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Ding F, Jia S, Wang P, Liu C, Li Y. Effect of exercise on cravings levels in individuals with drug dependency: A systematic review. Addict Behav 2024; 158:108127. [PMID: 39127026 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of exercise-based interventions in reducing craving levels among individuals with drug dependency. METHODS This study included randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of exercise on craving levels in individuals with drug dependence. We searched for relevant literature in PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, China Biomedicine, Wanfang, and VIP databases from their inception until July 2024. Two researchers independently reviewed the literature. The quality of the studies was assessed using the PEDro scale, and the GRADE profiler software was utilized to evaluate the strength of the evidence. A qualitative synthesis was performed to describe the findings. RESULTS We included 26 studies involving a total of 1381 participants, with 787 in the experimental group and 594 in the control group. These studies were mainly conducted in China, the United States, and the United Kingdom, and were published mostly after 2018. The participants had typically been dependent on drugs for more than 5 years. The review found that exercise interventions were feasible and well-accepted, and effectively reduced drug cravings. Among the 26 studies, 22 showed positive outcomes in reducing cravings. The type of exercise appears to be a crucial factor. Aerobic exercises were more effective than resistance exercises. Out of 18 studies that included aerobic exercises, 17 reported significant reductions in cravings. In contrast, among the 4 studies that included resistance exercises, 3 did not find a significant impact on cravings. CONCLUSION Exercise is highly feasible and acceptable, significantly contributing to the reduction of drug cravings among individuals with drug dependency. The specific type of exercise appears to be a key determinant of the intervention's effectiveness. Aerobic exercises were more effective than resistance exercises. The evidence supporting these findings is of high quality, with an average score of 6.92 on the PEDro scale. OTHERS The research was supported by the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Human Performance, with the project number 11DZ2261100. Registration details can be found on PROSPEO under the number CRD42024525700 at www.crd.york.ac.uk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ding
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuqi Jia
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuzhang Li
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Li S, Yang D, Zhou X, Chen L, Liu L, Lin R, Li X, Liu Y, Qiu H, Cao H, Liu J, Cheng Q. Neurological and metabolic related pathophysiologies and treatment of comorbid diabetes with depression. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14497. [PMID: 37927197 PMCID: PMC11017426 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The comorbidity between diabetes mellitus and depression was revealed, and diabetes mellitus increased the prevalence of depressive disorder, which ranked 13th in the leading causes of disability-adjusted life-years. Insulin resistance, which is common in diabetes mellitus, has increased the risk of depressive symptoms in both humans and animals. However, the mechanisms behind the comorbidity are multi-factorial and complicated. There is still no causal chain to explain the comorbidity exactly. Moreover, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, insulin and metformin, which are recommended for treating diabetes mellitus-induced depression, were found to be a risk factor in some complications of diabetes. AIMS Given these problems, many researchers made remarkable efforts to analyze diabetes complicating depression from different aspects, including insulin resistance, stress and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis, neurological system, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Drug therapy, such as Hydrogen Sulfide, Cannabidiol, Ascorbic Acid and Hesperidin, are conducive to alleviating diabetes mellitus and depression. Here, we reviewed the exact pathophysiology underlying the comorbidity between depressive disorder and diabetes mellitus and drug therapy. METHODS The review refers to the available literature in PubMed and Web of Science, searching critical terms related to diabetes mellitus, depression and drug therapy. RESULTS In this review, we found that brain structure and function, neurogenesis, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glucose and lipid metabolism were involved in the pathophysiology of the comorbidity. Obesity might lead to diabetes mellitus and depression through reduced adiponectin and increased leptin and resistin. In addition, drug therapy displayed in this review could expand the region of potential therapy. CONCLUSIONS The review summarizes the mechanisms underlying the comorbidity. It also overviews drug therapy with anti-diabetic and anti-depressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of GastroenterologyBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Lini Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Ruoheng Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Huiwen Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jian Liu
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, The First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
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Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Deng C, Wang J. Effects and potential mechanisms of exercise and physical activity on eye health and ocular diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1353624. [PMID: 38585147 PMCID: PMC10995365 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1353624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In the field of eye health, the profound impact of exercise and physical activity on various ocular diseases has become a focal point of attention. This review summarizes and elucidates the positive effects of exercise and physical activities on common ocular diseases, including dry eye disease (DED), cataracts, myopia, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). It also catalogues and offers exercise recommendations based on the varying impacts that different types and intensities of physical activities may have on specific eye conditions. Beyond correlations, this review also compiles potential mechanisms through which exercise and physical activity beneficially affect eye health. From mitigating ocular oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, reducing intraocular pressure, enhancing mitochondrial function, to promoting ocular blood circulation and the release of protective factors, the complex biological effects triggered by exercise and physical activities reveal their substantial potential in preventing and even assisting in the treatment of ocular diseases. This review aims not only to foster awareness and appreciation for how exercise and physical activity can improve eye health but also to serve as a catalyst for further exploration into the specific mechanisms and key targets through which exercise impacts ocular health. Such inquiries are crucial for advancing innovative strategies for the treatment of eye diseases, thereby holding significant implications for the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chaohua Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junming Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wang H, Zhang G, Li X, Pu S. The effect of tennis batting sound on anxiety: a randomized controlled trial and basic acoustic analysis. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1233599. [PMID: 38130970 PMCID: PMC10733858 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1233599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the potential role of the unique sound of tennis in alleviating anxiety. Previous research has consistently shown that exercise can mitigate anxiety, primarily attributed to the impact of increased physical activity on hormonal and neurostructural changes. However, in daily life we find that one of the reasons people are drawn to tennis is its distinctive sound. In this study, we specifically examined the influence of this sound on anxiety. Methods and results In a randomized controlled experiment involving 96 participants reporting chronic anxiety (n1 = n2 = 48), we found that the control group exhibited an average reduction of 0.00156 in anxiety scores 4 weeks before and after the study. On the other hand, the experimental group, exposed to tennis stroke sound stimuli, showed an average reduction of 0.02896 in anxiety scores after 4 weeks, with some individuals even experiencing a decrease from anxiety to mild anxiety. Furthermore, the analysis of sound data revealed that the sound of tennis exhibited a pleasing timbre, with the primary sound frequencies ranging from 100 to 2,800 Hz. The rhythm of the sound had an average interval of approximately 1.758″ (± 0.41), corresponding to speed of approximately 93.6 km/h. The sound exhibited a steady rhythm, orderly variations in pitch, and a soothing timbre. Conclusion This study confirms that the sound of tennis alone contributes to anxiety relief, attributed to its suitable loudness, steady rhythm, and orderly variations in pitch, all of which align with human auditory characteristics. This indicates that a considerable portion of the anxiety-alleviating effects of tennis attributed to its comforting sound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Physical Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
