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Lee JM, Kim J, Park SJ, Nam JH, Kim HJ, Kim WK. Regulation of T Lymphocyte Functions through Calcium Signaling Modulation by Nootkatone. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5240. [PMID: 38791278 PMCID: PMC11121628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in understanding the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying immunological responses have underscored the critical involvement of ion channels in regulating calcium influx, particularly in inflammation. Nootkatone, a natural sesquiterpenoid found in Alpinia oxyphylla and various citrus species, has gained attention for its diverse pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to elucidate the potential of nootkatone in modulating ion channels associated with calcium signaling, particularly CRAC, KV1.3, and KCa3.1 channels, which play pivotal roles in immune cell activation and proliferation. Using electrophysiological techniques, we demonstrated the inhibitory effects of nootkatone on CRAC, KV1.3, and KCa3.1 channels in HEK293T cells overexpressing respective channel proteins. Nootkatone exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of channel currents, with IC50 values determined for each channel. Nootkatone treatment did not significantly affect cell viability, indicating its potential safety for therapeutic applications. Furthermore, we observed that nootkatone treatment attenuated calcium influx through activated CRAC channels and showed anti-proliferative effects, suggesting its role in regulating inflammatory T cell activation. These findings highlight the potential of nootkatone as a natural compound for modulating calcium signaling pathways by targeting related key ion channels and it holds promise as a novel therapeutic agent for inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Lee
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (J.M.L.); (S.J.P.); (J.H.N.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jintae Kim
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Su Jin Park
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (J.M.L.); (S.J.P.); (J.H.N.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joo Hyun Nam
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (J.M.L.); (S.J.P.); (J.H.N.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun Jong Kim
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (J.M.L.); (S.J.P.); (J.H.N.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Woo Kyung Kim
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dongguk University, 27 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Xue BX, He RS, Lai JX, Mireku-Gyimah NA, Zhang LH, Wu HH. Phytochemistry, data mining, pharmacology, toxicology and the analytical methods of Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae): a comprehensive review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2023:1-46. [PMID: 37359712 PMCID: PMC10183317 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-023-09870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Cyperus rotundus L. has been widely used in the treatment and prevention of numerous diseases in traditional systems of medicine around the world, such as nervous, gastrointestinal systems diseases and inflammation. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), its rhizomes are frequently used to treat liver disease, stomach pain, breast tenderness, dysmenorrheal and menstrual irregularities. The review is conducted to summarize comprehensively the plant's vernacular names, distribution, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and analytical methods, along with the data mining for TCM prescriptions containing C. rotundus. Herein, 552 compounds isolated or identified from C. rotundus were systematically collated and classified, concerning monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phenolics and phenolic glycosides, triterpenoids and steroids, diterpenoids, quinonoids, alkaloids, saccharides and others. Their pharmacological effects on the digestive system, nervous system, gynecological diseases, and other bioactivities like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, insect repellent, anti-microbial activity, etc. were summarized accordingly. Moreover, except for the data mining on the compatibility of C. rotundus in TCM, the separation, identification and analytical methods of C. rotundus compositions were also systematically summarized, and constituents of the essential oils from different regions were re-analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis. In addition, the toxicological study progresses on C. rotundus revealed the safety property of this herb. This review is designed to serve as a scientific basis and theoretical reference for further exploration into the clinical use and scientific research of C. rotundus. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary materials available at 10.1007/s11101-023-09870-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian-Xia Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru-Shang He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617 People’s Republic of China
| | - Nana Ama Mireku-Gyimah
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana
| | - Li-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Hua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617 People’s Republic of China
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3
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Nikolic D, Bosco L, Moschetti M, Tinnirello V, Pucci M, Corleone V, Raimondo S, Alessandro R, Fontana S. Anti-inflammatory properties of an aldehydes-enriched fraction of grapefruit essential oil. J Food Sci 2023; 88:1172-1187. [PMID: 36651875 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is linked to the development of numerous diseases and is accompanied by increased cytokine secretion. Macrophages provide a first line of defense against pathogens that under inflammatory stimuli release pro-inflammatory cytokines. The essential oil (EO) fractions obtained from Citrus spp. rich in different compounds have gained the attention of both researchers and users during the last decades. In particular, grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) peel is rich in phenolics and flavonoids with several health benefits, including anti-inflammatory actions. Additionally, its EO consists of a large number of compounds such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, and oxides. Among the methods for encapsulating EOs, spray-drying is the main one. In the present study, we aimed to determine the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of EO from C. paradisi (grapefruit essential oil [GEO]) (whole and fractions) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation model. Results indicate that Fr-GEO and Fr-GEO_SD exert protective effects against LPS-induced inflammation by decreasing gene expression and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines as IL-6 and TNF-α. Monoterpenes as the most common components, as well as aldehydes and sesquiterpenes, might be responsible for such effects, although a synergistic action is not excluded. Furthermore, a higher percent of aldehydes is linked to improved olfactory properties. Our findings support the anti-inflammatory effects of selected Fr-GEO with a great potential for the development of new nutraceuticals and/or functional food for the treatment of inflammatory-associated diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The findings of this study support the anti-inflammatory effects of selected Fr-GEO with a great potential for the development of new nutraceuticals and/or functional food for the treatment of inflammatory-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Nikolic
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Liana Bosco
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Moschetti
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenza Tinnirello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Agrumaria Corleone s.p.a., Palermo, Italy
| | - Marzia Pucci
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Fontana
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Zhang LL, Chen Y, Li ZJ, Fan G, Li X. Production, Function, and Applications of the Sesquiterpenes Valencene and Nootkatone: a Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:121-142. [PMID: 36541855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Valencene and nootkatone, two sesquiterpenes, extracted from natural sources, have great market potential with diverse applications. This paper aims to comprehensively review the recent advances in valencene and nootkatone, including source, production, physicochemical and biological properties, safety and pharmacokinetics evaluation, potential uses, and their industrial applications as well as future research directions. Microbial biosynthesis offers a promising alternative approach for sustainable production of valencene and nootkatone. Both compounds exert various beneficial activities, including antimicrobial, insecticidal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective and other activities. However, most of the studies are performed in animals and in vitro, making it difficult to give a conclusive description about their health benefits and extend their application. Hence, more attention should be paid to in vivo and long-term clinical studies in the future. Moreover, valencene and nootkatone are considered safe for consumption and show great promise in the applications of food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, chemical, and agricultural industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jian Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
