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Weiss C, Bertolino N, Procissi D, Aleppo G, Smith QC, Viola KL, Bartley SC, Klein WL, Disterhoft JF. Diet-induced Alzheimer's-like syndrome in the rabbit. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2022; 8:e12241. [PMID: 35128030 PMCID: PMC8804622 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have increased our understanding of the molecular basis of the disease, none of those models represent late-onset Alzheimer's Disease which accounts for >90% of AD cases, and no therapeutics developed in the mouse (with the possible exceptions of aduhelm/aducanumab and gantenerumab) have succeeded in preventing or reversing the disease. This technology has allowed much progress in understanding the molecular basis of AD. To further enhance our understanding, we used wild-type rabbit (with a nearly identical amino acid sequence for amyloid as in humans) to model LOAD by stressing risk factors including age, hypercholesterolemia, and elevated blood glucose levels (BGLs), upon an ε3-like isoform of apolipoprotein. We report a combined behavioral, imaging, and metabolic study using rabbit as a non-transgenic model to examine effects of AD-related risk factors on cognition, intrinsic functional connectivity, and magnetic resonance-based biomarkers of neuropathology. METHODS Aging rabbits were fed a diet enriched with either 2% cholesterol or 10% fat/30% fructose. Monthly tests of novel object recognition (NOR) and object location memory (OLM) were administered to track cognitive impairment. Trace eyeblink conditioning (EBC) was administered as a final test of cognitive impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to obtain resting state connectivity and quantitative parametric data (R2*). RESULTS Experimental diets induced hypercholesterolemia or elevated BGL. Both experimental diets induced statistically significant impairment of OLM (but not NOR) and altered intrinsic functional connectivity. EBC was more impaired by fat/fructose diet than by cholesterol. Whole brain and regional R2* MRI values were elevated in both experimental diet groups relative to rabbits on the control diet. DISCUSSION We propose that mechanisms underlying LOAD can be assessed by stressing risk factors for inducing AD and that dietary manipulations can be used to assess etiological differences in the pathologies and effectiveness of potential therapeutics against LOAD. In addition, non-invasive MRI in awake, non-anesthetized rabbits further increases the translational value of this non-transgenic model to study AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Weiss
- Department of NeuroscienceNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Nicola Bertolino
- Department of RadiologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Daniele Procissi
- Department of RadiologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Grazia Aleppo
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular MedicineNorthwestern University, Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Quinn C. Smith
- Department of NeuroscienceNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Kirsten L. Viola
- Department of NeurobiologyNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
| | - Samuel C. Bartley
- Department of NeurobiologyNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
| | - William L. Klein
- Department of NeurobiologyNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
| | - John F. Disterhoft
- Department of NeuroscienceNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
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2
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Kowara M, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A. Different Approaches in Therapy Aiming to Stabilize an Unstable Atherosclerotic Plaque. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094354. [PMID: 33919446 PMCID: PMC8122261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability is a vital clinical problem as vulnerable plaques tend to rupture, which results in atherosclerosis complications—myocardial infarctions and subsequent cardiovascular deaths. Therefore, methods aiming to stabilize such plaques are in great demand. In this brief review, the idea of atherosclerotic plaque stabilization and five main approaches—towards the regulation of metabolism, macrophages and cellular death, inflammation, reactive oxygen species, and extracellular matrix remodeling have been presented. Moreover, apart from classical approaches (targeted at the general mechanisms of plaque destabilization), there are also alternative approaches targeted either at certain plaques which have just become vulnerable or targeted at the minimization of the consequences of atherosclerotic plaque erosion or rupture. These alternative approaches have also been briefly mentioned in this review.
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3
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Lu H, Zhang J, Chen YE, Garcia-Barrio MT. Integration of Transformative Platforms for the Discovery of Causative Genes in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 35:637-654. [PMID: 33856594 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are powerful epidemiological tools to find genes and variants associated with cardiovascular diseases while follow-up biological studies allow to better understand the etiology and mechanisms of disease and assign causality. Improved methodologies and reduced costs have allowed wider use of bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, human-induced pluripotent stem cells, organoids, metabolomics, epigenomics, and novel animal models in conjunction with GWAS. In this review, we feature recent advancements relevant to cardiovascular diseases arising from the integration of genetic findings with multiple enabling technologies within multidisciplinary teams to highlight the solidifying transformative potential of this approach. Well-designed workflows integrating different platforms are greatly improving and accelerating the unraveling and understanding of complex disease processes while promoting an effective way to find better drug targets, improve drug design and repurposing, and provide insight towards a more personalized clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA.,Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA. .,Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Minerva T Garcia-Barrio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA.
