1
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Zhu L, Wang YP, Xu XD, Xu X, Shao FR, Ren K. LKB1 inhibits the phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells by activating SIRT6. Int J Cardiol 2024; 407:132092. [PMID: 38670461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dan Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xi Xu
- College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, PR China
| | - Fu-Rong Shao
- College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Kun Ren
- College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, PR China.
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2
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Guan X, Hu Y, Hao J, Lu M, Zhang Z, Hu W, Li D, Li C. Stress, Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype and Atherosclerosis: Novel Insight into Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Transition in Atherosclerosis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2024:10.1007/s11883-024-01220-8. [PMID: 38814419 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Our work is to establish more distinct association between specific stress and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotypes to alleviate atherosclerotic plaque burden and delay atherosclerosis (AS) progression. RECENT FINDING In recent years, VSMCs phenotypic transition has received significant interests. Different stresses were found to be associated with VSMCs phenotypic transition. However, the explicit correlation between VSMCs phenotype and specific stress has not been elucidated clearly yet. We discover that VSMCs phenotypic transition, which is widely involved in the progression of AS, is associated with specific stress. We discuss approaches targeting stresses to intervene VSMCs phenotypic transition, which may contribute to develop innovative therapies for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuya Guan
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yuanlong Hu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Jiaqi Hao
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Wenxian Hu
- Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
- Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao, 266000, China.
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3
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Meijer E, Giles R, van Dijk CGM, Maringanti R, Wissing TB, Appels Y, Chrifi I, Crielaard H, Verhaar MC, Smits AI, Cheng C. Effect of Mechanical Stimuli on the Phenotypic Plasticity of Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell-Derived Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in a 3D Hydrogel. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5716-5729. [PMID: 38032545 PMCID: PMC10731661 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a pivotal role in vascular homeostasis, with dysregulation leading to vascular complications. Human-induced pluripotent stem-cell (hiPSC)-derived VSMCs offer prospects for personalized disease modeling and regenerative strategies. Current research lacks comparative studies on the impact of three-dimensional (3D) substrate properties under cyclic strain on phenotypic adaptation in hiPSC-derived VSMCs. Here, we aim to investigate the impact of intrinsic substrate properties, such as the hydrogel's elastic modulus and cross-linking density in a 3D static and dynamic environment, on the phenotypical adaptation of human mural cells derived from hiPSC-derived organoids (ODMCs), compared to aortic VSMCs. Methods and results: ODMCs were cultured in two-dimensional (2D) conditions with synthetic or contractile differentiation medium or in 3D Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMa) substrates with varying degrees of functionalization and percentages to modulate Young's modulus and cross-linking density. Cells in 3D substrates were exposed to cyclic, unidirectional strain. Phenotype characterization was conducted using specific markers through immunofluorescence and gene expression analysis. Under static 2D culture, ODMCs derived from hiPSCs exhibited a VSMC phenotype, expressing key mural markers, and demonstrated a level of phenotypic plasticity similar to primary human VSMCs. In static 3D culture, a substrate with a higher Young's modulus and cross-linking density promoted a contractile phenotype in ODMCs and VSMCs. Dynamic stimulation in the 3D substrate promoted a switch toward a contractile phenotype in both cell types. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates phenotypic plasticity of human ODMCs in response to 2D biological and 3D mechanical stimuli that equals that of primary human VSMCs. These findings may contribute to the advancement of tailored approaches for vascular disease modeling and regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elana
M. Meijer
- Department
of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and
Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Regenerative
Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical
Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Rachel Giles
- Department
of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and
Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Regenerative
Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical
Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Christian G. M. van Dijk
- Department
of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and
Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Regenerative
Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical
Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Ranganath Maringanti
- Department
of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and
Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Regenerative
Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical
Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Experimental
Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thorax
Center Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Tamar B. Wissing
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology; Eindhoven 5612 AE, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven
University of Technology; Eindhoven 5612 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Ymke Appels
- Department
of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and
Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Regenerative
Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical
Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Ihsan Chrifi
- Department
of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and
Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Regenerative
Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical
Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Experimental
Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thorax
Center Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke Crielaard
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus Medical
Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C. Verhaar
- Department
of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and
Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Regenerative
Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical
Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Anthal I.P.M. Smits
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology; Eindhoven 5612 AE, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven
University of Technology; Eindhoven 5612 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Cheng
- Department
of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and
Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Regenerative
Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical
Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
- Experimental
Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thorax
Center Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands
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4
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Monisha K, Mahema S, Chokkalingam M, Ahmad SF, Emran TB, Prabu P, Ahmed SSSJ. Elucidating the Histone Deacetylase Gene Expression Signatures in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells That Correlate Essential Cardiac Function and Aid in Classifying Coronary Artery Disease through a Logistic Regression Model. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2952. [PMID: 38001953 PMCID: PMC10669643 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A proinflammatory role of HDACs has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis as an emerging novel epigenetic diagnostic biomarker. However, its association with the clinical and cardiovascular function in coronary artery disease is largely unknown. The study aimed to profile the gene expression of HDAC1-11 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and to evaluate their influence on hematological, biochemical, and two-dimensional echocardiographic indices in CAD. The HDAC gene expression profiles were assessed in 62 angioproven CAD patients and compared with 62 healthy controls. Among the HDACs, upregulated HDACs 1,2, 4, 6, 8, 9, and 11 were upregulated, and HDAC3 was downregulated, which was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) linked with the hematological (basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils), biochemical (LDL, HDL, and TGL), and echocardiographic parameters (cardiac function: biplane LVEF, GLS, MV E/A, IVRT, and PV S/D) in CAD. Furthermore, our constructed diagnostic model with the crucial HDACs establishes the most crucial HDACs in the classification of CAD from control with an excellent accuracy of 88.6%. Conclusively, our study has provided a novel perspective on the HDAC gene expression underlying cardiac function that is useful in developing molecular methods for CAD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Monisha
- Drug Discovery and Multi-omics Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam 603103, India
| | - S. Mahema
- Drug Discovery and Multi-omics Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam 603103, India
| | - M. Chokkalingam
- Department of Cardiology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam 603103, India
| | - Sheikh F. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Paramasivam Prabu
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Albuquerque, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Shiek S. S. J. Ahmed
- Drug Discovery and Multi-omics Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam 603103, India
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5
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Yang X, Wang C, Zhu G, Guo Z, Fan L. METTL14/YTHDF1 axis-modified UCHL5 aggravates atherosclerosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Exp Cell Res 2023; 427:113587. [PMID: 37044315 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching contributes to VSMC proliferation and migration in atherosclerosis (AS). Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of VSMC phenotypic switching during AS progression is unclear. Here, the role and regulatory mechanism of UCHL5 in VSMC phenotypic switching during AS progression were investigated. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were fed with high fat diet to establish AS model in vivo. VSMCs stimulated by ox-LDL were used as AS cellular model. VSMC proliferation and migration were examined by CCK8 assay and transwell assay, respectively. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed using ELISA. The interactions between METTL14/YTHDF1, UCHL5 and NLRP3 were analyzed using RIP and/or dual-luciferase reporter gene and/or Co-IP assays. NLRP3 ubiquitination was analyzed by ubiquitination analysis. RESULTS UCHL5 was significantly upregulated in AS patients and ox-LDL-treated VSMCs. UCHL5 silencing ameliorated plaque formation and vascular remodeling in vivo and suppressed ox-LDL-induced VSMC proliferation, migration, inflammation and phenotypic switching in vitro. Moreover, METTL14 could increase UCHL5 mRNA m6A level and promoted UCHL5 expression by recruiting YTHDF1. Moreover, UCHL5 overexpression enhanced protein stability by deubiquitinating NLRP3. Rescue studies revealed that NLRP3 overexpression abrogated UCHL5 silencing-mediated biological effects in ox-LDL-treated VSMCs. CONCLUSION UCHL5 modified by METTL14/YTHDF1 axis could facilitate the inflammation and vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Guanglang Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Zhenyu Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Longhua Fan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China.
