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Yuan G, Nong T, Hunpatin OS, Shi C, Su X, Wang Q, Liu H, Dai P, Ning Y. Research Progress on Plant Shaker K + Channels. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1423. [PMID: 38794493 PMCID: PMC11125005 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth and development are driven by intricate processes, with the cell membrane serving as a crucial interface between cells and their external environment. Maintaining balance and signal transduction across the cell membrane is essential for cellular stability and a host of life processes. Ion channels play a critical role in regulating intracellular ion concentrations and potentials. Among these, K+ channels on plant cell membranes are of paramount importance. The research of Shaker K+ channels has become a paradigm in the study of plant ion channels. This study offers a comprehensive overview of advancements in Shaker K+ channels, including insights into protein structure, function, regulatory mechanisms, and research techniques. Investigating Shaker K+ channels has enhanced our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing ion absorption and transport in plant cells. This knowledge offers invaluable guidance for enhancing crop yields and improving resistance to environmental stressors. Moreover, an extensive review of research methodologies in Shaker K+ channel studies provides essential reference solutions for researchers, promoting further advancements in ion channel research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tongjia Nong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Oluwaseyi Setonji Hunpatin
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chuhan Shi
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoqing Su
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Haobao Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Peigang Dai
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yang Ning
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
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Wang B, Xue P, Zhang Y, Zhan X, Wu W, Yu P, Chen D, Fu J, Hong Y, Shen X, Sun L, Cheng S, Liu Q, Cao L. OsCPK12 phosphorylates OsCATA and OsCATC to regulate H 2O 2 homeostasis and improve oxidative stress tolerance in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100780. [PMID: 38130060 PMCID: PMC10943579 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs), the best-characterized calcium sensors in plants, regulate many aspects of plant growth and development as well as plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, how CPKs regulate the antioxidant defense system remains largely unknown. We previously found that impaired function of OsCPK12 leads to oxidative stress in rice, with more H2O2, lower catalase (CAT) activity, and lower yield. Here, we explored the roles of OsCPK12 in oxidative stress tolerance in rice. Our results show that OsCPK12 interacts with and phosphorylates OsCATA and OsCATC at Ser11. Knockout of either OsCATA or OsCATC leads to an oxidative stress phenotype accompanied by higher accumulation of H2O2. Overexpression of the phosphomimetic proteins OsCATAS11D and OsCATCS11D in oscpk12-cr reduced the level of H2O2 accumulation. Moreover, OsCATAS11D and OsCATCS11D showed enhanced catalase activity in vivo and in vitro. OsCPK12-overexpressing plants exhibited higher CAT activity as well as higher tolerance to oxidative stress. Our findings demonstrate that OsCPK12 affects CAT enzyme activity by phosphorylating OsCATA and OsCATC at Ser11 to regulate H2O2 homeostasis, thereby mediating oxidative stress tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beifang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; Northern Rice Research Center of Bao Qing, Shuangyashan 155600, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Pao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xiaodeng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Weixun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Daibo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Junlin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yongbo Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xihong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Lianping Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Shihua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Qunen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Liyong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; Northern Rice Research Center of Bao Qing, Shuangyashan 155600, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
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3
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Liese A, Eichstädt B, Lederer S, Schulz P, Oehlschläger J, Matschi S, Feijó JA, Schulze WX, Konrad KR, Romeis T. Imaging of plant calcium-sensor kinase conformation monitors real time calcium-dependent decoding in planta. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:276-297. [PMID: 37433056 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) concentration are among the earliest reactions to a multitude of stress cues. While a plethora of Ca2+-permeable channels may generate distinct Ca2+ signatures and contribute to response specificities, the mechanisms by which Ca2+ signatures are decoded are poorly understood. Here, we developed a genetically encoded Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based reporter that visualizes the conformational changes in Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs/CPKs). We focused on two CDPKs with distinct Ca2+-sensitivities, highly Ca2+-sensitive Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AtCPK21 and rather Ca2+-insensitive AtCPK23, to report conformational changes accompanying kinase activation. In tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) pollen tubes, which naturally display coordinated spatial and temporal Ca2+ fluctuations, CPK21-FRET, but not CPK23-FRET, reported oscillatory emission ratio changes mirroring cytosolic Ca2+ changes, pointing to the isoform-specific Ca2+-sensitivity and reversibility of the conformational change. In Arabidopsis guard cells, CPK21-FRET-monitored conformational dynamics suggest that CPK21 serves as a decoder of signal-specific Ca2+ signatures in response to abscisic acid and the flagellin peptide flg22. Based on these data, CDPK-FRET is a powerful approach for tackling real-time live-cell Ca2+ decoding in a multitude of plant developmental and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Liese
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernadette Eichstädt
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Lederer
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Philipp Schulz
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Oehlschläger
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susanne Matschi
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - José A Feijó
- Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, 2136 Bioscience Research Bldg, College Park, MD 20742-5815, USA
| | - Waltraud X Schulze
- Plant Systems Biology, Universität Hohenheim, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Kai R Konrad
- Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Julius Maximilians Universität Würzburg, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tina Romeis
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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Zhao S, Zhang Q, Xiao W, Chen D, Hu J, Gao N, Huang M, Ye X. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals key genes and coordinated mechanisms in two rice cultivars differing in cadmium accumulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139489. [PMID: 37451631 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Although Cd accumulation varies among rice varieties is recognized, the underlying mechanisms are not well clarified. In this study, comparative transcriptome analysis were performed by hydroponic culture system with two rice varieties, Y1540 (high Cd accumulator) and Y15 (low Cd accumulator) under 20 μM Cd stress. Results revealed 17,320 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in roots of Y15 (7,655 upregulated and 9,665 downregulated) and 17,386 DEGs in roots of Y1540 (8,823 upregulated and 8,563 downregulated) expose to 20 μM Cd stress. Gene ontology (GO) analysis enriched 24 and 26 terms in Y15 and Y1540 respectively, including 23 common terms. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment showed 27 and 28 significant pathways in Y15 and Y1540 respectively, with 19 common pathways. Different responses to Cd stress between cultivars were not only reflected in differently enriched GO terms and KEGG pathways but also in different DEGs of 23 common GO terms and significant sequences represented by p-values of 19 common KEGG pathways. Both cultivars resist Cd through common processes with different weights; hence glutathione metabolism, mineral absorption, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and degradation of aromatic compounds could be playing a more important role in Y1540, whereas ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, mismatch repair, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and the cell cycle maybe playing a more important role in Y15. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that five and three modules were clustered in Y15 and Y1540, respectively, with yellow and brown modules in Y15 and brown modules in Y1540 being significantly related to Cd stress. Further analysis showed that most of hub genes in Y15 were related to signal transduction or transcription factors, while most of hub genes in Y1540 were related to binding, metabolic, and secondary metabolic processes, which demonstrated their different response patterns at transcriptomic level to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Wendan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - De Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Na Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Miaojie Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xuezhu Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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5
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Gao Y, Xu J, Li Z, Zhang Y, Riera N, Xiong Z, Ouyang Z, Liu X, Lu Z, Seymour D, Zhong B, Wang N. Citrus genomic resources unravel putative genetic determinants of Huanglongbing pathogenicity. iScience 2023; 26:106024. [PMID: 36824272 PMCID: PMC9941208 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus HLB caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus is a pathogen-triggered immune disease. Here, we identified putative genetic determinants of HLB pathogenicity by integrating citrus genomic resources to characterize the pan-genome of accessions that differ in their response to HLB. Genome-wide association mapping and analysis of allele-specific expression between susceptible, tolerant, and resistant accessions further refined candidates underlying the response to HLB. We first developed a phased diploid assembly of Citrus sinensis 'Newhall' genome and produced resequencing data for 91 citrus accessions that differ in their response to HLB. These data were combined with previous resequencing data from 356 accessions for genome-wide association mapping of the HLB response. Genes determinants for HLB pathogenicity were associated with host immune response, ROS production, and antioxidants. Overall, this study has provided a significant resource of citrus genomic data and identified candidate genes to be further explored to understand the genetic determinants of HLB pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Gao
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Zhilong Li
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yunzeng Zhang
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Nadia Riera
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Zhiwei Xiong
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhigang Ouyang
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinjun Liu
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhanjun Lu
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | | | - Balian Zhong
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Nian Wang
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
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6
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Peng R, Sun S, Li N, Kong L, Chen Z, Wang P, Xu L, Wang H, Geng X. Physiological and transcriptome profiling revealed defense networks during Cladosporium fulvum and tomato interaction at the early stage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1085395. [PMID: 36561446 PMCID: PMC9763619 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1085395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tomato leaf mold caused by Cladosporium fulvum (C. fulvum) is a serious fungal disease which results in huge yield losses in tomato cultivation worldwide. In our study, we discovered that ROS (reactive oxygen species) burst was triggered by C. fulvum treatment in tomato leaves. RNA-sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced by C. fulvum inoculation at the early stage of invasion in susceptible tomato plants. Gene ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases were used to annotate functions of DEGs in tomato plants. Based on our comparative analysis, DEGs related to plant-pathogen interaction pathway, plant hormone signal transduction pathway and the plant phenylpropanoid pathway were further analyzed. Our results discovered that a number of core defense genes against fungal invasion were induced and plant hormone signal transduction pathways were impacted by C. fulvum inoculation. Further, our results showed that SA (salicylic acid) and ABA (abscisic acid) contents were accumulated while JA (jasmonic acid) content decreased after C. fulvum inoculation in comparison with control, and quantitative real-time PCR to detect the relative expression of genes involved in SA, ABA and JA signaling pathway further confirmed our results. Together, results will contribute to understanding the mechanisms of C. fulvum and tomato interaction in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Peng
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Sheng Sun
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingjuan Kong
- Vegetable Department, Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- College of Biology and Agricultural Technology, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lurong Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hehe Wang
- Clemson University, Edisto Research and Education Center, Blackville, SC, United States
| | - Xueqing Geng
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Hu J, Wang B, Yang T, Li N, Yang H, Yu Q, Wang J. A calcium-dependent protein kinase gene SpCPK33 from Solanum pennellii associated with increased cold tolerance in tomato. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 279:153834. [PMID: 36272175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs, CPKs) represent a vital class of calcium sensors, which play a crucial role in plant growth, development and adaption to complex environmental stresses. Wild species tend to exhibit greater tolerance than cultivated species under environmental stress. Here, we isolated a calcium-dependent protein kinase gene SpCPK33 located primarily on the plasma membrane of abiotic-resistant species (Solanum pennellii LA0716). It was highly expressed in stems and leaves and was also induced by cold stress. Compared with WT plants, the overexpression of SpCPK33 in cultivated tomato (cv M82) enhanced its tolerance to cold stress. Transgenic lines demonstrated strong vitality under low temperature treatment. Moreover, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were decreased in SpCPK33-overexpressing plants. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and the levels of osmotic regulatory substances were higher. The transcript levels of cold stress-related genes were up-regulated. In summary, the results indicate that SpCPK33-overexpressing transgenic plants experience less severe chilling injury under cold stress, and improved tomato cold tolerance by scavenging ROS accumulation and modulating the expression of stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Hu
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China; Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science (Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics Research and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang), Urumqi, China
| | - Baike Wang
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science (Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics Research and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang), Urumqi, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science (Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics Research and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang), Urumqi, China
| | - Ning Li
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science (Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics Research and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang), Urumqi, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science (Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics Research and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang), Urumqi, China
| | - Qinghui Yu
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China; Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science (Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics Research and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang), Urumqi, China.
