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Kaszecki E, Palberg D, Grant M, Griffin S, Dhanjal C, Capperauld M, Emery RJN, Saville BJ. Euglena mutabilis exists in a FAB consortium with microbes that enhance cadmium tolerance. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-023-00474-7. [PMID: 38167969 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthetic algal-fungal and algal-bacterial cultures have been investigated as a means to enhance the technological applications of the algae. This inclusion of other microbes has enhanced growth and improved stress tolerance of the algal culture. The goal of the current study was to investigate natural microbial consortia to gain an understanding of the occurrence and benefits of these associations in nature. The photosynthetic protist Euglena mutabilis is often found in association with other microbes in acidic environments with high heavy metal (HM) concentrations. This may suggest that microbial interactions are essential for the protist's ability to tolerate these extreme environments. Our study assessed the Cd tolerance of a natural fungal-algal-bacterial (FAB) association whereby the algae is E. mutabilis. RESULTS This study provides the first assessment of antibiotic and antimycotic agents on an E. mutabilis culture. The results indicate that antibiotic and antimycotic applications significantly decreased the viability of E. mutabilis cells when they were also exposed to Cd. Similar antibiotic treatments of E. gracilis cultures had variable or non-significant impacts on Cd tolerance. E. gracilis also recovered better after pre-treatment with antibiotics and Cd than did E. mutabilis. The recoveries were assessed by heterotrophic growth without antibiotics or Cd. In contrast, both Euglena species displayed increased chlorophyll production upon Cd exposure. PacBio full-length amplicon sequencing and targeted Sanger sequencing identified the microbial species present in the E. mutabilis culture to be the fungus Talaromyces sp. and the bacterium Acidiphilium acidophilum. CONCLUSION This study uncovers a possible fungal, algal, and bacterial relationship, what we refer to as a FAB consortium. The members of this consortium interact to enhance the response to Cd exposure. This results in a E. mutabilis culture that has a higher tolerance to Cd than the axenic E. gracilis. The description of this interaction provides a basis for explore the benefits of natural interactions. This will provide knowledge and direction for use when creating or maintaining FAB interactions for biotechnological purposes, including bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Kaszecki
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Palberg
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Mikaella Grant
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Griffin
- Forensic Science Department, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Chetan Dhanjal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - R J Neil Emery
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Barry J Saville
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada.
- Forensic Science Department, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada.
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Du J, Izquierdo D, Xu HF, Beisner B, Lavaud J, Ohlund L, Sleno L, Juneau P. Responses to herbicides of Arctic and temperate microalgae grown under different light intensities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 333:121985. [PMID: 37301455 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic ecosystems, microalgae are exposed to light fluctuations at different frequencies due to daily and seasonal changes. Although concentrations of herbicides are lower in Arctic than in temperate regions, atrazine and simazine, are increasingly found in northern aquatic systems because of long-distance aerial dispersal of widespread applications in the south and antifouling biocides used on ships. The toxic effects of atrazine on temperate microalgae are well documented, but very little is known about their effects on Arctic marine microalgae in relation to their temperate counterparts after light adaptation to variable light intensities. We therefore investigated the impacts of atrazine and simazine on photosynthetic activity, PSII energy fluxes, pigment content, photoprotective ability (NPQ), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content under three light intensities. The goal was to better understand differences in physiological responses to light fluctuations between Arctic and temperate microalgae and to determine how these different characteristics affect their responses to herbicides. The Arctic diatom Chaetoceros showed stronger light adaptation capacity than the Arctic green algae Micromonas. Atrazine and simazine inhibited the growth and photosynthetic electron transport, affected the pigment content, and disturbed the energy balance between light absorption and utilization. As a result, during high light adaptation and in the presence of herbicides, photoprotective pigments were synthesized and NPQ was highly activated. Nevertheless, these protective responses were insufficient to prevent oxidative damage caused by herbicides in both species from both regions, but at different extent depending on the species. Our study demonstrates that light is important in regulating herbicide toxicity in both Arctic and temperate microalgal strains. Moreover, eco-physiological differences in light responses are likely to support changes in the algal community, especially as the Arctic ocean becomes more polluted and bright with continued human impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal-GRIL-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montréal, Canada
| | - Disney Izquierdo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal-GRIL-EcotoQ-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montréal, Canada
| | - Hai-Feng Xu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Beatrix Beisner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Groupe de Recherche Interuniversitaire en Limnologie (GRIL), Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada
| | - Johann Lavaud
- TAKUVIK International Research Laboratory IRL3376, Université Laval (Canada) - CNRS (France), Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, 1045 Av. de la Médecine, Local 2064, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada; LEMAR-Laboratory of Environmental Marine Sciences, UMR6539, CNRS/Univ Brest/Ifremer/IRD, Institut Universitaire Européen de La Mer, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Leanne Ohlund
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal-EcotoQ-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Lekha Sleno
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal-EcotoQ-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Philippe Juneau
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal-GRIL-EcotoQ-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montréal, Canada.