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6
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Zou X, Liao Y, Liu Z, Xu X, Sun W, Qin H, Wang H, Liu J, Jing T. Exosomes Derived from AT2R-Overexpressing BMSC Prevent Restenosis After Carotid Artery Injury by Attenuating the Injury-Induced Neointimal Hyperplasia. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2023; 16:112-126. [PMID: 35900670 PMCID: PMC9944384 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Restenosis is a severe complication after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty which limits the long-term efficacy of the intervention. In this study, we investigated the efficiency of exosomes derived from AT2R-overexpressing bone mesenchymal stem cells on the prevention of restenosis after carotid artery injury. Our data showed that AT2R-EXO promoted the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells and maintained the ratio of eNOS/iNOS. On the contrary, AT2R-EXO inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. In vivo study proved that AT2R-Exo were more effectively accumulated in the injured carotid artery than EXO and Vehicle-EXO controls. AT2R-EXO treatment could improve blood flow of the injured carotid artery site more effectively. Further analysis revealed that AT2REXO prevents restenosis after carotid artery injury by attenuating the injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. Our study provides a novel and more efficient exosome for the treatment of restenosis diseases after intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoran Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haidong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Jing
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Wang S, Li L, Liang Q, Ye Y, Lan Z, Dong Q, Chen A, Fu M, Li Y, Liu X, Ou JS, Lu L, Yan J. Deletion of SIRT6 in vascular smooth muscle cells facilitates vascular calcification via suppression of DNA damage repair. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 173:154-168. [PMID: 36367517 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is an important risk factor for cardiovascular events, accompanied by DNA damage during the process. The sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) has been reported to alleviate atherosclerosis, which is related to the reduction of DNA damage. However, whether smooth muscle cell SIRT6 mediates vascular calcification involving DNA damage remains unclear. Western blot and immunofluorescence revealed that SIRT6 expression was decreased in human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs), human and mouse arteries during vascular calcification. Alizarin red staining and calcium content assay showed that knockdown or deletion of SIRT6 significantly promoted HVSMC calcification induced by high phosphorus and calcium, accompanied by upregulation of osteogenic differentiation markers including Runx2 and BMP2. By contrast, adenovirus-mediated SIRT6 overexpression attenuated osteogenic differentiation and calcification of HVSMCs. Moreover, ex vivo study revealed that SIRT6 overexpression inhibited calcification of mouse and human arterial rings. Of note, smooth muscle cell-specific knockout of SIRT6 markedly aggravated Vitamin D3-induced aortic calcification in mice. Mechanistically, overexpression of SIRT6 reduced DNA damage and upregulated p-ATM during HVSMCs calcification, whereas knockdown of SIRT6 showed the opposite effects. Knockdown of ATM in HVSMCs abrogated the inhibitory effect of SIRT6 overexpression on calcification and DNA damage. This study for the first time demonstrates that vascular smooth muscle cell-specific deletion of SIRT6 facilitates vascular calcification via suppression of DNA damage repair. Therefore, modulation of SIRT6 and DNA damage repair may represent a therapeutic strategy for vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Qingchun Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510665, China
| | - Yuanzhi Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Zirong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Qianqian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Mingwei Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yining Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lihe Lu
- Department of Pathophysiolgy, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jianyun Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China.
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8
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Karakaya C, van Turnhout MC, Visser VL, Ristori T, Bouten CVC, Sahlgren CM, Loerakker S. Notch signaling regulates strain-mediated phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:910503. [PMID: 36036000 PMCID: PMC9412035 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.910503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stimuli experienced by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and mechanosensitive Notch signaling are important regulators of vascular growth and remodeling. However, the interplay between mechanical cues and Notch signaling, and its contribution to regulate the VSMC phenotype are still unclear. Here, we investigated the role of Notch signaling in regulating strain-mediated changes in VSMC phenotype. Synthetic and contractile VSMCs were cyclically stretched for 48 h to determine the temporal changes in phenotypic features. Different magnitudes of strain were applied to investigate its effect on Notch mechanosensitivity and the phenotypic regulation of VSMCs. In addition, Notch signaling was inhibited via DAPT treatment and activated with immobilized Jagged1 ligands to understand the role of Notch on strain-mediated phenotypic changes of VSMCs. Our data demonstrate that cyclic strain induces a decrease in Notch signaling along with a loss of VSMC contractile features. Accordingly, the activation of Notch signaling during cyclic stretching partially rescued the contractile features of VSMCs. These findings demonstrate that Notch signaling has an important role in regulating strain-mediated phenotypic switching of VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Karakaya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Mark C. van Turnhout
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Valery L. Visser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V. C. Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M. Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Sandra Loerakker,
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9
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Bachmann JC, Baumgart SJ, Uryga AK, Bosteen MH, Borghetti G, Nyberg M, Herum KM. Fibrotic Signaling in Cardiac Fibroblasts and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: The Dual Roles of Fibrosis in HFpEF and CAD. Cells 2022; 11:1657. [PMID: 35626694 PMCID: PMC9139546 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and atherosclerosis-driven coronary artery disease (CAD) will have ongoing fibrotic remodeling both in the myocardium and in atherosclerotic plaques. However, the functional consequences of fibrosis differ for each location. Thus, cardiac fibrosis leads to myocardial stiffening, thereby compromising cardiac function, while fibrotic remodeling stabilizes the atherosclerotic plaque, thereby reducing the risk of plaque rupture. Although there are currently no drugs targeting cardiac fibrosis, it is a field under intense investigation, and future drugs must take these considerations into account. To explore similarities and differences of fibrotic remodeling at these two locations of the heart, we review the signaling pathways that are activated in the main extracellular matrix (ECM)-producing cells, namely human cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Although these signaling pathways are highly overlapping and context-dependent, effects on ECM remodeling mainly act through two core signaling cascades: TGF-β and Angiotensin II. We complete this by summarizing the knowledge gained from clinical trials targeting these two central fibrotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kate M. Herum
- Research and Early Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, 2760 Maaloev, Denmark; (J.C.B.); (S.J.B.); (A.K.U.); (M.H.B.); (G.B.); (M.N.)
