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Yang J, Cong N, Shi D, Chen S, Zhang Z, Zhao P. Siwu decoction exerts a phytoestrogenic osteoprotective effect on postmenopausal osteoporosis via the estrogen receptor/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine/threonine protein kinase pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118366. [PMID: 38763371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Siwu decoction (SWD) is widely used in gynecological diseases, such as peripheral menopause syndrome, premature ovarian failure, and menstrual disorder. However, the mechanism of SWD on postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To discover the phytoestrogenic osteoprotective effect of SWD on PMOP. MATERIALS AND METHODS The potential mechanism of SWD on PMOP was filtered through network pharmacology research. The potential mechanism was verified in MC3T3-E1 cell lines in vitro. CCK8 assay was conducted to assess cell proliferation and the expressions of ER/PI3K/AKT pathway were analyzed using Western blot. Female F-344 rats were chosen to set up the PMOP model. The osteoprotective effect of SWD in vivo was evaluated using Hematoxylin-eosin staining, TRAP staining, Goldner staining and DXA. The potential mechanism was verified in vivo through Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RT-qPCR was conducted to unveil the expressions of osteogenesis genes. RESULTS Network pharmacology research showed that ER/PI3K/AKT pathway may be the potential mechanism of SWD on PMOP. SWD promoted the proliferation of osteoblasts and regulated the protein expressions of ER/PI3K/AKT pathway in vitro. SWD improved the morphological structure, bone mineralization and bone mineral density of femurs and suppressed osteoclastogenesis in PMOP rat model via ER/PI3K/AKT pathway in vivo. In addition, SWD regulated the mRNA expressions of osteogenesis-related genes. CONCLUSIONS SWD exerts a phytoestrogenic osteoprotective on PMOP by regulating ER/PI3K/AKT pathway, which marks it as a valuable medicine or supplement of PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Nan Cong
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, No.2, Section 5, Renmin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, China.
| | - Danning Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Si Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Zeye Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Piwen Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Chen L, Xu T, Lou J, Zhang T, Wu S, Xie R, Xu J. The beneficial roles and mechanisms of estrogens in immune health and infection disease. Steroids 2024; 207:109426. [PMID: 38685461 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Multiple epidemiologic studies have revealed that gender is considered one of the important factors in the frequency and severity of certain infectious diseases, in which estrogens may play a vital role. There is growing evidence that estrogens as female sex hormone can modulate multiple biological functions outside of the reproductive system, such as in brain and cardiovascular system. However, it is largely unknown about the roles and mechanisms of estrogens/estrogen receptors in immune health and infection disease. Thence, by reading a lot of literature, we summarized the regulatory mechanisms of estrogens/estrogen receptors in immune cells and their roles in certain infectious diseases with gender differences. Therefore, estrogens may have therapeutic potentials to prevent and treat these infectious diseases, which needs further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Sheng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liupanshui People's Hospital, Liupanshui City 553000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Jingyu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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Bardhi O, Dubey P, Palmer BF, Clegg DJ. Oestrogens, adipose tissues and environmental exposures influence obesity and diabetes across the lifecycle. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38305136 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous oestrogens regulate essential functions to include menstrual cycles, energy balance, adipose tissue distribution, pancreatic β-cell function, insulin sensitivity and lipid homeostasis. Oestrogens are a family of hormones which include oestradiol (E2), oestrone (E1) and oestriol (E3). Oestrogens function by binding and activating oestrogen receptors (ERs). Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds which exhibit oestrogenic-like activity and can bind to ERs. Phytoestrogens exert potential oestrogenic-like benefits; however, their effects are context-dependent and require cautious consideration regarding generalised health benefits. Xenoestrogens are synthetic compounds which have been determined to disrupt endocrine function through binding to ERs. Xenoestrogens enter the body through various routes and given their chemical structure they can accumulate, posing long-term health risks. Xenoestrogens interfere with endogenous oestrogens and their functions contributing to conditions like cancer, infertility, and metabolic disorders. Understanding the interplay between endogenous and exogenous oestrogens is critical in order to determine their potential health consequences and requires further investigation. This manuscript provides a summary of the role endogenous oestrogens have in regulating metabolic functions. Additionally, we discuss the impact phytoestrogens and synthetic xenoestrogens have on biological systems across various life stages. We highlight their mechanisms of action, potential benefits, risks and discuss the need for further research to bridge gaps in understanding and mitigate exposure-related health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olgert Bardhi