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Liu X, Hu Q, Xu T, Yuan Q, Hu Q, Hu N, Sun W, Bai Y, Liu L, Feng J, Yi Q. Fndc5/irisin deficiency leads to dysbiosis of gut microbiota contributing to the depressive-like behaviors in mice. Brain Res 2023; 1819:148537. [PMID: 37591459 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most common mental diseases and the leading cause of disability worldwide. A dysfunctional gut microbiota-brain axis is one of the main pathological bases of depression. Irisin, an exercise-related myokine, reduces depression-like behaviors and may guide the relief of depressive symptoms by exercise. However, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS Fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (Fndc5)/Irisin was knocked out in male wide-type C57BL/6N mice using CRISPR-cas9. The depression and anxiety symptoms were examined in irisin knockout and control mice with or without chronic unpredictable mild stress by sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST). Fecal microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing and microbiota-related metabolites using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Differential metabolites were analyzed with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. RESULTS The knockout mice showed anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and altered diversity and richness of gut microbiota. At the phylum level, these mice had decreased Firmicutes and increased Bacteroidota populations, while at the genus level, they exhibited a low relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Moreover, knocking out of Irisin gene in these mice significantly reduced N-desmethyl-mifepristone (RU 42633) and elevated (-)-stercobilin levels. The KEGG results showed that the microbiota-related metabolites affected by irisin mainly clustered into arginine and proline metabolism and affected the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings show that Fndc5/irisin deficiency causes depression in mice by inducing dysbiosis of gut microbiota and changes in microbiota-related metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qinxue Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Tianhao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Qiaoli Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Na Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Weichao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiping Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China.
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China.
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Dutra AR, Salm DC, da Silva RH, Tanaka F, Lutdke DD, de Oliveira BH, Lampert R, Bittencourt EB, Bianco G, Gadotti VM, Reed WR, Mack JM, Bobinski F, Moré AOO, Martins DF. Electrical stimulation of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve potentiates analgesia induced by physical exercise in mice with peripheral inflammation. Front Integr Neurosci 2023; 17:1242278. [PMID: 37901799 PMCID: PMC10602751 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2023.1242278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the antihyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of percutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulation (pVNS) associated with physical exercise, i.e., swimming, in mice with peripheral inflammation. Methods The pain model was induced by intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA). Sixty-four male Swiss mice (35-40 g) received an i.pl. of CFA and underwent behavioral tests, i.e., mechanical hyperalgesia, edema, and paw temperature tests. Additionally, cytokine levels, specifically interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mice were treated with swimming exercise for 30 min alone or associated with different time protocols (10, 20, or 30 min) of stimulation in the left ear with random frequency during four consecutive days. Results pVNS for 20 min prolonged the antihyperalgesic effect for up to 2 h, 24 h after CFA injection. pVNS for 30 min prolonged the antihyperalgesic effect for up to 7 h, 96 h after CFA injection. However, it did not alter the edema or temperature at both analyzed times (24 and 96 h). Furthermore, the combination of pVNS plus swimming exercise, but not swimming exercise alone, reduced IL-6 levels in the paw and spinal cord, as well as IL-10 levels in the spinal cord. Conclusion pVNS potentiates the analgesic effect induced by swimming, which may be, at least in part, mediated by the modulation of inflammatory cytokines in the periphery (paw) and central nervous system (spinal cord). Therefore, the combination of these therapies may serve as an important adjunctive treatment for persistent inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Raulino Dutra
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Daiana Cristina Salm
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Hardt da Silva
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tanaka
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniela Dero Lutdke
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna Hoffmann de Oliveira
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Rose Lampert
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Gianluca Bianco
- Research Laboratory of Posturology and Neuromodulation RELPON, Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University and Istituto Di Formazione in Agopuntura E Neuromodulazione IFAN, Rome, Italy
| | - Vinícius M. Gadotti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - William R. Reed
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Rehabilitation Science Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Josiel Mileno Mack
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Franciane Bobinski
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Ari O. O. Moré
- Integrative Medicine and Acupuncture Division, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fernandes Martins
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
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Hamasaki H. The Effect of Exercise on Cardiovascular Autonomic Nervous Function in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2668. [PMID: 37830705 PMCID: PMC10572826 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic neuropathy, including autonomic neuropathy, is a severe complication in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Specifically, cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) plays a significant prognostic role in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Exercise, an essential component of diabetes treatment, may have a therapeutic effect on patients with diabetes complicated by CAN. However, it remains unclear whether exercise has a therapeutic or protective effect in diabetes patients with CAN. METHODS The author conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and The Cochrane Library, resulting in the identification of eight eligible randomized controlled trials for this review. RESULTS Exercise, including aerobic exercise combined with resistance training (RT), high-intensity interval training, and progressive RT, has shown a beneficial effect on cardiac autonomic function (CAF) in patients with type 2 diabetes, as measured by heart rate variability, heart rate recovery, and baroreflex sensitivity. However, most studies had low quality. Moreover, there were no relevant studies examining the effect of exercise on CAF in older patients, patients with poorly controlled diabetes, and patients with type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Exercise has the potential to manage patients with CAN by balancing sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system functions; however, further studies are warranted in the future.
