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Rahimikollu J, Xiao H, Rosengart A, Rosen ABI, Tabib T, Zdinak PM, He K, Bing X, Bunea F, Wegkamp M, Poholek AC, Joglekar AV, Lafyatis RA, Das J. SLIDE: Significant Latent Factor Interaction Discovery and Exploration across biological domains. Nat Methods 2024; 21:835-845. [PMID: 38374265 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Modern multiomic technologies can generate deep multiscale profiles. However, differences in data modalities, multicollinearity of the data, and large numbers of irrelevant features make analyses and integration of high-dimensional omic datasets challenging. Here we present Significant Latent Factor Interaction Discovery and Exploration (SLIDE), a first-in-class interpretable machine learning technique for identifying significant interacting latent factors underlying outcomes of interest from high-dimensional omic datasets. SLIDE makes no assumptions regarding data-generating mechanisms, comes with theoretical guarantees regarding identifiability of the latent factors/corresponding inference, and has rigorous false discovery rate control. Using SLIDE on single-cell and spatial omic datasets, we uncovered significant interacting latent factors underlying a range of molecular, cellular and organismal phenotypes. SLIDE outperforms/performs at least as well as a wide range of state-of-the-art approaches, including other latent factor approaches. More importantly, it provides biological inference beyond prediction that other methods do not afford. Thus, SLIDE is a versatile engine for biological discovery from modern multiomic datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Rahimikollu
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hanxi Xiao
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - AnnaElaine Rosengart
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aaron B I Rosen
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paul M Zdinak
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kun He
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xin Bing
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Florentina Bunea
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Marten Wegkamp
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Amanda C Poholek
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Alok V Joglekar
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Robert A Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Jishnu Das
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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2
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Petrova E, López-Gay JM, Fahrner M, Leturcq F, de Villartay JP, Barbieux C, Gonschorek P, Tsoi LC, Gudjonsson JE, Schilling O, Hovnanian A. Comparative analyses of Netherton syndrome patients and Spink5 conditional knock-out mice uncover disease-relevant pathways. Commun Biol 2024; 7:152. [PMID: 38316920 PMCID: PMC10844249 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05780-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Netherton syndrome (NS) is a rare skin disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 5 (SPINK5) gene. Disease severity and the lack of efficacious treatments call for a better understanding of NS mechanisms. Here we describe a novel and viable, Spink5 conditional knock-out (cKO) mouse model, allowing to study NS progression. By combining transcriptomics and proteomics, we determine a disease molecular profile common to mouse models and NS patients. Spink5 cKO mice and NS patients share skin barrier and inflammation signatures defined by up-regulation and increased activity of proteases, IL-17, IL-36, and IL-20 family cytokine signaling. Systemic inflammation in Spink5 cKO mice correlates with disease severity and is associated with thymic atrophy and enlargement of lymph nodes and spleen. This systemic inflammation phenotype is marked by neutrophils and IL-17/IL-22 signaling, does not involve primary T cell immunodeficiency and is independent of bacterial infection. By comparing skin transcriptomes and proteomes, we uncover several putative substrates of tissue kallikrein-related proteases (KLKs), demonstrating that KLKs can proteolytically regulate IL-36 pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our study thus provides a conserved molecular framework for NS and reveals a KLK/IL-36 signaling axis, adding new insights into the disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya Petrova
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and University of Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Jesús María López-Gay
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, Paris, F-75248, Cedex 05, France
- Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, CNRS, CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Matthias Fahrner
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florent Leturcq
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre de Villartay
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory "Genome Dynamics in the Immune System", INSERM UMR 11635, Paris, France
| | - Claire Barbieux
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Gonschorek
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and University of Paris, Paris, France.
- Department of Genomic Medicine of rare diseases, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
- University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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3
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M. S. Barron A, Fabre T, De S. Distinct fibroblast functions associated with fibrotic and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and their implications for therapeutic development. F1000Res 2024; 13:54. [PMID: 38681509 PMCID: PMC11053351 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.143472.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are ubiquitous cells that can adopt many functional states. As tissue-resident sentinels, they respond to acute damage signals and shape the earliest events in fibrotic and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Upon sensing an insult, fibroblasts produce chemokines and growth factors to organize and support the response. Depending on the size and composition of the resulting infiltrate, these activated fibroblasts may also begin to contract or relax thus changing local stiffness within the tissue. These early events likely contribute to the divergent clinical manifestations of fibrotic and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Further, distinct changes to the cellular composition and signaling dialogue in these diseases drive progressive fibroblasts specialization. In fibrotic diseases, fibroblasts support the survival, activation and differentiation of myeloid cells, granulocytes and innate lymphocytes, and produce most of the pathogenic extracellular matrix proteins. Whereas, in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, sequential accumulation of dendritic cells, T cells and B cells programs fibroblasts to support local, destructive adaptive immune responses. Fibroblast specialization has clear implications for the development of effective induction and maintenance therapies for patients with these clinically distinct diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. S. Barron
- Inflammation & Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Thomas Fabre
- Inflammation & Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Saurav De
- Inflammation & Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
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4
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Chen FZ, Tan PC, Yang Z, Li Q, Zhou SB. Identifying characteristics of dermal fibroblasts in skin homeostasis and disease. Clin Exp Dermatol 2023; 48:1317-1327. [PMID: 37566911 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous dermal fibroblasts are the main components that constitute the dermis. Distinct fibroblast subgroups show specific characteristics and functional plasticity that determine dermal structure during skin development and wound healing. Although researchers have described the roles of fibroblast subsets, this is not completely understood. We review recent evidence supporting understanding about the heterogeneity of fibroblasts. We summarize the origins and the identified profiles of fibroblast subpopulations. The characteristics of fibroblast subpopulations in both healthy and diseased states are highlighted, and the potential of subpopulations to be involved in wound healing in different ways was discussed. Additionally, we review the plasticity of subpopulations and the underlying signalling mechanisms. This review may provide greater insights into potential novel therapeutic targets and tissue regeneration strategies for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Zhou Chen
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Poh-Ching Tan
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihan Yang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang-Bai Zhou
