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Ezelarab HAA, Ali TFS, Abbas SH, Sayed AM, Beshr EAM, Hassan HA. New antiproliferative 3-substituted oxindoles inhibiting EGFR/VEGFR-2 and tubulin polymerization. Mol Divers 2024; 28:563-580. [PMID: 36790582 PMCID: PMC11070402 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
New 3-substituted oxindole derivatives were designed and synthesized as antiproliferative agents. The antiproliferative activity of compounds 6a-j was evaluated against 60 NCI cell lines. Among these tested compounds, compounds 6f and 6g showed remarkable antiproliferative activity, specifically against leukemia and breast cancer cell lines. Compound 6f was the most promising antiproliferative agent against MCF-7 (human breast cancer) with an IC50 value of 14.77 µM compared to 5-fluorouracil (5FU) (IC50 = 2.02 µM). Notably, compound 6f hampered receptor tyrosine EGFR fundamentally with an IC50 value of 1.38 µM, compared to the reference sunitinib with an IC50 value of 0.08 µM. Moreover, compound 6f afforded anti-tubulin polymerization activity with an IC50 value of 7.99 µM as an outstanding observable activity compared with the reference combretastatin A4 with an IC50 value of 2.64 µM. In silico molecular-docking results of compound 6f in the ATP-binding site of EGFR agreed with the in vitro results. Besides, the investigation of the physicochemical properties of compound 6f via the egg-boiled method clarified good lipophilicity, GIT absorption, and blood-brain barrier penetration properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt
| | - Taha F S Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, 62513, Egypt
| | - Eman A M Beshr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Heba A Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt
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2
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Forte M, d'Amati A, Limongelli L, Corsalini M, Favia G, Ingravallo G, Barile G, Capodiferro S. Could MRONJ Be Related to Osimertinib Monotherapy in Lung Cancer Patients after Denosumab Suspension? Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:457. [PMID: 38391832 PMCID: PMC10888159 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws is the most frequent complication in patients treated or in therapy with antiresorptive/antiangiogenetic drugs. The list of medications possibly related to MRONJ onset is constantly growing; we aimed to report on a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Osimertinib) as possibly responsible for bilateral maxillary necrosis onset in the herein-described case. METHODS In June 2023, an oncologic patient with two different maxillary bone exposures was referred to our attention. His medical history revealed a two-year Denosumab regimen along with Osimertinib, the latter not suspended before teeth extractions. The clinicians performed a sequestrum removal and bone debridement after three cycles of antibiotic therapy. RESULTS Histologic examinations confirmed the clinical diagnosis of MRONJ excluding a metastatic occurrence, while complete mucosal healing was achieved after 15 days. CONCLUSIONS The patient suspended Denosumab for more than six months before teeth extraction for MRONJ prevention; hence, failure to discontinue Osimertinib led us to consider it a possible etiological factor. From a literature analysis, only one case has already been published reporting a possible Osimertinib-related occurrence of MRONJ in lung cancer patients. Our case is a further report that could be intended as an alert both for oncologists and dentists to share decisions about the oral management of such patients together, also informing them about this possible risk. Also, this report could trigger in the scientific community the necessity to evaluate further guidelines for similar doubtful cases in which the drug interaction, the mono-suspension, and the possible removable prosthesis-related additional trauma should be considered causes or con-causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Forte
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio d'Amati
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Limongelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Corsalini
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Favia
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Barile
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Saverio Capodiferro
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
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3
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Joshi J, Pandit A, Tarapara B, Patel H, Bhavnagari H, Panchal H, Shah FD. An association of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation subtypes with prognostic prediction and site-specific recurrence in advanced stage lung cancer patients. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5105-5115. [PMID: 37099232 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08432-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerning the different clinical behavior of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) subtypes in advanced-stage lung cancer patients, the current study aimed to evaluate the clinical, pathological, and prognostic significance of EGFR mutation subtypes, and treatment response in patients with advanced-stage lung cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS A retrospective study enrolled a total of 346 patients with advanced-stage lung cancer tested for EGFR mutation. EGFR mutation was analyzed by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. EGFR mutation was evident in 38% of patients with the highest prevalence of exon 19 deletions. A higher incidence of 19-deletions and 20-insertions were observed in young patients, while a higher incidence of L858R was noted in old age patients. Patients with de-novo T790M failed to improve their OS by any of the treatment modalities. Patients with de-novo T790M mutation have a higher risk of developing lung, liver, and multiple site metastases while patients with L858R mutation have a higher risk of developing brain metastasis. Additionally, patients with 19 deletion mutation did not improve their OS after receiving conventional chemotherapy hence, they demonstrate better survival only after EGFR-TKIs. Multivariate survival analysis predicted chemotherapy as an independent predictor of OS. CONCLUSION Besides clinicopathological and prognostic consequences of EGFR mutation and mutation subtypes, patients harboring TKI sensitive, or insensitive mutations reveal different secondary disease development and hence should be treated accordingly for better survival. Current findings may provide the basis for a better treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigna Joshi
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Apexa Pandit
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Bhoomi Tarapara
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Hitarth Patel
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Hunayna Bhavnagari
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Harsha Panchal
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Franky D Shah
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India.
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4
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Oliveira RJ, da Silveira IOMF, das Neves SC, Mitsuyasu B, Martins AC, Berno C, Mohammad J, Raj H, de Araujo FHS, Hortelan CR, Machado L, da Silva Júnior EN, Vilela MLB, Nascimento VA, Beatriz A, da Silva Gomes R. ZIM, a Norbornene Derived from 4-Aminoantipyrine, Induces DNA Damage and Cell Death but in Association Reduces the Effect of Commercial Chemotherapeutics. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:66-82. [PMID: 36548215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer incidence is increasing, and the drugs are not very selective. These drugs cause adverse effects, and the cells become resistant. Therefore, new drugs are needed. Here, we evaluated the effects of ZIM, a candidate for chemotherapy, and 4-AA alone and in association with commercial chemotherapeutic agents. Subsequently, the results of ZIM and 4-AA were compared. Male Swiss mice were treated with doses of 12, 24, or 48 mg/kg ZIM or 4-AA alone or in association with cisplatin (6 mg/kg), doxorubicin (16 mg/kg), and cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg). Biometric parameters, DNA damage (comet and micronuclei), cell death, and splenic phagocytosis were evaluated. DNA docking was also performed to confirm the possible interactions of ZIM and 4-AA with DNA. 4-AA has been shown to have low genotoxic potential, increase the frequency of cell death, and activate phagocytosis. ZIM causes genomic and chromosomal damage in addition to causing cell death and activating phagocytosis. In association with chemotherapeutical agents, both 4-AA and ZIM have a chemopreventive effect and, therefore, reduce the frequency of DNA damage, cell death, and splenic phagocytosis. The association of 4-AA and ZIM with commercial chemotherapeutic agents increased the frequency of lymphocytes compared to chemotherapeutic agents alone. Molecular docking demonstrated that ZIM has more affinity for DNA than 4-AA and its precursors (1 and 2). This was confirmed by the lower interaction energy of the complex (-119.83 kcal/mol). ZIM can break the DNA molecule and, therefore, its chemotherapeutic effect can be related to DNA damage. It is considered that ZIM has chemotherapeutic potential. However, it should not be used in combination with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide as it reduces the effects of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul79080-190, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul79070-900, Brazil
| | - Ingridhy Ostaciana Maia Freitas da Silveira
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul79070-900, Brazil.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota58102, United States
| | - Silvia C das Neves
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul79080-190, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul79070-900, Brazil
| | - Barbara Mitsuyasu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota58102, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP18618-689, Brazil
| | - Allana C Martins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota58102, United States
| | - Claudia Berno
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul79080-190, Brazil
| | - Jiyan Mohammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota58102, United States
| | - Halie Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota58102, United States
| | - Flavio H S de Araujo
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul79080-190, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Machado
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MGCEP 31270-901, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ24020-141, Brazil
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MGCEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marcelo L B Vilela
- Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul79070-900, Brazil
| | - Valter Aragão Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul79070-900, Brazil
| | - Adilson Beatriz
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul79070-900, Brazil
| | - Roberto da Silva Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota58102, United States
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5
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Abstract
EGFR is a member of the ERBB family. It plays a significant role in cellular processes such as growth, survival and differentiation via the activation of various signaling pathways. EGFR deregulation is implicated in various human malignancies, and therefore EGFR has emerged as an attractive anticancer target. EGFR inhibition using strategies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies hinders cellular proliferation and promotes apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. EGFR inhibition by tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been shown to be a better treatment option than chemotherapy for advanced-stage EGFR-driven non-small-cell lung cancer, yet de novo and acquired resistance limits the clinical benefit of these therapeutic molecules. This review discusses the cellular signaling pathways activated by EGFR. Further, current therapeutic strategies to target aberrant EGFR signaling in cancer and mechanisms of resistance to them are highlighted.