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Nagai M, Förster CY. Exercise in treatment-resistant hypertension. A natural neuromodulation therapy? Hypertens Res 2023; 46:2231-2234. [PMID: 37452156 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michiaki Nagai
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Rhythm Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, USA.
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Carola Yvette Förster
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany
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Cincotta AH. Brain Dopamine-Clock Interactions Regulate Cardiometabolic Physiology: Mechanisms of the Observed Cardioprotective Effects of Circadian-Timed Bromocriptine-QR Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13255. [PMID: 37686060 PMCID: PMC10487918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite enormous global efforts within clinical research and medical practice to reduce cardiovascular disease(s) (CVD), it still remains the leading cause of death worldwide. While genetic factors clearly contribute to CVD etiology, the preponderance of epidemiological data indicate that a major common denominator among diverse ethnic populations from around the world contributing to CVD is the composite of Western lifestyle cofactors, particularly Western diets (high saturated fat/simple sugar [particularly high fructose and sucrose and to a lesser extent glucose] diets), psychosocial stress, depression, and altered sleep/wake architecture. Such Western lifestyle cofactors are potent drivers for the increased risk of metabolic syndrome and its attendant downstream CVD. The central nervous system (CNS) evolved to respond to and anticipate changes in the external (and internal) environment to adapt survival mechanisms to perceived stresses (challenges to normal biological function), including the aforementioned Western lifestyle cofactors. Within the CNS of vertebrates in the wild, the biological clock circuitry surveils the environment and has evolved mechanisms for the induction of the obese, insulin-resistant state as a survival mechanism against an anticipated ensuing season of low/no food availability. The peripheral tissues utilize fat as an energy source under muscle insulin resistance, while increased hepatic insulin resistance more readily supplies glucose to the brain. This neural clock function also orchestrates the reversal of the obese, insulin-resistant condition when the low food availability season ends. The circadian neural network that produces these seasonal shifts in metabolism is also responsive to Western lifestyle stressors that drive the CNS clock into survival mode. A major component of this natural or Western lifestyle stressor-induced CNS clock neurophysiological shift potentiating the obese, insulin-resistant state is a diminution of the circadian peak of dopaminergic input activity to the pacemaker clock center, suprachiasmatic nucleus. Pharmacologically preventing this loss of circadian peak dopaminergic activity both prevents and reverses existing metabolic syndrome in a wide variety of animal models of the disorder, including high fat-fed animals. Clinically, across a variety of different study designs, circadian-timed bromocriptine-QR (quick release) (a unique formulation of micronized bromocriptine-a dopamine D2 receptor agonist) therapy of type 2 diabetes subjects improved hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, immune sterile inflammation, and/or adverse cardiovascular event rate. The present review details the seminal circadian science investigations delineating important roles for CNS circadian peak dopaminergic activity in the regulation of peripheral fuel metabolism and cardiovascular biology and also summarizes the clinical study findings of bromocriptine-QR therapy on cardiometabolic outcomes in type 2 diabetes subjects.
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Ma P, Ou Y. Correlation between the dopaminergic system and inflammation disease: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7043-7053. [PMID: 37382774 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The dopaminergic system is inextricably linked with neurological diseases and addiction. In recent years, many studies have found that the dopaminergic system involves in inflammatory diseases, particularly neuroinflammatory diseases development; This review summarizes the studies of dopaminergic system in inflammatory diseases, and specifically highlights the mechanisms of how dopaminergic system regulates inflammation; In addition, we speculate that there are some cavities in current research, including mixed usage of inhibitors, agonists and lack of systematic controls; We expect this review would provide directions to future research of dopaminergic system and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Ou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
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Nishikori S, Yasuda J, Murata K, Takegaki J, Harada Y, Shirai Y, Fujita S. Resistance training rejuvenates aging skin by reducing circulating inflammatory factors and enhancing dermal extracellular matrices. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10214. [PMID: 37353523 PMCID: PMC10290068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic training (AT) is suggested to be an effective anti-aging strategy for skin aging. However, the respective effects of resistance training (RT) have not been studied. Therefore, we compared the effects of AT and RT on skin aging in a 16-week intervention in 61 healthy sedentary middle-aged Japanese women. Data from 56 women were available for analysis. Both interventions significantly improved skin elasticity and upper dermal structure, and RT also improved dermal thickness. After the training intervention, expression of dermal extracellular matrix-related genes was increased in normal human primary dermal fibroblasts. AT and RT had different effects on circulating levels of factors, such as cytokines, hormones in serum, and metabolites, and RT increased dermal biglycan (BGN). To our knowledge, this is the first report to show different effects of AT and RT on skin aging and identify the key factors involved in RT-induced skin rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Nishikori
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Japan
- Frontier Research Center, POLA Chemical Industries, Inc., 560 Kashio-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Jun Yasuda
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Kao Murata
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Junya Takegaki
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Yasuko Harada
- Frontier Research Center, POLA Chemical Industries, Inc., 560 Kashio-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuki Shirai
- Frontier Research Center, POLA Chemical Industries, Inc., 560 Kashio-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Japan.
