1
|
Yan YQ, Liu M, Xu ZJ, Xu ZJ, Huang YX, Li XM, Chen CJ, Zuo G, Yang JC, Lei XG, Sun LH. Optimum Doses and Forms of Selenium Maintaining Reproductive Health via Regulating Homeostasis of Gut Microbiota and Testicular Redox, Inflammation, Cell Proliferation, and Apoptosis in Roosters. J Nutr 2024; 154:369-380. [PMID: 38122845 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a U-shaped relationship between dietary selenium (Se) ingestion and optimal sperm quality. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the optimal dietary dose and forms of Se for sperm quality of breeder roosters and the relevant mechanisms. METHODS In experiment 1, 18-wk-old Jingbai laying breeder roosters were fed a Se-deficient base diet (BD, 0.06 mg Se/kg), or the BD + 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, or 1.0 mg Se/kg for 9 wk. In experiment 2, the roosters were fed the BD or the BD + sodium selenite (SeNa), seleno-yeast (SeY), or Se-nanoparticles (SeNPs) at 0.2 mg Se/kg for 9 wk. RESULTS In experiment 1, added dietary 0.2 and 0.3 mg Se/kg led to higher sperm motility and lower sperm mortality than the other groups at weeks 5, 7, and/or 9. Furthermore, added dietary 0.2-0.4 mg Se/kg produced better testicular histology and/or lower testicular 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine than the other groups. Moreover, integrated testicular transcriptomic and cecal microbiomic analysis revealed that inflammation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis-related genes and bacteria were dysregulated by Se deficiency or excess. In experiment 2, compared with SeNa, SeNPs slightly increased sperm motility throughout the experiment, whereas SeNPs slightly reduced sperm mortality compared with SeY at week 9. Both SeY and SeNPs decreased malondialdehyde in the serum than those of SeNa, and SeNPs led to higher glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and thioredoxin reductase activities and GPX1 and B-cell lymphoma 2 protein concentrations in the testis compared with SeY and SeNa. CONCLUSIONS The optimal dietary Se dose for reproductive health of breeder roosters is 0.25-0.35 mg Se/kg, and SeNPs displayed better effects on reproductive health than SeNa and SeY in laying breeder roosters. The optimal doses and forms of Se maintain reproductive health of roosters associated with regulation intestinal microbiota homeostasis and/or testicular redox balance, inflammation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ze-Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zi-Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Min Li
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Chao-Jiang Chen
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Gang Zuo
- Beijing Deyuanshun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lei XG. What Will The Journal of Nutrition Pursue over the Next 5 Years? J Nutr 2024; 154:289-291. [PMID: 38280635 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science and Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sun Z, Wu K, Feng C, Lei XG. Selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase 1 regulates transcription of elongase 3 in murine tissues. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:708-717. [PMID: 37726091 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown dysregulated lipid metabolism in tissues of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) overexpressing (OE) or deficient (KO) mice. This study explored underlying mechanisms of GPX1 in regulating tissue fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis. GPX1 OE, KO, and wild-type (WT) mice (n = 5, male, 3-6 months old) were fed a Se-adequate diet (0.3 mg/kg) and assayed for liver and adipose tissue FA profiles and mRNA levels of key enzymes of FA biosynthesis and redox-responsive transcriptional factors (TFs). These three genotypes of mice (n = 5) were injected intraperitoneally with diquat, ebselen, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) at 10, 50, and 50 mg/kg of body weight, respectively, and killed at 0 and 12 h after the injections to detect mRNA levels of FA elongases and desaturases and the TFs in the liver and adipose tissue. A luciferase reporter assay with targeted deletions of mouse Elovl3 promoter was performed to determine transcriptional regulations of the gene by GPX1 mimic ebselen in HEK293T cells. Compared with WT, GPX1 OE and KO mice had 9-42% lower (p < 0.05) and 36-161% higher (p < 0.05) concentrations of C20:0, C22:0, and C24:0 in these two tissues, respectively, along with reciprocal increases and decreases (p < 0.05) of Elovl3 transcripts. Ebselen and NAC decreased (p < 0.05), whereas diquat decreased (p < 0.05), Elovl3 transcripts in the two tissues. Overexpression and knockout of GPX1 decreased (p < 0.05) and increased (p < 0.05) ELOVL3 levels in the two tissues, respectively. Three TFs (GABP, SP1, and DBP) were identified to bind the Elovl3 promoter (-1164/+33 base pairs). Deletion of DBP (-98/-86 base pairs) binding domain in the promoter attenuated (13%, p < 0.05) inhibition of ebselen on Elovl3 promoter activation. In summary, GPX1 overexpression down-regulated very long-chain FA biosynthesis via transcriptional inhibition of the Elovl3 promoter activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiao Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Kun Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Chenhan Feng
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vatamaniuk MZ, Huang R, Zhao Z, Lei XG. SXRF for Studying the Distribution of Trace Metals in the Pancreas and Liver. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040846. [PMID: 37107221 PMCID: PMC10135242 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metals such as iron, copper and zinc are required for the normal functioning of biological tissues, whereas others, such as cadmium, are potentially highly toxic. Any disturbances in homeostasis caused by lack of micronutrients in the diet, pollution or genetic heredity result in malfunction and/or diseases. Here, we used synchrotron X-ray fluorescence, SXRF, microscopy and mice with altered functions of major antioxidant enzymes to show that SXRF may become a powerful tool to study biologically relevant metal balance in the pancreas and liver of mice models with disturbed glucose homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rong Huang
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Zeping Zhao
- Animal Science Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Animal Science Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang H, Vatamaniuk MZ, Zhao Z, Lei XG. Interdependencies of Gene Expression and Function between Two Redox Enzymes and REG Family Proteins in Murine Pancreatic Islets and Human Pancreatic Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040849. [PMID: 37107224 PMCID: PMC10135238 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our laboratory previously revealed that regenerating islets-derived protein 2 (REG2) was diminished in pancreatic islets of glutathione peroxidase-1-overexpressing mice (Gpx1-OE). It remained unknown if there is an inverse relationship between the expression and function of all Reg family genes and antioxidant enzymes in the pancreatic islets or human pancreatic cells. This research was to determine how altering the Gpx1 and superoxide dismutase-1 (Sod1) genes alone or together (dKO) affected the expression of all seven murine Reg genes in murine pancreatic islets. In Experiment 1, Gpx1-/-, Gpx1-OE, their wild-type (WT), Sod1-/-, dKO, and their WT (male, 8-wk old, n = 4–6) were fed a Se-adequate diet and their islets were collected to assay the mRNA levels of Reg family genes. In Experiment 2, islets from the six groups of mice were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), REG2, or REG2 mutant protein (1 µg/mL), and/or GPX mimic (ebselen, 50 µM) and SOD mimic (copper [II] diisopropyl salicylate, CuDIPS, 10 µM) for 48 h before the proliferation assay using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). In Experiment 3, human pancreatic cells (PANC1) were treated with REG2 (1 µg/mL) and assayed for REG gene expression, GPX1 and SOD1 activities, viability, and responses to Ca2+. Compared with the WT, knockouts of Gpx1 and/or Sod1 up-regulated (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of most of the murine Reg genes in islets whereas the Gpx1 overexpression down-regulated (p < 0.05) Reg mRNA levels. REG2, but not the REG2 mutant, inhibited islet proliferation in Gpx1 or Sod1-altered mice. Such inhibition was abolished by co-incubation the Gpx1-/- islets with ebselen and the Sod1-/- islets with CuDIPS. Treating PANC1 cells with murine REG2 protein induced expression of its human orthologue REG1B and three other REG genes, but decreased SOD1 and GPX1 activities and cell viability. In conclusion, our results revealed an interdependence of REG family gene expression and/or function on intracellular GPX1 and SOD1 activities in murine islets and human pancreatic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- College of Light Industry and Food Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | | | - Zeping Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kalia S, Magnuson AD, Sun T, Liu G, Kim WK, Johnson Z, Lei XG. Supranutrition of microalgal docosahexaenoic acid and calcidiol improved growth performance, tissue lipid profiles, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:27. [PMID: 36922887 PMCID: PMC10018906 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and calcidiol could be enriched in chicken for improving public nutrition and health. It remains unclear if supranutritional levels of DHA and calcidiol impair growth performance or metabolism of broiler chickens. This study was to determine singular and combined effects of high levels of supplemental DHA-rich microalgal biomass or oil and calcidiol on growth performance, concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, and nonesterfied fatty acids in plasma, liver, breast, and thigh, and biophysical properties of tibia. METHODS In Exp. 1, 144 day-old Cornish chicks were divided into 4 groups (6 cages/treatment, 6 birds/cage), and were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet (BD), BD + 10,000 IU calcidiol/kg (BD + Cal), BD + 1% DHA-rich Aurantiochytrium (1.2 g DHA/kg; BD + DHA), and BD + Cal + DHA for 6 weeks. In Exp. 2, 180 day-old chicks were divided into 5 groups, and were fed: BD, BD + DHA (0.33% to 0.66% oil, 1.5 to 3.0 g DHA/kg), BD + DHA + EPA (1.9% to 3.8% eicosapentaenoic acid-rich Nannochloropsis sp. CO18, 0.3 to 0.6 g EPA/kg), BD + DHA + calcidiol (6000 to 12,000 IU/kg diet), and BD + DHA + EPA + Cal for 6 weeks. RESULTS Birds fed BD + Cal diet in Exp. 1 and BD + DHA + EPA diet in Exp. 2 had higher (P < 0.05) body weight gain (10%-11%) and gain:feed ratio (7%), and lower (P < 0.05) total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in plasma (18%-54%), liver (8%-26%), breast (19%-26%), and thigh (10%-19%), respectively, over the controls. The two diets also improved (P < 0.05) tibial breaking strength (8%-24%), total bone volume (2%-13%), and (or) bone mineral density (3%-19%) of chickens. CONCLUSION Supranutrition of dietary calcidiol and DHA alone or together did not produce adverse effects, but led to moderate improvements of growth performance, lipid profiles of plasma and muscle, and bone properties of broiler chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Kalia
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, 252 Morrison Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Andrew D Magnuson
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, 252 Morrison Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, 252 Morrison Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Guanchen Liu
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zackary Johnson
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, 252 Morrison Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu ZJ, Liu M, Niu QJ, Huang YX, Zhao L, Lei XG, Sun LH. Both selenium deficiency and excess impair male reproductive system via inducing oxidative stress-activated PI3K/AKT-mediated apoptosis and cell proliferation signaling in testis of mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 197:15-22. [PMID: 36731804 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) deficiency or excess impairs testicular development and spermatogenesis, while the underlying mechanisms in this regard remain unclear. This study was designed to explore the molecular biology of Se deficiency or excess in spermatogenesis in mice. Three-week-old male mice (n = 10 mice/diet) were fed with Se-deficient diet (SeD, 0.02 mg Se/kg), adequate-Se diet (SeA, 0.2 mg Se/kg), or excess-Se diet (SeE, 2.0 mg Se/kg) for 5 months. Compared with SeA, SeD reduced (P < 0.05) the body weight (10.4%) and sperm density (84.3%) but increased (P < 0.05) sperm deformity (32.8%); SeE decreased (P < 0.05) the sperm density (78.5%) and sperm motility (35.9%) of the mice. Meanwhile, both SeD and SeE increased (P < 0.05) serum FSH concentrations (10.4-25.6%) and induced testicular damage in mice in comparison with the SeA. Compared with SeA, SeD increased (P < 0.05) the 8-OHdG concentration by 25.5%; SeE increased (P < 0.05) both MDA and 8-OHdG concentrations by 118.8-180.3% in testis. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis showed that there 1325 and 858 transcripts were altered (P < 0.05) in the testis by SeD and SeE, respectively, compared with SeA. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that these differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, which is regulated by oxidative stress. Moreover, western blotting analysis revealed that SeD and SeE dysregulated PI3K-AKT-mediated apoptosis and cell proliferation signaling, including upregulating (P < 0.05) caspase 3, cleaved-caspase 3, BCL-2 and (or) P53 and downregulating (P < 0.05) PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, 4E-BP1, p-4E-BP1 and (or) p-p70S6K in the testis of mice compared with SeA. Additionally, compared with SeA, both SeD and SeE increased (P < 0.05) GPX3 and SELENOO; SeD decreased (P < 0.05) GPX1, TXRND3 and SELENOW, but SeE increased (P < 0.05) production of three selenoproteins in the testis. Conclusively, both Se deficiency and excess impairs male reproductive system in mice, potentially with the induction of oxidative stress and activation of PI3K/AKT-mediated apoptosis and cell proliferation signaling in the testis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Qin-Jian Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang JQ, Jiang YY, Ren FZ, Lei XG. Novel role and mechanism of glutathione peroxidase-4 in nutritional pancreatic atrophy of chicks induced by dietary selenium deficiency. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102482. [PMID: 36162257 PMCID: PMC9516478 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional pancreatic atrophy (NPA) is a classical Se/vitamin E deficiency disease of chicks. To reveal molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis, we fed day-old chicks a practical, low-Se diet (14 μg Se/kg), and replicated the typical symptoms of NPA including vesiculated mitochondria, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and hyaline bodies in acinar cells of chicks as early as day 18. Target pathway analyses illustrated a > 90% depletion (P < 0.05) of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protein and up-regulated apoptotic signaling (cytochrome C/caspase 9/caspase 3) in the pancreas and(or) acinar cells of Se deficient chicks compared with Se-adequate chicks. Subsequently, we overexpressed and suppressed GPX4 expression in the pancreatic acinar cells and observed an inverse (P < 0.05) relationship between the GPX4 production and apoptotic signaling and cell death. Applying pull down and mass spectrometry, we unveiled that GPX4 bound prothymosin alpha (ProTalpha) to inhibit formation of apoptosome in the pancreatic acinar cells. Destroying this novel protein-protein interaction by silencing either gene expression accelerated H2O2-induced apoptosis in the cells. In the end, we applied GPX4 shRNA to silence GPX4 expression in chick embryo and confirmed the physiological relevance of the GPX4 role and mechanism shown ex vivo and in the acinar cells. Altogether, our results indicated that GPX4 depletion in Se-deficient chicks acted as a major contributor to their development of NPA due to the lost binding of GPX4 to ProTalpha and its subsequent inhibition on the cytochrome c/caspase 9/caspase 3 cascade in the acinar cells. Our findings not only provide a novel molecular mechanism for explaining pathogenesis of NPA but also reveal a completely new cellular pathway in regulating apoptosis by selenoproteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yun-Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fa-Zheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yan X, Zhao Z, Weaver J, Sun T, Yun JW, Roneker CA, Hu F, Doliba NM, McCormick CCW, Vatamaniuk MZ, Lei XG. Role and mechanism of REG2 depletion in insulin secretion augmented by glutathione peroxidase-1 overproduction. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102457. [PMID: 36063729 PMCID: PMC9463454 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported a depletion of murine regenerating islet-derived protein 2 (REG2) in pancreatic islets of glutathione peroxidase-1 (Gpx1) overexpressing (OE) mice. The present study was to explore if and how the REG2 depletion contributed to an augmented glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in OE islets. After we verified a consistent depletion (90%, p < 0.05) of REG2 mRNA, transcript, and protein in OE islets compared with wild-type (WT) controls, we treated cultured and perifused OE islets (70 islets/sample) with REG2 (1 μg/ml or ml · min) and observed 30-40% (p < 0.05) inhibitions of GSIS by REG2. Subsequently, we obtained evidences of co-immunoprecipitation, cell surface ligand binding, and co-immunofluorescence for a ligand-receptor binding between REG2 and transmembrane, L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel (CaV1.2) in beta TC3 cells. Mutating the C-type lectin binding domain of REG2 or deglycosylating CaV1.2 removed the inhibition of REG2 on GSIS and(or) the putative binding between the two proteins. Treating cultured OE and perifused WT islets with REG2 (1 μg/ml or ml · min) decreased (p < 0.05) Ca2+ influx triggered by glucose or KCl. An intraperitoneal (ip) injection of REG2 (2 μg/g) to OE mice (6-month old, n = 10) decreased their plasma insulin concentration (46%, p < 0.05) and elevated their plasma glucose concentration (25%, p < 0.05) over a 60 min period after glucose challenge (ip, 1 g/kg). In conclusion, our study identifies REG2 as a novel regulator of Ca2+ influx and insulin secretion, and reveals a new cascade of GPX1/REG2/CaV1.2 to explain how REG2 depletion in OE islets could decrease its binding to CaV1.2, resulting in uninhibited Ca2+ influx and augmented GSIS. These findings create new links to bridge redox biology, tissue regeneration, and insulin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yan
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Zeping Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jeremy Weaver
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jun-Won Yun
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA; Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Carol A Roneker
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Fenghua Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Nicolai M Doliba
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Marko Z Vatamaniuk
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao L, Chu XH, Liu S, Li R, Zhu YF, Li FN, Jiang J, Zhou JC, Lei XG, Sun LH. Selenium-Enriched Cardamine violifolia Increases Selenium and Decreases Cholesterol Concentrations in Liver and Pectoral Muscle of Broilers. J Nutr 2022; 152:2072-2079. [PMID: 35728044 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supernutrition of selenium (Se) in an effort to produce Se-enriched meat may inadvertently cause lipid accumulation. Se-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SeCv) contains >80% of Se in organic forms. OBJECTIVES This study was to determine whether feeding chickens a high dose of SeCv could produce Se-biofortified muscle without altering their lipid metabolism. METHODS Day-old male broilers were allocated to 4 groups (6 cages/group and 6 chicks/cage) and were fed either a corn-soy base diet (BD, 0.13-0.15 mg Se/kg), the BD plus 0.5 mg Se/kg as sodium selenite (SeNa) or as SeCv, or the BD plus a low-Se Cardamine violifolia (Cv, 0.20-0.21mg Se/kg). At week 6, concentrations of Se and lipid and expression of selenoprotein and lipid metabolism-related genes were determined in the pectoral muscle and liver. RESULTS The 4 diets showed no effects on growth performance of broilers. Compared with the other 3 diets, SeCv elevated (P < 0.05) Se concentrations in the pectoral muscle and liver by 14.4-127% and decreased (P < 0.05) total cholesterol concentrations by 12.5-46.7% and/or triglyceride concentrations by 28.8-31.1% in the pectoral muscle and/or liver, respectively. Meanwhile, SeCv enhanced (P < 0.05) muscular α-linolenic acid (80.0%) and hepatic arachidonic acid (58.3%) concentrations compared with SeNa and BD, respectively. SeCv downregulated (P < 0.05) the cholesterol and triglyceride synthesis-related proteins (sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2) and upregulated (P < 0.05) hydrolysis and β-oxidation of fatty acid-related proteins (lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid binding protein 1, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A), as well as selenoprotein P1 and thioredoxin reductase activity in the pectoral muscle and/or liver compared with SeNa. CONCLUSIONS Compared with SeNa, SeCv effectively raised Se and reduced lipids in the liver and muscle of broilers. The effect was mediated through the regulation of the cholesterol and triglyceride biosynthesis and utilization-related genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Han Chu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rong Li
- Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yun-Fen Zhu
- Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, China
| | - Feng-Na Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ji-Chang Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nguyen BT, Shin EJ, Jeong JH, Sharma N, Nah SY, Ko SK, Byun JK, Lee Y, Lei XG, Kim DJ, Nabeshima T, Kim HC. Ginsenoside Re attenuates memory impairments in aged Klotho deficient mice via interactive modulations of angiotensin II AT1 receptor, Nrf2 and GPx-1 gene. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 189:2-19. [PMID: 35840016 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ginseng is known to possess anti-aging potential. Klotho mutant mice exhibit phenotypes that resemble the phenotype of the human aging process. Similar to Klotho deficient mice, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suffer vascular damage and cognitive impairment, which might upregulate the angiotensin II AT1 receptor. Since AT1 receptor expression was more pronounced than endothelin ET-1 expression in the hippocampus of aged Klotho deficient (±) mice, we focused on the AT1 receptor in this study. Ginsenoside Re (GRe), but not ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1), significantly attenuated the increase in AT1 receptor expression in aged Klotho deficient mice. Both GRe and the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan failed to attenuate the decrease in phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 in aged Klotho deficient (±) mice but significantly activated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated signaling. Both GRe and losartan attenuated the increased NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aged Klotho deficient mice. Furthermore, of all the antioxidant enzymes, GRe significantly increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. GRe significantly attenuated the reduced phosphorylation of ERK and CREB in GPx-1 knockout mice; however, genetic overexpression of GPx-1 did not significantly affect them in aged mice. Klotho-, Nrf2-, and GPx-1-immunoreactivities were co-localized in the same cells of the hippocampus in aged Klotho wild-type mice. Both the GPx inhibitor mercaptosuccinate and Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol counteracted the effects of GRe on all neurobehavioral impairments in aged Klotho deficient (±) mice. Our results suggest that GRe attenuates all alterations, such as AT1 receptor expression, NOX-, ROS-, and GPx-levels, and cognitive dysfunction in aged Klotho deficient (±) mice via upregulation of Nrf2/GPx-1/ERK/CREB signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Trong Nguyen
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kwon Ko
- Department of Oriental Medical Food & Nutrition, Semyung University, Jecheon, 27136, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Byun
- Korea Society of Forest Environmental Research, Namyanju, 12106, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Lee
- Department of Industrial Plant Science & Technology, Chungbuk National University, Chungju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Dae-Joong Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
This review traces the discoveries that led to the recognition of selenium (Se) as an essential nutrient and discusses Se-responsive diseases in animals and humans in the context of current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of their pathogeneses. The article includes a comprehensive analysis of dietary sources, nutritional utilization, metabolic functions, and dietary requirements of Se across various species. We also compare the function and regulation of selenogenomes and selenoproteomes among rodents, food animals, and humans. The review addresses the metabolic impacts of high dietary Se intakes in different species and recent revelations of Se-metabolites, means of increasing Se status, and the recycling of Se in food systems and ecosystems. Finally, research needs are identified for supporting basic science and practical applications of dietary Se in food, nutrition, and health across species. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Nutrition, Volume 42 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA;
| | - Gerald F Combs
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roger A Sunde
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Joel S Caton
- Department of Animal Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - John D Arthington
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Marko Z Vatamaniuk
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kalia S, Lei XG. Dietary microalgae on poultry meat and eggs: explained versus unexplained effects. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 75:102689. [PMID: 35114601 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Different types and sources of microalgae are used to feed broiler chickens and laying hens. This review provides a concise update on various impacts of feeding these novel ingredients on physical, chemical, and nutritional attributes of the resultant meat and eggs. Some of the observed effects may be associated with biochemical and molecular mechanisms derived from unique chemical compositions and nutritional values of microalgae. However, the full potential and the accurate mechanism of microalgae in producing health-promoting poultry foods remain to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Kalia
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Skalny AV, Aschner M, Lei XG, Gritsenko VA, Santamaria A, Alekseenko SI, Prakash NT, Chang JS, Sizova EA, Chao JCJ, Aaseth J, Tinkov AA. Gut Microbiota as a Mediator of Essential and Toxic Effects of Zinc in the Intestines and Other Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313074. [PMID: 34884881 PMCID: PMC8658153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to review the existing data on the association between Zn status and characteristics of gut microbiota in various organisms and the potential role of Zn-induced microbiota in modulating systemic effects. The existing data demonstrate a tight relationship between Zn metabolism and gut microbiota as demonstrated in Zn deficiency, supplementation, and toxicity studies. Generally, Zn was found to be a significant factor for gut bacteria biodiversity. The effects of physiological and nutritional Zn doses also result in improved gut wall integrity, thus contributing to reduced translocation of bacteria and gut microbiome metabolites into the systemic circulation. In contrast, Zn overexposure induced substantial alterations in gut microbiota. In parallel with intestinal effects, systemic effects of Zn-induced gut microbiota modulation may include systemic inflammation and acute pancreatitis, autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, as well as fetal alcohol syndrome and obesity. In view of both Zn and gut microbiota, as well as their interaction in the regulation of the physiological functions of the host organism, addressing these targets through the use of Zn-enriched probiotics may be considered an effective strategy for health management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V. Skalny
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, World-Class Research Center, Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.S.); (M.A.); (J.A.)
