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Bhardwaj R, Mishra P. Engineered Recombinant EGFP-Azurin Theranostic Nanosystem for Targeted Therapy of Prostate Cancer. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:6066-6078. [PMID: 37906960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptors and their ligands, ephrins, are the largest subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that have emerged as a new class of cancer biomarkers due to their aberrant expression in cancer progression. The activation of Eph receptors either due to their hyperexpression or via high affinity binding with their respective ephrin ligands initiates a cascade of signals that impacts cancer development and progression. In prostate cancer, the overexpression of the EphA6 receptor has been correlated with increased metastatic potential. Azurin, a small redox protein, is known to prevent tumor progression by binding to cell surface Eph receptors, inhibiting its autophosphorylation in the kinase domain and thereby disrupting Eph-ephrin signaling. Hence, a self-assembled, theranostic nanosystem of recombinant fusion protein his6EGFP-azu (80-128) was designed by conjugating enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) with the C-terminal region of azurin. This design was inspired by the in silico binding study, where the analogue of ephrinA, his6EGFP-azu (80-128) showed higher binding affinity for the EphA6 receptor than the ephrinA ligands. The his6EGFP-azu (80-128) nanosystem which assembled as nanoparticles was tested for its ability to simultaneously detect and kill the prostate cancer cells, LNCaP. This was achieved by specifically targeting EphA6 receptors overexpressed on the cancer cell surface via C-terminal peptide, azu (80-128). Herein, we report antiproliferative, apoptotic, antimigratory, and anti-invasive effects of this nanosystem on LNCaP cells, while having no similar effects on EphA6 negative human normal lung cells, WI-38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Bhardwaj
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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Baumann KE, Siamakpour-Reihani S, Dottino J, Dai Y, Bentley R, Jiang C, Zhang D, Sibley AB, Zhou C, Berchuck A, Owzar K, Bae-Jump V, Secord AA. High-fat diet and obesity are associated with differential angiogenic gene expression in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2023; 179:97-105. [PMID: 37956617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the association between diet and angiogenic biomarkers in KpB mice, and the association between these markers, body mass index (BMI), and overall survival (OS) in high-grade serous cancers (HGSC). METHODS Tumors previously obtained from KpB mice subjected to high-fat diets (HFD, n = 10) or low-fat diets (LFD, n = 10) were evaluated for angiogenesis based on CD-31 microvessel density (MVD). Data from prior microarray analysis (Agilent 244 K arrays) conducted in 10 mice were utilized to assess associations between diet and angiogenetic biomarkers. Agilent (mouse) and Affymetrix Human Genome U133a probes were linked to 162 angiogenic-related genes. The associations between biomarkers, BMI, and OS were evaluated in an HGSC internal database (IDB) (n = 40). Genes with unadjusted p < 0.05 were evaluated for association with OS in the TCGA-OV database (n = 339). RESULTS There was no association between CD-31 and diet in mice (p = 0.66). Sixteen angiogenic-related genes passed the p < 0.05 threshold for association with HFD vs. LFD. Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGFA) demonstrated 72% higher expression in HFD vs. LFD mice (p = 0.04). Similar to the mouse study, in our HGSC IDB, higher TGFA expression correlated with higher BMI (p = 0.01) and shorter survival (p = 0.001). In the TCGA-OV dataset, BMI data was not available and there was no association between TGFA and OS (p = 0.48). CONCLUSIONS HFD and obesity may promote tumor progression via differential modulation of TGFA. We were unable to confirm this finding in the TCGA dataset. Further evaluation of TGFA is needed to determine if this is a target unique to obesity-driven HGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Baumann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Joseph Dottino
- Department of Medicine, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanwan Dai
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rex Bentley
- Department of Pathology, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chen Jiang
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dadong Zhang
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kouros Owzar
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Victoria Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Angeles Alvarez Secord
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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Ma Y, Zhu G, Feng L, Jiang S, Xiang Q, Wang J. Efficient Cytotoxicity of Recombinant Azurin in Escherichia coli Nissle 1917-Derived Minicells against Colon Cancer Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1188. [PMID: 37892918 PMCID: PMC10603951 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared to chemical drugs, therapeutic proteins exhibit higher specificity and activity and are generally well-tolerated by the human body. However, the limitations, such as poor stability both in vivo and in vitro as well as difficulties in penetrating cell membranes, hinder their widespread application. To overcome the challenges, a highly efficient protocol was developed and implemented for the recombinant expression of the therapeutic protein azurin and secretion into minicells derived from probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917. The novel coupled production with a delivery system of therapeutic proteins based on minicells was obtained through purification to enhance protein activity, circulation characteristics, and targeting specificity. This protein drug carrier integrates the production of carrier materials and the loading of expression proteins. The drug carrier also protects the encapsulated polypeptide drugs from enzymatic or gastric acid degradation until they are released. Escherichia coli Nissle 1917-derived minicells have natural targeting to colon cancer cells, low toxicity, and can accumulate for a long time after penetrating tumor tissue. This self-produced protein drug delivery system simplified the process of protein preparation, and its inhibitory effect on different types of colon cancer cells was verified by CCK-8 cytotoxicity assay, cancer cell invasion, and migration assay. This work provided a simple method to prepare minicell drug delivery systems for protein drug production and a novel approach for the transport of recombinant protein drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ma
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guanshu Zhu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lan Feng