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4
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Poznyak AV, Silaeva YY, Orekhov AN, Deykin AV. Animal models of human atherosclerosis: current progress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e9557. [PMID: 32428130 PMCID: PMC7266502 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20209557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis retains the leading position among the causes of global morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in the industrialized countries. Despite the continuing efforts to investigate disease pathogenesis and find the potential points of effective therapeutic intervention, our understanding of atherosclerosis mechanisms remains limited. This is partly due to the multifactorial nature of the disease pathogenesis, when several factors so different as altered lipid metabolism, increased oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation act together leading to the formation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Adequate animal models are currently indispensable for studying these processes and searching for novel therapies. Animal models based on rodents, such as mice and rats, and rabbits represent important tools for studying atherosclerosis. Currently, genetically modified animals allow for previously unknown possibilities in modelling the disease and its most relevant aspects. In this review, we describe the recent progress made in creating such models and discuss the most important findings obtained with them to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Poznyak
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Y Y Silaeva
- Core Facility Centre, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Deykin
- Core Facility Centre, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Takeda H, Izumi Y, Tamura S, Koike T, Koike Y, Shiomi M, Bamba T. Lipid Profiling of Serum and Lipoprotein Fractions in Response to Pitavastatin Using an Animal Model of Familial Hypercholesterolemia. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:1100-1108. [PMID: 31965805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Statins are widely used for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. They inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver and cause pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. To develop novel therapeutic drugs, the effect of blood-borne lipid molecules on the pleiotropic effects of statins must be elucidated. Myocardial infarction-prone Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHLMI) rabbits, an animal model for hypercholesterolemia, are suitable for the determination of lipid molecules in the blood in response to statins because their lipoprotein metabolism is similar to that of humans. Herein, lipid molecules were investigated by lipidome analysis in response to pitavastatin using WHHLMI rabbits. Various lipid molecules in the blood were measured using a supercritical fluid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Cholesterol and cholesterol ester blood concentrations decreased by reducing the secretion of very low density lipoproteins from the liver. Independent of the inhibition effects of cholesterol biosynthesis, the concentrations of some lipids with anti-inflammation and antioxidant effects (phospholipid molecules with n-6 fatty acid side chains, lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens, and ceramide molecules) were significantly altered. These findings may lead to further investigation of the mechanism of statin action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Takeda
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shohei Tamura
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomonari Koike
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yui Koike
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masashi Shiomi
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.,Division of Comparative Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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6
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Andreadou I, Schulz R, Badimon L, Adameová A, Kleinbongard P, Lecour S, Nikolaou PE, Falcão-Pires I, Vilahur G, Woudberg N, Heusch G, Ferdinandy P. Hyperlipidaemia and cardioprotection: Animal models for translational studies. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5287-5311. [PMID: 31769007 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidaemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and therefore, many animal model have been developed to mimic the human abnormal elevation of blood lipid levels. In parallel, extensive research for the alleviation of ischaemia/reperfusion injury has revealed that hyperlipidaemia is a major co-morbidity that attenuates the cardioprotective effect of conditioning strategies (preconditioning, postconditioning and remote conditioning) and that of pharmacological interventions by interfering with cardioprotective signalling pathways. In the present review article, we summarize the existing data on animal models of hypercholesterolaemia (total, low density and HDL abnormalities) and hypertriglyceridaemia used in ischaemia/reperfusion injury and protection from it. We also provide recommendations on preclinical animal models to be used for translations of the cardioprotective strategies into clinical practice. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.23/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Chair Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Adameová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Center of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Kleinbongard
- Institut für Pathophysiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Ines Falcão-Pires
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicholas Woudberg
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institut für Pathophysiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