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6
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Hybrid Pharmacophore- and Structure-Based Virtual Screening Pipeline to Identify Novel EGFR Inhibitors That Suppress Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073487. [PMID: 35408854 PMCID: PMC8999148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression is frequently observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) growth and metastasis. Despite recent successes in the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), inevitable resistance to TKIs has led to urgent calls for novel EGFR inhibitors. Herein, we report a rational workflow used to identify novel EGFR-TKIs by combining hybrid ligand- and structure-based pharmacophore models. Three types of models were developed in this workflow, including 3D QSAR-, common feature-, and structure-based EGFR-TK domain-containing pharmacophores. A National Cancer Institute (NCI) compound dataset was adopted for multiple-stage pharmacophore-based virtual screening (PBVS) of various pharmacophore models. The six top-scoring compounds were identified through the PBVS pipeline coupled with molecular docking. Among these compounds, NSC609077 exerted a significant inhibitory effect on EGFR activity in gefitinib-resistant H1975 cells, as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Further investigations showed that NSC609077 inhibited the anchorage-dependent growth and migration of lung cancer cells. Furthermore, NSC609077 exerted a suppressive effect on the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway in H1975 cells. In conclusion, these findings suggest that hybrid virtual screening may accelerate the development of targeted drugs for lung cancer treatment.
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7
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Babu G, Bin Islam S, Khan MA. A review on the genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility of cancer patients in Bangladesh. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6725-6739. [PMID: 35277785 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major health burdens worldwide, and genetic polymorphisms in individuals are closely associated with cancer susceptibility. Like in many other developing countries, the risk of cancer is increasing among Bangladeshi population. Genetic polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolic enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP2A6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, NAT2, SULT1A), cell cycle regulatory proteins (TP53, HER2, MDM2, miR-218-2, TGFB), cell signaling protein (CDH1), DNA repair proteins (BRCA1, BRCA2, EXO1, RAD51, XRCC2, ECCR1, ERCC4, XPC, ERCC2), and others (HLA-DRB1, INSIG2, GCNT1P5) have been found to be associated with various cancers like cancers of breast, bladder, cervix, colon, lung, prostate, etc. in different studies with Bangladeshi population. In this review article, we have discussed these gene polymorphisms associated with cancers in the Bangladeshi population, and also made a comparison with other ethnic groups. This will probably be helpful in understanding drug effects, drug resistance, and personalized medicine in the population of this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golap Babu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, 1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shad Bin Islam
- Bachelor in Medicine and Surgery Program, Affiliated hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Md Asaduzzaman Khan
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 646000, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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8
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Shi R, Zhang Z, Zhu A, Xiong X, Zhang J, Xu J, Sy MS, Li C. Targeting Type I Collagen for Cancer Treatment. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:665-683. [PMID: 35225360 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is the most abundant protein in animals. Interactions between tumor cells and collagen influence every step of tumor development. Type I collagen is the main fibrillar collagen in the extracellular matrix and is frequently up-regulated during tumorigenesis. The binding of type I collagen to its receptors on tumor cells promotes tumor cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis. Type I collagen also regulates the efficacy of tumor therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Furthermore, type I collagen fragments are diagnostic markers of metastatic tumors and have prognostic value. Inhibition of type I collagen synthesis has been reported to have anti-tumor effects in animal models. However, collagen has also been shown to possess anti-tumor activity. Therefore, the roles that type I collagen plays in tumor biology are complex and tumor type-dependent. In this review, we discuss the expression and regulation of synthesis of type I collagen, as well as the role up-regulated type I collagen plays in various stages of cancer progression. We also discuss the role of collagen in tumor therapy. Finally, we highlight several recent approaches targeting type I collagen for cancer treatment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Shi
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong High Education Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong High Education Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ankai Zhu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong High Education Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingxing Xiong
- Department of Operating Room, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong High Education Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Man-Sun Sy
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Chaoyang Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong High Education Institute, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Kolesar J, Peh S, Thomas L, Baburaj G, Mukherjee N, Kantamneni R, Lewis S, Pai A, Udupa KS, Kumar An N, Rangnekar VM, Rao M. Integration of liquid biopsy and pharmacogenomics for precision therapy of EGFR mutant and resistant lung cancers. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:61. [PMID: 35209919 PMCID: PMC8867675 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of molecular profiling has revolutionized the treatment of lung cancer by comprehensively delineating the genomic landscape of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. Drug resistance caused by EGFR mutations and genetic polymorphisms of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters impedes effective treatment of EGFR mutant and resistant lung cancer. This review appraises current literature, opportunities, and challenges associated with liquid biopsy and pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing as precision therapy tools in the management of EGFR mutant and resistant lung cancers. Liquid biopsy could play a potential role in selection of precise tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapies during different phases of lung cancer treatment. This selection will be based on the driver EGFR mutational status, as well as monitoring the development of potential EGFR mutations arising during or after TKIs treatment, since some of these new mutations may be druggable targets for alternative TKIs. Several studies have identified the utility of liquid biopsy in the identification of EGFR driver and acquired resistance with good sensitivities for various blood-based biomarkers. With a plethora of sequencing technologies and platforms available currently, further evaluations using randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in multicentric, multiethnic and larger patient cohorts could enable optimization of liquid-based assays for the detection of EGFR mutations, and support testing of CYP450 enzymes and drug transporter polymorphisms to guide precise dosing of EGFR TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Kolesar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Spencer Peh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Levin Thomas
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Gayathri Baburaj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Nayonika Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Raveena Kantamneni
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shirley Lewis
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ananth Pai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Karthik S Udupa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Naveena Kumar An
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Vivek M Rangnekar
- Markey Cancer Centre and Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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10
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Mishiro K, Nishii R, Sawazaki I, Sofuku T, Fuchigami T, Sudo H, Effendi N, Makino A, Kiyono Y, Shiba K, Taki J, Kinuya S, Ogawa K. Development of Radiohalogenated Osimertinib Derivatives as Imaging Probes for Companion Diagnostics of Osimertinib. J Med Chem 2022; 65:1835-1847. [PMID: 35015529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osimertinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for treating non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. Genetic testing is required to detect the mutation for selecting patients who can use osimertinib. Here, we report an attempt to develop nuclear imaging probes that detect the EGFR mutations. We designed and synthesized I-osimertinib and Br-osimertinib with a radioactive or nonradioactive halogen atom at an indole ring in osimertinib and evaluated them. In vitro assays suggested that both I-osimertinib and Br-osimertinib exhibit a specifically high activity toward NSCLC with EGFR L858R/T790M mutations. In biodistribution experiments, the accumulation of both [125I]I-osimertinib and [77Br]Br-osimertinib in tumors with mutations was significantly higher than that in blood and muscle. However, these osimertinib derivatives showed a significantly higher accumulation in lungs than in tumors. Therefore, for detecting the mutations in lung cancer, further structural modifications of the probes are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Mishiro
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishii
- Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST) Chiba, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Izumi Sawazaki
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tomoki Sofuku
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fuchigami
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hitomi Sudo
- Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST) Chiba, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Nurmaya Effendi
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Akira Makino
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kiyono
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shiba
- Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Junichi Taki
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Seigo Kinuya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kazuma Ogawa
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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11
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Structural Insight and Development of EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030819. [PMID: 35164092 PMCID: PMC8838133 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has a high prevalence, with a growing number of new cases and mortality every year. Furthermore, the survival rate of patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is still quite low in the majority of cases. Despite the use of conventional therapy such as tyrosine kinase inhibitor for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), which is highly expressed in most NSCLC cases, there was still no substantial improvement in patient survival. This is due to the drug’s ineffectiveness and high rate of resistance among individuals with mutant EGFR. Therefore, the development of new inhibitors is urgently needed. Understanding the EGFR structure, including its kinase domain and other parts of the protein, and its activation mechanism can accelerate the discovery of novel compounds targeting this protein. This study described the structure of the extracellular, transmembrane, and intracellular domains of EGFR. This was carried out along with identifying the binding pose of commercially available inhibitors in the ATP-binding and allosteric sites, thereby clarifying the research gaps that can be filled. The binding mechanism of inhibitors that have been used clinically was also explained, thereby aiding the structure-based development of new drugs.
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12
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Li Y, Liu X, Ma Z. EGFR, NF-κB and noncoding RNAs in precision medicine. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 190:189-218. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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EGFR and HER2 exon 20 insertions in solid tumours: from biology to treatment. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:51-69. [PMID: 34561632 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-021-00558-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinases of the human epidermal growth factor receptor family, including EGFR and HER2, have emerged as important therapeutic targets in non-small-cell lung, breast and gastroesophageal cancers, and are of relevance for the treatment of various other malignancies (particularly colorectal cancer). Classic activating EGFR exon 19 deletions and exon 21 mutations, and HER2 amplification and/or overexpression, are predictive of response to matched molecularly targeted therapies, translating into favourable objective response rates and survival outcomes. By comparison, cancers with insertion mutations in exon 20 of either EGFR or HER2 are considerably less sensitive to the currently available tyrosine kinase inhibitors and antibodies targeting these receptors. These exon 20 insertions are structurally distinct from other EGFR and HER2 mutations, providing an explanation for this lack of sensitivity. In this Review, we first discuss the prevalence and pan-cancer distribution of EGFR and HER2 exon 20 insertions, their biology and detection, and associated responses to current molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapies. We then focus on novel approaches that are being developed to more effectively target tumours driven by these non-classic EGFR and HER2 alterations.
