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Rodrigues JS, Chenlo M, Bravo SB, Perez-Romero S, Suarez-Fariña M, Sobrino T, Sanz-Pamplona R, González-Prieto R, Blanco Freire MN, Nogueiras R, López M, Fugazzola L, Cameselle-Teijeiro JM, Alvarez CV. dsRNAi-mediated silencing of PIAS2beta specifically kills anaplastic carcinomas by mitotic catastrophe. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3736. [PMID: 38744818 PMCID: PMC11094195 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The E3 SUMO ligase PIAS2 is expressed at high levels in differentiated papillary thyroid carcinomas but at low levels in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATC), an undifferentiated cancer with high mortality. We show here that depletion of the PIAS2 beta isoform with a transcribed double-stranded RNA-directed RNA interference (PIAS2b-dsRNAi) specifically inhibits growth of ATC cell lines and patient primary cultures in vitro and of orthotopic patient-derived xenografts (oPDX) in vivo. Critically, PIAS2b-dsRNAi does not affect growth of normal or non-anaplastic thyroid tumor cultures (differentiated carcinoma, benign lesions) or cell lines. PIAS2b-dsRNAi also has an anti-cancer effect on other anaplastic human cancers (pancreas, lung, and gastric). Mechanistically, PIAS2b is required for proper mitotic spindle and centrosome assembly, and it is a dosage-sensitive protein in ATC. PIAS2b depletion promotes mitotic catastrophe at prophase. High-throughput proteomics reveals the proteasome (PSMC5) and spindle cytoskeleton (TUBB3) to be direct targets of PIAS2b SUMOylation at mitotic initiation. These results identify PIAS2b-dsRNAi as a promising therapy for ATC and other aggressive anaplastic carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana S Rodrigues
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miguel Chenlo
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana B Bravo
- Department of Proteomics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sihara Perez-Romero
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Suarez-Fariña
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomas Sobrino
- Department of NeuroAging Group - Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona
- University Hospital Lozano Blesa, Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISA), ARAID Foundation, Aragon Government and CIBERESP, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Román González-Prieto
- Cell Dynamics and Signaling Department, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla - CSIC - Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel Narciso Blanco Freire
- Department of Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Molecular Metabolism, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel López
- NeurObesity, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS); Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Clara V Alvarez
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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2
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Miller KA, Degan S, Wang Y, Cohen J, Ku SY, Goodrich DW, Gelman IH. PTEN-regulated PI3K-p110 and AKT isoform plasticity controls metastatic prostate cancer progression. Oncogene 2024; 43:22-34. [PMID: 37875657 PMCID: PMC10766561 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PTEN loss, one of the most frequent mutations in prostate cancer (PC), is presumed to drive disease progression through AKT activation. However, two transgenic PC models with Akt activation plus Rb loss exhibited different metastatic development: Pten/RbPE:-/- mice produced systemic metastatic adenocarcinomas with high AKT2 activation, whereas RbPE:-/- mice deficient for the Src-scaffolding protein, Akap12, induced high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias and indolent lymph node dissemination, correlating with upregulated phosphotyrosyl PI3K-p85α. Using PC cells isogenic for PTEN, we show that PTEN-deficiency correlated with dependence on both p110β and AKT2 for in vitro and in vivo parameters of metastatic growth or motility, and with downregulation of SMAD4, a known PC metastasis suppressor. In contrast, PTEN expression, which dampened these oncogenic behaviors, correlated with greater dependence on p110α plus AKT1. Our data suggest that metastatic PC aggressiveness is controlled by specific PI3K/AKT isoform combinations influenced by divergent Src activation or PTEN-loss pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina A Miller
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
- American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Seamus Degan
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
| | - Joseph Cohen
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
- Sequence, Inc., Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - Sheng Yu Ku
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David W Goodrich
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
| | - Irwin H Gelman
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA.
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3
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Zhang J, Chen B, Gan C, Sun H, Zhang J, Feng L. A Comprehensive Review of Small Interfering RNAs (siRNAs): Mechanism, Therapeutic Targets, and Delivery Strategies for Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7605-7635. [PMID: 38106451 PMCID: PMC10725753 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s436038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery by nanocarriers has been identified as a promising strategy in the study and treatment of cancer. Short nucleotide sequences are synthesized exogenously to create siRNA, which triggers RNA interference (RNAi) in cells and silences target gene expression in a sequence-specific way. As a nucleic acid-based medicine that has gained popularity recently, siRNA exhibits novel potential for the treatment of cancer. However, there are still many obstacles to overcome before clinical siRNA delivery devices can be developed. In this review, we discuss prospective targets for siRNA drug design, explain siRNA drug properties and benefits, and give an overview of the current clinical siRNA therapeutics for the treatment of cancer. Additionally, we introduce the siRNA chemical modifications and delivery systems that are clinically sophisticated and classify bioresponsive materials for siRNA release in a methodical manner. This review will serve as a reference for researchers in developing more precise and efficient targeted delivery systems, promoting ongoing advances in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyuan Gan
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Feng
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Miller K, Degan S, Wang Y, Cohen J, Ku SY, Goodrich D, Gelman I. PTEN regulated PI3K-p110 and AKT isoform plasticity controls metastatic prostate cancer progression. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2924750. [PMID: 37292818 PMCID: PMC10246239 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2924750/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PTEN loss, one of the most frequent mutations in prostate cancer (PC), is presumed to drive disease progression through AKT activation. However, two transgenic PC models with Akt activation plus Rb loss exhibited different metastasis development: Pten/RbPE:-/- mice produced systemic metastatic adenocarcinomas with high AKT2 activation, whereas RbPE:-/- mice deficient for the Src-scaffolding protein, Akap12, induced high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias and indolent lymph node disseminations, correlating with upregulated phosphotyrosyl PI3K-p85α. Using PC cells isogenic for PTEN, we show that PTEN-deficiency correlated with dependence on both p110β and AKT2 for in vitro and in vivo parameters of metastatic growth or motility, and with downregulation of SMAD4, a known PC metastasis suppressor. In contrast, PTEN expression, which dampened these oncogenic behaviors, correlated with greater dependence on p110α plus AKT1. Our data suggest that metastatic PC aggressiveness is controlled by specific PI3K/AKT isoform combinations influenced by divergent Src activation or PTEN-loss pathways.