- Department of Bioelementology, K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, 109004 Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, World-Class Research Center, Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.S.); (M.A.); (J.A.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Viktor A. Gritsenko
- Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 460000 Orenburg, Russia;
| | - Abel Santamaria
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores/Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular y Nanotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City 14269, Mexico;
| | - Svetlana I. Alekseenko
- Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, 190013 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russia
- K.A. Raukhfus Children’s City Multidisciplinary Clinical Center for High Medical Technologies, 191036 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nagaraja Tejo Prakash
- School of Energy and Environment, Thapar Institute Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India;
| | - Jung-Su Chang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (J.-S.C.); (J.C.J.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Elena A. Sizova
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 460000 Orenburg, Russia;
| | - Jane C. J. Chao
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (J.-S.C.); (J.C.J.C.)
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, World-Class Research Center, Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.S.); (M.A.); (J.A.)
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2380 Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Alexey A. Tinkov
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, World-Class Research Center, Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.S.); (M.A.); (J.A.)
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya Str. 14, 150000 Yaroslavl, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-961-937-81-98
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sharma N, Shin EJ, Pham DT, Sharma G, Dang DK, Duong CX, Kang SW, Nah SY, Jang CG, Lei XG, Nabeshima T, Bing G, Jeong JH, Kim HC. GPx-1-encoded adenoviral vector attenuates dopaminergic impairments induced by methamphetamine in GPx-1 knockout mice through modulation of NF-κB transcription factor. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 154:112313. [PMID: 34082047 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We suggested that selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GPx) plays a protective role against methamphetamine (MA)-induced dopaminergic toxicity. We focused on GPx-1, a major selenium-dependent enzyme and constructed a GPx-1 gene-encoded adenoviral vector (Ad-GPx-1) to delineate the role of GPx-1 in MA-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Exposure to Ad-GPx-1 significantly induced GPx activity and GPx-1 protein levels in GPx-1-knockout (GPx-1-KO) mice. MA-induced dopaminergic impairments [i.e., hyperthermia; increased nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) DNA-binding activity; and decreased dopamine levels, TH activity, and behavioral activity] were more pronounced in GPx-1-KO mice than in WT mice. In contrast, exposure to Ad-GPx-1 significantly attenuated MA-induced dopaminergic loss in GPx-1-KO mice. The protective effect exerted by Ad-GPx-1 was comparable to that exerted by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an NF-κB inhibitor against MA insult. Consistently, GPx-1 overexpression significantly attenuated MA dopaminergic toxicity in mice. PDTC did not significantly impact the protective effect of GPx-1 overexpression, suggesting that interaction between NF-κB and GPx-1 is critical for dopaminergic protection. Thus, NF-κB is a potential therapeutic target for GPx-1-mediated dopaminergic protective activity. This study for the first time demonstrated that Ad-GPx-1 rescued dopaminergic toxicity in vivo following MA insult. Furthermore, GPx-1-associated therapeutic interventions may be important against dopaminergic toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, South Korea; Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Duc Toan Pham
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Garima Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Duy-Khanh Dang
- Pharmacy Faculty, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, 900000, Viet Nam
| | - Chu Xuan Duong
- Pharmacy Faculty, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, 900000, Viet Nam
| | - Sang Won Kang
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Guoying Bing
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Medical Center MN208 800 Rose Strees, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Moberg E, Allison EH, Harl HK, Arbow T, Almaraz M, Dixon J, Scarborough C, Skinner T, Rasmussen LV, Salter A, Lei XG, Halpern BS. Combined innovations in public policy, the private sector and culture can drive sustainability transitions in food systems. Nat Food 2021; 2:282-290. [PMID: 37118460 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Global food system analyses call for an urgent transition to sustainable human diets but how this might be achieved within the current global food regime is poorly explored. Here we examine the factors that have fostered major dietary shifts across eight countries in the past 70 years. Guided by transition and food-regime theories, we draw on data from diverse disciplines, reviewing post-World War 2 shifts in consumption of three food commodities: farmed tilapia, milk and chicken. We show that large-scale shifts in commodity systems and diets have taken place when public-funded technological innovation is scaled-up by the private sector under supportive state and international policy regimes, highlighting pathways between commodity systems transformation and food-system transitions. Our analysis suggests that the desired sustainability transition will require public policy leadership and private-sector technological innovation alongside consumers who culturally value and can afford healthy, sustainable diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tressa Arbow
- School of Marine & Environmental Affairs, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Maya Almaraz
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- John Muir Institute of the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jane Dixon
- Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Courtney Scarborough
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - Laura Vang Rasmussen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew Salter
- School of Biosciences and Future Food Beacon, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin S Halpern
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sun T, Wang K, Wyman B, Sudibyo H, Liu G, Beal C, Manning S, Johnson ZI, Aydemir TB, Tester JW, Lei XG. Supplemental dietary full-fatted and defatted Desmodesmus sp. exerted similar effects on growth performance, gut health, and excreta hydrothermal liquefaction of broiler chicks. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
18
|
Sharma G, Shin EJ, Sharma N, Nah SY, Mai HN, Nguyen BT, Jeong JH, Lei XG, Kim HC. Glutathione peroxidase-1 and neuromodulation: Novel potentials of an old enzyme. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 148:111945. [PMID: 33359022 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) acts in co-ordination with other signaling molecules to exert its own antioxidant role. We have demonstrated the protective effects of GPx,/GPx-1, a selenium-dependent enzyme, on various neurodegenerative disorders (i.e., Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, and convulsive disorders). In addition, we summarized the recent findings indicating that GPx-1 might play a role as a neuromodulator in neuropsychiatric conditions, such as, stress, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and drug intoxication. In this review, we attempted to highlight the mechanistic scenarios mediated by the GPx/GPx-1 gene in impacting these neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and hope to provide new insights on the therapeutic interventions against these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garima Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Huynh Nhu Mai
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Pharmacy Faculty, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, 900000, Viet Nam
| | - Bao Trong Nguyen
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhu S, Portman M, Cleveland BM, Magnuson AD, Wu K, Sealey W, Lei XG. Replacing fish oil and astaxanthin by microalgal sources produced different metabolic responses in juvenile rainbow trout fed 2 types of practical diets. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:skaa403. [PMID: 33515472 PMCID: PMC8355477 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fish oil supplementation provides n-3 long-chained polyunsaturated fatty acids for supporting fish growth and metabolism and enriching fillet with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; c22:6n-3). Two experiments were performed as a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments for 16 wk to determine effects and mechanisms of replacing 0%, 50%, and 100% fish oil with DHA-rich microalgae in combination with synthetic vs. microalgal source of astaxanthin in plant protein meal (PM)- or fishmeal (FM)- based diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish (22 ± 0.26 g) were stocked at 17/tank and 3 tanks/diet. The 100% fish oil replacement impaired (P < 0.0001) growth performance, dietary protein and energy utilization, body indices, and tissue accumulation of DHA and EPA in both diet series. The impairments were associated (P < 0.05) with upregulation of hepatic gene expression related to growth (ghr1and igf1) and biosynthesis of DHA and EPA (fads6 and evol5) that was more dramatic in the FM than PM diet-fed fish, and more pronounced on tissue EPA than DHA concentrations. The source of astaxanthin exerted interaction effects with the fish oil replacement on several measures including muscle total cholesterol concentrations. In conclusion, replacing fish oil by the DHA-rich microalgae produced more negative metabolic responses than the substitution of synthetic astaxanthin by the microalgal source in juvenile rainbow trout fed 2 types of practical diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanli Zhu
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
- College of Agriculture, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Mark Portman
- Bozeman Fish Technology Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bozeman, MT
| | - Beth M Cleveland
- USDA, ARS National Center for Cool and Cold Water Research, Kearneysville, WV
| | | | - Kun Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Wendy Sealey
- Bozeman Fish Technology Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bozeman, MT
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang X, Yang S, Li S, Zhao L, Hao Y, Qin J, Zhang L, Zhang C, Bian W, Zuo L, Gao X, Zhu B, Lei XG, Gu Z, Cui W, Xu X, Li Z, Zhu B, Li Y, Chen S, Guo H, Zhang H, Sun J, Zhang M, Hui Y, Zhang X, Liu X, Sun B, Wang L, Qiu Q, Zhang Y, Li X, Liu W, Xue R, Wu H, Shao D, Li J, Zhou Y, Li S, Yang R, Pedersen OB, Yu Z, Ehrlich SD, Ren F. Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents. Gut 2020; 69:2131-2142. [PMID: 32241904 PMCID: PMC7677483 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with renal failure suffer from symptoms caused by uraemic toxins, possibly of gut microbial origin, as deduced from studies in animals. The aim of the study is to characterise relationships between the intestinal microbiome composition, uraemic toxins and renal failure symptoms in human end-stage renal disease (ESRD). DESIGN Characterisation of gut microbiome, serum and faecal metabolome and human phenotypes in a cohort of 223 patients with ESRD and 69 healthy controls. Multidimensional data integration to reveal links between these datasets and the use of chronic kidney disease (CKD) rodent models to test the effects of intestinal microbiome on toxin accumulation and disease severity. RESULTS A group of microbial species enriched in ESRD correlates tightly to patient clinical variables and encode functions involved in toxin and secondary bile acids synthesis; the relative abundance of the microbial functions correlates with the serum or faecal concentrations of these metabolites. Microbiota from patients transplanted to renal injured germ-free mice or antibiotic-treated rats induce higher production of serum uraemic toxins and aggravated renal fibrosis and oxidative stress more than microbiota from controls. Two of the species, Eggerthella lenta and Fusobacterium nucleatum, increase uraemic toxins production and promote renal disease development in a CKD rat model. A probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis decreases abundance of these species, reduces levels of toxins and the severity of the disease in rats. CONCLUSION Aberrant gut microbiota in patients with ESRD sculpts a detrimental metabolome aggravating clinical outcomes, suggesting that the gut microbiota will be a promising target for diminishing uraemic toxicity in those patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03010696).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xifan Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Songtao Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Hao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lian Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Oncology, Beijing University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weijing Bian