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7
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The effects of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) carrying IL-8 monoclonal antibody on the inflammatory responses and stability of atherosclerotic plaques. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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8
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Wang R, Liu R, Li L, Liu B, Bai L, Wang W, Zhao S, Liu E. Fasting is not required for measuring plasma lipid levels in rabbits. Lab Anim 2019; 54:272-280. [PMID: 31216952 DOI: 10.1177/0023677219855102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Plasma lipid and glucose levels are important parameters for evaluating the onset and development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. In clinical and experimental studies of humans or mice, fasting is often required before testing plasma lipid and glucose levels. The rabbit is a valuable animal model for cardiovascular disease research. However, whether fasting is necessary for measuring plasma lipid and glucose levels in rabbits remains unclear. In the current study, 12 healthy Japanese white rabbits (males weighing 2.5-3.0 kg) were randomly divided into a chow diet group (n = 6) and a high cholesterol diet group (n = 6). They were fed either a standard chow diet or a chow diet supplemented with 0.5% cholesterol and 3% corn oil for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose were measured before and after various fasting durations (8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 h). The results showed that there were no significant differences in lipid levels between the fasting and non-fasting samples, whereas glucose levels were lower after 8 h of fasting than in the absence of fasting. Moreover, the glucose levels were restored to normal after 8 h of refeeding. These results indicate that fasting does not affect plasma lipid values in rabbits but that fasting is important for determining the glucose level in rabbits. These findings may be helpful for future rabbit experiments and beneficial for animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruihan Liu
- Zhengzhou Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lu Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baoning Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Bai
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weirong Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sihai Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Enqi Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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9
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Use of oocytes selected by brilliant cresyl blue staining enhances rabbit cloned embryo development in vitro. ZYGOTE 2019; 27:166-172. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199419000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
SummaryRabbits play an important role in people’s lives due to their high nutritional value and high-quality hair that can be used as raw material for textiles. Furthermore, rabbits are an important animal model for human disease, as genome-edited animals are particularly valuable for studying gene functions and pathogenesis. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is an important technique for producing genome-edited animals and it has great value in saving endangered species and in clone stem cell therapy. However, the low efficiency of SCNT limits its application, with the selection of suitable rabbit oocytes being crucial to its success. In the present study, we collected oocytes from ovarian follicles and stained them with 26 μM brilliant cresyl blue (BCB). We then matured the oocytes in vitro and used them for SCNT. Comparison of the BCB-positive oocytes with BCB-negative oocytes and the control group showed that the BCB-positive group had a significantly higher maturation rate (81.4% vs. 48.9% and 65.3% for the negative and control groups, respectively), cleavage rate (86.6% vs. 67.9% and 77.9%), blastocyst rate (30.5% vs. 12.8% and 19.6%), total number of blastocysts (90±7.5 vs. 65.3±6.3 and 67.5±5.7), and inner cell mass (ICM)/ trophectoderm (TE) index (42.3±4.2 vs. 30.2±2.1 and 33.9±5.1) (P<0.05). The BCB-positive group had a significantly lower apoptosis index (2.1±0.6 vs. 8.2±0.9 and 6.7±1.1 for the negative and control groups, respectively) (P<0.05). These findings demonstrate that BCB-positive oocytes have a higher maturation ability and developmental competence in vitro, indicating that BCB staining is a reliable method for selecting oocytes to enhance the efficiency of SCNT.
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10
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Mage RG, Esteves PJ, Rader C. Rabbit models of human diseases for diagnostics and therapeutics development. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:99-104. [PMID: 30339876 PMCID: PMC6364550 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This review presents some examples of studies using the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) that have led to, and continue to, contribute to advancement of understanding of human diseases as well as therapeutics development. In addition, we tabulate FDA-approved rabbit polyclonal and rabbit monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that are used for diagnostic applications, as well as an overview of some "humanized" or otherwise altered rabbit mAbs that are in initial phase I, II, or advanced to phase III clinical trials. Information about endogenous retriviruses learned from studies of rabbits and other members of the order Lagomorpha are summarized as this knowledge now applies to new therapeutics being developed for several human diseases including Multiple Sclerosis, Type 1 Diabetes and Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose G Mage
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bldg 10 11N311, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1892, USA.