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science (Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics Research and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang), Urumqi, China.
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Yan M, Yu X, Zhou G, Sun D, Hu Y, Huang C, Zheng Q, Sun N, Wu J, Fu Z, Li L, Feng Z, Yu S. GhCDPK60 positively regulates drought stress tolerance in both transgenic Arabidopsis and cotton by regulating proline content and ROS level. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1072584. [PMID: 36531339 PMCID: PMC9751749 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1072584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases (CDPKs) involved in regulating downstream components of calcium signaling pathways play a role in tolerance to abiotic stresses and seed development in plants. However, functions of only a few cotton CDPKs have been clarified at present. In this study, 80 conserved CDPKs in Gossypium hirsutum L. were identified and characterized, which was divided into four subgroups. Among them, the transcript level of GhCDPK60 was significantly upregulated under drought and several hormone treatments. And we found that the expression levels of several stress-inducible genes down-regulated in GhCDPK60-silence cotton and up-regulated in GhCDPK60-overexpressing Arabidopsis. In addition, physiological analyses demonstrated that GhCDPK60 improved drought stress tolerance by improving the osmotic adjustment ability and reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants. These findings broaden our understanding of the biological roles of GhCDPK60 and mechanisms underlying drought stress tolerance in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Yan
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotian Yu
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gen Zhou
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongli Sun
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Hu
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenjue Huang
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qintao Zheng
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Sun
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaobin Fu
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Libei Li
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuxun Yu
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
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Dekomah SD, Bi Z, Dormatey R, Wang Y, Haider FU, Sun C, Yao P, Bai J. The role of CDPKs in plant development, nutrient and stress signaling. Front Genet 2022; 13:996203. [PMID: 36246614 PMCID: PMC9561101 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.996203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The second messenger calcium (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous intracellular signaling molecule found in eukaryotic cells. In plants, the multigene family of calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) plays an important role in regulating plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. CDPKs sense changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration and translate them into phosphorylation events that initiate downstream signaling processes. Several functional and expression studies on different CDPKs and their encoding genes have confirmed their multifunctional role in stress. Here, we provide an overview of the signal transduction mechanisms and functional roles of CDPKs. This review includes details on the regulation of secondary metabolites, nutrient uptake, regulation of flower development, hormonal regulation, and biotic and abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Dontoro Dekomah
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Bi
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Richard Dormatey
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yihao Wang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Panfeng Yao
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiangping Bai
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangping Bai,
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10
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Jiang M, Li X, Yuan Y, Zhang G, Pang J, Ren J, Wang J, Yang M. Integrated physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the molecular mechanism behind the response to cultivation in Quercus mongolica. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:947696. [PMID: 36003809 PMCID: PMC9393570 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.947696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quercus mongolica, a common tree species for building and landscaping in northern China, has great commercial and ecological value. The seedlings of Q. mongolica grow poorly and develop chlorosis when introduced from high-altitude mountains to low-altitude plains. Effective cultivation measures are key to improving the quality of seedlings. To investigate the complex responses of Q. mongolica to different cultivation measures, we compared the adaptability of 3-year-old Q. mongolica seedlings to pruning (P), irrigation (W), and fertilization [F (nitro compound fertilizer with 16N-16P-16K)]. Physiological measurements and transcriptome sequencing were performed on leaves collected under the P treatments (control, cutting, removal of all lateral branches, and removal of base branches to one-third of seedling height), the W treatments (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 times in sequence), and the F treatments (0, 2, 4, and 6 g/plant). Analyses of the physiological data showed that P was more effective than W or F for activating intracellular antioxidant systems. By contrast, W and F were more beneficial than P for inducing the accumulation of soluble sugar. OPLS-DA identified superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and peroxidase as critical physiological indices for the three cultivation measures. Transcriptome analyses revealed 1,012 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the P treatment, 1,035 DEGs in the W treatment, and 1,175 DEGs in the F treatment; these DEGs were mainly enriched in Gene Ontology terms related to the stress response and signal transduction. Weighted gene coexpression network analyses indicated that specific gene modules were significantly correlated with MDA (one module) and soluble sugar (four modules). Functional annotation of the hub genes differentially expressed in MDA and soluble sugar-related modules revealed that Q. mongolica responded and adapted to different cultivation measures by altering signal transduction, hormone levels, reactive oxygen species, metabolism, and transcription factors. The hub genes HOP3, CIPK11, WRKY22, and BHLH35 in the coexpression networks may played a central role in responses to the cultivation practices. These results reveal the mechanism behind the response of Q. mongolica to different cultivation measures at the physiological and molecular levels and provide insight into the response of plants to cultivation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinman Li
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | | | - Guowei Zhang
- Hongyashan State-Owned Forest Farm, Baoding, China
| | | | - Junjie Ren
- Hongyashan State-Owned Forest Farm, Baoding, China
| | - Jinmao Wang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Minsheng Yang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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11
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Zhu X, Wang F, Li S, Feng Y, Yang J, Zhang N, Si H. Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 28 Maintains Potato Photosynthesis and Its Tolerance under Water Deficiency and Osmotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158795. [PMID: 35955930 PMCID: PMC9368905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPK) are implicated in signaling transduction in eukaryotic organisms. It is largely unknown whether StCDPK28 plays a role in the response to water deficiency and osmotic stress in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.). Potato cv. Zihuabai was cultivated under natural, moderate, and severe water deficiency conditions; to induce osmotic stress, potato plants were treated with 10% or 20% PEG. StCDPK28-overexpression and StCDPK28-knockdown plants were constructed. StCDPKs were evaluated by qRT-PCR. The subcellular location of the StCDPK28 protein was observed with confocal scanning laser microscopy. Phenotypic changes were indicated by photosynthetic activity, the contents of H2O2, MDA and proline, and the activities of CAT, SOD and POD. Results showed water deficiency and osmotic stress altered StCDPK expression patterns. StCDPK28 exhibited a membrane, cytosolic and nuclear localization. Water deficiency and osmotic stress induced StCDPK28 upregulation. Photosynthetic activity was enhanced by StCDPK28 overexpression, while decreased by StCDPK2 knockdown under water deficiency and osmotic stress. StCDPK28 overexpression decreased H2O2 and MDA, and increased proline, while StCDPK28 knockdown showed reverse results, compared with the wild type, in response to water deficiency and osmotic stress. StCDPK28 overexpression increased the activities of CAT, SOD and POD, while StCDPK28-knockdown plants indicated the reverse trend under water deficiency and osmotic stress conditions. Regulation of StCDPK28 expression could be a promising approach to improve the tolerance ability of potato plants in response to drought or high salt media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shigui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ya Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jiangwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huaijun Si
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence:
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12
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Bredow M, Monaghan J. Cross-kingdom regulation of calcium- and/or calmodulin-dependent protein kinases by phospho-switches that relieve autoinhibition. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 68:102251. [PMID: 35767936 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms to sense and respond to calcium have evolved in all organisms. Calmodulin is a universal calcium sensor across eukaryotes that directly binds calcium and associates with many downstream signal transducers including protein kinases. All eukaryotes encode calcium-dependent and/or calmodulin-dependent kinases, however there are distinct protein families across kingdoms. Here, we compare the activation mechanisms of calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs), calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CCaMKs) and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), noting striking similarities regarding phosphorylation in a regulatory segment known as the autoinhibitory junction. We thus propose that conserved regulation by phosphorylation underlies the activation of calcium-responsive proteins from different kingdoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bredow
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames IA, USA.