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5
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Yu X, Xu J, Shen Y, Cahuzac KM, Park KS, Dale B, Liu J, Parsons RE, Jin J. Discovery of Potent, Selective, and In Vivo Efficacious AKT Kinase Protein Degraders via Structure-Activity Relationship Studies. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3644-3666. [PMID: 35119851 PMCID: PMC8900464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported a potent, selective, and in vivo efficacious AKT degrader, MS21, which is a von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-recruiting proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) based on the AKT inhibitor AZD5363. However, no structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies that resulted in this discovery have been reported. Herein, we present our SAR studies that led to the discovery of MS21, another VHL-recruiting AKT degrader, MS143 (compound 20) with similar potency as MS21, and a novel cereblon (CRBN)-recruiting PROTAC, MS5033 (compound 35). Compounds 20 and 35 induced rapid and robust AKT degradation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner via hijacking the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Compound 20 suppressed cell growth more effectively than AZD5363 in multiple cancer cell lines. Furthermore, 20 and 35 displayed good plasma exposure levels in mice and are suitable for in vivo efficacy studies. Lastly, compound 20 effectively suppressed tumor growth in vivo in a xenograft model without apparent toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yudao Shen
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Kaitlyn M. Cahuzac
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Kwang-su Park
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Brandon Dale
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Jing Liu
- Corresponding Authors: Jing Liu – Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States; , Ramon E. Parsons – Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States; , Jian Jin – Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States;
| | - Ramon E. Parsons
- Corresponding Authors: Jing Liu – Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States; , Ramon E. Parsons – Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States; , Jian Jin – Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States;
| | - Jian Jin
- Corresponding Authors: Jing Liu – Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States; , Ramon E. Parsons – Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States; , Jian Jin – Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States;
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6
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Nalairndran G, Hassan Abdul Razack A, Mai C, Fei‐Lei Chung F, Chan K, Hii L, Lim W, Chung I, Leong C. Phosphoinositide-dependent Kinase-1 (PDPK1) regulates serum/glucocorticoid-regulated Kinase 3 (SGK3) for prostate cancer cell survival. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12188-12198. [PMID: 32926495 PMCID: PMC7578863 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy and is the second leading cause of cancer among men globally. Using a kinome-wide lentiviral small-hairpin RNA (shRNA) library screen, we identified phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDPK1) as a potential mediator of cell survival in PCa cells. We showed that knock-down of endogenous human PDPK1 induced significant tumour-specific cell death in PCa cells (DU145 and PC3) but not in the normal prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1). Further analyses revealed that PDPK1 mediates cancer cell survival predominantly via activation of serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 3 (SGK3). Knock-down of endogenous PDPK1 in DU145 and PC3 cells significantly reduced SGK3 phosphorylation while ectopic expression of a constitutively active SGK3 completely abrogated the apoptosis induced by PDPK1. In contrast, no such effect was observed in SGK1 and AKT phosphorylation following PDPK1 knock-down. Importantly, PDPK1 inhibitors (GSK2334470 and BX-795) significantly reduced tumour-specific cell growth and synergized docetaxel sensitivity in PCa cells. In summary, our results demonstrated that PDPK1 mediates PCa cells' survival through SGK3 signalling and suggest that inactivation of this PDPK1-SGK3 axis may potentially serve as a novel therapeutic intervention for future treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Nalairndran
- Department of PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | | | - Chun‐Wai Mai
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell ResearchInstitute for ResearchDevelopment and Innovation (IRDI)International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Felicia Fei‐Lei Chung
- Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis Section (MCA)Epigenetics Group (EGE)International Agency for Research on Cancer World Health OrganizationLyonFrance
| | - Kok‐Keong Chan
- School of MedicineInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Ling‐Wei Hii
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell ResearchInstitute for ResearchDevelopment and Innovation (IRDI)International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of Postgraduate StudiesInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Wei‐Meng Lim
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell ResearchInstitute for ResearchDevelopment and Innovation (IRDI)International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of Postgraduate StudiesInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Ivy Chung
- Department of PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Cancer Research InstituteUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Chee‐Onn Leong
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell ResearchInstitute for ResearchDevelopment and Innovation (IRDI)International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
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7
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Oliveira ACN, Fernandes J, Gonçalves A, Gomes AC, Oliveira MECDR. Lipid-based Nanocarriers for siRNA Delivery: Challenges, Strategies and the Lessons Learned from the DODAX: MO Liposomal System. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:29-50. [PMID: 29968536 DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666180703145410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of using the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanisms in gene therapy was one of the scientific breakthroughs of the last century. Despite the extraordinary therapeutic potential of this approach, the need for an efficient gene carrier is hampering the translation of the RNAi technology to the clinical setting. Although a diversity of nanocarriers has been described, liposomes continue to be one of the most attractive siRNA vehicles due to their relatively low toxicity, facilitated siRNA complexation, high transfection efficiency and enhanced pharmacokinetic properties. This review focuses on RNAi as a therapeutic approach, the challenges to its application, namely the nucleic acids' delivery process, and current strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, lipid-based nanocarriers are described, and lessons learned from the relation between biophysical properties and biological performance of the dioctadecyldimethylammonium:monoolein (DODAX: MO) system are explored. Liposomes show great potential as siRNA delivery systems, being safe nanocarriers to protect nucleic acids in circulation, extend their half-life time, target specific cells and reduce off-target effects. Nevertheless, several issues related to delivery must be overcome before RNAi therapies reach their full potential, namely target-cell specificity and endosomal escape. Understanding the relationship between biophysical properties and biological performance is an essential step in the gene therapy field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C N Oliveira
- CBMA (Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,CFUM (Center of Physics), Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Fernandes