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14
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Hassanein SS, Ibrahim SA, Abdel-Mawgood AL. Cell Behavior of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Is at EGFR and MicroRNAs Hands. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12496. [PMID: 34830377 PMCID: PMC8621388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a complex disease associated with gene mutations, particularly mutations of Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (KRAS) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are the two major types of lung cancer. The former includes most lung cancers (85%) and are commonly associated with EGFR mutations. Several EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), including erlotinib, gefitinib, and osimertinib, are effective therapeutic agents in EGFR-mutated NSCLC. However, their effectiveness is limited by the development (acquired) or presence of intrinsic drug resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene regulators that play a profound role in the development and outcomes for NSCLC via their role as oncogenes or oncosuppressors. The regulatory role of miRNA-dependent EGFR crosstalk depends on EGFR signaling pathway, including Rat Sarcoma/Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 (Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK1/2), Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT), Nuclear Factor Kappa-Light-Chain-Enhancer of Activated B Cells (NF-kB), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), and growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2). Dysregulated expression of miRNAs affects sensitivity to treatment with EGFR-TKIs. Thus, abnormalities in miRNA-dependent EGFR crosstalk can be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as therapeutic targets in NSCLC. In this review, we present an overview of miRNA-dependent EGFR expression regulation, which modulates the behavior and progression of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Sayed Hassanein
- Biotechnology Program, Basic and Applied Sciences (BAS) Institute, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Alexandria 21934, Egypt;
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | | | - Ahmed Lotfy Abdel-Mawgood
- Biotechnology Program, Basic and Applied Sciences (BAS) Institute, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Alexandria 21934, Egypt;
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15
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Yang L, Gao Y, Bajpai VK, El-Kammar HA, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Cheng KW, Wang M, Arroo RRJ, Zou L, Farag MA, Zhao Y, Xiao J. Advance toward isolation, extraction, metabolism and health benefits of kaempferol, a major dietary flavonoid with future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2773-2789. [PMID: 34554029 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1980762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a major ubiquitous secondary metabolite, flavonoids are widely distributed in planta. Among flavonoids, kaempferol is a typical natural flavonol in diets and medicinal plants with myriad bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory activity, anti-cancer activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-diabetic activity. However, the natural sources, absorption and metabolism as well as the bioactivities of kaempferol have not been reviewed comprehensively and systematically. This review highlights the latest research progress and the effect of kaempferol in the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases, as well as its protective health effects, and provides a theoretical basis for future research to be used in nutraceuticals. Further, comparison of the different extraction and analytical methods are presented to highlight the most optimum for PG recovery and its detection in plasma and body fluids. Such review aims at improving the value-added applications of this unique dietary bioactive flavonoids at commercial scale and to provide a reference for its needed further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yongchao Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heba A El-Kammar
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ka-Wing Cheng
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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16
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Kato S, Adashek JJ, Subbiah V, Fu S, Sun M, Nguyen L, Brown EJ, Yap TA, Karp DD, Piha-Paul SA, Hong DS. A phase i study of ixazomib and erlotinib in patients with advanced solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2021; 40:99-105. [PMID: 34468905 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01153-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies have shown that the combined inhibition of EGFR and NF-kB pathways to target the RalB/TBK1 pathway led to synergistic antitumor activity. Based on this rationale, we conducted a Phase I dose-escalation study combining the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib with the NF-kB inhibitor ixazomib in advanced solid tumors. Patients and methods. Patients with advanced solid tumors were eligible. The bayesian optimal interval phase I dose escalation design was used to establish the maximum tolerated dose and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). Results. Nineteen patients with a range of solid tumors were enrolled. The most common treatment-related adverse events of any grade were diarrhea (42.1%, 8/19), followed by rash (36.8%, 7/19) and nausea (21.1%, 4/19). The combination RP2D for oral ixazomib was 4.0 mg on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle, with oral erlotinib 150 mg daily. While no patient achieved RECIST v1.1 objective responses, 3 patients with advanced sarcoma experienced durable RECIST v1.1 stable disease ≥ 6 months (8.4, 10.6, and 15.7 months) and the best response was -13% decrease in clear cell sarcoma. Conclusions. The combination of erlotinib and ixazomib was safe and well tolerated among patients with advanced cancer, with preliminary signals of antitumor activity in patients with advanced sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Kato
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Jacob J Adashek
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Siqing Fu
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mianen Sun
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ly Nguyen
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elsa J Brown
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy A Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel D Karp
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarina A Piha-Paul
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David S Hong
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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17
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Wenceslau PRS, de Paula RLG, Duarte VS, D'Oliveira GDC, Guimarães LMM, Pérez CN, Borges LL, Martins JLR, Fajemiroye JO, Franco CHJ, Perjesi P, Napolitano HB. Insights on a new sulfonamide chalcone with potential antineoplastic application. J Mol Model 2021; 27:211. [PMID: 34173883 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04818-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones (E)-1,3-diphenyl-2-propene-1-ones, a class of biosynthetic precursor molecules of flavonoids, have a wide variety of biological applications. Besides the natural products, many synthetic derivatives and analogs became an object of continued interest in academia and industry. In this work, a synthesis and an extensive structural study were performed on a sulfonamide chalcone 1-Benzenesulfonyl-3-(4-bromobenzylidene)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinolin-4-one with potential antineoplastic application. In addition, in silico experiments have shown that the sulfonamide chalcone fits well in the ligand-binding site of EGFR with seven μ-alkyl binding energy interactions on the ligand-binding site. Finally, the kinetic stability and the pharmacophoric analysis for EGFR indicated the necessary spatial characteristics for potential activity of sulfonamide chalcone as an antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia R S Wenceslau
- Campus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Renata L G de Paula
- Campus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Vitor S Duarte
- Campus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Laura M M Guimarães
- Campus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Caridad N Pérez
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Leonardo L Borges
- Campus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis, GO, Brazil.,Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - José L R Martins
- Universidade Evangélica de Goiás, UniEvangélica, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - James O Fajemiroye
- Universidade Evangélica de Goiás, UniEvangélica, Anápolis, GO, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Chris H J Franco
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Pal Perjesi
- Universidade Evangélica de Goiás, UniEvangélica, Anápolis, GO, Brazil.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Hamilton B Napolitano
- Campus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis, GO, Brazil. .,Universidade Evangélica de Goiás, UniEvangélica, Anápolis, GO, Brazil.
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18
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Amri J, Molaee N, Karami H, Baazm M. Combination of two miRNAs has a stronger effect on stimulating apoptosis, inhibiting cell growth, and increasing erlotinib sensitivity relative to single miRNA in A549 lung cancer cells. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:1383-1394. [PMID: 34081797 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite the dramatic efficacy of EGFR-TKIs, most of non-small cell lung cancer patients ultimately develop resistance to these agents. In this study, we explored the effects of miRNA-125a-5p and miRNA-145, alone or in combination, EGFR expression, cell growth and sensitivity of the NSCLC cells to erlotinib. The expression of EGFR was measured using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The effect of miRNAs and erlotinib on cell growth and survival was assessed by trypan blue assay and MTT assay, respectively. Apoptosis was measured using ELISA cell death assay. We found that transfection of miRNA-125a-5p and miRNA-145 significantly inhibited the expression of EGFR mRNA and protein in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.05 vs. blank control or negative control miRNA). ANOVA and Bonferroni's test were used to ascertain significant differences between groups. Other experiments indicated that upregulation of each of miRNA-125a-5p or miRNA-145 inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis, and markedly decreased the IC50 value of erlotinib in A549 lung cancer cells (p < 0.05). Moreover, the combination of two miRNAs showed a stronger effect on cells survival, apoptosis, and drug sensitivity, relative to single miRNA (p < 0.05). The results of our study indicate that the therapeutic delivery of miRNA-145 and miRNA-125a-5p to lung cancer may inhibit cell proliferation, trigger apoptosis, and sensitize lung cancer cells to EGFR-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Amri
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Sardasht Street, Arak, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Molaee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Sardasht Street, Arak, Iran
| | - Hadi Karami
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Sardasht Street, Arak, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Sardasht Street, Arak, Iran
| | - Maryam Baazm
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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19
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Sun P, Qu Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Wang X, Sheng J. Wighteone exhibits an antitumor effect against EGFR L858R/T790M mutation non-small cell lung cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:3900-3908. [PMID: 34093797 PMCID: PMC8176237 DOI: 10.7150/jca.54574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring activating EGFR mutations were initially treated by first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), unfortunately, the efficacy of these drugs is limited, mostly frequent due to T790M mutation. Although osimertinib has been approved to treat patients with T790M-positive NSCLC, the majority of patients will develop C797S mutation and suffer diseases again. Therefore, more novel therapeutic strategies for T790M mutation-positive NSCLC are urgently required. We hypothesized that wighteone, a natural compound isolated from plant derivatives, has antitumor effects against NSCLC with T790M mutation. In this study, we created a Ba/F3 cell line harboring EGFR L858R/T790M mutation (Ba/F3 EGFR L858R/T790M cell line), and then used this cell line and a human NSCLC cell line with EGFR L858R/T790M mutation (NCI-H1975) to investigate the effects and mechanism of wighteone. The results showed that wighteone inhibited cell proliferation, suppressed EGFR signaling pathway, caused cell cycle redistribution and induced cell apoptosis. Our studies suggest that wighteone may provide a novel potential therapeutic strategy for NSCLC patients with T790M mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yana Qu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuna Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuanjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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20
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Co-delivery of EGFR and BRD4 siRNA by cell-penetrating peptides-modified redox-responsive complex in triple negative breast cancer cells. Life Sci 2020; 266:118886. [PMID: 33310044 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has drawn more and more attention due to its high mitotic indices, high metastatic rate and poor prognosis. Gene therapy, especially RNA interference (RNAi), has become a promising targeted therapy. However, improvement of transfection efficiency and discovery of target genes are major problems for the delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNA). MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, we developed GALA- and CREKA-modified PEG-SS-PEI to deliver siRNAs targeting on EGFR and BRD4 for TNBC therapy. The PEG-SS-PEI/siRNA complexes were prepared by electrostatic interaction and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The release characteristic, stability, cellular uptake and intracellular localization of the complexes were also studied. The effect of the complexes on cell viability was measured in MDA-MB-231 and HUVEC cells. The in vitro anti-tumor activities of the complexes were analyzed by Transwell invasion assay and wound healing assay. The gene silencing effect was evaluated by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. KEY FINDINGS The results revealed that the GALA- and CREKA-modified PEG-SS-PEI/siRNA complexes showed excellent transfection efficiency with redox-sensitive release profile and good biological compatibility. The complexes protected siRNA from the degradation of RNA enzymes. The complexes significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells via the synergistic inhibition of EGFR/PI3K/Akt and BRD4/c-Myc pathways. SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, co-delivery of siEGFR and siBRD4 by GALA-PEG-SS-PEI and CREKA-PEG-SS-PEI may provide a more effective strategy for the treatment of TNBC.