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10
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Ren SC, Chen X, Gong H, Wang H, Wu C, Li PH, Chen XF, Qu JH, Tang X. SIRT6 in Vascular Diseases, from Bench to Bedside. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1015-1029. [PMID: 35855341 PMCID: PMC9286919 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a key risk factor for angiogenic dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and stroke. Members of the NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylase family, sirtuins, are conserved regulators of aging and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The sirtuin SIRT6 is predominantly located in the nucleus and shows deacetylase activity for acetylated histone 3 lysine 56 and lysine 9 as well as for some non-histone proteins. Over the past decade, experimental analyses in rodents and non-human primates have demonstrated the critical role of SIRT6 in extending lifespan. Recent studies highlighted the pleiotropic protective actions of SIRT6 in angiogenesis and cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure, and stroke. Mechanistically, SIRT6 participates in vascular diseases via epigenetic regulation of endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and immune cells. Importantly, SIRT6 activators (e.g., MDL-800/MDL-811) have provided therapeutic value for treating age-related vascular disorders. Here, we summarized the roles of sirtuins in cardiovascular diseases; reviewed recent advances in the understanding of SIRT6 in vascular biology, cardiovascular aging, and diseases; highlighted its therapeutic potential; and discussed future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Chong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiangqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hui Gong
- The Lab of Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Chuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Pei-Heng Li
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiao-Feng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jia-Hua Qu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Xiaoqiang Tang, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. E-mail:,
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11
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Li W, Feng W, Su X, Luo D, Li Z, Zhou Y, Zhu Y, Zhang M, Chen J, Liu B, Huang H. SIRT6 protects vascular smooth muscle cell from osteogenic transdifferentiation via Runx2 in chronic kidney disease. J Clin Invest 2021; 132:150051. [PMID: 34793336 PMCID: PMC8718147 DOI: 10.1172/jci150051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is regarded as an important pathological change lacking effective treatment and associated with high mortality. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the Sirtuin family, a class III histone deacetylase and a key epigenetic regulator. SIRT6 has a protective role in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the exact role and molecular mechanism of SIRT6 in VC in patients with CKD remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that SIRT6 was markedly downregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in the radial artery tissue of patients with CKD with VC. SIRT6-transgenic (SIRT6-Tg) mice showed alleviated VC, while vascular smooth muscle cell–specific (VSMC-specific) SIRT6 knocked-down mice showed severe VC in CKD. SIRT6 suppressed the osteogenic transdifferentiation of VSMCs via regulation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). Coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) and immunoprecipitation (IP) assays confirmed that SIRT6 bound to Runx2. Moreover, Runx2 was deacetylated by SIRT6 and further promoted nuclear export via exportin 1 (XPO1), which in turn caused degradation of Runx2 through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. These results demonstrated that SIRT6 prevented VC by suppressing the osteogenic transdifferentiation of VSMCs, and as such targeting SIRT6 may be an appealing therapeutic target for VC in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weijing Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Su
- Department of Nephropathy, Tungwah Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Dongguan, China
| | - Dongling Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhibing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongqiao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengbi Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, Tungwah Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, ShenZhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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12
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Karakaya C, van Asten JGM, Ristori T, Sahlgren CM, Loerakker S. Mechano-regulated cell-cell signaling in the context of cardiovascular tissue engineering. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 21:5-54. [PMID: 34613528 PMCID: PMC8807458 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01521-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular tissue engineering (CVTE) aims to create living tissues, with the ability to grow and remodel, as replacements for diseased blood vessels and heart valves. Despite promising results, the (long-term) functionality of these engineered tissues still needs improvement to reach broad clinical application. The functionality of native tissues is ensured by their specific mechanical properties directly arising from tissue organization. We therefore hypothesize that establishing a native-like tissue organization is vital to overcome the limitations of current CVTE approaches. To achieve this aim, a better understanding of the growth and remodeling (G&R) mechanisms of cardiovascular tissues is necessary. Cells are the main mediators of tissue G&R, and their behavior is strongly influenced by both mechanical stimuli and cell-cell signaling. An increasing number of signaling pathways has also been identified as mechanosensitive. As such, they may have a key underlying role in regulating the G&R of tissues in response to mechanical stimuli. A more detailed understanding of mechano-regulated cell-cell signaling may thus be crucial to advance CVTE, as it could inspire new methods to control tissue G&R and improve the organization and functionality of engineered tissues, thereby accelerating clinical translation. In this review, we discuss the organization and biomechanics of native cardiovascular tissues; recent CVTE studies emphasizing the obtained engineered tissue organization; and the interplay between mechanical stimuli, cell behavior, and cell-cell signaling. In addition, we review past contributions of computational models in understanding and predicting mechano-regulated tissue G&R and cell-cell signaling to highlight their potential role in future CVTE strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Karakaya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jordy G M van Asten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands. .,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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13
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Jensen LF, Bentzon JF, Albarrán-Juárez J. The Phenotypic Responses of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Exposed to Mechanical Cues. Cells 2021; 10:2209. [PMID: 34571858 PMCID: PMC8469800 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During the development of atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases, vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) located in the intima and media of blood vessels shift from a contractile state towards other phenotypes that differ substantially from differentiated SMCs. In addition, these cells acquire new functions, such as the production of alternative extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and signal molecules. A similar shift in cell phenotype is observed when SMCs are removed from their native environment and placed in a culture, presumably due to the absence of the physiological signals that maintain and regulate the SMC phenotype in the vasculature. The far majority of studies describing SMC functions have been performed under standard culture conditions in which cells adhere to a rigid and static plastic plate. While these studies have contributed to discovering key molecular pathways regulating SMCs, they have a significant limitation: the ECM microenvironment and the mechanical forces transmitted through the matrix to SMCs are generally not considered. Here, we review and discuss the recent literature on how the mechanical forces and derived biochemical signals have been shown to modulate the vascular SMC phenotype and provide new perspectives about their importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Filt Jensen
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (L.F.J.); (J.F.B.)
| | - Jacob Fog Bentzon
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (L.F.J.); (J.F.B.)
- Experimental Pathology of Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Julian Albarrán-Juárez
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (L.F.J.); (J.F.B.)