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Du J, Izquierdo D, Naoum J, Ohlund L, Sleno L, Beisner BE, Lavaud J, Juneau P. Pesticide responses of Arctic and temperate microalgae differ in relation to ecophysiological characteristics. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 254:106323. [PMID: 36435012 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polar ecosystems play an important role in global primary production. Microalgae have adaptations that enable them to live under low temperature environments where irradiance and day length change drastically. Their adaptations, leading to different ecophysiological characteristics relative to temperate species, could also alter their sensitivity to pollutants such as pesticides. This study's objective was to understand how different ecophysiological characteristics influence the response of Arctic phytoplankton to pesticides in relation to the responses of their temperate counterparts. Ecophysiological endpoints were related to growth, cell biovolume, pigment content, photosynthetic activity, photoprotective mechanisms (NPQ, antioxidant enzyme activities), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. The Arctic species Micromonas polaris was more resistant to atrazine and simazine than its temperate counterpart Micromonas bravo. However, the other Arctic species Chaetoceros neogracilis was more sensitive to these herbicides than its temperate counterpart Chaetoceros neogracile. With respect to two other pesticide toxicity, both temperate microalgae were more sensitive to trifluralin, while Arctic microalgae were more sensitive to chlorpyrifos (insecticide). All differences could be ascribed to differences in the eco-physiological features of the two microalgal groups, which can be explained by cell size, pigment content, ROS content and protective mechanisms (NPQ and antioxidant enzymes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, GRIL-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Disney Izquierdo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, GRIL-EcotoQ-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Jonathan Naoum
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, GRIL-EcotoQ-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Leanne Ohlund
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, EcotoQ-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Lekha Sleno
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, EcotoQ-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Beatrix E Beisner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie (GRIL), Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Johann Lavaud
- TAKUVIK International Research Laboratory IRL3376, Université Laval (Canada) - CNRS (France), Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, 1045 av. de la Médecine, local 2064, G1V 0A6 Québec, Canada; LEMAR-Laboratory of Environmental Marine Sciences, UMR6539, CNRS/Univ Brest/Ifremer/IRD, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Philippe Juneau
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, GRIL-EcotoQ-TOXEN, Succ Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada.