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Channer B, Matt SM, Nickoloff-Bybel EA, Pappa V, Agarwal Y, Wickman J, Gaskill PJ. Dopamine, Immunity, and Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:62-158. [PMID: 36757901 PMCID: PMC9832385 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function, regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also regulates critical functions in peripheral organs, such as blood pressure, renal activity, and intestinal motility. Beyond these functions, a growing body of evidence indicates that dopamine is an important immunoregulatory factor. Most types of immune cells express dopamine receptors and other dopaminergic proteins, and many immune cells take up, produce, store, and/or release dopamine, suggesting that dopaminergic immunomodulation is important for immune function. Targeting these pathways could be a promising avenue for the treatment of inflammation and disease, but despite increasing research in this area, data on the specific effects of dopamine on many immune cells and disease processes remain inconsistent and poorly understood. Therefore, this review integrates the current knowledge of the role of dopamine in immune cell function and inflammatory signaling across systems. We also discuss the current understanding of dopaminergic regulation of immune signaling in the CNS and peripheral tissues, highlighting the role of dopaminergic immunomodulation in diseases such as Parkinson's disease, several neuropsychiatric conditions, neurologic human immunodeficiency virus, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and others. Careful consideration is given to the influence of experimental design on results, and we note a number of areas in need of further research. Overall, this review integrates our knowledge of dopaminergic immunology at the cellular, tissue, and disease level and prompts the development of therapeutics and strategies targeted toward ameliorating disease through dopaminergic regulation of immunity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Canonically, dopamine is recognized as a neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of movement, cognition, and reward. However, dopamine also acts as an immune modulator in the central nervous system and periphery. This review comprehensively assesses the current knowledge of dopaminergic immunomodulation and the role of dopamine in disease pathogenesis at the cellular and tissue level. This will provide broad access to this information across fields, identify areas in need of further investigation, and drive the development of dopaminergic therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breana Channer
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Stephanie M Matt
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Emily A Nickoloff-Bybel
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Yash Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Jason Wickman
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Peter J Gaskill
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
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13
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Feng S, Zhang Y, Gao F, Li M, Zhu L, Wen H, Xi Y, Xiang X. Inhibitory Effects of Antipsychotic Chlorpromazine on the Survival, Reproduction and Population Growth Other Than Neurotransmitters of Zooplankton in Light of Global Warming. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16167. [PMID: 36498239 PMCID: PMC9736287 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and environmental pollution have created a unique combination of abiotic and biotic stresses to zooplankton. However, little information is available on the effects of antipsychotic drugs commonly used to treat psychosis, such as chlorpromazine (CPZ), on non-target aquatic organisms in light of global warming. This study investigated how dopamine concentrations (DAC), acute toxicity and chronic toxicity of Brachionus calyciflorus changed in response to CPZ and gradually increasing temperatures. The results showed that the concentration range of rotifer DAC was 1.06~2.51 ng/g. At 18, 25 and 32 °C, the 24 h LC50 was 1.795, 1.242 and 0.833 mg/L, respectively. Compared to the control, exposure to CPZ significantly decreased life expectancy at hatching, the net reproduction rate, generation time, population growth rate and dopamine concentration of B. calyciflorus in all three temperatures (p < 0.05). The toxicity of CPZ to rotifers was increased by high temperature. These findings indicated that CPZ is highly toxic to rotifers, displaying high ecological risks to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Feng
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Fan Gao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Hao Wen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yilong Xi
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xianling Xiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Wuhu 241002, China
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Cincotta AH, Cersosimo E, Alatrach M, Ezrokhi M, Agyin C, Adams J, Chilton R, Triplitt C, Chamarthi B, Cominos N, DeFronzo RA. Bromocriptine-QR Therapy Reduces Sympathetic Tone and Ameliorates a Pro-Oxidative/Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Plasma of Type 2 Diabetes Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168851. [PMID: 36012132 PMCID: PMC9407769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromocriptine-QR is a sympatholytic dopamine D2 agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that has demonstrated rapid (within 1 year) substantial reductions in adverse cardiovascular events in this population by as yet incompletely delineated mechanisms. However, a chronic state of elevated sympathetic nervous system activity and central hypodopaminergic function has been demonstrated to potentiate an immune system pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory condition and this immune phenotype is known to contribute significantly to the advancement of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the possibility exists that bromocriptine-QR therapy may reduce adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes subjects via attenuation of this underlying chronic pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory state. The present study was undertaken to assess the impact of bromocriptine-QR on a wide range of immune pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory biochemical pathways and genes known to be operative in the genesis and progression of CVD. Inflammatory peripheral blood mononuclear cell biology is both a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease and also a marker of the body’s systemic pro-inflammatory status. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of 4-month circadian-timed (within 2 h of waking in the morning) bromocriptine-QR therapy (3.2 mg/day) in type 2 diabetes subjects whose glycemia was not optimally controlled on the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist on (i) gene expression status (via qPCR) of a wide array of mononuclear cell pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory genes known to participate in the genesis and progression of CVD (OXR1, NRF2, NQO1, SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GSR, GPX1, GPX4, GCH1, HMOX1, BiP, EIF2α, ATF4, PERK, XBP1, ATF6, CHOP, GSK3β, NFkB, TXNIP, PIN1, BECN1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR10, MAPK8, NLRP3, CCR2, GCR, L-selectin, VCAM1, ICAM1) and (ii) humoral measures of sympathetic tone (norepinephrine and normetanephrine), whole-body oxidative stress (nitrotyrosine, TBARS), and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, prolactin, C-reactive protein [CRP]). Relative to pre-treatment status, 4 months of bromocriptine-QR therapy resulted in significant reductions of mRNA levels in PBMC endoplasmic reticulum stress-unfolded protein response effectors [GRP78/BiP (34%), EIF2α (32%), ATF4 (29%), XBP1 (25%), PIN1 (14%), BECN1 (23%)], oxidative stress response proteins [OXR1 (31%), NRF2 (32%), NQO1 (39%), SOD1 (52%), CAT (26%), GPX1 (33%), GPX4 (31%), GCH1 (30%), HMOX1 (40%)], mRNA levels of TLR pro-inflammatory pathway proteins [TLR2 (46%), TLR4 (20%), GSK3β (19%), NFkB (33%), TXNIP (18%), NLRP3 (32%), CCR2 (24%), GCR (28%)], mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cellular receptor proteins CCR2 and GCR by 24% and 28%, and adhesion molecule proteins L-selectin (35%) and VCAM1 (24%). Relative to baseline, bromocriptine-QR therapy also significantly reduced plasma levels of norepinephrine and normetanephrine by 33% and 22%, respectively, plasma pro-oxidative markers nitrotyrosine and TBARS by 13% and 10%, respectively, and pro-inflammatory factors IL-18, MCP1, IL-1β, prolactin, and CRP by 21%,13%, 12%, 42%, and 45%, respectively. These findings suggest a unique role for circadian-timed bromocriptine-QR sympatholytic dopamine agonist therapy in reducing systemic low-grade sterile inflammation to thereby reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony H. Cincotta
