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Kim NV, McErlean G, Yu S, Kerridge I, Greenwood M, Lourenco RDA. Healthcare Resource Utilization and Cost Associated with Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Scoping Review. Transplant Cell Ther 2024; 30:542.e1-542.e29. [PMID: 38331192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2024.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This scoping review summarizes the evidence regarding healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs associated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). This study was conducted in accordance with the Joanne Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. The PubMed, Embase, and Health Business Elite Electronic databases were searched, in addition to grey literature. The databases were searched from inception up to November 2022. Studies that reported HRU and/or costs associated with adult (≥18 years) allo-HSCT were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently screened 20% of the sample at each of the 2 stages of screening (abstract and full text). Details of the HRU and costs extracted from the study data were summarized, based on the elements and timeframes reported. HRU measures and costs were combined across studies reporting results defined in a comparable manner. Monetary values were standardized to 2022 US Dollars (USD). We identified 43 studies that reported HRU, costs, or both for allo-HSCT. Of these studies, 93.0% reported on costs, 81.4% reported on HRU, and 74.4% reported on both. HRU measures and cost calculations, including the timeframe for which they were reported, were heterogeneous across the studies. Length of hospital stay was the most frequently reported HRU measure (76.7% of studies) and ranged from a median initial hospitalization of 10 days (reduced-intensity conditioning [RIC]) to 73 days (myeloablative conditioning). The total cost of an allo-HSCT ranged from $63,096 (RIC) to $782,190 (double umbilical cord blood transplantation) at 100 days and from $69,218 (RIC) to $637,193 at 1 year (not stratified). There is heterogeneity in the reporting of HRU and costs associated with allo-HSCT in the literature, making it difficult for clinicians, policymakers, and governments to draw definitive conclusions regarding the resources required for the delivery of these services. Nevertheless, to ensure that access to healthcare meets the necessary high cost and resource demands of allo-HSCT, it is imperative for clinicians, policymakers, and government officials to be aware of both the short- and long-term health resource requirements for this patient population. Further research is needed to understand the key determinants of HRU and costs associated with allo-HSCT to better inform the design and delivery of health care for HSCT recipients and ensure the quality, safety, and efficiency of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy V Kim
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney.
| | - Gemma McErlean
- School of Nursing, University of Wollongong; Ingham Institute for Allied Health Research; St George Hospital, South Eastern Local Health District
| | - Serena Yu
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney
| | - Ian Kerridge
- Department of Hematology, Royal North Shore Hospital; Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney; Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, St Leonards, NSW
| | - Matthew Greenwood
- Department of Hematology, Royal North Shore Hospital; Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney; Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, St Leonards, NSW
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Maziarz RT, Gergis U, Edwards ML, Song Y, Liu Q, Anderson A, Signorovitch J, Manghani R, Simantov R, Shin H, Sivaraman S. Health care costs among patients with hematologic malignancies receiving allogeneic transplants: a US payer perspective. Blood Adv 2024; 8:1200-1208. [PMID: 38055922 PMCID: PMC10912849 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT) require extensive care. Using the Merative MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database (2016 Q1-2020 Q2), we quantified the costs of care and assessed real-world complication rates among commercially insured US patients diagnosed with a hematologic malignancy and aged between 12 and 64 years undergoing inpatient allo-HCT. Health care resource use and costs were assessed from 100 days before HCT to 100 days after HCT. Primary hospitalization was defined as the time from HCT until first discharge date. Incidence of complications was assessed using medical billing codes from HCT date to 100 days after HCT. Among the 1082 patients analyzed, allo-HCT grafts included peripheral blood (79%), bone marrow (11%), and umbilical cord blood (3%). In the 100 days after HCT, 52% of the patients experienced acute graft-versus-host disease; 21% had cytomegalovirus infection. The median primary hospitalization length of stay (LOS) was 28 days; 31% required readmission in first 100 days after HCT. Across the transplant period (14 days pretransplant to 100 days posttransplant), 44% of patients were admitted to the intensive care unit with a median LOS of 29 days. Among those with noncapitated health plans (n = 937), median cost of all-cause health care per patient during the transplant period was $331 827, which was driven by primary hospitalization and readmission. Additionally, the predicted median incremental costs per additional day in an inpatient setting increased with longer LOS (eg, $3381-$4071, 10th-20th day.) Thus, decreasing length of primary hospitalization and avoiding readmissions should significantly reduce the allo-HCT cost of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard T. Maziarz
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Usama Gergis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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Ashok Kumar P, Ghimire K, Haroun E, Kassab J, Saba L, Gentile T, Dutta D, Lim SH. Utilization and outcome disparities in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant in the United States. Eur J Haematol 2024; 112:328-338. [PMID: 37899652 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) is increasingly being used in the United States (US) and across the world as a curative therapeutic option for patients with certain high-risk hematologic malignancies and non-malignant diseases. However, racial and ethnic disparities in utilization of the procedure and in outcome following transplant remain major problems. Racial and ethnic minority patients are consistently under-represented in the proportion of patients who undergo allo-HSCT in the US. The transplant outcomes in these patients are also inferior. The interrelated driving forces responsible for the differences in the utilization and transplant outcome of the medical intervention are socioeconomic status, complexity of the procedure, geographical barriers, and the results of differences in the genetics and comorbidities across different races. Bridging the disparity gaps is important not only to provide equity and inclusion in the utilization of this potentially life-saving procedure but also in ensuring that minority groups are well represented for research studies about allo-HSCT. This is required to determine interventions that may be more efficacious in particular racial and ethnic groups. Various strategies at the Federal, State, and Program levels have been designed to bridge the disparity gaps with varying successes. In this review paper, we will examine the disparities and discuss the strategies currently available to address the utilization and outcome gaps between patients of different races in the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Ashok Kumar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Krishna Ghimire
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Elio Haroun
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Joseph Kassab
- Department of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ludovic Saba
- Department of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Teresa Gentile
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Dibyendu Dutta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Seah H Lim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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Majhail NS, Miller B, Dean R, Manghani R, Shin H, Sivaraman S, Maziarz RT. Hospitalization and Healthcare Resource Utilization of Omidubicel-Onlv versus Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Hematologic Malignancies: Secondary Analysis from a Pivotal Phase 3 Clinical Trial. Transplant Cell Ther 2023; 29:749.e1-749.e5. [PMID: 37703995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
A phase 3 trial (ClincialTrials.gov identifier NCT02730299) of omidubicel-onlv, a nicotinamide-modified allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell therapy manufactured from a single umbilical cord blood (UCB) unit, showed faster hematopoietic recovery, reduced rate of infections, and shorter hospital stay compared with patients randomized to standard UCB. This prospective secondary analysis of the phase 3 trial characterized resource utilization in the first 100 days post-transplantation with omidubicel-onlv compared with UCB. This analysis examined resource utilization, including hospital length of stay, hospital care setting, visits by provider type, rate of transfusions, and readmissions, among the 108 treated patients (omidubicel-onlv, n = 52; UCB, n = 56) from day 0 to day 100 post-transplantation. Demographics were generally balanced between the 2 arms, except a higher proportion of females (52% versus 37%) and older median age (40 years versus 36 years) were noted in the omidubicel-onlv arm. Compared with patients receiving UCB transplantation, patients receiving omidubicel-onlv had a shorter average total hospital length of stay (mean, 41.2 days versus 50.8 days; P = .027) in the first 100 days post-transplantation and more days alive and out of the hospital (mean, 55.8 days versus 43.7 days; P = .023). Fewer patients died in the omidubicel-onlv arm compared with the UCB arm (12% vs 16%) before day 100 post-transplantation. During primary hospitalization (ie, time from transplantation to discharge), fewer patients receiving omidubicel-onlv required intensive care unit (ICU) admission (10% versus 23%) and spent fewer days in the ICU (mean, .4 day versus 4.7 days; P = .028) and transplant unit (mean, 25.3 days versus 32.9 days; P = .022) compared with those receiving UCB. Patients receiving omidubicel-onlv required fewer outpatient consultant and nonconsultant visits and fewer platelet or other transfusions within 100 days from transplantation. Our findings suggest that faster hematopoietic recovery in omidubicel-onlv patients is associated with significantly shorter hospital stay and reduced healthcare resource use compared with UCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet S Majhail
- Sarah Cannon Transplant and Cellular Therapy Network, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Richard T Maziarz