- Renal Division, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Zhenglong Gu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Wei Cui
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xiping Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Southern Medical University, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Benzhong Zhu
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shangwu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Hui
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Longjiao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinglu Qiu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqian Liu
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Xue
- Shanghai SLAC Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd, Shanghai Laboratory Animal Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - DongHua Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junling Li
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | - Oluf Borbye Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kobenhavns Universitet, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China .,State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Stanislav Dusko Ehrlich
- Metagenopolis, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MGP, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France .,Dental Institute, King's College London, London, London, UK
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang X, Xiong W, Chen LL, Huang JQ, Lei XG. Selenoprotein V protects against endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative injury induced by pro-oxidants. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:670-679. [PMID: 32846216 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Selenoprotein V (SELENOV) contains a thioredoxin-like fold and a conserved CxxU motif with a potential redox function. This study was to assess its in vivo and in vitro roles and mechanisms in coping with different oxidant insults. In Experiment (Expt.)1, SELENOV knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice (male, 8-wk old) were given an ip injection of saline, diquat (DQ, 12.5 mg/kg), or N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (APAP, 300 mg/kg) (n = 10), and killed 5 h after the injection. In Expt. 2, primary hepatocytes of WT and KO were treated with DQ (0-0.75 mM) or APAP (0-6 mM) for 12 h. In Expt. 3, 293 T cells overexpressing Selenov gene (OE) were treated with APAP (0-4 mM) for 24 h or H2O2 (0-0.4 mM) for 12 h. Compared with the WT, the DQ- and APAP-injected KO mice had higher (P < 0.05) serum alanine aminotransferase activities and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins (BIP and CHOP), apoptosis-related proteins (FAK and caspase-9), and 3-nitrotyrosine, along with lower total anti-oxidizing-capability (T-AOC) and severer hepatic necrosis. Likewise, the DQ and APAP-treated KO hepatocytes had elevated (P < 0.05) cell death (10-40%), decreased (P < 0.05) T-AOC (63-83%), glutathione (26-87%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (28-36%), mRNA levels of redox enzymes (Cat, Gcs, Gpx3, and Sod) and (or) sharper declines (P < 0.05) in cellular respiration and ATP production than that of the WT cells. In contrast, the OE cells had greater viability and T-AOC and lower MDA, and carbonyl contents after the APAP and H2O2 exposures (all at P < 0.05) than the controls. Moreover, the OE cells had greater (P < 0.05) redox enzyme activities (GPX, TrxR, and SOD), and lower (P < 0.05) expressions of ER stress-related genes (Atf4, Atf6, Bip, Xbp1t, Xbp1s, and Chop) and proteins (BIP, CHOP, FAK, and caspase-9) than the control cells after the treatment of H2O2 (0.4 mM). In conclusion, SELENOV conferred protections in vivo and in vitro against the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species-mediated ER stress-related signaling and oxidative injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ling-Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mai HN, Pham DT, Chung YH, Sharma N, Cheong JH, Yun J, Nah SY, Jeong JH, Gen Lei X, Shin EJ, Nabeshima T, Kim HC. Glutathione peroxidase-1 knockout potentiates behavioral sensitization induced by cocaine in mice via σ-1 receptor-mediated ERK signaling: A comparison with the case of glutathione peroxidase-1 overexpressing transgenic mice. Brain Res Bull 2020; 164:107-120. [PMID: 32822804 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated that the gene of glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1), a major antioxidant enzyme, is a potential protectant against the neurotoxicity and conditioned place preference induced by cocaine. Because the sigma (σ)-1 receptor is implicated in cocaine-induced drug dependence, we investigated whether the GPx-1 gene modulates the σ-1 receptor in the behavioral sensitization induced by cocaine. Cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization was more pronounced in GPx-1 knockout (KO) than wild-type (WT) mice and was less pronounced in GPx-1 overexpressing transgenic (GPx-1 TG) than non-TG mice. Cocaine treatment significantly enhanced the oxidative burden and reduced the GSH levels in the striatum of WT, GPx-1 KO, and non-TG mice but not in that of GPx-1 TG mice. In addition, cocaine significantly increased the nuclear translocation, its DNA binding activity of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) as well as the mRNA expression of γ-glutamylcysteine (GCL). The genetic depletion of GPx-1 inhibited the Nrf2-related glutathione system, whereas the genetic overexpression of GPx-1 activated this system against behavioral sensitization. BD1047, a σ-1 receptor antagonist, and U0126, an ERK inhibitor significantly induced the Nrf2-related antioxidant potential against behavioral sensitization. Unlike BD1047, U0126 did not affect the cocaine-induced σ-1 receptor immunoreactivity, suggesting that the σ-1 receptor is an upstream molecule for ERK signaling. Importantly, BD1047 and U0126 failed to affect the σ-1 receptor immunoreactivity and ERK phosphorylation induced by cocaine in GPx-1 TG mice. Our results suggest that GPx-1 is a critical mediator for the attenuation of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization via modulating σ-1 receptor-mediated ERK activation by the induction of the Nrf2-related system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nhu Mai
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Pharmacy Faculty, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, 900000, Viet Nam
| | - Duc Toan Pham
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Chung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cheong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuk Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Magnuson AD, Liu G, Sun T, Tolba SA, Xi L, Whelan R, Lei XG. Supplemental methionine and stocking density affect antioxidant status, fatty acid profiles, and growth performance of broiler chickens. J Anim Sci 2020; 98:5811254. [PMID: 32207523 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Broilers stocked in high densities may be prone to oxidative and inflammatory insults, resulting in impaired health status, growth performance, and meat quality. This study was to determine if 30% extra supplemental dl-methionine alleviated or prevented those adverse effects of a higher stocking density in broiler chickens. A total of 560 male Cornish Cross cockerels (day old) were divided into four groups: two stocking densities (9 and 12 birds/m2) and two supplementations of methionine (grower: 2.90 or 3.77 g/kg and finisher: 2.60 or 3.38 g/kg). Growth performance was recorded weekly. Blood and tissues were sampled at the end of each period. High stocking density decreased (P < 0.05) body weight and growth performance of growers and (or) finishers. Those differences were partially attenuated by the extra methionine supplementation. The high methionine elevated (P < 0.05) glutathione (GSH) concentration in the thigh at both ages (> 24%). The high stocking density elevated (>28%, P < 0.05) glutathione concentration in the plasma, breast, and thigh of growers, but decreased (P < 0.05) it in the liver of growers and thigh of finishers. Interaction effects (P < 0.05) between dietary methionine and stocking density were found on activities of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione S-transferase in the liver of growers and breast, thigh, and adipose tissue of finishers. The interaction effect was also found on activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the thigh of growers. The extra methionine decreased (P < 0.05) hepatic gene expression of heat shock protein 90 (18%) and thigh and breast malondialdehyde concentrations of the finishers (35%). In conclusion, the 30% extra dl-methionine supplementation was able to partially mitigate adverse effects caused by the higher stocking density and to improve the redox status of the broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Guanchen Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Samar A Tolba
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Lin Xi
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Rose Whelan
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Hanau, Germany
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang JC, Wang L, Huang YK, Zhang L, Ma R, Gao S, Hu CM, Maamer J, Pierre C, Preynat A, Lei XG, Sun LH. Effect of a Multi-Carbohydrase and Phytase Complex on the Ileal and Total Tract Digestibility of Nutrients in Cannulated Growing Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10081434. [PMID: 32824421 PMCID: PMC7460083 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study evaluated the influence of a multi-carbohydrase and phytase complex (MCPC) on the ileal and total tract digestibility of nutrients in growing pigs. A total of eight barrows (initial BW = 30.7 ± 1.1 kg) were surgically fitted with a T-cannula at the distal ileum and randomly allotted to four groups. The experiment was conducted according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design, each period lasting 10 days. Pigs were fed four experimental diets, which consisted of two basal diets (BD1, low phytate; BD2, high phytate) with or without MCPC containing at least 1800 U xylanase, 6600 U α-arabinofuranosidase, 1244 U β-glucanase, and 1000 U phytase per/kg corn-soybean meal with 15% corn distillers based diet. The high phytate diet reduced (p < 0.05) the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein by 1.4% and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of organic matter, crude protein, and gross energy by 1.7, 2.3, and 1.9%, respectively, and tended to decrease (p = 0.10) the ATTD of Ca by 17.3%, relative to the low phytate diet. The dietary supplementation of the MCPC increased (p < 0.05) the AID of phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) by 34.2% and 31.1% for BD1 and 26.7% and 41.3% for BD2, respectively, and increased (p < 0.05) ATTD of crude fat, P, and Ca by 1.4%, 45.6%, and 9.6% for BD1 and 3.1%, 66.0%, and 52.7% for BD2, respectively. The MCPC supplementation did not significantly increase the AID and (or) ATTD of crude protein, organic matter, and starch. In conclusion, the dietary supplementation of the MCPC could improve the AID of P and Ca and the ATTD of crude fat, P, and Ca.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Yang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.-C.Y.); (Y.-K.H.); (L.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Ya-Kuan Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.-C.Y.); (Y.-K.H.); (L.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.-C.Y.); (Y.-K.H.); (L.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.-C.Y.); (Y.-K.H.); (L.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Si Gao
- Demonstration Center of Hubei Province for Experimental Animal Science Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Chang-Min Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Jlali Maamer
- Adisseo France S.A.S., Center of Expertise in Research and Nutrition, 03600 Commentry, France; (J.M.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Cozannet Pierre