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13
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Wang R, Himschoot E, Chen J, Boudsocq M, Geelen D, Friml J, Beeckman T, Vanneste S. Constitutive Active CPK30 Interferes With Root Growth and Endomembrane Trafficking in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:862398. [PMID: 35783951 PMCID: PMC9245594 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.862398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPK) are key components of a wide array of signaling pathways, translating stress and nutrient signaling into the modulation of cellular processes such as ion transport and transcription. However, not much is known about CPKs in endomembrane trafficking. Here, we screened for CPKs that impact on root growth and gravitropism, by overexpressing constitutively active forms of CPKs under the control of an inducible promoter in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that inducible overexpression of an constitutive active CPK30 (CA-CPK30) resulted in a loss of root gravitropism and ectopic auxin accumulation in the root tip. Immunolocalization revealed that CA-CPK30 roots have reduced PIN protein levels, PIN1 polarity defects and impaired Brefeldin A (BFA)-sensitive trafficking. Moreover, FM4-64 uptake was reduced, indicative of a defect in endocytosis. The effects on BFA-sensitive trafficking were not specific to PINs, as BFA could not induce aggregation of ARF1- and CHC-labeled endosomes in CA-CPK30. Interestingly, the interference with BFA-body formation, could be reverted by increasing the extracellular pH, indicating a pH-dependence of this CA-CPK30 effect. Altogether, our data reveal an important role for CPK30 in root growth regulation and endomembrane trafficking in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ellie Himschoot
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie Boudsocq
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
- Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
| | - Danny Geelen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
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14
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Kilburn R, Gerdis SA, She YM, Snedden WA, Plaxton WC. Autophosphorylation Inhibits RcCDPK1, a Dual-Specificity Kinase that Phosphorylates Bacterial-Type Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase in Castor Oil Seeds. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:683-698. [PMID: 35246690 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) is a tightly regulated enzyme that plays a crucial anaplerotic role in central plant metabolism. Bacterial-type PEPC (BTPC) of developing castor oil seeds (COS) is highly expressed as a catalytic and regulatory subunit of a novel Class-2 PEPC heteromeric complex. Ricinus communis Ca2+-dependent protein kinase-1 (RcCDPK1) catalyzes in vivo inhibitory phosphorylation of COS BTPC at Ser451. Autokinase activity of recombinant RcCDPK1 was detected and 42 autophosphorylated Ser, Thr or Tyr residues were mapped via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Prior autophosphorylation markedly attenuated the ability of RcCDPK1 to transphosphorylate its BTPC substrate at Ser451. However, fully dephosphorylated RcCDPK1 rapidly autophosphorylated during the initial stages of a BTPC transphosphorylation assay. This suggests that Ca2+-dependent binding of dephospho-RcCDPK1 to BTPC may trigger a structural change that leads to rapid autophosphorylation and subsequent substrate transphosphorylation. Tyr30 was identified as an autophosphorylation site via LC-MS/MS and immunoblotting with a phosphosite-specific antibody. Tyr30 occurs at the junction of RcCDPK1's N-terminal variable (NTVD) and catalytic domains and is widely conserved in plant and protist CDPKs. Interestingly, a reduced rate and extent of BTPC transphosphorylation occurred with a RcCDPK1Y30F mutant. Prior research demonstrated that RcCDPK1's NTVD is essential for its Ca2+-dependent autophosphorylation or BTPC transphosphorylation activities but plays no role in target recognition. We propose that Tyr30 autophosphorylation facilitates a Ca2+-dependent interaction between the NTVD and Ca2+-activation domain that primes RcCDPK1 for transphosphorylating BTPC at Ser451. Our results provide insights into links between the post-translational control of COS anaplerosis, Ca2+-dependent signaling and the biological significance of RcCDPK1 autophosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Kilburn
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Suzanne A Gerdis
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A OC6, Canada
| | - Yi-Min She
- Centre for Biologics Evaluation, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A OK9, Canada
| | - Wayne A Snedden
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - William C Plaxton
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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15
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Deepika D, Poddar N, Kumar S, Singh A. Molecular Characterization Reveals the Involvement of Calcium Dependent Protein Kinases in Abiotic Stress Signaling and Development in Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:831265. [PMID: 35498712 PMCID: PMC9039462 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.831265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are a major group of calcium (Ca2+) sensors in plants. CDPKs play a dual function of "Ca2+ sensor and responder." These sensors decode the "Ca2+ signatures" generated in response to adverse growth conditions such as drought, salinity, and cold and developmental processes. However, knowledge of the CDPK family in the legume crop chickpea is missing. Here, we have identified a total of 22 CDPK genes in the chickpea genome. The phylogenetic analysis of the chickpea CDPK family with other plants revealed their evolutionary conservation. Protein homology modeling described the three-dimensional structure of chickpea CDPKs. Defined arrangements of α-helix, β-strands, and transmembrane-helix represent important structures like kinase domain, inhibitory junction domain, N and C-lobes of EF-hand motifs. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that CaCDPK proteins are localized mainly at the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. Most of the CaCDPK promoters had abiotic stress and development-related cis-regulatory elements, suggesting the functional role of CaCDPKs in abiotic stress and development-related signaling. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) expression analysis indicated the role of the CaCDPK family in various developmental stages, including vegetative, reproductive development, senescence stages, and during seed stages of early embryogenesis, late embryogenesis, mid and late seed maturity. The real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that several CaCDPK genes are specifically as well as commonly induced by drought, salt, and Abscisic acid (ABA). Overall, these findings indicate that the CDPK family is probably involved in abiotic stress responses and development in chickpeas. This study provides crucial information on the CDPK family that will be utilized in generating abiotic stress-tolerant and high-yielding chickpea varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Deepika
- Stress Signaling Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Poddar
- Bioinformatics Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shailesh Kumar
- Bioinformatics Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Amarjeet Singh
- Stress Signaling Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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16
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Identification of CDPK Gene Family in Solanum habrochaites and Its Function Analysis under Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084227. [PMID: 35457042 PMCID: PMC9031491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato is an important vegetable crop. In the process of tomato production, it will encounter abiotic stress, such as low temperature, drought, and high salt, and biotic stress, such as pathogen infection, which will seriously affect the yield of tomato. Calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) is a class of major calcium signal receptor which has an important regulatory effect on the perception and decoding of calcium signals. CDPK plays a key role in many aspects of plant growth, such as the elongation of pollen tubes, plant growth, and response to biotic and abiotic stress. While some studies have concentrated on Arabidopsis and pepper, Solanum habrochaites is a wild species relative of cultivated tomato and there is no report on CDPK in Solanum habrochaites to date. Using tomato genomic data, this study identified 33 members of the CDPK gene family. Evolutionary analysis divides family members into four Asian groups, of which the CDPK family members have 11 gene replication pairs. Subcellular location analysis showed that most proteins were predicted to be located in the cytoplasm, and less protein existed on the cell membrane. Not all CDPK family members have a transmembrane domain. Cis regulatory elements relating to light, hormones, and drought stress are overrepresented in the promoter region of the CDPK genes in Solanum habrochaites. The expression levels of each gene under biotic stress and abiotic stress were quantified by qRT-PCR. The results showed that members of the CDPK family in Solanum habrochaites respond to different biotic and abiotic stresses. Among them, the expression of ShCDPK6 and ShCDPK26 genes change significantly. ShCDPK6 and ShCDPK26 genes were silenced using VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing), and the silenced plants illustrated reduced stress resistance to Botrytis cinerea, cold, and drought stress. The results of this study will provide a basis for the in-depth study of the CDPK gene family in Solanum habrochaites, laying the foundation for further analysis of the function of the gene family.
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17
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Ramírez-Pool JA, Xoconostle-Cázares B, Calderón-Pérez B, Ibarra-Laclette E, Villafán E, Lira-Carmona R, Ruiz-Medrano R. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Host Response to Mild and Severe CTV Strains in Naturally Infected Citrus sinensis Orchards. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052435. [PMID: 35269578 PMCID: PMC8910659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is an important threat to the global citrus industry, causing severe economic losses worldwide. The disease management strategies are focused on vector control, tree culling, and the use of resistant varieties and rootstocks. Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) trees showing either severe or mild CTV symptoms have been observed in orchards in Veracruz, Mexico, and were probably caused by different virus strains. To understand these symptomatic differences, transcriptomic analyses were conducted using asymptomatic trees. CTV was confirmed to be associated with infected plants, and mild and severe strains were successfully identified by a polymorphism in the coat protein (CP) encoding gene. RNA-Seq analysis revealed more than 900 significantly differentially expressed genes in response to mild and severe strains, with some overlapping genes. Importantly, multiple sequence reads corresponding to Citrus exocortis viroid and Hop stunt viroid were found in severe symptomatic and asymptomatic trees, but not in plants with mild symptoms. The differential gene expression profiling obtained in this work provides an overview of molecular behavior in naturally CTV-infected trees. This work may contribute to our understanding of citrus-virus interaction in more natural settings, which can help develop strategies for integrated crop management.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Abrahán Ramírez-Pool
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco 07360, Mexico; (J.A.R.-P.); (B.X.-C.); (B.C.-P.)
| | - Beatriz Xoconostle-Cázares
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco 07360, Mexico; (J.A.R.-P.); (B.X.-C.); (B.C.-P.)
| | - Berenice Calderón-Pérez
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco 07360, Mexico; (J.A.R.-P.); (B.X.-C.); (B.C.-P.)
| | - Enrique Ibarra-Laclette
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa 91070, Mexico; (E.I.-L.); (E.V.)
| | - Emanuel Villafán
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa 91070, Mexico; (E.I.-L.); (E.V.)