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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5
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Berkowitz JS, Tabib T, Xiao H, Sadej GM, Khanna D, Fuschiotti P, Lafyatis RA, Das J. Cell Type-Specific Biomarkers of Systemic Sclerosis Disease Severity Capture Cell-Intrinsic and Cell-Extrinsic Circuits. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:1819-1830. [PMID: 37096444 PMCID: PMC10543405 DOI: 10.1002/art.42536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multifactorial autoimmune fibrotic disorder involving complex rewiring of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic signaling coexpression networks involving a range of cell types. However, the rewired circuits as well as corresponding cell-cell interactions remain poorly understood. To address this, we used a predictive machine learning framework to analyze single-cell RNA-sequencing data from 24 SSc patients across the severity spectrum as quantified by the modified Rodnan skin score (MRSS). METHODS We used a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-based predictive machine learning approach on the single-cell RNA-sequencing data set to identify predictive biomarkers of SSc severity, both across and within cell types. The use of L1 regularization helps prevent overfitting on high-dimensional data. Correlation network analyses were coupled to the LASSO model to identify cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic co-correlates of the identified biomarkers of SSc severity. RESULTS We found that the uncovered cell type-specific predictive biomarkers of MRSS included previously implicated genes in fibroblast and myeloid cell subsets (e.g., SFPR2+ fibroblasts and monocytes), as well as novel gene biomarkers of MRSS, especially in keratinocytes. Correlation network analyses revealed novel cross-talk between immune pathways and implicated keratinocytes in addition to fibroblast and myeloid cells as key cell types involved in SSc pathogenesis. We then validated the uncovered association of key gene expression and protein markers in keratinocytes, KRT6A and S100A8, with SSc skin disease severity. CONCLUSION Our global systems analyses reveal previously uncharacterized cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic signaling coexpression networks underlying SSc severity that involve keratinocytes, myeloid cells, and fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Berkowitz
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hanxi Xiao
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gabrielle M. Sadej
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dinesh Khanna
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Patrizia Fuschiotti
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert A. Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jishnu Das
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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6
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Attiogbe E, Larochelle S, Chaib Y, Mainzer C, Mauroux A, Bordes S, Closs B, Gilbert C, Moulin VJ. An in vitro autologous, vascularized, and immunocompetent Tissue Engineered Skin model obtained by the self-assembled approach. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:361-371. [PMID: 37419164 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
A complete in vitro skin model, containing resident cell types is needed to understand physiology and to consider the role of immune and endothelial cells in dermal drug testing. In this study, a cell extraction technique was developed to isolate resident skin cells from the same human donor while preserving the immune and endothelial cells. Then those cells were used to reconstruct an autologous, vascularized, and immunocompetent Tissue-Engineered Skin model, aviTES. Phenotypic characterization of the viable cells was performed on freshly isolated cells and after thawing through flow cytometry. Dermal cell extracts were characterized as fibroblasts, endothelial and immune cells, and the average amount of each cell type represents 4, 0.5, and 1 million viable cells per g of the dermis, respectively. The 3D models, TES and aviTES, were characterized by a fully differentiated epidermis that showed an increase in the presence of Ki67+ cells in the basolateral layer of the aviTES model. Capillary-like network formation, through the self-assembly of endothelial cells, and the presence of functional immune cells were identified through immunofluorescence staining in aviTES. In addition, the aviTES model was immunocompetent, as evidenced by its capacity to increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, MIP-1α, and GM-CSF following LPS stimulation. This study describes an autologous skin model containing a functional resident skin immune system and a capillary network. It provides a relevant tool to study the contribution of the immune system to skin diseases and inflammatory responses and to investigate resident skin cell interactions and drug development. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: There is an urgent need for a complete in vitro skin model containing the resident cell types to better understand the role of immune and endothelial cells in skin and to be able to use it for drug testing. Actual 3D models of human skin most often contain only fibroblasts and keratinocytes with a limited number of models containing endothelial cells or a limited variety of immune cells. This study describes an autologous skin model containing a functional resident skin immune system and a capillary network. It provides a relevant tool to study the contribution of the immune system to skin diseases and inflammatory responses and to investigate interactions between resident skin cell, improving our capacity to develop new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Attiogbe
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Larochelle
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Yanis Chaib
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Gilbert
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique J Moulin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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7
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Rosa I, Romano E, Fioretto BS, El Aoufy K, Bellando-Randone S, Matucci-Cerinic M, Manetti M. Lymphatic Endothelial-to-Myofibroblast Transition: A Potential New Mechanism Underlying Skin Fibrosis in Systemic Sclerosis. Cells 2023; 12:2195. [PMID: 37681927 PMCID: PMC10486460 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, only a few reports have addressed the possible contribution of the lymphatic vascular system to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Based on the evidence that blood vascular endothelial cells can undertake the endothelial-to-myofibroblast transition (EndMT) contributing to SSc-related skin fibrosis, we herein investigated whether the lymphatic endothelium might represent an additional source of profibrotic myofibroblasts through a lymphatic EndMT (Ly-EndMT) process. Skin sections from patients with SSc and healthy donors were immunostained for the lymphatic endothelial cell-specific marker lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1) in combination with α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) as the main marker of myofibroblasts. Commercial human adult dermal lymphatic microvascular endothelial cells (HdLy-MVECs) were challenged with recombinant human transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) or serum from SSc patients and healthy donors. The expression of lymphatic endothelial cell/myofibroblast markers was measured by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Collagen gel contraction assay was performed to assess myofibroblast-like cell contractile ability. Lymphatic endothelial cells in intermediate stages of the Ly-EndMT process (i.e., coexpressing LYVE-1 and α-SMA) were found exclusively in the fibrotic skin of SSc patients. The culturing of HdLy-MVECs with SSc serum or profibrotic TGFβ1 led to the acquisition of a myofibroblast-like morphofunctional phenotype, as well as the downregulation of lymphatic endothelial cell-specific markers and the parallel upregulation of myofibroblast markers. In SSc, the Ly-EndMT might represent a previously overlooked pathogenetic process bridging peripheral microlymphatic dysfunction and skin fibrosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rosa
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (I.R.); (B.S.F.)
| | - Eloisa Romano
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (K.E.A.); (S.B.-R.)
| | - Bianca Saveria Fioretto
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (I.R.); (B.S.F.)
| | - Khadija El Aoufy
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (K.E.A.); (S.B.-R.)
- Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Bellando-Randone
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (K.E.A.); (S.B.-R.)
- Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Mirko Manetti
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (I.R.); (B.S.F.)
