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Wnt Signaling in the Development of Bone Metastasis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233934. [PMID: 36497192 PMCID: PMC9739050 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling occurs through evolutionarily conserved pathways that affect cellular proliferation and fate decisions during development and tissue maintenance. Alterations in these highly regulated pathways, however, play pivotal roles in various malignancies, promoting cancer initiation, growth and metastasis and the development of drug resistance. The ability of cancer cells to metastasize is the primary cause of cancer mortality. Bone is one of the most frequent sites of metastases that generally arise from breast, prostate, lung, melanoma or kidney cancer. Upon their arrival to the bone, cancer cells can enter a long-term dormancy period, from which they can be reactivated, but can rarely be cured. The activation of Wnt signaling during the bone metastasis process was found to enhance proliferation, induce the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, promote the modulation of the extracellular matrix, enhance angiogenesis and immune tolerance and metastasize and thrive in the bone. Due to the complexity of Wnt pathways and of the landscape of this mineralized tissue, Wnt function during metastatic progression within bone is not yet fully understood. Therefore, we believe that a better understanding of these pathways and their roles in the development of bone metastasis could improve our understanding of the disease and may constitute fertile ground for potential therapeutics.
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Lee S, Mendoza TR, Burner DN, Muldong MT, Wu CCN, Arreola-Villanueva C, Zuniga A, Greenburg O, Zhu WY, Murtadha J, Koutouan E, Pineda N, Pham H, Kang SG, Kim HT, Pineda G, Lennon KM, Cacalano NA, Jamieson CHM, Kane CJ, Kulidjian AA, Gaasterland T, Jamieson CAM. Novel Dormancy Mechanism of Castration Resistance in Bone Metastatic Prostate Cancer Organoids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063203. [PMID: 35328625 PMCID: PMC8952299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer (PCa) patients with bone metastases are treated with androgen pathway directed therapy (APDT). However, this treatment invariably fails and the cancer becomes castration resistant. To elucidate resistance mechanisms and to provide a more predictive pre-clinical research platform reflecting tumor heterogeneity, we established organoids from a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of bone metastatic prostate cancer, PCSD1. APDT-resistant PDX-derived organoids (PDOs) emerged when cultured without androgen or with the anti-androgen, enzalutamide. Transcriptomics revealed up-regulation of neurogenic and steroidogenic genes and down-regulation of DNA repair, cell cycle, circadian pathways and the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 host viral entry factors, ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Time course analysis of the cell cycle in live cells revealed that enzalutamide induced a gradual transition into a reversible dormant state as shown here for the first time at the single cell level in the context of multi-cellular, 3D living organoids using the Fucci2BL fluorescent live cell cycle tracker system. We show here a new mechanism of castration resistance in which enzalutamide induced dormancy and novel basal-luminal-like cells in bone metastatic prostate cancer organoids. These PDX organoids can be used to develop therapies targeting dormant APDT-resistant cells and host factors required for SARS-CoV-2 viral entry.
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MESH Headings
- Androgens/pharmacology
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/genetics
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism
- Animals
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Bone Neoplasms/genetics
- Bone Neoplasms/metabolism
- Bone Neoplasms/secondary
- COVID-19/genetics
- COVID-19/metabolism
- COVID-19/virology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Nitriles/pharmacology
- Organoids/metabolism
- Phenylthiohydantoin/pharmacology
- Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/metabolism
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/pathology
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Receptors, Virus/metabolism
- SARS-CoV-2/metabolism
- SARS-CoV-2/physiology
- Serine Endopeptidases/genetics
- Serine Endopeptidases/metabolism
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Virus Internalization
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Lee
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
- Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Theresa R. Mendoza
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - Danielle N. Burner
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - Michelle T. Muldong
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - Christina C. N. Wu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (G.P.); (K.M.L.)