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14
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Kimura Y, Izumiya Y, Araki S, Yamamura S, Hanatani S, Onoue Y, Ishida T, Arima Y, Nakamura T, Yamamoto E, Senokuchi T, Yoshizawa T, Sata M, Kim-Mitsuyama S, Nakagata N, Bober E, Braun T, Kaikita K, Yamagata K, Tsujita K. Sirt7 Deficiency Attenuates Neointimal Formation Following Vascular Injury by Modulating Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation. Circ J 2021; 85:2232-2240. [PMID: 33678753 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-20-0936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sirt7 is a recently identified sirtuin and has important roles in various pathological conditions, including cancer progression and metabolic disorders. It has previously been reported that Sirt7 is a key molecule in acute myocardial wound healing and pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, the role of Sirt7 in neointimal formation after vascular injury is investigated.Methods and Results:Systemic (Sirt7-/-) and smooth muscle cell-specific Sirt7-deficient mice were subjected to femoral artery wire injury. Primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were isolated from the aorta of wild type (WT) and Sirt7-/-mice and their capacity for cell proliferation and migration was compared. Sirt7 expression was increased in vascular tissue at the sites of injury. Sirt7-/-mice demonstrated significant reduction in neointimal formation compared to WT mice. In vitro, Sirt7 deficiency attenuated the proliferation of serum-induced VSMCs. Serum stimulation-induced upregulation of cyclins and cyclin-dependent-kinase 2 (CDK2) was significantly attenuated in VSMCs of Sirt7-/-compared with WT mice. These changes were accompanied by enhanced expression of the microRNA 290-295 cluster, the translational negative regulator of CDK2, in VSMCs of Sirt7-/-mice. It was confirmed that smooth muscle cell-specific Sirt7-deficient mice showed significant reduction in neointima compared with control mice. CONCLUSIONS Sirt7 deficiency attenuates neointimal formation after vascular injury. Given the predominant role in vascular neointimal formation, Sirt7 is a potentially suitable target for treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Yasuhiro Izumiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Satoshi Araki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Satoru Yamamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Shinsuke Hanatani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Yoshiro Onoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Toshifumi Ishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Yuichiro Arima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Taishi Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Takafumi Senokuchi
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Tatsuya Yoshizawa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Shokei Kim-Mitsuyama
- Departments of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Naomi Nakagata
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University
| | - Eva Bober
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research
| | - Koichi Kaikita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Kazuya Yamagata
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
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15
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Chen H, Kang J, Zhang F, Yan T, Fan W, He H, Huang F. SIRT4 regulates rat dental papilla cell differentiation by promoting mitochondrial functions. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 134:105962. [PMID: 33636397 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.105962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION SIRT4 is a mitochondrial sirtuin. Owing to its dependance on the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), SIRT4 can act as a mitochondrial metabolic sensor of cellular energy status. We have previously shown that enhancement of mitochondrial functions is vital for the odontogenic diff ;erentiation of dental papilla cells (DPCs) during dentinogenesis. However, whether SIRT4 serves as an effective regulator of DPC diff ;erentiation by affecting mitochondrial functions remains unexplored. METHODS Primary DPCs obtained from the first molar dental papilla of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. The expression pattern of SIRT4 was observed by immunohistochemistry in the first molar of postnatal day 1 (P1) rats. The changes in SIRT4 expression during odontogenic DPC differentiation were evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting, and immunofluorescence. DPCs with loss (small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown) and gain (plasmid transfection-induced overexpression) of SIRT4 function were used to explore the role of SIRT4 in odontogenic differentiation. Mitochondrial function assays were performed using ATP, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and NAD+/NADH kits to investigate the potential mechanisms involved in SIRT4-mediated dentinogenesis. RESULTS In the present study, we found that SIRT4 expression increased in a time-dependent manner during odontogenic differentiation bothin vivo and in vitro. Sirt4 knockdown resulted in reduced odontogenic differentiation and mineralization, whereas an opposite effect was observed with SIRT4 overexpression. Furthermore, our results verified that in addition to reducing DPC differentiation, Sirt4 knockdown could also significantly reduce ATP levels, elevate the NAD+/NADH ratio, and increase ROS levels. CONCLUSION SIRT4 regulates mitochondrial functions and the antioxidant capacity of DPCs, thereby influencing dentin formation and tooth development, a phenomenon that may provide a foundation for better understanding the specific molecular mechanisms underlying dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoling Chen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Kang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuping Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Yan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenguo Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwen He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Yang X, Yang Y, Guo J, Meng Y, Li M, Yang P, Liu X, Aung LHH, Yu T, Li Y. Targeting the epigenome in in-stent restenosis: from mechanisms to therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 23:1136-1160. [PMID: 33664994 PMCID: PMC7896131 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. The introduction of percutaneous revascularization has revolutionized the therapy of patients with CAD. Despite the advent of drug-eluting stents, restenosis remains the main challenge in treating patients with CAD. In-stent restenosis (ISR) indicates the reduction in lumen diameter after percutaneous coronary intervention, in which the vessel's lumen re-narrowing is attributed to the aberrant proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and dysregulation of endothelial cells (ECs). Increasing evidence has demonstrated that epigenetics is involved in the occurrence and progression of ISR. In this review, we provide the latest and comprehensive analysis of three separate but related epigenetic mechanisms regulating ISR, namely, DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. Initially, we discuss the mechanism of restenosis. Furthermore, we discuss the biological mechanism underlying the diverse epigenetic modifications modulating gene expression and functions of VSMCs, as well as ECs in ISR. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets of the small molecule inhibitors of cardiovascular epigenetic factors. A more detailed understanding of epigenetic regulation is essential for elucidating this complex biological process, which will assist in developing and improving ISR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Panyu Yang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lynn Htet Htet Aung
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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17
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Chen X, He Y, Fu W, Sahebkar A, Tan Y, Xu S, Li H. Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) and Atherosclerosis: A Mechanistic and Pharmacological Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581015. [PMID: 33282862 PMCID: PMC7688915 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), the most common underlying pathology for coronary artery disease, is a chronic inflammatory, proliferative disease in large- and medium-sized arteries. The vascular endothelium is important for maintaining vascular health. Endothelial dysfunction is a critical early event leading to AS, which is a major risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction. Accumulating evidence has suggested the critical roles of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in regulating vascular cell homeostasis and AS. The purpose of this review is to present an updated view on the roles of HDACs (Class I, Class II, Class IV) and HDAC inhibitors in vascular dysfunction and AS. We also elaborate on the novel therapeutic targets and agents in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Chen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong He
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Fu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Łódź, Poland