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Yan Z, Meng H, Zhang Q, Bi Y, Gao X, Lei Y. Effects of cadmium and flooding on the formation of iron plaques, the rhizosphere bacterial community structure, and root exudates in Kandelia obovata seedlings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158190. [PMID: 35995174 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the rhizosphere, plant root exudates (REs) serve as a bridge between plant and soil functional microorganisms, which play a key role in the redox cycle of iron (Fe). This study examined the effects of periodic flooding and cadmium (Cd) on plant REs, the rhizosphere bacterial community structure, and the formation of root Fe plaques in the typical mangrove plant Kandelia obovata, as well as the relationship between REs and Fe redox cycling bacteria. Based on two-way analysis of variance, flooding and Cd had a considerable effect on the REs of K. obovata. DOC, NH4+-N, NO3--N, dissolved inorganic phosphorus, acetic acid, and malonic acid concentrations in REs of K. obovata increased considerably with the increase of Cd concentration under 5 and 10 h flooding conditions. Fe plaque development in the plant root was stimulated by flooding and Cd, although flooding was more effective. After Cd treatment, the ways in which Fe-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) and Fe-reducing bacteria (FeRB) were enriched in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of plants were different. Thiobacillus and Sideroxydans (dominant FeOB) were more abundant in the plant rhizosphere, whereas Acinetobacter (dominant FeRB) was more abundant in the rhizoplane. Cd considerably decreased the relative abundance of unclassified_f_Gallionellaceae in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane but dramatically enhanced the relative abundance of Thiobacillus, Shewanella, and unclassified_f_Geobacteraceae. Unclassified_f_Geobacteraceae and Thiobacillus exhibited substantial positive correlations with citric acid and DOC in REs in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane but strong negative correlations with Sideroxydans. The findings indicate that Cd and flooding treatments may play a role in the production and breakdown of Fe plaque in K. obovata roots by affecting the relative abundance of Fe redox cycling bacteria in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzheng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huijie Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiqiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Khanam MRM, Shimasaki Y, Hosain MZ, Chairil AE, Mukai K, Wang P, Tsuyama M, Qiu X, Oshima Y. Effects of the antifouling agent tributyltin on the sinking behavior, photosynthetic rate and biochemical composition of the marine planktonic diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:1158-1168. [PMID: 36006497 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02577-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the changes in the sinking rates and physiochemical characteristics of the planktonic marine diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana, caused by 72 h exposure to antifouling agent tributyltin (TBT) at 1.0 µg L-1 (72-h 10% effective concentration for growth rate, EC10), and 1.7 µg L-1 (EC50). After 72 h of exposure, the sinking rates of T. pseudonana cells were changed from 0.13-0.08 m day-1 in the control, 0.08-0.05 m day-1 in the EC10 treatment, and 0.04-0.006 m day-1 in the EC50 treatment. The results revealed that the sinking rate of T. pseudonana decreased significantly compared with the control at 48 h in the EC10 treatment group and at 24, 48, and 72 h in the EC50 treatment group. The photosynthetic performance index on an absorption basis and the maximum quantum yields of photosystem II also decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the TBT treatments compared with the control. There was a significant (P < 0.05) positive correlation between sinking rates and cellular protein contents (ng cell-1). Changes in the biochemical and physiochemical composition of the cells suggest that interference with photosynthetic processes by TBT may have reduced their specific gravity and thereby caused a decrease in the sinking rates of T. pseudonana. The results of this investigation suggest the importance of considering the effects of pollutants on the sinking behaviors of diatoms when evaluating the adverse effects of pollutants on marine primary production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yohei Shimasaki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Md Zahangir Hosain
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Abrianna Elke Chairil
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Koki Mukai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Michito Tsuyama
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Xuchun Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China
| | - Yuji Oshima
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
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Gomes MP, Kochi LY, Freitas PL, Figueredo CC, Juneau P. Periphytic Algae and Cyanobacteria from the Rio Doce Basin Respond Differently to Metals and Salinity, Showing Different Potential for Bioremediation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112349. [PMID: 34834712 PMCID: PMC8624130 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the isolated and combined effects of metals (Fe and Mn) and NaCl the on growth, physiology, and metal-uptake capacity of two photosynthetic periphytic species-Synechococcus elongatus (Cyanobacteria) and Chlorococcum infusionum (Chlorophyta)-isolated from an impacted area of the Rio Doce River (Brazil) after the Fundão dam collapse. The effective concentrations found to reduce 10 and 50% growth were 15.2 and 31.6 mg Fe L-1, and 2.5 and 7.9 mg Mn L-1 for S. elongatus and 53.9 and 61.6 mg Fe L-1, and 53.2 and 60.9 mg Mn L-1 for C. infusionum. Although the metal toxicity was related to oxidative stress, both species showed activation of antioxidant systems under phytotoxic concentrations of Fe and Mn. By binding large concentrations of metals on its cell surface and thus avoiding their entrance into the cells, C. infusionum presents greater resistance to Fe and Mn than S. elongatus. Under environmental realistic concentrations of Fe and Mn in river water from the Rio Doce Basin, S. elongatus and C. infusionum showed a metal removal efficiency of 42 and 65% and 53 and 79%, respectively after 96 h. These species were insensitive to increased NaCl concentrations which, in addition, did not disrupt the metal removal capacity of the species. Due to their salt and metal tolerance, S. elongatus and C. infusionum can be used for the remediation of waters contaminated with Fe and Mn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (L.Y.K.); (P.L.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.G.); (P.J.); Tel.: +55-413-361-1586 (M.P.G.); +1-514-987-3000 (ext. 3988) (P.J.)
