanical insufficiency. While native trachea has anisotropic mechanical properties, the vast majority of engineered constructs focus on uniform cartilaginous-like conduits. These conduits often lack quantitative mechanical analysis at the construct level, which limits analysis of functional outcomes in vivo, as well as comparisons across studies. This review aims to present a clear picture of native tracheal mechanics at the tissue and organ level, as well as loading conditions to establish design criteria for trachea replacements. We further explore the implications of failing to match native properties with regards to implant collapse, stenosis, and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Boazak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, Steinman Hall, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Debra T Auguste
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, Steinman Hall, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Lee JS, Choi YS, Cho SW. Decellularized Tissue Matrix for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1064:161-180. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0445-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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50
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Aoki FG, Moriya HT. Mechanical Evaluation of Tracheal Grafts on Different Scales. Artif Organs 2017; 42:476-483. [PMID: 29226358 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered (or bioengineered) tracheas are alternative options under investigation when the resection with end-to-end anastomosis cannot be performed. One approach to develop bioengineered tracheas is a complex process that involves the use of decellularized tissue scaffolds, followed by recellularization in custom-made tracheal bioreactors. Tracheas withstand pressure variations and their biomechanics are of great importance so that they do not collapse during respiration, although there has been no preferred method of mechanical assay of tracheas among several laboratories over the years. These methods have been performed in segments or whole tracheas and in different species of mammals. This article aims to present some methods used by different research laboratories to evaluate the mechanics of tracheal grafts and presents the importance of the tracheal biomechanics in both macro and micro scales. If bioengineered tracheas become a reality in hospitals in the next few years, the standardization of biomechanical parameters will be necessary for greater consistency of results before transplantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Gava Aoki
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, University of São Paulo, Escola Politécnica, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique Takachi Moriya
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, University of São Paulo, Escola Politécnica, São Paulo, Brazil
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