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Pallavi Dubey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Paul L Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Biff Franklin Palmer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical, Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Deborah J Clegg
- Vice President for Research, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
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Kim TH, Heo SY, Chandika P, Kim YM, Kim HW, Kang HW, Je JY, Qian ZJ, Kim N, Jung WK. A literature review of bioactive substances for the treatment of periodontitis: In vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24216. [PMID: 38293511 PMCID: PMC10826675 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the tooth that involves a complex interaction of microorganisms and various cell lines around the infected site. To prevent and treat this disease, several options are available, such as scaling, root planning, antibiotic treatment, and dental surgeries, depending on the stage of the disease. However, these treatments can have various side effects, including additional inflammatory responses, chronic wounds, and the need for secondary surgery. Consequently, numerous studies have focused on developing new therapeutic agents for more effective periodontitis treatment. This review explores the latest trends in bioactive substances with therapeutic effects for periodontitis using various search engines. Therefore, this study aimed to suggest effective directions for therapeutic approaches. Additionally, we provide a summary of the current applications and underlying mechanisms of bioactive substances, which can serve as a reference for the development of periodontitis treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hee Kim
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Yeong Heo
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Jeju, 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Pathum Chandika
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Kang
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence and New-senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Je
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Major of Human Bioconvergence, School of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Namwon Kim
- Ingram School of Engineering, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
- Materials Science, Engineering, and Commercialization (MSEC), Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence and New-senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
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Meng Q, Chao Y, Zhang S, Ding X, Feng H, Zhang C, Liu B, Zhu W, Li Y, Zhang Q, Tong H, Wu L, Bian H. Attenuation of estrogen and its receptors in the post-menopausal stage exacerbates dyslipidemia and leads to cognitive impairment. Mol Brain 2023; 16:80. [PMID: 37986006 PMCID: PMC10662842 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction increases as menopause progresses. We previously found that estrogen receptors (ERs) contribute to dyslipidemia, but the specific relationship between ERs, dyslipidemia and cognitive dysfunction remains poorly understood. In the present study, we analyzed sequencing data from female hippocampus and normal breast aspirate samples from normal and Alzheimer's disease (AD) women, and the results suggest that abnormal ERs signaling is associated with dyslipidemia and cognitive dysfunction. We replicated a mouse model of dyslipidemia and postmenopausal status in LDLR-/- mice and treated them with β-estradiol or simvastatin, and found that ovariectomy in LDLR-/- mice led to an exacerbation of dyslipidemia and increased hippocampal apoptosis and cognitive impairment, which were associated with reduced estradiol levels and ERα, ERβ and GPER expression. In vitro, a lipid overload model of SH-SY-5Y cells was established and treated with inhibitors of ERs. β-estradiol or simvastatin effectively attenuated dyslipidemia-induced neuronal apoptosis via upregulation of ERs, whereas ERα, ERβ and GPER inhibitors together abolished the protective effect of simvastatin on lipid-induced neuronal apoptosis. We conclude that decreased estrogen and its receptor function in the postmenopausal stage promote neuronal damage and cognitive impairment by exacerbating dyslipidemia, and that estrogen supplementation or lipid lowering is an effective way to ameliorate hippocampal damage and cognitive dysfunction via upregulation of ERs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Meng
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Chao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shurui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xue Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Han Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chenyan Zhang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Weijie Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huangjin Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Integrated of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Lixing Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Integrated of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Huimin Bian