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Achour L, Drira C, Sboui MZ, Fazaa I, Soussi MA, Hammami S, Ben Othman T, Razgallah Khrouf M. Economic analysis of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the Bone Marrow Transplant Center of Tunisia. JOURNAL OF MARKET ACCESS & HEALTH POLICY 2023; 11:2236851. [PMID: 37576087 PMCID: PMC10416733 DOI: 10.1080/20016689.2023.2236851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: New procedures and diagnostic tests in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are associated with a significant increase in costs. The last cost estimate of allogeneic HSCT done in Tunisia was in 1996 and concerned only direct medical costs. Therefore, an updated cost analysis is needed. Objective: Analysis of direct costs during the first-year post-allogeneic HSCT in two groups of patients: Bone Marrow Transplant (Allo-BMT) and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant (Allo-PBSCT) and identification of factors leading to interindividual variations in costs in order to compare these costs with the budget allocated by the payer (CNAM). Methods: Pharmacoeconomic retrospective study, concerning patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT in 2013. Clinical and unit cost data were obtained from medical and administration records. Results:This study showed that the average direct cost of allogeneic HSCT in the population during the first year reached 56 638€. The average cost of Allo-BMT was 63 612€, and Allo-PBSCT was 45 966€ (p > 0.05). The initial hospitalization counted for 88% of total direct cost with an average cost of 41 441€ in Allo-BMT and 24 672€ in Allo-PBSCT (p < 0.05). Direct medical costs represented more than 70% of total direct costs, drugs, and laboratory tests occupied the largest share. Antifungals, antitumors, and antiviral drugs were the most expensive pharmaceutical classes with a mean cost, respectively, of 4 526€; 3 737€ and 3 268€. Some clinical criteria were significantly related to total direct costs like length of aplasia (p < 0.01) and GVHD (p < 0.05). However, the type of blood disease, its risk, length of mucositis, and the treatment protocol have no effect on the costs for all allogeneic patients. Conclusion: Our results showed that the costs of Allo HSCT have exceeded by far the budget allocated by the CNAM to the center, since the 90s to this day. That's why the total reimbursement mechanism should be revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Achour
- Pharmacy department, Bone Marrow Transplant Center of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chema Drira
- Pharmacy department, Bone Marrow Transplant Center of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Zied Sboui
- Pharmacy department, Bone Marrow Transplant Center of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ikram Fazaa
- Pharmacy department, Bone Marrow Transplant Center of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ali Soussi
- Pharmacy department, Bone Marrow Transplant Center of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Senda Hammami
- Pharmacy department, Bone Marrow Transplant Center of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Tarek Ben Othman
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Bone Marrow Transplant Center of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
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Catapia JRM, Vaswani PPM, Pajares CJV, Mo MC, Chen EBT, Bonifacio LB. Economic burden of acute myeloid leukemia on patients in a resource-limited tertiary hospital in the Philippines. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2023; 45 Suppl 2:S131-S139. [PMID: 37024424 PMCID: PMC10433300 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The remission induction treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has remained unchanged in the resource-limited setting in the Philippines. AML treatment consists of induction chemotherapy followed by high dose consolidation chemotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In the Philippines, the Filipino household bears the burden of health care cost of hospitalization expenditure. Insights into the treatment costs becomes an essential requirement as these guides the allocation of resources to scheme health programs. METHOD This study involved a retrospective cohort analysis of AML patients who underwent treatment for AML. Review of the statements of account per admission per patient during treatment for remission induction, consolidation, relapsed and refractory disease and best supportive care from 2017 to 2019. Of the 251 eligible patients, 190 patients were included. RESULT The mean healthcare expenditure for remission induction chemotherapy (Phase 1) was US $2, 504.78 (Php 125,239.29). While 3 to 4 cycles of consolidation chemotherapy cost an average of US $3,222.72 (Php 162,103.20). For patients who had relapsed and refractory disease, an additional mean cost of US $3,163.32 (Php 159,115.28) and US $2, 914.72 (Php 146,610.55) were incurred, respectively. The average cost of palliative care was US $1,687.00 (Php 84,856.59). CONCLUSION The cost of chemotherapy and other therapeutics bear most of the weight of the direct healthcare cost. The cost of AML treatment represents a significant economic burden for patients and the institution. The cost increases as patients proceed through subsequent lines of treatment for induction failure. Existing subsidy for health insurance benefits could still be improved for appropriate source allocation of resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael C Mo
- University of the Philippines, Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Lynn B Bonifacio
- University of the Philippines, Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
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Verna M, Canesi M, Conter V, Faulkner L, Rovelli AM, Silvestri D, Majolino I, Biondi A, Nawfal Abdullah C, Faeq Mohammed V. A Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Startup in Iraqi Kurdistan: Results in Thalassemia Patients and Analysis of the Methodology. Transplant Cell Ther 2023; 29:329.e1-329.e7. [PMID: 36690277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In hemoglobinopathy-prone regions, like the Middle East, thalassemia is the most prevalent noncommunicable life-threatening disorder of children and is highly curable by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Moreover, transplantation is very cost-effective, and HSCT programs can be established directly in middle-income countries (MICs) at a reduced cost while maintaining quality standards and outcomes consistent with international ones. The aim of the present study was to review and verify the efficacy of the applied methodology through the analysis of 47 consecutive matched-related HSCTs in children with thalassemia. In 2016, the first HSCT unit for adults and children with both malignant and nonmalignant diseases was developed in Iraqi Kurdistan, thanks to a capacity building project funded by the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation. Data on clinical activity were obtained from a cohort of patients treated in the newly established HSCT unit. Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and thalassemia-free survival (TFS). Startup of the HSCT unit was completed over a 3-year period. Assessing and meeting minimum requirements were crucial for the startup; moreover, a team of international health care professionals (HCPs), all experts in the field of HSCT, conducted the education and training phase, involving all the clinical and nonclinical professionals in the program. At a median follow-up of 2.6 years, the 3-year TFS and OS were 82.8% (SE, 5.5%) and 87.1% (SE, 4.9%), respectively. TFS and graft-versus-host-disease-free composite survival was 80.6% (SE, 5.8%). At present, the HSCT service is completely autonomous, and more than 250 transplants have been done in both adults and children. The minimal essential requirements for an HSCT startup may be affordable in many MICs. Our results for thalassemia are comparable with international data. A twinning program with an international group of experts and a capacity-building approach is crucial for the success of the program, a strategy that allows for rapid development of HSCT units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Verna
- Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori - Pediatric Dept. University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Marta Canesi
- Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori - Pediatric Dept. University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
| | - Valentino Conter
- Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori - Pediatric Dept. University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Attilio Maria Rovelli
- BMT Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori - Pediatric Dept. University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Daniela Silvestri
- Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori - Pediatric Dept. University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Biondi
- Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori - Pediatric Dept. University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Vian Faeq Mohammed
- Bone Marrow Transplant Centre, Hiwa Hospital, Sulaimaniyah, Iraqi Kurdistan
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Cryopreserved versus non-cryopreserved stem cell autografts in multiple myeloma a restrospective cohort study. Bone Marrow Transplant 2022; 57:1313-1318. [PMID: 35637267 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-022-01718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The use of non-cryopreserved hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) can be an alternative to the traditional cryopreserved infusions of HSCs in autologous stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). After high-dose melphalan conditioning (HDM), we sought to compare time to engraftment, overall survival, and safety in multiple myeloma (MM) patients undergoing a first aHSCT after high-dose melphalan conditioning (HDM). We conducted a cohort study from March 2018 to December 2019. Of all autologous transplants performed during this period, 105 were for MM as the first consolidation. Fifty-one patients received a cryopreserved graft; the remaining 54 patients received a fresh infusion. General clinical characteristics were similar between these two groups. Cell viability was higher in non-cryopreserved grafts (95% vs. 86% p < 0.01). Four deaths occurred during hospitalization in the cryopreserved group, one in the non-cryopreserved group. The cumulative incidence of neutrophil and platelet engraftment on D + 25 was higher in the non-cryopreserved compared to the cryopreserved group (98% vs 90% p < 0.01 and 96.2% vs 72.54% p < 0.01 respectively). Additionally, the hospital length of stay was reduced by 4 days for patients for the non-cryopreserved cohort. In summary, the use of non-cryopreserved HSCs after HDM is safe and effective compared to patients who received a cryopreserved graft.
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Simpson HM, Bock A, Cervantes L. Policy in clinical practice: Emergency Medicaid and access to allogeneic stem cell transplant for undocumented immigrants. J Hosp Med 2022; 17:50-53. [PMID: 34730506 PMCID: PMC9313594 DOI: 10.12788/jhm.3681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haley M. Simpson
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Allison Bock
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lilia Cervantes
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Division of Hospital Medicine and Office of Research, Denver Health, Denver, Colorado
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Impact of donor types on reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplant for mature lymphoid malignancies. Bone Marrow Transplant 2021; 57:243-251. [PMID: 34815519 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01525-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We retrospectively compared the outcomes of reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) transplantation from matched related donors (MRD; n = 266), matched unrelated donors (MUD; n = 277), and umbilical cord blood (UCB; n = 513) for mature lymphoid malignancies. The 3-year overall survival rates for the MRD, MUD, and UCB groups were 54%, 59%, and 40%, respectively (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed no differences in survival between the MRD group and the MUD or UCB group. However, survival was significantly affected by the conditioning regimen and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis in the UCB group, but not in the MRD and MUD groups. Notably, multivariate analysis showed that the risk of overall mortality in the UCB recipients who received the optimal conditioning regimen and GVHD prophylaxis (n = 116) was lower than that in the MRD group (relative risk [RR], 0.69; P = 0.03) and tended to be lower than that in the MUD group (RR, 0.75; P = 0.09). Our results suggest that UCB transplantation performed with the optimal conditioning regimen and GVHD prophylaxis is highly effective. Moreover, UCB is readily available. Thus, UCB transplantation with the optimal conditioning regimen and GVHD prophylaxis is preferable to MUD transplantation when MRD are not available in the setting of RIC transplantation for mature lymphoid malignancies.