- VeroScience LLC, Tiverton, RI 02878, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-401-816-0525
| | - Eugenio Cersosimo
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Mariam Alatrach
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | - Christina Agyin
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - John Adams
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Robert Chilton
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Curtis Triplitt
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | | | - Ralph A. DeFronzo
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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15
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Pan S, Guo S, Dai J, Gu Y, Wang G, Wang Y, Qin Z, Luo L. Trehalose ameliorates autophagy dysregulation in aged cortex and acts as an exercise mimetic to delay brain aging in elderly mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Wu Y, Guo X, Peng Y, Fang Z, Zhang X. Roles and Molecular Mechanisms of Physical Exercise in Sepsis Treatment. Front Physiol 2022; 13:879430. [PMID: 35845992 PMCID: PMC9277456 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.879430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is a planned, purposeful action to keep a healthy lifestyle and improve physical fitness. Physical exercise has been widely used as a non-pharmacological approach to preventing and improving a wide range of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, metabolic disease, and neurodegenerative disease. However, the effects of physical exercise on sepsis have not been summarized until now. In this review, we discuss the effects of physical exercise on multiple organ functions and the short- and long-time outcomes of sepsis. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of physical exercise on sepsis are discussed. In conclusion, we consider that physical exercise may be a beneficial and non-pharmacological alternative for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Joint Logistics Force No. 988 Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuliang Peng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zongping Fang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zongping Fang, ; Xijing Zhang,
| | - Xijing Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zongping Fang, ; Xijing Zhang,
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17
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Giustina AD, Rodrigues JF, Bagio E, Bonfante S, Joaquim L, Zarbato G, Stork S, Machado RS, de Souza Goldim MP, Danielski LG, Mathias K, Dacoregio C, Cardoso T, Predroso GS, Venturini LM, Zaccaron RP, Silveira PCL, Pinho RA, Petronilho F. Lung-Brain Crosstalk in Sepsis: Protective Effect of Prophylactic Physical Exercise Against Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3860-3872. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Li M, Zhou L, Sun X, Yang Y, Zhang C, Wang T, Fu F. Dopamine, a co-regulatory component, bridges the central nervous system and the immune system. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112458. [PMID: 34847478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a crucial neurotransmitter that plays an important role in maintaining physiological function in human body. In the past, most studies focused on the relationship between the dopaminergic system and neurological-related diseases. However, it has been found recently that DA is an immunomodulatory mediator and many immune cells express dopamine receptors (DRs). Some immune cells can synthesize and secrete DA and then participate in regulating immune function. DRs agonists or antagonists can improve the dysfunction of immune system through classical G protein signaling pathways or other non-receptor-dependent pathways. This article will discuss the relationship between the dopaminergic system and the immune system. It will also review the use of DRs agonists or antagonists to treat chronic and acute inflammatory diseases and corresponding immunomodulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Yunqi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Ce Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
| | - Fenghua Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
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19
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Huang Z, Tang J, Ji K. Exercise prevents HFD-induced insulin resistance risk: involvement of TNF-α level regulated by vagus nerve-related anti-inflammatory pathway in the spleen. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:124. [PMID: 34717724 PMCID: PMC8556891 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00712-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Regular physical exercise can improve insulin resistance in insulin target tissues. However, the mechanisms about the beneficial effect of exercise on insulin resistance are not yet fully resolved. This study was carried out to address whether insulin resistance improvement by exercise is involved in an anti-inflammatory pathway in the spleen in high-fat diet (HFD) feeding mice. METHODS Male C57Bl/6J mice with or without subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (sVNS) were subjected to medium-intensity treadmill exercise during HFD feeding. Glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were detected, and spleen acetylcholine level, choline acetyltransferase activity (ChAT), protein kinase C (PKC) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were assayed. RESULTS We found that exercise significantly improves HFD-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, along with an increase in acetylcholine level, ChAT activity, and PKC activity, and decrease in TNF-α level in the system and the spleen from HFD-fed mice. However, sVNS abolished the beneficial effect of exercise on glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, decreased acetylcholine level, ChAT activity, and PKC activity, and increase TNF-α level of the spleen in HFD-mice exercise intervention. CONCLUSIONS These data reveal that the prevention of HFD-associated insulin resistance by exercise intervention involves reducing splenic TNF-α level, which is mediated by cholinergic anti-inflammatory activity via influencing PKC activity, ChAT activity, and acetylcholine concentration in mice spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxi Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Wuhan College, No 333, Huangjiahu Road, Wuhan, 430212, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jialing Tang
- Department of Physical Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Kai Ji
- College of Physical Education, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430212, Hubei Province, China.