- Imaging Platform, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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8
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Zeng F, Gao M, Liao S, Zhou Z, Luo G, Zhou Y. Role and mechanism of CD90 + fibroblasts in inflammatory diseases and malignant tumors. Mol Med 2023; 29:20. [PMID: 36747131 PMCID: PMC9900913 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00616-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are highly heterogeneous mesenchymal stromal cells, and different fibroblast subpopulations play different roles. A subpopulation of fibroblasts expressing CD90, a 25-37 kDa glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored protein, plays a dominant role in the fibrotic and pro-inflammatory state. In this review, we focused on CD90+ fibroblasts, and their roles and possible mechanisms in disease processes. First, the main biological functions of CD90+ fibroblasts in inducing angiogenesis and maintaining tissue homeostasis are described. Second, the role and possible mechanism of CD90+ fibroblasts in inducing pulmonary fibrosis, inflammatory arthritis, inflammatory skin diseases, and scar formation are introduced, and we discuss how CD90+ cancer-associated fibroblasts might serve as promising cancer biomarkers. Finally, we propose future research directions related to CD90+ fibroblasts. This review will provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment CD90+ fibroblast-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zeng
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 Hunan China
| | - Mengxiang Gao
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 Hunan China
| | - Shan Liao
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Zihua Zhou
- grid.508130.fDepartment of Oncology, Loudi Central Hospital, Loudi, 417000 China
| | - Gengqiu Luo
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, No. 88 of Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China. .,Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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9
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Browning JL, Bhawan J, Tseng A, Crossland N, Bujor AM, Akassoglou K, Assassi S, Skaug B, Ho J. Extensive and Persistent Extravascular Dermal Fibrin Deposition Characterizes Systemic Sclerosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.16.523256. [PMID: 36711912 PMCID: PMC9882194 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.16.523256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive multiorgan fibrosis. While the cause of SSc remains unknown, a perturbed vasculature is considered a critical early step in the pathogenesis. Using fibrinogen as a marker of vascular leakage, we found extensive extravascular fibrinogen deposition in the dermis of both limited and diffuse systemic sclerosis disease, and it was present in both early and late-stage patients. Based on a timed series of excision wounds, retention on the fibrin deposit of the splice variant domain, fibrinogen αEC, indicated a recent event, while fibrin networks lacking the αEC domain were older. Application of this timing tool to SSc revealed considerable heterogeneity in αEC domain distribution providing unique insight into disease activity. Intriguingly, the fibrinogen-αEC domain also accumulated in macrophages. These observations indicate that systemic sclerosis is characterized by ongoing vascular leakage resulting in extensive interstitial fibrin deposition that is either continually replenished and/or there is impaired fibrin clearance. Unresolved fibrin deposition might then incite chronic tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Browning
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedesian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Rheumatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedesian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Jag Bhawan
- Department of Dermatopathology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedesian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedesian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Anna Tseng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedesian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Nicholas Crossland
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedesian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Andreea M Bujor
- Department of Rheumatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedesian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Katerina Akassoglou
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease San Francisco California USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Shervin Assassi
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Brian Skaug
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jonathan Ho
- Department of Dermatopathology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedesian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Section Dermatology University of the West Indies, Mona Jamaica
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10
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Showalter K, Magro C, Zhang Y, Spiera R, Orange DE, Gordon JK. Response to: 'Correspondence on 'Machine learning integration of scleroderma histology and gene expression identifies fibroblast polarisation as a hallmark of clinical severity and improvement'' by Manetti. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:e22. [PMID: 33158883 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Showalter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cynthia Magro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yaxia Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Spiera
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dana E Orange
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.,Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica K Gordon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
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11
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Manetti M. Correspondence on 'Machine learning integration of scleroderma histology and gene expression identifies fibroblast polarisation as a hallmark of clinical severity and improvement'. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:e21. [PMID: 33158878 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Manetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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12
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The Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator BAY 41-2272 Attenuates Transforming Growth Factor β1-Induced Myofibroblast Differentiation of Human Corneal Keratocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315325. [PMID: 36499651 PMCID: PMC9737374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal transparency, necessary for vision and depending on the high organization of stromal extracellular matrix, is maintained by keratocytes. Severe or continuous corneal injuries determine exaggerated healing responses resulting in the formation of irreversible fibrotic scars and vision impairment. Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulation demonstrated antifibrotic effects in both experimental fibrosis and human lung and skin fibroblasts. Here, we assessed whether sGC stimulation with BAY 41-2272 could attenuate transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)-induced myofibroblast differentiation of human corneal keratocytes. Cells were challenged with TGFβ1, with/without BAY 41-2272 preincubation, and subsequently assessed for viability, proliferation, migration, chemoinvasion, as well for the expression of myofibroblast/fibroblast activation markers and contractile abilities. Treatment with BAY 41-2272 did not affect keratocyte viability, while preincubation of cells with the sGC stimulator was able to inhibit TGFβ1-induced proliferation, wound healing capacity, and invasiveness. BAY 41-2272 was also able to attenuate TGFβ1-induced myofibroblast-like profibrotic phenotype of keratocytes, as demonstrated by the significant decrease in ACTA2, COL1A1, COL1A2, FN1 and PDPN gene expression, as well as in α-smooth muscle actin, α-1 chain of type I collagen, podoplanin, vimentin and N-cadherin protein expression. Finally, BAY 41-2272 significantly counteracted the TGFβ1-induced myofibroblast-like ability of keratocytes to contract collagen gels, reduced phosphorylated Smad3 protein levels, and attenuated gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Collectively, our data show for the first time that BAY 41-2272 is effective in counteracting keratocyte-to-myofibroblast transition, thus providing the rationale for the development of sGC stimulators as novel promising modulators of corneal scarring and fibrosis.
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13
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da Rosa LC, Scales HE, Makhija S, Sutherland K, Benson RA, Brewer JM, Garside P. Revealing stromal and lymphoid sources of Col3a1-expression during inflammation using a novel reporter mouse. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 1:kyac008. [PMID: 38566907 PMCID: PMC10917174 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
One of the earliest signs of dysregulation of the homeostatic process of fibrosis, associated with pathology in chronic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, is the overexpression of collagen type III (COL-3). Critically, there is still relatively little known regarding the identity of the cell types expressing the gene encoding COL-3 (Col3a1). Identifying and characterizing Col3a1-expressing cells during the development of fibrosis could reveal new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of fibrosis-related pathologies. As such, a reporter mouse expressing concomitantly Col3a1 and mKate-2, a fluorescent protein, was generated. Using models of footpad inflammation, we demonstrated its effectiveness as a tool to measure the expression of COL-3 during the repair process and provided an initial characterization of some of the stromal and immune cells responsible for Col3a1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa C da Rosa
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Hannah E Scales
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Sangeet Makhija
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Katie Sutherland
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Robert A Benson
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - James M Brewer
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Paul Garside
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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14