| | - Yuhui Tan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Chen J, Zhou Y, Liu S, Li C. Biomechanical signal communication in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 14:357-376. [PMID: 32780323 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomechanical stresses are closely associated with cardiovascular development and diseases. In vivo, vascular smooth muscle cells are constantly stimulated by biomechanical factors caused by increased blood pressure leading to the non-specific activation of cell transmembrane proteins. Thus, various intracellular signal molecules are simultaneously activated via signaling cascades, which are closely related to alterations in the differentiation, phenotype, inflammation, migration, pyroptosis, calcification, proliferation, and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells. Meanwhile, mechanical stress-induced miRNAs and epigenetics modification on vascular smooth muscle cells play critical roles as well. Eventually, the overall pathophysiology of the cells is altered, resulting in the development of many major clinical diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, grafted venous atherosclerosis, and aneurysm, among others. In this paper, important advances in mechanical signal communication in vascular smooth muscle cells are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuying Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chaohong Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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19
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Jin Z, Xiao Y, Yao F, Wang B, Zheng Z, Gao H, Lv X, Chen L, He Y, Wang W, Lin R. SIRT6 inhibits cholesterol crystal-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction via Nrf2 activation. Exp Cell Res 2020; 387:111744. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Maity S, Muhamed J, Sarikhani M, Kumar S, Ahamed F, Spurthi KM, Ravi V, Jain A, Khan D, Arathi BP, Desingu PA, Sundaresan NR. Sirtuin 6 deficiency transcriptionally up-regulates TGF-β signaling and induces fibrosis in mice. J Biol Chem 2019; 295:415-434. [PMID: 31744885 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction has been associated with increased life span and reduced aging-related disorders and reduces fibrosis in several diseases. Fibrosis is characterized by deposition of excess fibrous material in tissues and organs and is caused by aging, chronic stress, injury, or disease. Myofibroblasts are fibroblast-like cells that secrete high levels of extracellular matrix proteins, resulting in fibrosis. Histological studies have identified many-fold increases of myofibroblasts in aged organs where myofibroblasts are constantly generated from resident tissue fibroblasts and other cell types. However, it remains unclear how aging increases the generation of myofibroblasts. Here, using mouse models and biochemical assays, we show that sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) deficiency plays a major role in aging-associated transformation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, resulting in tissue fibrosis. Our findings suggest that SIRT6-deficient fibroblasts transform spontaneously to myofibroblasts through hyperactivation of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling in a cell-autonomous manner. Importantly, we noted that SIRT6 haploinsufficiency is sufficient for enhancing myofibroblast generation, leading to multiorgan fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction in mice during aging. Mechanistically, SIRT6 bound to and repressed the expression of key TGF-β signaling genes by deacetylating SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3) and Lys-9 and Lys-56 in histone 3. SIRT6 binding to the promoters of genes in the TGF-β signaling pathway decreased significantly with age and was accompanied by increased binding of SMAD3 to these promoters. Our findings reveal that SIRT6 may be a potential candidate for modulating TGF-β signaling to reduce multiorgan fibrosis during aging and fibrosis-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Maity
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Jaseer Muhamed
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India; Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), Bengaluru, Karnataka 562110, India
| | - Mohsen Sarikhani
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Shweta Kumar
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Faiz Ahamed
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Kondapalli Mrudula Spurthi
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Venkatraman Ravi
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Aditi Jain
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Danish Khan
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Bangalore Prabhashankar Arathi
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Perumal Arumugam Desingu
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Nagalingam R Sundaresan
- Lab #SB-02, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India.
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Xiao F, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Xie M, Guo G. Inhibitory Effect of Sirtuin6 (SIRT6) on Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8412-8421. [PMID: 31701920 PMCID: PMC6858786 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The imbalance between bone resorption and formation is the basic mechanism underlying osteoporosis in the elderly. Osteogenesis is the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into osteoblasts. Sirtuin6 (SIRT6) regulates various biological functions, including differentiation. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel that can be activated by physical and chemical stimulation. However, experimental data supporting the role of SIRT6 in osteogenic differentiation (OD) of hMSCs are lacking. MATERIAL AND METHODS Differentiation of hMSCs was induced. The expressions of SIRT6, TRPV1, and CGRP were detected by Q-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA, respectively. SIRT6 was overexpressed in hMSCs by transfection. ALP activity and Alizarin Red staining were utilized to detect the effect of SIRT6 on hMSC OD. Then, capsaicin and capsazepine, the TRPV1 agonist and antagonist, respectively, were administrated to assess the role of TRPV1. RESULTS SIRT6 expression was downregulated during hMSC differentiation. SIRT6 overexpression was accompanied by reduced expression of specific genes and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in osteoblasts. Furthermore, TRPV1 channel was also reduced by SIRT6 overexpression via ubiquitinating TRPV1. Capsaicin was utilized in SIRT6-overexpressed cells. Capsaicin therapy counteracted the effect of SIRT6 overexpression on OD, and markedly decreased OD. CONCLUSIONS The SIRT6-TRPV1-CGRP signal axis is the key to regulating OD in hMSCs, which could be a potential therapeutic target for osteoporosis and bone loss-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Yongfu Liu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Mian Xie
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Guancheng Guo
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
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Sirtuins and SIRT6 in Carcinogenesis and in Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194945. [PMID: 31591350 PMCID: PMC6801518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are a highly conserved family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent protein lysine modifying enzymes. They are key regulators for a wide variety of cellular and physiological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, DNA damage and stress response, genome stability, cell survival, metabolism, energy homeostasis, organ development and aging. Aging is one of the major risk factors of cancer, as many of the physiological mechanisms and pathologies associated with the aging process also contribute to tumor initiation, growth and/or metastasis. This review focuses on one the mammalian sirtuins, SIRT6, which has emerged as an important regulator of longevity and appears to have multiple biochemical functions that interfere with tumor development and may be useful in cancer prevention and for site-specific treatment. The recent evidence of the role of SIRT6 in carcinogenesis is also discussed, focusing on the potential use of SIRT6 modulators in cancer nanomedicine.
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23
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The PPI network analysis of mRNA expression profile of uterus from primary dysmenorrheal rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:351. [PMID: 29321498 PMCID: PMC5762641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanisms of molecular regulations underlying primary dysmenorrhea (PD), we used our previously published mRNA expression profile of uterus from PD syndrome rats to construct protein-protein interactions (PPI) network via STRING Interactome. Consequently, 34 subnetworks, including a "continent" (Subnetwork 1) and 33 "islands" (Subnetwork 2-34) were generated. The nodes, with relative expression ratios, were visualized in the PPI networks and their connections were identified. Through path and module exploring in the network, the bridges were found from pathways of cellular response to calcium ion, SMAD protein signal transduction, regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to stress and muscle stretch that were significantly enriched by the up-regulated mRNAs, to the cascades of cAMP metabolic processes and positive regulation of cyclase activities by the down-regulated ones. This link is mainly dependent on Fos/Jun - Vip connection. Our data, for the first time, report the PPI network analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs in the uterus of PD syndrome rats, to give insight into screening drugs and find new therapeutic strategies to relieve PD.