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21
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In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of New Indole-Based 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles as EGFR and COX-2 Inhibitors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215190. [PMID: 33171861 PMCID: PMC7664637 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are crucial targetable enzymes in cancer management. Therefore, herein, new 2-[(5-((1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio]-N-(thiazol/benzothiazol-2-yl)acetamides (2a-i) were designed and synthesized as EGFR and COX-2 inhibitors. The cytotoxic effects of compounds 2a-i on HCT116 human colorectal carcinoma, A549 human lung adenocarcinoma, and A375 human melanoma cell lines were determined using MTT assay. 2-[(5-((1H-Indol-3-yl)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio]-N-(6-ethoxybenzothiazol-2-yl)acetamide (2e) exhibited the most significant anticancer activity against HCT116, A549, and A375 cell lines with IC50 values of 6.43 ± 0.72 μM, 9.62 ± 1.14 μM, and 8.07 ± 1.36 μM, respectively, when compared with erlotinib (IC50 = 17.86 ± 3.22 μM, 19.41 ± 2.38 μM, and 23.81 ± 4.17 μM, respectively). Further mechanistic assays demonstrated that compound 2e enhanced apoptosis (28.35%) in HCT116 cells more significantly than erlotinib (7.42%) and caused notable EGFR inhibition with an IC50 value of 2.80 ± 0.52 μM when compared with erlotinib (IC50 = 0.04 ± 0.01 μM). However, compound 2e did not cause any significant COX-2 inhibition, indicating that this compound showed COX-independent anticancer activity. The molecular docking study of compound 2e emphasized that the benzothiazole ring of this compound occupied the allosteric pocket in the EGFR active site. In conclusion, compound 2e is a promising EGFR inhibitor that warrants further clinical investigations.
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22
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Guo Z, Sun Q, Liao Y, Liu C, Zhao W, Li X, Liu H, Dong M, Shang Y, Sui L, Kong Y. MiR-30a-5p inhibits proliferation and metastasis of hydatidiform mole by regulating B3GNT5 through ERK/AKT pathways. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8350-8362. [PMID: 32575164 PMCID: PMC7412694 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatidiform moles are gestational trophoblastic disease. They are abnormal proliferations of trophoblast cells that have the potential to become cancerous. miR-miR30a-5p is a tumour suppressor that participates in the development of numerous diseases. However, the role of miR-30a in hydatidiform moles and the mechanisms underlying its effects are presently unclear. This study explored the levels of miR-30a and B3GNT5 expression in human hydatidiform mole tissue. The results showed that miR-30a and B3GNT5 were differentially expressed in normal placenta and hydatidiform mole, and miR-30a decreased cell proliferation, invasion and migration in trophoblast cell lines. Upon further examination, it was confirmed that miR-30a directly targeted the 3'untranslated region of B3GNT5 using a dual-luciferase assay. The results of the present study also revealed that miR-30a reduced the proliferation, invasion and migration ability in JAR and BeWo cells by regulating B3GNT5, which may inactivate the ERK and AKT signalling pathways. This study demonstrated that miR-30a was a novel target B3GNT5 that serves an important role in the development of hydatidiform moles, suggesting that miR-30a may serve as a novel potential biomarker or useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for hydatidiform moles in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Guo
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Qiannan Sun
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Yangyou Liao
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Chao Liu
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Huan Liu
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Ming Dong
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Yuhong Shang
- Department of GynecologyFirst Affiliated HospitalDalian Med UniversityDalianChina
| | - Linlin Sui
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Ying Kong
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
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23
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Targeted therapy and drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer: the EGFR axis. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:657-665. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20191055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Targeting of estrogen receptor is commonly used as a first-line treatment for hormone-positive breast cancer patients, and is considered as a keystone of systemic cancer therapy. Likewise, HER2-targeted therapy significantly improved the survival of HER2-positive breast cancer patients, indicating that targeted therapy is a powerful therapeutic strategy for breast cancer. However, for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive breast cancer subtype, there are no clinically approved targeted therapies, and thus, an urgent need to identify potent, highly effective therapeutic targets. In this mini-review, we describe general strategies to inhibit tumor growth by targeted therapies and briefly discuss emerging resistance mechanisms. Particularly, we focus on therapeutic targets for TNBC and discuss combination therapies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and associated resistance mechanisms.
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Jin J, Wang L, Tao Z, Zhang J, Lv F, Cao J, Hu X. PDGFD induces ibrutinib resistance of diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma through activation of EGFR. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2209-2219. [PMID: 32186759 PMCID: PMC7115192 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ibrutinib, an FDA approved, orally administered BTK inhibitor, has demonstrated high response rates to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), however, complete responses are infrequent and acquired resistance to BTK inhibition can emerge. The present study investigated the role of the platelet-derived growth factor D (PDGFD) gene and the ibrutinib resistance of DLBCL in relation to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Bioinformatics was used to screen and analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in complete response (CR), partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD) in DLBCL treatment with ibrutinib, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to analyze enriched the signaling pathways increasing DEGs. The Search Tool for Interactions of Chemicals database was used to analyze the target genes of ibrutinib. An interaction network of DEGs, disease-related genes and ibrutinib was constructed. The expression of PDGFD in tissues that were resistant or susceptible to DLBCL/ibrutinib was detected via immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the expression of PDGFD in DLBCL/ibrutinib-resistant strains and their parental counterparts were examined via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses. Subsequently, a drug-resistant cell model of DLBCL/ibrutinib in which PDGFD was silenced was constructed. The apoptosis of the DLBCL/ibrutinib-resistant strains was examined using MTT and flow cytometry assays. EGFR gene expression was then assessed. At the same time, a PDGFD-interfering plasmid and an EGFR overexpression plasmid were transfected into the DLBCL drug-resistant cells (TMD8-ibrutinib, HBL1-ibrutinib) separately or together. MTT was used to measure cell proliferation and changes in the IC50 of ibrutinib. A total of 86 DEGs that increased in the CR, PR and SD tissues were screened, and then evaluated with GO and KEGG. The interaction network diagram showed that there was a regulatory relationship between PDGFD and disease-related genes, and that PDGFD could indirectly target the ibrutinib target gene EGFR, indicating that PDGFD could regulate DLBCL via EGFR. IHC results showed high expression of PDGFD in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma tissues with ibrutinib tolerance. PDGFD expression in ibrutinib-resistant DLBCL cells was higher compared with in parental cells. Following interference with PDGFD expression in ibrutinib-resistant DLBCL cells, the IC50 value of ibrutinib decreased, the rate of apoptosis increased and EGFR expression decreased. In brief, EGFR overexpression can reverse the resistance of DLBCL to ibrutinib via PDGFD interference, and PDGFD induces the resistance of DLBCL to ibrutinib via EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Leiping Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhonghua Tao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Junning Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xichun Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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25
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Jamal J, Molaee N, Karami H. Up-Regulation of MiRNA-125a-5p Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Increases EGFR-TKI Induced Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:3361-3367. [PMID: 31759360 PMCID: PMC7062986 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.11.3361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the dramatic efficacy of erlotinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), most of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients ultimately acquire resistance to this agent. Different studies indicated that miRNA-125a-5p is down-regulated in human lung cancer cells and may function as a tumor suppressor by targeting EGFR. However, the biological function of miRNA-125a-5p in NSCLC resistance to EGFR-TKIs is not fully understood. In this study the effect of miRNA-125a-5p on cell proliferation, apoptosis and sensitivity of the A549 lung cancer cells to erlotinib was investigated. METHODS After miRNA-125a-5p transfection, the expression levels of EGFR mRNA were measured by QRT-PCR. Trypan blue assays were performed to evaluate the proliferation of the A549 lung cancer cells. The cytotoxic effects of miRNA-125a-5p and erlotinib, alone and in combination, were determined using MTT assay. Combination index study was performed using the method of Chou-Talalay. Apoptosis was assessed using an ELISA cell death assay kit. RESULTS MiRNA-125a-5p clearly reduced the expression of EGFR mRNA in a time dependent manner, causing marked cell proliferation inhibition and spontaneous apoptosis (p<0.05, relative to control). Pretreatment with miRNA-125a-5p synergistically increased the cytotoxic effect of erlotinib and decreased its IC50. Furthermore, miRNA-125a-5p significantly enhanced the apoptotic effect of erlotinib. Negative control miRNA had no significant effect on biological parameter of the tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that suppression of EGFR by miRNA-125a-5p can effectively trigger apoptosis and overcome EGFR-TKs resistance of lung cancer cells. Therefore, miRNA-125a-5p may be a potential therapeutic adjuvant in patients with lung cancer. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Jamal
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center,