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11
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Shimomura Y, Sobue T, Hirabayashi S, Kondo T, Mizuno S, Kanda J, Fujino T, Kataoka K, Uchida N, Eto T, Miyakoshi S, Tanaka M, Kawakita T, Yokoyama H, Doki N, Harada K, Wake A, Ota S, Takada S, Takahashi S, Kimura T, Onizuka M, Fukuda T, Atsuta Y, Yanada M. Comparing cord blood transplantation and matched related donor transplantation in non-remission acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2021; 36:1132-1138. [PMID: 34815516 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cord blood transplantation (CBT) is an alternative donor transplantation method and has the advantages of rapid availability and the possibility of inducing a more potent graft-versus-leukemia effect, leading to a lower relapse rate for patients with non-remission relapse and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML). This study aimed to investigate the impact of CBT, compared to human leukocyte antigen-matched related donor transplantation (MRDT). This study included 2451 adult patients with non-remission R/R AML who received CBT (1738 patients) or MRDT (713 patients) between January 2009 and December 2018. Five-year progression-free survival (PFS) and the prognostic impact of CBT were evaluated using a propensity score (PS) matching analysis. After PS matching, the patient characteristics were well balanced between the groups. The five-year PFS was 25.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.2-29.5%) in the CBT group and 18.1% (95% CI: 14.5-22.0%) in the MRDT group (P = 0.009). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.69-1.00, P = 0.045); this was due to a more pronounced decrease in the relapse rate (HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.69-0.89, P < 0.001) than an increase in the NRM (1.42, 1.15-1.76, P = 0.001). In this population, CBT was associated with a better 5-year PFS than MRDT after allogeneic HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimitsu Shimomura
- Department of Hematology, Kobe City Hospital Organization Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan. .,Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
| | - Tomotaka Sobue
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shigeki Hirabayashi
- Division of Precision Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tadakazu Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shohei Mizuno
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Junya Kanda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fujino
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kataoka
- Division of Hematology and Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Uchida
- Department of Hematology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Eto
- Department of Hematology, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Masatsugu Tanaka
- Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiro Kawakita
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hisayuki Yokoyama
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Japan
| | - Noriko Doki
- Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaito Harada
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Wake
- Department of Hematology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations, Toranomon Hospital, Kajigaya, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ota
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Takada
- Leukemia Research Center, Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Division of Molecular Therapy, The Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kimura
- Preparation Department, Japanese Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Makoto Onizuka
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fukuda
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Atsuta
- Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Registry Science for Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Yanada
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
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12
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Warlick ED, Ustun C, Andreescu A, Bonagura AF, Brunner A, Chandra AB, Foran JM, Juckett MB, Kindwall-Keller TL, Klimek VM, Pease DF, Steensma DP, Waldman BM, Horowitz MM, Burns LJ, Khera N. Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network Study 1102 heralds a new era in hematopoietic cell transplantation in high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes: Challenges and opportunities in implementation. Cancer 2021; 127:4339-4347. [PMID: 34375439 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
LAY SUMMARY People who have advanced myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) may live longer if they get a bone marrow transplant (BMT) instead of other therapies. However, only 15% of people with MDS actually get BMT. Experts say community physicians and transplant physicians should team up with insurance companies and patient advocacy groups to 1) spread this news about lifesaving advances in BMT, 2) ensure that everyone can afford health care, 3) provide emotional support for patients and families, 4) help patients and families get transportation and housing if they need to travel for transplant, and 5) improve care for people of under-represented racial and ethnic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica D Warlick
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Astrid Andreescu
- Northern Light Eastern Maine Medical Center, Lafayette Family Cancer Institute, Bangor, Maine
| | | | | | | | - James M Foran
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Mark B Juckett
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | | | | | | | - Bryce M Waldman
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mary M Horowitz
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Linda J Burns
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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13
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Beyron C, Ceraulo A, Bertrand Y, Bleyzac N, Philippe M. Impact of a Bayesian Individualization of Cyclosporine Dosage Regimen for Children Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Ther Drug Monit 2021; 43:481-489. [PMID: 33814541 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclosporine A (CsA) is the main drug used to prevent graft-versus-host disease in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). CsA therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has been performed for ages, with studies revealing clinical benefits, but failing to examine its economic impact. In this article, the main objective was to evaluate the economic impact of the CsA TDM strategy, based on a Bayesian approach, by assessing costs related to its clinical impact. Furthermore, TDM effectiveness was analyzed for pharmacokinetics and clinical outcomes. METHODS A cost-effective, nonrandomized, retrospective, single-center study compared 2 CsA monitoring and dose adaptation strategies in pediatric patients undergoing HSCT. From 2014 to 2016, CsA TDM was performed using a population pharmacokinetics model-coupled Bayesian approach by a pharmacist ["pharmacist-assisted individualization" (PAI)]. From 2017 to 2018, CsA TDM was performed by the clinician without a Bayesian approach (non-PAI group). HSCT costs were evaluated from the French National Insurance perspective. Economic and clinical outcomes were assessed by measuring incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. RESULTS The study included 144 patients: 90 and 54 patients in PAI and non-PAI groups, respectively. Both groups were comparable for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The mean total cost per patient was significantly lower (P < 0.01) in the PAI group (€85,947) than in the non-PAI group (€100,435). Multivariate analysis revealed that TDM based on the Bayesian approach was a protective factor (odds ratio = 0.86) for severe acute graft-versus-host disease. We noted that pharmacist-based TDM was the dominant strategy. Bayesian method-based TDM allowed an increase in the percentage of target attainment at any period post-HSCT. CONCLUSIONS CsA TDM with a Bayesian approach is a cost-effective procedure, and highlighted clinical benefits encourage the development of new TDM strategies for HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Beyron
- Oncology Pharmacy Department, Centre Léon Bérard
| | - A Ceraulo
- Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospices Civils de Lyon
- Claude Bernard University-Lyon 1
| | - Y Bertrand
- Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospices Civils de Lyon
- Claude Bernard University-Lyon 1
| | - N Bleyzac
- Pharmacy Department, Hôpital Pierre Garraud, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon; and
- EMR 3738, Team 2-PK/PD Modeling in Oncology, Lyon-Sud Faculty of Medicine, Oullins, France
| | - M Philippe
- Oncology Pharmacy Department, Centre Léon Bérard
- Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospices Civils de Lyon
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14
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Outpatient intensive induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood Adv 2021; 4:611-616. [PMID: 32074276 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve patient quality of life and reduce health care costs, many conditions formerly thought to require inpatient care are now treated in the outpatient setting. Outpatient induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) may confer similar benefits. This possibility prompted a pilot study to explore the safety and feasibility of intensive outpatient initial or salvage induction chemotherapy administration for adults with AML and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Patients with no significant organ dysfunction and a treatment-related mortality (TRM) score corresponding to a day 28 mortality rate of <5% to 10% were eligible for study. Patients were treated as outpatients with daily evaluation by providers and only admitted to the hospital if mandated by complications. Twenty patients were consented, and 17 were treated. Eight patients received initial induction chemotherapy and 9 received salvage induction chemotherapy. Fourteen patients completed induction chemotherapy administration in the outpatient setting (82.4%; exact 95% confidence interval [CI], 55.8-95.3). Three patients were admitted during the course of chemotherapy administration, 2 for neutropenic fever and 1 for grade 3 mucositis. No patients died within 14 days of the initiation of induction chemotherapy (exact 95% CI, 0-22.9). Results of this pilot study suggest it is feasible to complete outpatient induction chemotherapy in select patients with AML and high-risk MDS. A team including nurses, social workers, medical providers, and pharmacists was key to the successful implementation of outpatient induction.
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15
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Hershenfeld SA, Matelski J, Ling V, Paterson M, Cheung M, Cram P. Utilisation and outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in Ontario, Canada, and New York State, USA: a population-based retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e039293. [PMID: 33130568 PMCID: PMC7783612 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a potentially curative treatment for haematologic and oncologic diseases. There is a perception that the United States of America (USA) offers greater access to expensive therapies such as HCT. Alternatively, Canada is thought to suffer from protracted wait times, but lower spending. Our objective was to compare HCT utilisation and short-term outcomes in Ontario (ON), Canada, and New York State (NY), USA. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted a population-based cohort study using administrative health data to identify all residents of ON and NY who underwent allogeneic HCT between 2012 and 2015. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measures were age and sex standardised HCT utilisation rates, in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS) and readmission rates in ON and NY. Secondary outcomes included comparing ON and NY HCT recipients with respect to demographic characteristics and patient wealth (using neighbourhood income quintile). RESULTS We identified 547 HCT procedures in ON and 1361 HCT procedures performed in NY. HCT recipients in ON were younger than NY (mean age 49.0 vs 51.6 years; p<0.001) and a lower percentage of ON recipients resided in affluent neighbourhoods compared with NY (47.2% vs 52.6%; p=0.026). Utilisation of HCT was 14.4 per 1 million population per year in ON and 26.7 per 1 million per year in NY (p<0.001). The magnitude of the ON-NY difference in utilisation was larger for older patients. In-hospital mortality, LOS and readmission rates were lower in ON than NY in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. CONCLUSIONS We found significantly lower utilisation of HCT in ON compared with NY, particularly among older patients. Higher in-hospital mortality in NY relative to ON requires further study. These differences are thought provoking for patients, healthcare providers and policy-makers in both jurisdictions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Matelski
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Sinai Health System and University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vicki Ling
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Paterson
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Cheung
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Cram
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Sinai Health System and University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Days Alive Outside Hospital and Readmissions in Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Transplants from Identical Siblings or Alternative Donors. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2020; 12:e2020055. [PMID: 32952966 PMCID: PMC7485463 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2020.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the number of days alive outside the Hospital (DAOH) and the number of readmissions within the first 100 days after transplant in 185 patients who received an allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The donors were matched siblings (SIB; n=61), or alternative donors (ALT; n=124). The median number of DAOH for SIB transplants (78 days, range 21–84) was significantly greater than DAOH for ALT donor grafts (73 days, range 2–87) (p=0.0003). Other positive predictors of DAOH were the use of reduced-intensity regimens (p=0.01), grade 0-I acute graft versus host disease (GvHD) (p=0.0006), and a comorbidity index equal or less than two (p=0.04). Fifty-one patients required readmission (22%), which was predicted by grade II–IV acute GvHD (p=0.009), higher comorbidity index (p=0.06), and ALT donors as compared to SIBS (p=0.08). The CI of readmission was 18% (95%CI 10–31) for SIB and 30% (95%CI 23–39) for ALT donor grafts. The non relapse mortality (NRM) for patients re-admitted was 25% (95%CI 15–43%), compared to 5% (95%CI 2–12%) for patients not readmitted (p=0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, readmission was the strongest predictor of non-relapse mortality (NRM) (HR 2.0) (p=0.0006) and survival (HR 3.4) (p<0.0001).
