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Dogaru CB, Duță C, Muscurel C, Stoian I. "Alphabet" Selenoproteins: Implications in Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15344. [PMID: 37895024 PMCID: PMC10607139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins are a group of proteins containing selenium in the form of selenocysteine (Sec, U) as the 21st amino acid coded in the genetic code. Their synthesis depends on dietary selenium uptake and a common set of cofactors. Selenoproteins accomplish diverse roles in the body and cell processes by acting, for example, as antioxidants, modulators of the immune function, and detoxification agents for heavy metals, other xenobiotics, and key compounds in thyroid hormone metabolism. Although the functions of all this protein family are still unknown, several disorders in their structure, activity, or expression have been described by researchers. They concluded that selenium or cofactors deficiency, on the one hand, or the polymorphism in selenoproteins genes and synthesis, on the other hand, are involved in a large variety of pathological conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular, muscular, oncological, hepatic, endocrine, immuno-inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on the specific roles of selenoproteins named after letters of the alphabet in medicine, which are less known than the rest, regarding their implications in the pathological processes of several prevalent diseases and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Corina Muscurel
- Department of Biochemistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania (I.S.)
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Nie Q, Wang C, Zhou L. Association between Serum Selenium Levels and Lipids among People with and without Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3190. [PMID: 37513608 PMCID: PMC10383610 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to examine the association between serum selenium levels and lipids and explore whether the association was modified by diabetic status. A total of 4132 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2016) were included in this study. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the association between serum selenium and lipids. Higher serum selenium levels were significantly associated with increased total cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.001), triglyceride (TG) (p = 0.003), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0.003) in the overall population. Diabetic status interacted with serum selenium for TC and LDL-C (p for interaction = 0.007 and <0.001). Comparing the highest with the lowest tertiles of serum selenium, the multivariate-adjusted β coefficients (95% CIs) were 17.88 (10.89, 24.87) for TC, 13.43 (7.68, 19.18) for LDL-C among subjects without diabetes, but nonsignificant among those with diabetes. In US adults, the serum selenium was positively associated with lipids and the association was modified by diabetic status. Higher serum selenium levels were significantly associated with increased TC and LDL-C among participants without diabetes, but not among participants with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Nie
- Department of Nutrition, Hygiene and Toxicology, Academy of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Changsi Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Hygiene and Toxicology, Academy of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Hygiene and Toxicology, Academy of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
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Abasilim C, Persky V, Turyk ME. Association of Blood Total Mercury with Dyslipidemia in a sample of U.S. Adolescents: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database, 2011-2018. HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ADVANCES 2023; 6:100047. [PMID: 38617034 PMCID: PMC11014419 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2023.100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Abnormal lipid profiles in adolescents predict metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. While seafood consumption is the primary source of mercury exposure, it also provides beneficial nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA). Prior studies indicate that blood total mercury (TBHg) has endocrine disrupting effects and may be associated with abnormal lipid profiles in adolescents. However, the impact of beneficial nutrients on this relationship has not been examined. Our study investigated the relationship of TBHg with dyslipidemia and lipid profiles and potential confounding and modification of these relationships by sex, body mass index (BMI), selenium and O3FA from seafood consumption. Methods We examined 1,390 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants 12-19 years of age from the 2011-2018 cycles. Using logistic and linear regression adjusted for survey design variables and stratified by sex a priori, we estimated the associations of TBHg and methylmercury with dyslipidemia, and with total cholesterol (TC), high (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides. Results The geometric mean of TBHg in this adolescent population was 0.44 μg/L. After controlling for socio-demographic covariates, BMI, serum selenium, age at menarche (females only) and average daily intake of O3FA; TBHg was significantly associated with higher TC levels (β=3.34, 95% CI: 0.19, 6.50; p<0.05) in females but not males. Methyl Hg was also associated with increased TC, as well as decreased HDL-C in females but not males. We did not find significant associations of Hg exposure with dyslipidemia, LDL-C or triglycerides levels in either male or female adolescents. However, we observed evidence of effect modification by BMI and serum selenium for associations of TBHg with TC levels in male and female adolescents, respectively. Conclusion Our findings of elevated TC levels in females but not males necessitates further research to better understand the underlying mechanisms driving these sex-specific associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuzor Abasilim
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Victoria Persky
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Mary E. Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Nie X, Mu G, Guo Y, Yang S, Wang X, Ye Z, Tan Q, Wang M, Zhou M, Ma J, Chen W. Associations of selenium exposure with blood lipids: Exploring mediating DNA methylation sites in general Chinese urban non-smokers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161815. [PMID: 36708841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is widely distributed in the total environment and people are commonly exposed to Se, while the potential effects and mechanisms of Se exposure on blood lipids have not been well established. This study aimed to assess the associations of urinary Se (SeU) with blood lipids and explore the potential mediating DNA methylation sites. We included 2844 non-smoke participants from the second follow-up (2017-2018) of the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort (WHZH) in this study. SeU and blood lipids [i.e., total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)] for all participants were determined. The associations of SeU with blood lipids were analyzed by generalized linear models. Then, we conducted the blood lipids related epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) among 221 never smokers, and the mediation analysis was conducted to explore the potential mediating cytosine-phosphoguanine (CpG) sites in the above associations. In this study, the SeU concentration of the participants in this study was 1.40 (0.94, 2.08) μg/mmol Cr. The SeU was positively associated with TC and LDL, and not associated with TG and HDL. We found 131, 3, and 1 new CpG sites related to TC, HDL, and LDL, respectively. Mediation analyses found that the methylation of cg06964030 (within MIR1306) and cg15824094 (within PLCH2) significantly mediated the positive association between SeU and TC. In conclusion, high levels of Se exposure were associated with increased TC and LDL among non-smokers, and the methylation of MIR1306 and PLCH2 partly mediated Se-associated TC increase. These findings provide new insights into the effects and mechanisms of Se exposure on lipids metabolism and highlight the importance of controlling Se exposure and intake for preventing high blood lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuquan Nie
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ge Mu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yanjun Guo
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Qiyou Tan
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Mengyi Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jixuan Ma
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Selenium and selenoproteins in thermogenic adipocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 731:109445. [PMID: 36265651 PMCID: PMC9981474 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is involved in energy metabolism in the liver, white adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle, and may also play a role in thermogenic adipocytes, i.e. brown and beige adipocytes. Thereby this micronutrient is a key nutritional target to aid in combating obesity and metabolic diseases. In thermogenic adipocytes, particularly in brown adipose tissue (BAT), the selenoprotein type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO2) is essential for the activation of adaptive thermogenesis. Recent evidence has suggested that additional selenoproteins may also be participating in this process, and a role for Se itself through its metabolic pathways is also envisioned. In this review, we discuss the recognized effects and the knowledge gaps in the involvement of Se metabolism and selenoproteins in the mechanisms of adaptive thermogenesis in thermogenic (brown and beige) adipocytes.