| | - Rosalía Lira-Carmona
- Laboratorio de Virología, UIMEIP, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc 06720, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Ruiz-Medrano
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco 07360, Mexico; (J.A.R.-P.); (B.X.-C.); (B.C.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-5557473800
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18
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Cheng H, Pan G, Zhou N, Zhai Z, Yang L, Zhu H, Cui X, Zhao P, Zhang H, Li S, Yang B, Jiang YQ. Calcium-dependent Protein Kinase 5 (CPK5) positively modulates drought tolerance through phosphorylating ABA-Responsive Element Binding Factors in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 315:111125. [PMID: 35067297 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Drought is an environmental stress that causes severe crop loss. Drought stress can induce abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation and cytoplasmic calcium oscillation. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) constitute a group of Ser/Thr protein kinases decoding calcium signals. However, the function and molecular mechanisms of most CPKs in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) remain unknown. Here, we report the functional characterization of BnaCPK5 in drought stress tolerance. BnaCPK5 belongs to Group I of the CPK family and was localized at the plasma membrane and nuclei. Overexpression of BnaCPK5 enhanced drought stress tolerance compared with the control. A screening of interacting proteins identified that BnaCPK5 interacted strongly with two ABA-Responsive Element Binding Factors (ABF/AREBs), BnaABF3 and BnaABF4. BnaCPK5 was shown to phosphorylate both BnaABF3 and BnaABF4 in a kinase assay. Further, it was found that the phosphorylation of BnaABF3 and BnaABF4 by BnaCPK5 increased their transcriptional activities against the famous drought stress marker gene, Responsive to Dehydration (RD) 29B and protein stability. Taken together, these data demonstrate that BnaCPK5 acts as a positive regulator of drought tolerance by, at least in part, phosphorylating two core ABA-signaling components to modulate Late-Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA)-like RD29B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haokun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Gengyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Na Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zengkang Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Huafan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Peiyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hanfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shaojun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Yuan-Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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19
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Yip Delormel T, Avila-Ospina L, Davanture M, Zivy M, Lang J, Valentin N, Rayapuram N, Hirt H, Colcombet J, Boudsocq M. In vivo identification of putative CPK5 substrates in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 314:111121. [PMID: 34895550 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling mediates most developmental processes and stress responses in plants. Among plant calcium sensors, the calcium-dependent protein kinases display a unique structure harboring both calcium sensing and kinase responding activities. AtCPK5 is an essential member of this family in Arabidopsis that regulates immunity and abiotic stress tolerance. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, we implemented a biochemical approach to identify in vivo substrates of AtCPK5. We generated transgenic lines expressing a constitutively active form of AtCPK5 under the control of a dexamethasone-inducible promoter. Lines expressing a kinase-dead version were used as a negative control. By comparing the phosphoproteome of the kinase-active and kinase-dead lines upon dexamethasone treatment, we identified 5 phosphopeptides whose abundance increased specifically in the kinase-active lines. Importantly, we showed that all 5 proteins were phosphorylated in vitro by AtCPK5 in a calcium-dependent manner, suggesting that they are direct targets of AtCPK5. We also detected several interaction patterns between the kinase and the candidates in the cytosol, membranes or nucleus, consistent with the ubiquitous localization of AtCPK5. Finally, we further validated the two phosphosites S245 and S280 targeted by AtCPK5 in the E3 ubiquitin ligase ATL31. Altogether, those results open new perspectives to decipher AtCPK5 biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Yip Delormel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Liliana Avila-Ospina
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Marlène Davanture
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Génétique Quantitative et Évolution (GQE) - Le Moulon, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Michel Zivy
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Génétique Quantitative et Évolution (GQE) - Le Moulon, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Julien Lang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Nicolas Valentin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Naganand Rayapuram
- Center for Desert Agriculture, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Heribert Hirt
- Center for Desert Agriculture, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jean Colcombet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Marie Boudsocq
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
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20
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Plant Dehydrins: Expression, Regulatory Networks, and Protective Roles in Plants Challenged by Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312619. [PMID: 34884426 PMCID: PMC8657568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydrins, also known as Group II late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, are classic intrinsically disordered proteins, which have high hydrophilicity. A wide range of hostile environmental conditions including low temperature, drought, and high salinity stimulate dehydrin expression. Numerous studies have furnished evidence for the protective role played by dehydrins in plants exposed to abiotic stress. Furthermore, dehydrins play important roles in seed maturation and plant stress tolerance. Hence, dehydrins might also protect plasma membranes and proteins and stabilize DNA conformations. In the present review, we discuss the regulatory networks of dehydrin gene expression including the abscisic acid (ABA), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade, and Ca2+ signaling pathways. Crosstalk among these molecules and pathways may form a complex, diverse regulatory network, which may be implicated in regulating the same dehydrin.
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21
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Zhu H, He M, Jahan MS, Wu J, Gu Q, Shu S, Sun J, Guo S. CsCDPK6, a CsSAMS1-Interacting Protein, Affects Polyamine/Ethylene Biosynthesis in Cucumber and Enhances Salt Tolerance by Overexpression in Tobacco. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11133. [PMID: 34681792 PMCID: PMC8538082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (SAMS) plays a crucial role in regulating stress responses. In a recent study, we found that overexpression of the cucumber gene CsSAMS1 in tobacco can affect the production of polyamines and ethylene, as well as enhancing the salt stress tolerance of tobacco, but the exact underlying mechanisms are elusive. The calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) family is ubiquitous in plants and performs different biological functions in plant development and response to abiotic stress. We used a yeast two-hybrid system to detect whether the protein CDPK6 could interact with SAMS1 and verified their interaction by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays. To further explore the function of cucumber CDPK6, we isolated and characterized CsCDPK6 in cucumber. CsCDPK6 is a membrane protein that is highly expressed under various abiotic stresses, including salt stress. It was also observed that ectopic overexpression of CsCDPK6 in tobacco enhanced salt tolerance. Under salt stress, CsCDPK6-overexpressing lines enhanced the survival rate and reduced stomatal apertures in comparison to wild-type (WT) lines, as well as lowering malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents and causing less relative electrolyte leakage. Moreover, repression of CsCDPK6 expression by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in cucumber seedling cotyledons under salt stress increased ethylene production and promoted the transformation from putrescine (Put) to spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm). These findings shed light on the interaction of CsSAMS1 and CsCDPK6, which functions positively to regulate salt stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyuan Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.Z.); (M.S.J.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Meiwen He
- Institute of China Agricultural University Press, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China;
| | - Mohammad Shah Jahan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.Z.); (M.S.J.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.Z.); (M.S.J.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Qinsheng Gu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China;
| | - Sheng Shu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.Z.); (M.S.J.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Jin Sun
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.Z.); (M.S.J.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Shirong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.Z.); (M.S.J.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (J.S.)
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22
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Loranger MEW, Huffaker A, Monaghan J. Truncated variants of Ca 2+-dependent protein kinases: a conserved regulatory mechanism? TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:1002-1005. [PMID: 34391666 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that immune-induced alternative splice variants of the Arabidopsis thaliana Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) AtCPK28 may result in signal attenuation. We put forward the hypothesis that expression of alternative truncated variants may be a broadly conserved regulatory mechanism of CDPKs throughout the green lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alisa Huffaker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, CA, USA
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23
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Bredow M, Bender KW, Johnson Dingee A, Holmes DR, Thomson A, Ciren D, Tanney CAS, Dunning KE, Trujillo M, Huber SC, Monaghan J. Phosphorylation-dependent subfunctionalization of the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2024272118. [PMID: 33941701 PMCID: PMC8126791 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2024272118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs or CPKs) are a unique family of Ca2+ sensor/kinase-effector proteins with diverse functions in plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana, CPK28 contributes to immune homeostasis by promoting degradation of the key immune signaling receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE 1 (BIK1) and additionally functions in vegetative-to-reproductive stage transition. How CPK28 controls these seemingly disparate pathways is unknown. Here, we identify a single phosphorylation site in the kinase domain of CPK28 (Ser318) that is differentially required for its function in immune homeostasis and stem elongation. We show that CPK28 undergoes intermolecular autophosphorylation on Ser318 and can additionally be transphosphorylated on this residue by BIK1. Analysis of several other phosphorylation sites demonstrates that Ser318 phosphorylation is uniquely required to prime CPK28 for Ca2+ activation at physiological concentrations of Ca2+, possibly through stabilization of the Ca2+-bound active state as indicated by intrinsic fluorescence experiments. Together, our data indicate that phosphorylation of Ser318 is required for the activation of CPK28 at low intracellular [Ca2+] to prevent initiation of an immune response in the absence of infection. By comparison, phosphorylation of Ser318 is not required for stem elongation, indicating pathway-specific requirements for phosphorylation-based Ca2+-sensitivity priming. We additionally provide evidence for a conserved function for Ser318 phosphorylation in related group IV CDPKs, which holds promise for biotechnological applications by generating CDPK alleles that enhance resistance to microbial pathogens without consequences to yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bredow
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kyle W Bender
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | | | - Danalyn R Holmes
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Alysha Thomson
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Danielle Ciren
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Cailun A S Tanney
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Katherine E Dunning
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Marco Trujillo
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Steven C Huber
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
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24
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Kon N, Wang HT, Kato YS, Uemoto K, Kawamoto N, Kawasaki K, Enoki R, Kurosawa G, Nakane T, Sugiyama Y, Tagashira H, Endo M, Iwasaki H, Iwamoto T, Kume K, Fukada Y. Na +/Ca 2+ exchanger mediates cold Ca 2+ signaling conserved for temperature-compensated circadian rhythms. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/18/eabe8132. [PMID: 33931447 PMCID: PMC8087402 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe8132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are based on biochemical oscillations generated by clock genes/proteins, which independently evolved in animals, fungi, plants, and cyanobacteria. Temperature compensation of the oscillation speed is a common feature of the circadian clocks, but the evolutionary-conserved mechanism has been unclear. Here, we show that Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) mediates cold-responsive Ca2+ signaling important for the temperature-compensated oscillation in mammalian cells. In response to temperature decrease, NCX elevates intracellular Ca2+, which activates Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and accelerates transcriptional oscillations of clock genes. The cold-responsive Ca2+ signaling is conserved among mice, Drosophila, and Arabidopsis The mammalian cellular rhythms and Drosophila behavioral rhythms were severely attenuated by NCX inhibition, indicating essential roles of NCX in both temperature compensation and autonomous oscillation. NCX also contributes to the temperature-compensated transcriptional rhythms in cyanobacterial clock. Our results suggest that NCX-mediated Ca2+ signaling is a common mechanism underlying temperature-compensated circadian rhythms both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Kon