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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6
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Zheng R, Du X, Lei Y. Correlations between endometriosis, lipid profile, and estrogen levels. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34348. [PMID: 37478235 PMCID: PMC10662880 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the association between serum lipids and the occurrence and development of endometriosis using a retrospective review of clinical data. A total of 177 patients who underwent laparoscopic or open surgery due to benign ovarian masses, 117 patients with endometriosis (53 stage III and 64 stage IV), and 60 patients with benign ovarian masses without endometriosis were selected from the gynecology department of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, between January 1, 2020, and October 30, 2022, to search for endometriosis occurrence by retrospectively analyzed the patients clinical data Risk factors for development and to explore the relationship between blood lipids and endometriosis. The scores of estradiol (E2), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and pain in the endo - and non-endometriosis groups were significantly different (P < .05), but there was no significant correlation between these 3. There were significant differences (P < .05) in E2, triglyceride (TG), CA125, and the size of the masses between patients with stage III and IV endometriosis. TG, E2, and CA125 were found to be valuable as separate indicators for the prediction of endometriosis, and the 3 indicators could improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of endometriosis when combined. Triglycerides may be positively correlated with the severity of endometriosis. The combination of TG, E2 and CA125 can improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of endometriosis staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Lei
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Sun Q, Zhang H, Du HB, Zhao ZA, Li CJ, Chen SJ, Li YM, Zhang SL, Liu JC, Niu CY, Zhao ZG. ESTROGEN ALLEVIATES POSTHEMORRHAGIC SHOCK MESENTERIC LYMPH-MEDIATED LUNG INJURY THROUGH AUTOPHAGY INHIBITION. Shock 2023; 59:754-762. [PMID: 36840514 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Hemorrhagic shock-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is commonly associated with the posthemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) return. Whether excessive autophagy is involved in PHSML-mediated ALI remains unclear. The relationship between estrogen treatment and PHSML or autophagy needs to verify. The current study will clarify the role of estrogen in reducing PHSML-mediated ALI through inhibition of autophagy. Methods: First, a hemorrhagic shock model in conscious rats was used to observe the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) on intestinal blood flow, pulmonary function, intestinal and pulmonary morphology, and expression of autophagy marker proteins. Meanwhile, the effect of PHSML and autophagy agonist during E2 treatment was also investigated. Secondly, rat primary pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells were used to observe the effect of PHSML, PHSML plus E2, and E2-PHSML (PHSML obtained from rats treated by E2) on the cell viability. Results: Hemorrhagic shock induced intestinal and pulmonary tissue damage and increased wet/dry ratio, reduced intestinal blood flow, along with pulmonary dysfunction characterized by increased functional residual capacity and lung resistance and decreased inspiratory capacity and peak expiratory flow. Hemorrhagic shock also enhanced the autophagy levels in intestinal and pulmonary tissue, which was characterized by increased expressions of LC3 II/I and Beclin-1 and decreased expression of p62. E2 treatment significantly attenuated these adverse changes after hemorrhagic shock, which was reversed by PHSML or rapamycin administration. Importantly, PHSML incubation decreased the viability of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, while E2 coincubation or E2-treated lymph counteracted the adverse roles of PHSML. Conclusions: The role of estrogen reducing PHSML-mediated ALI is associated with the inhibition of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Si-Jie Chen
- Institute of Microcirculation and Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- Institute of Microcirculation and Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Sen-Lu Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation and Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jun-Chao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
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Meng Q, Bi Y, Feng H, Ding X, Zhang S, Chen Q, Wang L, Zhang Q, Li Y, Tong H, Wu L, Bian H. Activation of estrogen receptor α inhibits TLR4 signaling in macrophages and alleviates the instability of atherosclerotic plaques in the postmenopausal stage. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109825. [PMID: 36764277 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute cardiovascular events increase significantly in postmenopausal women. The relationship between estrogen receptor (ER) and plaque stability in the postmenopausal stage remains to be elucidated. We aimed to explore whether ERα activation improves plaque instability in the postmenopausal stage. Here, we report that postmenopausal women showed increased macrophage activation and plaque instability with increased MCP-1, MMP9, TLR4, MYD88 and NF-κB p65 and decreased ERα and TIMP1 expression in the vascular endothelium. Moreover, ovariectomy in LDLR-/- mice resulted in a significant increase in plaque area and necrotic core area, as well as a significant decrease in collagen content and an increase in macrophage accumulation in the artery. Ovariectomy also reduced serum estrogen levels and ERα expression and upregulated TLR4 and MMP9 expression in arteries in LDLR-/- mice. Estrogen or phytoestrogen therapy upregulated the expression level of ERα in ovariectomized mice and increased plaque stability by inhibiting macrophage accumulation and TLR4 signaling. In vitro, LPS incubation of RAW264.7 cells resulted in a significant decrease in ERα and TIMP1 expression and an increase in TLR4 activation, and estrogen or phytoestrogen treatment increased ERα and TIMP1 expression and inhibited TLR4 activation and MMP9 expression in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Compared to control siRNA transfected RAW264.7 cells, TLR4 siRNA promoted TIMP1 expression in RAW264.7 cells with LPS incubation, but did not affect ERα expression in RAW264.7 cells with or without LPS treatment. The ERα inhibitor MPP abolished the regulatory effect of estrogen or phytoestrogen on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that decreased ERα expression promotes macrophage infiltration and plaque instability in the postmenopausal stage, and activation of ERα in the postmenopausal stage alleviates atherosclerotic plaque instability by inhibiting TLR4 signaling and macrophage-related inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Meng
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunhui Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Han Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xue Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shurui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huangjin Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Integrated of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Lixing Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Integrated of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Huimin Bian
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Zhang X, Liu L, Liu D, Li Y, He J, Shen L. 17β-Estradiol promotes angiogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by upregulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:3864-3873. [PMID: 35891776 PMCID: PMC9309573 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The role and mechanism of 17β -estradiol in the regulation of BMSC promoting angiogenesis were analyzed by bioinformatics techniques for the first time. Combined with FN1, MCM2, XPO1, NTRK1 and other proteins, 17β-estradiol is able to activate PI3K-Akt, MAPK and other signaling pathways to regulate BMSCs to promote or remodel angiogenesis. 17β-estradiol upregulates the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to promote the BMSC angiogenesis process of differentiation.
Objective Estrogen is an important hormone affecting angiogenesis in women and is important for female physical development. Menopausal women are prone to serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases when estrogen is significantly reduced. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) have potential roles in processes such as angiogenesis and remodeling. This study is to investigate the effect of 17β-estradiol on BMSC angiogenic differentiation and its underlying molecular mechanism, and to provide a basis for the treatment of microvascular diseases. Methods Enrichment analysis of apoptosis, migration or angiogenesis processes and molecular mechanisms of BMSC treated with 17β-estradiol was performed to screen core proteins and perform molecular docking validation. Human MSCs were cultured in vitro to examine the effect of 17β-estradiol on BMSC migration or angiogenic differentiation. Results 17β-estradiol acted on 48 targets of BMSC and was involved in regulating 52 cell migration processes or 17 angiogenesis processes through 66 KEGG pathways such as PI3K-Akt, MAPK, etc. 17β-estradiol bound tightly to 10 core proteins including APP, NTRK1, EGFR, and HSP90AA1. 17β-estradiol promoted cell scratch area closure rate and CD31 expression in BMSCs, downregulated BMSC apoptosis rate, and promoted Akt and p-Akt protein expression in BMSC. Conclusion 17β-estradiol binds to FN1, MCM2, XPO1, NTRK1 and other proteins to initiate PI3K-Akt, MAPK and other signaling pathways, so as to regulate BMSC to promote or remodel angiogenesis, verifying that 17β-estradiol up-regulates PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to promote BMSC angiogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Ligang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska, USA
| | - Danyang Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
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10