- CBMA (Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Anabela Gonçalves
- CBMA (Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Andreia C Gomes
- CBMA (Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - M E C D Real Oliveira
- CFUM (Center of Physics), Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Meryet-Figuière M, Lecerf C, Varin E, Coll JL, Louis MH, Dutoit S, Giffard F, Blanc-Fournier C, Hedir S, Vigneron N, Brotin E, Pelletier L, Josserand V, Denoyelle C, Poulain L. Atelocollagen-mediated in vivo siRNA transfection in ovarian carcinoma is influenced by tumor site, siRNA target and administration route. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1949-1958. [PMID: 28791387 PMCID: PMC5652939 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies worldwide, and innate or acquired chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells is the major cause of therapeutic failure. It has been demonstrated that the concomitant inhibition of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 anti-apoptotic activities is able to trigger apoptosis in chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells. In this context, siRNA-mediated Bcl‑xL and Mcl-1 inhibition constitutes an appealing strategy by which to eliminate chemoresistant cancer cells. However, the safest and most efficient way to vectorize siRNAs in vivo is still under debate. In the present study, using in vivo bioluminescence imaging, we evaluated the interest of atelocollagen to vectorize siRNAs by intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intravenous (i.v.) administration in 2 xenografted ovarian cancer models (peritoneal carcinomatosis and subcutaneous tumors in nude mice). Whereas i.p. administration of atelocollagen-vectorized siRNA in the peritoneal carcinomatosis model did not induce any gene downregulation, a 70% transient downregulation of luciferase expression was achieved after i.v. injection of atelocollagen-vectorized siRNA in the subcutaneous (s.c.) model. However, the use of siRNA targeting Bcl-xL or Mcl-1 did not induce target-specific downregulation in vivo in nude mice. Our results therefore show that atelocollagen complex formulation, the administration route, tumor site and the identity of the siRNA target influence the efficiency of atelocollagen‑mediated siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Meryet-Figuière
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Charlotte Lecerf
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Emilie Varin
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- INSERM U1209, Institute of Advanced Biosciences, Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences, Centre de Recherche UGA, Site Santé, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Louis
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Soizic Dutoit
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Florence Giffard
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Cécile Blanc-Fournier
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Siham Hedir
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Nicolas Vigneron
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Emilie Brotin
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Laurent Pelletier
- INSERM U836, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Bâtiment Edmond J. Safra, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, Site Santé, 38706 La Tronche Cedex, France
| | - Véronique Josserand
- INSERM U1209, Institute of Advanced Biosciences, Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences, Centre de Recherche UGA, Site Santé, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Christophe Denoyelle
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Laurent Poulain
- INSERM U1086 'ANTICIPE' Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Axe 2: 'Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancers' (BioTICLA), Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
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9
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Tokuzen N, Nakashiro KI, Tanaka H, Iwamoto K, Hamakawa H. Therapeutic potential of targeting cell division cycle associated 5 for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2343-53. [PMID: 26497678 PMCID: PMC4823039 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly targeted drugs are used in the treatment of a variety of malignant tumors, but this approach to developing novel therapies for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has lagged behind the progress seen for other cancers. We have attempted to find appropriate molecular targets for OSCC and identified cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5) as a cancer-related gene which was overexpressed in all the human OSCC cells tested by microarray analysis. In this study, we investigated the expression and function of CDCA5 in OSCC. First, we confirmed that CDCA5 was overexpressed in 4 human OSCC cell lines by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. We then tested the effect of synthetic small interfering RNAs specific for CDCA5 on the growth and invasion of human OSCC cells. Knockdown of CDCA5 markedly inhibited the growth of OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. We also examined the expression of CDCA5 protein in 80 cases of OSCC immunohistochemically and found a significant association between CDCA5 expression levels and overall survival. These results suggest that CDCA5 functions as a critical gene supporting OSCC progression and that targeting CDCA5 may be a useful therapeutic strategy for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Tokuzen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Koh-ichi Nakashiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazuki Iwamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hamakawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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10
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Heat Stress-Induced PI3K/mTORC2-Dependent AKT Signaling Is a Central Mediator of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Survival to Thermal Ablation Induced Heat Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162634. [PMID: 27611696 PMCID: PMC5017586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal ablative therapies are important treatment options in the multidisciplinary care of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but lesions larger than 2–3 cm are plagued with high local recurrence rates and overall survival of these patients remains poor. Currently no adjuvant therapies exist to prevent local HCC recurrence in patients undergoing thermal ablation. The molecular mechanisms mediating HCC resistance to thermal ablation induced heat stress and local recurrence remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that the HCC cells with a poor prognostic hepatic stem cell subtype (Subtype HS) are more resistant to heat stress than HCC cells with a better prognostic hepatocyte subtype (Subtype HC). Moreover, sublethal heat stress rapidly induces phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) dependent-protein kinase B (AKT) survival signaling in HCC cells in vitro and at the tumor ablation margin in vivo. Conversely, inhibition of PI3K/mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2)-dependent AKT phosphorylation or direct inhibition of AKT function both enhance HCC cell killing and decrease HCC cell survival to sublethal heat stress in both poor and better prognostic HCC subtypes while mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1)-inhibition has no impact. Finally, we showed that AKT isoforms 1, 2 and 3 are differentially upregulated in primary human HCCs and that overexpression of AKT correlates with worse tumor biology and pathologic features (AKT3) and prognosis (AKT1). Together these findings define a novel molecular mechanism whereby heat stress induces PI3K/mTORC2-dependent AKT survival signaling in HCC cells and provide a mechanistic rationale for adjuvant AKT inhibition in combination with thermal ablation as a strategy to enhance HCC cell killing and prevent local recurrence, particularly at the ablation margin.