| | - Catalina Arreola-Villanueva
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - Abril Zuniga
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - Olga Greenburg
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - William Y. Zhu
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - Jamillah Murtadha
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - Evodie Koutouan
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - Naomi Pineda
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - Hao Pham
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | - Sung-Gu Kang
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Hyun Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Gabriel Pineda
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (G.P.); (K.M.L.)
| | - Kathleen M. Lennon
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (G.P.); (K.M.L.)
| | - Nicholas A. Cacalano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Catriona H. M. Jamieson
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Christopher J. Kane
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
| | | | - Terry Gaasterland
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christina A. M. Jamieson
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (S.L.); (T.R.M.); (D.N.B.); (M.T.M.); (C.A.-V.); (A.Z.); (O.G.); (W.Y.Z.); (J.M.); (E.K.); (N.P.); (H.P.); (C.J.K.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (C.C.N.W.); (C.H.M.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-858-534-2921
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Lee SC, Ma JSY, Kim MS, Laborda E, Choi SH, Hampton EN, Yun H, Nunez V, Muldong MT, Wu CN, Ma W, Kulidjian AA, Kane CJ, Klyushnichenko V, Woods AK, Joseph SB, Petrassi M, Wisler J, Li J, Jamieson CAM, Schultz PG, Kim CH, Young TS. A PSMA-targeted bispecific antibody for prostate cancer driven by a small-molecule targeting ligand. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/33/eabi8193. [PMID: 34380625 PMCID: PMC8357232 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi8193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the development of next-generation antiandrogens, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains incurable. Here, we describe a unique semisynthetic bispecific antibody that uses site-specific unnatural amino acid conjugation to combine the potency of a T cell-recruiting anti-CD3 antibody with the specificity of an imaging ligand (DUPA) for prostate-specific membrane antigen. This format enabled optimization of structure and function to produce a candidate (CCW702) with specific, potent in vitro cytotoxicity and improved stability compared with a bispecific single-chain variable fragment format. In vivo, CCW702 eliminated C4-2 xenografts with as few as three weekly subcutaneous doses and prevented growth of PCSD1 patient-derived xenograft tumors in mice. In cynomolgus monkeys, CCW702 was well tolerated up to 34.1 mg/kg per dose, with near-complete subcutaneous bioavailability and a PK profile supporting testing of a weekly dosing regimen in patients. CCW702 is being evaluated in a first in-human clinical trial for men with mCRPC who had progressed on prior therapies (NCT04077021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Chang Lee
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jennifer S Y Ma
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eduardo Laborda
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sei-Hyun Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eric N Hampton
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Vanessa Nunez
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michelle T Muldong
- Department of Urology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christina N Wu
- Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wenxue Ma
- Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anna A Kulidjian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Scripps MD Anderson Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christopher J Kane
- Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Vadim Klyushnichenko
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ashley K Woods
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sean B Joseph
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mike Petrassi
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John Wisler
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christina A M Jamieson
- Department of Urology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Peter G Schultz
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chan Hyuk Kim
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Travis S Young
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Henrich SE, McMahon KM, Plebanek MP, Calvert AE, Feliciano TJ, Parrish S, Tavora F, Mega A, De Souza A, Carneiro BA, Thaxton CS. Prostate cancer extracellular vesicles mediate intercellular communication with bone marrow cells and promote metastasis in a cholesterol-dependent manner. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 10:e12042. [PMID: 33408816 PMCID: PMC7775568 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary tumours can establish long-range communication with distant organs to transform them into fertile soil for circulating tumour cells to implant and proliferate, a process called pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation. Tumour-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) are potent mediators of PMN formation due to their diverse complement of pro-malignant molecular cargo and their propensity to target specific cell types (Costa-Silva et al., 2015; Hoshino et al., 2015; Peinado et al., 2012; Peinado et al., 2017). While significant progress has been made to understand the mechanisms by which pro-metastatic EVs create tumour-favouring microenvironments at pre-metastatic organ sites, comparatively little attention has been paid to the factors intrinsic to recipient cells that may modify the extent to which pro-metastatic EV signalling is received and transduced. Here, we investigated the role of recipient cell cholesterol homeostasis in prostate cancer (PCa) EV-mediated signalling and metastasis. Using a bone metastatic model of enzalutamide-resistant PCa, we first characterized an axis of EV-mediated communication between PCa cells and bone marrow that is marked by in vitro and in vivo PCa EV uptake by bone marrow myeloid cells, activation of NF-κB signalling, enhanced osteoclast differentiation, and reduced myeloid thrombospondin-1 expression. We then employed a targeted, biomimetic approach to reduce myeloid cell cholesterol in vitro and in vivo prior to conditioning with PCa EVs. Reducing myeloid cell cholesterol prevented the uptake of PCa EVs by recipient myeloid cells, abolished NF-κB activity and osteoclast differentiation, stabilized thrombospondin-1 expression, and reduced metastatic burden by 77%. These results demonstrate that cholesterol homeostasis in bone marrow myeloid cells regulates pro-metastatic EV signalling and metastasis by acting as a gatekeeper for EV signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E. Henrich
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Kaylin M. McMahon
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Michael P. Plebanek
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Andrea E. Calvert
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Timothy J. Feliciano
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Samuel Parrish
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Fabio Tavora
- Department of PathologyMessejana Heart and Lung HospitalFortalezaBrazil
| | - Anthony Mega
- Warren Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Lifespan Cancer InstituteProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Andre De Souza
- Warren Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Lifespan Cancer InstituteProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Benedito A. Carneiro
- Warren Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Lifespan Cancer InstituteProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - C. Shad Thaxton
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Luo G, Tang M, Zhao Q, Lu L, Xie Y, Li Y, Liu C, Tian L, Chen X, Yu X. Bone marrow adipocytes enhance osteolytic bone destruction by activating 1q21.3(S100A7/8/9-IL6R)-TLR4 pathway in lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:2241-2253. [PMID: 32494918 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone metastasis is the result of complex crosstalk between tumor cells and bone marrow cells. Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) are the most abundant cell type in adult bone marrow. Therefore, we explore the effects of BMAs on bone metastasis in lung cancer. METHODS RNA-seq was used to compare the mRNA expression level of bone metastatic SBC5 cells and non-bone metastatic SBC3 cells. Rosiglitazone-induced marrow adiposity and intra-femoral injection of SBC5 cells were used to demonstrate the relationship between BMAs and SBC5 cells in vivo. Co-culture system, gene co-expression, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were used to explore the potential mechanism. RESULTS BMAs specially enhance the invasion of bone metastatic SBC5 instead of non-bone metastatic SBC3 in vitro. SBC5 instead of SBC3 promoted osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation as well as de-differentiation of mature BMAs. Rosiglitazone-induced marrow adiposity significantly enhanced osteolytic lesion induced by SBC5 in vivo. RNA-seq revealed that compared with SBC3, S100A9 and S100A8 genes were the most prominent genes up-regulated in SBC5 cells. High expression of S100A8/9 in SBC5 could be responsible for the crosstalk between lung cancer cells and BMAs. More importantly, interleukin 6 receptor (IL6R), which is adjacent to S100A8/A9 in 1q21.3, was significantly up-regulated by BMAs in vitro. S100A8/A9 (1 μg/ml) could obviously enhance the osteoblastic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation, whereas TLR4 inhibitor TAK242 (10 μmol/l) significantly attenuated this effect. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that bone marrow adipocyte may communicate with lung cancer cells via 1q21.3 (S100A8/A9-IL6R)-TLR4 pathway to promote osteolytic bone destruction. 1q21.3 (S100A8/A9-IL6R) is a potential target for the treatment of lung cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojing Luo
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengjia Tang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of General Practice, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyun Lu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujue Li
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Tian
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin M Posadas
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David J McConkey
- Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute, Department of Urology, Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Leland W K Chung
- Uro-Oncology Research, Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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