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17
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Skeens MA, Gerhardt CA, Bajwa R, Akard TF. Toward a better understanding: An exploration of provider perceptions in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant adherence. Pediatr Transplant 2020; 24:e13786. [PMID: 32678483 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric HSCT patients endure complicated treatment regimens, lifestyle modifications, and a lifetime of long-term follow-up. Treatment adherence in this population is understudied and prevalence unknown. Providers (physicians and advanced practice nurses) in this study completed an online-structured questionnaire about definition, assessment, and perceived rates of adherence. Researchers' extracted 187 statements from participants' responses. The majority (n = 12, 71%) of providers reported adherence as a primary concern in outpatient HSCT. The major concern for providers was the potential of non-adherence to negatively affect outcomes. Providers also shared clinical examples of non-adherence. This study contributes to a better understanding of providers' perceptions of adherence within pediatric HSCT. Additional research is needed to describe, define, and improve adherence in pediatric HSCT to ultimately improve outcomes and quality of life for this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah A Skeens
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Center for Biobehavioral Health, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cynthia A Gerhardt
- The Center for Biobehavioral Health, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics and Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rajinder Bajwa
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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18
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George G, Martin AS, Chhabra S, Eapen M. The Effect of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Use on Hospital Length of Stay after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2020; 26:2359-2364. [PMID: 32818554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is administered after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) to aid neutrophil recovery. We compared the effect of empiric G-CSF administration on the duration of index inpatient hospitalization stay after HCT for patients aged ≥18 years with a hematologic malignancy. G-CSF was considered empiric if administered between day -3 and day +6 in relation to graft infusion. We studied 3562 HCTs (1487 HLA-matched sibling donor HCTs and 2075 HLA-matched unrelated donor HCTs) between 2007 and 2016. Three hundred and thirteen (21%) recipients of HLA-matched sibling donor HCT and 417 (20%) recipients of HLA-matched unrelated donor HCT received empiric G-CSF therapy. The effect of G-CSF therapy on the index hospitalization stay was examined in generalized linear models (GLMs) with adjustment for other patient, disease, and transplantation characteristics and acute graft-versus-host disease and infection post-transplantation. The duration of index hospitalization by treatment group did not differ for HLA-matched sibling donor HCT but was shorter with G-CSF for HLA-matched unrelated donor HCT (15 days versus 19 days; P < .001). Our GLMs confirmed shorter hospitalization with the use of G-CSF therapy for HLA-matched unrelated donor HCT (P = .01). G-CSF therapy was not associated with early survival for either donor type, and there was no benefit or disadvantage of giving G-CSF to promote neutrophil recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemlyn George
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
| | - Andrew St Martin
- Center for International Blood and Bone Marrow Transplant Registry, Department of Medicine, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Saurabh Chhabra
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Center for International Blood and Bone Marrow Transplant Registry, Department of Medicine, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mary Eapen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Center for International Blood and Bone Marrow Transplant Registry, Department of Medicine, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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19
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Mau LW, Preussler JM, Burns LJ, Leppke S, Majhail NS, Meyer CL, Mupfudze T, Saber W, Steinert P, Vanness DJ. Healthcare Costs of Treating Privately Insured Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the United States from 2004 to 2014: A Generalized Additive Modeling Approach. PHARMACOECONOMICS 2020; 38:515-526. [PMID: 32128725 PMCID: PMC7194165 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-020-00891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to predict healthcare cost trajectories for patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT), as a function of days since chemotherapy initiation, days relative to alloHCT, and days before death or last date of insurance eligibility (LDE). An exploratory objective examined patients with AML receiving chemotherapy only. METHODS We used Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database to construct cumulative cost trajectories from chemotherapy initiation to death or LDE (through 31 December 2014) for US patients aged 20-74 years diagnosed between 1 March 2004 and 31 December 2013 (n = 187 alloHCT; n = 253 chemotherapy only). We used generalized additive modeling (GAM) to predict expected trajectories and bootstrapped confidence intervals (CIs) at user-specified intervals conditional on dates of alloHCT and death or LDE relative to chemotherapy initiation. RESULTS Expected costs (in 2017 values) for a hypothetical patient receiving alloHCT 60 days after chemotherapy initiation and followed for 5 years were $US572,000 (95% CI 517,000-633,000); $US119,000 (95% CI 51,000-192,000); $US102,000 (95% CI 0-285,000); $US79,000 (95% CI 0-233,000), for years 1-4, respectively, and either $US494,000 (95% CI 212,000-799,000) or $US108,000 (95% CI 0-230,000) in year 5, whether the patient died or was lost to follow-up on day 1825, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Rates of cost accrual varied over time since chemotherapy initiation, with accelerations around the time of alloHCT and death. GAM is a potentially useful approach for imputing longitudinal costs relative to treatment initiation and one or more intercurrent, clinical, or terminal events in randomized controlled trials or registries with unrecorded costs or for dynamic decision-analytic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lih-Wen Mau
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jaime M Preussler
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Linda J Burns
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Susan Leppke
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Navneet S Majhail
- Blood & Marrow Transplant Program, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Christa L Meyer
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tatenda Mupfudze
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wael Saber
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Patricia Steinert
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - David J Vanness
- Apriori Bayesian Consulting, LLC, 2643 Sleepy Hollow Drive, State College, PA, 16803, USA.
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20
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Dunavin N, Mau LW, Meyer CL, Divine C, Abdallah AO, Leppke S, D'Souza A, Denzen E, Saber W, Burns LJ, Ganguly S. Health Care Reimbursement, Service Utilization, and Outcomes among Medicare Beneficiaries with Multiple Myeloma Receiving Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Inpatient and Outpatient Settings. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2020; 26:805-813. [PMID: 31917269 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2019.12.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HCT) is a complex procedure that can be performed in both inpatient (IP) and outpatient (OP) care settings. We examined reimbursement, service utilization, and patient financial responsibility among Medicare beneficiaries with multiple myeloma who underwent auto-HCT in the IP and OP settings using a merged dataset of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research observational database and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Medicare administrative claims data. Selection criteria included first auto-HCT, time from diagnosis to auto-HCT <18 months, and continuous enrollment in Medicare Parts A and B for 30 days before HCT index claims and 100 days post-HCT or until death. Total reimbursement and patient responsibility were adjusted for patient and disease characteristics using a weighted generalized linear model. The final cohort comprised 1640 patients, 1445 (88%) who received IP-HCT and 195 (12%) who received OP-HCT. The adjusted total mean reimbursement was higher for IP-HCT compared with OP-HCT ($82,368 [95% CI, $77,643 to $87,381] versus $46,824 [95% CI, $43,567-$50,325]; P < .0001). Adjusted total mean patient responsibility was $4736 for IP-HCT (95% CI, $4731 to $5133) and $6944 for OP-HCT (95% CI, $6296 to $7658) (P < .0001). Within 100 days post-HCT, 107 of the 195 OP-HCT recipients (55%) had at least 1 subsequent admission, compared with 348 of the 1445 IP-HCT recipients (24%). Reimbursement, service utilization, and financial responsibility varied by HCT setting. As the number of Medicare beneficiaries who undergo auto-HCT increases, coverage policy needs to consider how location of services leads to variations in the financial burden for both hospital systems and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Dunavin
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| | - Lih-Wen Mau
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and the National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Christa L Meyer
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and the National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Clint Divine
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Westwood, Kansas
| | | | - Susan Leppke
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Ellen Denzen
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and the National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Wael Saber
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Linda J Burns
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and the National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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21
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Mustafa M, Qatawneh M, Al Jazazi M, Jarrah O, Al Hazaimeh R, Oudat R, Al Tarawneh M, Al Majali R. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Thalassemia Patients: a Jordanian Single Centre Experience. Mater Sociomed 2020; 32:277-282. [PMID: 33628130 PMCID: PMC7879431 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2020.32.277-282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Beta thalassemia major is the commonest inherited hematological disorder worldwide which needs lifelong sufficient supportive management. Hematopoietic stem Cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment available till now. Aim: To evaluate the outcome of children who underwent allogenic hematopoietic stem Cell transplantation as a curative approach for Thalassemia Major, treated at Queen Rania AL- Abdullah children Hospital (QRCH) Methods: A retrospective review of the medical files was conducted for all children (< 15 years) who had thalassemia major and received HSCT between January, 2010 and January, 2019. The following variables were studied for all patients: age , gender, Pesaro classifications, the count of infused raw bone marrow stem cell (CD34), engraftment time, outcome and complications. Results: A total of 34 children were transplanted for thalassemia major, at an average of 4 cases per year. All underwent allogenic raw bone marrow transplantation from matched related donors. Thirteen patients (38.2%) were males and twenty one (61.2%) were females. The age ranged between 2 and 15 years, with a median age of 6.5 years. According to Pesaro classification, 31 patients were class 2 (91.2%) and 3 patients were class 3 (8.8%) while no single case met the criteria for class 1 Pesaro classification. The median CD34 count was 3.5 million/Kg of recipient weight (range, 1.5*106-7*106 /kg). The median time for neutrophil engraftment was 15.5 days. At a median follow up of 5 years (range 1- 9.5), 33 patients were alive. One patient died before 100 days post transplantation due to grade IV acute gastrointestinal Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD). Three patients had secondary graft failure (8.8%). Six patients (17.5 %) developed mild grade 1-2 skin GVHD while another patient developed hemorrhagic cystitis due to BK virus and cytomegalovirus (CMV) which reactivated simultaneously, and was successfully managed. Conclusion: The outlook for Thalassemia major has dramatically changed after HSCT, with a considerable success in Jordan and results comparable to international data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Mustafa
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Medical Oncology, Queen Rania Children Hospital, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mousa Qatawneh
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Medical Oncology, Queen Rania Children Hospital, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mais Al Jazazi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Medical Oncology, Queen Rania Children Hospital, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omaiema Jarrah
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Medical Oncology, Queen Rania Children Hospital, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ruba Al Hazaimeh
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Medical Oncology, Queen Rania Children Hospital, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Raida Oudat
- Department of Hematopathology. Princess Iman Research and Laboratory Sciences Centre, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Moath Al Tarawneh
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Medical Oncology, Queen Rania Children Hospital, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rami Al Majali
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Medical Oncology, Queen Rania Children Hospital, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
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22
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Khera N, Deeg HJ, Kodish E, Rondelli D, Majhail N. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Other Expensive Cellular Therapies: A Miracle for the Few but Off Limits to Many? J Clin Oncol 2019; 38:1268-1272. [PMID: 31730388 DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.02232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Harkins RA, Patel SP, Flowers CR. Cost burden of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2019; 19:645-661. [PMID: 31623476 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2019.1680288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is a clinically heterogeneous disease. Treatment pathways for DLBCL are diverse and integrate established and novel therapies.Areas covered: We review the cost burden of DLBCL and the cost-effectiveness of DLBCL management including precision and cellular medicine. We utilized Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms and keywords to search the National Library of Medicine online MEDLINE database (PubMed) for articles related to cost, cost burden, and cost-of-illness of DLBCL and cost-effectiveness of DLBCL management strategies published in English as of June 2019.Expert commentary: Available and developing DLBCL therapies offer improved outcomes and often curative treatment at considerable financial expense, and the total cost burden for DLBCL management is substantial for patients and the healthcare system. In the era of personalized medicine, CAR T cells and targeted therapies provide exciting avenues for current and future DLBCL care and can further increase treatment cost. Determinations of cost and cost-effectiveness in DLBCL treatment pathways should continue to guide care providers and systems in identifying cost reduction strategies to provide appropriate therapies to the greatest number of patients in treating DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Andrew Harkins