- Adisseo France S.A.S., Center of Expertise in Research and Nutrition, 03600 Commentry, France; (J.M.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Aurélie Preynat
- Adisseo France S.A.S., Center of Expertise in Research and Nutrition, 03600 Commentry, France; (J.M.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.-C.Y.); (Y.-K.H.); (L.Z.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-130-0712-1983
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ren ZZ, Yan JK, Pan C, Liu YL, Wen HY, Yang X, Huang XH, Lei XG, Yang XJ. Supplemental Nicotinamide Dose-Dependently Regulates Body Phosphorus Excretion via Altering Type II Sodium-Phosphate Co-Transporter Expressions in Laying Hens. J Nutr 2020; 150:2070-2076. [PMID: 32470983 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary supplemental nicotinamide is used to treat hyperphosphatemia in humans. However, the mechanisms of its impact on body phosphorus homeostasis remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This study was to determine effects and molecular mechanisms of 3 dietary nicotinamide concentrations on body phosphorus homeostasis in laying hens. METHODS Hy-Line Brown layers (total = 21; 40 wk old; body weight: 1,876 ± 24 g) were individually housed (n = 7) and fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet supplemented with nicotinamide at 20 (N20), 140 (N140), and 1000 (N1000) mg/kg for 21 d. Serum phosphorus and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) concentrations, phosphorus and calcium excretion, and mRNA and/or protein of type II sodium-phosphate co-transporters (NPt2a, NPt2ab) and FGF23 and FGF23 receptors were measured in the intestines, calvaria, kidney, and liver. RESULTS Hens in the N1000 group had a 16% lower serum phosphorus concentration and 22% greater phosphorus excretion than those in the N20 or N140 group (P ≤ 0.05). Compared with hens in the N20 group, hens in the N140 and N1000 groups, which did not differ, had 15-21% lower serum FGF23 concentrations, 19-22% greater calcium excretion, 43-56% lower ileum NPT2b protein production, and 1.5- to 1.6-fold greater kidney NPT2a protein production, respectively (all differences at P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Supplementing high concentrations of nicotinamide in diets for laying hens led to accelerated phosphorus and calcium excretions and decreased serum phosphorus and FGF23 concentrations, which were associated with downregulated intestinal NPt2b protein production. Our findings exclude kidney NPt2a protein production as a primary mechanism for the nicotinamide-induced body phosphorus loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zheng Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Kun Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chong Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Li Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Yu Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Huo Huang
- Nano Vitamin Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Xiao Jun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tolba SA, Magnuson AD, Sun T, Lei XG. Dietary supplemental microalgal astaxanthin modulates molecular profiles of stress, inflammation, and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens and laying hens under high ambient temperatures. Poult Sci 2020; 99:4853-4860. [PMID: 32988522 PMCID: PMC7810900 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was to determine effects of supplemental dietary microalgal astaxanthin (AST) on hepatic gene expression and protein production of redox enzymes, heat shock proteins (HSPs), cytokines, and lipid metabolism in broilers (BR) and laying hens (LH) under high ambient temperatures. A total of 240 (day old) Cornish male BR and 50 (19 wk old) White Leghorn Shavers LH were allotted in 5 dietary treatments with 6 and 10 cages/treatment (8 BR or 1 LH/cage), respectively. The birds were fed corn-soybean meal basal diets supplemented with microalgal (Haematococcus pluvialis) AST at 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg diet for 6 wk. Supplemental AST to the BR diet linearly decreased (P < 0.10, R2 = 0.18–0.36) hepatic mRNA levels of several redox status-controlling genes, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSTF1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), tumor necrosis factor-α, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1). The supplementation linearly elevated (P = 0.04, R2 = 0.20) diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) mRNA level and produced quadratic changes (P < 0.10, R2 = 0.15–0.47) in mRNA levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), serine/threonine kinase (AKT1), P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38MAKP), lipid metabolism–controlling genes, and the protein production of HSP90 and P38MAPK in the liver. Supplementing AST to the LH diets linearly decreased (P < 0.10, R2 = 0.18–0.56) mRNA levels of GST, HSF1, JNK1, and interleukin 10; lipogenesis genes; and JNK1 protein production. However, supplemental dietary AST produced quadratic changes (P < 0.10, R2 = 0.26–0.72) in mRNA levels of most antioxidant-, stress-responsive, and lipid metabolism–related genes in the liver of LH. In conclusion, supplemental dietary AST affected the hepatic gene expression and protein production related to redox status, heat stress and inflammation, and lipid metabolism in both BR and LH. The impacts varied with the chicken type and demonstrated linear and quadratic regressions with the inclusion levels of AST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar A Tolba
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Tao Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhao Z, Kim J, Lei XG. High Dietary Fat and Selenium Concentrations Exert Tissue- and Glutathione Peroxidase 1-Dependent Impacts on Lipid Metabolism of Young-Adult Mice. J Nutr 2020; 150:1738-1748. [PMID: 32386229 PMCID: PMC7330460 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive dietary selenium (Se; 3 mg/kg) or fat (>25%) intakes and overproduction of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) adversely affect body lipid metabolism. OBJECTIVE The objective was to reveal impacts and mechanisms of a moderately high Se and a high fat intake on lipid metabolism in Gpx1 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. METHODS The KO and WT mice (males, 12-wk-old, body weight = 24.8 ± 0.703 g) were allotted to 4 groups each (n = 5) and fed a sucrose-torula yeast basal diet (5% corn oil) supplemented with 0.3 or 1.0 mg (+Se) Se/kg (as sodium selenite) and 0% or 25% [high-fat (HF)] lard for 6 wk. Multiple physiological and molecular biomarkers (68) related to lipid metabolism and selenogenome expression in plasma, liver, and/or adipose tissue were analyzed by 2-way (+Se by HF) ANOVA. RESULTS Compared with the control diet, the +Se diet decreased (P < 0.05) body-weight gain and plasma and liver concentrations of lipids (22-66%) but elevated (≤1.5-fold, P < 0.05) adipose tissue concentrations of lipids in the WT mice. The +Se diet up- and downregulated (P < 0.05) mRNA and/or protein concentrations of factors related to lipogenesis, selenogenome, and transcription, stress, and cell cycle in the liver (26% to 176-fold) and adipose tissues (14% to 1-fold), respectively, compared with the control diet in the WT mice. Many of these +Se diet effects were different (P < 0.05) from those of the HF diet and were eliminated or altered (P < 0.05) by the KO. CONCLUSIONS The +Se and HF diets exerted tissue-specific and GPX1 expression-dependent impacts on lipid metabolism and related gene expression in the young-adult mice. Our findings will help reveal metabolic potential and underlying mechanisms of supplementing moderately high Se to subjects with HF intakes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jonggun Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang H, Vatamaniuk M, Zhao Z, Lei XG. Altering Two Major Redox Enzymes Affected Expression and Function of Murine REG Family Proteins. Curr Dev Nutr 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa067_077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
We previously revealed a substantially-suppressed expression of regenerating islets-derived protein 2 (Reg2) in murine pancreatic islets by overexpression of glutathione peroxidase-1 (Gpx1-OE). Two experiments were conducted to determine: 1) how knockouts of Gpx1 and superoxide dismutase-1 (Sod1) alone and together (dKO) affected the expression profiles of the full Reg family genes in three tissues; and 2) how GPX1 and SOD1 activities regulated effects of REG2 on islet proliferation.
Methods
In Expt. 1, six groups of mice (Gpx1−/−, Gpx1-OE, and their wild-type, WT1; Sod1−/−, dKO, and their WT2) (male, 2–4 months old (n = 6 – 8) were fed an Se-adequate diet and killed to collect islets, liver, and intestine samples. In Expt. 2, islets isolated from the 6 groups of mice were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium and treated with recombinant REG2 and REG2 mutant proteins (1 μg/mL), GPX mimic (ebselen, 50 μM) and SOD mimic (CuDIP, 10 μM) for 48 h. The proliferation of islets was estimated using the bromodeoxyuridine (Sigma) assay.
Results
Compared with the WT1 mice, the Gpx1−/− mice had greater (P < 0.05) and the Gpx1-OE mice had lower (P < 0.05) mRNA levels of all 7 assayed Reg genes with a few exceptions of Reg3ẞ,Reg3δ, or Reg4 in the three tissues. Similar inductions of the 7 Reg mRNA levels were also seen in the islets of Sod1−/− and dKO mice over their controls. However, responses of these 7 genes in the liver and intestine of these two genotypes in comparison with the controls were less consistent. The incubation of islets with REG2, but not the REG2 mutant, inhibited islet proliferation in the Gpx1−/−, Sod1−/−, dKO, and Gpx1-OE groups, where no such effect was seen in the two WT groups. Co-incubations of islets with CuDIP and ebselen partially blocked the REG2 inhibitory effect on the islet proliferation.
Conclusions
Altering GPX1 and SOD1 expression and activity affected the Reg family gene expression in the islets, liver, and intestine of mice as well as the function of REG2 protein in the islets. Our results reveal a novel dependence of the REG family protein expression and function on cellular redox status.
Funding Sources
This research was supported in an NIH grant DK 53,018.
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhang X, Xiong W, Huang J, Lei XG. Selenoprotein V Protects Against Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Apoptosis. Curr Dev Nutr 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa067_085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Selenoprotein V (SELENOV) contains a thioredoxin-like fold and a conserved CxxU motif with a potential redox function. Three experiments were performed to assess its in vivo and in vitro roles and mechanisms in coping with different oxidant insults.
Methods
In Expt.1, SELENOV knockout (KO) and wildtype (WT) mice (male, 8-wk old) were given an IP injection of saline, diquat (DQ, 12.5 mg/kg), or acetaminophen (APAP, 300 mg/kg) (n = 10), and killed 5 h after the injection to collect liver and blood. In Expt. 2, primary hepatocytes were isolated from the 2 genotypes, cultured in complete Williams's medium E, and treated with DQ (0, 0.25 and 0.75 mM) and APAP (0, 1, 3, and 6 mM) for 12 h. In Expt. 3, 293 T cells were transfected with a control plasmid (GFP) or the plasmid containing Selenov gene (full length, OE) and treated with APAP (0, 1, 2, and 4 mM) for 24 h or H2O2 (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mM) for 12 h.
Results
In Expt. 1, the DQ and APAP injections caused greater (P < 0.05) rises in serum alanine aminotransferase activities, hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl contents, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins (BIP and CHOP), apoptosis-related proteins (FAK and caspase 9), and 3-nitrotyrosine, along with lower total anti-oxidizing-capability (T-AOC) and severer hepatocyte necrosis in the central lobular areas, in the KO than in the WT. In Expt. 2, the DQ and APAP treatments induced elevated (P < 0.05) cell death (20–40%), MDA contents (25–35%), and decreased (P < 0.05) T-AOC (50–65%) in the KO hepatocytes than in the WT cells. The KO hepatocytes treated with APAP displayed a sharp decline (P < 0.05) in cellular total respiration ability than the WT cells. In Expt. 3, the OE cells had greater viability and T-AOC and lower reactive oxygen species, MDA, and carbonyl contents after the APAP and H2O2 exposures (all at P < 0.05) than the controls. Moreover, the OE cells had greater (P < 0.05) redox enzyme activities (GPX, TrxR, and SOD), and lower (P < 0.05) expressions of ER stress-related genes (Atf4, Atf6, Bip, Xpp1t, Xbp1s, and Chop) and proteins (BIP, CHOP, FAK, caspase 9) than the controls after the treatment of H2O2 (0.4 mM).