| | - Pedro J Esteves
- CIBIO, InBIO, Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal
| | - Christoph Rader
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
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11
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Zhou L, Xiao Q, Bi J, Wang Z, Li Y. RabGTD: a comprehensive database of rabbit genome and transcriptome. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2018; 2018:5053987. [PMID: 30010730 PMCID: PMC6047408 DOI: 10.1093/database/bay075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The rabbit is a very important species for both biomedical research and agriculture animal breeding. They are not only the most-used experimental animals for the production of antibodies, but also widely used for studying a variety of human diseases. Here we developed RabGTD, the first comprehensive rabbit database containing both genome and transcriptome data generated by next-generation sequencing. Genomic variations coming from 79 samples were identified and annotated, including 33 samples of wild rabbits and 46 samples of domestic rabbits with diverse populations. Gene expression profiles of 86 tissue samples were complied, including those from the most commonly used models for hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. RabGTD is a web-based and open-access resource, which also provides convenient functions and friendly interfaces of searching, browsing and downloading for users to explore the big data. Database URL: http://www.picb.ac.cn/RabGTD/
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Rd., Xuhui District, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 52 Sanlihe Rd., Xicheng District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingyu Xiao
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Rd., Xuhui District, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 52 Sanlihe Rd., Xicheng District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Bi
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Rd., Xuhui District, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 52 Sanlihe Rd., Xicheng District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Rd., Xuhui District, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yixue Li
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Rd., Xuhui District, Shanghai 200031, China.,Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, 1278 Keyuan Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Rd., Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China
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12
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Thompson GR. Atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits and in homozygous and heterozygous LDL receptor-deficient humans. Atherosclerosis 2018; 276:148-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Wu L, Yao Q, Lin P, Li Y, Li H. Comparative transcriptomics reveals specific responding genes associated with atherosclerosis in rabbit and mouse models. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201618. [PMID: 30067832 PMCID: PMC6070260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse and rabbit are frequently employed species for atherosclerosis research. With respect to modeling human atherosclerosis, it has been observed that variations in phenotype under commonly used atherogenic conditions are partial or no congruence between two species. However, genome-wide molecular variations are still lacking. To understand the differences between rabbit and mouse in developing atherosclerosis, here from aspect of orthologs, we compared the genome-wide expression profiles of two species under the same atherosclerosis driven factors: high-fat diet or LDLR deficiency. Our results illuminated that: 1) LDLR-deficiency induced different gene expression changes in rabbit and mouse. WHHL rabbit had more significantly differential expressed genes and the most of genes were down-regulated. 2) Some genes and functions were commonly dysregulated in high-fat fed rabbit and mouse models, such as lipid metabolism and inflammation process. However, high-fat intake in rabbit produced more differentially expressed genes and more serious functional effects. 3) Specific differential expression genes were revealed for rabbit and mouse related with high-fat intake. In the aspect of lipoprotein metabolism, APOA4 and APOB was the major responding gene in rabbit and mice, respectively. The expression change of APOA4 and APOB in human atherosclerosis was more similar to rabbit, and therefore rabbit might be a better animal model for investigating human lipoprotein metabolism related diseases. In conclusion, our comparative transcriptome analysis revealed species-specific expression regulation that could partially explain the different phenotypes between rabbit and mouse, which was helpful for model selection to study atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Wu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianlan Yao
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixue Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Progression of calcific aortic valve sclerosis in WHHLMI rabbits. Atherosclerosis 2018; 273:8-14. [PMID: 29654986 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease and can be life-threatening. The pathogenesis of aortic valve calcification remains largely unknown, primarily due to the lack of an adequate animal model. The high-cholesterol diet-induced AS model in rabbits is one of the established models, but it has the significant limitation of liver dysfunction leading to low survival rates. We hypothesized that a myocardial infarction-prone Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHLMI) rabbit, an animal model of familial hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, is a useful animal model of AS. METHODS WHHLMI rabbits, aged 20 months and 30 months (n = 19), and control Japanese White rabbits (n = 4), aged 30 months, were used and evaluated by echocardiography under anesthesia. Pathological evaluation and quantitative analyses by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were also performed. RESULTS The lipid profile was similar between 20 months and 30 months. Two rabbits died due to spontaneous myocardial infarction during the study. Thirty-month-old WHHLMI rabbits exhibited significantly smaller aortic valve area (0.22 ± 0.006 cm2vs. 0.12 ± 0.01 cm2, p < 0.05) and higher maximal transvalvular pressure gradient (7.0 ± 0.32 vs. 9.9 ± 0.95 mmHg, p < 0.05) than 20 month-old rabbits. Macroscopic examination of excised aortic valves demonstrated thickened and degenerated valve leaflets at 30 months. Histological evaluation confirmed thickened leaflets with calcified nodules at 30 months. Real-time PCR of resected aortic valve also showed increased expression level of calcification-related molecules including osteopontin, Sox9, Bmp2, RANKL, osteoprotegerin, and Runx2 (p < 0.05 each) in 30-month-old rabbits. CONCLUSIONS WHHLMI rabbits may be useful models of early-stage AS in vivo.