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sharvil P Patel
- Department of Quantitative Theories and Methods, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christopher R Flowers
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Research Informatics Shared Resource Emory University School of Medicine Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Mau LW, Meyer C, Burns LJ, Saber W, Steinert P, Vanness DJ, Preussler JM, Silver A, Leppke S, Murphy EA, Denzen E. Reimbursement, Utilization, and 1-Year Survival Post-Allogeneic Transplantation for Medicare Beneficiaries With Acute Myeloid Leukemia. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2019; 3:pkz048. [PMID: 31750417 PMCID: PMC6845850 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkz048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The economics of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) affects clinical practice and public policy. To assess reimbursement, utilization, and overall survival (OS) up to 1 year post-alloHCT for Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older with AML, a unique merged dataset of Medicare claims and national alloHCT registry data was analyzed. Methods Patients diagnosed with AML undergoing alloHCT from 2010 to 2011 were included for a retrospective cohort analysis with generalized linear model adjustment. One-year post-alloHCT reimbursement included Medicare, secondary payer, and beneficiary copayments (no coinsurance) (inflation adjusted to 2017 dollars). Cost-to-charge ratios were applied to estimate department-specific inpatient costs. Cox proportional hazards regression models were utilized to identify risk factors of 1-year OS post-alloHCT. Results A total of 250 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean total reimbursement was $230 815 (95% confidence interval [CI] = $214 381 to $247 249) 1 year after alloHCT. Pharmacy was the most- costly inpatient service category. Adjusted mean total reimbursement was statistically higher for patients who received cord blood grafts (P = .01), myeloablative conditioning (P < .0001), and alloHCT in the Northeast and West (P = .03). Mortality increased with age (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.0 to 1.17), poorer Karnofsky performance score (<90% vs ≥90%, HR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.08 to 2.35), and receipt of myeloablative conditioning (HR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.21 to 2.92). Conclusions This merged dataset allowed adjustment for a richer set of patient- and HCT-related characteristics than claims data alone. The finding that nonmyeloablative conditioning was associated with lower reimbursement and improved OS 1 year post-alloHCT warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lih-Wen Mau
- See the Notes section for the full list of authors' affiliations
| | - Christa Meyer
- See the Notes section for the full list of authors' affiliations
| | - Linda J Burns
- See the Notes section for the full list of authors' affiliations
| | - Wael Saber
- See the Notes section for the full list of authors' affiliations
| | | | - David J Vanness
- See the Notes section for the full list of authors' affiliations
| | | | - Alicia Silver
- See the Notes section for the full list of authors' affiliations
| | - Susan Leppke
- See the Notes section for the full list of authors' affiliations
| | | | - Ellen Denzen
- See the Notes section for the full list of authors' affiliations
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Bewersdorf JP, Shallis RM, Wang R, Huntington SF, Perreault S, Ma X, Zeidan AM. Healthcare expenses for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev Hematol 2019; 12:641-650. [DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2019.1627869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Bewersdorf
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rory M. Shallis
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rong Wang
- Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy, and Effectiveness Research (COPPER) Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Scott F. Huntington
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy, and Effectiveness Research (COPPER) Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sarah Perreault
- Department of Pharmacy, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy, and Effectiveness Research (COPPER) Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Amer M. Zeidan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy, and Effectiveness Research (COPPER) Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Taylor M, Khan S, Stapleton M, Wang J, Chen J, Wynn R, Yabe H, Chinen Y, Boelens JJ, Mason RW, Kubaski F, Horovitz DDG, Barth AL, Serafini M, Bernardo ME, Kobayashi H, Orii KE, Suzuki Y, Orii T, Tomatsu S. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Mucopolysaccharidoses: Past, Present, and Future. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019; 25:e226-e246. [PMID: 30772512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has proven to be a viable treatment option for a selected group of patients with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), including those with MPS types I, II, IVA, VI, and VII. Early diagnosis and timely referral to an expert in MPS are critical, followed by a complete examination and evaluation by a multidisciplinary team, including a transplantation physician. Treatment recommendations for MPS are based on multiple biological, sociological, and financial factors, including type of MPS, clinical severity, prognosis, present clinical signs and symptoms (disease stage), age at onset, rate of progression, family factors and expectations, financial burden, feasibility, availability, risks and benefits of available therapies such as HSCT, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), surgical interventions, and other supportive care. International collaboration and data review are critical to evaluating the therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects of HSCT for MPS. Collaborative efforts to assess HSCT for MPS have been ongoing since the first attempt at HSCT in a patient with MPS reported in 1981. The accumulation of data since then has made it possible to identify early outcomes (ie, transplantation outcomes) and long-term disease-specific outcomes resulting from HSCT. The recent identification of predictive factors and the development of innovative regimens have significantly improved the outcomes of both engraftment failure and transplantation-related mortality. Assessment of long-term outcomes has considered a variety of factors, including type of MPS, type of graft, age at transplantation, and stage of disease progression, among others. Studies on long-term outcomes are considered a key factor in the use of HSCT in patients with MPS. These studies have shown the effects and limitations of HSCT on improving disease manifestations and quality of life. In this review, we summarize the efficacy, side effects, risks, and cost of HSCT for each type of MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Taylor
- Department of Biomedical, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware; Deparment of Biological Science, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Shaukat Khan
- Department of Biomedical, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Molly Stapleton
- Department of Biomedical, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware; Deparment of Biological Science, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Robert Wynn
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Cell Therapy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hiromasa Yabe
- Department of Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Yasutsugu Chinen
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Jaap Jan Boelens
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Robert W Mason
- Department of Biomedical, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware; Deparment of Biological Science, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Francyne Kubaski
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de ClÃnicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology- Program Partnership Graduate in Genetics and Molecular Biology (PPGBM), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), and National Institute of Populational Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Dafne D G Horovitz
- Medical Genetics Department, National Institute of Women, Children, and Adolescent Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anneliese L Barth
- Medical Genetics Department, National Institute of Women, Children, and Adolescent Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Serafini
- Department of Pediatrics, Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Hironori Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kenji E Orii
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Suzuki
- Medical Education Development Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tadao Orii
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shunji Tomatsu
- Department of Biomedical, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware; Department of Pediatrics, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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27
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Mehta RS, Rezvani K, Shpall EJ. Cord Blood Expansion: A Clinical Advance. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37:363-366. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.18.01789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Shah GL, Majhail N, Khera N, Giralt S. Value-Based Care in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy: Challenges and Opportunities. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2018; 13:125-134. [PMID: 29484578 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-018-0444-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Improved tolerability and outcomes after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), along with the availability of alternative donors, have expanded its use. With this growth, and the development of additional cellular therapies, we also aim to increase effectiveness, efficiency, and the quality of the care provided. Fundamentally, the goal of value-based care is to have better health outcomes with streamlined processes, improved patient experience, and lower costs for both the patients and the health care system. HCT and cellular therapy treatments are multiphase treatments which allow for interventions at each juncture. RECENT FINDINGS We present a summary of the current literature with focus on program structure and overall system capacity, coordination of therapy across providers, standardization across institutions, diversity and disparities in care, patient quality of life, and cost implications. Each of these topics provides challenges and opportunities to improve value-based care for HCT and cellular therapy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan L Shah
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Box 298, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Navneet Majhail
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nandita Khera
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Sergio Giralt
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Box 298, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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Wo SR, Largent EA, Brosco J, Rosenberg AR, Goodman KW, Lantos JD. Should Foreigners Get Costly Lifesaving Treatments in the United States? Pediatrics 2018; 142:peds.2018-0175. [PMID: 30279236 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many foreign parents bring their children to the United States for medical treatments that are unavailable in their own country. Often, however, parents cannot afford expensive treatments. Doctors and hospitals then face a dilemma. Is it ethically permissible to consider the patient's citizenship and ability to pay? In this Ethics Rounds, we present a case in which a child from another country needs an expensive treatment. His parents cannot afford the treatment. He has come to a public hospital in the United States. We present responses from experts in pediatrics, bioethics, and health policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane R Wo
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Emily A Largent
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey Brosco
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
| | - Abby R Rosenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kenneth W Goodman
- Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; and
| | - John D Lantos
- Children's Mercy Bioethics Center, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
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30
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Khera N, Hamilton BK, Pidala JA, Wood WA, Wu V, Voutsinas J, Onstad L, Alousi AM, Broady R, Chen GL, Arora M, Cutler C, Flowers ME, Ganetsky A, Jagasia M, McCarthy PL, Sarantopoulos S, Abel GA, Majhail NS, Lee SJ. Employment, Insurance, and Financial Experiences of Patients with Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease in North America. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018; 25:599-605. [PMID: 30296479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the socioeconomic impact of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) on affected patients is essential to help improve their overall well-being. Using data from the Chronic GVHD Consortium, we describe the insurance, employment, and financial challenges faced by these patients and the factors associated with the ability to work/attend school and associated financial burdens. A 15-item cross-sectional questionnaire designed to measure financial concerns, income, employment, and insurance was completed by 190 patients (response rate, 68%; 10 centers) enrolled on a multicenter Chronic GVHD Consortium Response Measures Validation Study. Multivariable logistic regression models examined the factors associated with financial burden and ability to work/attend school. The median age of respondents was 56years, and 87% of the patients were white. A higher proportion of nonrespondents had lower income before hematopoietic cell transplantation and less than a college degree. All but 1 patient had insurance, 34% had faced delayed/denied insurance coverage for chronic GVHD treatments, and 66% reported a financial burden. Patients with a financial burden had greater depression/anxiety and difficulty sleeping. Nonwhite race, lower mental functioning, and lower activity score were associated with a greater likelihood of financial burden. Younger age, early risk disease, and higher mental functioning were associated with a greater likelihood of being able to work/attend school. In this multicenter cohort of patients with chronic GVHD, significant negative effects on finances were observed even with health insurance coverage. Future research should investigate potential interventions to provide optimal and affordable care to at-risk patients and prevent long-term adverse financial outcomes in this vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Khera
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona.