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center,
| | - Neda Molaee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Hadi Karami
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center,
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
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26
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Wang J, Sun P, Wang Q, Zhang P, Wang Y, Zi C, Wang X, Sheng J. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate derivatives combined with cisplatin exhibit synergistic inhibitory effects on non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:266. [PMID: 31636509 PMCID: PMC6791019 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0981-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling by tyrosine kinase inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies plays a key role in NSCLC treatment. Unfortunately, these treatment strategies are limited by eventual resistance and cell lines with differential EGFR status. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies for NSCLC are urgently required. Methods To improve the stability and absorption of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), we synthesized a series of EGCG derivatives. The antitumor activities of EGCG derivatives with or without cisplatin were investigated in vitro and vivo. Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were measured in NSCLC cell lines and in vivo in a NCI-H441 xenograft model. Results We found that the EGCG derivatives inhibited cell viability and colony formation, caused cell cycle redistribution, and induced apoptosis. More importantly, the combination of the EGCG derivative and cisplatin led to increased growth inhibition, caused cell cycle redistribution, and enhanced the apoptosis rate compared to either compound alone. Consistent with the experiments in vitro, EGCG derivatives plus cisplatin significantly reduced tumor growth. Conclusions The combination treatment was found to inhibit the EGFR signaling pathway and decrease the expression of p-EGFR, p-AKT, and p-ERK in vitro and vivo. Our results suggest that compound 3 is a novel potential compound for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- 1Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China.,2College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China.,3College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Peiyuan Sun
- 1Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China.,3College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Qi Wang
- 1Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Pan Zhang
- 1Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Yuna Wang
- 1Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China.,3College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Chengting Zi
- 1Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China.,2College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China
| | - Xuanjun Wang
- 1Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China.,2College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Jun Sheng
- 1Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan China.,2College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan China
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27
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Lavacchi D, Mazzoni F, Giaccone G. Clinical evaluation of dacomitinib for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): current perspectives. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:3187-3198. [PMID: 31564835 PMCID: PMC6735534 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s194231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Systemic treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has undergone remarkable changes in the last decade, with the introduction of targeted therapies and immunotherapy. The identification of activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene (deletions in exon 19 [Del19] and point mutation L858R in exon 21) has been the first important step toward molecularly guided precision therapy in lung cancer. Several randomized trials comparing EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib) to standard chemotherapy in first-line treatment of advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC showed significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) and in response rate, with lower rates of adverse events (AEs) and better symptom control. However, none of these trials showed significant improvement in overall survival (OS). Despite impressive responses with EGFR-TKI, disease invariably progresses after 9 to 13 months, due to acquired resistance. Dacomitinib is a potent, irreversible, highly selective, second-generation EGFR-TKI, which inhibits the signaling from both heterodimers and homodimers of all the members of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family. Here, we review the clinical development of dacomitinib from phase I to phase III, with particular attention to its toxicity and on its activity on T790M mutation. Then, we critically examine the results of ARCHER 1050, a study that was crucial for Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. ARCHER 1050 was the first randomized phase III study comparing dacomitinib with gefitinib, in first-line treatment of patients with advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Dacomitinib was superior to gefitinib in terms of primary end-point (14.7 vs 9.2 months) and OS (34.1 vs 26.8 months). The incidence of diarrhea, skin rash, mucositis and, consequently, dose reductions was higher with dacomitinib, while hepatic toxicity was higher with gefitinib. Dacomitinib constitutes one of the standard first-line options in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/nEFa8z6JeRU
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Lavacchi
- Department of Oncology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Mazzoni
- Department of Oncology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giaccone
- Department of Oncology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
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28
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Amri J, Molaee N, Baazm M, Karami H. Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor by MiRNA-145 Inhibits Cell Growth and Sensitizes NSCLC Cells to Erlotinib. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:2781-2787. [PMID: 31554377 PMCID: PMC6976848 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.9.2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite effective activity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as erlotinib, all non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients eventually acquire resistance to these agents. Studies have demonstrated that down-regulation of miRNA-145 leads to enhancement of EGFR expression, cell proliferation and metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of miRNA-145 on sensitivity of the A549 NSCLC cells to erlotinib. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was used to examine the effect of miRNA-145 on EGFR expression. The effect of miRNA-145 on cell growth and sensitivity the lung cancer cells to erlotinib was examined by trypan blue and MTT assays, respectively. The combination index was calculated using the non-constant method of Chou-Talalay. Apoptosis was determined by ELISA cell death assay. Results: We found that miRNA-145 was markedly suppressed the expression of EGFR and inhibited the cancer cell growth, relative to blank control and negative control miRNA (p<0.05). Pretreatment with miRNA-145 synergistically enhanced the sensitivity of the lung cancer cells to erlotinib. Results of apoptosis assay revealed that miRNA-145 can induce apoptosis and increase the erlotinib-mediated apoptosis. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that miRNA-145 play a critical role in the lung cancer cell growth, survival and EGFR-TKIs resistance possibly by regulation of EGFR. Therefore, miRNA-145 replacement therapy can become a new therapeutic strategy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Amri
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Neda Molaee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Maryam Baazm
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Hadi Karami
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
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29
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Hsu PC, Jablons DM, Yang CT, You L. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Pathway, Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and the Regulation of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153821. [PMID: 31387256 PMCID: PMC6695603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway is a well-studied oncogenic pathway in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A subset of advanced NSCLC patients (15–55%) have EGFR-driven mutations and benefit from treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the PD-1/PDL-1 axis are a new anti-cancer therapy for metastatic NSCLC. The anti-PD-1/PDL-1 ICIs showed promising efficacy (~30% response rate) and improved the survival of patients with metastatic NSCLC, but the role of anti-PD-1/PDL-1 ICIs for EGFR mutant NSCLC is not clear. YAP (yes-associated protein) is the main mediator of the Hippo pathway and has been identified as promoting cancer progression, drug resistance, and metastasis in NSCLC. Here, we review recent studies that examined the correlation between the EGFR, YAP pathways, and PD-L1 and demonstrate the mechanism by which EGFR and YAP regulate PD-L1 expression in human NSCLC. About 50% of EGFR mutant NSCLC patients acquire resistance to EGFR-TKIs without known targetable secondary mutations. Targeting YAP therapy is suggested as a potential treatment for NSCLC with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Future work should focus on the efficacy of YAP inhibitors in combination with immune checkpoint PD-L1/PD-1 blockade in EGFR mutant NSCLC without targetable resistant mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chih Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - David M Jablons
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Liang You
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
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30
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Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR): A rising star in the era of precision medicine of lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:50209-50220. [PMID: 28430586 PMCID: PMC5564844 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. In tumors, the important role of noncoding RNA regulatory networks has been more and more reveal. EGFR has been identified as an oncogenic driver of NSCLC, especially activating mutations EGFR and its inhibition with specific TKIs can generate dramatic tumor responses. Studies have shown that EGFR plays significant roles in the progression of NSCLC. Subset analysis of the small proportion of patients with EGFR-mutant lung cancer showed a disease-free survival benefit, but was underpowered to detect a survival advantage. Herein, we highlight the progression of EGFR, noncoding RNA, and their roles in carcinogenesis. We also focus on anti-lung cancer drug development and EGFR-related drug resistance.