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Day K, Seale LA, Graham RM, Cardoso BR. Selenotranscriptome Network in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Nutr 2021; 8:744825. [PMID: 34869521 PMCID: PMC8635790 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.744825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies indicate that selenium may contribute to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Transcriptomic exploration of the aetiology and progression of NAFLD may offer insight into the role selenium plays in this disease. This study compared gene expression levels of known selenoprotein pathways between individuals with a healthy liver to those with NAFLD. Publicly available gene expression databases were searched for studies that measured global gene expression in liver samples from patients with steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and healthy controls (with [HOC] or without [HC] obesity). A subset of five selenoprotein-related pathways (164 genes) were assessed in the four datasets included in this analysis. The gene TXNRD3 was less expressed in both disease groups when compared with HOC. SCLY and SELENOO were less expressed in NASH when compared with HC. SELENOM, DIO1, GPX2, and GPX3 were highly expressed in NASH when compared to HOC. Disease groups had lower expression of iron-associated transporters and higher expression of ferritin-encoding sub-units, consistent with dysregulation of iron metabolism often observed in NAFLD. Our bioinformatics analysis suggests that the NAFLD liver may have lower selenium levels than a disease-free liver, which may be associated with a disrupted iron metabolism. Our findings indicate that gene expression variation may be associated with the progressive risk of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Day
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Lucia A Seale
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Ross M Graham
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Barbara R Cardoso
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
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Fradejas-Villar N, Zhao W, Reuter U, Doengi M, Ingold I, Bohleber S, Conrad M, Schweizer U. Missense mutation in selenocysteine synthase causes cardio-respiratory failure and perinatal death in mice which can be compensated by selenium-independent GPX4. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102188. [PMID: 34794077 PMCID: PMC8605217 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins are a small family of proteins containing the trace element selenium in form of the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec), which is decoded by the UGA codon. In humans, a number of pathogenic variants in genes encoding distinct selenoproteins or selenoprotein biosynthesis factors have been identified. Pathogenic variants in selenocysteine synthase (SEPSECS), which catalyzes the last step in Sec-tRNA[Ser]Sec biosynthesis, were reported in children suffering from progressive cerebello-cerebral atrophy. To understand the pathomechanism associated with SEPSECS deficiency, we generated a novel mouse model recapitulating the respective human pathogenic p.Y334C variant in the murine Sepsecs gene (SepsecsY334C). Unlike in patients, pups homozygous for the p.Y334C variant died perinatally with signs of cardio-respiratory failure. Perinatal death is reminiscent of the Sedaghatian spondylometaphyseal dysplasia disorder in humans, which is caused by pathogenic variants in the gene encoding the selenoprotein and key ferroptosis regulator glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Protein expression levels of distinct selenoproteins in SepsecsY334C/Y334C mice were found to be generally reduced in brain and isolated cortical neurons, while transcriptomics analysis uncovered an upregulation of NRF2-regulated genes. Crossbreeding of SepsecsY334C/Y334C mice with mice harboring a targeted mutation of the catalytically active Sec to Cys in GPX4 rescued perinatal death of SepsecsY334C/Y334C mice, showing that the cardio-respiratory defects of SepsecsY334C/Y334C mice were caused by the lack of GPX4. Like in SepsecsY334C/Y334C mice, selenoprotein expression levels remained low and NRF2-regulated genes remained highly expressed in these compound mutant mice, indicating that selenium-independent GPX4, along with a sustained antioxidant response are sufficient to compensate for dysfunctional Sec-tRNA[Ser]Sec biosynthesis. Our findings imply that children with pathogenic variants in SEPSECS or GPX4 may even benefit from treatments that incompletely compensate for impaired GPX4 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenchao Zhao
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Uschi Reuter
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Doengi
- Institut für Physiologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Irina Ingold
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simon Bohleber
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Ulrich Schweizer
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Zhao M, Luo T, Zhao Z, Rong H, Zhao G, Lei L. Food Chemistry of Selenium and Controversial Roles of Selenium in Affecting Blood Cholesterol Concentrations. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4935-4945. [PMID: 33902277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia, one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, is a worldwide public health problem. Nutraceuticals and phytochemicals are attracting attention as a result of their cholesterol-lowering ability and minimal side effects. Among them, selenium (Se) is on the list. The amount of Se in foods varies by region. Se-enriched fertilizers and feeds can raise the Se content in plants and animals, while some processing methods decrease food Se content. This review summarizes recent studies on (1) the content distribution of Se in foods and factors influencing Se-enriched foods, (2) the bioavailability and metabolism of Se, and (3) the role of Se in affecting blood cholesterol and cholesterol metabolism. Although the hypocholesterolemic effect of Se is equivocal, its cholesterol-lowering activity may be more remarkable when the Se supplementation is 200 μg/day or the baseline blood total cholesterol is above 200 mg/dL in humans with low Se status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Rong
- College of Material and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519085, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Lei