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Fu Y, Feng H, Ding X, Meng QH, Zhang SR, Li J, Chao Y, Ji TT, Bi YH, Zhang WW, Chen Q, Zhang YH, Feng YL, Bian HM. Alisol B 23-acetate adjusts bile acid metabolisim via hepatic FXR-BSEP signaling activation to alleviate atherosclerosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 101:154120. [PMID: 35523117 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal women have a high incidence of atherosclerosis. Phytosterols have been shown to have cholesterol-lowering properties. Alisa B 23-acetate (AB23A) is a biologically active plant sterol isolated from Chinese herbal medicine Alisma. However, the atherosclerosis effect of AB23A after menopause and its possible mechanism have not been reported yet. PURPOSE To explore whether AB23A can prevent atherosclerosis by regulating farnesoid X receptor and subsequently increasing fecal bile acid and cholesterol excretion to reduce plasma cholesterol levels. METHODS Aortic samples from premenopausal and postmenopausal women with ascending aortic arteriosclerosis were analyzed, and bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) female LDLR-/- mice and free fatty acid (FFA)-treated L02 cells were used to analyze the effect of AB23A supplementation therapy. RESULTS AB23A increased fecal cholesterol and bile acids (BAs) excretion dependent on activation of hepatic farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in ovariectomized mice. AB23A inhibited hepatic cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and sterol 12α-hydroxylase (CYP8B1) via inducing small heterodimer partner (SHP) expression. On the other hand, AB23A increased the level of hepatic chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and activated the hepatic BSEP signaling. The activation of hepatic FXR-BSEP signaling by AB23A in ovariectomized mice was accompanied by the reduction of liver cholesterol, hepatic lipolysis, and bile acids efflux, and reduced the damage of atherosclerosis. In vitro, AB23A fixed abnormal lipid metabolism in L02 cells and increased the expression of FXR, BSEP and SHP. Moreover, the inhibition and silencing of FXR canceled the regulation of BSEP by AB23A in L02 cells. CONCLUSION Our results shed light into the mechanisms behind the cholesterol-lowering of AB23A, and increasing FXR-BSEP signaling by AB23A may be a potential postmenopausal atherosclerosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Han Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xue Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qing-Hai Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shu-Rui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Chao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ting-Ting Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yun-Hui Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Han Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - You-Long Feng
- Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing 210019, China.
| | - Hui-Min Bian
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis of the Mechanism Underlying Yikunyin's Therapeutic Effect on Menopausal Syndrome. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7302419. [PMID: 35707470 PMCID: PMC9192326 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7302419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Yikunyin is an empirical prescription that exhibits good efficacy in the clinical treatment of menopausal syndrome; however, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study investigates the mechanism implicated in the therapeutic effect of Yikunyin by identifying its hub genes, central pathways, and key active ingredients. Method The active ingredients and targets of Yikunyin were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, whereas the targets related to menopausal syndrome were obtained from GeneCards, PharmGKB, Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). To reveal the pharmacological mechanism, the component-target and the intersecting protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. Finally, molecular docking was carried out to assess the strength of binding between the key active ingredients and key targets. Results A total of 418 targets and 121 active ingredients were identified in Yikunyin. The intersection of Yikunyin's 418 targets with the 2822 targets related to menopausal syndrome shows that there are 247 common targets that can be considered potential targets of Yikunyin in the treatment of menopausal syndrome. The topology analysis of the constructed PPI network conducted using the Cytoscape software shows that there are 15 hub genes implicated in the therapeutic effect of Yikunyin: AKT1, PRKCA, TLR9, CXCL10, PRKCD, PARP1, ABCB1, TP53, CAV1, MAPK8, PPARA, GRB2, EGFR, IL-6, and JAK2. Moreover, the key active components acting on these genes are paeoniflorin, luteolin, quercetin, beta-sitosterol, and kaempferol. GO and KEGG analyses indicate that Yikunyin can treat menopausal syndrome by regulating cellular response to chemical stress (GO:0062197), cellular response to oxidative stress (GO:0034599), phosphatase binding (GO:0019902), cytokine receptor binding (GO:0005126), PI3K-Akt signaling (hsa04151), lipid and atherosclerosis (hsa05417), and hepatitis B (hsa05161). Finally, the results of molecular docking suggest that the key active ingredients and key targets can bind well, with binding energies of less than −5 kJ/mol. Conclusion The research conducted herein reveals that Yikunyin treats menopausal syndrome by targeting AKT1 and IL-6 and by regulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Moreover, it provides a new idea for understanding the therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Yu Y, Bian Y, Shi JX, Gu Y, Yuan DP, Yu B, Shi L, Dou DH. Geniposide promotes splenic Treg differentiation to alleviate colonic inflammation and intestinal barrier injury in ulcerative colitis mice. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14616-14631. [PMID: 36694912 PMCID: PMC9995132 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2092678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Geniposide has been proven to have a therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis (UC) in animals, but its potential mechanism in UC remains to be clarified. The purpose of this study was to confirm the efficacy of geniposide in UC and to investigate the possible mechanism of geniposide in UC treatment. In vivo, geniposide relieved weight loss and reduced intestinal tissue damage in UC mice. Geniposide decreased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α and increased IL-10 levels in the colon and serum of UC mice. Geniposide increased FOXP3 expression in the colon and the number of CD4+ FOXP3+ cells in the spleen of UC mice. BD750 abolished the above regulatory effect of GE on UC mice. In vitro, geniposide increased the number of CD4+ FOXP3+ cells in spleen cells from normal mice, decreased the levels of IL-1β, CCL2 and TNF-α in the supernatant of LPS-treated Caco-2 cells, and decreased the protein expression of Beclin-1 and Occludin in cacO-2 cells. Epirubicin inhibited the effect of geniposide on increasing the number of CD4+ FOXP3+ cells in spleen cells, attenuated the inhibitory effect of geniposide on proinflammatory factors and attenuated the upregulation of geniposide on tight junction proteins in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells in the coculture system. In conclusion, geniposide has an effective therapeutic effect on UC. Increasing Treg differentiation of spleen cells is the mechanism by which geniposide alleviates intestinal inflammation and barrier injury in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Bian
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Xin Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Gu
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Ping Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Le Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Da-Hai Dou
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Liu X, Wang Z, Song X, Chang X, Zu E, Ma X, Sukegawa M, Liu D, Wang DO. Crocetin Alleviates Ovariectomy-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction through Regulating Estrogen Receptor β. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14824-14839. [PMID: 34851635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction (MD) is a major health problem threatening the life quality of menopausal women. Saffron has been widely used in herb prescriptions for treating menopausal syndrome. However, the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of saffron are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of crocin, the major ingredient of saffron and its active metabolite in blood, crocetin, on MD and lipid metabolism in ovariectomized (OVX) mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The present study showed that intragastric treatment of crocin prevented weight gain, fat accumulation, and insulin resistance in OVX mice by increasing energy expenditure and fat oxidation. Mechanistically, crocin influenced adipose tissue homeostasis by regulating adipogenic and lipolytic factors, which was strongly associated with the restoration of the downregulated ERβ function in white adipose tissue (WAT). In vitro, crocetin facilitated lipid metabolism in an ERβ-dependent manner. Our results demonstrated the beneficial effects of crocetin/crocin-mediated intervention against metabolic dysfunction, revealing a prospective therapeutic application in menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xintong Song
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xinyu Chang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Er Zu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Momoe Sukegawa
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshida hon-machi, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Dongchun Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dan Ohtan Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshida hon-machi, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 Modifies Bacterial Composition under Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis for the Activation of Interactions via Lipid Metabolism between the Gut Microbiome and the Host. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081065. [PMID: 34440269 PMCID: PMC8391242 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is closely related to gut metabolic functions, and the gut microbiome and host metabolic functions affect each other. Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 (CBM 588) upregulates protectin D1 production in host colon tissue following G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 120 activation to protect gut epithelial cells under antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. However, how CBM 588 enhances polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolites remains unclear. Therefore, we focused on the metabolic function alterations of the gut microbiome after CBM 588 and protectin D1 administration to reveal the interaction between the host and gut microbiome through lipid metabolism during antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. Consequently, CBM 588 modified gut microbiome and increased the butyric acid and oleic acid content. These lipid metabolic modifications induced GPR activation, which is a trigger of ERK 1/2 signaling and directed differentiation of downstream immune cells in the host colon tissue. Moreover, endogenous protectin D1 modified the gut microbiome, similar to CBM 588. This is the first study to report that CBM 588 influences the interrelationship between colon tissue and the gut microbiome through lipid metabolism. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms of prevention and recovery from inflammation and the improvement of host metabolism by CBM 588.