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11
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Lin HP, Lin CY, Huo C, Jan YJ, Tseng JC, Jiang SS, Kuo YY, Chen SC, Wang CT, Chan TM, Liou JY, Wang J, Chang WSW, Chang CH, Kung HJ, Chuu CP. AKT3 promotes prostate cancer proliferation cells through regulation of Akt, B-Raf, and TSC1/TSC2. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27097-112. [PMID: 26318033 PMCID: PMC4694976 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The qRT-PCR analysis of 139 clinical samples and analysis of 150 on-line database clinical samples indicated that AKT3 mRNA expression level was elevated in primary prostate tumors. Immunohistochemical staining of 65 clinical samples revealed that AKT3 protein expression was higher in prostate tumors of stage I, II, III as compared to nearby normal tissues. Plasmid overexpression of AKT3 promoted cell proliferation of LNCaP, PC-3, DU-145, and CA-HPV-10 human prostate cancer (PCa) cells, while knockdown of AKT3 by siRNA reduced cell proliferation. Overexpression of AKT3 increased the protein expression of total AKT, phospho-AKT S473, phospho-AKT T308, B-Raf, c-Myc, Skp2, cyclin E, GSK3β, phospho-GSK3β S9, phospho-mTOR S2448, and phospho-p70S6K T421/S424, but decreased TSC1 (tuberous sclerosis 1) and TSC2 (tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2) proteins in PC-3 PCa cells. Overexpression of AKT3 also increased protein abundance of phospho-AKT S473, phospho-AKT T308, and B-Raf but decreased expression of TSC1 and TSC2 proteins in LNCaP, DU-145, and CA-HPV-10 PCa cells. Oncomine datasets analysis suggested that AKT3 mRNA level was positively correlated to BRAF. Knockdown of AKT3 in DU-145 cells with siRNA increased the sensitivity of DU-145 cells to B-Raf inhibitor treatment. Knockdown of TSC1 or TSC2 promoted the proliferation of PCa cells. Our observations implied that AKT3 may be a potential therapeutic target for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ping Lin
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chieh Huo
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Jee Jan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Medical College of Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shih Sheng Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yu Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chang Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ting Wang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Min Chan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, China Medical University Beigan Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yang Liou
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - John Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Wun-Shaing Wayne Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ho Chang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jien Kung
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Pin Chuu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Graduate Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Ph.D. program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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12
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Nakashiro KI, Tanaka H, Goda H, Iwamoto K, Tokuzen N, Hara S, Onodera J, Fujimoto I, Hino S, Hamakawa H. Identification of Akt1 as a potent therapeutic target for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1273-81. [PMID: 26315674 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene addiction can provide therapeutic opportunities in human malignancies. In this study, we aimed to identify critical oncogenes for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development and progression. We determined gene expression profiles in 10 primary OSCCs and 10 human OSCC cell lines using Applied Biosystems Human Genome Survey Arrays. Akt1 was the only gene identified that was expressed in all OSCC tissues and cultured cells, but not in non-neoplastic tissues and cells. Subsequently, western blot analysis showed that Akt1 protein was overexpressed in OSCC tissues and cell lines. Immunohistochemistry also showed Akt1 protein expression in 59 of 63 (94%) primary OSCCs. To clarify the oncogenic function of Akt1 in human OSCC cells, we used RNA interference. We designed and synthesized 5 small interfering RNAs specific for Akt1 (siAkt1). Transfecting human OSCC cells with siAkt1 in vitro markedly suppressed their expression of Akt1 protein and significantly reduced their growth rate. Furthermore, the growth of human OSCC tumors which had been subcutaneously xenografted in athymic nude mice lacking interferon responses was markedly inhibited by atelocollagen-mediated systemic siAkt1 administration. We also found that synthetic siAkt1 had an inhibitory effect on the growth of primary cultured OSCC cells. Finally, we investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in the growth inhibitory effect of Akt1 suppression using microarray analysis of human OSCC cells transfected with siAkt1. Knockdown of Akt1 induced the expression of CDKN2B, a tumor suppressor gene, and reduced the expression of TGFBR1, which supports malignant phenotypes. These results suggest that Akt1 functions as a critical oncogene in human OSCC cells and may therefore be an appropriate target for novel OSCC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koh-Ichi Nakashiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Goda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazuki Iwamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Norihiko Tokuzen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shingo Hara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center, Kochi, Kochi, Japan
| | - Jun Onodera
- Koken Research Institute, Koken Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Hino
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hamakawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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13
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Han X, Liu Z, Jo MC, Zhang K, Li Y, Zeng Z, Li N, Zu Y, Qin L. CRISPR-Cas9 delivery to hard-to-transfect cells via membrane deformation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500454. [PMID: 26601238 PMCID: PMC4643799 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas (CRISPR-associated) nuclease system represents an efficient tool for genome editing and gene function analysis. It consists of two components: single-guide RNA (sgRNA) and the enzyme Cas9. Typical sgRNA and Cas9 intracellular delivery techniques are limited by their reliance on cell type and exogenous materials as well as their toxic effects on cells (for example, electroporation). We introduce and optimize a microfluidic membrane deformation method to deliver sgRNA and Cas9 into different cell types and achieve successful genome editing. This approach uses rapid cell mechanical deformation to generate transient membrane holes to enable delivery of biomaterials in the medium. We achieved high delivery efficiency of different macromolecules into different cell types, including hard-to-transfect lymphoma cells and embryonic stem cells, while maintaining high cell viability. With the advantages of broad applicability across different cell types, particularly hard-to-transfect cells, and flexibility of application, this method could potentially enable new avenues of biomedical research and gene targeting therapy such as mutation correction of disease genes through combination of the CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Han
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zongbin Liu
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Myeong chan Jo