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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Bevinakoppamath S, Saleh Ahmed AM, Ramachandra SC, Vishwanath P, Prashant A. Chemopreventive and Anticancer Property of Selenoproteins in Obese Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:618172. [PMID: 33935708 PMCID: PMC8087246 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.618172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a significant risk factor for various cancers including breast cancer resulting in an increased risk of recurrence as well as morbidity and mortality. Extensive studies on various pathways have been successful in establishing a biological relationship between obesity and breast cancer. The molecular classification of breast cancer includes five groups each having different responses to treatment. Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines seen in obese conditions drive the pro-proliferative pathways, such as the influx of macrophages, angiogenesis, and antiapoptotic pathways. Increased peripheral aromatization of androgens by aromatase increases the circulating estrogen levels which are also responsible for the association of obesity with breast cancer. Also, increased oxidative stress due to chronic low-grade inflammation in obese women plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Despite the availability of safe and effective treatment options for breast cancer, obese women are at increased risk of adverse outcomes including treatment-related toxicities. In the recent decade, selenium compounds have gained substantial interest as chemopreventive and anticancer agents. The chemical derivatives of selenium include inorganic and organic compounds that exhibit pro-oxidant properties and alter cellular redox homeostasis. They target more than one metabolic pathway by thiol modifications, induction of reactive oxygen species, and chromatin modifications to exert their chemopreventive and anticancer activities. The primary functional effectors of selenium that play a significant role in human homeostasis are selenoproteins like glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxin reductase, iodothyronine deiodinases, and selenoprotein P. Selenoproteins play a significant role in adipose tissue physiology by modulating preadipocyte proliferation and adipogenic differentiation. They correlate negatively with body mass index resulting in increased oxidative stress that may lead to carcinogenesis in obese individuals. Methylseleninic acid effectively suppresses aromatase activation thus reducing the estrogen levels and acting as a breast cancer chemopreventive agent. Adipose-derived inflammatory mediators influence the selenium metabolites and affect the proliferation and metastatic properties of cancer cells. Recently selenium nanoparticles have shown potent anticancer activity which may lead to a major breakthrough in the management of cancers caused due to multiple pathways. In this review, we discuss the possible role of selenoproteins as chemopreventive and an anticancer agent in obese breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Bevinakoppamath
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
| | - Adel Mohammed Saleh Ahmed
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
| | - Shobha Chikkavaddaraguddi Ramachandra
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
| | - Prashant Vishwanath
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
| | - Akila Prashant
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
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Zhang X, Xia H, Wang J, Leng R, Zhou X, Gao Q, He K, Liu D, Huang B. Effect of selenium-enriched kiwifruit on body fat reduction and liver protection in hyperlipidaemic mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:2044-2057. [PMID: 33532813 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02410d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of selenium-enriched kiwifruit (Se-Kiwi) on lipid-lowering and liver protection in hyperlipidaemic mice induced by consuming a long-term high-fat diet. Selenium-enriched cultivation can significantly improve the contents of vitamins and functional elements in kiwifruits, especially vitamin C, selenium, and manganese, thus enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Se-Kiwi. Se-Kiwi can significantly improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver of hyperlipidaemic mice, restore the liver morphology of mice close to normal, reduce the fat content in the liver, and inhibit the accumulation of abdominal fat cells. Meanwhile, the expression levels of inflammation-related factors (TNF-α and NF-κB) and lipid synthesis related genes (SREBP-1c and FAS) are inhibited at the gene transcription and protein expression levels, and the expression levels of energy expenditure related genes (PPAR-α and CPT1) are increased, resulting in lipid reductions and liver protection. In conclusion, our results indicate that the protective mechanism of Se-Kiwi on high-fat diet mice is associated with enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, reducing the degree of the inflammatory reaction, inhibiting the fat synthesis, and accelerating body energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Haidong Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ruyue Leng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qian Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Kan He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Bei Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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Yousefi Rad E, Falahi E, Saboori S, Asbaghi O, Birjandi M, Hesami S, Aghayan M. Effect of selenium supplementation on lipid profile levels: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2019.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Fang C, Wu W, Gu X, Dai S, Zhou Q, Deng H, Shen F, Chen J. Association of serum copper, zinc and selenium levels with risk of metabolic syndrome: A nested case-control study of middle-aged and older Chinese adults. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 52:209-215. [PMID: 30732884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements, such as copper, zinc and selenium, have been linked to the development of metabolic syndrome. However, previous studies concerning these trace elements in association with metabolic syndrome have presented conflicting results in different countries. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between serum copper, zinc and selenium concentrations and the risk of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older Chinese adults. We performed a nested case-control study that included 349 individuals who developed metabolic syndrome (125 males and 224 females) during a 3-year follow-up and 349 controls matched by baseline age (±1 years), sex and area. Serum trace element concentrations were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry. The median serum selenium levels in males and females in the metabolic syndrome group were 82.2 (13.4) μg/L and 82.6 (11.1) μg/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than the serum selenium levels in the control group (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratios of risk for metabolic syndrome in the highest tertile of serum selenium levels were 2.72 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-5.20; p for trend 0.002] for males and 5.30 (95% CI 3.31-8.74; p for trend <0.001) for females, respectively, compared with the lowest tertile. In addition, serum selenium levels were positively correlated with postprandial plasma glucose in both genders (for males: odds ratio 2.42; 95% CI 1.27-4.61; for females: odds ratio 2.11; 95% CI 1.32-3.37) and negatively associated with high-density lipoprotein in only females (odds ratio 3.21; 95% CI 1.75-5.91). These results suggest that higher levels of serum selenium might be an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome, especially in relation to elevated postprandial plasma glucose and reduced high-density lipoprotein levels. However, we failed to demonstrate an association between copper or zinc status and metabolic syndrome or its components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Fang
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuejiang Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Dai
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huihui Deng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feixia Shen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Ju W, Ji M, Li X, Li Z, Wu G, Fu X, Yang X, Gao X. Relationship between higher serum selenium level and adverse blood lipid profile. Clin Nutr 2017; 37:1512-1517. [PMID: 28943111 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the key component of glutathione peroxidase with unique antioxidant properties, selenium has been considered to play an important part on lipid metabolism. However, the associations of serum selenium concentrations with lipid concentrations and dyslipidemia are still controversial. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data including serum selenium levels, lipid concentrations and other related indexes of 8198 rural Chinese. Serum selenium was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) of serum were measured with kits. RESULTS Overall, mean serum selenium was 120 μg/l. Multivariate liner regression revealed that selenium concentrations were positively correlated with TC (P < 0.001), HDL-c (P < 0.001), TG (P < 0.001) and LDL-c (P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest quintile of serum selenium, participants in quintile 3, 4 and 5 had higher risks of High-TC dyslipidemia (P ≤ 0.02) and High-LDLC dyslipidemia (P < 0.02) after adjusting for covariates. In the stratified analyses, we found that the selenium-dyslipidemia associations were significantly stronger in post-menopausal women (OR: 2.72; 95% CI: 1.97, 4.17) and diabetics (OR: 9.40; 95% CI: 3.02, 29.26). CONCLUSION Elevated serum selenium levels were correlated with the increased concentrations of TC, LDL-c, HDL-c and TG, and increased the risk of High-TC and High-LDLC dyslipidemia among rural Chinese. However, the real associations between serum selenium and lipid profile should be verified in specifically designed randomized trials in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ju
- Department of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Mei Ji
- Laboratory of Physical and Chemical Inspection, Jinan Municipal Railway Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250119, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Guanrui Wu
- Department of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Fu
- Department of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- Department of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xibao Gao
- Department of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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Juszczuk-Kubiak E, Bujko K, Cymer M, Wicińska K, Gabryszuk M, Pierzchała M. Effect of Inorganic Dietary Selenium Supplementation on Selenoprotein and Lipid Metabolism Gene Expression Patterns in Liver and Loin Muscle of Growing Lambs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 172:336-345. [PMID: 26701332 PMCID: PMC4930946 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0592-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Effect of selenium (Se) supplementation on the selenoprotein and lipid metabolism gene expression patterns in ruminants, especially in lambs is not yet fully understood. The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of Se supplementation on the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression patterns of selected selenoproteins and genes related to lipid metabolism in growing lambs. The experiment was conducted on 48 Polish Merino lambs divided into two groups (n = 24): control (C)-lambs fed with a basal diet (BD) with no Se supplementation, and supplemented (S)-lambs fed with a BD, supplemented with 0.5 mg Se/kg as sodium selenate for 8 weeks. Expression of 12 selenoproteins and six genes related to lipid metabolism was analyzed in the liver and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of growing lambs by qPCR. Significant differences were found in the expression of GPX1, GPX2, SEPM, SEPW1, SEP15, SEPGS2, and TXNRD1 in the liver, and GPX1, SEPP1, SEPN1, SEPW1, SEP15, and MSRB1 in the LD muscle between S and C lambs. Se supplementation mainly upregulated SEPW1, SEP15 (P < 0.001; P < 0.01) mRNA expression in the liver, and GPX1, SEPP1, SEPN1, SEPW1 (P < 0.001; P < 0.01) in the muscle of S group. On the other hand, significant decrease in GPX2 (P < 0.01), SEPM (P < 0.001), and SEPHS2 (P < 0.01) mRNA expression levels were observed in the liver of S group of lambs. Se supplementation did not affect PON1, LXRα, and PPARα mRNA expression levels, but a significant increase in mRNA levels of APOE and LPL in the LD muscle (P < 0.05) as well as LPL (P < 0.05) in the liver were noticed in the group of Se supplemented lambs. Our study confirmed that, in lambs, similarly to other species, mRNA expression patterns of several selenoproteins highly depend on dietary Se levels, and their expression is ruled by hierarchical principles and tissue-specific mechanisms. Moreover, the study showed that changes Se intake leads to different levels of genes expression related with lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak
- Laboratory of Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland.