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Chen Q, Wang B, Wang S, Qian X, Li X, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Wang G. Modulation of the Gut Microbiota Structure with Probiotics and Isoflavone Alleviates Metabolic Disorder in Ovariectomized Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:1793. [PMID: 34070274 PMCID: PMC8225012 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The decrease in ovarian hormone secretion that occurs during menopause results in an increase in body weight and adipose tissue mass. Probiotics and soy isoflavones (SIFs) could affect the gut microbiota and exert anti-obesity effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotics and a diet containing SIF (SIF diet) on ovariectomized mice with menopausal obesity, including the gut microbiome. The results demonstrate that Bifidobacterium longum 15M1 can reverse menopausal obesity, whilst the combination of Lactobacillus plantarum 30M5 and a SIF diet was more effective in alleviating menopausal lipid metabolism disorder than either components alone. Probiotics and SIFs play different anti-obesity roles in menopausal mice. Furthermore, 30M5 alters the metabolites of the gut microbiota that increase the circulating estrogen level, upregulates the expression of estrogen receptor α in abdominal adipose tissue and improves the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). A SIF diet can significantly alter the structure of the fecal bacterial community and enrich the pathways related to SCFAs production. Moreover, 30M5 and a SIF diet acted synergistically to effectively resolve abnormal serum lipid levels in ovariectomized mice, and these effects appear to be associated with regulation of the diversity and structure of the intestinal microbiota to enhance SCFAs production and promote estrogen circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Botao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shunhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
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Wu SY, Sharma S, Wu K, Tyagi A, Zhao D, Deshpande RP, Watabe K. Tamoxifen suppresses brain metastasis of estrogen receptor-deficient breast cancer by skewing microglia polarization and enhancing their immune functions. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:35. [PMID: 33736709 PMCID: PMC7977276 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Brain metastasis of breast cancer exhibits exceedingly poor prognosis, and both triple negative (TN) and Her2+ subtypes have the highest incidence of brain metastasis. Although estrogen blockers are considered to be ineffective for their treatment, recent evidence indicates that estrogen blockade using tamoxifen showed certain efficacy. However, how estrogen affects brain metastasis of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains elusive. Methods To examine the effect of estrogen on brain metastasis progression, nude mice were implanted with brain metastatic cells and treated with either estrogen supplement, tamoxifen, or ovariectomy for estrogen depletion. For clinical validation study, brain metastasis specimens from pre- and post-menopause breast cancer patients were examined for microglia polarization by immunohistochemistry. To examine the estrogen-induced M2 microglia polarization, microglia cells were treated with estrogen, and the M1/M2 microglia polarization was detected by qRT-PCR and FACS. The estrogen receptor-deficient brain metastatic cells, SkBrM and 231BrM, were treated with conditioned medium (CM) derived from microglia that were treated with estrogen in the presence or absence of tamoxifen. The effect of microglia-derived CM on tumor cells was examined by colony formation assay and sphere forming ability. Results We found that M2 microglia were abundantly infiltrated in brain metastasis of pre-menopausal breast cancer patients. A similar observation was made in vivo, when we treated mice systemically with estrogen. Blocking of estrogen signaling either by tamoxifen treatment or surgical resection of mice ovaries suppressed M2 microglial polarization and decreased the secretion of C-C motif chemokine ligand 5, resulting in suppression of brain metastasis. The estrogen modulation also suppressed stemness in TNBC cells in vitro. Importantly, estrogen enhanced the expression of signal regulatory protein α on microglia and restricted their phagocytic ability. Conclusions Our results indicate that estrogen promotes brain metastasis by skewing polarity of M2 microglia and inhibiting their phagocytic ability, while tamoxifen suppresses brain metastasis by blocking the M2 polarization of microglia and increasing their anti-tumor phagocytic ability. Our results also highlight a potential therapeutic utility of tamoxifen for treating brain metastasis of hormone receptor-deficient breast cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13058-021-01412-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ying Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Sambad Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kerui Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Abhishek Tyagi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Ravindra Pramod Deshpande