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zihua Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine and Cancer Pathology Laboratory, Houston Methodist Hospital and Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine and Cancer Pathology Laboratory, Houston Methodist Hospital and Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lidong Qin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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14
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Nishikawa M, Miyake H, Fujisawa M. Enhanced Sensitivity to Sunitinib by Inhibition of Akt1 Expression in Human Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer PC3 Cells Both In Vitro and In Vivo. Urology 2015; 85:1215.e1-1215.e7. [PMID: 25917740 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether antitumor activity of sunitinib is enhanced by silencing Akt1 in a human castration-resistant prostate cancer PC3 model. MATERIALS AND METHODS We initially established PC3 in which the expression vector containing a short hairpin ribonucleic acid targeting Akt1 was introduced (PC3/sh-Akt1). Changes in various phenotypes of PC3/sh-Akt1 after treatment with sunitinib were compared with those of PC3 transfected with control vector alone (PC3/C) both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS When cultured in the standard medium, in vitro growth of PC3/sh-Akt1 was almost similar to that of PC3/C. However, compared with PC3/C, PC3/sh-Akt1 showed a significantly higher sensitivity to sunitinib, accompanying impaired phosphorylation of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase, downregulation of Bcl-2, and upregulation of Bax. In addition, treatment with sunitinib significantly suppressed the migration ability of PC3/sh-Akt1 compared with that of PC3/C. In vivo, administration of sunitinib induced the significantly marked growth inhibition of PC3/sh-Akt1 compared with that of PC3/C, and apoptotic index in PC3/sh-Akt1 tumor in mice treated with sunitinib was significantly greater than that in PC3/C tumor. CONCLUSION Combined treatment with Akt1 inhibitor and sunitinib could be a promising therapeutic approach for men with castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatomo Nishikawa
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideaki Miyake
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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15
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Yan B, Guo Q, Nan XX, Wang Z, Yin Z, Yi L, Wei YB, Gao YL, Zhou KQ, Yang JR. Micro-ribonucleic acid 29b inhibits cell proliferation and invasion and enhances cell apoptosis and chemotherapy effects of cisplatin via targeting of DNMT3b and AKT3 in prostate cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:557-65. [PMID: 25784815 PMCID: PMC4356695 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s76484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are crucial regulators in malignant tumors. miRNA-29b (miR-29b) has been identified as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer (PCa). However, very few studies have investigated the effects of miR-29b in PCa, especially the mechanism and its association with chemotherapy. Our study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of miR-29b in PCa. Materials and methods The expression levels of miR-29b were detected in ten clinical PCa specimens and four different PCa cell lines through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. After miR-29b mimics and inhibitors were successfully transfected into LNCaP, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was then used to investigate cell proliferation and cisplatin sensitivity of PCa cells. Cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and cell invasion were detected via flow cytometry, annexin V–fluorescein isothiocyanate labeling, and transwell assay, respectively. Based on bioinformatic methods, Western blot analysis, and dual-luciferase reporter assay, novel target genes of miR-29b were identified. Results miR-29b was downregulated in PCa tissues compared with matched adjacent nontumor tissues. In the androgen-independent PCa cell line (LNCaP-AI), the expression of miR-29b was much lower than the androgen-dependent PCa cell line (LNCaP). Subsequent studies showed that forced expression of miR-29b inhibited cell proliferation and cell invasion and induced cell apoptosis in PCa. Upregulation of miR-29b also enhanced the chemosensitivity of PCa cells to cisplatin. Moreover, we identified DNMT3b and AKT3 as novel target genes of miR-29b in PCa. Conclusion Taken together, the results showed that miR-29b plays a tumor-suppressive role in PCa. It inhibits cell biological behavior and enhances the chemotherapy effects of cisplatin through its involvement in epigenetic regulation and PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yan
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Guo
- Department of Urology, Third Changsha Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xin Nan
- Department of Urology, Third Changsha Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Yin
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Yi
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Bao Wei
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Liang Gao
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhou
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Rui Yang
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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16
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Yuan Y, Makita N, Cao D, Mihara K, Kadomatsu K, Takei Y. Atelocollagen-mediated intravenous siRNA delivery specific to tumor tissues orthotopically xenografted in prostates of nude mice and its anticancer effects. Nucleic Acid Ther 2015; 25:85-94. [PMID: 25692652 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2014.0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful short interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapy for cancers depends on functional siRNA delivery specific to tumors. In our previous report, we have shown systemic siRNA delivery specific to human prostate cancer cell line PC-3 subcutaneous tumors in nude mice by atelocollagen, a collagen derivative, for formulating a complex with siRNA. We used an siRNA for human Bcl-xL as a model target. In the present study, we examined the antitumor effect on PC-3 orthotopic tumors in nude mice, as these tumors resemble the human clinical situation. The systemic intravenous administration of the complex (siRNA, 50 μg/shot) significantly reduced Bcl-xL expression and induced apoptosis in the tumors, and suppressed their growth. Liver metastasis was also inhibited in the orthotopic model. We successfully showed tumor-specific accumulation of the siRNA by Cy3-labeled siRNA and the direct quantification of the siRNA via reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The tumor-specific delivery was achieved by the enhanced permeability and retention effect, which is characteristic of macromolecular drugs. The high expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A in the tumors provided adequate conditions to promote the permeability in the tumors, and to finally form the enhanced permeability and retention effect. In conclusion, our siRNA delivery is specific to the PC-3 orthotopic tumors in nude mice, and is practically feasible to treat tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- 1 Division of Disease Models, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, Japan
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17
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Ballarín-González B, Ebbesen MF, Howard KA. Polycation-based nanoparticles for RNAi-mediated cancer treatment. Cancer Lett 2014; 352:66-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonathan F Melman
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
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19