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Baumgartner C, Brandl J, Münch G, Ungerer M. Rabbit models to study atherosclerosis and its complications – Transgenic vascular protein expression in vivo. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 121:131-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Hyperlipidemia-associated gene variations and expression patterns revealed by whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing of rabbit models. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26942. [PMID: 27245873 PMCID: PMC4887883 DOI: 10.1038/srep26942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is an important experimental animal for studying human diseases, such as hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Despite this, genetic information and RNA expression profiling of laboratory rabbits are lacking. Here, we characterized the whole-genome variants of three breeds of the most popular experimental rabbits, New Zealand White (NZW), Japanese White (JW) and Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits. Although the genetic diversity of WHHL rabbits was relatively low, they accumulated a large proportion of high-frequency deleterious mutations due to the small population size. Some of the deleterious mutations were associated with the pathophysiology of WHHL rabbits in addition to the LDLR deficiency. Furthermore, we conducted transcriptome sequencing of different organs of both WHHL and cholesterol-rich diet (Chol)-fed NZW rabbits. We found that gene expression profiles of the two rabbit models were essentially similar in the aorta, even though they exhibited different types of hypercholesterolemia. In contrast, Chol-fed rabbits, but not WHHL rabbits, exhibited pronounced inflammatory responses and abnormal lipid metabolism in the liver. These results provide valuable insights into identifying therapeutic targets of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis with rabbit models.
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Hirano T, Yamashita S, Takahashi M, Hashimoto H, Mori Y, Goto M. Anagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, decreases macrophage infiltration and suppresses atherosclerosis in aortic and coronary arteries in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Metabolism 2016; 65:893-903. [PMID: 27173468 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have demonstrated suppression of aortic atherosclerosis by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in hypercholesterolemic mice. However, it remains unknown whether DPP-4 inhibitors also exert anti-atherogenic effects in coronary arteries. We examined the effect of anagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, on atherosclerosis development in the aorta and coronary arteries in a high-cholesterol diet-fed rabbits. METHODS Japanese white rabbits were fed either normal chow (n=8) or a diet containing 0.5% cholesterol (n=34) for 14weeks. Cholesterol-fed rabbits were given 0.3% anagliptin or not in drinking water (each n=16 and 18) for 12weeks. RESULTS Dietary cholesterol intake markedly increased serum total cholesterol (TC) levels (1464±150mg/dL, mean±SE), and the most striking increase was observed among the major lipoproteins in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. No significant changes were observed in body weight, water intake, hemoglobin A1c, or glucose response to intravenous glucose loading following anagliptin administration. Anagliptin decreased TC and VLDL-cholesterol as well as cholesterol absorption markers sitosterol and campesterol slightly, although not significantly. Serum DPP-4 activity was suppressed by 82%, and active glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide levels were increased 2- to 3-fold by anagliptin treatment. Severe hypercholesterolemia resulted in the development of atherosclerosis in the aorta, and the ratio of atherosclerotic lesions to the total aortic surface area was 22±2%. Anagliptin suppressed the lesion ratio to 9±2% (p<0.001). Atherosclerotic lesions were clearly observed in the coronary arteries, where the mean intima-media area was enlarged, and intimal formation was developed. Anagliptin treatment attenuated the intima-media area and the intimal area by 43%. Alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive and macrophage-positive areas in the coronary arteries were suppressed by 66 and 75%, respectively, after anagliptin treatment. The aortic lesion ratio and the coronary intima area were correlated with each other (r=0.506, p<0.01), and each lesion correlated with TC in the whole cholesterol-fed rabbits. Gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in the carotid arteries was markedly reduced by approximately 90%, and vascular DPP-4 activity was reduced by 66% after anagliptin treatment. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time that a DPP-4 inhibitor can substantially suppress plaque formation in coronary arteries with a marked reduction in macrophage accumulation likely via its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Hirano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Satoko Yamashita
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., LTD., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masaki Takahashi
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., LTD., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hashimoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., LTD., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yusaku Mori
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moritaka Goto
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., LTD., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Preclinical models of atherosclerosis. The future of Hybrid PET/MR technology for the early detection of vulnerable plaque. Expert Rev Mol Med 2016; 18:e6. [PMID: 27056676 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2016.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in developed countries. The aetiology is currently multifactorial, thus making them very difficult to prevent. Preclinical models of atherothrombotic diseases, including vulnerable plaque-associated complications, are now providing significant insights into pathologies like atherosclerosis, and in combination with the most recent advances in new non-invasive imaging technologies, they have become essential tools to evaluate new therapeutic strategies, with which can forecast and prevent plaque rupture. Positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography imaging is currently used for plaque visualisation in clinical and pre-clinical cardiovascular research, albeit with significant limitations. However, the combination of PET and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies is still the best option available today, as combined PET/MRI scans provide simultaneous data acquisition together with high quality anatomical information, sensitivity and lower radiation exposure for the patient. The coming years may represent a new era for the implementation of PET/MRI in clinical practice, but first, clinically efficient attenuation correction algorithms and research towards multimodal reagents and safety issues should be validated at the preclinical level.