| | - Letícia Yoshie Kochi
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (L.Y.K.); (P.L.F.)
| | - Patrícia Lawane Freitas
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (L.Y.K.); (P.L.F.)
| | - Cleber Cunha Figueredo
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerias, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, C.P. 486, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Philippe Juneau
- Ecotoxicology of Aquatic Microorganisms Laboratory, GRIL, EcotoQ, TOXEN, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Correspondence: (M.P.G.); (P.J.); Tel.: +55-413-361-1586 (M.P.G.); +1-514-987-3000 (ext. 3988) (P.J.)
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Zhao L, Xu K, Juneau P, Huang P, Lian Y, Zheng X, Zhong Q, Zhang W, Xiao F, Wu B, Yan Q, He Z. Light modulates the effect of antibiotic norfloxacin on photosynthetic processes of Microcystis aeruginosa. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 235:105826. [PMID: 33862333 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Norfloxacin is one of the widely used antibiotics, often detected in aquatic ecosystems, and difficultly degraded in the environment. However, how norfloxacin affects the photosynthetic process of freshwater phytoplankton is still largely unknown, especially under varied light conditions. In this study, we investigated photosynthetic mechanisms of Microcystis aeruginosa in responses to antibiotic norfloxacin (0-50 μg/L) for 72 h under low (LL; 50 μmol photons m-2 s-1) and high (HL; 250 μmol photons m-2 s-1) growth light regimes. We found that environmentally related concentrations of norfloxacin inhibited the growth rate and operational quantum yield of photosynthesis system II (PSII) of M. aeruginosa more under HL than under LL, suggesting HL increased the toxicity of norfloxacin to M. aeruginosa. Further analyses showed that norfloxacin deactivated PSII reaction centers under both growth light regimes with increased minimal fluorescence yields only under HL, suggesting that norfloxacin not only damaged reaction centers of PSII, but also inhibited energy transfer among phycobilisomes in M. aeruginosa under HL. However, non-photosynthetic quenching decreased in the studied species by norfloxacin exposure under both growth light regimes, suggesting that excess energy might not be efficiently dissipated as heat. Also, we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) content increased under norfloxacin treatments with a higher ROS content under HL compared to LL. In addition, HL increased the absorption of norfloxacin by M. aeruginosa, which could partly explain the high sensitivity to norfloxacin of M. aeruginosa under HL. This study firstly reports that light can strongly affect the toxicity of norfloxacin to M. aeruginosa, and has vitally important implications for assessing the toxicity of norfloxacin to aquatic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Zhao
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kui Xu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Philippe Juneau
- Department of Biological Sciences, GRIL-EcotoQ-TOXEN, Ecotoxicology of Aquatic Microorganisms Laboratory, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Peihuan Huang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingli Lian
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiafei Zheng
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiuping Zhong
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fanshu Xiao
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qingyun Yan
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhili He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Xu K, Li Z, Juneau P, Xiao F, Lian Y, Zhang W, Shu L, Jiang H, Zhang K, Wang C, Wang S, Yan Q, He Z. Toxic and protective mechanisms of cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. in response to titanium dioxide nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 274:116508. [PMID: 33516953 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An increasing production and use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) pose a huge threat to phytoplankton since they are largely released into aquatic environments, which represent a sink for TiO2 NPs. However, toxicity and protective mechanisms of cyanobacteria in response to TiO2 NPs remain elusive. Here we investigated toxic effects of two sizes of TiO2 NPs (50 and 10 nm) and one bulk TiO2 (200 nm) on a cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. and their possible protective mechanisms. We found that 10 nm TiO2 NPs caused significant growth and photosynthesis inhibition in Synechocystis sp. cells, largely reflected in decreased growth rate (38%), operational PSII quantum yields (40%), phycocyanin (51%) and allophycocyanin (63%), and increased reactive oxygen species content (245%), superoxide dismutase activity (46%). Also, transcriptomic analysis of Synechocystis sp. exposure to 10 nm TiO2 NPs showed the up-regulation of D1 and D2 protein genes (psbA and psbD), ferredoxin gene (petF) and F-type ATPase genes (e.g., atpB), and the down-regulation of psbM and psb28-2 in PS II. We further proposed a conceptual model to explore possible toxic and protective mechanisms for Synechocystis sp. under TiO2 nanoparticle exposure. This study provides mechanistic insights into our understanding of Synechocystis sp. responses to TiO2 NPs. This is essential for more accurate environmental risk assessment approaches of nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystems by governmental environmental agencies worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Xu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Philippe Juneau