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Dantas LB, Alcântara IS, Júnior CPS, de Oliveira MRC, Martins AO, Dantas TM, Ribeiro-Filho J, Coutinho HDM, Passos FR, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Almeida JRG, Cruz-Martins N, Kim B, de Menezes IRA. In vivo and in silico anti-inflammatory properties of the sesquiterpene valencene. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Jha AK, Gairola S, Kundu S, Doye P, Syed AM, Ram C, Kulhari U, Kumar N, Murty US, Sahu BD. Biological Activities, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity of Nootkatone: A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2244-2259. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220214092005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Plant-based drugs have a significant impact on modern therapeutics due to their vast array of pharmacological activities. The integration of herbal plants in the current healthcare system has emerged as a new field of research. It can be used for the identification of novel lead compound candidates for future drug development. Nootkatone is a sesquiterpene derivative and an isolate of grapefruit. Shreds of evidence illustrate that nootkatone targets few molecular mechanisms to exhibit its pharmacological activity and yet needs more exploration to be established. The current review is related to nootkatone, drafted through a literature search using research articles and books from different sources, including Science Direct, Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, and Scopus. It has been reported to possess a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective. Although preclinical studies in experimental animal models suggest that nootkatone has therapeutic potential, it is further warranted to evaluate its toxicity and pharmacokinetic parameters before being applied to humans. Hence in the present review, we have summarized the scientific knowledge on nootkatone with a particular emphasis on its pharmacological properties to encourage researchers for further exploration in preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Kumar Jha
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Shobhit Gairola
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Pakpi Doye
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Abu Mohammad Syed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Chetan Ram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Uttam Kulhari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Bidya Dhar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
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Fessner ND, Grimm C, Srdič M, Weber H, Kroutil W, Schwaneberg U, Glieder A. Natural Product Diversification by One‐Step Biocatalysis using Human P450 3A4. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nico D. Fessner
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Christopher Grimm
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Matic Srdič
- SeSaM-Biotech GmbH Forckenbeckstraße 50 52074 Aachen Germany
- Bisy GmbH Wuenschendorf 292 Hofstätten an der Raab 8200 Hofstaetten Austria
| | - Hansjörg Weber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Institute of Biotechnology RWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 3 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Anton Glieder
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
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Oleanolic Acid Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis-like Responses In Vivo and In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112000. [PMID: 34769428 PMCID: PMC8584529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid, abundantly found in plants of the Oleaceae family, and is well known for its beneficial pharmacological activities. Previously, we reported the inhibitory effect of OA on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation. In this study, we investigated the effects of OA on atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions and its underlying mechanism of action. We evaluated the inhibitory effect of OA on AD-like responses and the possible mechanisms using a 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD animal model and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. We found that OA has anti-atopic effects, including histological alterations, on DNCB-induced AD-like lesions in mice. Moreover, it suppressed the expression of Th2 type cytokines and chemokines in the AD mouse model and TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced HaCaT keratinocytes by blocking the activation of serine-threonine kinase Akt, nuclear factor-κB, and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1. The results demonstrate that OA inhibits AD-like symptoms and regulates the inflammatory mediators; therefore, it may be used as an effective and attractive therapeutic agent for allergic disorders, such as AD. Moreover, the findings of this study provide novel insights into the potential pharmacological targets of OA for treating AD.
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Yang JH, Kim KY, Kim YW, Park KI. Artemisia anomala Herba Alleviates 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-Induced Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in Mice and the Production of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators in Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-/Interferon Gamma-Induced HaCaT Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175427. [PMID: 34500860 PMCID: PMC8433842 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia anomala S. Moore is a perennial herbaceous plant classified as Asteraceae of the genus Artemisia. Many species of Artemisia have been used as medicinal materials. Artemisia anomala S. Moore has been widely used in China to treat inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanism of its action on the keratinocyte inflammatory response is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory reaction of Artemisia anomala S. Moore ethanol extract (EAA) using human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells, which involved investigating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), signal transducer, and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1), as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways and atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice. We elucidated the anti-inflammatory effects of EAA on tumor necrosis factor-α/interferon-γ (TNF-α/IFN-γ)-treated human keratinocyte cells and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like mice. The levels of chemokines and cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, TARC, and RANTES) were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The NF-κB, STAT-1, and MAPK signaling pathways in HaCaT cells were analyzed by western blotting. Thickening of the mice dorsal and ear skin was measured and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results showed that EAA suppressed IL-8, IL-6, TARC, and RANTES production. EAA inhibited nuclear translocation of NFκB and STAT-1, as well as reduced the levels of phosphorylated ERK MAPKs. EAA improved AD-like skin lesions in DNCB-treated mice. These findings suggest that EAA possesses stronger anti-inflammatory properties and can be useful as a functional food or candidate agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hye Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.-H.Y.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.-H.Y.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Young-Woo Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-W.K.); (K.-I.P.)
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-W.K.); (K.-I.P.)
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10
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Ko W, Kim N, Lee H, Woo ER, Kim YC, Oh H, Lee DS. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Compounds from Cudrania tricuspidata in HaCaT Human Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147472. [PMID: 34299094 PMCID: PMC8303187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The root bark of Cudrania tricuspidata has been reported to have anti-sclerotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and cytotoxic activities. In the present study, the effect of 16 compounds from C. tricuspidata on tumor necrosis factor-α+interferon-γ-treated HaCaT cells were investigated. Among these 16 compounds, 11 decreased IL-6 production and 15 decreased IL-8 production. The six most effective compounds, namely, steppogenin (2), cudraflavone C (6), macluraxanthone B (12), 1,6,7-trihydroxy-2-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl)-3- methoxyxanthone (13), cudraflavanone B (4), and cudratricusxanthone L (14), were selected for further experiments. These six compounds decreased the expression levels of chemokines, such as regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), and downregulated the protein expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Compounds 2, 6, 12, 4, and 14 inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B p65 translocation to the nucleus; however, compound 13 showed no significant effects. In addition, extracellular signal regulatory kinase-1/2 phosphorylation was only inhibited by compound 14, whereas p38 phosphorylation was inhibited by compounds 13 and 4. Taken together, the compounds from C. tricuspidata showed potential to be further developed as therapeutic agents to suppress inflammation in skin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonmin Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (N.K.); (H.L.); (E.-R.W.)
| | - Nayeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (N.K.); (H.L.); (E.-R.W.)
| | - Hwan Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (N.K.); (H.L.); (E.-R.W.)
| | - Eun-Rhan Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (N.K.); (H.L.); (E.-R.W.)