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20
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Buchmann Godinho D, da Silva Fiorin F, Schneider Oliveira M, Furian AF, Rechia Fighera M, Freire Royes LF. The immunological influence of physical exercise on TBI-induced pathophysiology: Crosstalk between the spleen, gut, and brain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 130:15-30. [PMID: 34400178 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a non-degenerative and non-congenital insult to the brain and is recognized as a global public health problem, with a high incidence of neurological disorders. Despite the causal relationship not being entirely known, it has been suggested that multiorgan inflammatory response involving the autonomic nervous system and the spleen-gut brain axis dysfunction exacerbate the TBI pathogenesis in the brain. Thus, applying new therapeutic tools, such as physical exercise, have been described in the literature to act on the immune modulation induced by brain injuries. However, there are caveats to consider when interpreting the effects of physical exercise on this neurological injury. Given the above, this review will highlight the main findings of the literature involving peripheral immune responses in TBI-induced neurological damage and how changes in the cellular metabolism of the spleen-gut brain axis elicited by different protocols of physical exercise alter the pathophysiology induced by this neurological injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Buchmann Godinho
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando da Silva Fiorin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neuroengenharia, Instituto Internacional de Neurociências Edmond e Lily Safra, Instituto Santos Dumont, Macaíba, RN, Brazil
| | - Mauro Schneider Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Flavia Furian
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Clínica Médica e Pediatria, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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21
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Feng Y, Liu S, Zha R, Sun X, Li K, Robling A, Li B, Yokota H. Mechanical Loading-Driven Tumor Suppression Is Mediated by Lrp5-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020267. [PMID: 33450808 PMCID: PMC7828232 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Advanced breast cancer and prostate cancer metastasize to varying organs including the bone. We show here that mechanical loading to the knee suppresses tumor growth in the loaded bone and the non-loaded mammary pad. Although lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5) in osteocytes is necessary to induce loading-driven bone formation, loading-driven tumor suppression is regulated by Lrp5-dependent and independent mechanisms. Lrp5 overexpression in osteocytes enhances tumor suppression, but without Lrp5 in osteocytes, mechanical loading elevates dopamine, chemerin, p53, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and reduces cholesterol and nexin. Their systemic changes contribute to inhibiting tumors without Lrp5. Osteoclast development is also inhibited by the load-driven regulation of chemerin and nexin. Abstract Bone is mechanosensitive and lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5)-mediated Wnt signaling promotes loading-driven bone formation. While mechanical loading can suppress tumor growth, the question is whether Lrp5 mediates loading-driven tumor suppression. Herein, we examined the effect of Lrp5 using osteocyte-specific Lrp5 conditional knockout mice. All mice presented noticeable loading-driven tumor suppression in the loaded tibia and non-loaded mammary pad. The degree of suppression was more significant in wild-type than knockout mice. In all male and female mice, knee loading reduced cholesterol and elevated dopamine. It reduced tumor-promoting nexin, which was elevated by cholesterol and reduced by dopamine. By contrast, it elevated p53, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and chemerin, and they were regulated reversely by dopamine and cholesterol. Notably, Lrp5 overexpression in osteocytes enhanced tumor suppression, and osteoclast development was inhibited by chemerin. Collectively, this study identified Lrp5-dependent and independent mechanisms for tumor suppression. Lrp5 in osteocytes contributed to the loaded bone, while the Lrp5-independent regulation of dopamine- and cholesterol-induced systemic suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Alexander Robling
- Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Baiyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-5177 (H.Y.); Fax: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-2455 (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-5177 (H.Y.); Fax: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-2455 (H.Y.)