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Hirano T, Mori Y. Anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of glucagon-like peptide-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypepide, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in experimental animals. J Diabetes Investig 2016; 7 Suppl 1:80-6. [PMID: 27186361 PMCID: PMC4854510 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We reported that native incretins, liraglutide and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors (DPP‐4i) all confer an anti‐atherosclerotic effect in apolipoprotein E‐null (Apoe−/−) mice. We confirmed the anti‐atherogenic property of incretin‐related agents in the mouse wire injury model, in which the neointimal formation in the femoral artery is remarkably suppressed. Furthermore, we showed that DPP‐4i substantially suppresses plaque formation in coronary arteries with a marked reduction in the accumulation of macrophages in cholesterol‐fed rabbits. DPP‐4i showed an anti‐atherosclerotic effect in Apoe−/− mice mainly through the actions of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypepide. However, the dual incretin receptor antagonists partially attenuated the suppressive effect of DPP‐4i on atherosclerosis in diabetic Apoe−/− mice, suggesting an incretin‐independent mechanism. Exendin‐4 and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypepide elicited cyclic adenosine monophosphate generation, and suppressed the lipopolysaccharide‐induced gene expression of inflammatory molecules, such as interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐α, in U937 human monocytes. This suppressive effect, however, was attenuated by an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase and mimicked by 8‐bromo‐cyclic adenosine monophosphate or forskolin. DPP‐4i substantially suppressed the lipopolysaccharide‐induced expression of inflammatory cytokines without affecting cyclic adenosine monophosphate generation or cell proliferation. DPP‐4i more strongly suppressed the lipopolysaccharide‐induced gene expression of inflammatory molecules than incretins, most likely through inactivation of CD26. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypepide suppressed oxidized low‐density lipoprotein‐induced macrophage foam cell formation in a receptor‐dependent manner, which was associated with the downregulation of acyl‐coenzyme A cholesterol acyltransferase‐1 and CD36, as well as the up‐regulation of adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette transporter A1. Our studies strongly suggest that incretin‐related agents have favorable effects on macrophage‐driven atherosclerosis in experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Hirano
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology Showa University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Yusaku Mori
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology Showa University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
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Yu Q, Su X, Liu E. Could familial hypercholesterolemia oppose the diabetogenic effect of statin? Comments on a new SAFEHEART study. Int J Cardiol 2015; 202:954-5. [PMID: 26549563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Xi'an 710021, China; Institute of Material Medical, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Xingli Su
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Enqi Liu
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Xi'an 710021, China; Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
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Mera Y, Kawai T, Ogawa N, Odani N, Sasase T, Miyajima K, Ohta T, Kakutani M. JTT-130, a novel intestine-specific inhibitor of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, ameliorates lipid metabolism and attenuates atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic animal models. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 129:169-76. [PMID: 26598005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
JTT-130 was developed as an intestine-specific MTP inhibitor designed to rapidly catabolize after absorption to avoid causing hepatotoxicity due to hepatic MTP inhibition. In previous reports, we have demonstrated that JTT-130 suppresses dietary lipid absorption in the small intestine without inducing hepatic steatosis. Thus, in this report, JTT-130 was administered to hyperlipidemic animals fed a Western diet to investigate the effect of intestinal MTP inhibition on lipid metabolism and progression of atherosclerosis. JTT-130 potently lowered plasma non-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and elevated plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), indicating improvement in atherogenic index in hamsters. HDL fractions obtained after two weeks treatment with JTT-130 significantly increased the efflux of cholesterol from macrophages, as an index parameter of HDL function. Furthermore, long-term treatment with JTT-130 also improved the plasma lipid profile without inducing hepatic steatosis in rabbits, resulting in the suppression of atherosclerosis formation in aortas. From these results, JTT-130 ameliorates lipid metabolism accompanied with the enhancement of the anti-atherosclerotic function of HDL, and attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic animals. These findings indicate that intestinal MTP inhibition may be atherogenic in vivo and that JTT-130 may be a useful compound for the treatment of dyslipidemia and a potential anti-atherogenic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Mera
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan.