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Hyuncheol Oh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (H.O.)
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (N.K.); (H.L.); (E.-R.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-230-6386; Fax: +82-62-222-5414
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11
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Therapeutic potential of AMPK signaling targeting in lung cancer: Advances, challenges and future prospects. Life Sci 2021; 278:119649. [PMID: 34043989 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of death worldwide with high mortality and morbidity. A wide variety of risk factors are considered for LC development such as smoking, air pollution and family history. It appears that genetic and epigenetic factors are also potential players in LC development and progression. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a signaling pathway with vital function in inducing energy balance and homeostasis. An increase in AMP:ATP and ADP:ATP ratio leads to activation of AMPK signaling by upstream mediators such as LKB1 and CamKK. Dysregulation of AMPK signaling is a common finding in different cancers, particularly LC. AMPK activation can significantly enhance LC metastasis via EMT induction. Upstream mediators such as PLAG1, IMPAD1, and TUFM can regulate AMPK-mediated metastasis. AMPK activation can promote proliferation and survival of LC cells via glycolysis induction. In suppressing LC progression, anti-tumor compounds including metformin, ginsenosides, casticin and duloxetine dually induce/inhibit AMPK signaling. This is due to double-edged sword role of AMPK signaling in LC cells. Furthermore, AMPK signaling can regulate response of LC cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy that are discussed in the current review.
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Gyogamdan, a Traditional Medicine Prescription, Ameliorated Dermal Inflammation and Hyperactive Behavior in an Atopic Dermatitis Mouse Model Exposed to Psychological Stress. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6687513. [PMID: 33859711 PMCID: PMC8026289 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6687513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Psychological stress (PS) plays a significant role as an aggravating factor in atopic dermatitis (AD). The traditional medicine prescription, Gyogamdan, has been used to treat chest discomfort and mood disorders caused by PS. This study investigated the effects of an ethanolic extract of Gyogamdan (GGDE) on stress-associated AD models and the underlying mechanisms. 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene- (DNCB-) treated BALB/c mice were exposed to social isolation (SI) stress. The effects of orally administered GGDE (100 or 500 mg/kg) were evaluated by ELISA, western blotting, and an open field test (OFT). SI stress exaggerated the skin inflammation and induced locomotor hyperactivity in the AD mouse model. GGDE reduced the levels of IgE, TNF-α, IL-13, eotaxin, and VEGF and mast cell/eosinophil infiltration and prevented the decreases in the levels of involucrin and loricrin in the skin. GGDE also suppressed the SI-induced increases in corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and corticosterone (CORT) in socially isolated AD mice. Furthermore, GGDE reduced traveling distances and mean speed significantly in the OFT. The in vitro experiments were performed using HaCaT, HMC-1, PC12, and BV2 cells. In the TNF-α/IFN-γ- (TI-) stimulated HaCaT cells, GGDE decreased the thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) production significantly by inhibiting p-STAT1 and NF-κB signaling. GGDE also reduced VEGF production in HMC-1 cells stimulated with CRH/substance P (SP) by inhibiting p-ERK signaling pathway. GGDE increased the cell viability significantly and suppressed apoptosis in CORT-stimulated PC12 cells. Moreover, GGDE suppressed the LPS-induced production of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in BV2 cells. These results suggest that GGDE might be useful in patients with AD, which is exacerbated by PS.
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Park JE, Park JS, Leem YH, Kim DY, Kim HS. NQO1 mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of nootkatone in lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation by modulating the AMPK signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:354-368. [PMID: 33460769 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play key roles in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, the use of potent anti-inflammatory/antioxidant agents has been suggested as a promising therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of nootkatone (NKT), a sesquiterpenoid compound isolated from grapefruit, in in vitro and in vivo models of neuroinflammation. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells, NKT inhibited the expression of iNOS, COX-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. In addition, NKT inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and upregulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as NQO1 and HO-1. Molecular mechanistic studies showed that NKT inhibited Akt, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB activities, while increasing AMPK, PKA/CREB, and Nrf2/ARE signaling in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Since NKT dramatically increased NQO1 expression, we investigated the role of this enzyme using pharmacological inhibition or knockdown experiments. Treatment of BV2 cells with the NQO1-specific inhibitor, dicoumarol, or with NQO1 siRNA significantly blocked NKT-mediated inhibition of NO, ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and upregulation of IL-10. Furthermore, NQO1 inhibition reversed the effects of NKT on pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling molecules. Intriguingly, we found that the AMPK inhibitor, compound C, mimicked the effects of dicoumarol, suggesting the presence of a crosstalk between NQO1 and AMPK. Finally, we demonstrated that NKT inhibited microglial activation, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of pro-inflammatory markers in the brains of LPS-injected mice, which was also reversed by dicoumarol. These data collectively suggest that NQO1 plays a critical role in mediating the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of NKT in LPS-induced neuroinflammation by modulating AMPK and its downstream signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Eun Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Ewha Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sun Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Ewha Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yea-Hyun Leem
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Ewha Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Ewha Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee-Sun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Ewha Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Yoo E, Lee J, Lertpatipanpong P, Ryu J, Kim CT, Park EY, Baek SJ. Anti-proliferative activity of A. Oxyphylla and its bioactive constituent nootkatone in colorectal cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:881. [PMID: 32928152 PMCID: PMC7491188 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A. oxyphylla extract is known to possess a wide range of pharmacological activites. However, the molecular mechanism of A. oxyphylla and its bioactive compound nootkatone in colorectal cancer is unknown. Methods Our study aims to examine the role of A. oxyphylla and its bioactive compound nootkatone, in tumor suppression using several in vitro assays. Results Both A. oxyphylla extract and nootkatone exhibited antiproliferative activity in colorectal cancer cells. A. oxyphylla displayed antioxidant activity in colorectal cancer cells, likely mediated via induction of HO-1. Furthermore, expression of pro-apoptotic protein NAG-1 and cell proliferative protein cyclin D1 were increased and decreased respectively in the presence of A. oxyphylla. When examined for anticancer activity, nootkatone treatment resulted in the reduction of colony and spheroid formation. Correspondingly, nootkatone also led to increased NAG-1 expression and decreased cyclin D1 expression. The mechanism by which nootkatone suppresses cyclin D1 involves protein level regulation, whereas nootkatone increases NAG-1 expression at the transcriptional level. In addition to having PPARγ binding activity, nootkatone also increases EGR-1 expression which ultimately results in enhanced NAG-1 promoter activity. Conclusion In summary, our findings suggest that nootkatone is an anti-tumorigenic compound harboring antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsu Yoo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jaehak Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Pattawika Lertpatipanpong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Junsun Ryu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Chong-Tai Kim