| | - Betty K Hamilton
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Joseph A Pidala
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - William A Wood
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Vicky Wu
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jenna Voutsinas
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lynn Onstad
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Amin M Alousi
- The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Raewyn Broady
- Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - George L Chen
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Mukta Arora
- Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Corey Cutler
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary E Flowers
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Alex Ganetsky
- Hematology/BMT, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Madan Jagasia
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Philip L McCarthy
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Stefanie Sarantopoulos
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Gregory A Abel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Navneet S Majhail
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Stephanie J Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
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Rivera Franco MM, Leon Rodriguez E. Importance of Nongovernmental Organizations for the Establishment of a Successful Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation Program in a Developing Country. J Glob Oncol 2018; 4:1-8. [PMID: 30241235 PMCID: PMC6223420 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.17.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In low- and middle-income countries with limited resources, the success of a hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) program relies directly on its affordability while obtaining similar outcomes to developed regions. The objective of this study was to describe the experience of a tertiary/referral center in Mexico City performing HSCT with the subsidy of a nongovernmental organization (NGO). Patients and Methods We performed a retrospective analysis including 146 patients who underwent HSCT at the National Institutes of Health Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran and were subsidized by the NGO Unidos. Results Seventy-five patients (51%) and 71 patients (49%) underwent autologous and allogeneic HSCT, respectively. The median age was 30 years, 56% did not obtain a bachelor’s degree, 79% had a low socioeconomic level, and 75% were unemployed. None had any health coverage. According to the real patient out-of-pocket expense, the subsidy by Unidos corresponded to 88% and 72% in autologous and allogeneic HSCT, respectively. Conclusion Our results highlight that undergoing an HSCT was feasible for vulnerable patients because of the subsidy of medications and chemotherapy by Unidos. Therefore, creating NGOs in developing countries is important to provide complex medical procedures, such as HSCT, at limited-resource centers to underserved populations while obtaining good outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica M Rivera Franco
- All authors: Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eucario Leon Rodriguez
- All authors: Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
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Radojcic V, Lee CJ, Couriel DR. Multifaceted Burden of Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018; 24:1774-1775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Steroid Refractory Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018; 24:1920-1927. [PMID: 29550629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Given the increasing incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) and its rapidly escalating costs due to many lines of drug treatments, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis to assess the comparative effectiveness of various treatment options. Using these results, we then conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis for the frequently utilized agents in steroid-refractory cGVHD. We searched for studies examining tacrolimus, sirolimus, rituximab, ruxolitinib, hydroxychloroquine, imatinib, bortezomib, ibrutinib, extracorporeal photopheresis, pomalidomide, and methotrexate. Studies with a median follow-up period shorter than 6 months and enrolling fewer than 5 patients were excluded. Meta-analysis for overall and organ system-specific GVHD response (overall response [ORR], complete response [CR], and partial response [PR]) was conducted for each intervention. Cost per CR and cost per CR + PR were calculated as the quotient of the 6-month direct treatment cost by CR and CR + PR. Forty-one studies involving 1047 patients were included. CR rates ranged from 7% to 30% with rituximab and methotrexate, respectively, and ORR ranged from 30% to 85% with tacrolimus and ruxolitinib, respectively. Cost per CR ranged from US$1,187,657 with ruxolitinib to US$680 with methotrexate. Cost per ORR ranged from US$453 for methotrexate to US$242,236 for ibrutinib. The most cost-effective strategy was methotrexate for all of the organ systems. Pomalidomide was found to be the least cost-effective treatment for eye, gastrointestinal, fascia/joint, skin, and oral GVHD, and imatinib was found to be the least cost-effective treatment for liver and extracorporeal photopheresis for lung GVHD. We observed huge cost-effectiveness differences among available agents. Attention to economic issues when treating cGVHD is important to recommend how treatments should be sequenced, knowing that many patients will cycle through available agents.
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Cost-effectiveness analysis of haploidentical vs matched unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation in patients older than 55 years. Bone Marrow Transplant 2018. [PMID: 29523885 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-018-0133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Due to limited donor availability, high comorbidities, and cost issues, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant is not universally accessible. The aim of this study was to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of haploidentical vs matched unrelated transplant. This retrospective study included patients with hematological malignancies older than 55 years who underwent haploidentical or matched unrelated transplant between 2011 and 2013 in Marseille. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio has been calculated using the mean overall survival and the mean transplant costs. Costs were calculated using a micro-costing strategy from the hospital perspective and a time horizon at 2 years. Haploidentical transplant was considered an innovative procedure and matched unrelated transplant as the reference. Probabilistic and sensitivity analyses were performed on the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. During inclusion, 29 patients underwent haploidentical transplant and 63 matched unrelated transplant. In haploidentical and matched unrelated transplant, the mean overall survival was 19.4 (1.6) months and 15.1 (1.2) months (p = 0.06), respectively, and the mean cost was 98,304 (40,872) € and 151,373 (65,742) € (p < 0.01), respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was assessed to -148,485 (-1,265,550; -64,368) € per life year gained. Among older patients suffering from hematological malignancies, haploidentical transplant seemed in our analysis to be cost-effective compared with matched unrelated transplant.
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35
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Cost-utility of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Norway. Bone Marrow Transplant 2018; 53:657-660. [DOI: 10.1038/s41409-018-0091-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Ramprakash S, Agarwal R, Dhanya R, Marwah P, Soni R, Yaqub N, Fatima I, Zhara T, Gooneratne L, Williams S, Khalid S, Sen S, Kanwar V, Faulkner L. Low-cost matched sibling bone marrow transplant for standard-risk thalassemia in a limited-resource setting. PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY ONCOLOGY JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Bonafede M, Richhariya A, Cai Q, Josephson NC, McMorrow D, Garfin PM, Perales MA. Real-world economic burden of hematopoietic cell transplantation among a large US commercially insured population with hematologic malignancies. J Med Econ 2017; 20:1244-1251. [PMID: 28782449 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2017.1364648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Approximately 20,000 hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) procedures are performed in the US annually. This study aims to study the healthcare resource utilization and costs among commercially-insured patients with hematologic malignancies who received autologous HCT (auto-HCT) and allogeneic HCT (allo-HCT) in the US. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing auto- or allo-HCT between January 1, 2011 and June 30, 2014 were identified in the Truven Health MarketScan Research Databases. Patients with 12 months of continuous pharmacy and medical enrollment pre- and post-HCT were included. Patients with prior HCT were excluded. Controls were selected from patients without any claims for HCT and matched with HCT recipients in a 3:1 ratio based on age, gender, insurance type, and Deyo-Charlson Comorbidity Index categories. Total healthcare resource uses and costs were compared between auto- or allo-HCT recipients and controls. RESULTS In total, 10,527 patients (HCT, n = 2,672 vs control, n = 7,855) were included, with the majority of HCT recipients (63.6%) undergoing auto-HCT. During the 6-month pre-index and 12-month post-index period, auto-HCT recipients incurred $313,562 (p < .01) higher all-cause costs than controls, attributable to inpatient admission (54.1%), outpatient services (33.4%), and prescriptions (12.5%). The all-cause costs for allo-HCT recipients were $621,895 (p < .01) higher vs controls during the 18-month observation period, attributable to inpatient admissions (75.5%), outpatient services (22.1%), and prescriptions (2.4%). CONCLUSIONS The use of HCT among patients with hematologic malignancies is associated with considerable economic burden in direct healthcare costs in a commercially insured population. Incremental costs for HCT recipients were mainly driven by costs related to hospitalization and other medical services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machaon Bonafede
- a Truven Health Analytics, an IBM company , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | | | - Qian Cai
- a Truven Health Analytics, an IBM company , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | | | - Donna McMorrow
- a Truven Health Analytics, an IBM company , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | - Phillip M Garfin
- c Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Department of Medicine , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
| | - Miguel-Angel Perales
- c Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Department of Medicine , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
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Broder MS, Quock TP, Chang E, Reddy SR, Agarwal-Hashmi R, Arai S, Villa KF. The Cost of Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation in the United States. AMERICAN HEALTH & DRUG BENEFITS 2017; 10:366-374. [PMID: 29263771 PMCID: PMC5726064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) requires highly specialized, resource-intensive care. Myeloablative conditioning regimens used before HSCT generally require inpatient stays and are more intensive than other preparative regimens, and may therefore be more costly. OBJECTIVE To estimate the costs associated with inpatient HSCT according to the type of the conditioning regimen used and other potential contributors to the overall cost of the procedure. METHOD We used data from the Truven Health MarketScan insurance claims database to analyze healthcare costs for pediatric (age <18 years) and adult (age ≥18 years) patients who had autologous or allogeneic inpatient HSCT between January 1, 2010, and September 23, 2013. We developed an algorithm to determine whether conditioning regimens were myeloablative or nonmyeloablative/reduced intensity. RESULTS We identified a sample of 1562 patients who had inpatient HSCT during the study period for whom the transplant type and the conditioning regimen were determinable: 398 patients had myeloablative allogeneic HSCT; 195 patients had nonmyeloablative/reduced-intensity allogeneic HSCT; and 969 patients had myeloablative autologous HSCT. The median total healthcare cost at 100 days was $289,283 for the myeloablative allogeneic regimen cohort compared with $253,467 for the nonmyeloablative/reduced-intensity allogeneic regimen cohort, and $140,792 for the myeloablative autologous regimen cohort. The mean hospital length of stay for the index (first claim of) HSCT was 35.6 days in the myeloablative allogeneic regimen cohort, 26.6 days in the nonmyeloablative/reduced-intensity allogeneic cohort, and 21.8 days in the myeloablative autologous regimen cohort. CONCLUSION Allogeneic HSCT was more expensive than autologous HSCT, regardless of the regimen used. Myeloablative conditioning regimens led to higher overall costs than nonmyeloablative/reduced-intensity regimens in the allogeneic HSCT cohort, indicating a greater cost burden associated with inpatient services for higher-intensity preparative conditioning regimens. Pediatric patients had higher costs than adult patients. Future research should involve validating the algorithm for identifying conditioning regimens using clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Broder
- President and CEO, Partnership for Health Analytic Research, Beverly Hills, CA