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shoujin Jiang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qi Xiang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Hanover G, Vizeacoumar FS, Banerjee SL, Nair R, Dahiya R, Osornio-Hernandez AI, Morales AM, Freywald T, Himanen JP, Toosi BM, Bisson N, Vizeacoumar FJ, Freywald A. Integration of cancer-related genetic landscape of Eph receptors and ephrins with proteomics identifies a crosstalk between EPHB6 and EGFR. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112670. [PMID: 37392382 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Eph receptors and their ephrin ligands are viewed as promising targets for cancer treatment; however, targeting them is hindered by their context-dependent functionalities. To circumvent this, we explore molecular landscapes underlying their pro- and anti-malignant activities. Using unbiased bioinformatics approaches, we construct a cancer-related network of genetic interactions (GIs) of all Ephs and ephrins to assist in their therapeutic manipulation. We also apply genetic screening and BioID proteomics and integrate them with machine learning approaches to select the most relevant GIs of one Eph receptor, EPHB6. This identifies a crosstalk between EPHB6 and EGFR, and further experiments confirm the ability of EPHB6 to modulate EGFR signaling, enhancing the proliferation of cancer cells and tumor development. Taken together, our observations show EPHB6 involvement in EGFR action, suggesting its targeting might be beneficial in EGFR-dependent tumors, and confirm that the Eph family genetic interactome presented here can be effectively exploited in developing cancer treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glinton Hanover
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, Room 2841, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, GA20 Health Sciences, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Frederick S Vizeacoumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, Room 2841, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Sara L Banerjee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, PROTEO and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Quebec-Université Laval, Division Oncologie, 9 Rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Raveena Nair
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, Room 2841, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, GA20 Health Sciences, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Renuka Dahiya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, Room 2841, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Ana I Osornio-Hernandez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, PROTEO and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Quebec-Université Laval, Division Oncologie, 9 Rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Alain Morejon Morales
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, Room 2841, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, GA20 Health Sciences, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Tanya Freywald
- Cancer Research, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency and Division of Oncology, University of Saskatchewan, 4D30.2 Health Sciences Building, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Juha P Himanen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Behzad M Toosi
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Nicolas Bisson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, PROTEO and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Quebec-Université Laval, Division Oncologie, 9 Rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.
| | - Franco J Vizeacoumar
- Cancer Research, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency and Division of Oncology, University of Saskatchewan, 4D30.2 Health Sciences Building, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
| | - Andrew Freywald
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, Room 2841, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada.
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Yang X, Batmanov K, Hu W, Zhu K, Tom AY, Guan D, Jiang C, Cheng L, McCright SJ, Yang EC, Lanza MR, Liu Y, Hill DA, Lazar MA. Hepatocytes demarcated by EphB2 contribute to the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadc9653. [PMID: 36753562 PMCID: PMC10234568 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adc9653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Current therapeutic strategies for treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have failed to alleviate liver fibrosis, which is a devastating feature leading to hepatic dysfunction. Here, we integrated single-nucleus transcriptomics and epigenomics to characterize all major liver cell types during NASH development in mice and humans. The bifurcation of hepatocyte trajectory with NASH progression was conserved between mice and humans. At the nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) stage, hepatocytes exhibited metabolic adaptation, whereas at the NASH stage, a subset of hepatocytes was enriched for the signatures of cell adhesion and migration, which were mainly demarcated by receptor tyrosine kinase ephrin type B receptor 2 (EphB2). EphB2, acting as a downstream effector of Notch signaling in hepatocytes, was sufficient to induce cell-autonomous inflammation. Knockdown of Ephb2 in hepatocytes ameliorated inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of NASH. Thus, EphB2-expressing hepatocytes contribute to NASH progression and may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kirill Batmanov
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wenxiang Hu
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Basic Research, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangdong 510005, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alexander Y. Tom
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dongyin Guan
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunjie Jiang
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lan Cheng
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sam J. McCright
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA19104, USA
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104, USA
| | - Eric C. Yang
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew R. Lanza
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yifan Liu
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David A. Hill
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104, USA
| | - Mitchell A. Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Lead Contact
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6
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Venkitachalam S, Babu D, Ravillah D, Katabathula RM, Joseph P, Singh S, Udhayakumar B, Miao Y, Martinez-Uribe O, Hogue JA, Kresak AM, Dawson D, LaFramboise T, Willis JE, Chak A, Garman KS, Blum AE, Varadan V, Guda K. The Ephrin B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Is a Regulator of Proto-oncogene MYC and Molecular Programs Central to Barrett's Neoplasia. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:1228-1241. [PMID: 35870513 PMCID: PMC9613614 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mechanisms contributing to the onset and progression of Barrett's (BE)-associated esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) remain elusive. Here, we interrogated the major signaling pathways deregulated early in the development of Barrett's neoplasia. METHODS Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing analysis was performed in primary BE, EAC, normal esophageal squamous, and gastric biopsy tissues (n = 89). Select pathway components were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in an independent cohort of premalignant and malignant biopsy tissues (n = 885). Functional impact of selected pathway was interrogated using transcriptomic, proteomic, and pharmacogenetic analyses in mammalian esophageal organotypic and patient-derived BE/EAC cell line models, in vitro and/or in vivo. RESULTS The vast majority of primary BE/EAC tissues and cell line models showed hyperactivation of EphB2 signaling. Transcriptomic/proteomic analyses identified EphB2 as an endogenous binding partner of MYC binding protein 2, and an upstream regulator of c-MYC. Knockdown of EphB2 significantly impeded the viability/proliferation of EAC and BE cells in vitro/in vivo. Activation of EphB2 in normal esophageal squamous 3-dimensional organotypes disrupted epithelial maturation and promoted columnar differentiation programs, notably including MYC. EphB2 and MYC showed selective induction in esophageal submucosal glands with acinar ductal metaplasia, and in a porcine model of BE-like esophageal submucosal gland spheroids. Clinically approved inhibitors of MEK, a protein kinase that regulates MYC, effectively suppressed EAC tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The EphB2 signaling is frequently hyperactivated across the BE-EAC continuum. EphB2 is an upstream regulator of MYC, and activation of EphB2-MYC axis likely precedes BE development. Targeting EphB2/MYC could be a promising therapeutic strategy for this often refractory and aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srividya Venkitachalam