| | - Kamila Bujko
- Laboratory of Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Monika Cymer
- Laboratory of Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Krystyna Wicińska
- Laboratory of Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Mirosław Gabryszuk
- Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Mariusz Pierzchała
- Department of Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
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Lei XG, Zhu JH, Cheng WH, Bao Y, Ho YS, Reddi AR, Holmgren A, Arnér ESJ. Paradoxical Roles of Antioxidant Enzymes: Basic Mechanisms and Health Implications. Physiol Rev 2016; 96:307-64. [PMID: 26681794 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00010.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are generated from aerobic metabolism, as a result of accidental electron leakage as well as regulated enzymatic processes. Because ROS/RNS can induce oxidative injury and act in redox signaling, enzymes metabolizing them will inherently promote either health or disease, depending on the physiological context. It is thus misleading to consider conventionally called antioxidant enzymes to be largely, if not exclusively, health protective. Because such a notion is nonetheless common, we herein attempt to rationalize why this simplistic view should be avoided. First we give an updated summary of physiological phenotypes triggered in mouse models of overexpression or knockout of major antioxidant enzymes. Subsequently, we focus on a series of striking cases that demonstrate "paradoxical" outcomes, i.e., increased fitness upon deletion of antioxidant enzymes or disease triggered by their overexpression. We elaborate mechanisms by which these phenotypes are mediated via chemical, biological, and metabolic interactions of the antioxidant enzymes with their substrates, downstream events, and cellular context. Furthermore, we propose that novel treatments of antioxidant enzyme-related human diseases may be enabled by deliberate targeting of dual roles of the pertaining enzymes. We also discuss the potential of "antioxidant" nutrients and phytochemicals, via regulating the expression or function of antioxidant enzymes, in preventing, treating, or aggravating chronic diseases. We conclude that "paradoxical" roles of antioxidant enzymes in physiology, health, and disease derive from sophisticated molecular mechanisms of redox biology and metabolic homeostasis. Simply viewing antioxidant enzymes as always being beneficial is not only conceptually misleading but also clinically hazardous if such notions underpin medical treatment protocols based on modulation of redox pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gen Lei
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jian-Hong Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wen-Hsing Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yongping Bao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ye-Shih Ho
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amit R Reddi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arne Holmgren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elias S J Arnér
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Seale LA, Gilman CL, Hashimoto AC, Ogawa-Wong AN, Berry MJ. Diet-induced obesity in the selenocysteine lyase knockout mouse. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:761-74. [PMID: 26192035 PMCID: PMC4589310 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Selenocysteine lyase (Scly) mediates selenocysteine decomposition. It was previously demonstrated that, upon adequate caloric intake (12% kcal fat) and selenium deficiency, disruption of Scly in mice leads to development of metabolic syndrome. In this study, we investigate the effect of a high-fat (45% kcal) selenium-adequate diet in Scly knockout (KO) mice on development of metabolic syndrome. Involvement of selenoproteins in energy metabolism after Scly disruption was also examined in vitro in the murine hepatoma cell line, Hepa1-6, following palmitate treatment. RESULTS Scly KO mice were more susceptible to diet-induced obesity than their wild-type counterparts after feeding a high-fat selenium-adequate diet. Scly KO mice had aggravated hyperinsulinemia, hypercholesterolemia, glucose, and insulin intolerance, but unchanged inflammatory cytokines and expression of most selenoproteins, except increased serum selenoprotein P (Sepp1). Scly KO mice also exhibited enhanced hepatic levels of pyruvate and enzymes involved in the regulation of pyruvate cycling, such as pyruvate carboxylase (Pcx) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (Pdh). However, in vitro silencing of Scly in Hepa1-6 cells led to diminished Sepp1 expression, and concomitant palmitate treatment decreased Pdh expression. INNOVATION The role of selenium in lipid metabolism is recognized, but specific selenium-dependent mechanisms leading to obesity are unclear. This study uncovers that Scly has a remarkable effect on obesity and metabolic syndrome development triggered by high-fat exposure, independent of the expression of most selenoproteins. CONCLUSION Diet-induced obesity in Scly KO mice is aggravated, with effects on pyruvate levels and consequent activation of energy metabolism independent of selenoprotein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia A Seale
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Christy L Gilman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Ann C Hashimoto
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Ashley N Ogawa-Wong
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Marla J Berry
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu, Hawaii
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Su L, Gao S, Unverzagt FW, Cheng Y, Hake AM, Xin P, Chen C, Liu J, Ma F, Bian J, Li P, Jin Y. Selenium Level and Dyslipidemia in Rural Elderly Chinese. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136706. [PMID: 26380972 PMCID: PMC4575098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Higher selenium level has been hypothesized to have the potential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases including dyslipidemia. However, results from previous studies are inconsistent. This study aims to determine the association between selenium level and dyslipidemia in elderly Chinese with relatively low selenium status. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1859 participants aged 65 or older from four rural counties in China was conducted. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLC) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDLC), nail selenium concentration and APOE genotype were measured in all subjects. The four types of dyslipidemia were defined as >5.17 mmol/L for High-TC, >1.69 mmol/L for High-TG, >3.36 mmol/L for High-LDLC, and <1.04 mmol/L for Low-HDLC according to Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults. Logistic models adjusting for age, gender, APOE genotype, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, medication use for cardiovascular diseases were used to examine the relationship between selenium levels and the risk of dyslipidemia. RESULTS Mean nail selenium concentration was 0.465 μg/gin this sample. Rates for High-TC, High-LDLC, High-TG, Low-HDLC were 18.13%, 13.23%, 12.21% and 32.76% respectively. Results from logistic models indicated that higher selenium levels were significantly associated with higher risk of High-TC, High-LDLC and lower risk of Low-HDLC adjusting for covariates (p < 0.0001). Compared with the lowest selenium quartile group, participants in selenium quartile groups 2, 3 and 4 had significantly higher rates of High-TC, High-LDLC, High-TG, and lower rate of Low-HDLC adjusting for covariates. No significant association was observed between selenium level and the risk of High-TG. APOEε4 carriers had higher rates of High-TC and High-LDLC. There was no interaction between selenium level and APOE with the rates of dyslipidemia. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest long-term selenium exposure level may be associated with the risk of dyslipidemia in elderly population. Future studies are needed to examine the underlying mechanism of the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Su
- Department of Environmental Impact Assessment, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Sujuan Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Frederick W. Unverzagt
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Yibin Cheng
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ann M. Hake
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Pengju Xin
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchao Bian
- Shandong Institute for Prevention and Treatment of Endemic Disease in China, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Li
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention in China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinlong Jin