| | - Tiffany P Quock
- Associate Director, Health Economics & Outcomes Research, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA, during this study
| | - Eunice Chang
- Chief Statistician, Partnership for Health Analytic Research
| | - Sheila R Reddy
- Director, Health Services Research, Partnership for Health Analytic Research
| | - Rajni Agarwal-Hashmi
- Associate Professor, Pediatrics (Stem Cell Transplantation), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Sally Arai
- Associate Professor, Medicine (Blood and Marrow Transplantation), Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Kathleen F Villa
- Executive Director, Health Economics & Outcomes Research, Jazz Pharmaceuticals
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Gajewski JL, McClellan MB, Majhail NS, Hari PN, Bredeson CN, Maziarz RT, LeMaistre CF, Lill MC, Farnia SH, Komanduri KV, Boo MJ. Payment and Care for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Patients: Toward a Specialized Medical Home for Complex Care Patients. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2017; 24:4-12. [PMID: 28963077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Patient-centered medical home models are fundamental to the advanced alternative payment models defined in the Medicare Access and Children's Health Insurance Plan Reauthorization Act (MACRA). The patient-centered medical home is a model of healthcare delivery supported by alternative payment mechanisms and designed to promote coordinated medical care that is simultaneously patient-centric and population-oriented. This transformative care model requires shifting reimbursement to include a per-patient payment intended to cover services not previously reimbursed such as disease management over time. Payment is linked to quality measures, including proportion of care delivered according to predefined pathways and demonstrated impact on outcomes. Some medical homes also include opportunities for shared savings by reducing overall costs of care. Recent proposals have suggested expanding the medical home model to specialized populations with complex needs because primary care teams may not have the facilities or the requisite expertise for their unique needs. An example of a successful care model that may provide valuable lessons for those creating specialty medical home models already exists in many hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) centers that deliver multidisciplinary, coordinated, and highly specialized care. The integration of care delivery in HCT centers has been driven by the specialty care their patients require and by the payment methodology preferred by the commercial payers, which has included bundling of both inpatient and outpatient care in the peritransplant interval. Commercial payers identify qualified HCT centers based on accreditation status and comparative performance, enabled in part by center-level comparative performance data available within a national outcomes database mandated by the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005. Standardization across centers has been facilitated via voluntary accreditation implemented by Foundation for the Accreditation of Cell Therapy. Payers have built on these community-established programs and use public outcomes and program accreditation as standards necessary for inclusion in specialty care networks and contracts. Although HCT centers have not been described as medical homes, most HCT providers have already developed the structures that address critical requirements of MACRA for medical homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Gajewski
- Department of Health Policy and Strategic Relations, American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Mark B McClellan
- Duke University Margolis Center for Health Policy, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Navneet S Majhail
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Parameswaran N Hari
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplantation Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | | - Richard T Maziarz
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Michael C Lill
- Stem Cell and Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Stephanie H Farnia
- Department of Health Policy and Strategic Relations, American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Krishna V Komanduri
- Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Program, Division of Hematology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Michael J Boo
- National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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40
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Maziarz RT, Hao Y, Guerin A, Gauthier G, Gauthier-Loiselle M, Thomas SK, Eldjerou L. Economic burden following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:1133-1142. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1375100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard T. Maziarz
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Knight Cancer Institute Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR, USA
| | - Yanni Hao
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Simu K. Thomas
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Lamis Eldjerou
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
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41
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Patient-centered care coordination in hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood Adv 2017; 1:1617-1627. [PMID: 29296802 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017008789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is an expensive, resource-intensive, and medically complicated modality for treatment of many hematologic disorders. A well-defined care coordination model through the continuum can help improve health care delivery for this high-cost, high-risk medical technology. In addition to the patients and their families, key stakeholders include not only the transplantation physicians and care teams (including subspecialists), but also hematologists/oncologists in private and academic-affiliated practices. Initial diagnosis and care, education regarding treatment options including HCT, timely referral to the transplantation center, and management of relapse and late medical or psychosocial complications after HCT are areas where the referring hematologists/oncologists play a significant role. Payers and advocacy and community organizations are additional stakeholders in this complex care continuum. In this article, we describe a care coordination framework for patients treated with HCT within the context of coordination issues in care delivery and stakeholders involved. We outline the challenges in implementing such a model and describe a simplified approach at the level of the individual practice or center. This article also highlights ongoing efforts from physicians, medical directors, payer representatives, and patient advocates to help raise awareness of and develop access to adequate tools and resources for the oncology community to deliver well-coordinated care to patients treated with HCT. Lastly, we set the stage for policy changes around appropriate reimbursement to cover all aspects of care coordination and generate successful buy-in from all stakeholders.
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42
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Leon Rodriguez E, Rivera Franco MM. Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation at a Limited-Resource Center in Mexico Are Comparable to Those in Developed Countries. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2017; 23:1998-2003. [PMID: 28733265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The first hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in Mexico was performed at our institution in 1980. Eighteen years later, our HSCT program was restructured to reduce transplantation-related mortality (TRM) and improve overall survival (OS). The aim of this study was to describe outcomes of HSCT at our institution despite limited resources. Consecutive patients undergoing HSCT, from November 1998 to February 2017, were retrospectively analyzed at the National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran in Mexico City. Three hundred nine HSCT (59% autologous) were performed in 275 patients. From 114 patients (41%) undergoing an allogeneic HSCT, acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease developed in 21% and 33%, respectively. From the entire cohort, 98 patients relapsed after HSCT and at the last follow-up, 183 (67%) patients were alive. The 100-day TRM rates were 1.9% and 6.1% for autologous and allogeneic HSCT, respectively. Ten-year relapse/progression-free survival were 54% and 65%, for autologous and allogeneic HSCT, respectively. Ten-year OS rates in autologous and allogeneic HSCT were 61% and 57%, respectively. We highlight that HSCT is feasible in developing countries, despite financial and infrastructure limitations, and conclude that our results are comparable to international literature and probably better in terms of TRM and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eucario Leon Rodriguez
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Monica M Rivera Franco
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
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Rivera-Franco MM, Leon-Rodriguez E, Castro-Saldaña HL. Costs of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a developing country. Int J Hematol 2017; 106:573-580. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-017-2278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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44
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Preussler JM, Meyer CL, Mau LW, Majhail NS, Denzen EM, Edsall KC, Farnia SH, Saber W, Burns LJ, Vanness DJ. Healthcare Costs and Utilization for Patients Age 50 to 64 Years with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Chemotherapy or with Chemotherapy and Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2017; 23:1021-1028. [PMID: 28263920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to describe healthcare costs and utilization during the first year after a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for privately insured non-Medicare patients in the United States aged 50 to 64 years who were treated with either chemotherapy or chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). MarketScan (Truven Health Analytics) adjudicated total payments for inpatient, outpatient, and prescription drug claims from 2007 to 2011 were used to estimate costs from the health system perspective. Stabilized inverse propensity score weights were constructed using logistic regression to account for differential selection of alloHCT over chemotherapy. Weighted generalized linear models adjusted costs and utilization (hospitalizations, inpatient days, and outpatient visit-days) for differences in age, sex, diagnosis year, region, insurance plan type, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index), and 60-day prediagnosis costs. Because mortality data were not available, models could not be adjusted for survival times. Among 29,915 patients with a primary diagnosis of AML, 985 patients met inclusion criteria (774 [79%] receiving chemotherapy alone and 211 [21%] alloHCT). Adjusted mean 1-year costs were $280,788 for chemotherapy and $544,178 for alloHCT. Patients receiving chemotherapy alone had a mean of 4 hospitalizations, 52.9 inpatient days, and 52.4 outpatient visits in the year after AML diagnosis; patients receiving alloHCT had 5 hospitalizations, 92.5 inpatient days, and 74.5 outpatient visits. Treating AML in the first year after diagnosis incurs substantial healthcare costs and utilization with chemotherapy alone and with alloHCT. Our analysis informs healthcare providers, policymakers, and payers so they can better understand treatment costs and utilization for privately insured patients aged 50 to 64 with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christa L Meyer
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Lih-Wen Mau
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Navneet S Majhail
- Blood & Marrow Transplant Program, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ellen M Denzen
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kristen C Edsall
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Wael Saber
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Linda J Burns
- National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - David J Vanness
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
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Reprint of: Long-Term Survivorship after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Roadmap for Research and Care. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2017; 23:S1-S9. [PMID: 28236836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The number of survivors after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is expected to dramatically increase over the next decade. Significant and unique challenges confront survivors for decades after their underlying indication (malignancy or marrow failure) has been cured by HCT. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Late Effects Consensus Conference in June 2016 brought together international experts in the field to plan the next phase of survivorship efforts. Working groups laid out the roadmap for collaborative research and health care delivery. Potentially lethal late effects (cardiac/vascular, subsequent neoplasms, and infectious), patient-centered outcomes, health care delivery, and research methodology are highlighted here. Important recommendations from the NIH Consensus Conference provide fresh perspectives for the future. As HCT evolves into a safer and higher-volume procedure, this marks a time for concerted action to ensure that no survivor is left behind.