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Deepak Babu
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Durgadevi Ravillah
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ramachandra M Katabathula
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Peronne Joseph
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Salendra Singh
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Bhavatharini Udhayakumar
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yanling Miao
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Omar Martinez-Uribe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joyce A Hogue
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Adam M Kresak
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Dawn Dawson
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thomas LaFramboise
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Joseph E Willis
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amitabh Chak
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Katherine S Garman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrew E Blum
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Division of Gastroenterology, Northeast Ohio Veteran Affairs Healthcare System, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vinay Varadan
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Kishore Guda
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
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Chandrasekera P, Perfetto M, Lu C, Zhuo M, Bahudhanapati H, Li J, Chen WC, Kulkarni P, Christian L, Liu J, Yien YY, Yu C, Wei S. Metalloprotease ADAM9 cleaves ephrin-B ligands and differentially regulates Wnt and mTOR signaling downstream of Akt kinase in colorectal cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102225. [PMID: 35780836 PMCID: PMC9358476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ephrin-B signaling has been implicated in many normal and pathological processes, including neural crest development and tumor metastasis. We showed previously that proteolysis of ephrin-B ligands by the disintegrin metalloprotease ADAM13 is necessary for canonical Wnt signal activation and neural crest induction in Xenopus, but it was unclear if these mechanisms are conserved in mammals. Here, we report that mammalian ADAM9 cleaves ephrin-B1 and ephrin-B2 and can substitute for Xenopus ADAM13 to induce the neural crest. We found that ADAM9 expression is elevated in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and that knockdown (KD) of ADAM9 inhibits the migration and invasion of SW620 and HCT116 CRC cells by reducing the activity of Akt kinase, which is antagonized by ephrin-Bs. Akt is a signaling node that activates multiple downstream pathways, including the Wnt and mTOR pathways, both of which can promote CRC cell migration/invasion. Surprisingly, we also found that KD of ADAM9 downregulates Wnt signaling but has negligible effects on mTOR signaling in SW620 cells; in contrast, mTOR activity is suppressed while Wnt signaling remains unaffected by ADAM9 KD in HCT116 cells. These results suggest that mammalian ADAM9 cleaves ephrin-Bs to derepress Akt and promote CRC migration and invasion; however, the signaling pathways downstream of Akt are differentially regulated by ADAM9 in different CRC cell lines, reflecting the heterogeneity of CRC cells in responding to manipulations of upstream Akt regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Perfetto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Congyu Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Minghui Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | | | - Jiejing Li
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of KMUST, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Wei-Chih Chen
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Pallavi Kulkarni
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Laura Christian
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Yvette Y Yien
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chundong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuo Wei
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
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Pergaris A, Danas E, Gajdzis P, Levidou G, Gajdzis M, Cassoux N, Gardrat S, Donizy P, Korkolopoulou P, Kavantzas N, Klijanienko J, Theocharis S. EPHA2, EPHA4, and EPHA6 Expression in Uveal Melanomas: Searching for the Culprits of Neoplasia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12051025. [PMID: 35626181 PMCID: PMC9139903 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanomas (UMs) comprise the most common primary intraocular malignancies in adults, with the eye representing the second most common site for melanoma, following the skin. Prognosis remains poor, with approximately half of the cases presenting with metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular receptors (EPHs) comprise the largest known family of tyrosine receptors, in which, along with their ligands, ephrins, play an important role in a plethora of processes in human physiology, and are implicated in key steps of carcinogenesis. In the present study, EPHA2, EPHA4, and EPHA6 immunohistochemical expressions were investigated in UM tissues and further correlated to a multitude of clinicopathological parameters, including disease stage and patients’ overall survival (OS). High levels of EPHA2 expression were significantly associated with increased tumor vertical thickness (p = 0.03) and the presence of intrascleral involvement (p = 0.05), whereas high EPHA6 nuclear expression was associated with older age at diagnosis (p = 0.03) and absence of retinal detachment (p = 0.05). In a multivariate survival analysis, increased EPHA4 expression was associated with shortened OS along with the presence of metastasis (p < 0.001) and monosomy 3 (p = 0.02). In a separate model, the concurrent overexpression of at least two of the investigated EPHs (HR = 14.7, p = 0.03) also proved to be an independent poor prognostic factor. In conclusion, our results implicate these specific members of the EPHA group as potential biomarkers for disease prognosis as well as possible targets for the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Pergaris
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Bld. 10, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.D.); (G.L.); (P.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Eugene Danas
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Bld. 10, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.D.); (G.L.); (P.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Pawel Gajdzis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Wroclaw Medical
University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.G.); (P.D.)