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Khanna D, Padilla C, Tsoi LC, Nagaraja V, Khanna PP, Tabib T, Kahlenberg JM, Young A, Huang S, Gudjonsson JE, Fox DA, Lafyatis R. Tofacitinib blocks IFN-regulated biomarker genes in skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes in a systemic sclerosis trial. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e159566. [PMID: 35943798 PMCID: PMC9536259 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.159566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune, connective tissue disease characterized by vasculopathy and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs.METHODSWe randomized 15 participants with early diffuse cutaneous SSc to tofacitinib 5 mg twice a day or matching placebo in a phase I/II double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The primary outcome measure was safety and tolerability at or before week 24. To understand the changes in gene expression associated with tofacitinib treatment in each skin cell population, we compared single-cell gene expression in punch skin biopsies obtained at baseline and 6 weeks following the initiation of treatment.RESULTSTofacitinib was well tolerated; no participants experienced grade 3 or higher adverse events before or at week 24. Trends in efficacy outcome measures favored tofacitnib. Baseline gene expression in fibroblast and keratinocyte subpopulations indicated IFN-activated gene expression. Tofacitinib inhibited IFN-regulated gene expression in SFRP2/DPP4 fibroblasts (progenitors of myofibroblasts) and in MYOC/CCL19, representing adventitial fibroblasts (P < 0.05), as well as in the basal and keratinized layers of the epidermis. Gene expression in macrophages and DCs indicated inhibition of STAT3 by tofacitinib (P < 0.05). No clinically meaningful inhibition of T cells and endothelial cells in the skin tissue was observed.CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that mesenchymal and epithelial cells of a target organ in SSc, not the infiltrating lymphocytes, may be the primary focus for therapeutic effects of a Janus kinase inhibitor.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT03274076.FUNDINGPfizer, NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) R01 AR070470, NIH/NIAMS K24 AR063120, Taubman Medical Research Institute and NIH P30 AR075043, and NIH/NIAMS K01 AR072129.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Khanna
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- University of Michigan Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Cristina Padilla
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Vivek Nagaraja
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- University of Michigan Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Puja P Khanna
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- VA Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Amber Young
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Suiyuan Huang
- University of Michigan Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - David A Fox
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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15
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Boss AL, Damani T, Wickman TJ, Chamley LW, James JL, Brooks AES. Full spectrum flow cytometry reveals mesenchymal heterogeneity in first trimester placentae and phenotypic convergence in culture, providing insight into the origins of placental mesenchymal stromal cells. eLife 2022; 11:76622. [PMID: 35920626 PMCID: PMC9371602 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell technologies (RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry) are critical tools to reveal how cell heterogeneity impacts developmental pathways. The placenta is a fetal exchange organ, containing a heterogeneous mix of mesenchymal cells (fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, perivascular, and progenitor cells). Placental mesenchymal stromal cells (pMSC) are also routinely isolated, for therapeutic and research purposes. However, our understanding of the diverse phenotypes of placental mesenchymal lineages, and their relationships remain unclear. We designed a 23-colour flow cytometry panel to assess mesenchymal heterogeneity in first-trimester human placentae. Four distinct mesenchymal subsets were identified; CD73+CD90+ mesenchymal cells, CD146+CD271+ perivascular cells, podoplanin+CD36+ stromal cells, and CD26+CD90+ myofibroblasts. CD73+CD90+ and podoplanin + CD36+ cells expressed markers consistent with cultured pMSCs, and were explored further. Despite their distinct ex-vivo phenotype, in culture CD73+CD90+ cells and podoplanin+CD36+ cells underwent phenotypic convergence, losing CD271 or CD36 expression respectively, and homogenously exhibiting a basic MSC phenotype (CD73+CD90+CD31-CD144-CD45-). However, some markers (CD26, CD146) were not impacted, or differentially impacted by culture in different populations. Comparisons of cultured phenotypes to pMSCs further suggested cultured pMSCs originate from podoplanin+CD36+ cells. This highlights the importance of detailed cell phenotyping to optimise therapeutic capacity, and ensure use of relevant cells in functional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Leabourn Boss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tanvi Damani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tayla J Wickman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Larry W Chamley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jo L James
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna E S Brooks
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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16
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De La Torre P, Pérez-Lorenzo MJ, Alcázar-Garrido Á, Collado J, Martínez-López M, Forcén L, Masero-Casasola AR, García A, Gutiérrez-Vélez MC, Medina-Polo J, Muñoz E, Flores AI. Perinatal mesenchymal stromal cells of the human decidua restore continence in rats with stress urinary incontinence induced by simulated birth trauma and regulate senescence of fibroblasts from women with stress urinary incontinence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1033080. [PMID: 36742196 PMCID: PMC9893794 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1033080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a condition that causes the involuntary loss of urine when making small efforts, which seriously affects daily life of people who suffer from it. Women are more affected by this form of incontinence than men, since parity is the main risk factor. Weakening of the pelvic floor tissues is the cause of SUI, although a complete understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the pathology is still lacking. Reconstructive surgery to strengthen tissue in SUI patients is often associated with complications and/or is ineffective. Mesenchymal stromal cells from the maternal side of the placenta, i.e. the decidua, are proposed here as a therapeutic alternative based on the regenerative potential of mesenchymal cells. The animal model of SUI due to vaginal distention simulating labor has been used, and decidual mesenchymal stromal cell (DMSC) transplantation was effective in preventing a drop in pressure at the leak point in treated animals. Histological analysis of the urethras from DMSC-treated animals after VD showed recovery of the muscle fiber integrity, low or no extracellular matrix (ECM) infiltration and larger elastic fibers near the external urethral sphincter, compared to control animals. Cells isolated from the suburethral connective tissue of SUI patients were characterized as myofibroblasts, based on the expression of several specific genes and proteins, and were shown to achieve premature replicative senescence. Co-culture of SUI myofibroblasts with DMSC via transwell revealed a paracrine interaction between the cells through signals that mediated DMSC migration, SUI myofibroblast proliferation, and modulation of the proinflammatory and ECM-degrading milieu that is characteristic of senescence. In conclusion, DMSC could be an alternative therapeutic option for SUI by counteracting the effects of senescence in damaged pelvic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paz De La Torre
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Álvaro Alcázar-Garrido
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jennifer Collado
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Laura Forcén
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana R. Masero-Casasola
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia García
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mª Carmen Gutiérrez-Vélez
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Medina-Polo
- Male’s Integral Health Group, Urology Department, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eloy Muñoz
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I. Flores
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Ana I. Flores,
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17
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Buchbender M, Lugenbühl A, Fehlhofer J, Kirschneck C, Ries J, Lutz R, Sticherling M, Kesting MR. Investigation of the Expression of Inflammatory Markers in Oral Biofilm Samples in Patients with Systemic Scleroderma and the Association with Clinical Periodontal Parameters-A Preliminary Study. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111145. [PMID: 34833021 PMCID: PMC8618500 DOI: 10.3390/life11111145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic scleroderma (SSc) has multiple orofacial effects. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of inflammatory mediators in biofilm samples. It was hypothesized that different expression levels and clinical associations might be drawn. METHODS A total of 39 biofilm samples from group 1 = SSc and group 2 = healthy control were examined for the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-2,-6, and -10; matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-9; and surface antigens CD90 and CD34 by quantitative real-time PCR and clinical parameters. Relative quantitative (RQ) gene expression was determined using the ∆∆CT method. RESULTS The mean bleeding on probing values (p = 0.006), clinical attachment loss (CAL) (p = 0.009), gingival recession (p = 0.020), limited mouth opening (p = 0.001) and cervical tooth defects (p = 0.011) were significantly higher in group 1. RQ expressions of IL-2 and CD34 were significantly lower, IL-6, MMP-9, and CD90 were significantly higher. There was a significant positive correlation of IL-6/MMP-9 and negative correlation of mouth opening/CAL and IL-6/CAL. CONCLUSION Different expression levels of IL-2, IL-6, MMP-9, CD34 and CD90 were detected in biofilm samples from patients with SSc compared to control. An immunological correlation to the clinical parameters of mouth opening and CAL was shown; thus, we conclude that SSc might have an impact on periodontal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayte Buchbender
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-33614
| | - Amelie Lugenbühl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Jakob Fehlhofer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Jutta Ries
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Rainer Lutz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Michael Sticherling
- Department of Dermatology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Marco Rainer Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
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18