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22
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Khoshkhouy F, Farshbaf A, Mahmoudabady M, Gholamnezhad Z. Effects of moderate exercise on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in rat's cardiac tissue. Cytokine 2020; 138:155409. [PMID: 33360764 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of moderate exercise on cardiac tissue inflammation, oxidative stress markers and apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-administered rats were evaluated. Wistar rats were divided into three groups (N = 8): (1) control; (2) LPS (1 mg/kg); and (3) LPS + moderate training (LPS + EX: 15 m/min, 30 min/day, for 9 weeks (week 1-9)). LPS was injected intraperitoneally for 5 days during week 9. Finally, the rats' heart were removed for biochemical and expression assessments. LPS increased the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)- 1β, C-reactive protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites in cardiac tissue, but decreased thiol contents and catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in cardiac tissue compared to the control group (p < 0.05-p < 0.001). In LPS + EX group, the level of NO metabolites was increased (p < 0.05) and thiol contents were decreased (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Moderate training decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, CRP and NO metabolites while increased CAT activity in the LPS + EX group compared to the LPS group (p < 0.05-p < 0.001). The mRNA level of BAX in the LPS group and the BCL2/BAX ratio in both LPS and LPS + EX groups increased compared to the control group (p < 0.05-p < 0.01). These results indicated that moderate training improved LPS-induced deleterious effects on cardiac tissue by attenuating proinflammatory cytokine levels, apoptosis and oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khoshkhouy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alieh Farshbaf
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahmoudabady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Gholamnezhad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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23
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Campos J, Pacheco R. Involvement of dopaminergic signaling in the cross talk between the renin-angiotensin system and inflammation. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:681-696. [PMID: 32997225 PMCID: PMC7526080 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00819-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a fundamental regulator of blood pressure and has emerged as an important player in the control of inflammatory processes. Accordingly, imbalance on RAS components either systemically or locally might trigger the development of inflammatory disorders by affecting immune cells. At the same time, alterations in the dopaminergic system have been consistently involved in the physiopathology of inflammatory disorders. Accordingly, the interaction between the RAS and the dopaminergic system has been studied in the context of inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS), kidney, and intestine, where they exert antagonistic actions in the regulation of the immune system. In this review, we summarized, integrated, and discussed the cross talk of the dopaminergic system and the RAS in the regulation of inflammatory pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease. We analyzed the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between both systems in the CNS and in systemic pathologies. Moreover, we also analyzed the impact of the commensal microbiota in the regulation of RAS and dopaminergic system and how it is involved in inflammatory disorders. Furthermore, we summarized the therapeutic approaches that have yielded positive results in preclinical or clinical studies regarding the use of drugs targeting the RAS and dopaminergic system for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Further understanding of the molecular and cellular regulation of the RAS-dopaminergic cross talk should allow the formulation of new therapies consisting of novel drugs and/or repurposing already existing drugs, alone or in combination, for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Campos
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. Zañartu 1482, 7780272 Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. Zañartu 1482, 7780272 Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile. .,Universidad San Sebastián, 7510156 Providencia, Santiago, Chile.
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24
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Xu Z, Chen Y, Yu D, Mao D, Wang T, Feng D, Li T, Yan S, Yu Y. The effects of exercise on COVID-19 therapeutics: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22345. [PMID: 32957405 PMCID: PMC7505377 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At the end of 2019, peoples normal lives were disrupted by a sudden plague (COVID-19), the huge impact of COVID-19 on society has never been appeared. How to effectively prevent and treat COVID-19 is a concern for all health care workers. Exercise as a green and cheap complementary therapy, which has been proven to improve the immune capacity of the body and prevent infection. The main purpose of this study is to provide a reliable methodological guidance and credible evidence for exercise on COVID-19 therapeutic. METHODS This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. We will search the following database sources for the Randomized controlled trials: the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Chinese Science and the Wanfang Database. All randomized controlled trials of exercise therapy for COVID-19 in the above database will be considered for inclusion, and high-quality articles will be screened for data extraction and analysis, to summarize the therapeutic effect of exercise on COVID-19 patients. RESULTS In this study, we hope to find strong evidence for the treatment of COVID-19 by exercise. CONCLUSION The conclusion of our study will provide credible evidence to judge whether exercise is an effective intervention on the COVID-19 patients therapeutic, and guide future researches.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020200883.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yong Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Duoduo Yu
- Sichuan Province Orthopaedic Hospital
| | - Dongdong Mao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | | | | | - Tao Li
- Sichuan Province Orthopaedic Hospital
| | | | - Yaming Yu
- Sichuan Province Orthopaedic Hospital
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25
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Li G, Liu F, Wang Y, Zhao M, Song Y, Zhang L. Effects of resistance exercise on treatment outcome and laboratory parameters of Takayasu arteritis with magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis: A randomized parallel controlled clinical trial. Clin Cardiol 2020; 43:1273-1278. [PMID: 32761844 PMCID: PMC7661652 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is correlated with refractory Takayasu arteritis (TA), and resistance exercise have been shown to inhibit TNF-α. HYPOTHESIS We aimed to explore the effect of resistance exercise in the clinical management of TA. METHODS This clinical trial enrolled a total of 342 acute TA patients, who were subsequently randomized to undergo either resistance exercise or relaxation control twice per week for 12 weeks. The disease activity was defined using the primary outcome of Birmingham Vascular Activity Score (BVAS). Secondary outcomes included levels of plasma TNF-α and C-reactive protein (CRP), and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). RESULTS BVAS scores along with other laboratory parameters obtained from the patients in the resistance exercise group showed a gradual decline throughout the course of the trial. By contrast, outcomes appeared largely unaltered in the relaxation control group patients. Analyses also revealed that plasma TNF-α displayed strong linear correlations with ESR, BVAS scores, and plasma CRP levels. CONCLUSION Resistance exercise could substantially improve treatment outcomes as well as laboratory parameters in patients with acute TA, probably through decreasing TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoce Li
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Fenghai Liu
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yancheng Song
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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26
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Pope BS, Wood SK. Advances in understanding mechanisms and therapeutic targets to treat comorbid depression and cardiovascular disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 116:337-349. [PMID: 32598982 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic or repeated social stress exposure often precipitates the onset of depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite a clear clinical association between CVD and depression, the pathophysiology underlying these comorbid conditions is unclear. Chronic exposure to social stress can lead to immune system dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and vagal withdrawal. Further, regular physical exercise is well-known to exert cardioprotective effects, and accumulating evidence demonstrates the antidepressant effect of exercise. This review explores the contribution of inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and vagal withdrawal to stress-induced depression and CVD. Evidence for therapeutic benefits of exercise, anti-inflammatory therapies, and vagus nerve stimulation are also reviewed. Benefits of targeted therapeutics of mitochondrial agents, anti-inflammatory therapies, and vagus nerve stimulation are discussed. Importantly, the ability of exercise to impact each of these factors is also reviewed. The current findings described here implicate a new direction for research, targeting the shared mechanisms underlying comorbid depression-CVD. This will guide the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of these stress-related pathologies, particularly within treatment-resistant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany S Pope
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, SC, 20208, United States
| | - Susan K Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29209, United States; William Jennings Bryan Dorn Veterans Administration Medical Center, Columbia, SC, 29209, United States.