| | - Georgia Levidou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Bld. 10, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.D.); (G.L.); (P.K.); (N.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Gajdzis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Nathalie Cassoux
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Sophie Gardrat
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Piotr Donizy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Wroclaw Medical
University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.G.); (P.D.)
| | - Penelope Korkolopoulou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Bld. 10, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.D.); (G.L.); (P.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Nikolaos Kavantzas
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Bld. 10, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.D.); (G.L.); (P.K.); (N.K.)
| | | | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Bld. 10, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.D.); (G.L.); (P.K.); (N.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-746-2116; Fax: +30-210-746-2157
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9
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Xie D, Wang Z, Li J, Guo DA, Lu A, Liang C. Targeted Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents for Osteosarcoma Treatment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:843345. [PMID: 35311145 PMCID: PMC8931218 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.843345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone cancer with unknown molecular pathways of etiology and pathophysiology, improving patient survival has long been a challenge. The conventional therapy is a complex multidisciplinary management that include radiotherapy, chemotherapy which followed by surgery and then post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy. However, they have severe side effects because the majority of the medicines used have just a minor selectivity for malignant tissue. As a result, treating tumor cells specifically without damaging healthy tissue is currently a primary goal in OS therapy. The coupling of chemotherapeutic drugs with targeting ligands is a unique therapy method for OS that, by active targeting, can overcome the aforementioned hurdles. This review focuses on advances in ligands and chemotherapeutic agents employed in targeted delivery to improve the capacity of active targeting and provide some insight into future therapeutic research for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoli Xie
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhuqian Wang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - De-an Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Liang, ; Aiping Lu,
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Liang, ; Aiping Lu,
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10
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Wang YC, Zheng WL, Yu W, Quan RL, Zhao YJ. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocyte kinase receptor A1 facilitating the prgression of SGC-7901 cells and its transplanted tumor by increasing the expression of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor in tumor microenvironment. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221125612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Many researches showed that Erythropoietin-producing hepatocyte kinase receptor A1 (EphA1) can promote the occurrence and development of malignant tumors and may be related to tumor microenvironment. But most of them are phenomenon studies, and there are few in-depth and complete mechanism studies. This study aims to understand how EphA1 promotes the progression of malignant tumors by regulating tumor microenvironment (focusing on Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) from two experimental dimensions of in vitro and in vivo by using genetic engineering technology. Material and Methods We used genetic engineering technology to enhance and knock down EphA1 gene expression in SGC-7901 cells, respectively, and analyzed its influence on cell function and the expression levels of VEGF and IL-6 in cells. Subsequently, we constructed human EphA1 gene overexpression, EphA1 gene silencing, and normal expression of human EphA1 gene subcutaneous transplanted tumor models of SGC-7901 cells nude mice, and analyzed the differences in tumor development and the changes in the expression levels of VEGF and ILl-6 in tumor tissues. Results After EphA1 gene expression was enhanced, the proliferation, invasion and migration of SGC-7901 cells were enhanced, and apoptosis was weakened, and the expression levels of VEGF and IL-6 were increased. While the opposite results were found when EphA1 gene expression were knocked down. Meanwhile, tumor formation time and growth rate of subcutaneous transplantation in nude mice were advanced and the expression levels of VEGF and IL-6 in tumor tissues were increased when EphA1 gene expression were overexpressed by genetic engineering technology. Similarly, the opposite effect occurred in transplanted tumor model when EphA1 gene was silenced. Conclusion Our study showed that EphA1 can up-regulating VEGF and IL-6 expression, thereby enhancing the inflammatory environment and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment, and this helps to promote the progression of SGC-7901 cells and its transplanted tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Cang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital (West District of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China), Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Lin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital (West District of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China), Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital (West District of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China), Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Liang Quan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital (West District of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China), Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Jun Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital (West District of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China), Hefei, P.R. China
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11
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Ephrin Receptors (Ephs) Expression in Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Prognostic Implications and Future Therapeutic Approaches. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11122265. [PMID: 34943502 PMCID: PMC8700455 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ephrin receptors (Ephs) are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) implicated in tissue development and homeostasis, and they are aberrantly expressed in tumors. Here, immunohistochemical Eph type-A and -B expression in thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) was assessed and correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Tissue microarrays from 98 TETs were stained for EphA1, -A2, -A4 -A6, -B1, -B2, -B4 and -B6. The relationship between neoplastic and lymphoid cell immunoreactivity score (H-score), histopathological parameters (Pearson’s test) and survival of 35 patients (Mantel-Cox model) was explored. Epithelial-rich subtypes showed higher EphA6 cytoplasmic H-score (B2/B3, carcinoma) (p < 0.001) and stronger EphA4 H-score (B3, carcinoma) (p = 0.011). The immature T-cells, especially in subtypes AB/B1, had higher EphB6 H-score than carcinoma-associated mature lymphocytes (p < 0.001); carcinomas had higher lymphocytic EphB1 H-score (p = 0.026). Higher lymphocytic and lower epithelial EphB6 H-score correlated with Masaoka stage ≤II (p = 0.043, p = 0.010, respectively). All cases showed variable epithelial and lymphocytic EphA2 expression, but clinicopathological associations were not reached. Our study confirmed that Eph type-A and -B expression in TETs is associated with established prognostic parameters, i.e., tumor subtype and Masaoka stage, although correlation with patient survival was not reached. Such findings suggest involvement of these RTKs in thymic neoplasia, as well as their potential utility as treatment targets.