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Huang K, Bao H, Yan ZQ, Wang L, Zhang P, Yao QP, Shi Q, Chen XH, Wang KX, Shen BR, Qi YX, Jiang ZL. MicroRNA-33 protects against neointimal hyperplasia induced by arterial mechanical stretch in the grafted vein. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 113:488-497. [PMID: 28137944 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Mechanical factors play significant roles in neointimal hyperplasia after vein grafting, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the roles of microRNA-33 (miR-33) in neointimal hyperplasia induced by arterial mechanical stretch after vein grafting. Methods and results Grafted veins were generated by the 'cuff' technique. Neointimal hyperplasia and cell proliferation was significantly increased, and miR-33 expression was decreased after 1-, 2-, and 4-week grafts. In contrast, the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 3 (BMP3), which is a putative target of miR-33, and the phosphorylation of smad2 and smad5, which are potential downstream targets of BMP3, were increased in the grafted veins. miR-33 mimics/inhibitor and dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed the interaction of miR-33 and BMP3. miR-33 mimics attenuated, while miR-33 inhibitor accelerated, proliferation of venous smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Moreover, recombinant BMP3 increased SMC proliferation and P-smad2 and P-smad5 levels, whereas BMP3-directed siRNAs had the opposite effect. Then, venous SMCs were exposed to a 10%-1.25 Hz cyclic stretch (arterial stretch) by using the FX4000 cyclic stretch loading system in vitro to mimic arterial mechanical conditions. The arterial stretch increased venous SMC proliferation and repressed miR-33 expression, but enhanced BMP3 expression and smad2 and smad5 phosphorylation. Furthermore, perivascular multi-point injection in vivo demonstrated that agomiR-33 not only attenuates BMP3 expression and smad2 and smad5 phosphorylation, but also slows neointimal formation and cell proliferation in grafted veins. These effects of agomiR-33 on grafted veins could be reversed by local injection of BMP3 lentivirus. Conclusion The miR-33-BMP3-smad signalling pathway protects against venous SMC proliferation in response to the arterial stretch. miR-33 is a target that attenuates neointimal hyperplasia in grafted vessels and may have potential clinical applications.
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MESH Headings
- 3' Untranslated Regions
- Animals
- Antagomirs/genetics
- Antagomirs/metabolism
- Binding Sites
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 3/genetics
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 3/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Hyperplasia
- Jugular Veins/metabolism
- Jugular Veins/pathology
- Jugular Veins/transplantation
- Male
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/transplantation
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/transplantation
- Neointima
- Phosphorylation
- RNA Interference
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Smad2 Protein/metabolism
- Smad5 Protein/metabolism
- Stress, Mechanical
- Time Factors
- Transfection
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25
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Huhtinen A, Hongisto V, Laiho A, Löyttyniemi E, Pijnenburg D, Scheinin M. Gene expression profiles and signaling mechanisms in α 2B-adrenoceptor-evoked proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2017; 11:65. [PMID: 28659168 PMCID: PMC5490158 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-017-0439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α2-adrenoceptors are important regulators of vascular tone and blood pressure. Regulation of cell proliferation is a less well investigated consequence of α2-adrenoceptor activation. We have previously shown that α2B-adrenoceptor activation stimulates proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This may be important for blood vessel development and plasticity and for the pathology and therapeutics of cardiovascular disorders. The underlying cellular mechanisms have remained mostly unknown. This study explored pathways of regulation of gene expression and intracellular signaling related to α2B-adrenoceptor-evoked VSMC proliferation. RESULTS The cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways of α2B-adrenoceptor-evoked proliferation of VSMCs are complex and include redundancy. Functional enrichment analysis and pathway analysis identified differentially expressed genes associated with α2B-adrenoceptor-regulated VSMC proliferation. They included the upregulated genes Egr1, F3, Ptgs2 and Serpine1 and the downregulated genes Cx3cl1, Cav1, Rhoa, Nppb and Prrx1. The most highly upregulated gene, Lypd8, represents a novel finding in the VSMC context. Inhibitor library screening and kinase activity profiling were applied to identify kinases in the involved signaling pathways. Putative upstream kinases identified by two different screens included PKC, Raf-1, Src, the MAP kinases p38 and JNK and the receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and HGF/HGFR. As a novel finding, the Src family kinase Lyn was also identified as a putative upstream kinase. CONCLUSIONS α2B-adrenoceptors may mediate their pro-proliferative effects in VSMCs by promoting the activity of bFGF and PDGF and the growth factor receptors EGFR, HGFR and VEGFR-1/2. The Src family kinase Lyn was also identified as a putative upstream kinase. Lyn is known to be expressed in VSMCs and has been identified as an important regulator of GPCR trafficking and GPCR effects on cell proliferation. Identified Ser/Thr kinases included several PKC isoforms and the β-adrenoceptor kinases 1 and 2. Cross-talk between the signaling mechanisms involved in α2B-adrenoceptor-evoked VSMC proliferation thus appears to involve PKC activation, subsequent changes in gene expression, transactivation of EGFR, and modulation of kinase activities and growth factor-mediated signaling. While many of the identified individual signals were relatively small in terms of effect size, many of them were validated by combining pathway analysis and our integrated screening approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Huhtinen
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Hongisto
- Toxicology Division, Misvik Biology Oy, Turku, Finland
| | - Asta Laiho
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Dirk Pijnenburg
- PamGene International BV, Wolvenhoek 10, 5211HH s’Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Mika Scheinin
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Abstract
Sirtuins are pleiotropic NAD+ dependent histone deacetylases involved in metabolism, DNA damage repair, inflammation and stress resistance. SIRT6, a member of the sirtuin family, regulates the process of normal aging and increases the lifespan of male mice over-expressing Sirt6 by 15%. Neurogenesis, the formation of new neurons within the hippocampus of adult mammals, involves several complex stages including stem cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and network integration. During aging, the number of newly generated neurons continuously declines, and this is correlated with a decline in neuronal plasticity and cognitive behavior. In this study we investigated the involvement of SIRT6 in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Mice over-expressing Sirt6 exhibit increased numbers of young neurons and decreased numbers of mature neurons, without affecting glial differentiation. This implies of an involvement of SIRT6 in neuronal differentiation and maturation within the hippocampus. This work adds to the expanding body of knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms underlying adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and describes novel roles for SIRT6 as a regulator of cell fate during adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eitan Okun
- The Mina and Everard Goodman faculty of Life sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Paul Feder Laboratory on Alzheimer's disease research, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniel Marton
- The Mina and Everard Goodman faculty of Life sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Daniel Cohen
- The Mina and Everard Goodman faculty of Life sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Kathleen Griffioen
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Yariv Kanfi
- The Mina and Everard Goodman faculty of Life sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tomer Illouz
- The Mina and Everard Goodman faculty of Life sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ravit Madar
- The Mina and Everard Goodman faculty of Life sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Haim Y. Cohen