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Tabib T, Huang M, Morse N, Papazoglou A, Behera R, Jia M, Bulik M, Monier DE, Benos PV, Chen W, Domsic R, Lafyatis R. Myofibroblast transcriptome indicates SFRP2 hi fibroblast progenitors in systemic sclerosis skin. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4384. [PMID: 34282151 PMCID: PMC8289865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin and lung fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is driven by myofibroblasts, alpha-smooth muscle actin expressing cells. The number of myofibroblasts in SSc skin correlates with the modified Rodnan skin score, the most widely used clinical measure of skin disease severity. Murine fibrosis models indicate that myofibroblasts can arise from a variety of different cell types, but their origin in SSc skin has remained uncertain. Utilizing single cell RNA-sequencing, we define different dermal fibroblast populations and transcriptome changes, comparing SSc to healthy dermal fibroblasts. Here, we show that SSc dermal myofibroblasts arise in two steps from an SFRP2hi/DPP4-expressing progenitor fibroblast population. In the first step, SSc fibroblasts show globally upregulated expression of transcriptome markers, such as PRSS23 and THBS1. A subset of these cells shows markers indicating that they are proliferating. Only a fraction of SFRP2hi SSc fibroblasts differentiate into myofibroblasts, as shown by expression of additional markers, SFRP4 and FNDC1. Bioinformatics analysis of the SSc fibroblast transcriptomes implicated upstream transcription factors, including FOSL2, RUNX1, STAT1, FOXP1, IRF7 and CREB3L1, as well as SMAD3, driving SSc myofibroblast differentiation. Myofibroblasts drive fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc), but the cellular progenitors are unknown. Utilizing single cell RNA-sequencing, the authors show that SSc dermal myofibroblasts arise in a two-step process from SFRP2/DPP4-expressing progenitors and implicate upstream transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mengqi Huang
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nina Morse
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anna Papazoglou
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rithika Behera
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Minxue Jia
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Melissa Bulik
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daisy E Monier
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Panayiotis V Benos
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robyn Domsic
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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19
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Huang X, Khoong Y, Han C, Su D, Ma H, Gu S, Li Q, Zan T. Targeting Dermal Fibroblast Subtypes in Antifibrotic Therapy: Surface Marker as a Cellular Identity or a Functional Entity? Front Physiol 2021; 12:694605. [PMID: 34335301 PMCID: PMC8319956 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.694605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are the chief effector cells in fibrotic diseases and have been discovered to be highly heterogeneous. Recently, fibroblast heterogeneity in human skin has been studied extensively and several surface markers for dermal fibroblast subtypes have been identified, holding promise for future antifibrotic therapies. However, it has yet to be confirmed whether surface markers should be looked upon as merely lineage landmarks or as functional entities of fibroblast subtypes, which may further complicate the interpretation of cellular function of these fibroblast subtypes. This review aims to provide an update on current evidence on fibroblast surface markers in fibrotic disorders of skin as well as of other organ systems. Specifically, studies where surface markers were treated as lineage markers and manipulated as functional membrane proteins are both evaluated in parallel, hoping to reveal the underlying mechanism behind the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis contributed by various fibroblast subtypes from multiple angles, shedding lights on future translational researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Khoong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyao Han
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dai Su
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuchen Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Showalter K, Spiera R, Magro C, Agius P, Martyanov V, Franks JM, Sharma R, Geiger H, Wood TA, Zhang Y, Hale CR, Finik J, Whitfield ML, Orange DE, Gordon JK. Machine learning integration of scleroderma histology and gene expression identifies fibroblast polarisation as a hallmark of clinical severity and improvement. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:228-237. [PMID: 33028580 PMCID: PMC8600653 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to determine histologic and gene expression features of clinical improvement in early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc; scleroderma). METHODS Fifty-eight forearm biopsies were evaluated from 26 individuals with dcSSc in two clinical trials. Histologic/immunophenotypic assessments of global severity, alpha-smooth muscle actin (aSMA), CD34, collagen, inflammatory infiltrate, follicles and thickness were compared with gene expression and clinical data. Support vector machine learning was performed using scleroderma gene expression subset (normal-like, fibroproliferative, inflammatory) as classifiers and histology scores as inputs. Comparison of w-vector mean absolute weights was used to identify histologic features most predictive of gene expression subset. We then tested for differential gene expression according to histologic severity and compared those with clinical improvement (according to the Combined Response Index in Systemic Sclerosis). RESULTS aSMA was highest and CD34 lowest in samples with highest local Modified Rodnan Skin Score. CD34 and aSMA changed significantly from baseline to 52 weeks in clinical improvers. CD34 and aSMA were the strongest predictors of gene expression subset, with highest CD34 staining in the normal-like subset (p<0.001) and highest aSMA staining in the inflammatory subset (p=0.016). Analysis of gene expression according to CD34 and aSMA binarised scores identified a 47-gene fibroblast polarisation signature that decreases over time only in improvers (vs non-improvers). Pathway analysis of these genes identified gene expression signatures of inflammatory fibroblasts. CONCLUSION CD34 and aSMA stains describe distinct fibroblast polarisation states, are associated with gene expression subsets and clinical assessments, and may be useful biomarkers of clinical severity and improvement in dcSSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Showalter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Spiera
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cynthia Magro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Viktor Martyanov
- Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Jennifer M Franks
- Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | | | | | - Tammara A Wood
- Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Yaxia Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Caryn R Hale
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jackie Finik
- Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael L Whitfield
- Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Dana E Orange
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica K Gordon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
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21
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Rosa I, Romano E, Fioretto BS, Manetti M. The contribution of mesenchymal transitions to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. Eur J Rheumatol 2020; 7:S157-S164. [PMID: 31922472 PMCID: PMC7647682 DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2019.19081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multifaceted connective tissue disease characterized by widespread vasculopathy and autoimmune reactions that evolve into progressive interstitial, perivascular, and vessel wall fibrosis that affects the skin and multiple internal organs. Such an uncontrolled fibrotic process gradually disrupts the physiologic architecture of the affected tissues and frequently leads to significant organ dysfunction, thus representing a major cause of death in SSc patients. The main fibrosis orchestrators in SSc are represented by chronically activated myofibroblasts, a peculiar population of mesenchymal cells combining the extracellular matrix-synthesizing features of fibroblasts with cytoskeletal characteristics of contractile smooth muscle cells. Multiple lines of evidence support the notion that profibrotic myofibroblasts may derive not only from the activation of tissue resident fibroblasts but also from a variety of additional cell types, including pericytes, epithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells and preadipocytes/adipocytes. Here we overview an emerging picture that espouses that several cell transitional processes may be novel essential contributors to the pool of profibrotic myofibroblasts in SSc, potentially representing new suitable targets for therapeutic purposes. An in-depth dissection of the multiple origins of myofibroblasts and the underlying molecular mechanisms may be crucial in the process of deciphering the cellular bases of fibrosis persistence and refractoriness to the treatment and, therefore, may help in developing more effective and personalized therapeutic opportunities for SSc patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rosa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eloisa Romano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Mirko Manetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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22
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Role of type I interferons and innate immunity in systemic sclerosis: unbalanced activities on distinct cell types? Curr Opin Rheumatol 2020; 31:569-575. [PMID: 31436583 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The role of type I IFNs (IFN-I) in the promotion of autoimmunity has been well established. However, its role in the skin fibrosis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is less clear. IFN-I can participate to tissue repair, and, here, we will consider the extent to which IFN-I's role in SSc skin fibrosis may reflect in part IFN-I functions during wound healing. RECENT FINDINGS Studies are beginning to delineate whether IFN-I has a protective or pathogenic role and how IFN-I affects tissue biology. Recent support for a pathogenic role came from a study depleting plasmacytoid dendritic cells during bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis. The depletion reduced the bleomycin-induced IFN-I-stimulated transcripts and both prevented and reversed fibrosis. Additionally, two recent articles, one identifying SSc endothelial cell injury markers and one showing repressed IFN signaling in SSc keratinocytes, suggest the possibility of unbalanced IFN-I activities on distinct cells types. SUMMARY Recent results support a pathogenic role for IFN-I in skin fibrosis, and recent studies along with others suggest a scenario whereby SSc skin damage results from too much IFN-I-activity driving vasculopathy in combination with too little IFN-I-mediated epidermal integrity and antifibrotic fibroblast phenotype.