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12
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Deng M, Tong R, Zhang Z, Wang T, Liang C, Zhou X, Hou G. EFNA3 as a predictor of clinical prognosis and immune checkpoint therapy efficacy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:535. [PMID: 34645436 PMCID: PMC8513303 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ephrin receptors (Eph) and their ligands, called ephrins, function in various disease processes. However, the expression level and prognostic value of Eph/ephrins in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are still unclear. METHODS The Oncomine and GEPIA databases were used to explore the differential expression of Eph/ephrins in LUAD. Kaplan-Meier plotter was selected to explore the prognostic value of Eph/ephrins. The cBioPortal database was used to analyze the genetic variation of the EFNA3 gene. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression level and clinical value of ephrin-A3 protein in clinical LUAD tissue. Weighted coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified the potential regulatory mechanism of EFNA3. CCK-8 assays and colony-forming experiments were used to investigate whether EFNA3 can regulate cell proliferation ability in LUAD. Analysis of lactate, ATP, and glucose uptake levels was used to explore the effect of EFNA3 on glycolysis ability. In addition, we investigated the relationship between EFNA3 and tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Finally, the potential immunotherapy response prediction value of EFNA3 was also explored. RESULTS In this study, we found that EFNA3 expression was significantly correlated with both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in LUAD patients based on a comprehensive analysis of the Eph/Ephrin family. Next, the expression of the EFNA3 protein was increased in LUAD tissues and was designated an independent prognostic risk factor. Mechanistically, EFNA3 may be involved in nuclear division, synaptic function, and ion channel activity-related pathways. In vitro experiments confirmed the role of EFNA3 in promoting LUAD cells and showed that it could regulate glycolytic capacity. Moreover, EFNA3 was negatively associated with immunity, stromal infiltration, and several TIICs. Finally, EFNA3 was found to be positively related to multiple immunotherapy biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, increased EFNA3 in LUAD patients predicted worse clinical prognosis, promoted LUAD cell proliferation and glycolysis ability, and was related to immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Run Tong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shenyang KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Chaonan Liang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Gang Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100029, China.
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China.
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13
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Lao K, Zhang R, Luan J, Zhang Y, Gou X. Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Amyloid-β Receptors and Transporters in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:1429-1442. [PMID: 33459712 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that has been recognized as one of the most intractable medical problems with heavy social and economic costs. Amyloid-β (Aβ) has been identified as a major factor that participates in AD progression through its neurotoxic effects. The major mechanism of Aβ-induced neurotoxicity is by interacting with membrane receptors and subsequent triggering of aberrant cellular signaling. Besides, Aβ transporters also plays an important role by affecting Aβ homeostasis. Thus, these Aβ receptors and transporters are potential targets for the development of AD therapies. Here, we summarize the reported therapeutic strategies targeting Aβ receptors and transporters to provide a molecular basis for future rational design of anti-AD agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejing Lao
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ruisan Zhang
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jing Luan
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
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14
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Light TP, Brun D, Guardado-Calvo P, Pederzoli R, Haouz A, Neipel F, Rey FA, Hristova K, Backovic M. Human herpesvirus 8 molecular mimicry of ephrin ligands facilitates cell entry and triggers EphA2 signaling. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001392. [PMID: 34499637 PMCID: PMC8454987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is an oncogenic virus that enters cells by fusion of the viral and endosomal cellular membranes in a process mediated by viral surface glycoproteins. One of the cellular receptors hijacked by HHV-8 to gain access to cells is the EphA2 tyrosine kinase receptor, and the mechanistic basis of EphA2-mediated viral entry remains unclear. Using X-ray structure analysis, targeted mutagenesis, and binding studies, we here show that the HHV-8 envelope glycoprotein complex H and L (gH/gL) binds with subnanomolar affinity to EphA2 via molecular mimicry of the receptor’s cellular ligands, ephrins (Eph family receptor interacting proteins), revealing a pivotal role for the conserved gH residue E52 and the amino-terminal peptide of gL. Using FSI-FRET and cell contraction assays, we further demonstrate that the gH/gL complex also functionally mimics ephrin ligand by inducing EphA2 receptor association via its dimerization interface, thus triggering receptor signaling for cytoskeleton remodeling. These results now provide novel insight into the entry mechanism of HHV-8, opening avenues for the search of therapeutic agents that could interfere with HHV-8–related diseases. Herpesviruses are known to hijack cellular receptors to enter cells, but this study shows that human herpesvirus 8 takes this to another level by using its envelope glycoprotein complex gH/gL to mimic the EphA2 receptor’s natural ligands, ephrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor P Light
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Delphine Brun
- Department of Virology, Structural Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Pablo Guardado-Calvo
- Department of Virology, Structural Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Riccardo Pederzoli
- Department of Virology, Structural Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Haouz
- CNRS, UMR 3569, Paris, France.,Crystallography Platform C2RT, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Frank Neipel
- Crystallography Platform C2RT, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Félix A Rey
- Department of Virology, Structural Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Kalina Hristova
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marija Backovic
- Department of Virology, Structural Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 3569, Paris, France
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15