| | - Takashi Kawai
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan
| | - Naoto Ogawa
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan
| | - Naoya Odani
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sasase
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Miyajima
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohta
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan
| | - Makoto Kakutani
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan
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Should CMR Become the New Darling of Noninvasive Imaging for the Monitoring of Progression and Regression of Coronary Heart Disease? J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 66:257-260. [PMID: 26184619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cheng D, Wang Y, Gao S, Wang X, Sun W, Bai L, Cheng G, Chu Y, Zhao S, Liu E. Atorvastatin delays the glucose clearance rate in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 72:24-9. [PMID: 26054671 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The administration of statin might increase the risk of new-onset diabetes in hypercholesterolemic patients based on the recent clinical evidence. However, the causal relationship must be clarified and confirmed in animal experiments. Therefore, we mimicked hypercholesterolemia by feeding rabbits a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) and performed 16 weeks of atorvastatin administration to investigate the effect of statin on glucose metabolism. The intravenous glucose tolerance test showed that plasma glucose levels in the statin-treated rabbits were consistently higher and that there was a slower rate of glucose clearance from the blood than in HCD rabbits. The incremental area under the curve for glucose in the statin-treated rabbits was also significantly larger than in the HCD rabbits. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the intravenous insulin tolerance test. The glucose-lowering ability of exogenous insulin was not impaired by statin treatment in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. The administration of a single dose of statin did not affect glucose metabolism in normal rabbits. The statin also significantly increased the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase and decreased plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the hypercholesterolemic rabbits, whereas it did not affect plasma levels of glucose and insulin. The current results showed that atorvastatin treatment resulted in a significant delay of glucose clearance in hypercholesterolemic rabbits, and this rabbit model could be suitable for studying the effects of statin on glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxin Cheng
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shoucui Gao
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wentao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Bai
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yonglie Chu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sihai Zhao
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Enqi Liu
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Shaanxi, China.
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Gertz SD, Gavish L, Mintz Y, Beeri R, Rubinstein C, Gavish LY, Berlatzky Y, Appelbaum L, Gilon D. Contradictory effects of hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus on the progression of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Am J Cardiol 2015; 115:399-401. [PMID: 25499403 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Fan J, Kitajima S, Watanabe T, Xu J, Zhang J, Liu E, Chen YE. Rabbit models for the study of human atherosclerosis: from pathophysiological mechanisms to translational medicine. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 146:104-19. [PMID: 25277507 PMCID: PMC4304984 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory animal models play an important role in the study of human diseases. Using appropriate animals is critical not only for basic research but also for the development of therapeutics and diagnostic tools. Rabbits are widely used for the study of human atherosclerosis. Because rabbits have a unique feature of lipoprotein metabolism (like humans but unlike rodents) and are sensitive to a cholesterol diet, rabbit models have not only provided many insights into the pathogenesis and development of human atherosclerosis but also made a great contribution to translational research. In fact, rabbit was the first animal model used for studying human atherosclerosis, more than a century ago. Currently, three types of rabbit model are commonly used for the study of human atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism: (1) cholesterol-fed rabbits, (2) Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits, analogous to human familial hypercholesterolemia due to genetic deficiency of LDL receptors, and (3) genetically modified (transgenic and knock-out) rabbits. Despite their importance, compared with the mouse, the most widely used laboratory animal model nowadays, the use of rabbit models is still limited. In this review, we focus on the features of rabbit lipoprotein metabolism and pathology of atherosclerotic lesions that make it the optimal model for human atherosclerotic disease, especially for the translational medicine. For the sake of clarity, the review is not an attempt to be completely inclusive, but instead attempts to summarize substantial information concisely and provide a guideline for experiments using rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglin Fan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Shimokato 1110, Chuo-City 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Shuji Kitajima
- Division of Biological Resources and Development, Analytical Research Center for Experimental Sciences, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Teruo Watanabe
- Division of Biological Resources and Development, Analytical Research Center for Experimental Sciences, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Jie Xu
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Enqi Liu
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease and Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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