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Mehrpour M, Kyani A, Tafazzoli M, Fathi F, Joghataie MT. A metabonomics investigation of multiple sclerosis by nuclear magnetic resonance. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2013; 51:102-109. [PMID: 23255426 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.3915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a nervous system disease that affects the fatty myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain and spinal cord, leading to demyelination and a broad range of signs and symptoms. MS can be difficult to diagnose because its signs and symptoms may be similar to other medical problems. To find out which metabolites in serum are effective for the diagnosis of MS, we utilized metabolic profiling using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-NMR). Random forest (RF) was used to classify the MS patients and healthy subjects. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to measure the serum levels of selenium. The results showed that the levels of selenium were lower in the MS group, when compared with the control group. RF was used to identify the metabolites that caused selenium changes in people with MS by building a correlation model between these metabolites and serum levels of selenium. For the external test set, the obtained classification model showed a 93% correct classification of MS and healthy subjects. The regression model of levels of selenium and metabolites showed the correlation (R(2)) value of 0.88 for the external test set. The results indicate the suitability of NMR as a screen for identifying MS patients and healthy subjects. A novel model with good prediction outcomes was constructed between serum levels of selenium and NMR data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Mehrpour
- Department of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Selenium is an essential micronutrient in mammals, but is also recognized as toxic in excess. It is a non-metal with properties that are intermediate between the chalcogen elements sulfur and tellurium. Selenium exerts its biological functions through selenoproteins. Selenoproteins contain selenium in the form of the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec), which is an analog of cysteine with the sulfur-containing side chain replaced by a Se-containing side chain. Sec is encoded by the codon UGA, which is one of three termination codons for mRNA translation in non-selenoprotein genes. Recognition of the UGA codon as a Sec insertion site instead of stop requires a Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element in selenoprotein mRNAs and a unique selenocysteyl-tRNA, both of which are recognized by specialized protein factors. Unlike the 20 standard amino acids, Sec is biosynthesized from serine on its tRNA. Twenty-five selenoproteins are encoded in the human genome. Most of the selenoprotein genes were discovered by bioinformatics approaches, searching for SECIS elements downstream of in-frame UGA codons. Sec has been described as having stronger nucleophilic and electrophilic properties than cysteine, and Sec is present in the catalytic site of all selenoenzymes. Most selenoproteins, whose functions are known, are involved in redox systems and signaling pathways. However, several selenoproteins are not well characterized in terms of their function. The selenium field has grown dramatically in the last few decades, and research on selenium biology is providing extensive new information regarding its importance for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Kurokawa
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA,
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Understanding selenoprotein function and regulation through the use of rodent models. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2012; 1823:1633-42. [PMID: 22440326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient. Its biological functions are associated with selenoproteins, which contain this trace element in the form of the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine. Genetic defects in selenocysteine insertion into proteins are associated with severe health issues. The consequences of selenoprotein deficiency are more variable, with several selenoproteins being essential, and several showing no clear phenotypes. Much of these functional studies benefited from the use of rodent models and diets employing variable levels of Se. This review summarizes the data obtained with these models, focusing on mouse models with targeted expression of individual selenoproteins and removal of individual, subsets or all selenoproteins in a systemic or organ-specific manner. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cell Biology of Metals.
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Stranges S, Tabák AG, Guallar E, Rayman MP, Akbaraly TN, Laclaustra M, Alfthan G, Mussalo-Rauhamaa H, Viikari JSA, Raitakari OT, Kivimäki M. Selenium status and blood lipids: the cardiovascular risk in Young Finns study. J Intern Med 2011; 270:469-77. [PMID: 21554435 PMCID: PMC3172343 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02398.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concern has been recently raised about possible adverse cardio-metabolic effects of high selenium status, such as increased risks of diabetes and hyperlipidaemia. However, most of the evidence comes from selenium-replete populations such as that of the United States. OBJECTIVES To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of serum selenium with cardiovascular risk factors in Finland where selenium levels were amongst the lowest in the world until the early 1980s before the implementation of a nationwide selenium fertilization programme. METHODS Serum selenium was measured in 1235 young Finns aged 3-18 years at baseline in 1980 (prefertilization) and in a subgroup (N = 262) at the 6-year follow-up (1986, postfertilization). During the 27-year follow-up, serum lipids, blood pressure, body mass index and smoking were assessed five times (1980, 1983, 1986, 2001 and 2007). RESULTS Mean (±SD) serum selenium concentrations were 74.3 ± 14.0 ng mL(-1) in 1980 and 106.6 ± 12.5 ng mL(-1) in 1986 (average increase 32.3 ng mL(-1); 95% CI: 30.3 to 34.3, P < 0.0001). In univariate and multivariable cross-sectional models in 1980 and 1986, increased serum selenium levels were consistently associated with increased total, HDL and Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. However, the average longitudinal changes in lipids were -0.20 mmol L(-1) (95% CI: -0.30 to -0.10, P < 0.0001) for total cholesterol, 0.06 mmol L(-1) (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.10, P < 0.0001) for HDL cholesterol, and -0.23 mmol L(-1) (95% CI: -0.31 to -0.14, P < 0.0001) for LDL cholesterol. Selenium measured in 1986 was not associated with lipids assessed in 2001 and 2007. CONCLUSIONS Cross-sectional findings from the Young Finns study corroborate positive associations of selenium status with serum lipids. However, longitudinal evidence does not support the causality of this link.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stranges
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK.
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Stranges S, Navas-Acien A, Rayman MP, Guallar E. Selenium status and cardiometabolic health: state of the evidence. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010; 20:754-760. [PMID: 21094028 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Use of selenium enriched foods, supplements and fertilizers has increased markedly in recent years in the US and other Western countries because of the perception that the anti-oxidant properties of selenium could potentially reduce the risk of cancer and other chronic diseases. However, concern has been raised recently about possible adverse cardiometabolic effects of high selenium exposure, including an increased risk of diabetes and hyperlipidemia with high selenium intake. Hence, from a public health perspective, the relationship between selenium status and cardiometabolic health should be clarified in order to help guide consumers in their choices of nutritional supplements and enriched food products. Additional experimental evidence is needed to provide new insights into the role of selenium and of specific selenoproteins in human biology, especially to clarify the underlying mechanisms linking selenium to chronic disease endpoints. Further epidemiological studies and randomized clinical trials across populations with different selenium status should be conducted to determine the causal effect of selenium on cardiovascular disease and risk factors. Nevertheless, at the present time the widespread use of selenium supplements or other strategies that artificially increase selenium status above the level required for optimal selenoprotein activity is not justified and should not be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stranges
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK.