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Satake E, Saulnier PJ, Kobayashi H, Gupta MK, Looker HC, Wilson JM, Md Dom ZI, Ihara K, O’Neil K, Krolewski B, Pipino C, Pavkov ME, Nair V, Bitzer M, Niewczas MA, Kretzler M, Mauer M, Doria A, Najafian B, Kulkarni RN, Duffin KL, Pezzolesi MG, Kahn CR, Nelson RG, Krolewski AS. Comprehensive Search for Novel Circulating miRNAs and Axon Guidance Pathway Proteins Associated with Risk of ESKD in Diabetes. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:2331-2351. [PMID: 34140396 PMCID: PMC8729832 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanisms underlying the pro gression of diabetic kidney disease to ESKD are not fully understood. METHODS We performed global microRNA (miRNA) analysis on plasma from two cohorts consisting of 375 individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with late diabetic kidney disease, and targeted proteomics analysis on plasma from four cohorts consisting of 746 individuals with late and early diabetic kidney disease. We examined structural lesions in kidney biopsy specimens from the 105 individuals with early diabetic kidney disease. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used to assess the effects of miRNA mimics or inhibitors on regulation of candidate proteins. RESULTS In the late diabetic kidney disease cohorts, we identified 17 circulating miRNAs, represented by four exemplars (miR-1287-5p, miR-197-5p, miR-339-5p, and miR-328-3p), that were strongly associated with 10-year risk of ESKD. These miRNAs targeted proteins in the axon guidance pathway. Circulating levels of six of these proteins-most notably, EFNA4 and EPHA2-were strongly associated with 10-year risk of ESKD in all cohorts. Furthermore, circulating levels of these proteins correlated with severity of structural lesions in kidney biopsy specimens. In contrast, expression levels of genes encoding these proteins had no apparent effects on the lesions. In in vitro experiments, mimics of miR-1287-5p and miR-197-5p and inhibitors of miR-339-5p and miR-328-3p upregulated concentrations of EPHA2 in either cell lysate, supernatant, or both. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals novel mechanisms involved in progression to ESKD and points to the importance of systemic factors in the development of diabetic kidney disease. Some circulating miRNAs and axon guidance pathway proteins represent potential targets for new therapies to prevent and treat this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichiro Satake
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pierre-Jean Saulnier
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona,Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center CIC1402, Poitiers, France
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Manoj K. Gupta
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Helen C. Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Jonathan M. Wilson
- Diabetes and Complication Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Zaipul I. Md Dom
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katsuhito Ihara
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kristina O’Neil
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bozena Krolewski
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caterina Pipino
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. d’Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Meda E. Pavkov
- Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Viji Nair
- Nephrology/Internal Medicine and Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Markus Bitzer
- Nephrology/Internal Medicine and Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Monika A. Niewczas
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Nephrology/Internal Medicine and Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael Mauer
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alessandro Doria
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Behzad Najafian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rohit N. Kulkarni
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kevin L. Duffin
- Diabetes and Complication Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Marcus G. Pezzolesi
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - C. Ronald Kahn
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert G. Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Andrzej S. Krolewski
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Mendoza FA, Piera-Velazquez S, Jimenez SA. Tyrosine kinases in the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis in systemic sclerosis and potential therapeutic role of their inhibition. Transl Res 2021; 231:139-158. [PMID: 33422651 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an idiopathic autoimmune disease with a heterogeneous clinical phenotype ranging from limited cutaneous involvement to rapidly progressive diffuse SSc. The most severe SSc clinical and pathologic manifestations result from an uncontrolled fibrotic process involving the skin and various internal organs. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the initiation and progression of the SSc fibrotic process have not been fully elucidated. Recently it has been suggested that tyrosine protein kinases play a role. The implicated kinases include receptor-activated tyrosine kinases and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. The receptor kinases are activated following specific binding of growth factors (platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, or vascular endothelial growth factor). Other receptor kinases are the discoidin domain receptors activated by binding of various collagens, the ephrin receptors that are activated by ephrins and the angiopoetin-Tie-2s receptors. The nonreceptor tyrosine kinases c-Abl, Src, Janus, and STATs have also been shown to participate in SSc-associated tissue fibrosis. Currently, there are no effective disease-modifying therapies for SSc-associated tissue fibrosis. Therefore, extensive investigation has been conducted to examine whether tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may exert antifibrotic effects. Here, we review the role of receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases in the pathogenesis of the frequently progressive cutaneous and systemic fibrotic alterations in SSc, and the potential of TKIs as SSc disease-modifying antifibrotic therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian A Mendoza
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sergio A Jimenez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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17
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Prioritization of Novel Agents for Patients with Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group (COG) New Agents for Rhabdomyosarcoma Task Force. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071416. [PMID: 33915882 PMCID: PMC8037615 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma diagnosed in children and adolescents. Patients that are diagnosed with advanced or relapsed disease have exceptionally poor outcomes. The Children’s Oncology Group (COG) convened a rhabdomyosarcoma new agent task force in 2020 to systematically evaluate novel agents for inclusion in phase 2 or phase 3 clinical trials for patients diagnosed with rhabdomyosarcoma, following a similar effort for Ewing sarcoma. The task force was comprised of clinicians and basic scientists who collectively identified new agents for evaluation and prioritization in clinical trial testing. Here, we report the work of the task force including the framework upon which the decisions were rendered and review the top classes of agents that were discussed. Representative agents include poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in combination with cytotoxic agents, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors in combination with type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR1) inhibitors, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, and novel cytotoxic agents.