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Chin YR, Yuan X, Balk SP, Toker A. PTEN-deficient tumors depend on AKT2 for maintenance and survival. Cancer Discov 2014; 4:942-55. [PMID: 24838891 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-13-0873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Loss of PTEN is a common event in many cancers and leads to hyperactivation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. The mechanisms by which AKT isoforms mediate signaling to phenotypes associated with PTEN inactivation in cancer have not been defined. Here, we show that AKT2 is exclusively required for PTEN-deficient prostate tumor spheroid maintenance, whereas AKT1 is dispensable. shRNA silencing of AKT2 but not AKT1 promotes regression of prostate cancer xenografts. Mechanistically, we show that AKT2 silencing upregulates p21 and the proapoptotic protein BAX and downregulates the insulin-like growth factor receptor-1. We also show that p21 is an effector of AKT2 in mediating prostate tumor maintenance. Moreover, AKT2 is also exclusively required for the maintenance and survival of other PTEN-deficient solid tumors, including breast cancer and glioblastoma. These findings identify a specific function for AKT2 in mediating survival of PTEN-deficient tumors and provide a rationale for developing therapeutics targeting AKT2. SIGNIFICANCE Depletion of AKT2, but not AKT1, induces potent tumor regression in PTEN-deficient prostate cancer xenografts, concomitant with upregulation of p21, which may serve as a potential biomarker for screening AKT2 activity in clinical samples. The specific role of AKT2 in tumor maintenance provides a rationale for the development of isoform-specific inhibitors for patients with PTEN-deficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin Yuan
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven P Balk
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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20
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Atelocollagen-mediated siRNA delivery: future promise for therapeutic application. Ther Deliv 2014; 5:369-71. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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21
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Thomas C, Lamoureux F, Crafter C, Davies BR, Beraldi E, Fazli L, Kim S, Thaper D, Gleave ME, Zoubeidi A. Synergistic targeting of PI3K/AKT pathway and androgen receptor axis significantly delays castration-resistant prostate cancer progression in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:2342-55. [PMID: 23966621 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) correlates with gain-of-function of the androgen receptor (AR) and activation of AKT. However, as single agents, AR or AKT inhibitors result in a reciprocal feedback loop. Therefore, we hypothesized that combination of an AKT inhibitor with an antiandrogen might result in a more profound, long-lasting remission of CRPC. Here, we report that the AKT inhibitor AZD5363 potently inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines expressing the AR and has anticancer activity in vivo in androgen-sensitive and castration-resistant phases of the LNCaP xenograft model. However, we found that the effect of castration-resistant tumor growth inhibition and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) stabilization is transient and resistance occurs with increasing PSA after approximately 30 days of treatment. Mechanistically, we found that single agent AZD5363 induces increase of AR binding to androgen response element, AR transcriptional activity, and AR-dependent genes such as PSA and NKX3.1 expression. These effects were overcome by the combination of AZD5363 with the antiandrogen bicalutamide, resulting in synergistic inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in vitro, and prolongation of tumor growth inhibition and PSA stabilization in CRPC in vivo. This study provides a preclinical proof-of-concept that combination of an AKT inhibitor with antiandrogen results in prolonged disease stabilization in a model of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Thomas
- Corresponding Author: Amina Zoubeidi, The Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada.
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Iacovides DC, Johnson AB, Wang N, Boddapati S, Korkola J, Gray JW. Identification and quantification of AKT isoforms and phosphoforms in breast cancer using a novel nanofluidic immunoassay. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:3210-20. [PMID: 23929892 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m112.023119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer subtype-specific molecular variations can dramatically affect patient responses to existing therapies. It is thought that differentially phosphorylated protein isoforms might be a useful prognostic biomarker of drug response in the clinic. However, the accurate detection and quantitative analysis of cancer-related protein isoforms and phospho-isoforms in tumors are limited by current technologies. Using a novel, fully automated nanocapillary electrophoresis immunoassay (NanoPro(TM) 1000) designed to separate protein molecules based on their isoelectric point, we developed a reliable and highly sensitive assay for the detection and quantitation of AKT isoforms and phosphoforms in breast cancer. This assay enabled the measurement of activated AKT1/2/3 in breast cancer cells using protein produced from as few as 56 cells. Importantly, we were able to assign an identity for the phosphorylated S473 phosphoform of AKT1, the major form of activated AKT involved in multiple cancers, including breast, and a current focus in clinical trials for targeted intervention. The ability of our AKT assay to detect and measure AKT phosphorylation from very low amounts of total protein will allow the accurate evaluation of patient response to drugs targeting activated PI3K-AKT using scarce clinical specimens. Moreover, the capacity of this assay to detect and measure all three AKT isoforms using one single pan-specific antibody enables the study of the multiple and variable roles that these isoforms play in AKT tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetris C Iacovides
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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23
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Cariaga-Martinez AE, López-Ruiz P, Nombela-Blanco MP, Motiño O, González-Corpas A, Rodriguez-Ubreva J, Lobo MV, Cortés MA, Colás B. Distinct and specific roles of AKT1 and AKT2 in androgen-sensitive and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1586-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Resnier P, Montier T, Mathieu V, Benoit JP, Passirani C. A review of the current status of siRNA nanomedicines in the treatment of cancer. Biomaterials 2013; 34:6429-43. [PMID: 23727262 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference currently offers new opportunities for gene therapy by the specific extinction of targeted gene(s) in cancer diseases. However, the main challenge for nucleic acid delivery still remains its efficacy through intravenous administration. Over the last decade, many delivery systems have been developed and optimized to encapsulate siRNA and to specifically promote their delivery into tumor cells and improve their pharmacokinetics for anti-cancer purposes. This review aims to sum up the potential targets in numerous pathways and the properties of recently optimized siRNA synthetic nanomedicines with their preclinical applications and efficacy. Future perspectives in cancer treatment are discussed including promising concomitant treatment with chemotherapies or other siRNA. The outcomes in human clinical trials are also presented.