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23
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Shipman WD, Sandoval MJ, Veiga K, Donlin LT, Lu TT. Fibroblast subtypes in tissues affected by autoimmunity: with lessons from lymph node fibroblasts. Curr Opin Immunol 2020; 64:63-70. [PMID: 32387902 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent advent of single-cell technologies has fast-tracked the discovery of multiple fibroblast subsets in tissues affected by autoimmune disease. In recent years, interest in lymph node fibroblasts that support and regulate immune cells has also grown, leading to an expanding framework of stromal cell subsets with distinct spatial, transcriptional, and functional characteristics. Inflammation can drive tissue fibroblasts to adopt a lymphoid tissue stromal cell phenotype, suggesting that fibroblasts in diseased tissues can have counterparts in lymphoid tissues. Here, we examine fibroblast subsets in tissues affected by autoimmunity in the context of knowledge gained from studies on lymph node fibroblasts, with the ultimate aim to better understand stromal cell heterogeneity in these immunologically reactive tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Shipman
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan-Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10065, USA; Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Marvin J Sandoval
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Keila Veiga
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Pediatric Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Laura T Donlin
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Theresa T Lu
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Pediatric Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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24
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Stellato M, Czepiel M, Distler O, Błyszczuk P, Kania G. Identification and Isolation of Cardiac Fibroblasts From the Adult Mouse Heart Using Two-Color Flow Cytometry. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:105. [PMID: 31417912 PMCID: PMC6686717 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiac fibroblasts represent a main stromal cell type in the healthy myocardium. Activation of cardiac fibroblasts has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many heart diseases. Profibrotic stimuli activate fibroblasts, which proliferate and differentiate into pathogenic myofibroblasts causing a fibrotic phenotype in the heart. Cardiac fibroblasts are characterized by production of type I collagen, but non-transgenic methods allowing their identification and isolation require further improvements. Herein, we present a new and simple flow cytometry-based method to identify and isolate cardiac fibroblasts from the murine heart. Methods and Results: Wild-type and reporter mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the murine alpha1(I) collagen promoter (Col1a1-EGFP) were used in this study. Hearts were harvested and dissociated into single cell suspensions using enzymatic digestion. Cardiac cells were stained with the erythrocyte marker Ter119, the pan-leukocyte marker CD45, the endothelial cell marker CD31 and gp38 (known also as podoplanin). Fibroblasts were defined in a two-color flow cytometry analysis as a lineage-negative (Lin: Ter119-CD45-CD31-) and gp38-positive (gp38+) population. Analysis of hearts isolated from Col1a1-EGFP reporter mice showed that cardiac Lin-gp38+ cells corresponded to type I collagen-producing cells. Lin-gp38+ cells were partially positive for the mesenchymal markers CD44, CD140a, Sca-1 and CD90.2. Sorted Lin-gp38+ cells were successfully expanded in vitro for up to four passages. Lin-gp38+ cells activated by Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1) upregulated myofibroblast-specific genes and proteins, developed stress fibers positive for alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and showed increased contractility in the collagen gel contraction assay. Conclusions: Two-color flow cytometry analysis using the selected cell surface antigens allows for the identification of collagen-producing fibroblasts in unaffected mouse hearts without using specific reporter constructs. This strategy opens new perspectives to study the physiology and pathophysiology of cardiac fibroblasts in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Stellato
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcin Czepiel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Przemysław Błyszczuk
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Gabriela Kania
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Leyton L, Díaz J, Martínez S, Palacios E, Pérez LA, Pérez RD. Thy-1/CD90 a Bidirectional and Lateral Signaling Scaffold. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:132. [PMID: 31428610 PMCID: PMC6689999 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Thy-1/CD90 is a glycoprotein attached to the outer face of the plasma membrane with various functions, which depend on the context of specific physiological or pathological conditions. Many of these reported functions for Thy-1/CD90 arose from studies by our group, which identified the first ligand/receptor for Thy-1/CD90 as an integrin. This finding initiated studies directed toward unveiling the molecular mechanisms that operate downstream of Thy-1/CD90 activation, and its possible interaction with proteins in the membrane plane to regulate their function. The association of Thy-1/CD90 with a number of cell surface molecules allows the formation of extra/intracellular multiprotein complexes composed of various ligands and receptors, extracellular matrix proteins, intracellular signaling proteins, and the cytoskeleton. The complexes sense changes that occur inside and outside the cells, with Thy-1/CD90 at the core of this extracellular molecular platform. Molecular platforms are scaffold-containing microdomains where key proteins associate to prominently influence cellular processes and behavior. Each component, by itself, is less effective, but when together with various scaffold proteins to form a platform, the components become more specific and efficient to convey the messages. This review article discusses the experimental evidence that supports the role of Thy-1/CD90 as a membrane-associated platform (ThyMAP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Leyton
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Díaz
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Samuel Martínez
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Esteban Palacios
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo A Pérez
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramón D Pérez
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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26
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Similar Transition Processes in Synovial Fibroblasts from Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis: A Single-Cell Study. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:4080735. [PMID: 31428656 PMCID: PMC6681591 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4080735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are common rheumatic disorders that primarily involve joints. The inflammation of the synovium can be observed in both of the two diseases. Synovial fibroblasts (SFs) play an important role in the inflammatory process of the synovium. The functional states of synovial fibroblasts are heterogeneous, and the detailed transition process of their functional states is still unclear. By using transcriptomic data of SFs at a single-cell level, we found a similar transition process for SFs in RA and OA. We also identified the potential regulatory effects of the WNT signaling pathway, the TGF-β signaling pathway, the FcεRI signaling pathway, and the ERBB signaling pathway on modifying the SFs' functional state. These findings indicate potentially overlapped pathogenic mechanisms in these two diseases, which may help uncover new therapeutic targets to ameliorate disease progression.
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27
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Cimini M, Garikipati VNS, de Lucia C, Cheng Z, Wang C, Truongcao MM, Lucchese AM, Roy R, Benedict C, Goukassian DA, Koch WJ, Kishore R. Podoplanin neutralization improves cardiac remodeling and function after acute myocardial infarction. JCI Insight 2019; 5:126967. [PMID: 31287805 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin, a small mucine-type transmembrane glycoprotein, has been recently shown to be expressed by lymphangiogenic, fibrogenic and mesenchymal progenitor cells in the acutely and chronically infarcted myocardium. Podoplanin binds to CLEC-2, a C-type lectin-like receptor 2 highly expressed by CD11bhigh cells following inflammatory stimuli. Why podoplanin expression appears only after organ injury is currently unknown. Here, we characterize the role of podoplanin in different stages of myocardial repair after infarction and propose a podoplanin-mediated mechanism in the resolution of post-MI inflammatory response and cardiac repair. Neutralization of podoplanin led to significant improvements in the left ventricular functions and scar composition in animals treated with podoplanin neutralizing antibody. The inhibition of the interaction between podoplanin and CLEC-2 expressing immune cells in the heart enhances the cardiac performance, regeneration and angiogenesis post MI. Our data indicates that modulating the interaction between podoplanin positive cells with the immune cells after myocardial infarction positively affects immune cell recruitment and may represent a novel therapeutic target to augment post-MI cardiac repair, regeneration and function.