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18
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Abeynayake N, Arthur A, Gronthos S. Crosstalk between skeletal and neural tissues is critical for skeletal health. Bone 2021; 142:115645. [PMID: 32949783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence in the literature describes a physical and functional association between the neural and skeletal systems that forms a neuro-osteogenic network. This communication between bone cells and neural tissues within the skeleton is important in facilitating bone skeletal growth, homeostasis and repair. The growth and repair of the skeleton is dependent on correct neural innervation for correct skeletal developmental growth and fracture repair, while pathological conditions such as osteoporosis are accelerated by disruptions to sympathetic innervation. To date, different molecular mechanisms have been reported to mediate communication between bone and neural populations. This review highlights the important role of various cell surface receptors, cytokines and associated ligands as potential regulators of skeletal development, homeostasis, and repair, by mediating interactions between the skeletal and nervous systems. Specifically, this review describes how Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), Eph/ephrin, Chemokine CXCL12, Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP), Netrins, Neurotrophins (NTs), Slit/Robo and the Semaphorins (Semas) contribute to the cross talk between bone cells and peripheral nerves, and the importance of these interactions in maintaining skeletal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nethmi Abeynayake
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Agnieszka Arthur
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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19
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Huang F, Shu Q, Qin Z, Tian J, Su Z, Huang Y, Gao M. Anticancer Actions of Azurin and Its Derived Peptide p28. Protein J 2020; 39:182-189. [PMID: 32180097 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-020-09891-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancers are a great threat to humans. In cancer therapy, surgical removal of the tumor combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the most routine treatment procedure and usually the most effective. However, radiotherapy and chemotherapy drugs that kill cancer cells efficiently also kill normal cells, thus exhibiting large side effects. Cancer-targeted drugs, which aim to specifically recognize proteins or signaling pathways associated with tumor proliferation and migration, have achieved marked progress in recent years. Azurin is a copper-containing redox protein secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Azurin and its derived peptide p28 preferentially enter a variety of cancer cells and induce apoptosis or cell cycle arrest. Mechanistic studies revealed that azurin and p28 target the p53 and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways as well as other pathways. Two phase I trials of p28 have been carried out, with findings that p28 is safe and exhibits anticancer activity in both adult and pediatric patients. In this review paper, we provide an up-to-date summary of progress on the anticancer mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for azurin and p28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianhui Shu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaojie Qin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianglin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengding Su
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
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20
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Yaghoubi A, Khazaei M, Avan A, Hasanian SM, Cho WC, Soleimanpour S. p28 Bacterial Peptide, as an Anticancer Agent. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1303. [PMID: 32850408 PMCID: PMC7424061 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality irrespective of the type of conventional chemotherapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new and effective anticancer therapeutic agents. Bacterial proteins and their derivative peptides appear as a promising approach for cancer treatment. Several, including an amphipathic, α-helical, 28-amino acid peptide derived from azurin, a 128-amino acid copper-containing redox protein secreted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, show clinical promise in the treatment of adult and pediatric solid tumors. The peptide, p28, is a post-translational, multi-target anticancer agent that preferentially enters a wide variety of solid tumor cells. Mechanistically, after entry, p28 has two major avenues of action. It binds to both wild-type and mutant p53 protein, inhibiting constitutional morphogenic protein 1 (Cop1)-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of p53. This results in increased levels of p53, which induce cell-cycle arrest at G2/M and an eventual apoptosis that results in tumor cell shrinkage and death. In addition, p28 also preferentially enters nascent endothelial cells and decreases the phosphorylation of FAK and Akt inhibiting endothelial cell motility and migration. Here, we review the current basic and clinical evidence suggesting the potential of p28 as a cancer therapeutic peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Yaghoubi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hasanian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical, Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Saman Soleimanpour
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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21
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Baudet S, Bécret J, Nicol X. Approaches to Manipulate Ephrin-A:EphA Forward Signaling Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13070140. [PMID: 32629797 PMCID: PMC7407804 DOI: 10.3390/ph13070140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma A (EphA) receptors and their ephrin-A ligands are key players of developmental events shaping the mature organism. Their expression is mostly restricted to stem cell niches in adults but is reactivated in pathological conditions including lesions in the heart, lung, or nervous system. They are also often misregulated in tumors. A wide range of molecular tools enabling the manipulation of the ephrin-A:EphA system are available, ranging from small molecules to peptides and genetically-encoded strategies. Their mechanism is either direct, targeting EphA receptors, or indirect through the modification of intracellular downstream pathways. Approaches enabling manipulation of ephrin-A:EphA forward signaling for the dissection of its signaling cascade, the investigation of its physiological roles or the development of therapeutic strategies are summarized here.