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hsin-Tzu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki S Kato
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Kyouhei Uemoto
- Graduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Naohiro Kawamoto
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Koji Kawasaki
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Enoki
- Biophotonics Research Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Higashiyama 5-1, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
- Division of Biophotonics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Higashiyama 5-1, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuto Nakane
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sugiyama
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tagashira
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Motomu Endo
- Graduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hideo Iwasaki
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Fukada
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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25
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Yang H, You C, Yang S, Zhang Y, Yang F, Li X, Chen N, Luo Y, Hu X. The Role of Calcium/Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases Signal Pathway in Pollen Tube Growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:633293. [PMID: 33767718 PMCID: PMC7985351 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.633293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Pollen tube (PT) growth as a key step for successful fertilization is essential for angiosperm survival and especially vital for grain yield in cereals. The process of PT growth is regulated by many complex and delicate signaling pathways. Among them, the calcium/calcium-dependent protein kinases (Ca2+/CPKs) signal pathway has become one research focus, as Ca2+ ion is a well-known essential signal molecule for PT growth, which can be instantly sensed and transduced by CPKs to control myriad biological processes. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in understanding the Ca2+/CPKs signal pathway governing PT growth. We also discuss how this pathway regulates PT growth and how reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cyclic nucleotide are integrated by Ca2+ signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen You
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shaoyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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26
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Yang YY, Zheng PF, Ren YR, Yao YX, You CX, Wang XF, Hao YJ. Apple MdSAT1 encodes a bHLHm1 transcription factor involved in salinity and drought responses. PLANTA 2021; 253:46. [PMID: 33484359 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03528-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study identified a new bHLHm1 transcription factor MdSAT1 which functioned in mediating tolerance to salt and drought resistance. Changes in the expression of stress-related genes play crucial roles in response to environmental stress. Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are the largest superfamily of transcription factors and a large number of bHLH proteins function in plant responses to abiotic stresses. We identified a new bHLHm1 transcription factor from apple and named it MdSAT1. β-Glucuronidase (GUS) staining showed that MdSAT1 expressed in various tissues with highly expressed in leaves. Promoter analysis revealed that MdSAT1 contained multiple response elements and its transcription was induced by several environmental cues, particularly salt and drought stresses. Overexpression of MdSAT1 in apple calli and Arabidopsis resulted in a phenotype of increased tolerance to salt and drought. Altering abscisic acid (ABA) treatment increased the sensitivity of MdSAT1-OE Arabidopsis to ABA, and heavy metal stress, osmotic stress, and ethylene did not participate in MdSAT1 mediated plant development. These findings reveal the abiotic stress functions of MdSAT1 and pave the way for further functional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yi-Ran Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Xin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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27
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Wu Y, Zhang L, Zhou J, Zhang X, Feng Z, Wei F, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Feng H, Zhu H. Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase GhCDPK28 Was Dentified and Involved in Verticillium Wilt Resistance in Cotton. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:772649. [PMID: 34975954 PMCID: PMC8715758 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.772649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne fungus that causes vascular wilt through the roots of plants. Verticillium wilt caused by V. dahliae is one of the main diseases in cotton producing areas of the world, resulting in huge economic losses. Breeding resistant varieties is the most economical and effective method to control Verticillium wilt. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play a pivotal role in plant innate immunity, including regulation of oxidative burst, gene expression as well as hormone signal transduction. However, the function of cotton CDPKs in response to V. dahliae stress remains unexplored. In this study, 96, 44 and 57 CDPKs were identified from Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium raimondii and Gossypium arboretum, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these CDPKs could be divided into four branches. All GhCDPKs of the same clade are generally similar in gene structure and conserved domain arrangement. Cis-acting elements related to hormones, stress response, cell cycle and development were predicted in the promoter region. The expression of GhCDPKs could be regulated by various stresses. Gh_D11G188500.1 and Gh_A11G186100.1 was up-regulated under Vd0738 and Vd991 stress. Further phosphoproteomics analysis showed that Gh_A11G186100.1 (named as GhCDPK28-6) was phosphorylated under the stress of V. dahliae. Knockdown of GhCDPK28-6 expression, the content of reactive oxygen species was increased, a series of defense responses were enhanced, and the sensitivity of cotton to V. dahliae was reduced. Moreover, overexpression of GhCDPK28-6 in Arabidopsis thaliana weakened the resistance of plants to this pathogen. Subcellular localization revealed that GhCDPK28-6 was localized in the cell membrane. We also found that GhPBL9 and GhRPL12C may interact with GhCDPK28-6. These results indicate that GhCDPK28-6 is a potential molecular target for improving resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton. This lays a foundation for breeding disease-resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Wu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
| | - Jinglong Zhou
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zili Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
| | - Hongjie Feng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
- *Correspondence: Hongjie Feng,
| | - Heqin Zhu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
- Heqin Zhu,
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28
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Fang S, Hou X, Liang X. Response Mechanisms of Plants Under Saline-Alkali Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:667458. [PMID: 34149764 PMCID: PMC8213028 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.667458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
As two coexisting abiotic stresses, salt stress and alkali stress have severely restricted the development of global agriculture. Clarifying the plant resistance mechanism and determining how to improve plant tolerance to salt stress and alkali stress have been popular research topics. At present, most related studies have focused mainly on salt stress, and salt-alkali mixed stress studies are relatively scarce. However, in nature, high concentrations of salt and high pH often occur simultaneously, and their synergistic effects can be more harmful to plant growth and development than the effects of either stress alone. Therefore, it is of great practical importance for the sustainable development of agriculture to study plant resistance mechanisms under saline-alkali mixed stress, screen new saline-alkali stress tolerance genes, and explore new plant salt-alkali tolerance strategies. Herein, we summarized how plants actively respond to saline-alkali stress through morphological adaptation, physiological adaptation and molecular regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Fang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- *Correspondence: Shumei Fang,
| | - Xue Hou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xilong Liang
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Heilongjiang Plant Growth Regulator Engineering Technology Research Center, Daqing, China
- Xilong Liang,
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Eichstädt B, Lederer S, Trempel F, Jiang X, Guerra T, Waadt R, Lee J, Liese A, Romeis T. Plant Immune Memory in Systemic Tissue Does Not Involve Changes in Rapid Calcium Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:798230. [PMID: 34970294 PMCID: PMC8712724 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.798230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Upon pathogen recognition, a transient rise in cytoplasmic calcium levels is one of the earliest events in plants and a prerequisite for defense initiation and signal propagation from a local site to systemic plant tissues. However, it is unclear if calcium signaling differs in the context of priming: Do plants exposed to a first pathogen stimulus and have consequently established systemic acquired resistance (SAR) display altered calcium responses to a second pathogen stimulus? Several calcium indicator systems including aequorin, YC3.6 or R-GECO1 have been used to document local calcium responses to the bacterial flg22 peptide but systemic calcium imaging within a single plant remains a technical challenge. Here, we report on an experimental approach to monitor flg22-induced calcium responses in systemic leaves of primed plants. The calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK5 is a key calcium sensor and regulator of the NADPH oxidase RBOHD and plays a role in the systemic calcium-ROS signal propagation. We therefore compared flg22-induced cytoplasmic calcium changes in Arabidopsis wild-type, cpk5 mutant and CPK5-overexpressing plants (exhibiting constitutive priming) by introgressing the calcium indicator R-GECO1-mTurquoise that allows internal normalization through mTurquoise fluorescence. Aequorin-based analyses were included for comparison. Based on the R-GECO1-mTurquoise data, CPK5-OE appears to reinforce an "oscillatory-like" Ca2+ signature in flg22-treated local tissues. However, no change was observed in the flg22-induced calcium response in the systemic tissues of plants that had been pre-challenged by a priming stimulus - neither in wild-type nor in cpk5 or CPK5-OE-lines. These data indicate that the mechanistic manifestation of a plant immune memory in distal plant parts required for enhanced pathogen resistance does not include changes in rapid calcium signaling upstream of CPK5 but rather relies on downstream defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Lederer
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Fabian Trempel
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Xiyuan Jiang
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tiziana Guerra
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Rainer Waadt
- Entwicklungsbiologie der Pflanzen, Centre for Organismal Studies, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Justin Lee
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anja Liese
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tina Romeis
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
- *Correspondence: Tina Romeis,
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Dong H, Wu C, Luo C, Wei M, Qu S, Wang S. Overexpression of MdCPK1a gene, a calcium dependent protein kinase in apple, increase tobacco cold tolerance via scavenging ROS accumulation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242139. [PMID: 33211731 PMCID: PMC7676694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important calcium receptors, which play a crucial part in the process of sensing and decoding intracellular calcium signals during plant development and adaptation to various environmental stresses. In this study, a CDPK gene MdCPK1a, was isolated from apple (Malus×domestica) which contains 1701bp nucleotide and encodes a protein of 566 amino acid residues, and contains the conserved domain of CDPKs. The transient expression and western blot experiment showed that MdCPK1a protein was localized in the nucleus and cell plasma membrane. Ectopic expression of MdCPK1a in Nicotiana benthamiana increased the resistance of the tobacco plants to salt and cold stresses. The mechanism of MdCPK1a regulating cold resistance was further investigated. The overexpressed MdCPK1a tobacco plants had higher survival rates and longer root length than wild type (WT) plants under cold stress, and the electrolyte leakages (EL), the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were lower, and accordingly, antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were higher, suggesting the transgenic plants suffered less chilling injury than WT plants. Moreover, the transcript levels of ROS-scavenging and stress-related genes were higher in the transgenic plants than those in WT plants whether under normal conditions or cold stress. The above results suggest that the improvement of cold tolerance in MdCPK1a-overexpressed plants was due to scavenging ROS accumulation and modulating the expression of stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dong
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Wu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changguo Luo
- Guizhou Fruit Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Menghan Wei