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28
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Extensive CD34-to-CD90 Fibroblast Transition Defines Regions of Cutaneous Reparative, Hypertrophic, and Keloidal Scarring. Am J Dermatopathol 2019; 41:16-28. [PMID: 30320623 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD90 fibroblasts have been described arising from and replacing the homeostatic CD34 network in scleroderma, but have not been specifically examined in other forms of cutaneous fibrosis. OBJECTIVES To address expression, timelines, and spatial relationships of CD90, CD34, and smooth muscle actin (SMA) expressing fibroblasts in scars and to examine for the presence of a CD34-to-CD90 transition. METHODS One hundred and seventeen scars (reparative/hypertrophic/keloidal) were evaluated for CD90, CD34, and SMA expression. Double-staining immunohistochemistry for CD90/CD34 was performed to identify CD90/CD34 transitioning cells, confirmed by double-color immunofluorescence. In addition, some scars were double-stained with CD90/SMA, CD90/procollagen-1, or SMA/procollagen-1 to evaluate spatial relationships and active collagen synthesis. Expression was graded as diffuse, minority, and negative. RESULTS Most scars demonstrate a CD90/CD34 pattern, and dual CD90/CD34 fibroblasts were observed in 91% of scars. In reparative scars, CD90 expression reverses to a CD34/CD90 state with maturation. Pathologic scars exhibit prolonged CD90 expression. Both CD90 and SMA fibroblasts collagenize scars, although CD90 fibroblasts are more prevalent. CONCLUSIONS CD90 fibroblasts likely arise from the resting CD34 fibroblastic network. Actively collagenizing scar fibroblasts exhibit a CD90/CD34 phenotype, which is prolonged in pathologic scars. CD90 fibroblasts are likely important players in cutaneous scarring.
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29
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Podoplanin in Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030707. [PMID: 30736372 PMCID: PMC6386838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin is a small cell-surface mucin-like glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in the development of the alveoli, heart, and lymphatic vascular system. Emerging evidence indicates that it is also involved in the control of mammary stem-cell activity and biogenesis of platelets in the bone marrow, and exerts an important function in the immune response. Podoplanin expression is upregulated in different cell types, including fibroblasts, macrophages, T helper cells, and epithelial cells, during inflammation and cancer, where it plays important roles. Podoplanin is implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis, promotes inflammation-driven and cancer-associated thrombosis, and stimulates cancer cell invasion and metastasis through a variety of strategies. To accomplish its biological functions, podoplanin must interact with other proteins located in the same cell or in neighbor cells. The binding of podoplanin to its ligands leads to modulation of signaling pathways that regulate proliferation, contractility, migration, epithelial⁻mesenchymal transition, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In this review, we describe the diverse roles of podoplanin in inflammation and cancer, depict the protein ligands of podoplanin identified so far, and discuss the mechanistic basis for the involvement of podoplanin in all these processes.
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30
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Barron AMS, Mantero JC, Ho JD, Nazari B, Horback KL, Bhawan J, Lafyatis R, Lam C, Browning JL. Perivascular Adventitial Fibroblast Specialization Accompanies T Cell Retention in the Inflamed Human Dermis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 202:56-68. [PMID: 30510068 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Perivascular accumulation of lymphocytes can be a prominent histopathologic feature of various human inflammatory skin diseases. Select examples include systemic sclerosis, spongiotic dermatitis, and cutaneous lupus. Although a large body of work has described various aspects of the endothelial and vascular smooth muscle layers in these diseases, the outer adventitial compartment is poorly explored. The goal of the current study was to characterize perivascular adventitial fibroblast states in inflammatory human skin diseases and relate these states to perivascular lymphocyte accumulation. In normal skin, adventitial fibroblasts are distinguished by CD90 expression, and dense perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates are uncommon. In systemic sclerosis, this compartment expands, but lymphocyte infiltrates remain sparse. In contrast, perivascular adventitial fibroblast expression of VCAM1 is upregulated in spongiotic dermatitis and lupus and is associated with a dense perivascular T cell infiltrate. VCAM1 expression marks transitioned fibroblasts that show some resemblance to the reticular stromal cells in secondary lymphoid organs. Expanded adventitial compartments with perivascular infiltrates similar to the human settings were not seen in the inflamed murine dermis. This species difference may hinder the dissection of aspects of perivascular adventitial pathology. The altered perivascular adventitial compartment and its associated reticular network form a niche for lymphocytes and appear to be fundamental in the development of an inflammatory pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M S Barron
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Julio C Mantero
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Jonathan D Ho
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Banafsheh Nazari
- Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Katharine L Horback
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Jag Bhawan
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118.,Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Christina Lam
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Jeffrey L Browning
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118; .,Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
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31
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Jiang D, Rinkevich Y. Defining Skin Fibroblastic Cell Types Beyond CD90. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:133. [PMID: 30406099 PMCID: PMC6204438 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuval Rinkevich
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
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32
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Apostolidis SA, Stifano G, Tabib T, Rice LM, Morse CM, Kahaleh B, Lafyatis R. Single Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies HSPG2 and APLNR as Markers of Endothelial Cell Injury in Systemic Sclerosis Skin. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2191. [PMID: 30327649 PMCID: PMC6174292 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The mechanisms that lead to endothelial cell (EC) injury and propagate the vasculopathy in Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) are not well understood. Using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), our goal was to identify EC markers and signature pathways associated with vascular injury in SSc skin. Methods: We implemented single cell sorting and subsequent RNA sequencing of cells isolated from SSc and healthy control skin. We used t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) to identify the various cell types. We performed pathway analysis using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Finally, we independently verified distinct markers using immunohistochemistry on skin biopsies and qPCR in primary ECs from SSc and healthy skin. Results: By combining the t-SNE analysis with the expression of known EC markers, we positively identified ECs among the sorted cells. Subsequently, we examined the differential expression profile between the ECs from healthy and SSc skin. Using GSEA and IPA analysis, we demonstrated that the SSc endothelial cell expression profile is enriched in processes associated with extracellular matrix generation, negative regulation of angiogenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Two of the top differentially expressed genes, HSPG2 and APLNR, were independently verified using immunohistochemistry staining and real-time qPCR analysis. Conclusion: ScRNA-seq, differential gene expression and pathway analysis revealed that ECs from SSc patients show a discrete pattern of gene expression associated with vascular injury and activation, extracellular matrix generation and negative regulation of angiogenesis. HSPG2 and APLNR were identified as two of the top markers of EC injury in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis A Apostolidis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Lisa M Rice
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christina M Morse
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bashar Kahaleh
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Foster DS, Jones RE, Ransom RC, Longaker MT, Norton JA. The evolving relationship of wound healing and tumor stroma. JCI Insight 2018; 3:99911. [PMID: 30232274 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The stroma in solid tumors contains a variety of cellular phenotypes and signaling pathways associated with wound healing, leading to the concept that a tumor behaves as a wound that does not heal. Similarities between tumors and healing wounds include fibroblast recruitment and activation, extracellular matrix (ECM) component deposition, infiltration of immune cells, neovascularization, and cellular lineage plasticity. However, unlike a wound that heals, the edges of a tumor are constantly expanding. Cell migration occurs both inward and outward as the tumor proliferates and invades adjacent tissues, often disregarding organ boundaries. The focus of our review is cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) cellular heterogeneity and plasticity and the acellular matrix components that accompany these cells. We explore how similarities and differences between healing wounds and tumor stroma continue to evolve as research progresses, shedding light on possible therapeutic targets that can result in innovative stromal-based treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshka S Foster