- The Mina and Everard Goodman faculty of Life sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Vitiello M, Zullo A, Servillo L, Mancini FP, Borriello A, Giovane A, Della Ragione F, D'Onofrio N, Balestrieri ML. Multiple pathways of SIRT6 at the crossroads in the control of longevity, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 35:301-311. [PMID: 27829173 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the sirtuin family NAD+-dependent deacetylases with multiple roles in controlling organism homeostasis, lifespan, and diseases. Due to its complex and opposite functional roles, this sirtuin is considered a two-edged sword in health and disease. Indeed, SIRT6 improves longevity, similarly to the founding yeast member, silent information regulator-2 (Sir2), and modulates genome stability, telomere integrity, transcription, and DNA repair. Its deficiency is associated with chronic inflammation, diabetes, cardiac hypertrophy, obesity, liver dysfunction, muscle/adipocyte disorders, and cancer. Besides, pieces of evidence showed that SIRT6 is a promoter of specific oncogenic pathways, thus disclosing its dual role regarding cancer development. Collectively, these findings suggest that multiple mechanisms, to date not entirely known, underlie the intriguing roles of SIRT6. Here we provide an overview of the current molecular mechanisms through which SIRT6 controls cancer and heart diseases, and describe its recent implications in the atherosclerotic plaque development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Vitiello
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Zullo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy; CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Servillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Adriana Borriello
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Giovane
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Fulvio Della Ragione
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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28
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Wang L, Ma L, Pang S, Huang J, Yan B. Sequence Variants of SIRT6 Gene Promoter in Myocardial Infarction. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:185-90. [PMID: 26886147 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2015.0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Coronary artery disease (CAD), including myocardial infarction (MI), is a common complex disease caused by atherosclerosis. Although more than 50 genetic variants have been associated with CAD, these loci collectively account for only 10% of CAD cases. Genetic variants of low and rare frequencies have been proposed as the main causes of CAD. SIRT6, one of the highly conserved NAD-dependent class III deacetylases, has been implicated in cardiovascular diseases. Considering the important roles that SIRT6 plays in the cardiovascular system, inflammation, and lipid and cholesterol metabolism, genetic variants were hypothesized to contribute to MI development. METHODS The promoter regions of the SIRT6 gene were genetically analyzed in large cohorts of MI patients (n = 371) and ethnically-matched controls (n = 383). RESULTS A total of 15 DNA sequence variants (DSVs) were identified, including seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Two novel heterozygous DSVs, g.4183823G>C and g.4183742G>A, were identified in two MI patients but in none of the controls. Two SNPs, g.4183685T>C (rs4359565) and g.4182942C>A (rs3760905), were found in MI patients with significantly higher frequencies compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS These DSVs identified in MI patients may alter the transcriptional activity of the SIRT6 gene promoter and alter SIRT6 levels which might contribute to the risk of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekun Wang
- 1 College of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
| | - Ling Ma
- 2 Division of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
| | - Shuchao Pang
- 3 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
| | - Jian Huang
- 3 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
| | - Bo Yan
- 3 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University , Jining, China .,4 Shandong Provincial Sino-US Cooperation Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
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Pei C, Qin S, Wang M, Zhang S. Regulatory mechanism of human vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic transformation induced by NELIN. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7310-6. [PMID: 26458985 PMCID: PMC4626202 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular disorders, including hypertension, atherosclerosis and restenosis, arise from dysregulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation, which can be controlled by regulatory factors. The present study investigated the regulatory mechanism of the phenotypic transformation of human VSMCs by NELIN in order to evaluate its potential as a preventive and therapeutic of vascular disorders. An in vitro model of NELIN-overexpressing VSMCs was prepared by transfection with a lentiviral (LV) vector (NELIN-VSMCs) and NELIN was slienced using an a lentiviral vector with small interfering (si)RNA in another group (LV-NELIN-siRNA-VSMCs). The effects of NELIN overexpression or knockdown on the phenotypic transformation of human VSMCs were observed, and its regulatory mechanism was studied. Compared with the control group, cells in the NELIN-VSMCs group presented a contractile phenotype with a significant increase of NELIN mRNA, NELIN protein, smooth muscle (SM)α-actin and total Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) protein expression. The intra-nuclear translocation of SMα-actin-serum response factor (SMα-actin-SRF) occurred in these cells simultaneously. Following exposure to Rho kinsase inhibitor Y-27632, SRF and SMα-actin expression decreased. However, cells in the LV-NELIN-siRNA-VSMCs group presented a synthetic phenotype, and the expression of NELIN mRNA, NELIN protein, SMα-actin protein and total RhoA protein was decreased. The occurrence of SRF extra-nuclear translocation was observed. In conclusion, the present study suggested that NELIN was able to activate regulatory factors of SMα-actin, RhoA and SRF successively in human VSMCs cultured in vitro. Furthermore, NELIN-induced phenotypic transformation of human VSMCs was regulated via the RhoA/SRF signaling pathway. The results of the present study provide a foundation for the use of NELIN in preventive and therapeutic treatment of vascular remodeling diseases, including varicosity and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changan Pei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Shiyong Qin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Minghai Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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30
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Dong C, Della-Morte D, Cabral D, Wang L, Blanton SH, Seemant C, Sacco RL, Rundek T. Sirtuin/uncoupling protein gene variants and carotid plaque area and morphology. Int J Stroke 2015; 10:1247-52. [PMID: 26332421 DOI: 10.1111/ijs.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sirtuins and uncoupling proteins have been implicated in cardiovascular diseases by controlling oxidative stress. AIMS We sought to investigate the association of sirtuins and uncoupling proteins single nucleotide polymorphisms with total carotid plaque area and morphology measured by ultrasonographic gray scale median. METHODS We analyzed 1356 stroke-free subjects (60% women, mean age = 68 ± 9 years) from the Northern Manhattan Study. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the association of 85 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 11 sirtuins/uncoupling protein genes with total plaque area and gray scale median after controlling for demographics, vascular risk factors (RFs), and population stratification. We investigated effect modifications of these relationship by gender and RFs and performed stratified analysis if the interaction effect had P < 0·005. RESULTS Among individuals with present plaque (55%), the mean total plaque area was 20·3 ± 20·8 mm(2) and gray scale median 90 ± 29. After adjustment, SIRT6 rs107251 was significantly associated with total plaque area (β = 0·30 per copy of T allele increase, Bonferroni-corrected P = 0·005). T allele carriers of rs1430583 in UCP1 showed a decreased gray scale median in women but not in men. The minor allele carriers of rs4980329 and rs12363280 in SIRT3 had higher gray scale median in men but not in women. Variants in UCP3 gene were significantly associated with higher mean gray scale median in individuals with dyslipidemia. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in SIRT6/UCP1 genes may be important for increased carotid plaque burden and echodensity, but translation of these findings to an individual risk of cerebrovascular events needs further investigation. Significant associations of rs1430583 in women, rs12363280 in men, and rs1685354 in those with dyslipidemia also deserve further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhui Dong