- R&D Center, EastHill Co. 33, Omokcheon-ro 132 beon-gil, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16642, South Korea
| | - Eul-Yong Park
- R&D Center, EastHill Co. 33, Omokcheon-ro 132 beon-gil, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16642, South Korea
| | - Seung Joon Baek
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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Cho G, Park HM, Jung WM, Cha WS, Lee D, Chae Y. Identification of candidate medicinal herbs for skincare via data mining of the classic Donguibogam text on Korean medicine. Integr Med Res 2020; 9:100436. [PMID: 32742921 PMCID: PMC7388188 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2020.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Korean cosmetics are widely exported throughout Asia. Cosmetics exploiting traditional Korean medicine lead this trend; thus, the traditional medicinal literature has been invaluable in terms of cosmetic development. We sought candidate medicinal herbs for skincare. Methods We used data mining to investigate associations between medicinal herbs and skin-related keywords (SRKs) in a classical text. We selected 26 SRKs used in the Donguibogam text; these referred to 626 medicinal herbs. Using a term frequency-inverse document frequency approach, we extracted data on herbal characteristics by assessing the co-occurrence frequencies of 52 medicinal herbs and the 26 SRKs. Results We extracted the characteristics of the 52 herbs, each of which exhibited a distinct skin-related action profile. For example Ginseng Radix was associated at a high-level with tonification and anti-aging, but Rehmanniae Radix exhibited a stronger association with anti-aging. Of the 52 herbs, 46 had been subjected to at least one modern study on skincare-related efficacy. Conclusions We made a comprehensive list of candidate medicinal herbs for skincare via data mining a classical medical text. This enhances our understanding of such herbs and will help with discovering new candidate herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayoung Cho
- Department of Medical History, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Amore Pacific Research and Development Center, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Min Park
- Amore Pacific Research and Development Center, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Mo Jung
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Seok Cha
- Department of Medical History, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghun Lee
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Younbyoung Chae
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bezerra Rodrigues Dantas L, Silva ALM, da Silva Júnior CP, Alcântara IS, Correia de Oliveira MR, Oliveira Brito Pereira Bezerra Martins A, Ribeiro-Filho J, Coutinho HDM, Rocha Santos Passos F, Quintans-Junior LJ, Alencar de Menezes IR, Pezzani R, Vitalini S. Nootkatone Inhibits Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Responses in Mice. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092181. [PMID: 32392744 PMCID: PMC7248960 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nootkatone (NTK) is a sesquiterpenoid found in essential oils of many species of Citrus (Rutaceae). Considering previous reports demonstrating that NTK inhibited inflammatory signaling pathways, this study aimed to investigate the effects of this compound in mice models of acute and chronic inflammation. Murine models of paw edema induced by carrageenan, dextran, histamine, and arachidonic acid, as well as carrageenan-induced peritonitis and pleurisy, were used to evaluate the effects of NTK on acute inflammation. A murine model of granuloma induced by cotton pellets was used to access the impact of NTK treatment on chronic inflammation. In the acute inflammation models, NTK demonstrated antiedematogenic effects and inhibited leukocyte recruitment, which was associated with decreased vascular permeability, inhibition of myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin (IL)1-β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production. In silico analysis suggest that NTZ anti-inflammatory effects may also occur due to inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 activity and antagonism of the histamine receptor type 1 (H1). These mechanisms might have contributed to the reduction of granuloma weight and protein concentration in the homogenates, observed in the chronic inflammation model. In conclusion, NTK exerted anti-inflammatory effects that are associated with inhibition of IL1-β and TNF-α production, possibly due to inhibition of COX-2 activity and antagonism of the H1 receptor. However, further studies are required to characterize the effects of this compound on chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindaiane Bezerra Rodrigues Dantas
- Departamento de Saúde, Centro Universitário Dr. Leão Sampaio-UNILEÃO, Av. Leão Sampaio, 400-Lagoa Seca, Juazeiro do Norte 63040-000, Ceará, Brazil; (L.B.R.D.); (A.L.M.S.)
| | - Ana Letícia Moreira Silva
- Departamento de Saúde, Centro Universitário Dr. Leão Sampaio-UNILEÃO, Av. Leão Sampaio, 400-Lagoa Seca, Juazeiro do Norte 63040-000, Ceará, Brazil; (L.B.R.D.); (A.L.M.S.)
| | - Cícero Pedro da Silva Júnior
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Rua Coronel Antônio Luis 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-000, Ceará, Brazil; (C.P.d.S.J.); isabel-alcantara-@hotmail.com (I.S.A.); (M.R.C.d.O.); (A.O.B.P.B.M.); (I.R.A.d.M.)
| | - Isabel Sousa Alcântara
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Rua Coronel Antônio Luis 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-000, Ceará, Brazil; (C.P.d.S.J.); isabel-alcantara-@hotmail.com (I.S.A.); (M.R.C.d.O.); (A.O.B.P.B.M.); (I.R.A.d.M.)
| | - Maria Rayane Correia de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Rua Coronel Antônio Luis 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-000, Ceará, Brazil; (C.P.d.S.J.); isabel-alcantara-@hotmail.com (I.S.A.); (M.R.C.d.O.); (A.O.B.P.B.M.); (I.R.A.d.M.)
| | - Anita Oliveira Brito Pereira Bezerra Martins
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Rua Coronel Antônio Luis 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-000, Ceará, Brazil; (C.P.d.S.J.); isabel-alcantara-@hotmail.com (I.S.A.); (M.R.C.d.O.); (A.O.B.P.B.M.); (I.R.A.d.M.)
| | - Jaime Ribeiro-Filho
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador 45500-000, Bahia, Brazil;
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Microbiology and Biology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Chemical Biology, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-000, Ceara, Brazil;
| | - Fabíolla Rocha Santos Passos
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (F.R.S.P.); (L.J.Q.-J.)
| | - Lucindo José Quintans-Junior
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (F.R.S.P.); (L.J.Q.-J.)
| | - Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Rua Coronel Antônio Luis 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-000, Ceará, Brazil; (C.P.d.S.J.); isabel-alcantara-@hotmail.com (I.S.A.); (M.R.C.d.O.); (A.O.B.P.B.M.); (I.R.A.d.M.)