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenchun Qu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sanhong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Kowalik P, Lipa T, Michałojć Z, Chwil M. Ultrastructure of Cells and Microanalysis in Malus domestica Borkh. 'Szampion' Fruit in Relation to Varied Calcium Foliar Feeding. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204622. [PMID: 33050647 PMCID: PMC7587194 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium is one of the most poorly reutilized nutrients. Its deficiencies cause various physiological disturbances and, consequently, reduce the quantity and quality of yields. Reduced content of Ca2+ ions in cells leads to development of, e.g., bitter pit in apples. Efficient and instantaneous mitigation of Ca2+ deficiencies is provided by foliar feeding. There are no detailed data on the effect of foliar feeding with various calcium forms on the cell structure or on the microanalysis and mapping of this element in apple fruit cells. Therefore, we carried out comparative studies of the ultrastructure of epidermis and hypodermis cells, to assess the content and distribution of calcium in the cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, cytoplasm, and precipitates of Malus domestica Borkh. 'Szampion' fruit exposed to four Ca treatments, including the control with no additional Ca supplementation (I) and foliar applications of Ca(NO3)2 (II), CaCl2 (III), and Ca chelated with EDTA (IV). Light and transmission electron microscopy and an X-ray microanalyzer were used and showed a beneficial effect of calcium preparations on the ultrastructure of fruit epidermis and hypodermis cells, manifested in the presence of a normally developed cell wall with a regular middle lamella, preserved continuity of cytoplasmic membranes, and stabilized cell structure. In the selected elements of apical epidermis cells, the highest level of Ca2+ ions was detected in the middle lamella, cell wall, plasmalemma, and cytoplasm. The highest increase in the Ca2+ content in these cell constituents was recorded in treatment IV, whereas the lowest value of the parameters was noted in variant III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kowalik
- Institute of Horticulture Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (P.K.); (T.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Tomasz Lipa
- Institute of Horticulture Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (P.K.); (T.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zenia Michałojć
- Institute of Horticulture Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (P.K.); (T.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Mirosława Chwil
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Li GZ, Li HX, Xu MJ, Wang PF, Xiao XH, Kang GZ. Functional characterization and regulatory mechanism of wheat CPK34 kinase in response to drought stress. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:577. [PMID: 32831009 PMCID: PMC7444251 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought is one of the most adverse environmental factors limiting crop productions and it is important to identify key genetic determinants for food safety. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) are known to be involved in plant growth, development, and environmental stresses. However, biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of many plant CPKs have not been explored. In our previous study, abundance of the wheat CPK34 (TaCPK34) protein was remarkably upregulated in wheat plants suffering from drought stress, inferring that it could be involved in this stress. Therefore, here we further detected its function and mechanism in response to drought stress. RESULTS Transcripts of the TaCPK34 gene were significantly induced after PEG-stimulated water deficiency (20% PEG6000) or 100 μM abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. The TaCPK34 gene was transiently silenced in wheat genome by using barley stripe mosaic virus-induced silencing (BSMV-VIGS) method. After 14 days of drought stress, the transiently TaCPK34-silenced wheat seedlings showed more sensitivity compared with control, and the plant biomasses and relative water contents significantly decreased, whereas soluble sugar and MDA contents increased. The iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics was employed to measure the protein expression profiles in leaves of the transiently TaCPK34-silenced wheat plants after drought stress. There were 6103 proteins identified, of these, 51 proteins exhibited significantly altered abundance, they were involved in diverse function. And sequence analysis on the promoters of genes, which encoded the above identified proteins, indicated that some promoters harbored some ABA-responsive elements. We determined the interactions between TaCPK34 and three identified proteins by using bimolecular fluorescent complementation (BiFC) method and our data indicated that TaCPK34directly interacted with the glutathione S-transferase 1 and prx113, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that the TaCPK34 gene played positive roles in wheat response to drought stress through directly or indirectly regulating the expression of ABA-dependent manner genes, which were encoding identified proteins from iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics. And it could be used as one potential gene to develop crop cultivars with improved drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge-Zi Li
- National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, #15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Xiao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, #15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Jun Xu
- National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, #15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Wang
- National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, #15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Hong Xiao
- National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, #15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Zhang Kang
- National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, #15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan Province, People's Republic of China. .,National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, #15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Dressano K, Weckwerth PR, Poretsky E, Takahashi Y, Villarreal C, Shen Z, Schroeder JI, Briggs SP, Huffaker A. Dynamic regulation of Pep-induced immunity through post-translational control of defence transcript splicing. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:1008-1019. [PMID: 32690890 PMCID: PMC7482133 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0724-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The survival of all living organisms requires the ability to detect attacks and swiftly counter them with protective immune responses. Despite considerable mechanistic advances, the interconnectivity of signalling modules often remains unclear. A newly characterized protein, IMMUNOREGULATORY RNA-BINDING PROTEIN (IRR), negatively regulates immune responses in both maize and Arabidopsis, with disrupted function resulting in enhanced disease resistance. IRR associates with and promotes canonical splicing of transcripts encoding defence signalling proteins, including the key negative regulator of pattern-recognition receptor signalling complexes, CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE 28 (CPK28). On immune activation by Plant Elicitor Peptides (Peps), IRR is dephosphorylated, disrupting interaction with CPK28 transcripts and resulting in the accumulation of an alternative splice variant encoding a truncated CPK28 protein with impaired kinase activity and diminished function as a negative regulator. We demonstrate a new mechanism linking Pep-induced post-translational modification of IRR with post-transcriptionally mediated attenuation of CPK28 function to dynamically amplify Pep signalling and immune output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keini Dressano
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Elly Poretsky
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yohei Takahashi
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carleen Villarreal
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zhouxin Shen
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Julian I Schroeder
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Steven P Briggs
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alisa Huffaker
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Genome-wide identification, and characterization of the CDPK gene family reveal their involvement in abiotic stress response in Fragaria x ananassa. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11040. [PMID: 32632235 PMCID: PMC7338424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67957-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are encoded by a large gene family and play important roles against biotic and abiotic stresses and in plant growth and development. To date, little is known about the CDPK genes in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa). In this study, analysis of Fragaria x ananassa CDPK gene family was performed, including gene structures, phylogeny, interactome and expression profiles. Nine new CDPK genes in Fragaria x ananassa were identified based on RNA-seq data. These identified strawberry FaCDPK genes were classified into four main groups, based on the phylogenetic analysis and structural features. FaCDPK genes were differentially expressed during fruit development and ripening, as well as in response to abiotic stress (salt and drought), and hormone (abscisic acid) treatment. In addition, the interaction network analysis pointed out proteins involved in the ABA-dependent response to plant stress via Ca2+ signaling, especially RBOHs. To our knowledge, this is the first report on CDPK families in Fragaria x ananassa, and it will provide valuable information for development of biofortified fruits and stress tolerant plants.
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Zhang L, Xie J, Wang L, Si L, Zheng S, Yang Y, Yang H, Tian S. Wheat TabZIP8, 9, 13 participate in ABA biosynthesis in NaCl-stressed roots regulated by TaCDPK9-1. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 151:650-658. [PMID: 32339912 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In plants, basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs) participate in various biological processes such as development and stress responses. But the molecular mechanism of wheat bZIP TFs modulating abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated the expressions of three bZIP TF genes TabZIP8, 9, 13, were regulated by Triticum aestivum calcium (Ca2+)-dependent protein kinase 9-1 (TaCDPK9-1) and they took part in ABA biosynthesis in wheat roots under salt stress. We first isolated TabZIP8, 9, 13 and TaCDPK9-1 from wheat. TabZIP8, 9, 13 genes transcripts were strongly induced by salt stress, but salt-induced TabZIP8, 9, 13 transcriptions were drastically impaired by Ca2+ channel blocker LaCl3. TaCDPK9-1 kinase could interact with TabZIP8, 9, 13 TFs through yeast two-hybrid assay. Next, the expression levels of salt-induced wheat 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase1, 2 (TaNCED1,2) encoding a key enzyme controlling ABA production and salt-induced ABA content were found to be decreased under LaCl3 treatment, and yeast one-hybrid experiment revealed TabZIP8, 9, 13 could bind to the ABA-responsive elements (ABREs) and the promoter sequence of TaNCED2 gene. Together, our results suggest that salt stress-induced ABA accumulation is mediated by TabZIP8, 9, 13, which are adjusted by TaCDPK9-1 in wheat roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhang
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Jiaqi Xie
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Liting Wang
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lianbang Si
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shen Zheng
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yingli Yang
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shengguo Tian
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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Wen F, Ye F, Xiao Z, Liao L, Li T, Jia M, Liu X, Wu X. Genome-wide survey and expression analysis of calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) in grass Brachypodium distachyon. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:53. [PMID: 31948407 PMCID: PMC6966850 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ca2+ played as a ubiquitous secondary messenger involved in plant growth, development, and responses to various environmental stimuli. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPK) were important Ca2+ sensors, which could directly translate Ca2+ signals into downstream phosphorylation signals. Considering the importance of CDPKs as Ca2+ effectors for regulation of plant stress tolerance and few studies on Brachypodium distachyon were available, it was of interest for us to isolate CDPKs from B. distachyon. RESULTS A systemic analysis of 30 CDPK family genes in B. distachyon was performed. Results showed that all BdCDPK family members contained conserved catalytic Ser/Thr protein kinase domain, autoinhibitory domain, and EF-hand domain, and a variable N-terminal domain, could be divided into four subgroup (I-IV), based upon sequence homology. Most BdCDPKs had four EF-hands, in which EF2 and EF4 revealed high variability and strong divergence from EF-hand in AtCDPKs. Synteny results indicated that large number of syntenic relationship events existed between rice and B. distachyon, implying their high conservation. Expression profiles indicated that most of BdCDPK genes were involved in phytohormones signal transduction pathways and regulated physiological process in responding to multiple environmental stresses. Moreover, the co-expression network implied that BdCDPKs might be both the activator and the repressor involved in WRKY transcription factors or MAPK cascade genes mediated stress response processes, base on their complex regulatory network. CONCLUSIONS BdCDPKs might play multiple function in WRKY or MAPK mediated abiotic stresses response and phytohormone signaling transduction in B. distachyon. Our genomics analysis of BdCDPKs could provide fundamental information for further investigation the functions of CDPKs in integrating Ca2+ signalling pathways in response to environments stresses in B. distachyon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wen
- School of Pharmacy and Life Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China.
| | - Feng Ye
- School of Pharmacy and Life Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Zhulong Xiao
- School of Pharmacy and Life Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Liang Liao
- School of Pharmacy and Life Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Tongjian Li
- School of Pharmacy and Life Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Mingliang Jia
- School of Pharmacy and Life Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Xinsheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Life Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Xiaozhu Wu
- School of Pharmacy and Life Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China.