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Morine MJ, McMonagle J, Toomey S, Reynolds CM, Moloney AP, Gormley IC, Gaora PO, Roche HM. Bi-directional gene set enrichment and canonical correlation analysis identify key diet-sensitive pathways and biomarkers of metabolic syndrome. BMC Bioinformatics 2010; 11:499. [PMID: 20929581 PMCID: PMC3098081 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-11-499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, a number of bioinformatics methods are available to generate appropriate lists of genes from a microarray experiment. While these lists represent an accurate primary analysis of the data, fewer options exist to contextualise those lists. The development and validation of such methods is crucial to the wider application of microarray technology in the clinical setting. Two key challenges in clinical bioinformatics involve appropriate statistical modelling of dynamic transcriptomic changes, and extraction of clinically relevant meaning from very large datasets. Results Here, we apply an approach to gene set enrichment analysis that allows for detection of bi-directional enrichment within a gene set. Furthermore, we apply canonical correlation analysis and Fisher's exact test, using plasma marker data with known clinical relevance to aid identification of the most important gene and pathway changes in our transcriptomic dataset. After a 28-day dietary intervention with high-CLA beef, a range of plasma markers indicated a marked improvement in the metabolic health of genetically obese mice. Tissue transcriptomic profiles indicated that the effects were most dramatic in liver (1270 genes significantly changed; p < 0.05), followed by muscle (601 genes) and adipose (16 genes). Results from modified GSEA showed that the high-CLA beef diet affected diverse biological processes across the three tissues, and that the majority of pathway changes reached significance only with the bi-directional test. Combining the liver tissue microarray results with plasma marker data revealed 110 CLA-sensitive genes showing strong canonical correlation with one or more plasma markers of metabolic health, and 9 significantly overrepresented pathways among this set; each of these pathways was also significantly changed by the high-CLA diet. Closer inspection of two of these pathways - selenoamino acid metabolism and steroid biosynthesis - illustrated clear diet-sensitive changes in constituent genes, as well as strong correlations between gene expression and plasma markers of metabolic syndrome independent of the dietary effect. Conclusion Bi-directional gene set enrichment analysis more accurately reflects dynamic regulatory behaviour in biochemical pathways, and as such highlighted biologically relevant changes that were not detected using a traditional approach. In such cases where transcriptomic response to treatment is exceptionally large, canonical correlation analysis in conjunction with Fisher's exact test highlights the subset of pathways showing strongest correlation with the clinical markers of interest. In this case, we have identified selenoamino acid metabolism and steroid biosynthesis as key pathways mediating the observed relationship between metabolic health and high-CLA beef. These results indicate that this type of analysis has the potential to generate novel transcriptome-based biomarkers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J Morine
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, School of Public Health, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Yang KC, Lee LT, Lee YS, Huang HY, Chen CY, Huang KC. Serum selenium concentration is associated with metabolic factors in the elderly: a cross-sectional study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2010; 7:38. [PMID: 20459618 PMCID: PMC2873298 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-7-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Selenium is an essential micronutrient known for its antioxidant function. However, the association of serum selenium with lipid profiles and fasting glucose are inconsistent in populations with average intake of selenium. Furthermore, there were few studies conducted specifically for the elderly. This study examined the relationship of serum selenium concentration with serum lipids and fasting glucose in the Taiwanese elderly population. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 200 males and females aged 65-85 years (mean 71.5 ± 4.6 years) from Taipei, Taiwan. Serum selenium was measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer. The association between serum selenium and metabolic factors was examined using a multivariate linear regression analysis after controlling several confounders. Results The mean serum selenium concentration was 1.14 μmol/L, without significant difference between sexes. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol increased significantly with serum selenium concentration (P < 0.001, P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) after adjusting for age, gender, anthropometric indices, lifestyle factors, and cardio-vascular risk factors in several linear regression models. Furthermore, there was a significantly positive association between serum selenium and serum fasting glucose concentrations (P < 0.05). Conclusions Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, and fasting serum glucose concentrations increased significantly with serum selenium concentration in the Taiwanese elderly. The underlying mechanism warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuen-Cheh Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Conrad M, Schweizer U. Unveiling the molecular mechanisms behind selenium-related diseases through knockout mouse studies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 12:851-65. [PMID: 19803749 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se), in the form of the 21st amino acid selenocysteine, is an integral part of selenoproteins and essential for mammals. While a large number of health claims for Se has been proposed in a diverse set of diseases, little is known about the precise molecular mechanisms and the physiological roles of selenoproteins. With the recent and rigorous application of reverse genetics in the mouse, great strides have been made to address this on a more molecular level. In this review, we focus on results obtained from the application of mouse molecular genetics in mouse physiology and discuss these insights into the physiological actions of selenoproteins in light of evidence from human genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology and Tumor Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Marchioninistrasse 25, Munich, Germany.