- Department of Biological Sciences, GRIL - EcotoQ - TOXEN, Ecotoxicology of Aquatic Microorganisms Laboratory, Université Du Québec à Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fanshu Xiao
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingli Lian
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Longfei Shu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China; School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China; South China Sea Institution, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Shanquan Wang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyun Yan
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhili He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China; College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
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9
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Cui J, Xie Y, Sun T, Chen L, Zhang W. Deciphering and engineering photosynthetic cyanobacteria for heavy metal bioremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:144111. [PMID: 33352345 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution caused by heavy metals has received worldwide attentions due to their ubiquity, poor degradability and easy bioaccumulation in host cells. As one potential solution, photosynthetic cyanobacteria have been considered as promising remediation chassis and widely applied in various bioremediation processes of heavy-metals. Meanwhile, deciphering resistant mechanisms and constructing tolerant chassis towards heavy metals could greatly contribute to the successful application of the cyanobacteria-based bioremediation in the future. In this review, first we summarized recent application of cyanobacteria in heavy metals bioremediation using either live or dead cells. Second, resistant mechanisms and strategies for enhancing cyanobacterial bioremediation of heavy metals were discussed. Finally, potential challenges and perspectives for improving bioremediation of heavy metals by cyanobacteria were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Cui
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yaru Xie
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Tao Sun
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Law School of Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Weiwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Law School of Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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10
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Zsiros O, Nagy G, Patai R, Solymosi K, Gasser U, Polgár TF, Garab G, Kovács L, Hörcsik ZT. Similarities and Differences in the Effects of Toxic Concentrations of Cadmium and Chromium on the Structure and Functions of Thylakoid Membranes in Chlorella variabilis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1006. [PMID: 32733513 PMCID: PMC7358611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Trace metal contaminations in natural waters, wetlands, and wastewaters pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems-mainly via targeting microalgae. In this work, we investigated the effects of toxic amounts of chromium and cadmium ions on the structure and function of the photosynthetic machinery of Chlorella variabilis cells. To halt the propagation of cells, we used high concentrations of Cd and Cr, 50-50 mg L-1, in the forms of CdCl2 x 2.5 H2O and K2Cr2O7, respectively. Both treatments led to similar, about 50% gradual diminishment of the chlorophyll contents of the cells in 48 h, which was, however, accompanied by a small (~10%) but statistically significant enrichment (Cd) and loss (Cr) of ß-carotene. Both Cd and Cr inhibited the activity of photosystem II (PSII)-but with more severe inhibitions with Cr. On the contrary, the PsbA (D1) protein of PSII and the PsbO protein of the oxygen-evolving complex were retained more in Cr-treated cells than in the presence of Cd. These data and the higher susceptibility of P700 redox transients in Cr-treated cells suggest that, unlike with Cd, PSII is not the main target in the photochemical apparatus. These differences at the level of photochemistry also brought about dissimilarities at higher levels of the structural complexity of the photosynthetic apparatus. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy measurements revealed moderate perturbations in the macro-organization of the protein complexes-with more pronounced decline in Cd-treated cells than in the cells with Cr. Also, as reflected by transmission electron microscopy and small-angle neutron scattering, the thylakoid membranes suffered shrinking and were largely fragmented in Cd-treated cells, whereas no changes could be discerned with Cr. The preservation of integrity of membranes in Cr-treated cells was most probably aided by high proportion of the de-epoxidized xanthophylls, which were absent with Cd. It can thus be concluded that beside strong similarities of the toxic effects of Cr and Cd, the response of the photosynthetic machinery of C. variabilis to these two trace metal ions substantially differ from each other-strongly suggesting different inhibitory and protective mechanisms following the primary toxic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottó Zsiros
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Nagy