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Guerra T, Schilling S, Hake K, Gorzolka K, Sylvester FP, Conrads B, Westermann B, Romeis T. Calcium-dependent protein kinase 5 links calcium signaling with N-hydroxy-l-pipecolic acid- and SARD1-dependent immune memory in systemic acquired resistance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:310-325. [PMID: 31469917 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) prepares infected plants for faster and stronger defense activation upon subsequent attacks. SAR requires an information relay from primary infection to distal tissue and the initiation and maintenance of a self-maintaining phytohormone salicylic acid (SA)-defense loop. In spatial and temporal resolution, we show that calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK5 contributes to immunity and SAR. In local basal resistance, CPK5 functions upstream of SA synthesis, perception, and signaling. In systemic tissue, CPK5 signaling leads to accumulation of SAR-inducing metabolite N-hydroxy-L-pipecolic acid (NHP) and SAR marker genes, including Systemic Acquired Resistance Deficient 1 (SARD1) Plants of increased CPK5, but not CPK6, signaling display an 'enhanced SAR' phenotype towards a secondary bacterial infection. In the sard1-1 background, CPK5-mediated basal resistance is still mounted, but NHP concentration is reduced and enhanced SAR is lost. The biochemical analysis estimated CPK5 half maximal kinase activity for calcium, K50 [Ca2+ ], to be c. 100 nM, close to the cytoplasmic resting level. This low threshold uniquely qualifies CPK5 to decode subtle changes in calcium, a prerequisite to signal relay and onset and maintenance of priming at later time points in distal tissue. Our data explain why CPK5 functions as a hub in basal and systemic plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Guerra
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Silke Schilling
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Katharina Hake
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Karin Gorzolka
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Fabian-Philipp Sylvester
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Benjamin Conrads
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | | | - Tina Romeis
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
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Kumar M, Kesawat MS, Ali A, Lee SC, Gill SS, Kim HU. Integration of Abscisic Acid Signaling with Other Signaling Pathways in Plant Stress Responses and Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E592. [PMID: 31835863 PMCID: PMC6963649 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Plants are immobile and, to overcome harsh environmental conditions such as drought, salt, and cold, they have evolved complex signaling pathways. Abscisic acid (ABA), an isoprenoid phytohormone, is a critical signaling mediator that regulates diverse biological processes in various organisms. Significant progress has been made in the determination and characterization of key ABA-mediated molecular factors involved in different stress responses, including stomatal closure and developmental processes, such as seed germination and bud dormancy. Since ABA signaling is a complex signaling network that integrates with other signaling pathways, the dissection of its intricate regulatory network is necessary to understand the function of essential regulatory genes involved in ABA signaling. In the present review, we focus on two aspects of ABA signaling. First, we examine the perception of the stress signal (abiotic and biotic) and the response network of ABA signaling components that transduce the signal to the downstream pathway to respond to stress tolerance, regulation of stomata, and ABA signaling component ubiquitination. Second, ABA signaling in plant development processes, such as lateral root growth regulation, seed germination, and flowering time regulation is investigated. Examining such diverse signal integration dynamics could enhance our understanding of the underlying genetic, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of ABA signaling networks in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Kumar
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | | | - Asjad Ali
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, East Lismore NSW 2480, Australia;
| | | | - Sarvajeet Singh Gill
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Biotechnology, MD University, Rohtak 124001, India;
| | - Hyun Uk Kim
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
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Atif RM, Shahid L, Waqas M, Ali B, Rashid MAR, Azeem F, Nawaz MA, Wani SH, Chung G. Insights on Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases (CPKs) Signaling for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5298. [PMID: 31653073 PMCID: PMC6862689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses are the major limiting factors influencing the growth and productivity of plants species. To combat these stresses, plants can modify numerous physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes through cellular and subcellular signaling pathways. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs or CPKs) are the unique and key calcium-binding proteins, which act as a sensor for the increase and decrease in the calcium (Ca) concentrations. These Ca flux signals are decrypted and interpreted into the phosphorylation events, which are crucial for signal transduction processes. Several functional and expression studies of different CPKs and their encoding genes validated their versatile role for abiotic stress tolerance in plants. CPKs are indispensable for modulating abiotic stress tolerance through activation and regulation of several genes, transcription factors, enzymes, and ion channels. CPKs have been involved in supporting plant adaptation under drought, salinity, and heat and cold stress environments. Diverse functions of plant CPKs have been reported against various abiotic stresses in numerous research studies. In this review, we have described the evaluated functions of plant CPKs against various abiotic stresses and their role in stress response signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Muhammad Atif
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Luqman Shahid
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Babar Ali
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Abdul Rehman Rashid
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
- Industrial Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China.
| | - Farrukh Azeem
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Amjad Nawaz
- Education Scientific Center of Nanotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Shabir Hussain Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar 190001, India.
| | - Gyuhwa Chung
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Chonnam 59626, Korea.
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Yip Delormel T, Boudsocq M. Properties and functions of calcium-dependent protein kinases and their relatives in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 224:585-604. [PMID: 31369160 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is a ubiquitous second messenger that mediates plant responses to developmental and environmental cues. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are key actors of plant signaling that convey calcium signals into physiological responses by phosphorylating various substrates including ion channels, transcription factors and metabolic enzymes. This large diversity of targets confers pivotal roles of CDPKs in shoot and root development, pollen tube growth, stomatal movements, hormonal signaling, transcriptional reprogramming and stress tolerance. On the one hand, specificity in CDPK signaling is achieved by differential calcium sensitivities, expression patterns, subcellular localizations and substrates. On the other hand, CDPKs also target some common substrates to ensure key cellular processes indispensable for plant growth and survival in adverse environmental conditions. In addition, the CDPK-related protein kinases (CRKs) might be closer to some CDPKs than previously anticipated and could contribute to calcium signaling despite their inability to bind calcium. This review highlights the regulatory properties of Arabidopsis CDPKs and CRKs that coordinate their multifaceted functions in development, immunity and abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Yip Delormel
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie Boudsocq
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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41
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Wen K, Chen Y, Zhou X, Chang S, Feng H, Zhang J, Chu Z, Han X, Li J, Liu J, Xi C, Zhao H, Han S, Wang Y. OsCPK21 is required for pollen late-stage development in rice. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 240:153000. [PMID: 31220626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.153000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In flowering plants, pollen development is a critical step for reproductive success and necessarily involves complex genetic regulatory networks. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) are plant-specific calcium sensors involved in the regulation of plant development and adaption to the environment; however, whether they play a role in regulating male reproduction remains elusive. Here, we found that the knockdown of spikelet-specific OsCPK21 causes pollen abortion in OsCPK21-RNAi transgenic plants. Severe defects in pollen development initiated at stage 10 of anther development and simultaneous cell death occurred in the pollen cells of OsCPK21-RNAi plants. Microarray analysis and qRT-PCR revealed that the transcription of OsCPK21 is coordinated with that of MIKC*-type MADS box transcription factors OsMADS62, OsMADS63, and OsMADS68 during rice anther development. We further showed that OsCPK21 indirectly up-regulates the transcription of OsMADS62, OsMADS63, and OsMADS68 through the potential MYB binding site, DRE/CRT element, and/or new ERF binding motif localised in the promoter region of these three MADS genes. These findings suggest that OsCPK21 plays an essential role in pollengenesis, possibly via indirectly regulating the transcription of MIKC*-type MADS box proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Yixing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Xiaojin Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Department of Crop Genomic & Genetic Improvement, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Shu Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Hao Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Zhilin Chu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Xiaogang Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Jin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Chao Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Heping Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Shengcheng Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Yingdian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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Pan G, Zhang H, Chen B, Gao S, Yang B, Jiang YQ. Rapeseed calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK6L modulates reactive oxygen species and cell death through interacting and phosphorylating RBOHD. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:719-725. [PMID: 31472966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in plant growth, development, responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Hypersensitive response (HR)-like cell death is often associated with excess ROS. However, how a calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) modulates this process remains elusive in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). In the present study, we identified and characterized CPK6L from rapeseed as a novel regulator of ROS and cell death. The subcellular localization of BnaCPK6L was investigated through GFP and was found to be located at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Overexpression of the constitutively active BnaCPK6LCA resulted in significant accumulation of ROS and HR-like cell death than the full-length. A quantitative RT-PCR survey identified that the expression levels of a few ROS, cell death and defense-related marker genes were up-regulated upon BnaCPK6LCA expression. Mating-based split ubiquitin system (mbSUS) screening revealed that BnaCPK6L interacted with BnaRBOHD (Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog D), which was validated by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). An in vitro phosphorylation assay indicated that BnaCPK6L phosphorylated BnaRBOHD. Lastly, we also found that three 2C type protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) interacted with BnaCPK6L. Taken together, this study indicates that BnaCPK6L plays an important role in ROS and HR-like cell death through interacting with and phosphorylating RBOHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hanfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bingyou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shidong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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43
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Villalobo A, González-Muñoz M, Berchtold MW. Proteins with calmodulin-like domains: structures and functional roles. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2299-2328. [PMID: 30877334 PMCID: PMC11105222 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03062-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The appearance of modular proteins is a widespread phenomenon during the evolution of proteins. The combinatorial arrangement of different functional and/or structural domains within a single polypeptide chain yields a wide variety of activities and regulatory properties to the modular proteins. In this review, we will discuss proteins, that in addition to their catalytic, transport, structure, localization or adaptor functions, also have segments resembling the helix-loop-helix EF-hand motifs found in Ca2+-binding proteins, such as calmodulin (CaM). These segments are denoted CaM-like domains (CaM-LDs) and play a regulatory role, making these CaM-like proteins sensitive to Ca2+ transients within the cell, and hence are able to transduce the Ca2+ signal leading to specific cellular responses. Importantly, this arrangement allows to this group of proteins direct regulation independent of other Ca2+-sensitive sensor/transducer proteins, such as CaM. In addition, this review also covers CaM-binding proteins, in which their CaM-binding site (CBS), in the absence of CaM, is proposed to interact with other segments of the same protein denoted CaM-like binding site (CLBS). CLBS are important regulatory motifs, acting either by keeping these CaM-binding proteins inactive in the absence of CaM, enhancing the stability of protein complexes and/or facilitating their dimerization via CBS/CLBS interaction. The existence of proteins containing CaM-LDs or CLBSs substantially adds to the enormous versatility and complexity of Ca2+/CaM signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Villalobo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Edificio IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María González-Muñoz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin W Berchtold