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31
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Yang Y, Zhou W, Wu J, Yao L, Xue L, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Wang X, Dong S, Zhao J, Yin D. Antitumor activity of nimotuzumab in combination with cisplatin in lung cancer cell line A549 in vitro. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5280-5284. [PMID: 29552167 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nimotuzumab, a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), increases radiosensitivity in lung cancer. Cisplatin is an effective antitumor agent in lung cancer. In the present study, the antitumor activity of nimotuzumab combined with cisplatin was investigated in A549 lung cancer cells. Viability, cell cycle distribution and cyclin D1 expression were assessed following treatment with nimotuzumab alone, cisplatin alone, nimotuzumab in combination with cisplatin, and nimotuzumab followed sequentially by cisplatin. The inhibitory effect on cell viability of nimotuzumab sequentially followed by cisplatin was higher compared with cisplatin alone (82.17±1.62 vs. 56.97±1.42%). Compared with treatment by cisplatin alone, cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry demonstrated that the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase was increased when A549 cells were treated with nimotuzumab followed sequentially by cisplatin (P<0.01). However, the proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase was decreased when A549 cells were treated with nimotuzumab and cisplatin simultaneously compared with cisplatin alone (P<0.05). Cyclin D1 expression was decreased in all chemotherapy treatment groups; the most significant decrease was in A549 cells treated with nimotuzumab followed sequentially by cisplatin. Nimotuzumab may enhance the antitumor activity of cisplatin on A549 cells. The cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 observed may have been due to decreased cyclin D1 levels. Potential antagonism was identified when A549 cells were treated with nimotuzumab and cisplatin simultaneously, indicating that targeted therapy may be more effective when administered prior to conventional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Yang
- Department of Oncology, Qinhuangdao No. 1 People's Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Qinhuangdao No. 1 People's Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Jiandong Wu
- Department of Oncology, Qinhuangdao No. 1 People's Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Yao
- Department of Oncology, Qinhuangdao No. 1 People's Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Oncology, Qinhuangdao No. 1 People's Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Qianyi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Department of Oncology, Qinhuangdao No. 1 People's Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China.,Postgraduate College of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Postgraduate College of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Shu Dong
- Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Department of Medicine, Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Jiangman Zhao
- Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Department of Medicine, Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Duanduan Yin
- Department of Oncology, Qinhuangdao No. 1 People's Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
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32
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Ding S, Bierbach U. Linker design for the modular assembly of multifunctional and targeted platinum(ii)-containing anticancer agents. Dalton Trans 2018; 45:13104-13. [PMID: 27251881 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01399f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A versatile and efficient modular synthetic platform was developed for assembling multifunctional conjugates and targeted forms of platinum-(benz)acridines, a class of highly cytotoxic DNA-targeted hybrid agents. The synthetic strategy involved amide coupling between succinyl ester-modified platinum compounds (P1, P2) and a set of 11 biologically relevant primary and secondary amines (N1-N11). To demonstrate the feasibility and versatility of the approach, a structurally and functionally diverse range of amines was introduced. These include biologically active molecules, such as rucaparib (a PARP inhibitor), E/Z-endoxifen (an estrogen receptor antagonist), and a quinazoline-based tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Micro-scale reactions in Eppendorf tubes or on 96-well plates were used to screen for optimal coupling conditions in DMF solution with carbodiimide-, uronium-, and phosphonium-based compounds, as well as other common coupling reagents. Reactions with the phosphonium-based coupling reagent PyBOP produced the highest yields and gave the cleanest conversions. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the chemistry can also be performed in aqueous media and is amenable to parallel synthesis based on multiple consecutive reactions in DMF in a "one-tube" format. In-line LC-MS was used to assess the stability of the conjugates in physiologically relevant buffers. Hydrolysis of the conjugates occurs at the ester moiety and is facilitated by the aquated metal moiety under low-chloride ion conditions. The rate of ester cleavage greatly depends on the nature of the amine component. Potential applications of the linker technology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA.
| | - U Bierbach
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA. and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
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33
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Hsu PC, You B, Yang YL, Zhang WQ, Wang YC, Xu Z, Dai Y, Liu S, Yang CT, Li H, Hu B, Jablons DM, You L. YAP promotes erlotinib resistance in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:51922-51933. [PMID: 27409162 PMCID: PMC5239524 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a main mediator of the Hippo pathway, which promotes cancer development. Here we show that YAP promotes resistance to erlotinib in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We found that forced YAP overexpression through YAP plasmid transfection promotes erlotinib resistance in HCC827 (exon 19 deletion) cells. In YAP plasmid-transfected HCC827 cells, GTIIC reporter activity and Hippo downstream gene expression of AREG and CTGF increased significantly (P<0.05), as did ERBB3 mRNA expression (P<0.05). GTIIC reporter activity, ERBB3 protein and mRNA expression all increased in HCC827 erlotinib-resistance (ER) cells compared to parental HCC827 cells. Inhibition of YAP by small interfering RNA (siRNA) increased the cytotoxicity of erlotinib to H1975 (L858R+T790M) cells. In YAP siRNA-transfected H1975 cells, GTIIC reporter activity and downstream gene expression of AREG and CTGF decreased significantly (P<0.05). Verteporfin, YAP inhibitor had an effect similar to that of YAP siRNA; it increased sensitivity of H1975 cells to erlotinib and in combination with erlotinib, synergistically reduced migration, invasion and tumor sphere formation abilities in H1975 cells. Our results indicate that YAP promotes erlotinib resistance in the erlotinib-sensitive NSCLC cell line HCC827. Inhibition of YAP by siRNA increases sensitivity of erlotinib-resistant NSCLC cell line H1975 to erlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chih Hsu
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bin You
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated with Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin Yang
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Qian Zhang
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated with Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cheng Wang
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhidong Xu
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yuyuan Dai
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shu Liu
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated with Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated with Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - David M Jablons
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liang You
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Priya SR, Dravid CS, Digumarti R, Dandekar M. Targeted Therapy for Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Review. Front Oncol 2017; 7:238. [PMID: 29057215 PMCID: PMC5635342 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Medullary thyroid cancers (MTCs) constitute between 2 and 5% of all thyroid cancers. The 10-year overall survival (OS) rate of patients with localized disease is around 95% while that of patients with regional stage disease is about 75%. Only 20% of patients with distant metastases at diagnosis survive 10 years which is significantly lower than for differentiated thyroid cancers. Cases with regional metastases at presentation have high recurrence rates. Adjuvant external radiation confers local control but not improved OS. The management of residual, recurrent, or metastatic disease till a few years ago was re-surgery with local measures such as radiation. Chemotherapy was used with marginal benefit. The development of targeted therapy has brought in a major advantage in management of such patients. Two drugs—vandetanib and cabozantinib—have been approved for use in progressive or metastatic MTC. In addition, several drugs acting on other steps of the molecular pathway are being investigated with promising results. Targeted radionuclide therapy also provides an effective treatment option with good quality of life. This review covers the rationale of targeted therapy for MTC, present treatment options, drugs and methods under investigation, as well as an outline of the adverse effects and their management.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Priya
- Head Neck Surgery, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam, India.,Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Chandra Shekhar Dravid
- Head Neck Surgery, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam, India.,Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Raghunadharao Digumarti
- Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India.,Medical Oncology, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam, India
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Ardito F, Giuliani M, Perrone D, Troiano G, Lo Muzio L. The crucial role of protein phosphorylation in cell signaling and its use as targeted therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:271-280. [PMID: 28656226 PMCID: PMC5500920 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 670] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is an important cellular regulatory mechanism as many enzymes and receptors are activated/deactivated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events, by means of kinases and phosphatases. In particular, the protein kinases are responsible for cellular transduction signaling and their hyperactivity, malfunction or overexpression can be found in several diseases, mostly tumors. Therefore, it is evident that the use of kinase inhibitors can be valuable for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we discuss the mechanism of action of phosphorylation, with particular attention to the importance of phosphorylation under physiological and pathological conditions. We also discuss the possibility of using kinase inhibitors in the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ardito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, I-71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, I-71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Donatella Perrone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, I-71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, I-71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, I-71122 Foggia, Italy
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Wang M, Sun Z, Huang L. [Advanced Research on MicroRNAs and EGFR-TKIs Secondary Resistance]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2016; 18:758-63. [PMID: 26706953 PMCID: PMC6015185 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2015.12.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
肺癌是癌症致死率最高的疾病,关于这个疾病的发生机制已得到部分阐明,其中表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)信号通路研究最为深入,在肺癌的发生中起着至关重要的作用。而有效地抑制EGFR信号通路的药物已用于非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)的靶向治疗中,伴有EGFR基因突变的患者使用EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, EGFR-TKIs)治疗后获得不错的临床收益,但大部分患者在使用该药治疗10个月后出现耐药现象。MiRNAs(microRNAs)是一种非编码蛋白的RNA,参与转录后水平基因的表达调控。越来越多的研究发现miRNAs与EGFR-TKIs继发性耐药有关,miRNAs可作为逆转EGFR-TKIs耐药及评估EGFR-TKIs有效性的生物指标。本文就NSCLC中miRNAs与EGFR-TKIs继发性耐药机制之间的相关性研究进展做简要的综述。
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China;Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Zhenyu Sun
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Linian Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
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Emmons MF, Faião-Flores F, Smalley KSM. The role of phenotypic plasticity in the escape of cancer cells from targeted therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 122:1-9. [PMID: 27349985 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapy has proven to be beneficial at producing significant responses in patients with a wide variety of cancers. Despite initially impressive responses, most individuals ultimately fail these therapies and show signs of drug resistance. Very few patients are ever cured. Emerging evidence suggests that treatment of cancer cells with kinase inhibitors leads a minor population of cells to undergo a phenotypic switch to a more embryonic-like state. The adoption of this state, which is analogous to an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, is associated with drug resistance and increased tumor aggressiveness. In this commentary we will provide a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms that underlie the embryonic reversion that occurs on targeted cancer therapy and will review potential novel therapeutic strategies designed to eradicate the escaping cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Emmons
- The Department of Tumor Biology, The Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Fernanda Faião-Flores
- The Department of Tumor Biology, The Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA; The Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Keiran S M Smalley
- The Department of Tumor Biology, The Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA; The Department of Cutaneous Oncology, The Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Stoll SW, Stuart PE, Swindell WR, Tsoi LC, Li B, Gandarillas A, Lambert S, Johnston A, Nair RP, Elder JT. The EGF receptor ligand amphiregulin controls cell division via FoxM1. Oncogene 2016; 35:2075-86. [PMID: 26234682 PMCID: PMC4788585 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is central to epithelial cell physiology, and deregulated EGFR signaling has an important role in a variety of human carcinomas. Here we show that silencing of the EGF-related factor amphiregulin (AREG) markedly inhibits the expansion of human keratinocytes through mitotic failure and accumulation of cells with ⩾ 4n DNA content. RNA-sequencing-based transcriptome analysis revealed that tetracycline-mediated AREG silencing significantly altered the expression of 2331 genes, 623 of which were not normalized by treatment with EGF. Interestingly, genes irreversibly upregulated by suppression of AREG overlapped with genes involved in keratinocyte differentiation. Moreover, a significant proportion of the irreversibly downregulated genes featured upstream binding sites recognized by forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1), a key transcription factor in the control of mitosis that is widely dysregulated in cancer. The downregulation of FoxM1 and its target genes preceded mitotic arrest. Constitutive expression of FoxM1 in AREG knockdown cells normalized cell proliferation, reduced the number of cells with ⩾ 4n DNA content and rescued expression of FoxM1 target genes. These results demonstrate that AREG controls G2/M progression and cytokinesis in keratinocytes via activation of a FoxM1-dependent transcriptional program, suggesting new avenues for treatment of epithelial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan W. Stoll
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Philip E. Stuart
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Lam C. Tsoi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Bingshan Li
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Alberto Gandarillas
- Cell Cycle, Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, Instituto de Investigación Marques de Valdecilla-IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Sylviane Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Andrew Johnston
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Rajan P. Nair
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - James T. Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI
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Murray BW, Miller N. Durability of Kinase-Directed Therapies--A Network Perspective on Response and Resistance. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:1975-84. [PMID: 26264276 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase-directed cancer therapies yield impressive initial clinical responses, but the benefits are typically transient. Enhancing the durability of clinical response is dependent upon patient selection, using drugs with more effective pharmacology, anticipating mechanisms of drug resistance, and applying concerted drug combinations. Achieving these tenets requires an understanding of the targeted kinase's role in signaling networks, how the network responds to drug perturbation, and patient-to-patient network variations. Protein kinases create sophisticated, malleable signaling networks with fidelity coded into the processes that regulate their presence and function. Robust and reliable signaling is facilitated through network processes (e.g., feedback regulation, and compensatory signaling). The routine use of kinase-directed therapies and advancements in both genomic analysis and tumor cell biology are illuminating the complexity of tumor network biology and its capacity to respond to perturbations. Drug efficacy is attenuated by alterations of the drug target (e.g., steric interference, compensatory activity, and conformational changes), compensatory signaling (bypass mechanisms and phenotype switching), and engagement of other oncogenic capabilities (polygenic disease). Factors influencing anticancer drug response and resistance are examined to define the behavior of kinases in network signaling, mechanisms of drug resistance, drug combinations necessary for durable clinical responses, and strategies to identify mechanisms of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brion W Murray
- Oncology Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, San Diego, California.