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- O.U. Endocrinology, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, via Ospedale 105, 35128 Padova, Italy;
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Vitalini
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-50316766
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Hung LVM, Moon JY, Ryu JY, Cho SK. Nootkatone, an AMPK activator derived from grapefruit, inhibits KRAS downstream pathway and sensitizes non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells to adriamycin. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 63:153000. [PMID: 31280139 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases and it is intrinsically resistant to anticancer drugs. Nootkatone (NKT), which is the main fragrant component of grapefruit, has been identified as a bioactive compound with a wide range of beneficial applications. NKT can activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in liver and muscle cells, however, little is known about the role of NKT in cancer, particularly its role in NSCLC with high rates of liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and KRAS mutations. PURPOSE The anti-cancer activities of NKT in NSCLC A549 cells and ADR-resistant A549/ADR cells were investigated and compared to those of metformin, an AMPK activator that is used clinically as an AMPK activator. METHODS Cell viability, proliferation and NKT sensitization were determined by the MTT assay. Mechanisms of NKT against anti-cancer activities including AMPK activation, cell cycle arrest, and synergistic cytotoxic effect were evaluated by Western blot analysis, and flow cytometry. In in vivo experiments, athymic BALB/c male nude mice were used for experiments. After the successful generation of tumor models through subcutaneous injection of A549/ADR cells, NKT and/or ADR were administered and mice were kept for weekly measurements for up to 7 weeks. The animals were then sacrificed, and the tumors were removed from all animals and weighed. RESULTS NKT activated AMPK via LKB1-independent and CAMKK2-dependent pathways, leading to inhibition of cell growth and induction of G1 cell arrest. The effect of NKT is comparable but superior to that of metformin, an AMPK activator in clinical use. Importantly, NKT inhibited the activation of oncogenic AKT and ERK proteins, while metformin inhibited AKT but failed to impact ERK, the major oncogenic protein of NSCLC cells with KRAS mutation. The synergistic activity of NKT and ADR was more effective than that of metformin and ADR. In vivo data confirmed synergistic effects of NKT and ADR without systemic side effects. CONCLUSION We demonstrate for the first time that NKT can sensitize ADR-resistant A549/ADR cells to ADR in vitro and in vivo. Metformin, on the other hand, failed to show any synergistic effect with ADR in A549/ADR cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Van Manh Hung
- School of Biomaterials Science and Technology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yong Moon
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Ryu
- School of Biomaterials Science and Technology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Somi Kim Cho
- School of Biomaterials Science and Technology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Yong-Hui Li, Li PP, Tan YF, Cai HD, Zhang XP, Li YB, Zhang JQ. Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Nootkatone in a RAT Model of Chronic Kidney Disease VERSUS Normal Controls. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934819070050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7,8-dimethoxycoumarin Attenuates the Expression of IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2/MCP-1 in TNF-α-Treated HaCaT Cells by Potentially Targeting the NF-κB and MAPK Pathways. COSMETICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics6030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7,8-dimethoxycoumarin (DMC, C11H10O4), a natural coumarin compound, is present in Citrus plants including Citrus decumana and grapefruit. It is known to have protective effects on the kidneys against Cisplatin and ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the underlying mechanisms of its inhibitory effects on skin inflammation have not been investigated in vitro. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is known to be one of the main causative agents of skin inflammation. It induces pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by activating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of DMC on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in TNF-α-treated human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Pretreatment with DMC inhibited TNF-α-treated cytokines (interleukin 6; IL-6) and chemokines (IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1). In addition, DMC significantly inhibited TNF-α-treated NF-κB activation and phosphorylation of MAPKs, such as c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK). These results suggest that DMC may elicit an anti-inflammatory response by suppressing TNF-α-treated activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in keratinocytes. Hence, it might be a useful therapeutic drug against skin inflammatory diseases.
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Testicular Toxicity of Water Pipe Smoke Exposure in Mice and the Effect of Treatment with Nootkatone Thereon. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2416935. [PMID: 31341528 PMCID: PMC6614988 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2416935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a worldwide increase in the popularity of water pipe (shisha) tobacco smoking including in Europe and North America. However, little is known about the effects of water pipe smoke (WPS) exposure on male reproductivity. We have recently demonstrated that WPS exposure in mice induces testicular toxicity including inflammation and oxidative stress. Nootkatone, a sesquiterpenoid found in grapefruit, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the possible protective effect of nootkatone on WPS-induced testicular toxicity has not been reported before. Here, we tested the effects of treatment of mice with nootkatone on WPS-induced testicular toxicity. Mice were exposed to normal air or WPS (30 minutes/day, for 30 days). Nootkatone (90 mg/kg) was given orally to mice by gavage, 1 h before WPS or air exposure. Nootkatone treatment significantly ameliorated the WPS-induced increase in plasma levels of inhibin, uric acid, and lactate dehydrogenase activity. Nootkatone also significantly mitigated the decrease in testosterone, androgen-binding protein, and estradiol concentrations in the plasma induced by WPS. In testicular homogenates, WPS exposure caused a decrease in the total nitric oxide level and an increase in the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β level and oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde, cytochrome C, and 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine. All the latter effects were significantly alleviated by nootkatone treatment. Moreover, in testicular homogenate, nootkatone inhibited the expression of nuclear factor-kappaB induced by WPS. Likewise, histological examination of mouse testes showed that nootkatone treatment ameliorated the deterioration of spermatogenesis induced by WPS exposure. We conclude that nootkatone ameliorated the WPS-induced testicular inflammation and oxidative stress and hormonal and spermatogenesis alterations.