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Roland Patai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Solymosi
- Department of Plant Anatomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Urs Gasser
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Tamás F. Polgár
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Tibor Hörcsik
- Department of Biology Nyíregyháza, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
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11
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Wang J, Xiong Y, Zhang J, Lu X, Wei G. Naturally selected dominant weeds as heavy metal accumulators and excluders assisted by rhizosphere bacteria in a mining area. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125365. [PMID: 31759218 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Managers need more practical and promising plants for use in heavy metal phytoremediation. Although previous studies have identified the potential of some weeds and microbial strains in phytoremediation, the potential of dominant weeds and the relationship between weeds and their rhizosphere bacterial strains are still unknown. In our study, we examined dominant weeds in the Dabaoshan mine located in Guangdong province, China to test their abilities as heavy metal accumulators and excluders. Results suggest that Ludwigia prostrata exhibited the highest potential for accumulating Cu, Pb and Zn compared with the other plants. Specifically, L. prostrata accumulated 71.58, 130.76 and 454.72 mg kg-1 of Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively; the species' translocation factor of Zn was 2.04, indicating a high accumulation of Zn. In contrast, the Cd translocation factor (TF) of Digitaria sanguinalis was 0.18, significantly lower than that of other plant species examined. Our results suggest that Ludwigia prostrata hyperaccumulates Zn and may also serve as a potential candidate remediation plant for Cu and Pb due to its high absolute accumulation amount of Cu and Pb, while Digitaria sanguinalis may be a potential candidate as a Cd excluder. We also found that rhizosphere bacterial communities were shaped by individual dominant plant species. Chloroflexi was the most dominant phylum in accumulator plant such as Fimbristylis miliacea, while Cyanobacteria was the most dominant phylum in excluder plant such as Digitaria sanguinalis. Our study provides insights for selecting new weedy forbs and grasses, rhizosphere bacterial species and developing approaches for phytoremediation and phytostabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Yue Xiong
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Jiaen Zhang
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Xuening Lu
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Guangchang Wei
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
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12
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Huang W, Han S, Zhou Q, Li W, Xing W. Assessing interactions between environmental factors and aquatic toxicity: Influences of dissolved CO 2 and light on Cd toxicity in the aquatic macrophyte Potamogeton crispus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 212:247-258. [PMID: 31170659 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the combined effects of varying dissolved CO2 concentration (ambient CO2, 3˜17 μmol L-1, elevated CO2, 48˜81 μmol L-1) and light intensity (high light, c. 150 μmol photon m-2 s-1, low light, c. 25 μmol photon m-2 s-1) on the bioaccumulation and phytotoxicity of cadmium (Cd) in a macrophyte Potamogeton crispus, under constant Cd exposure. The data confirmed that 100 μM Cd led to adverse changes in morphology, ultrastructure and biochemistry in P. crispus. The toxic effects depended strongly on CO2 concentration and light intensity: elevated CO2 and high light both increased Cd concentrations in P. crispus, and there was a significant interaction between the two factors. Compared to high light grown plants, the photochemical efficiency and chlorophyll content of low light grown P. crispus were much less affected and the MDA content was lower, when exposed to 100 μM Cd. In addition, an antioxidative response was observed with a significant increase in SOD, POD and GST activities, indicating that low light grown P. crispus are more protected against Cd toxicity. When compared with ambient CO2 concentrations, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic rate and starch content, as well as the activity of SOD and GST, were significantly enhanced in Cd treated P. crispus under elevated CO2. This suggests that elevated CO2 reduced Cd toxicity in P. crispus by increasing photosynthesis and enhancing the antioxidant system. Moreover, the statistical results showed that dissolved CO2 and light had additive effects on Cd toxicity in P. crispus, reflected by the physiological parameters of total chlorophyll content, SOD activity and MDA content, indicating that the combination of high CO2 and low light produced more protection against Cd toxicity than did the factors alone. Based on the results of this study, it appears clear that referring to a specific site in aquatic ecosystem, dissolved CO2 concentration and light availability should be considered when assessing and managing Cd impacts on aquatic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmin Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shijuan Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Wei Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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