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - R Ellen Jones
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and
| | - Ryan C Ransom
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Norton
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Lee J, Park H, Yoon H, Chung J, Cho S. CD34 stromal expression is inversely proportional to smooth muscle actin expression and extent of morphea. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:2208-2216. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J.S. Lee
- Department of Dermatology; Seoul Metropolitan Government - Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center; Seoul Korea
- Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology; Medical Research Center; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science; Seoul National University Graduate School; Seoul Korea
| | - H.S. Park
- Department of Dermatology; Seoul Metropolitan Government - Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center; Seoul Korea
- Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology; Medical Research Center; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science; Seoul National University Graduate School; Seoul Korea
| | - H.S. Yoon
- Department of Dermatology; Seoul Metropolitan Government - Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center; Seoul Korea
- Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology; Medical Research Center; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science; Seoul National University Graduate School; Seoul Korea
| | - J.H. Chung
- Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology; Medical Research Center; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science; Seoul National University Graduate School; Seoul Korea
- Department of Dermatology; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - S. Cho
- Department of Dermatology; Seoul Metropolitan Government - Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center; Seoul Korea
- Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology; Medical Research Center; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science; Seoul National University Graduate School; Seoul Korea
- Department of Dermatology; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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35
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Direct conversion of injury-site myeloid cells to fibroblast-like cells of granulation tissue. Nat Commun 2018; 9:936. [PMID: 29507336 PMCID: PMC5838200 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03208-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, following injury, induces cellular plasticity as an inherent component of physiological tissue repair. The dominant fate of wound macrophages is unclear and debated. Here we show that two-thirds of all granulation tissue fibroblasts, otherwise known to be of mesenchymal origin, are derived from myeloid cells which are likely to be wound macrophages. Conversion of myeloid to fibroblast-like cells is impaired in diabetic wounds. In cross-talk between keratinocytes and myeloid cells, miR-21 packaged in extracellular vesicles (EV) is required for cell conversion. EV from wound fluid of healing chronic wound patients is rich in miR-21 and causes cell conversion more effectively compared to that by fluid from non-healing patients. Impaired conversion in diabetic wound tissue is rescued by targeted nanoparticle-based delivery of miR-21 to macrophages. This work introduces a paradigm wherein myeloid cells are recognized as a major source of fibroblast-like cells in the granulation tissue.
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36
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Di Carlo SE, Peduto L. The perivascular origin of pathological fibroblasts. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:54-63. [PMID: 29293094 DOI: 10.1172/jci93558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to repair tissues is essential for the survival of organisms. In chronic settings, the failure of the repair process to terminate results in overproduction of collagen, a pathology known as fibrosis, which compromises organ recovery and impairs function. The origin of the collagen-overproducing cell has been debated for years. Here we review recent insights gained from the use of lineage tracing approaches in several organs. The resulting evidence points toward specific subsets of tissue-resident mesenchymal cells, mainly localized in a perivascular position, as the major source for collagen-producing cells after injury. We discuss these findings in view of the functional heterogeneity of mesenchymal cells of the perivascular niche, which have essential vascular, immune, and regenerative functions that need to be preserved for efficient repair.
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Tabib T, Morse C, Wang T, Chen W, Lafyatis R. SFRP2/DPP4 and FMO1/LSP1 Define Major Fibroblast Populations in Human Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:802-810. [PMID: 29080679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts produce matrix, regulate inflammation, mediate reparative processes, and serve as pluripotent mesenchymal cells. Analyzing digested normal human skin by single-cell RNA sequencing, we explored different fibroblast populations. T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding and clustering of single-cell RNA sequencing data from six biopsy samples showed two major fibroblast populations, defined by distinct genes, including SFRP2 and FMO1, expressed exclusively by these two major fibroblast populations. Further subpopulations were defined within each of the SFRP2 and FMO1 populations and five minor fibroblast populations, each expressing discrete genes: CRABP1, COL11A1, FMO2, PRG4, or C2ORF40. Immunofluorescent staining confirmed that SFRP2 and FMO1 define cell types of dramatically different morphology. SFRP2+ fibroblasts were small, elongated, and distributed between collagen bundles. FMO1+ fibroblasts were larger and distributed in both interstitial and perivascular locations. Differential gene expression by SFRP2+, FMO1+, and COL11A1+ fibroblasts suggests roles in matrix deposition, inflammatory cell retention, and connective tissue cell differentiation, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christina Morse
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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38
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Cimini M, Cannatá A, Pasquinelli G, Rota M, Goichberg P. Phenotypically heterogeneous podoplanin-expressing cell populations are associated with the lymphatic vessel growth and fibrogenic responses in the acutely and chronically infarcted myocardium. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173927. [PMID: 28333941 PMCID: PMC5363820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac lymphatic vasculature undergoes substantial expansion in response to myocardial infarction (MI). However, there is limited information on the cellular mechanisms mediating post-MI lymphangiogenesis and accompanying fibrosis in the infarcted adult heart. Using a mouse model of permanent coronary artery ligation, we examined spatiotemporal changes in the expression of lymphendothelial and mesenchymal markers in the acutely and chronically infarcted myocardium. We found that at the time of wound granulation, a three-fold increase in the frequency of podoplanin-labeled cells occurred in the infarcted hearts compared to non-operated and sham-operated counterparts. Podoplanin immunoreactivity detected LYVE-1-positive lymphatic vessels, as well as masses of LYVE-1-negative cells dispersed between myocytes, predominantly in the vicinity of the infarcted region. Podoplanin-carrying populations displayed a mesenchymal progenitor marker PDGFRα, and intermittently expressed Prox-1, a master regulator of the lymphatic endothelial fate. At the stages of scar formation and maturation, concomitantly with the enlargement of lymphatic network in the injured myocardium, the podoplanin-rich LYVE-1-negative multicellular assemblies were apparent in the fibrotic area, aligned with extracellular matrix deposits, or located in immediate proximity to activated blood vessels with high VEGFR-2 content. Of note, these podoplanin-containing cells acquired the expression of PDGFRβ or a hematoendothelial epitope CD34. Although Prox-1 labeling was abundant in the area affected by MI, the podoplanin-presenting cells were not consistently Prox-1-positive. The concordance of podoplanin with VEGFR-3 similarly varied. Thus, our data reveal previously unknown phenotypic and structural heterogeneity within the podoplanin-positive cell compartment in the infarcted heart, and suggest an alternate ability of podoplanin-presenting cardiac cells to generate lymphatic endothelium and pro-fibrotic cells, contributing to scar development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cimini
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Antonio Cannatá
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- Unit of Surgical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello Rota
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Polina Goichberg
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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