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Abstract
Nootkatone is one of the sesquiterpenes contained in citrus peels, especially in grapefruits. It is known that nootkatone has various physiological activities such as antioxidative and antifibrotic actions. This study showed that nootkatone, a natural sesquiterpene, exhibited antibacterial activities against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Bacillus cereus, with the antibacterial effect against C. diphtheriae being most pronounced. However, no growth-inhibitory effects or bactericidal activity was observed against Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, the bactericidal activity of nootkatone at a high concentration was observed against Gram-positive bacilli. These results suggested that nootkatone may exert an antibacterial effect by targeting cell wall structures or a particular metabolite. Moreover, even at a low concentration (0.25 mM), nootkatone was capable of inhibiting biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, this study demonstrated antibacterial efficacy for nootkatone against Gram-positive bacteria, indicating that nootkatone could be a potential candidate for the development of new antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, Junior College, Sagami Women's University, Minami-ku, Kanagawa, Japan
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22
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Wang Y, Wang M, Xu M, Li T, Fan K, Yan T, Xiao F, Bi K, Jia Y. Nootkatone, a neuroprotective agent from Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus, improves cognitive impairment in lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 62:77-85. [PMID: 29990697 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammatory responses play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our previous study demonstrated that petroleum ether extracts from Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus(AOF) could attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced learning and memory impairment in mice, which could be associated with its inhibitory effect on neuroinflammation. Therefore, our present study is to investigate the potential therapeutic neuroprotective effects of nootkatone (NKT) on an AD mouse model induced by intracerebroventricular injection of LPS. We found that NKT (10 mg/kg) group showed good performance in behavior experiments including Y-maze test and Morris water maze test. The results of histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis showed that LPS induced degeneration of neurons and activation of microglia particularly in hippocampus and NKT (10 mg/kg) reversed these changes. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis also demonstrated that the model group had increased expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NLRP3 and NF-κB p65, especially in hippocampus relative to sham-operated group, and NKT (10 mg/kg) decreased the high expression of these inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these data indicated that LPS-induced learning and memory impairments in mice could be improved by NKT, which was associated with attenuating neuroinflammatory responses. Our study indicated that NKT could act as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of neuroinflammation and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mengshi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mengjie Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tongde Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kaiyue Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tingxu Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ying Jia
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China.
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In Vivo Protective Effects of Nootkatone against Particles-Induced Lung Injury Caused by Diesel Exhaust Is Mediated via the NF-κB Pathway. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10030263. [PMID: 29495362 PMCID: PMC5872681 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that acute particulate air pollution exposure is linked with pulmonary adverse effects, including alterations of pulmonary function, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Nootkatone, a constituent of grapefruit, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effect of nootkatone on lung toxicity has not been reported so far. In this study we evaluated the possible protective effects of nootkatone on diesel exhaust particles (DEP)-induced lung toxicity, and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Mice were intratracheally (i.t.) instilled with either DEP (30 µg/mouse) or saline (control). Nootkatone was given to mice by gavage, 1 h before i.t. instillation, with either DEP or saline. Twenty-four hours following DEP exposure, several physiological and biochemical endpoints were assessed. Nootkatone pretreatment significantly prevented the DEP-induced increase in airway resistance in vivo, decreased neutrophil infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and abated macrophage and neutrophil infiltration in the lung interstitium, assessed by histolopathology. Moreover, DEP caused a significant increase in lung concentrations of 8-isoprostane and tumor necrosis factor α, and decreased the reduced glutathione concentration and total nitric oxide activity. These actions were all significantly alleviated by nootkatone pretreatment. Similarly, nootkatone prevented DEP-induced DNA damage and prevented the proteolytic cleavage of caspase-3. Moreover, nootkatone inhibited nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) induced by DEP. We conclude that nootkatone prevented the DEP-induced increase in airway resistance, lung inflammation, oxidative stress, and the subsequent DNA damage and apoptosis through a mechanism involving inhibition of NF-κB activation. Nootkatone could possibly be considered a beneficial protective agent against air pollution-induced respiratory adverse effects.
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Jung TD, Choi SI, Choi SH, Cho BY, Sim WS, Xionggao H, Lee SJ, Park SJ, Kim DB, Kim YC, Lee JH, Lee OH. Changes in the Anti-Allergic Activities of Sesame by Bioconversion. Nutrients 2018; 10:E210. [PMID: 29443928 PMCID: PMC5852786 DOI: 10.3390/nu10020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesame is an important oilseed crop, which has been used as a traditional health food to ameliorate the prevention of various diseases. We evaluated the changes in the anti-allergic activities of sesame by bioconversion. SDS-PAGE of non-fermented sesame proteins showed major allergen bands, while that of fermented sesame showed only a few protein bands. Additionally, we investigated the effectiveness of fermented sesame by bioconversion in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)- and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced HaCaT cells. In HaCaT cells, fermented sesame inhibited the mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), thymus and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22), activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Moreover, fermented sesame inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). Fermented sesame exerts anti-allergic effects by suppressing the expression of chemokines and cytokines via blockade of NF-κB and STAT1 activation.
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MESH Headings
- Agaricales
- Allergens/adverse effects
- Allergens/analysis
- Allergens/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Chemokines/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemokines/genetics
- Chemokines/metabolism
- Crops, Agricultural/adverse effects
- Crops, Agricultural/chemistry
- Crops, Agricultural/growth & development
- Crops, Agricultural/microbiology
- Cytokines/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dermatitis, Atopic/etiology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/prevention & control
- Fermentation
- Fermented Foods/adverse effects
- Fermented Foods/analysis
- Fermented Foods/microbiology
- Food Handling
- Food Hypersensitivity/etiology
- Food Hypersensitivity/immunology
- Food Hypersensitivity/prevention & control
- Fruiting Bodies, Fungal
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Keratinocytes/immunology
- Keratinocytes/metabolism
- Plant Proteins, Dietary/adverse effects
- Plant Proteins, Dietary/analysis
- Plant Proteins, Dietary/metabolism
- Republic of Korea
- Seeds/adverse effects
- Seeds/chemistry
- Seeds/growth & development
- Seeds/microbiology
- Sesamum/adverse effects
- Sesamum/chemistry
- Sesamum/growth & development
- Sesamum/microbiology
- Shiitake Mushrooms/isolation & purification
- Shiitake Mushrooms/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Dong Jung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (T.-D.J.); (S.-I.C.); (S.-H.C.); (B.-Y.C.); (W.-S.S.); (H.-X.)
| | - Sun-Il Choi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (T.-D.J.); (S.-I.C.); (S.-H.C.); (B.-Y.C.); (W.-S.S.); (H.-X.)
| | - Seung-Hyun Choi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (T.-D.J.); (S.-I.C.); (S.-H.C.); (B.-Y.C.); (W.-S.S.); (H.-X.)
| | - Bong-Yeon Cho
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (T.-D.J.); (S.-I.C.); (S.-H.C.); (B.-Y.C.); (W.-S.S.); (H.-X.)
| | - Wan-Sup Sim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (T.-D.J.); (S.-I.C.); (S.-H.C.); (B.-Y.C.); (W.-S.S.); (H.-X.)
| | - Han- Xionggao
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (T.-D.J.); (S.-I.C.); (S.-H.C.); (B.-Y.C.); (W.-S.S.); (H.-X.)
| | - Sang Jong Lee
- STR Biotech Company, LTD., Chuncheon 24232, Korea; or l (S.J.L.); (S.J.P.)
| | - Seon Ju Park
- STR Biotech Company, LTD., Chuncheon 24232, Korea; or l (S.J.L.); (S.J.P.)
| | - Dan-Bi Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea;
| | - Young-Cheul Kim
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Jin-Ha Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (T.-D.J.); (S.-I.C.); (S.-H.C.); (B.-Y.C.); (W.-S.S.); (H.-X.)
| | - Ok-Hwan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (T.-D.J.); (S.-I.C.); (S.-H.C.); (B.-Y.C.); (W.-S.S.); (H.-X.)