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27
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Chen X, Li H, Wang K, Liang X, Wang W, Hu X, Huang Z, Wang Y. Aerobic Exercise Ameliorates Myocardial Inflammation, Fibrosis and Apoptosis in High-Fat-Diet Rats by Inhibiting P2X7 Purinergic Receptors. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1286. [PMID: 31681001 PMCID: PMC6798156 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background High-fat-diet (HFD) is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. P2X7 purinergic receptors (P2X7R) are key regulators of inflammasome activation. The benefits of exercise are partly attributed to its anti-inflammatory effect, but whether it regulates P2X7R expression to improve remodeling in cardiac myocytes treated by HFD is not completely clarified. Methods Three groups of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were studied: (1) control group (fed a normal chow diet), (2) HFD group, and (3) HFD+ exercise group. H9c2 myocytes were pretreated with or without A438079 (a P2X7R inhibitor) and then exposed to 200 μM palmitic acid (PA) for 24 h. The levels of mRNA and protein were measured by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Masson staining and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining were used to identify remodeling of the heart. The concentration of IL-1β in serum or supernatants were measured by ELISA. Results In vivo, collagen deposition and the number of disordered cells significantly increased in the hearts of the HFD group compared to the control group. However, exercise markedly reversed these changes in the myocardium, and the same trends were observed in the expression of MMP9, collagen I and TGF-β. Notably, the expression of P2X7R, NLRP3, caspase-1 in the hearts, and serum IL-1β level were also greatly upregulated in the heart of the HFD diet rats, and all these changes were ameliorated in the HFD + EX group. As expected, exercise also reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells, which was consistent with the caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 results. Moreover, exercise reduced body weight and blood lipid concentrations in the HFD diet rats. In vitro, we observed that the hallmark of fibrosis, inflammation and apoptosis in H9c2 myocytes enhanced by PA, and the P2X7R inhibitor treatment significantly reduced the expression of the NLRP3, caspase-1, suppressed the secretion of IL-1β of H9c2 cells, inhibited collagen I, TGF-β, MMP9, Bax, caspase-3 levels and increased the expression of Bcl-2, compared with the PA group. In addition, a decrease of the number of TUNEL-positive cells used by A438079 further support that cardiomyocytes apoptosis could be inhibited. Conclusion Aerobic exercise reversed the cardiac remodeling via the reduction of inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis in HFD rats, at least in part through inhibiting P2X7R expression in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Chen
- The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kangwei Wang
- The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaohe Liang
- The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaokang Hu
- The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhouqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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28
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Guareschi ZM, Ceglarek VM, Rodrigues PF, Huning LP, Festinalli C, Amorim JPDA, Grassiolli S. Exercise and Vitamin D Supplementation Modify Spleen Morphology in Lean, but not, in Monosodium-Glutamate-Obese Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.14302/issn.2578-2371.jslr-19-2819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of exercise and vitamin D supplementation on histological aspects of the spleens of lean and obese rats. Male Wistar rats received neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG; 4g/Kg), while Control (CON) rats received an equimolar solution. At 30 days of age, CON and MSG rats were subdivided into Exercised (E) or Sedentary (S) groups and Vitamin D (VD; 12µg/Kg) supplemented or non-supplemented (NS) groups. At the 86th day of life, rats were euthanized, and their body weights and adiposity were evaluated. Spleens were submitted to histomorphometric analysis of the white pulp (WP), germinal center (GC) and lymphatic nodule (LN). Data are presented as mean ± SEM (p<0.05). MSG treatment promoted a reduction in spleen weight, increased LN thickness and WP area, but reduced GC occupation, compared to spleens of CON-lean rats (p<0.05). Exercise and VD did not provoke changes in the spleens of MSG-obese rats. In CON-lean rats, E and VD induced augmentation of LN thickness. VD supplementation increased the WP area, while E reduced GC area occupation in spleens of CON-lean rats (p<0.05). In conclusion, exercise and VD supplementation increased LN thickness and WP area, but had the opposite effect on the GC in spleens of CON-lean rats. However, neither exercise nor VD supplementation prevented the development of morphological abnormalities in the spleens of MSG-obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Maria Guareschi
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, University of West Parana (Unioeste), Cascavel, PR, Brazil. +55 4532203257
| | - Vanessa Marieli Ceglarek
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, University of West Parana (Unioeste), Cascavel, PR, Brazil. +55 4532203257
| | - Patrick Fontes Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, University of West Parana (Unioeste), Cascavel, PR, Brazil. +55 4532203257
| | - Luiz Pierre Huning
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, University of West Parana (Unioeste), Cascavel, PR, Brazil. +55 4532203257
| | - Cintia Festinalli
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, University of West Parana (Unioeste), Cascavel, PR, Brazil. +55 4532203257
| | | | - Sabrina Grassiolli
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, University of West Parana (Unioeste), Cascavel, PR, Brazil. +55 4532203257
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