| | - Nichol Miller
- Oncology Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, San Diego, California
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Emerging Roles of MicroRNAs in EGFR-Targeted Therapies for Lung Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:672759. [PMID: 26273639 PMCID: PMC4529918 DOI: 10.1155/2015/672759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Several molecular pathways underlying mechanisms of this disease have been partly elucidated, among which the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway is one of the well-known signaling cascades that plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. Dysregulation of the EGFR signaling is frequently found in lung cancer. The strategies to effectively inhibit EGFR signaling pathway have been mounted for developing anticancer therapeutic agents. However, most anti-EGFR-targeted agents fail to repress cancer progression because of developing drug-resistance. Therefore, studies of the mechanisms underpinning the resistance toward anti-EGFR agents may provide important findings for lung cancer treatment using anti-EGFR therapies. Recently, increasing numbers of miRNAs are correlated with the drug resistance of lung cancer cells to anti-EGFR agents, indicating that miRNAs may serve as novel targets and/or promising predictive biomarkers for anti-EGFR therapy. In this paper, we summarize the emerging role of miRNAs as regulators to modulate the EGFR signaling and the resistance of lung cancer cells to anti-EGFR therapy. We also highlight the evidence supporting the use of miRNAs as biomarkers for response to anti-EGFR agents and as novel therapeutic targets to circumvent the resistance of lung cancer cells to EGFR inhibitors.
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Yang M, Pickard AJ, Qiao X, Gueble MJ, Day CS, Kucera GL, Bierbach U. Synthesis, reactivity, and biological activity of gold(I) complexes modified with thiourea-functionalized tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:3316-24. [PMID: 25793564 DOI: 10.1021/ic502998a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thiourea-modified 3-chloro-4-fluoroanilino-quinazoline derivatives have been studied as potential receptor-targeted carrier ligands in linear gold(I) complexes. The molecules mimic the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase-targeted inhibitor gefitinib. Thiourea groups were either directly attached to quinazoline-C6 (compounds 4, 5, and 7) or linked to this position via a flexible ethylamino chain (compound 9). Compound 7 acts as a thiourea-S/quinazoline-N1 mixed-donor ligand, giving the unexpected dinuclear complex [{Au(μ-7-S,N)}2]X2 (X = Cl(-), SCN(-)) (12a,b) (X-ray crystallography, electrospray mass spectrometry). Derivative 9 forms a stable linear complex, [Au(PEt3)(9-S)](NO3) (13). The biological activity of the carrier ligands and corresponding gold(I) complexes was studied in NCI-H460 and NCI-H1975 lung cancer cells. Compound 9 partially overcomes resistance to gefitinib in NCI-H1975, a lung cancer cell line characterized by a L858R/T790M mutation in EGFR (IC50 values of 1.7 and 30 μM, respectively). The corresponding gold complex (13) maintains activity in the low-micromolar concentration range similar to the metal-free carrier. Compound 9 and the corresponding [Au(PEt3)] complex, 13, inhibit EGFR kinase-mediated phosphorylation with sub-micromolar IC50 values similar to those observed for gefitinib under the same assay conditions. Potential mechanisms of action and reactions in biological media of this new type of hybrid agent, as well as shortcomings of the current design are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Yang
- †Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Amanda J Pickard
- †Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Xin Qiao
- ‡School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Matthew J Gueble
- †Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Cynthia S Day
- †Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Gregory L Kucera
- §Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Section, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Ulrich Bierbach
- †Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
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Cheng E, Whitsett TG, Tran NL, Winkles JA. The TWEAK Receptor Fn14 Is an Src-Inducible Protein and a Positive Regulator of Src-Driven Cell Invasion. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:575-83. [PMID: 25392346 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The TNF receptor superfamily member Fn14 (TNFRSF12A) is the sole signaling receptor for the proinflammatory cytokine TWEAK (TNFSF12). TWEAK Fn14 engagement stimulates multiple signal transduction pathways, including the NF-κB pathway, and this triggers important cellular processes (e.g., growth, differentiation, migration, and invasion). The TWEAK-Fn14 axis is thought to be a major physiologic mediator of tissue repair after acute injury. Various studies have revealed that Fn14 is highly expressed in many solid tumor types, and that Fn14 signaling may play a role in tumor growth and metastasis. Previously, it was shown that Fn14 levels are frequently elevated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors and cell lines that exhibit constitutive EGFR phosphorylation (activation). Furthermore, elevated Fn14 levels increased NSCLC cell invasion in vitro and lung metastatic tumor colonization in vivo. The present study reveals that EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells that express high levels of Fn14 exhibit constitutive activation of the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase Src, and that treatment with the Src family kinase (SFK) inhibitor dasatinib decreases Fn14 gene expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Importantly, siRNA-mediated depletion of the SFK member Src in NSCLC cells also decreases Fn14 expression. Finally, expression of the constitutively active v-Src oncoprotein in NIH 3T3 cells induces Fn14 gene expression, and NIH 3T3/v-Src cells require Fn14 expression for full invasive capacity. IMPLICATIONS These results indicate that oncogenic Src may contribute to Fn14 overexpression in solid tumors, and that Src-mediated cell invasion could potentially be inhibited with Fn14-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Timothy G Whitsett
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Nhan L Tran
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Jeffrey A Winkles
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Rebecca VW, Smalley KSM. Change or die: targeting adaptive signaling to kinase inhibition in cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 91:417-25. [PMID: 25107706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule kinase inhibitors have proven enormously successful at delivering impressive responses in patients with cancers as diverse as chronic myeloid-leukemia, melanoma, breast cancer and small cell lung cancer. Despite this, resistance is commonplace and most patients ultimately fail therapy. One emerging observation is the rapid rewiring of signaling that occurs across multiple cancer types when driver oncogene function is inhibited. These adaptive signaling changes seem critical in delivering some of the earliest survival signals that allow small numbers of cells to evade therapy. In this commentary we review the mechanisms that contribute to the robustness of signaling networks within cancer cells and suggest new therapeutic strategies to limit treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito W Rebecca
- The Department of Molecular Oncology, The Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Keiran S M Smalley
- The Department of Molecular Oncology, The Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Cutaneous Oncology, The Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States.