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25
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Nemmar A, Al-Salam S, Beegam S, Yuvaraju P, Ali BH. Thrombosis and systemic and cardiac oxidative stress and DNA damage induced by pulmonary exposure to diesel exhaust particles and the effect of nootkatone thereon. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 314:H917-H927. [PMID: 29351455 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00313.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adverse cardiovascular effects of particulate air pollution persist even at lower concentrations than those of the current air quality limit. Therefore, identification of safe and effective measures against particle-induced cardiovascular toxicity is needed. Nootkatone is a sesquiterpenoid in grapefruit with diverse bioactivities including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, its protective effect on the cardiovascular injury induced by diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) has not been studied before. We assessed the possible protective effect of nootkatone (90 mg/kg) administered by gavage 1 h before intratracheal instillation of DEPs (30 μg/mouse). Twenty-four hours after the intratracheal administration of DEPs, various thrombotic and cardiac parameters were assessed. Nootkatone inhibited the prothrombotic effect induced by DEPs in pial arterioles and venules in vivo and platelet aggregation in whole blood in vitro. Also, nootkatone prevented the shortening of activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time induced by DEPs. Nootkatone inhibited the increase of plasma concentration of fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, interleukin-6, and lipid peroxidation induced by DEPs. Immunohistochemically, hearts showed an analogous increase in glutathione and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 expression by cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells after DEP exposure, and these effects were enhanced in mice treated with nootkatone + DEPs. Likewise, heme oxygenase-1 was increased in mice treated with nootkatone + DEPs compared with those treated with DEPs or nootkatone + saline. The DNA damage caused by DEPs was prevented by nootkatoone pretreatment. In conclusion, nootkatoone alleviates DEP-induced thrombogenicity and systemic and cardiac oxidative stress and DNA damage, at least partly, through nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 and heme oxygenase-1 activation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Nootkatoone, a sesquiterpenoid found in grapefruit, alleviates the thrombogenicity and systemic and cardiac oxidative stress and DNA damage in mice exposed to diesel exhaust particles. Nootkatone-induced boosting of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 and heme oxygenase-1 levels in the heart of mice exposed to diesel exhaust particles suggests that its protective effect is, at least partly, mediated through nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 and heme oxygenase-1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University , Al Ain , United Arab Emirates
| | - Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University , Al Ain , United Arab Emirates
| | - Sumaya Beegam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University , Al Ain , United Arab Emirates
| | - Priya Yuvaraju
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University , Al Ain , United Arab Emirates
| | - Badreldin H Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Al-Khod, Sultanate of Oman
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26
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Fang X, Li CY, Yang Y, Cui MY, Chen XY, Yang L. Identification of a Novel (-)-5-Epieremophilene Synthase from Salvia miltiorrhiza via Transcriptome Mining. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:627. [PMID: 28487717 PMCID: PMC5404360 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza, a medicinal plant in China, has been used for thousands of years to treat coronary heart diseases. Although biosynthesis of tanshinones, a group of diterpenoids in S. miltiorrhiza, has been extensively investigated, to date we know little about the formation of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes in this medicinal plant. Here, we report the characterization of three sesquiterpene synthases, named SmSTPS1, SmSTPS2, and SmSTPS3, which catalyzed the formation of a new compound, (-)-5-epieremophilene. Additionally, the (-)-5-epieremophilene biosynthesis activity of SmSTPS1 was confirmed by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. Despite the similar enzyme activities of SmSTPS1, SmSTPS2, and SmSTPS3, the three (-)-5-epieremophilene synthase genes displayed different spatial expression patterns and responded differently to hormone treatments, implicating their specific roles in plant-environment interactions. Our results provide valuable data to understanding the biosynthesis and composition of terpenes in plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Chen-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Meng-Ying Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
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Chang KC, Lee DU. Nootkatone from the Rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus Protects Against Ischemia-reperfusion Mediated Acute Myocardial Injury in the Rat. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2016.845.850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Lim SJ, Kim M, Randy A, Nam EJ, Nho CW. Effects of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. extract and methyl vanillate on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions and TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced chemokines production in HaCaT cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:1465-1479. [PMID: 27696405 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Here, we hypothesized that Hovenia dulcis branch extract (HDB) and its active constituents ameliorates 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions by modulating the T helper Th1/Th2 balance in NC/Nga mice and TNF-α- and IFN-γ-induced production of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) in HaCaT cells. METHODS HaCaT cells were stimulated by TNF-α/IFN-γ in the presence of HDB and its constituents. TARC and MDC were measured by ELISA and RT-PCR. For the in-vivo study, oral feeding of HDB was performed for 5 weeks with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) treatment every other day. The efficacy of HDB on parameters of DNCB-induced AD was evaluated morphologically, physiologically and immunologically. KEY FINDINGS In-vitro studies showed that HDB and its constituents suppressed TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced production of TARC and MDC in HaCaT cells by inhibiting MAPK signalling. In-vivo studies showed that HDB regulated immunoglobulin (Ig) E and immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) levels in serum and the expression of mRNA for Th1- and Th2-related mediators in skin lesions. Histopathological analyses revealed reduced epidermal thickness and reduced infiltration of skin lesions by inflammatory cells. CONCLUSION These results suggest that HDB inhibits AD-like skin diseases by regulating Th1 and Th2 responses in NC/Nga mice and in HaCaT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Ji Lim
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Myungsuk Kim
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Ahmad Randy
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Korea.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eui Jeong Nam
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Korea.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Korea. .,Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Korea.