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25
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Tanaka H, Nakashiro KI, Iwamoto K, Tokuzen N, Fujita Y, Shirakawa R, Oka R, Goda H, Hamakawa H. Targeting Aurora kinase A suppresses the growth of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Oral Oncol 2013; 49:551-9. [PMID: 23481312 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oncogene addiction has provided therapeutic opportunities in many human malignancies, but molecular targeted therapy for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not yet available. In this study, we attempted to identify an appropriate target molecule for treatment of patients with OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Microarray analysis was performed to determine the gene expression profiles in nine human OSCC cell lines and a non-neoplastic keratinocyte cell line. The expression levels of Aurora kinase A (AURKA) mRNA and protein in human OSCC cells and tissues were examined. We investigated the effect of small interfering RNAs specific for AURKA (siAURKAs) and MLN8237, an AURKA selective inhibitor on the growth of OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. We also analyzed clinical significance in AURKA mRNA expression levels in OSCC. RESULTS AURKA was overexpressed in human OSCC cell lines and tissues. All siAURKAs almost completely suppressed the expression of AURKA protein, and significantly inhibited the growth of OSCC cells by 31-89%. MLN8237 also reduced the cellular growth rate by 38-74%. Both siAURKA and MLN8237 significantly reduced the size of subcutaneously xenografted OSCC tumors by 66% and 40%. Knockdown of AURKA expression and MLN8237 induced the growth inhibition of primary cultured cells established from patients' OSCC tumors. Furthermore, we found a significant association between AURKA mRNA expression levels and histological differentiation and lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSIONS AURKA plays a critical role in the growth of human OSCC cells and targeting AURKA may be a useful therapeutic strategy for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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Abstract
In the highly metastatic B16F10 melanoma cell line, activation of the signalling molecules that promote cell proliferation and survival on conventional adhesive culture dishes may also be responsible for the growth and resistance to anoikis of aggregates on a non-adhesive substratum. We have examined the influence of bacterial ADP-ribosyltransferases C3-like exoenzymes, which selectively modify RhoA, B and C proteins and inhibit signal pathways controlled by them. RNA interference [siRNA (small interfering RNA) Akt (also known as protein kinase B)] and a PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) inhibitor were used to analyse the changes caused by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway. Inhibiting the activation of RhoA, B, C and Akt expression resulted in a decrease of the number of cells cultured in aggregates, and caspase 3 activation. RhoA activation and RhoB and RhoC expression were controlled by Akt, but not RhoA expression. Inhibiting Akt and RhoA reduced the expression of α5 integrin, and inactivated FAK (focal adhesion kinase) in B16F10 cells cultured as aggregates. Thus, inhibiting Rho subfamily proteins and Akt expression inactivates the FAK pathway and induces anoikis in anoikis-resistant cells. The activation of RhoA in melanoma cells can depend on PI3K/Akt activation, suggesting that PI3K/Akt is a suitable target for new therapeutic approaches.
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Le Page C, Koumakpayi IH, Péant B, Delvoye N, Saad F, Mes-Masson AM. ErbB2/Her-2 regulates the expression of Akt2 in prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2012; 72:777-88. [PMID: 21932427 DOI: 10.1002/pros.21483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported that ErbB family members regulate the signaling pathway leading to Akt and NF-kappaB activation in prostate cancer cells. In this study, the regulation of Akt2 expression in LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines was investigated. METHODS Akt-2 expression was analyzed by western-blotting and Q-PCR in cell lines. We also analyzed the Akt-2 protein expression in a tissue microarray from 64 prostate cancer patients. Akt-2 promoter activity was assessed and analyzed by luciferase assay. RESULTS A concomitant over-expression of Her-2 and Akt2 expression was observed by western-blotting and quantitative-PCR in prostate cancer cell lines. A significant correlation between Her-2 and Akt2 protein expression was also observed by immunohistochemistry assay on prostate cancer tissues. In LNCaP cells, over-expression of Akt2 protein and mRNA was decreased by Her-2 pharmacologic inhibitors as well as small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific to Her-2. Cloning of the AKT2 promoter in a luciferase reporter plasmid further showed that Akt2 over-expression in cell lines is associated with increased AKT2 promoter activity suggesting that Her-2 modulates a signaling pathway involving AKT2 gene regulation. CONCLUSION This study reveals a novel mechanism of Akt2 regulation in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Le Page
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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28
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Saini S, Majid S, Shahryari V, Arora S, Yamamura S, Chang I, Zaman MS, Deng G, Tanaka Y, Dahiya R. miRNA-708 control of CD44(+) prostate cancer-initiating cells. Cancer Res 2012; 72:3618-30. [PMID: 22552290 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor recurrence in prostate cancer has been attributed to the presence of CD44-expressing tumor-initiating cells. In this study, we report that miR-708 is a key negative regulator of this CD44(+) subpopulation of prostate cancer cells, with important implications for diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. miR-708 was underexpressed in CD44(+) cells from prostate cancer xenografts. Reconstitution of miR-708 in prostate cancer cell lines or CD44(+) prostate cancer cells led to decreased tumorigenicity in vitro. Intratumoral delivery of synthetic miR-708 oligonucleotides triggered regression of established tumors in a murine xenograft model of human prostate cancer. Conversely, miR-708 silencing in a purified CD44(-) population of prostate cancer cells promoted tumor growth. Functional studies validated CD44 to be a direct target of miR-708 and also identified the serine/threonine kinase AKT2 as an additional target. Clinically, low miR-708 expression was associated significantly with poor survival outcome, tumor progression, and recurrence in patients with prostate cancer. Together, our findings suggest that reduced miR-708 expression leads to prostate cancer initiation, progression, and development by regulating the expression of CD44 as well as AKT2. miR-708 therefore may represent a novel therapeutic target or diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanjot Saini
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
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29
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Ogawa S, Onodera J, Honda R, Fujimoto I. Influence of systemic administration of atelocollagen on mouse livers: an ideal biomaterial for systemic drug delivery. J Toxicol Sci 2012; 36:751-62. [PMID: 22129739 DOI: 10.2131/jts.36.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Atelocollagen (AC), a biomaterial with low antigenicity and high bioaffinity, has been widely used in implantable materials in clinical practice. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that AC is a potential drug carrier for local and systemic delivery of cytokines, growth factors, plasmid DNA, small interfering RNA, and microRNA. AC is also believed to have low systemic toxicity on the basis of the safety of implant usage; however, this is not enough determined. Therefore, we performed whole genome expression profiling in mouse liver after systemic administration of AC or the cationic liposome carrier DOTAP/cholesterol (LP) and compared the changes of gene expressions associated with hepatotoxicity. Microarray analysis revealed that systemic LP administration significantly increased expression of toxicity-related genes, i.e., those for lipocalin-2, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, serum amyloid A isoforms, chemokine ligands, and granzyme B. Alternatively, AC administration did not alter the expression of any of these genes. Further gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis highlighted the characteristic annotations extracted from genes upregulated after LP administration, and most of them were related to toxicity annotations such as immune response, inflammatory response, and apoptosis induction. In contrast, GO enrichment analysis of genes induced after AC administration revealed that only three annotations, all of which were unrelated to toxicity. These findings indicate that AC is potentially far less hepatotoxic than LP after systemic administration, suggesting that AC may be an excellent biomaterial for nontoxic drug delivery system carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Ogawa
- Koken Research Institute, Koken Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Effects of atelocollagen formulation containing oligonucleotide on endothelial permeability. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2012; 2012:245835. [PMID: 22506120 PMCID: PMC3312293 DOI: 10.1155/2012/245835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Atelocollagen is a major animal protein that is used as a highly biocompatible biomaterial. To date, atelocollagen has been used as an effective drug delivery technology to sustain the release of antitumor proteins and to enhance the antitumor activity of oligonucleotides in in vivo models. However, the biological effects of this technology are not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of atelocollagen on endothelial paracellular barrier function. An atelocollagen formulation containing oligonucleotides specifically increased the permeability of two types of endothelial cells, and the change was dependent on the molecular size, structure of the oligonucleotides used and the concentrations of the oligonucleotide and atelocollagen in the formulation. An immunohistochemical examination revealed that the formulation had effects on the cellular skeleton and intercellular structure although it did not affect the expression of adherens junction or tight junction proteins. These changes were induced through p38 MAP kinase signaling. It is important to elucidate the biological functions of atelocollagen in order to be able to exploit its drug delivery properties.