Conclusions
Our data revealed the in vivo and in vitro roles and mechanisms of SELENOV in protecting against oxidative stress, ER stress, and apoptosis induced by pro-oxidants.
Funding Sources
This research is supported in part by an NSFC grant #31,320,103,920.
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen LL, Huang JQ, Xiao Y, Wu YY, Ren FZ, Lei XG. Knockout of Selenoprotein V Affects Regulation of Selenoprotein Expression by Dietary Selenium and Fat Intakes in Mice. J Nutr 2020; 150:483-491. [PMID: 31773160 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic function of selenoprotein V (SELENOV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES Two experiments were conducted to determine effects of the Selenov knockout (KO) on selenium concentration and mRNA, protein, and/or activity of 4 major selenoproteins [glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 1, GPX4, thioredoxin reductase-1 (TXNRD1), and selenoprotein P (SELENOP)] in the serum, liver, testis, and/or white adipose tissue (WAT) of mice fed different dietary selenium and fat concentrations. METHODS In Experiment (Expt) 1, 40 KO and 40 wild-type (WT) mice (males, 8 wk old) were fed (n = 10/genotype) a casein-sucrose basal diet plus 0, 0.3, 1, or 3 mg Se/kg (as sodium selenite) for 32 wk . In Expt 2, 20 KO and 20 WT mice (males, 8 wk old) were fed (n = 10/genotype) a normal-fat diet (NF; 10% calories from fat) or a high-fat diet (HF; 60% calories from fat) for 19 wk. RESULTS In Expt 1, the KO caused consistent or substantial decreases (P < 0.05) of mRNA amounts of Gpx1, Txnrd1, and Selenop in the testis (≤52%), but selenium concentrations (19-29%) and GPX activities (≤ 50%) were decreased in the liver across different dietary selenium concentrations . Hepatic and testis GPX1 protein was elevated (≤31%) and decreased (≤45%) by the KO, respectively. In Expt 2, the genotype and dietary fat intake exerted interaction effects ( P < 0.05) on Gpx1 mRNA amounts in the WAT; Gpx1, Txnrd1, and Selenop mRNA amounts and TXNRD activities in the testis; and selenium concentrations in the serum and liver. However, these 2 treatments produced largely independent or additive effects (P < 0.05) on the GPX1 and SELENOP protein amounts in the liver and testis (up to ± 50% changes). CONCLUSIONS The KO-mediated changes in the tissue selenium concentrations and functional expression of 3 major selenoproteins implied potential for SELENOV in regulating body selenium metabolism in the mouse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Li Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fa-Zheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu G, Magnuson AD, Sun T, Tolba SA, Starkey C, Whelan R, Lei XG. Supplemental methionine exerted chemical form-dependent effects on antioxidant status, inflammation-related gene expression, and fatty acid profiles of broiler chicks raised at high ambient temperature1. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:4883-4894. [PMID: 31710661 PMCID: PMC6915222 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was to explore metabolic effects of two forms and concentrations of supplemental methionine in grower and finisher diets for broiler chickens raised at high temperature. Male Cornish cockerel chicks (total = 360, day-old) were divided into four groups (10 pens/treatment, 9 chicks/pen) and fed with 100% or 130% required methionine in the diets as DL-methionine (DL-MET) or 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoate (HMTBA). The room was maintained at 4 to 13 °C above the suggested thermoneutral temperature. The higher concentration of both DL-MET and HMTBA enhanced (P < 0.05) hepatic GSH concentrations of the growers and plasma ferric reducing ability of the finishers. The DL-MET-fed growers had greater (P < 0.05%) muscle GSH and hepatic unsaturated fatty acid concentrations than those fed HMTBA. Expression of inflammation-related genes in the liver of finishers was affected (P < 0.05) by interaction effects of the methionine form and concentration. In conclusion, effects of the extra methionine supplementation on the high ambient temperature-related metabolic responses of broilers varied with their age and(or) tissue and the methionine form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanchen Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - Tao Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Samar A Tolba
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Charles Starkey
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
| | - Rose Whelan
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Hanau, Germany
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lu Z, Wang P, Teng T, Shi B, Shan A, Lei XG. Effects of Dietary Selenium Deficiency or Excess on Selenoprotein Gene Expression in the Spleen Tissue of Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9121122. [PMID: 31835880 PMCID: PMC6940954 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of dietary Se deficiency and excess on the mRNA levels of selenoproteins in pig spleen tissues, 20 healthy uncastrated boars (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, 10 ± 0.72 kg) were randomly divided into four groups (5 pigs per group). The pigs were fed a Se deficient corn-soybean basal feed (Se content <0.03 mg/kg) or basal feed with added sodium selenite at 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 mg Se/kg diet, respectively. The experiment lasted 16 weeks. The spleen tissue was collected to examine the mRNA expression levels of 24 selenoprotein genes at the end of the study. Compared with pigs in other groups, those fed with the 1.0 mg Se/kg diet had higher mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1), glutathione peroxidase 2 (Gpx2), deiodinase type II (Dio2), thioredoxin reductase 3 (Txnrd3), selenoprotein H (Selh), selenoprotein N, 1 (Sepn1), selenoprotein P1 (Sepp1), and selenoprotein V (Selv) in the spleen (p < 0.05). Dietary Se deficiency resulted in lower mRNA levels of Gpx1, Gpx2, glutathione peroxidase 3 (Gpx3), Dio2, thioredoxin reductase 2 (Txnrd2), Txnrd3, Selh, selenoprotein I (Seli), selenoprotein K (Selk), selenoprotein M (Selm), Sepn1, Sepp1, and Selv in the spleen than the other three groups. Dietary Se levels did not affect the mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), deiodinase type I (Dio1), deiodinase type III (Dio3), selenophosphate synthetase 2 (Sephs2), thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1), selenoprotein O (Selo), selenoprotein S (Sels), selenoprotein W (Selw), selenoprotein X (Selx), and selenoprotein 15 (Sel15) in the spleen (p > 0.05). Dietary Se levels can affect the transcription levels of 14 selenoprotein genes in the spleen of pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Lu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.L.); (P.W.); (T.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Pengzu Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.L.); (P.W.); (T.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Teng Teng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.L.); (P.W.); (T.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Baoming Shi
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.L.); (P.W.); (T.T.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-0451-5519-0685
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.L.); (P.W.); (T.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sun LH, Huang JQ, Deng J, Lei XG. Avian selenogenome: response to dietary Se and vitamin E deficiency and supplementation. Poult Sci 2019; 98:4247-4254. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
|
34
|
Tolba SA, Sun T, Magnuson AD, Liu GC, Abdel-Razik WM, El-Gamal MF, Lei XG. Supplemental Docosahexaenoic-Acid-Enriched Microalgae Affected Fatty Acid and Metabolic Profiles and Related Gene Expression in Several Tissues of Broiler Chicks. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:6497-6507. [PMID: 31083936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was to enrich docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in broiler tissues through feeding a DHA-rich microalgal biomass and to explore the underlying metabolic and molecular mechanisms. Hatchling Cornish male broilers (total = 192) were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet containing a full-fatted microalgae ( Aurantiochytrium) at 0%, 1%, 2%, and 4% for 6 weeks ( n = 6 cages/treatment, 8 birds/cage). The inclusion of microalgae led to dose-dependent ( P < 0.01) enrichments of DHA and decreases ( P < 0.01) of n-6/n-3 fatty acids (FAs) in plasma, liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. The microalgae supplementation also lowered ( P < 0.05-0.1) nonesterified FAs concentrations in the plasma, liver and adipose tissue. The mRNA abundances of most assayed genes involved in lipid metabolism were decreased ( P < 0.05) in the liver but elevated ( P < 0.05) in the adipose in response to the biomass supplementation. In conclusion, the biomass-resultant DHA enrichments in the broiler tissues were associated with a distinctive difference in the expression of lipid metabolism-controlling genes between the liver and adipose tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar A Tolba
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Zagazig University , Zagazig 44511 , Egypt
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Andrew D Magnuson
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Guanchen C Liu
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Walaa M Abdel-Razik
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Zagazig University , Zagazig 44511 , Egypt
| | - Mahmoud F El-Gamal
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Zagazig University , Zagazig 44511 , Egypt
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Manor ML, Derksen TJ, Magnuson AD, Raza F, Lei XG. Inclusion of Dietary Defatted Microalgae Dose-Dependently Enriches ω-3 Fatty Acids in Egg Yolk and Tissues of Laying Hens. J Nutr 2019; 149:942-950. [PMID: 31006820 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential for dietary microalgae to enrich eggs of laying hens with ω-3 (n-3) fatty acids, and the mechanisms involved, are unclear. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the effects and molecular regulation of a defatted Nannochloropsis oceanica microalgae (DNOM) biomass on the enrichment of the eggs and tissues of laying hens with ω-3 fatty acids. METHODS Fifty Shaver-White Leghorn hens (46 wk of age, body weight: 1.70 ± 0.27 kg) were individually caged (n = 10) and fed a corn-soy-based diet supplemented with DNOM at 0% (control), 2.86%, 5.75%, 11.5%, and 23% for 6 wk. Fatty acid profiles, health status, and related gene expression in eggs, blood, and tissues were performed at weeks 0, 2, 4, and 6. Data were analyzed by a combination of 1-factor ANOVA and correlation between DNOM doses and measures. RESULTS The DNOM produced linear (P < 0.01) enrichments of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and total ω-3 fatty acids in the egg yolk (R2 > 0.9) and of DHA in the liver, breast, and thigh (R2 = 0.66-0.82). Concentrations of EPA + DHA in the egg yolk and these 3 tissues of hens fed 11.5% and 23% DNOM were 1.4-2.1, 0.6-1, 3.3-5.3, and 6-7 times greater (P < 0.001) than those in the controls, respectively. The DNOM caused dose-dependent elevations (P < 0.01) of malic enzyme and elongases 3, 4, and 5 mRNA levels (R2 = 0.97, 0.78, 0.97, and 0.86, respectively), along with increased (P < 0.01) Δ5- and Δ6-desaturases and decreased (P < 0.01) Δ9-desaturase and acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 4 mRNA levels in the liver. CONCLUSIONS Feeding DNOM to laying hens produced dose-dependent enrichments of DHA in their eggs, liver, and muscles by regulating key genes involved in the elongation and desaturation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Our findings will help produce DHA-enriched eggs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan L Manor
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | | | - Fahad Raza
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Metabolic function of selenoprotein V (SELENOV) remains unknown, although we previously showed a strong correlation of its gene expression with the high-fat diet-induced obesity in pigs. This study was conducted to explore the role and mechanism of SELENOV in body fat metabolism.
Methods
We applied the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-targeting deletion to generate Selenovknockout (KO) mice (C57BL/6 J background). Male KO and their wild-type (WT) (8 weeks old, n = 10 per genotype by treatment group) were fed a normal diet (NF, 10% calories coming from fat) or a high-fat diet (HF, 60% calories coming from fat) for 27 weeks. At the end, body weights and composition of mice were recorded, and tissues were collected to assay for gene expression and protein production related to lipid metabolism.