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29
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Arkwright RT, Deshmukh R, Adapa N, Stevens R, Zonder E, Zhang Z, Farshi P, Ahmed RSI, El-Banna HA, Chan TH, Dou QP. Lessons from Nature: Sources and Strategies for Developing AMPK Activators for Cancer Chemotherapeutics. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2016; 15:657-71. [PMID: 25511514 DOI: 10.2174/1871520615666141216145417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase or AMPK is a highly-conserved master-regulator of numerous cellular processes, including: Maintaining cellular-energy homeostasis, modulation of cytoskeletaldynamics, directing cell growth-rates and influencing cell-death pathways. AMPK has recently emerged as a promising molecular target in cancer therapy. In fact, AMPK deficiencies have been shown to enhance cell growth and proliferation, which is consistent with enhancement of tumorigenesis by AMPK-loss. Conversely, activation of AMPK is associated with tumor growth suppression via inhibition of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex-1 (mTORC1) or the mTOR signal pathway. The scientific communities' recognition that AMPK-activating compounds possess an anti-neoplastic effect has contributed to a rush of discoveries and developments in AMPK-activating compounds as potential anticancer-drugs. One such example is the class of compounds known as Biguanides, which include Metformin and Phenformin. The current review will showcase natural compounds and their derivatives that activate the AMPK-complex and signaling pathway. In addition, the biology and history of AMPK-signaling and AMPK-activating compounds will be overviewed, their anticancer-roles and mechanisms-of-actions will be discussed, and potential strategies for the development of novel, selective AMPK-activators with enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity will be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Q Ping Dou
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540.1 HWCRC, 4100 John R Road, Detroit, MI 48201- 2013.
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30
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Pirzada AM, Ali HH, Naeem M, Latif M, Bukhari AH, Tanveer A. Cyperus rotundus L.: Traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 174:540-60. [PMID: 26297840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae) is a medicinal herb traditionally used to treat various clinical conditions at home such as diarrhea, diabetes, pyresis, inflammation, malaria, and stomach and bowel disorders. Currently, it is one of the most widespread, problematic, and economically damaging agronomic weeds, growing wildly in various tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The present paper summarizes the available information that will aid in future medicine preparation by identifying active ingredients and their mode of action for a specific therapeutic activity using the latest technologies. MATERIAL AND METHOD This review article is based on the information available on the phytochemical, toxicological, and pharmacological studies on and traditional uses of C. rotundus. The present paper covers the literature available particularly from 2000 to 2015 online (Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Web of Science) and in books on phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, and botany of this plant. RESULTS Phytochemical and pharmacological studies revealed the significance of C. rotundus as an antiandrogenic, antibacterial, anticancerous, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antilipidemic, antimalarial, antimutagenic, antiobesity, antioxidant, anti-uropathogenic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and nootropic agent. This is the most investigated plant worldwide due to the higher concentration of active ingredients in the form of essential oils, phenolic acids, ascorbic acids, and flavonoids in the tuber and rhizomes. Unfortunately, this significant plant species has not been assessed under improved cultivation conditions with the aim of conservation in natural habitats and high quality. CONCLUSION Reports can be found on the ehtnobotanical use of C. rotundus in atherosclerosis, aging, apoptosis, cancer, cystitis, epilepsy, hirsutism, nociception, prostatitis, and genotoxicity disorders. The phytochemical and pharmacological activities of C. rotundus have supported its traditional as well as prospective uses as a valuable Ayurvedic plant. Previous researches focuses on the phytochemistry, biological properties and clinical application of rhizomes and tubers of C. rotundus. However, such studies on the other parts of this medicinally important plant are still quest to be investigate. Furthermore, future study should aim at confirming the clinical activities and safety of this plant before being used for the development of new therapeutic agent in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Masood Pirzada
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Baghdad-ul-Jadeeed Campus, Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Haider Ali
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Baghdad-ul-Jadeeed Campus, Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Baghdad-ul-Jadeeed Campus, Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asad Hussain Bukhari
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asif Tanveer
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 36000, Punjab, Pakistan
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31
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Park JH, Kim MS, Jeong GS, Yoon J. Xanthii fructus extract inhibits TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced Th2-chemokines production via blockade of NF-κB, STAT1 and p38-MAPK activation in human epidermal keratinocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 171:85-93. [PMID: 26051830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xanthii fructus (XF) is an herb widely used in medicine for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory pathologies. Chemokines are important mediators of cell migration, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22) are well-known typical inflammatory chemokines involved in atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of XF have not been elucidated in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of XF on TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced production of TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 in HaCaT cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS HaCaT cells were stimulated by TNF-α/IFN-γ in the presence of XF. TRAC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 productions were monitored by ELISA on the cell culture supernatant and by RT-PCR on total RNA extract. We use immunoblotting to analyze the effect of XF on activation of the NF-κB, STAT1 and MAPK pathways. RESULTS Ethanol extract of XF (EXF) inhibited mRNA expression and production of TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 induced by TNF-α/IFN-γ in a dose-dependent manner. It also significantly inhibited TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced activation of NF-κB, STAT1 and p38-MAPK. Furthermore, we observed that p38-MAPK contributes to the inhibition of TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 production by blocking NF-κB and STAT1 activation in HaCaT cells. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that developing therapeutic applications XF for the prevention of inflammatory skin diseases are feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Sin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaewoo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea.
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Jaiswal Y, Liang Z, Guo P, Ho HM, Chen H, Zhao Z. Tissue-specific metabolite profiling of Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes and (+)-nootkatone quantitation by laser microdissection, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:7302-7316. [PMID: 24938835 DOI: 10.1021/jf502494z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyperus rotundus L. is a plant species commonly found in both India and China. The caused destruction of this plant is of critical concern for agricultural produce. Nevertheless, it can serve as a potential source of the commercially important sesquiterpenoid (+)-nootkatone. The present work describes comparative metabolite profiling and (+)-nootkatone content determination in rhizome samples collected from these two countries. Laser dissected tissues, namely, the cortex, hypodermal fiber bundles, endodermis, amphivasal vascular bundles, and whole rhizomes were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used for profiling of essential oil constituents and quantitation of (+)-nootkatone. The content of (+)-nootkatone was found to be higher in samples from India (30.47 μg/10 g) compared to samples from China (21.72 μg/10 g). The method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines (Q2 R1). The results from this study can be applied for quality control and efficient utilization of this terpenoid-rich plant for several applications in food-based industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogini Jaiswal
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
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