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Laclaustra M, Stranges S, Navas-Acien A, Ordovas JM, Guallar E. Serum selenium and serum lipids in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. Atherosclerosis 2010; 210:643-8. [PMID: 20102763 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High selenium has been recently associated with several cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors including diabetes, blood pressure and lipid levels. We evaluated the association of serum selenium with fasting serum lipid levels in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004, the most recently available representative sample of the US population that measured selenium levels. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of 1159 adults>or=40 years old from NHANES 2003-2004. Serum selenium was measured by inductively coupled plasma-dynamic reaction cell-mass spectrometry. Fasting serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol were measured enzymatically and LDL cholesterol was calculated. RESULTS Mean serum selenium was 136.7 microg/L. The multivariable adjusted average differences (95% confidence interval) comparing the highest (>or=147 microg/L) to the lowest (<124 microg/L) selenium quartiles were 18.9 (9.9, 28.0) mg/dL for total cholesterol, 12.7 (3.3, 22.2) mg/dL for LDL cholesterol, 3.9 (0.4, 7.5)mg/dL for HDL cholesterol, and 11.5 (-7.6, 30.7) mg/dL for triglycerides. In spline regression models, total and LDL cholesterol levels increased progressively with increasing selenium concentrations. HDL cholesterol increased with selenium but reached a plateau above 120 microg/L of serum selenium (20th percentile). The triglyceride-selenium relationship was U-shaped. CONCLUSION In US adults, high serum selenium concentrations were associated with increased serum concentrations of total and LDL cholesterol. Selenium was associated with increasing HDL cholesterol only at low selenium levels. Given increasing trends in dietary selenium intake and supplementation, the causal mechanisms underlying these associations need to be fully characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Laclaustra
- Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
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Stranges S, Laclaustra M, Ji C, Cappuccio FP, Navas-Acien A, Ordovas JM, Rayman M, Guallar E. Higher selenium status is associated with adverse blood lipid profile in British adults. J Nutr 2010; 140:81-7. [PMID: 19906812 PMCID: PMC2793123 DOI: 10.3945/jn.109.111252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings have raised concern about possible associations of high selenium exposure with diabetes and hyperlipidemia in the US, a population with high selenium status. In the UK, a population with lower selenium status, there is little data on the association of selenium status with cardio-metabolic risk factors in the general population. We examined the association of plasma selenium concentration with blood lipids in a nationally representative sample of British adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1042 white participants (aged 19-64 y) in the 2000-2001 UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Plasma selenium was measured by inductively coupled-plasma mass spectrometry. Total and HDL cholesterol were measured in nonfasting plasma samples. Mean plasma selenium concentration was 1.10 +/- 0.19 micromol/L. The multivariate adjusted differences between the highest (> or =1.20 micromol/L) and lowest (<0.98 micromol/L) quartiles of plasma selenium were 0.39 (95% CI 0.18, 0.60) mmol/L for total cholesterol, 0.38 (0.17, 0.59) for non-HDL cholesterol, and 0.01 (-0.05, 0.07) for HDL cholesterol. Higher plasma selenium (i.e., > or =1.20 micromol/L) was associated with increased total and non-HDL cholesterol levels but not with HDL in the UK adult population. These findings raise additional concern about potential adverse cardio-metabolic effects of high selenium status. Randomized and mechanistic evidence is necessary to assess causality and to evaluate the impact of this association on cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Stranges
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV47AL, UK.
| | - Martin Laclaustra
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV47AL, UK; Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205; Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21025; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Chen Ji
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV47AL, UK; Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205; Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21025; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Francesco P. Cappuccio
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV47AL, UK; Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205; Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21025; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV47AL, UK; Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205; Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21025; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Jose M. Ordovas
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV47AL, UK; Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205; Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21025; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Margaret Rayman
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV47AL, UK; Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205; Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21025; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV47AL, UK; Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205; Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21025; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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Mahn AV, Toledo HM, Ruz M. Dietary supplementation with selenomethylselenocysteine produces a differential proteomic response. J Nutr Biochem 2009; 20:791-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2008.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2007] [Revised: 03/31/2008] [Accepted: 07/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Carlson BA, Yoo MH, Tsuji PA, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL. Mouse models targeting selenocysteine tRNA expression for elucidating the role of selenoproteins in health and development. Molecules 2009; 14:3509-27. [PMID: 19783940 PMCID: PMC3459062 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14093509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2009] [Revised: 09/03/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) deficiency has been known for many years to be associated with disease, impaired growth and a variety of other metabolic disorders in mammals. Only recently has the major role that Se-containing proteins, designated selenoproteins, play in many aspects of health and development begun to emerge. Se is incorporated into protein by way of the Se-containing amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec). The synthesis of selenoproteins is dependent on Sec tRNA for insertion of Sec, the 21st amino acid in the genetic code, into protein. We have taken advantage of this dependency to modulate the expression of Sec tRNA that in turn modulates the expression of selenoproteins by generating transgenic, conditional knockout, transgenic/standard knockout and transgenic/conditional knockout mouse models, all of which involve the Sec tRNA gene, to elucidate the intracellular roles of this protein class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A. Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;E-mails: (M-H.Y.); (P.A.T.); (D.L.H.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
| | - Min-Hyuk Yoo
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;E-mails: (M-H.Y.); (P.A.T.); (D.L.H.)
| | - Petra A. Tsuji
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;E-mails: (M-H.Y.); (P.A.T.); (D.L.H.)
- Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Nutritional Science Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; E-mail: (V.N.G.)
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;E-mails: (M-H.Y.); (P.A.T.); (D.L.H.)
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Se is an essential trace element in human nutrition associated with antioxidant activity. Previous studies on predictors of toenail Se or serum Se have mostly concentrated on demographic factors such as age and gender. The present paper examines the association between apoE genotype and Se levels in nail samples in a rural elderly Chinese cohort. DESIGN Two thousand Chinese aged 65 years and over from four counties in China were enrolled in a cohort to study the association of Se with cognitive decline. Nail samples were collected from each participant and analysed for Se levels. Dietary Se intake was estimated from an FFQ using Se contents measured in food items collected from each village. Blood samples on filter cards were collected and analysed for apoE genotype. Mixed-effect models were constructed with nail Se level as the dependent variable and each village as the random effect, which controlled for the potential confounding effect from correlation in Se measures obtained from participants residing in the same village. RESULTS In this elderly Chinese cohort, carriers of the apoE epsilon4 allele had significantly lower Se levels measured in nail samples than non-carriers after adjusting for other significant covariates and controlling for estimated dietary Se intake. There was no significant difference between the two genotypes on estimated Se dietary intake (P = 0.6451). CONCLUSIONS Future studies are needed to examine the mechanism underlying the association between the apoE epsilon4 allele and Se levels, including the role of oxidative stress and that of reduced lipid metabolism in the apoE epsilon4 carriers.
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Lipid metabolism. Curr Opin Lipidol 2008; 19:314-21. [PMID: 18460925 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0b013e328303e27e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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