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - David Della-Morte
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Digna Cabral
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Liyong Wang
- John T. McDonald Department of Human Genetics, John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Susan H Blanton
- John T. McDonald Department of Human Genetics, John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Chaturvedi Seemant
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ralph L Sacco
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,John T. McDonald Department of Human Genetics, John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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31
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Variability in vascular smooth muscle cell stretch-induced responses in 2D culture. Vasc Cell 2015; 7:7. [PMID: 26301087 PMCID: PMC4546126 DOI: 10.1186/s13221-015-0032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulsatile nature of blood flow exposes vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the vessel wall to mechanical stress, in the form of circumferential and longitudinal stretch. Cyclic stretch evokes VSMC proliferation, apoptosis, phenotypic switching, migration, alignment, and vascular remodeling. Given that these responses have been observed in many cardiovascular diseases, a defined understanding of their underlying mechanisms may provide critical insight into the pathophysiology of cardiovascular derangements. Cyclic stretch-triggered VSMC responses and their effector mechanisms have been studied in vitro using tension systems that apply either uniaxial or equibiaxial stretch to cells grown on an elastomer-bottomed culture plate and ex vivo by stretching whole vein segments with small weights. This review will focus mainly on VSMC responses to the in vitro application of mechanical stress, outlining the inconsistencies in acquired data, and comparing them to in vivo or ex vivo findings. Major discrepancies in data have been seen in mechanical stress-induced proliferation, apoptosis, and phenotypic switching responses, depending on the stretch conditions. These discrepancies stem from variations in stretch conditions such as degree, axis, duration, and frequency of stretch, wave function, membrane coating, cell type, cell passage number, culture media content, and choice of in vitro model. Further knowledge into the variables that cause these incongruities will allow for improvement of the in vitro application of cyclic stretch.
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32
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Ren Y, Du C, Yan L, Wei J, Wu H, Shi Y, Duan H. CTGF siRNA ameliorates tubular cell apoptosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in obstructed mouse kidneys in a Sirt1-independent manner. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:4155-71. [PMID: 26257513 PMCID: PMC4527372 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s86748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic kidney disease. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a critical fibrogenic mediator of TGF-β1. Mammalian sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) is reported to attenuate renal fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β1 pathway. This study was designed to detect whether the delivery of CTGF siRNA in vivo directly ameliorates renal fibrosis. Furthermore, the relationship with Sirt1 underlying the protective effect of CTGF siRNA on interstitial fibrosis and apoptosis was explored. Here, we report that the expressions of CTGF and TGF-β1 were increased while Sirt1 expression and activity were both dramatically decreased in mouse kidneys with unilateral ureteral obstruction. Recombinant human TGF-β1 treatment in HK-2 cells increased CTGF levels and remarkably decreased Sirt1 levels and was accompanied by apoptosis and release of fibrosis-related factors. Recombinant human CTGF stimulation also directly induced apoptosis and fibrosis. The CTGF siRNA plasmid ameliorated tubular cell apoptosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, but did not affect Sirt1 expression and activity both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, overexpression of Sirt1 abolished TGF-β1-induced cell apoptosis and fibrosis, while Sirt1 overexpression suppressed CTGF expression via stimulation by TGF-β1. This study provides evidence that treatment strategies involving the delivery of siRNA targeting potentially therapeutic transgenes may be efficacious. Our results suggest that the decrease in Sirt1 is associated with the upregulated expression of CTGF in renal fibrosis, and may aid in the design of new therapies for the prevention of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhuo Ren
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Du
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingying Wei
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijiang Wu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Duan
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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33
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Sun K, Xiang X, Li N, Huang S, Qin X, Wu Y, Tang X, Gao P, Li J, Wu T, Chen D, Hu Y. Gene-Diet Interaction between SIRT6 and Soybean Intake for Different Levels of Pulse Wave Velocity. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:14338-52. [PMID: 26114387 PMCID: PMC4519845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160714338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean is a common food for the Chinese people. We aimed to investigate the risk for brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) with inflammatory-related SNPs and soybean. baPWV was measured, and 16 inflammatory-related SNPs located on ADIPOQ, CDH13, SIRT3, SIRT6, CXCL12, CXCR4, NOS1, PON1 and CDKN2B were genotyped in 1749 Chinese participants recruited from various communities. ADIPOQ rs12495941 (GT/TT vs. GG: crude OR = 1.27, p = 0.044) and SIRT6 rs107251 (CT/TT vs. CC: crude OR = 0.74, p = 0.009) were associated with abnormal baPWV (baPWV ≥ 1700 cm/s). After adjustment for conventional environmental risk factors, rs12495941 was associated with abnormal baPWV (GT/TT vs. GG: adjusted OR = 1.43, p = 0.011), but the association between rs107251 and abnormal baPWV was not significant (CT/TT vs. CC: adjusted OR = 0.83, p = 0.173). The interaction between rs107251 and soybean intake for different levels of baPWV was statistically significant (p = 0.017). Compared with a high level of soybean intake, a low level of soybean intake can significantly decrease the risk of abnormal baPWV in individuals of rs107251 CT/TT genotypes (≤100 vs. >100 g/week: adjusted OR = 0.542, p = 0.003). In this study, associations between ADIPOQ rs12495941, SIRT6 rs107251 and baPWV, as well as an interaction between SIRT6 rs107251 and soybean intake for different levels of baPWV were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xiao Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Na Li
- Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102401, China.
| | - Shaoping Huang
- Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102401, China.
| | - Xueying Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xun Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Pei Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Dafang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
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34
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Sirtuins in vascular diseases: Emerging roles and therapeutic potential. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1311-22. [PMID: 25766107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Silent information regulator-2 (Sir-2) proteins, or sirtuins, are a highly conserved protein family of histone deacetylases that promote longevity by mediating many of the beneficial effects of calorie restriction which extends life span and reduces the incidence of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes. Here, we review the role of sirtuins (SIRT1-7) in vascular homeostasis and diseases by providing an update on the latest knowledge about their roles in endothelial damage and vascular repair mechanisms. Among all sirtuins, in the light of the numerous functions reported on SIRT1 in the vascular system, herein we discuss its roles not only in the control of endothelial cells (EC) functionality but also in other cell types beyond EC, including endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), smooth muscle cells (SMC), and immune cells. Furthermore, we also provide an update on the growing field of compounds under clinical evaluation for the modulation of SIRT1 which, at the state of the art, represents the most promising target for the development of novel drugs against CVD, especially when concomitant with type 2 diabetes.
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