Results
Body weights of the KO mice fed the NF or HF diet were 16–19% higher (P < 0.05) than those of the WT mice. Total fat mass of the KO mice was 54% higher (P < 0.05) than the WT mice fed either diet, whereas total lean mass of the KO mice was 5 and 35% lower (P < 0.05) than that of WT mice fed the NF and HF diets, respectively. Gene expression of key enzymes (Fasn, Acaca, Dgat1, and Lpl) involved in lipogenesis was elevated (P < 0.05) in the white adipose tissue of the KO mice compared with the WT mice. In contrast, differences in gene expression of enzymes related to lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation (Atgl, Hsl, Ces1d, and Cpt1a) between the two genotypes were exactly the opposite (P < 0.05). Consistently, levels of proteins related to lipid accumulation (pACC, ACC, FAS, and LPL) were upregulated (P < 0.05) and proteins related to lipolysis (ATGL, HSL, and pHSL) were down-regulated (P < 0.05) in the KO mice compared with the WT mice.
Conclusions
Knockout of Selenov predisposed the male mice to elevated lipogenesis and attenuated lipolyis, leading to the body fat accumulation. This illustrated role and mechanism of SELENOV helps explain our previously-reported correlation between its gene expression and the high-fat diet-induced obesity in pigs.
Funding Sources
This research was supported in part by a NSFC grant #31,320,103,920.
Collapse
|
37
|
Yun JW, Zhao Z, Yan X, Vatamaniuk M, Lei XG. Glutathione Peroxidase-1 Overexpression Inhibits Transcription of Regenerating Islet-Derived Protein-2 in Pancreatic Islets of Mice (OR11-07-19). Curr Dev Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz044.or11-07-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
We discovered a diminished expression of regenerating islet-derived protein 2 (REG2) in pancreatic islets of glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1) overexpressing (OE) mice. This research was to reveal underlying mechanisms for the suppression of Reg2 expression by GPX1 as a major scavenger of reactive oxygen species.
Methods
The OE and wild-type (WT) mice and(or) their islets were treated with ROS-generating diquat, streptozotocin, and H2O2 and ROS-scavenging ebselen and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Responses of REG2 mRNA and protein levels in the pancreas or islets to these treatments were determined. Thereafter, 13 transcriptional factors (TFs) with putative binding sites in the Reg2 proximate promoter was identified, and their mRNA and protein levels were analyzed in the OE and WT islets treated with ebselen, NAC, and H2O2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation of OE and WT islets and sub-sequential deletions of the binding sites in insulin secreting bTC-3 cells were performed to reveal the binding of TFs to the Reg2 promoter and the inhibition of the Reg2 promoter activation by ebselen.
Results
Pancreatic and islet REG2 protein production and(or) secretion were positively correlated (P < 0.05) with the intracellular ROS status. Among the 13 TFs, only activator protein-1 (AP-1) and albumin D box-binding protein (DBP) mRNA and protein levels were elevated (P < 0.05) in the OE pancreatic islets compared with the WT islets. Their mRNA abundances in the cultured islets were elevated (P < 0.05) by ebselen and NAC, but decreased (P < 0.05) by H2O2. These responses were contrary to those of Reg2 expression. The two TFs bound to the Reg2 promoter at the location of −168 to 0 base pair (bp). Deleting the AP-1 (−143/−137 and −60/−57 bp) and(or) DBP (−35/−29 bp) binding domains in the Reg2promoter attenuated and(or) abolished the inhibition of Reg2 promoter activation by ebselen.
Conclusions
The diminished Reg2 expression in the GPX1-overproducing pancreatic islets was mediated by a transcriptional inhibition of the gene through two ROS-responsive transcriptional factors, AP-1 and DBP. Our findings revealed GPX1 as a novel regulator of Reg2 expression. Linking these two previously-unrelated proteins will have broad biomedical implications.
Funding Sources
This research was supported in part by a NIH grant DK 53,018.
Collapse
|
38
|
Mai HN, Chung YH, Shin EJ, Jeong JH, Jung TW, Sharma N, Lei XG, Nah SY, Jang CG, Kim DJ, Yang BK, Kim HC. Overexpression of glutathione peroxidase-1 attenuates cocaine-induced reproductive dysfunction in male mice by inhibiting nuclear factor κB. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 307:136-146. [PMID: 31059705 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since reproductive toxicity is associated with oxidative stress, nuclear factor κB (NFκB), a redox-sensitive transcription factor, may be involved in the reproductive dysfunction induced by the abusive drug, such as cocaine. In the present study, we investigated whether NFκB mediates cocaine-induced reproductive dysfunction in male mice, and whether glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-1, a well-known enzymatic antioxidant, modulates NFκB activity to affect this reproductive dysfunction. Cocaine treatment significantly increased nuclear translocation of NFκB and its DNA binding activity in the testis of mice. Treatment with cocaine resulted in a significant increase in sperm abnormality, and in significant decreases in the sperm viability and sperm level. Furthermore, cocaine significantly reduced hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing-hormone expression and plasma testosterone level. These alterations were more pronounced in the GPx-1 knockout (GPx-1 KO) than wild type (WT) mice, and they were less pronounced in GPx-1 overexpressing transgenic (GPx-1 TG) than in non-transgenic (non-TG) mice. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an NFκB inhibitor, was more effective in attenuating cocaine-induced reproductive toxicity in GPx-1 KO than in WT mice. Although PDTC treatment was also significantly protective against the reproductive toxicity in non-TG mice, PDTC did not show additional positive effects against the protective potential mediated by GPx-1 overexpression in mice. Therefore, our results suggest that GPx-1 gene is a protective factor in response to reproductive dysfunction induced by cocaine in male mice, and that NFκB is a critical mediator of protective activity of GPx-1 gene in our experimental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nhu Mai
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Chung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woo Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Joong Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Boo-Keun Yang
- Department of Animal Resource Science, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yun JW, Zhao Z, Yan X, Vatamaniuk MZ, Lei XG. Glutathione peroxidase-1 inhibits transcription of regenerating islet-derived protein-2 in pancreatic islets. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 134:385-393. [PMID: 30703484 PMCID: PMC6588445 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Our group previously demonstrated that overexpression of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1) in mice (OE) led to escalated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and hyperinsulinemia. Because we found a strong correlation of this phenotype with a diminished expression of regenerating islet-derived protein 2 (REG2) in the OE pancreatic islets, the present study was to reveal underlying mechanisms for that down-regulation of REG2 by GPX1 as a major scavenger of reactive oxygen species. We first treated the OE and wild-type (WT) mice and their islets with ROS-generating diquat, streptozotocin, and H2O2 and ROS-scavenging ebselen and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Their effects on pancreatic and islet REG2 protein and(or) secretion were opposite (P < 0.05). Thereafter, we identified 13 transcriptional factors with putative binding sites in the Reg2 proximate promoter, and found that only activator protein-1 (AP-1) and albumin D box-binding protein (DBP) mRNA and protein levels were affected (elevated) (P < 0.05) by the GPX1 overproduction in the OE pancreatic islets compared with the WT islets. Contrary to that of Reg2 expression, their mRNA abundances in the cultured islets were elevated (P < 0.05) by ebselen and NAC, but decreased (P < 0.05) by H2O2. Both AP-1 and DBP could bind to the Reg2 promoter at the location of -168 to 0 base pair (bp) in the OE islets. Deleting the AP-1 (-143/-137 and -60/-57 bp) and(or) DBP (-35/-29 bp) binding domains in the Reg2 promoter attenuated and(or) abolished the inhibition of Reg2 promoter activation by ebselen as the GPX1 mimic in βTC-3 cells. In conclusion, the down-regulation of Reg2 expression in the GPX1-overproducing pancreatic islets was mediated by a transcriptional inhibition of the gene through two ROS responsive transcription factors AP-1 and DBP. Our findings reveal GPX1 as a novel regulator of Reg2 expression, and linking these two previously-unrelated proteins will have broad biomedical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Won Yun
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Zeping Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Xi Yan
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mai HN, Nguyen LTT, Shin EJ, Kim DJ, Jeong JH, Chung YH, Lei XG, Sharma N, Jang CG, Nabeshima T, Kim HC. Astrocytic mobilization of glutathione peroxidase-1 contributes to the protective potential against cocaine kindling behaviors in mice via activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:408-431. [PMID: 30592974 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Compelling evidence indicates that oxidative stress contributes to cocaine neurotoxicity. The present study was performed to elucidate the role of the glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1) in cocaine-induced kindling (convulsive) behaviors in mice. Cocaine-induced convulsive behaviors significantly increased GPx-1, p-IkB, and p-JAK2/STAT3 expression, and oxidative burdens in the hippocampus of mice. There was no significant difference in cocaine-induced p-IkB expression between non-transgenic (non-TG) and GPx-1 overexpressing transgenic (GPx-1 TG) mice, but significant differences were observed in cocaine-induced p-JAK2/STAT3 expression and oxidative stress between non-TG and GPx-1 TG mice. Cocaine-induced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-labeled astrocytic level was significantly higher in the hippocampus of GPx-1 TG mice. Triple-labeling immunocytochemistry indicated that GPx-1-, p-STAT3-, and GFAP-immunoreactivities were co-localized in the same cells. AG490, a JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor, but not pyrrolidone dithiocarbamate, an NFκB inhibitor, significantly counteracted GPx-1-mediated protective potentials (i.e., anticonvulsant-, antioxidant-, antiapoptotic-effects). Genetic overexpression of GPx-1 significantly attenuated proliferation of Iba-1-labeled microglia induced by cocaine in mice. However, AG490 or astrocytic inhibition (by GFAP antisense oligonucleotide and α-aminoadipate) significantly increased Iba-1-labeled microglial activity and M1 phenotype microglial mRNA levels, reflecting that proinflammatory potentials were mediated by AG490 or astrocytic inhibition. This microglial activation was less pronounced in GPx-1 TG than in non-TG mice. Furthermore, either AG490 or astrocytic inhibition significantly counteracted GPx-1-mediated protective potentials. Therefore, our results suggest that astrocytic modulation between GPx-1 and JAK2/STAT3 might be one of the underlying mechanisms for protecting against convulsive neurotoxicity induced by cocaine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nhu Mai
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Lan Thuy Ty Nguyen
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Joong Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Chung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; Aino University, Ibaraki 576-0012, Japan; Japanese Drug Organization of Appropriate and Research, Nagoya 468-0069, Japan
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Skalny AV, Lei XG, Tinkov AA. The joint 16th symposium on Trace Elements in Man and Animals (TEMA16), International Society for Trace Element Research in Humans (ISTERH-2017) and Nordic Trace Element Society (NTES), Saint-Petersburg, Russia, 26-29 June, 2017. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:461-464. [PMID: 29398240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia.
| | | | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Feed protein supplements are one of the most expensive and limiting feed ingredients. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of how the expected expansion of animal production, driven by the rising world population and living standards for more animal-sourced foods, is creating a global shortage of feed protein supply. Because ruminants, chickens, and pigs contribute to 96% of the global supply of animal protein and aquaculture is growing fast, means of meeting the feed protein requirements of these species are elaborated. Geographic variation and interdependence among China, Europe, and North America in the demand and supply of feed protein are compared. The potential and current state of exploration into alternative feed proteins, including microalgae, insects, single-cell proteins, and coproducts, are highlighted. Strategic innovations are proposed to upgrade feed protein processing and assessment, improve protein digestion by exogenous enzymes, and genetically select feed-efficient livestock breeds. An overall successful and sustainable solution in meeting global feed protein demands will lead to a substantial net gain of human-edible animal protein with a minimal environmental footprint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA;
| | - John F Less
- ADM Animal Nutrition, Decatur, Illinois 62526, USA;
| | - Li Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 510640 Guangzhou, China;
| | - Tianhai Yan
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Hillsborough, County Down, Northern Ireland BT26 6DR, United Kingdom;
| | - Viswanath Kiron
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049 Bodø, Norway;
| | - Sadasivam J Kaushik
- EcoAqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Taliarte, 35214 Telde, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain;
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Much less research on regulation and function of selenoproteins has been conducted in domestic pigs than in rodents or humans, although pigs are an excellent model of human nutrition and medicine and pork is a widely consumed meat in the world. Phylogenetically, the 25 identified porcine selenoproteins fell into two primitive groups, and might be further divided into three parallel branches. Despite a high similarity to that of humans and rodents, the porcine selenoproteome exhibited the closest evolutionary relationship with that of sheep and cattle among eight domestic species. Expression (mRNA, protein, and/or enzyme activity) of 2/3 of the 25 porcine selenoproteins in various tissues of pigs was affected by dietary Se intakes, and 14 of them showed responses to a high fat diet. When dietary Se deficiency mainly down-regulated the expression of selected selenoproteins, dietary Se excess exerted rather diverse effects on their expression. Overdosing pigs with dietary Se induced hyperinsulinemia, along with lipid accumulation and protein increase, in the liver and muscle by affecting key genes and(or) proteins involved in the metabolisms of glucose, lipid, and protein. In conclusion, expression of porcine selenoproteins was highly responsive to dietary Se and fat intakes, and was involved in body glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism as those of rodents and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ze-Ping Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Ji-Chang Zhou
- School of Public Health School (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518100, China; Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Huang JQ, Zhou JC, Wu YY, Ren FZ, Lei XG. Role of glutathione peroxidase 1 in glucose and lipid metabolism-related diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 127:108-115. [PMID: 29800654 PMCID: PMC6168395 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) is a selenium-dependent enzyme that reduces intracellular hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides. While past research explored regulations of gene expression and biochemical function of this selenoperoxidase, GPX1 has recently been implicated in the onset and development of chronic diseases. Clinical data have shown associations of human GPX1 gene variants with elevated risks of diabetes. Knockout and overexpression of Gpx1 in mice may induce types 1 and 2 diabetes-like phenotypes, respectively. This review assembles the latest advances in this new field of selenium biology, and attempts to postulate signal and molecular mechanisms mediating the role of GPX1 in glucose and lipid metabolism-related diseases. Potential therapies by harnessing the beneficial effects of this ubiquitous redox-modulating enzyme are briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, China
| | - Ji-Chang Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518100, China; Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fa-Zheng Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tao L, Sun T, Magnuson AD, Qamar TR, Lei XG. Defatted Microalgae-Mediated Enrichment of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Chicken Muscle Is Not Affected by Dietary Selenium, Vitamin E, or Corn Oil. J Nutr 2018; 148:1547-1555. [PMID: 30204898 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously showed enrichments of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in broiler chicks fed defatted microalgae. Objectives The aims of this study were to determine 1) if the enrichments affected meat texture and were enhanced by manipulating dietary corn oil, selenium, and vitamin E concentrations and 2) how the enrichments corroborated with hepatic gene expression involved in biosynthesis and oxidation of EPA and DHA. Methods Day-old hatching Cornish Giant cockerels (n = 216) were divided into 6 groups (6 cages/group and 6 chicks/cage). Chicks were fed 1 of the 6 diets: a control diet containing 4% corn oil, 25 IU vitamin E/kg, and 0.2 mg Se/kg (4CO), 4CO + 10% microalgae (defatted Nannochloropsis oceanica; 4CO+ MA), 4CO+ MA - 2% corn oil (2CO+MA), 2CO+MA + 75 IU vitamin E/kg (2CO+MA+E), 2CO+MA + 0.3 mg Se/kg (2CO+MA+Se), and 2CO+MA+E + 0.3 mg Se/kg (2CO+MA+E+Se). After 6 wk, fatty acid profiles, DHA and EPA biosynthesis and oxidation, gene expression, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant status, and meat texture were measured in liver, muscles, or both. Results Compared with the control diet, defatted microalgae (4CO+MA) enriched (P < 0.05) DHA and EPA by ≤116 and 24 mg/100 g tissue in the liver and muscles, respectively, and downregulated (41-76%, P < 0.01) hepatic mRNA abundance of 4 cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP2C23b, CYP2D6, CYP3A5, CYP4V2). Supplemental microalgae decreased (50-82%, P < 0.05) lipid peroxidation and improved (16-28%, P < 0.05) antioxidant status in the liver, muscles, or both. However, the microalgae-mediated enrichments in the muscles were not elevated by altering dietary corn oil, vitamin E, or selenium and did not affect meat texture. Conclusion The microalgae-mediated enrichments of DHA and EPA in the chicken muscles were associated with decreased hepatic gene expression of their oxidation, but were not further enhanced by altering dietary corn oil, vitamin E, or selenium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tao
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - Tahir R Qamar
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Shin EJ, Hwang YG, Pham DT, Lee JW, Lee YJ, Pyo D, Jeong JH, Lei XG, Kim HC. Glutathione peroxidase-1 overexpressing transgenic mice are protected from neurotoxicity induced by microcystin-leucine-arginine. Environ Toxicol 2018; 33:1019-1028. [PMID: 30076769 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although it has been well-recognized that microcystin-leucine-arginine (MCLR), the most common form of microcystins, induces neurotoxicity, little is currently known about the underlying mechanism for this neurotoxicity. Here, we found that MCLR (10 ng/μL/mouse, i.c.v.) induces significant neuronal loss in the hippocampus of mice. MCLR-induced neurotoxicity was accompanied by oxidative stress, as shown by a significant increase in the level of 4-hydroxynonenal, protein carbonyl, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) activity was significantly increased, but glutathione peroxidase (GPx) level was significantly decreased following MCLR insult. In addition, MCLR significantly inhibited GSH/GSSG ratio, and significantly induced NFκB DNA binding activity. Because reduced activity of GPx appeared to be critical for the imbalance between activities of SODs and GPx, we utilized GPx-1 overexpressing transgenic mice to ascertain the role of GPx-1 in this neurotoxicity. Genetic overexpression of GPx-1 or NFκB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) significantly attenuated MCLR-induced hippocampal neuronal loss in mice. However, PDTC did not exert any additive effect on neuroprotection mediated by GPx-1 overexpression, indicating that NFκB is a neurotoxic target of MCLR. Combined, these results suggest that MCLR-induced neurotoxicity requires oxidative stress associated with failure in compensatory induction of GPx, possibly through activation of the transcription factor NFκB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Gwang Hwang
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc Toan Pham
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jeung Lee
- Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjin Pyo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, New York
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lei XG, Burk RF. 90th Anniversary Commentary: Beginning of the Selenoprotein Era. J Nutr 2018; 148:1652-1655. [PMID: 30281110 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Raymond F Burk
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mai HN, Jung TW, Kim DJ, Sharma G, Sharma N, Shin EJ, Jang CG, Nah SY, Lee SH, Chung YH, Lei XG, Jeong JH, Kim HC. Protective potential of glutathione peroxidase-1 gene against cocaine-induced acute hepatotoxic consequences in mice. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:1502-1520. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nhu Mai
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woo Jung
- Research Administration Team; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seongnam 13620 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Joong Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Garima Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy; Chung-Ang University; Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Chung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine; Chung-Ang University; Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science; Cornell University; Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine; Chung-Ang University; Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sun T, Yin R, Magnuson AD, Tolba SA, Liu G, Lei XG. Dose-Dependent Enrichments and Improved Redox Status in Tissues of Broiler Chicks under Heat Stress by Dietary Supplemental Microalgal Astaxanthin. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:5521-5530. [PMID: 29733582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AST) is a well-known carotenoid with a high antioxidant capacity. This study was designed to evaluate the nutritional and metabolic effects of microalgal AST added to the diets of broiler chicks under heat stress. A total of 240 Cornish male chicks (1 day old) were divided into six cages per treatment (eight chicks per cage) and fed a corn-soybean meal diet supplemented with AST from Haematococcus pluvialis at 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg for 6 weeks. Heat stress was employed during weeks 4-6. The supplementation led to dose-dependent enrichments ( P < 0.05) of AST and total carotenoids in the plasma, the liver, and the breast and thigh muscles. There were similar enhancements ( P < 0.05) of oxygen-radical-absorbance capacities, but there were decreases or mixed responses ( P < 0.05) of glutathione concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activities in the tissues. In conclusion, supplemental dietary microalgal AST was bioavailable to the chicks and enriched in their tissues independent of heat stress, leading to coordinated changes in their endogenous antioxidant defense and meat quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Ran Yin
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Andrew D Magnuson
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Samar A Tolba
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Guanchen Liu
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yang T, Cao C, Yang J, Liu T, Lei XG, Zhang Z, Xu S. miR-200a-5p regulates myocardial necroptosis induced by Se deficiency via targeting RNF11. Redox Biol 2018; 15:159-169. [PMID: 29248830 PMCID: PMC5975215 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis has been discovered as a new paradigm of cell death and may play a key role in heart disease and selenium (Se) deficiency. Hence, we detected the specific microRNA (miRNA) in response to Se-deficient heart using microRNAome analysis. For high-throughput sequencing using Se-deficient chicken cardiac tissue, we selected miR-200a-5p and its target gene ring finger protein 11 (RNF11) based on differential expression in cardiac tissue and confirmed the relationship between miR-200a-5p and RNF11 by dual luciferase reporter assay and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) in cardiomyocytes. We further explored the function of miR-200a-5p and observed that overexpression of miR-200a-5p spark the receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (RIP3)-dependent necroptosis in vivo and in vitro. To understand whether miR-200a-5p and RNF11 are involved in the RIP3-dependent necroptosis pathway, we presumed that oxidative stress, inflammation response and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway might trigger necroptosis. Interestingly, necroptosis trigger, z-VAD-fmk, failed to induce necroptosis but enhanced cell survival against necrosis in cardiomyocytes with knockdown of miR-200a-5p. Our present study provides a new insight that the modulation of miR-200a-5p and its target gene might block necroptosis in the heart, revealing a novel myocardial necrosis regulation model in heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Yang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Changyu Cao
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|