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Formisano L, Nappi L, Rosa R, Marciano R, D'Amato C, D'Amato V, Damiano V, Raimondo L, Iommelli F, Scorziello A, Troncone G, Veneziani B, Parsons SJ, De Placido S, Bianco R. Epidermal growth factor-receptor activation modulates Src-dependent resistance to lapatinib in breast cancer models. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:R45. [PMID: 24887236 PMCID: PMC4076622 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Src tyrosine kinase overactivation has been correlated with a poor response to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) inhibitors in breast cancer. To identify the mechanism by which Src overexpression sustains this resistance, we tested a panel of breast cancer cell lines either sensitive or resistant to lapatinib. Methods To determine the role of Src in lapatinib resistance, we evaluated the effects of Src inhibition/silencing in vitro on survival, migration, and invasion of lapatinib-resistant cells. In vivo experiments were performed in JIMT-1 lapatinib-resistant cells orthotopically implanted in nude mice. We used artificial metastasis assays to evaluate the effect of Src inhibition on the invasiveness of lapatinib-resistant cells. Src-dependent signal transduction was investigated with Western blot and ELISA analyses. Results Src activation was higher in lapatinib-resistant than in lapatinib-sensitive cells. The selective small-molecule Src inhibitor saracatinib combined with lapatinib synergistically inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lapatinib-resistant cells. Saracatinib combined with lapatinib significantly prolonged survival of JIMT-1-xenografted mice compared with saracatinib alone, and impaired the formation of lung metastases. Unexpectedly, in lapatinib-resistant cells, Src preferentially interacted with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) rather than with HER2. Moreover, EGFR targeting and lapatinib synergistically inhibited survival, migration, and invasion of resistant cells, thereby counteracting Src-mediated resistance. These findings demonstrate that Src activation in lapatinib-resistant cells depends on EGFR-dependent rather than on HER2-dependent signaling. Conclusions Complete pharmacologic EGFR/HER2 inhibition is required to reverse Src-dependent resistance to lapatinib in breast cancer.
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Li J, Bennett K, Stukalov A, Fang B, Zhang G, Yoshida T, Okamoto I, Kim JY, Song L, Bai Y, Qian X, Rawal B, Schell M, Grebien F, Winter G, Rix U, Eschrich S, Colinge J, Koomen J, Superti-Furga G, Haura EB. Perturbation of the mutated EGFR interactome identifies vulnerabilities and resistance mechanisms. Mol Syst Biol 2013; 9:705. [PMID: 24189400 PMCID: PMC4039310 DOI: 10.1038/msb.2013.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that elucidating the interactome of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) forms that are mutated in lung cancer, via global analysis of protein-protein interactions, phosphorylation, and systematically perturbing the ensuing network nodes, should offer a new, more systems-level perspective of the molecular etiology. Here, we describe an EGFR interactome of 263 proteins and offer a 14-protein core network critical to the viability of multiple EGFR-mutated lung cancer cells. Cells with acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) had differential dependence of the core network proteins based on the underlying molecular mechanisms of resistance. Of the 14 proteins, 9 are shown to be specifically associated with survival of EGFR-mutated lung cancer cell lines. This included EGFR, GRB2, MK12, SHC1, ARAF, CD11B, ARHG5, GLU2B, and CD11A. With the use of a drug network associated with the core network proteins, we identified two compounds, midostaurin and lestaurtinib, that could overcome drug resistance through direct EGFR inhibition when combined with erlotinib. Our results, enabled by interactome mapping, suggest new targets and combination therapies that could circumvent EGFR TKI resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannong Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Keiryn Bennett
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexey Stukalov
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bin Fang
- Proteomics and Molecular Oncology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Takeshi Yoshida
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Isamu Okamoto
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lanxi Song
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yun Bai
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiaoning Qian
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bhupendra Rawal
- Biostatistics Departments, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Michael Schell
- Biostatistics Departments, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Florian Grebien
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Winter
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Uwe Rix
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Steven Eschrich
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jacques Colinge
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - John Koomen
- Proteomics and Molecular Oncology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eric B Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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46
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Li R, Hu Z, Sun SY, Chen ZG, Owonikoko TK, Sica GL, Ramalingam SS, Curran WJ, Khuri FR, Deng X. Niclosamide overcomes acquired resistance to erlotinib through suppression of STAT3 in non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:2200-12. [PMID: 23894143 PMCID: PMC3795834 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of resistance to EGF receptor (EGFR) inhibitor therapy is a major clinical problem for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The mechanisms underlying tumor resistance to inhibitors of the kinase activity of EGFR are not fully understood. Here, we found that inhibition of EGFR by erlotinib induces STAT3 phosphorylation at Tyr705 in association with increased Bcl2/Bcl-XL at both mRNA and protein levels in various human lung cancer cells. PTPMeg2 is a physiologic STAT3 phosphatase that can directly dephosphorylate STAT3 at the Tyr705 site. Intriguingly, treatment of cells with erlotinib results in downregulation of PTPMeg2 without activation of STAT3 kinases [i.e., Janus-activated kinase (JAK2) or c-Src], suggesting that erlotinib-enhanced phosphorylation of STAT3 may occur, at least in part, from suppression of PTPMeg2 expression. Because elevated levels of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3), Bcl2, and Bcl-XL were observed in erlotinib-resistant lung cancer (HCC827/ER) cells as compared with erlotinib-sensitive parental HCC827 cells, we postulate that the erlotinib-activated STAT3/Bcl2/Bcl-XL survival pathway may contribute to acquired resistance to erlotinib. Both blockage of Tyr705 phosphorylation of STAT3 by niclosamide and depletion of STAT3 by RNA interference in HCC827/ER cells reverse erlotinib resistance. Niclosamide in combination with erlotinib potently represses erlotinib-resistant lung cancer xenografts in association with increased apoptosis in tumor tissues, suggesting that niclosamide can restore sensitivity to erlotinib. These findings uncover a novel mechanism of erlotinib resistance and provide a novel approach to overcome resistance by blocking the STAT3/Bcl2/Bcl-XL survival signaling pathway in human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Corresponding Author: Xingming Deng, Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322.
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Abstract
The ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases has a central role in the tumorigenesis of many types of solid tumour. Various therapeutics targeting these receptors have been approved for the treatment of several cancers. Considerable preclinical data have shown that the administration of two inhibitors against an individual ERBB family member--particularly epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or ERBB2--leads to markedly higher antitumour activity than the administration of single agents. This Opinion article describes the preclinical and clinical performance of these dual-targeting approaches, discusses the key mechanisms that mediate their increased efficacy and highlights areas for ongoing investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall Tebbutt
- Ludwig Oncology Unit, Austin Health, Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
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48
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Zhang W, McQuitty EB, Olsen R, Fan H, Hendrickson H, Tio FO, Newton K, Cagle PT, Jagirdar J. EGFR mutations in US Hispanic versus non-Hispanic white patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2013; 138:543-5. [PMID: 23937608 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2013-0311-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. First-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors improve progression-free survival in lung cancers with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. EGFR mutations occur predominantly in exons 19 and 21 in lung adenocarcinomas of Asians (∼30%), whites (∼15%), and African Americans (∼19%). However, minimal information exists on the prevalence or type of genetic changes that occur in lung cancers in US Hispanic patients. We investigated the EGFR mutation frequency in primary lung adenocarcinomas in US Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites. OBJECTIVE To evaluate EGFR mutations in lung adenocarcinomas from US Hispanic patients compared with those from non-Hispanic white patients. DESIGN DNA samples were extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue of consecutive lung adenocarcinomas from 83 patients. Samples were collected from 40 Hispanics and 43 non-Hispanic whites. Mutations in EGFR were analyzed using a custom assay. Results.-Fourteen of 83 patients (16.9%) had EGFR mutations in their tumor DNA, including 6 of 40 Hispanics (15.0%) and 8 of 43 non-Hispanic whites (18.6%). No association with age, sex, or tumor stage was identified. Smoking history could not be obtained for most of the 83 patients, although 8 of the 11 patients with EGFR mutations for whom smoking history was obtained were nonsmokers. Most of the tumors with EGFR mutations (12 of 14; 85.7%) were acinar with lepidic or papillary subtypes. EGFR mutations occurred in exon 19 (42.8%), exon 18 (28.6%), exon 20 (28.6%), and exon 21 (14.3%). Two cases had 2 mutations identified in different exons. CONCLUSION The frequency of EGFR mutations is similar in US Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- From the Department of Pathology (Dr Zhang), Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Dr Fan), and Department of Pathology (Dr Jagirdar), The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, and Laboratory Service, Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Dr Tio), San Antonio; and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine (Dr McQuitty), and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital (Drs Olsen and Cagle, Ms Hendrickson, and Mr Newton), Houston, Texas
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49
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Fibroblast-mediated drug resistance in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:1033-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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50
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Chi A, Remick S, Tse W. EGFR inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer: current evidence and future directions. Biomark Res 2013; 1:2. [PMID: 24252457 PMCID: PMC3776244 DOI: 10.1186/2050-7771-1-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
EGFR inhibition has emerged to be an important strategy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and mono-clonal antibodies (mAbs) to the EGFR have been tested in multiple large randomized phase III studies alone or combined with chemotherapy, as well as small phase I-II studies which investigated their efficacy as radiosensitizers when combined with radiotherapy. In this review, we described the current clinical outcome after treatment with EGFR TKIs and mAbs alone or combined with chemotherapy in advanced stage NSCLC, as well as the early findings in feasibility/phase I or II studies regarding to whether EGFR TKI or mAb can be safely and effectively combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC. Furthermore, we explore the potential predictive biomarkers for response to EGFR TKIs or mAbs in NSCLC patients based on the findings in the current clinical trials; the mechanisms of resistance to EGFR inhibition; and the strategies of augmenting the antitumor activity of the EGFR inhibitors alone or when combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Chi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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