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kounosuke Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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Williams K, Segard A, Graf GA. Sitosterolemia: Twenty Years of Discovery of the Function of ABCG5ABCG8. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2641. [PMID: 33807969 PMCID: PMC7961684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sitosterolemia is a lipid disorder characterized by the accumulation of dietary xenosterols in plasma and tissues caused by mutations in either ABCG5 or ABCG8. ABCG5 ABCG8 encodes a pair of ABC half transporters that form a heterodimer (G5G8), which then traffics to the surface of hepatocytes and enterocytes and promotes the secretion of cholesterol and xenosterols into the bile and the intestinal lumen. We review the literature from the initial description of the disease, the discovery of its genetic basis, current therapy, and what has been learned from animal, cellular, and molecular investigations of the transporter in the twenty years since its discovery. The genomic era has revealed that there are far more carriers of loss of function mutations and likely pathogenic variants of ABCG5 ABCG8 than previously thought. The impact of these variants on G5G8 structure and activity are largely unknown. We propose a classification system for ABCG5 ABCG8 mutants based on previously published systems for diseases caused by defects in ABC transporters. This system establishes a framework for the comprehensive analysis of disease-associated variants and their impact on G5G8 structure-function.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/history
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8/history
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8/metabolism
- Animals
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Enterocytes/metabolism
- Enterocytes/pathology
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- Hepatocytes/pathology
- History, 21st Century
- Humans
- Hypercholesterolemia/genetics
- Hypercholesterolemia/history
- Hypercholesterolemia/metabolism
- Hypercholesterolemia/pathology
- Intestinal Diseases/genetics
- Intestinal Diseases/history
- Intestinal Diseases/metabolism
- Intestinal Diseases/pathology
- Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/genetics
- Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/history
- Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/metabolism
- Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/pathology
- Lipoproteins/genetics
- Lipoproteins/history
- Lipoproteins/metabolism
- Mutation
- Phytosterols/adverse effects
- Phytosterols/genetics
- Phytosterols/history
- Phytosterols/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Kori Williams
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (K.W.); (A.S.)
| | - Allison Segard
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (K.W.); (A.S.)
| | - Gregory A. Graf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (K.W.); (A.S.)
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Ariyoshi T, Hagihara M, Eguchi S, Fukuda A, Iwasaki K, Oka K, Takahashi M, Yamagishi Y, Mikamo H. Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588-Induced Protectin D1 Has an Anti-inflammatory Effect on Antibiotic-Induced Intestinal Disorder. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:587725. [PMID: 33193245 PMCID: PMC7661741 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.587725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolites are thought as the end products in cellular regulatory processes and their levels show the strongest relationships with the phenotype. Previously, we showed that the administration of Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 (CBM 588) upregulated protectin D1, an anti-inflammatory lipid metabolite, in colon tissue under antibiotic therapy. However, how CBM 588 induces protectin D1 expression and whether the metabolite has anti-inflammatory effects on antibiotic-induced inflammation are unclear. Therefore, here, we evaluated the effect of CBM 588 on lipid metabolism and protectin D1 in gut protection from antibiotic-induced intestinal disorders. In the CBM 588 treatment group, expression levels of genes encoding lipid receptors related to the conversion of DHA to protectin D1, such as polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) receptors, G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), and 15-lipoxygenase (LOX), were increased in colon tissue. CD4+ cells producing interleukin (IL)-4, the main component of T helper type 2 (Th2) cells that can activate 15-LOX, also increased in CBM 588-treated groups even after clindamycin co-administration. In addition, similar to CBM 588, exogenously administered protectin D1 reduced inflammatory cytokines, while IL-10 and TGF-β1, works as anti-inflammatory cytokines, were increased. Our data revealed that CBM 588 activated 15-LOX to enhance protectin D1 production by increasing IL-4-producing CD4+ cell population in the intestinal tract. Additionally, CBM 588-induced protectin D1 clearly upregulated IL-10-producing CD4+ cells to control antibiotic-induced gut inflammation. We provide new insights into CBM 588-mediated lipid metabolism induction for the treatment of gut inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Ariyoshi
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan.,Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Mao Hagihara
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan.,Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Biomedical Sciences, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | | | - Aiki Fukuda
- Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenta Iwasaki
- Departments of Kidney Disease and Transplant Immunology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kentaro Oka
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan.,Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Biomedical Sciences, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Motomichi Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan.,Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuka Yamagishi
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Mikamo
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
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