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31
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Lin HP, Jiang SS, Chuu CP. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester causes p21 induction, Akt signaling reduction, and growth inhibition in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31286. [PMID: 22347457 PMCID: PMC3274546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) treatment suppressed proliferation, colony formation, and cell cycle progression in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells. CAPE decreased protein expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, SKP2, c-Myc, Akt1, Akt2, Akt3, total Akt, mTOR, Bcl-2, Rb, as well as phosphorylation of Rb, ERK1/2, Akt, mTOR, GSK3α, GSK3β, PDK1; but increased protein expression of KLF6 and p21(Cip1). Microarray analysis indicated that pathways involved in cellular movement, cell death, proliferation, and cell cycle were affected by CAPE. Co-treatment of CAPE with chemotherapeutic drugs vinblastine, paclitaxol, and estramustine indicated synergistic suppression effect. CAPE administration may serve as a potential adjuvant therapy for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ping Lin
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Translational Center for Glandular Malignancies, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih Sheng Jiang
- Translational Center for Glandular Malignancies, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Pin Chuu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Translational Center for Glandular Malignancies, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Inaba S, Nagahara S, Makita N, Tarumi Y, Ishimoto T, Matsuo S, Kadomatsu K, Takei Y. Atelocollagen-mediated systemic delivery prevents immunostimulatory adverse effects of siRNA in mammals. Mol Ther 2011; 20:356-66. [PMID: 22031237 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2011.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Short interfering RNA (siRNA) is a potent activator of the mammalian innate immune system. When considering possible clinical applications of siRNA for humans, the adverse immunostimulatory effects must also be taken into account. Here, we show that atelocollagen-mediated systemic delivery of siRNA without chemical modifications did not cause any immunostimulation in both animals and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), even if the siRNA harbored an interferon (IFN)-inducible sequence. In contrast, systemic delivery of immunostimulatory RNA (isRNA)-mediated by a cationic lipid (such as Invivofectamine) induced potent type-I IFNs and inflammatory cytokines. Regarding the mechanism by which the isRNA/atelocollagen complex avoided adverse effects on immunostimulation, we revealed that this complex was not incorporated into PBMCs. On the other hand, Invivofectamine delivered isRNA into PBMCs. The use of either atelocollagen or Invivofectamine as a vehicle elicited significant and undistinguishable therapeutic effects in a contact hypersensitivity (CHS) inflammatory model mouse, when we intravenously injected the siRNA targeting monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 as the complex. For the goal of realizing siRNA-based medicines for humans, atelocollagen is an excellent and promising delivery vehicle, and it has the useful advantage of evading detection by the "radar" of innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Inaba
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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33
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Wei M, Zhu L, Li Y, Chen W, Han B, Wang Z, He J, Yao H, Yang Z, Zhang Q, Liu B, Gu Q, Zhu Z, Shen K. Knocking down cyclin D1b inhibits breast cancer cell growth and suppresses tumor development in a breast cancer model. Cancer Sci 2011; 102:1537-44. [PMID: 21521417 PMCID: PMC11158666 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.01969.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 is aberrantly expressed in many types of cancers, including breast cancer. High levels of cyclin D1b, the truncated isoform of cyclin D1, have been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis for breast cancer patients. In the present study, we used siRNA to target cyclin D1b overexpression and assessed its ability to suppress breast cancer growth in nude mice. Cyclin D1b siRNA effectively inhibited overexpression of cyclin D1b. Depletion of cyclin D1b promoted apoptosis of cyclin D1b-overexpressing cells and blocked their proliferation and transformation phenotypes. Notably, cyclin D1b overexpression is correlated with triple-negative basal-like breast cancers, which lack specific therapeutic targets. Administration of cyclin D1b siRNA inhibited breast tumor growth in nude mice and cyclin D1b siRNA synergistically enhanced the cell killing effects of doxorubicin in cell culture, with this combination significantly suppressing tumor growth in the mouse model. In conclusion, the results indicate that cyclin D1b, which is overexpressed in breast cancer, may serve as a novel and effective therapeutic target. More importantly, the present study clearly demonstrated a very promising therapeutic potential for cyclin D1b siRNA in the treatment of cyclin D1b-overexpressing breast cancers, including the very malignant triple-negative breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wei
- Key Laboratory of Shanghai Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
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