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46
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Battiwalla M, Tichelli A, Majhail NS. Long-Term Survivorship after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Roadmap for Research and Care. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2017; 23:184-192. [PMID: 27818318 PMCID: PMC5237604 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The number of survivors after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is expected to dramatically increase over the next decade. Significant and unique challenges confront survivors for decades after their underlying indication (malignancy or marrow failure) has been cured by HCT. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Late Effects Consensus Conference in June 2016 brought together international experts in the field to plan the next phase of survivorship efforts. Working groups laid out the roadmap for collaborative research and health care delivery. Potentially lethal late effects (cardiac/vascular, subsequent neoplasms, and infectious), patient-centered outcomes, health care delivery, and research methodology are highlighted here. Important recommendations from the NIH Consensus Conference provide fresh perspectives for the future. As HCT evolves into a safer and higher-volume procedure, this marks a time for concerted action to ensure that no survivor is left behind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoo Battiwalla
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | | | - Navneet S Majhail
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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47
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Reid RM, Baran A, Friedberg JW, Phillips GL, Liesveld JL, Becker MW, Wedow L, Barr PM, Milner LA. Outpatient administration of BEAM conditioning prior to autologous stem cell transplantation for lymphoma is safe, feasible, and cost-effective. Cancer Med 2016; 5:3059-3067. [PMID: 27699999 PMCID: PMC5119960 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-dose BEAM chemotherapy (BCNU, etoposide, Ara-C, and melphalan) followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is frequently used as consolidative therapy for patients with recurrent or refractory Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The BEAM regimen has traditionally been administered over 6 days in the hospital, with patients remaining hospitalized until hematologic recovery and clinical stability. In an effort to reduce the length of hospitalization for these patients, our institution has transitioned from inpatient (IP) to outpatient (OP) administration of BEAM conditioning. Here, we report the results of an analysis of the feasibility, cost, complications, and outcomes for the initial group of patients who received OP BEAM compared to a prior cohort of patients who received IP BEAM. Patient and disease characteristics were comparable for the two cohorts, as were engraftment kinetics. Length of hospital stay was reduced by 6 days for the OP cohort (P < 0.001), resulting in a cost savings of more than $17,000 per patient. Fewer complications occurred in the OP cohort, including severe enteritis (P = 0.01), organ toxicities (P = 0.01), and infections (P = 0.04). Overall survival rate up to 3 years posttransplant was better for the OP cohort (P = 0.02), likely due to differences in posttransplant therapies. We conclude that OP administration of BEAM conditioning is safe and may offer significant advantages, including decreased length of hospitalization, reduced costs, decreased risks for severe toxicities and infectious complications, and likely improvement in patient satisfaction and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M. Reid
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute and Department of MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew York
- Rochester Regional HealthRochesterNew York
| | - Andrea Baran
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute and Department of MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew York
| | - Jonathan W. Friedberg
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute and Department of MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew York
| | - Gordon L. Phillips
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute and Department of MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew York
- Wake Forest Baptist HealthWinston‐SalemNorth Carolina
| | - Jane L. Liesveld
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute and Department of MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew York
| | - Michael W. Becker
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute and Department of MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew York
| | - Lucy Wedow
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute and Department of MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew York
| | - Paul M. Barr
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute and Department of MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew York
| | - Laurie A. Milner
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute and Department of MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew York
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew York
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48
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Hashmi SK, Bredeson C, Duarte RF, Farnia S, Ferrey S, Fitzhugh C, Flowers MED, Gajewski J, Gastineau D, Greenwald M, Jagasia M, Martin P, Rizzo JD, Schmit-Pokorny K, Majhail NS. National Institutes of Health Blood and Marrow Transplant Late Effects Initiative: The Healthcare Delivery Working Group Report. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2016; 23:717-725. [PMID: 27713091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) survivors are at risk for development of late complications and require lifelong monitoring for screening and prevention of late effects. There is an increasing appreciation of the issues related to healthcare delivery and coverage faced by HCT survivors. The 2016 National Institutes of Health Blood and Marrow Transplant Late Effects Initiative included an international and broadly representative Healthcare Delivery Working Group that was tasked with identifying research gaps pertaining to healthcare delivery and to identify initiatives that may yield a better understanding of the long-term value and costs of care for HCT survivors. There is a paucity of literature in this area. Critical areas in need of research include pilot studies of novel and information technology supported models of care delivery and coverage for HCT survivors along with development and validation of instruments that capture patient-reported outcomes. Investment in infrastructure to support this research, such as linkage of databases including electronic health records and routine inclusion of endpoints that will inform analyses focused around care delivery and coverage, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher Bredeson
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rafael F Duarte
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Mary E D Flowers
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | | | | | | | - J Douglas Rizzo
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Maziarz RT, Guérin A, Gauthier G, Heroux J, Zhdanava M, Wu EQ, Thomas SK, Chen L. Five-year direct costs of acute lymphoblastic leukemia pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant. Int J Hematol Oncol 2016; 5:63-75. [PMID: 30302205 DOI: 10.2217/ijh-2016-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the 5-year healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and direct payer costs following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCTs) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia pediatric patients using data from two large US administrative databases. Patients & methods Among the 209 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, HRU and costs were described over the up to 5 years after the HSCT. Results HRU and costs following the HSCTs were substantial. The highest average costs and most intensive HRU were observed within the first year following the HSCTs (49 outpatient visits; 29 laboratory service visits; 68 inpatient days), with a first year cost of US$683,099 and substantial costs over the following years. Conclusion HRU and direct costs associated with allogeneic HSCTs are substantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard T Maziarz
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA.,Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Annie Guérin
- Analysis Group Inc., 1000 De La Gauchetière Ouest, Bureau 1200, Montréal, QC H3B 4W5, Canada.,Analysis Group Inc., 1000 De La Gauchetière Ouest, Bureau 1200, Montréal, QC H3B 4W5, Canada
| | - Geneviève Gauthier
- Analysis Group Inc., 1000 De La Gauchetière Ouest, Bureau 1200, Montréal, QC H3B 4W5, Canada.,Analysis Group Inc., 1000 De La Gauchetière Ouest, Bureau 1200, Montréal, QC H3B 4W5, Canada
| | - Julie Heroux
- Analysis Group Inc., 1000 De La Gauchetière Ouest, Bureau 1200, Montréal, QC H3B 4W5, Canada.,Analysis Group Inc., 1000 De La Gauchetière Ouest, Bureau 1200, Montréal, QC H3B 4W5, Canada
| | - Maryia Zhdanava
- Analysis Group Inc., 1000 De La Gauchetière Ouest, Bureau 1200, Montréal, QC H3B 4W5, Canada.,Analysis Group Inc., 1000 De La Gauchetière Ouest, Bureau 1200, Montréal, QC H3B 4W5, Canada
| | - Eric Q Wu
- Analysis Group Inc., 14th floor, 111 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02199-7668, USA.,Analysis Group Inc., 14th floor, 111 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02199-7668, USA
| | - Simu K Thomas
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ 07936-1080, USA.,Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ 07936-1080, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ 07936-1080, USA.,Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ 07936-1080, USA
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Denzen EM, Thao V, Hahn T, Lee SJ, McCarthy PL, Rizzo JD, Ammi M, Drexler R, Flesch S, James H, Omondi N, Murphy E, Pederson K, Majhail NS. Financial impact of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation on patients and families over 2 years: results from a multicenter pilot study. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 51:1233-40. [PMID: 27088381 PMCID: PMC5014617 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a procedure that can significantly influence the socioeconomic wellbeing of patients, caregivers and their families. Among 30 allogeneic HCT recipients and their caregivers enrolled on a pilot study evaluating the feasibility of studying financial impact of HCT, 16 agreed to participate in the long-term phase, completed a baseline questionnaire and received phone interviews at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post-HCT. Analyses showed that by 2-years post-HCT, 54% of patients who previously contributed to household earnings had not returned to work and 80% of patients/caregivers reported transplant as having moderate to great impact on household income. However, patients’ level of confidence in their ability to meet household financial obligations increased from baseline to 2-years. A relatively large proportion of patients reported inability to pay for medical care through this time period. Case studies demonstrated patient individual perception of financial impact of HCT varies considerably, regardless of actual income. We demonstrate the feasibility of conducting a study to evaluate financial impact of allogeneic HCT through 2-years post-transplantation. Some patients/caregivers continue to experience significant long-term financial burden after this procedure. Our study lays the foundation for a larger evaluation of patient/caregiver financial burden associated with HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Denzen
- National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - V Thao
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - T Hahn
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - S J Lee
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - P L McCarthy
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - J D Rizzo
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M Ammi
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - R Drexler
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S Flesch
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - H James
- National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - N Omondi
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - E Murphy
- National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - K Pederson
- National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - N S Majhail
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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