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 13 Universitetsparken, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Priya M, Dhanker OP, Siddique KHM, HanumanthaRao B, Nair RM, Pandey S, Singh S, Varshney RK, Prasad PVV, Nayyar H. Drought and heat stress-related proteins: an update about their functional relevance in imparting stress tolerance in agricultural crops. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:1607-1638. [PMID: 30941464 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We describe here the recent developments about the involvement of diverse stress-related proteins in sensing, signaling, and defending the cells in plants in response to drought or/and heat stress. In the current era of global climate drift, plant growth and productivity are often limited by various environmental stresses, especially drought and heat. Adaptation to abiotic stress is a multigenic process involving maintenance of homeostasis for proper survival under adverse environment. It has been widely observed that a series of proteins respond to heat and drought conditions at both transcriptional and translational levels. The proteins are involved in various signaling events, act as key transcriptional activators and saviors of plants under extreme environments. A detailed insight about the functional aspects of diverse stress-responsive proteins may assist in unraveling various stress resilience mechanisms in plants. Furthermore, by identifying the metabolic proteins associated with drought and heat tolerance, tolerant varieties can be produced through transgenic/recombinant technologies. A large number of regulatory and functional stress-associated proteins are reported to participate in response to heat and drought stresses, such as protein kinases, phosphatases, transcription factors, and late embryogenesis abundant proteins, dehydrins, osmotins, and heat shock proteins, which may be similar or unique to stress treatments. Few studies have revealed that cellular response to combined drought and heat stresses is distinctive, compared to their individual treatments. In this review, we would mainly focus on the new developments about various stress sensors and receptors, transcription factors, chaperones, and stress-associated proteins involved in drought or/and heat stresses, and their possible role in augmenting stress tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Priya
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Om P Dhanker
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Sarita Pandey
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - Sadhana Singh
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - P V Vara Prasad
- Sustainable Intensification Innovation Lab, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Harsh Nayyar
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Ning M, Jiang F, Tang F, Zhang Q, Zhao X, Song W, Shan C. Induction of calcium-dependent protein kinase activity and HmCDPK1 expression in the early response of Hami melons to Penicillium infection. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1620632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ning
- Research Center of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Department of Grape and Wine Engineering, Food College, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Fuyao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Fengxian Tang
- Research Center of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Department of Grape and Wine Engineering, Food College, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Research Center of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Department of Grape and Wine Engineering, Food College, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Research Center of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Department of Grape and Wine Engineering, Food College, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Wen Song
- Research Center of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Department of Grape and Wine Engineering, Food College, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Chunhui Shan
- Research Center of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Department of Grape and Wine Engineering, Food College, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, PR China
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Wei C, Zhang R, Yang X, Zhu C, Li H, Zhang Y, Ma J, Yang J, Zhang X. Comparative Analysis of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase in Cucurbitaceae and Expression Studies in Watermelon. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102527. [PMID: 31126008 PMCID: PMC6566760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and CDPK-related kinases (CRKs) play numerous roles in plant growth, development, and stress response. Despite genome-wide identification of both families in Cucumis, comparative evolutionary and functional analysis of both CDPKs and CRKs in Cucurbitaceae remain unclear. In this study, we identified 128 CDPK and 56 CRK genes in total in six Cucurbitaceae species (C. lanatus, C. sativus, C. moschata, C. maxima, C. pepo, and L. siceraria). Dot plot analysis indicated that self-duplication of conserved domains contributed to the structural variations of two CDPKs (CpCDPK19 and CpCDPK27) in C. pepo. Using watermelon genome as reference, an integrated map containing 25 loci (16 CDPK and nine CRK loci) was obtained, 16 of which (12 CDPK and four CRK) were shared by all seven Cucurbitaceae species. Combined with exon-intron organizations, topological analyses indicated an ancient origination of groups CDPK IV and CRK. Moreover, the evolutionary scenario of seven modern Cucurbitaceae species could also be reflected on the phylogenetic trees. Expression patterns of ClCDPKs and ClCRKs were studied under different abiotic stresses. Some valuable genes were uncovered for future gene function exploration. For instance, both ClCDPK6 and its ortholog CsCDPK14 in cucumber could be induced by salinity, while ClCDPK6 and ClCDPK16, as well as their orthologs in Cucumis, maintained high expression levels in male flowers. Collectively, these results provide insights into the evolutionary history of two gene families in Cucurbitaceae, and indicate a subset of candidate genes for functional characterizations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Ruimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Chunyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Jianxiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Jianqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Dubrovina AS, Kiselev KV. The Role of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase Genes VaCPK1 and VaCPK26 in the Response of Vitis amurensis (in vitro) and Arabidopsis thaliana (in vivo) to Abiotic Stresses. RUSS J GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795419030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hake K, Romeis T. Protein kinase-mediated signalling in priming: Immune signal initiation, propagation, and establishment of long-term pathogen resistance in plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:904-917. [PMID: 30151921 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
"Priming" in plant phytopathology describes a phenomenon where the "experience" of primary infection by microbial pathogens leads to enhanced and beneficial protection of the plant against secondary infection. The plant is able to establish an immune memory, a state of systemic acquired resistance (SAR), in which the information of "having been attacked" is integrated with the action of "being prepared to defend when it happens again." Accordingly, primed plants are often characterized by faster and stronger activation of immune reactions that ultimately result in a reduction of pathogen spread and growth. Prerequisites for SAR are (a) the initiation of immune signalling subsequent to pathogen recognition, (b) a rapid defence signal propagation from a primary infected local site to uninfected distal parts of the plant, and (c) a switch into an immune signal-dependent establishment and subsequent long-lasting maintenance of phytohormone salicylic acid-based systemic immunity. Here, we provide a summary on protein kinases that contribute to these three conceptual aspects of "priming" in plant phytopathology, complemented by data addressing the role of protein kinases crucial for immune signal initiation also for signal propagation and SAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hake
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tina Romeis
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Li Y, Fei X, Dai H, Li J, Zhu W, Deng X. Genome-Wide Identification of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Functional Analyses in Nitrogen Deficiency-Induced Oil Accumulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1147. [PMID: 31695707 PMCID: PMC6818280 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are recognized as important calcium (Ca2+) sensors in signal transduction and play multiple roles in plant growth and developmental processes, as well as in response to various environmental stresses. However, little information is available about the CDPK family in the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In this study, 15 CrCDPK genes were identified in C. reinhardtii genome, and their functions in nitrogen (N) deficiency-induced oil accumulation were analyzed. Our results showed that all CrCDPK proteins harbored the typical elongation factor (EF)-hand Ca2+-binding and protein kinase domains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these CrCDPKs were clustered into one group together with a subclade of several CPKs from Arabidopsis and rice, clearly separating from the remaining AtCPKs and OsCPKs. These genes were located in 10 chromosomes and one scaffold of C. reinhardtii and contained 6-17 exons. RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR assays indicated that most of these CrCDPKs were significantly induced by N deficiency and salt stress. Lanthanum chloride (LaCl3), a plasma membrane Ca2+ channel blocker, limited oil accumulation in C. reinhardtii under N-deficient conditions, suggesting that Ca2+ was involved in N deficiency-induced oil accumulation. Furthermore, RNA interference (RNAi) silencing analyses demonstrated that six CrCDPKs played positive roles and three CrCDPKs played negative roles in N deficiency-induced oil accumulation in C. reinhardtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaowen Fei
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Haofu Dai
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jiangyue Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Weiju Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaodong Deng
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaodong Deng,
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Jarad M, Mariappan K, Almeida-Trapp M, Mette MF, Mithöfer A, Rayapuram N, Hirt H. The Lamin-Like LITTLE NUCLEI 1 (LINC1) Regulates Pattern-Triggered Immunity and Jasmonic Acid Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1639. [PMID: 31998332 PMCID: PMC6963418 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) recognition occurs by plasma membrane located receptors that induce among other processes nuclear gene expression. However, signaling to the nuclear compartment is restricted by the nuclear envelope and nuclear pore complexes. We show here that among the four Arabidopsis lamin homologs LITTLE NUCLEI/CROWDED NUCLEI (LINC/CRWN), LINC1 plays an important role in PTI and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling. We show that linc1 knock out mutants affect PAMP-triggered MAPK activation and growth inhibition, but not reactive oxygen species or callose accumulation. We also demonstrate that linc1 mutants are compromised in regulating PAMP-triggered pathogen-related genes, in particular encoding factors involved in JA signaling and responses. Expression of a number of JAZ domain proteins, the key JA-related transcription factor MYC2 as well as key MYB transcription factors and biosynthesis genes of both the indole and aliphatic glucosinolate pathways are changed in linc1 mutants. Moreover, PAMP triggers JA and JA-Ile accumulation in linc1 mutants, whereas salicylic acid levels are unchanged. Despite impairment in PAMP-triggered immunity, linc1 mutants still show basal immunity towards Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 strains. High JA levels usually render plants resistant to necrotrophic pathogen. Thus, linc1 mutants show enhanced resistance to Botrytis cinerea infection. In accordance with a general role of LINC1 in JA signaling, linc1 mutants are hypersensitive to growth inhibition to external JA. In summary, our findings show that the lamin-like LINC1 protein plays a key role in JA signaling and regulation of PTI responses in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Jarad
- DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kiruthiga Mariappan
- DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marilia Almeida-Trapp
- DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Florian Mette
- DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Naganand Rayapuram
- DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heribert Hirt
- DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Heribert Hirt,
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