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22
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Du E, Li X, He S, Li X, He S. The critical role of the interplays of EphrinB2/EphB4 and VEGF in the induction of angiogenesis. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4681-4690. [PMID: 32488576 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The significant role of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) as an angiogenesis inducer is well recognized. Besides VEGF, EphrinB2/EphB4 also plays essential roles in vascular development and postnatal angiogenesis. Compared with classical proangiogenic factors, not only does EphrinB2/EphB4 promote sprouting of new vessels, it is also involved in the vessel maturation. Given their involvement in many physiologic and pathological conditions, EphB4 and EphrinB2 are increasingly recognized as attractive therapeutic targets for angiogenesis-related diseases through modulating their expression and function. Previous works mainly focused on the individual role of VEGF and EphrinB2/EphB4 in angiogenesis, respectively, but the correlation between EphrinB2/EphB4 and VEGF in angiogenesis has not been fully disclosed. Here, we summarize the structure and bidirectional signaling of EphrinB2/EphB4, provide an overview on the relationship between EphrinB2/EphB4 signaling and VEGF pathway in angiogenesis and highlight the associated potential usefulness in anti-angiogenetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enming Du
- Henan Eye Institute, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xue Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Siyu He
- Henan Eye Institute, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China. .,Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China. .,Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China. .,People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China. .,People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China. .,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Shikun He
- Henan Eye Institute, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China. .,Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China. .,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China. .,Departments of Pathology and Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, USC Roski Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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23
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Harnessing the Power of Eph/ephrin Biosemiotics for Theranostic Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13060112. [PMID: 32492868 PMCID: PMC7345574 DOI: 10.3390/ph13060112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive basic biological knowledge of the Eph/ephrin system in the physiologic setting is needed to facilitate an understanding of its role and the effects of pathological processes on its activity, thereby paving the way for development of prospective therapeutic targets. To this end, this review briefly addresses what is currently known and being investigated in order to highlight the gaps and possible avenues for further investigation to capitalize on their diverse potential.
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24
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Incerti M, Russo S, Corrado M, Giorgio C, Ballabeni V, Chiodelli P, Rusnati M, Scalvini L, Callegari D, Castelli R, Vacondio F, Ferlenghi F, Tognolini M, Lodola A. Optimization of EphA2 antagonists based on a lithocholic acid core led to the identification of UniPR505, a new 3α-carbamoyloxy derivative with antiangiogenetic properties. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 189:112083. [PMID: 32000051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The EphA2 receptor has been validated in animal models as new target for treating tumors depending on angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry. In the present work, we extended our current knowledge on structure-activity relationship (SAR) data of two related classes of antagonists of the EphA2 receptor, namely 5β-cholan-24-oic acids and 5β-cholan-24-oyl l-β-homotryptophan conjugates, with the aim to develop new antiangiogenic compounds able to efficiently prevent the formation of blood vessels. As a result of our exploration, we identified UniPR505, N-[3α-(Ethylcarbamoyl)oxy-5β-cholan-24-oyl]-l-β-homo-tryptophan (compound 14), as a submicromolar antagonist of the EphA2 receptor capable to block EphA2 phosphorylation and to inhibit neovascularization in a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Incerti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Simonetta Russo
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Miriam Corrado
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Carmine Giorgio
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Vigilio Ballabeni
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Chiodelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Rusnati
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Scalvini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Castelli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Vacondio
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessio Lodola
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy.
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25
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Nanomedicine in osteosarcoma therapy: Micelleplexes for delivery of nucleic acids and drugs toward osteosarcoma-targeted therapies. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 148:88-106. [PMID: 31958514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma(OS) represents the main cancer affecting bone tissue, and one of the most frequent in children. In this review we discuss the major pathological hallmarks of this pathology, its current therapeutics, new active biomolecules, as well as the nanotechnology outbreak applied to the development of innovative strategies for selective OS targeting. Small RNA molecules play a role as key-regulator molecules capable of orchestrate different responses in what concerns cancer initiation, proliferation, migration and invasiveness. Frequently associated with lung metastasis, new strategies are urgent to upgrade the therapeutic outcomes and the life-expectancy prospects. Hence, the prominent rise of micelleplexes as multifaceted and efficient structures for nucleic acid delivery and selective drug targeting is revisited here with special emphasis on ligand-mediated active targeting. Future landmarks toward the development of novel nanostrategies for both OS diagnosis and OS therapy improvements are also discussed.
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26
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Cross-Talk between Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors and Other Cell Surface Proteins. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050455. [PMID: 31091809 PMCID: PMC6562592 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) constitute signaling circuits that transmit signals across the plasma membrane, regulating pivotal cellular processes like differentiation, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. The malfunction of FGFs/FGFRs signaling axis is observed in numerous developmental and metabolic disorders, and in various tumors. The large diversity of FGFs/FGFRs functions is attributed to a great complexity in the regulation of FGFs/FGFRs-dependent signaling cascades. The function of FGFRs is modulated at several levels, including gene expression, alternative splicing, posttranslational modifications, and protein trafficking. One of the emerging ways to adjust FGFRs activity is through formation of complexes with other integral proteins of the cell membrane. These proteins may act as coreceptors, modulating binding of FGFs to FGFRs and defining specificity of elicited cellular response. FGFRs may interact with other cell surface receptors, like G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) or receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The cross-talk between various receptors modulates the strength and specificity of intracellular signaling and cell fate. At the cell surface FGFRs can assemble into large complexes involving various cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). The interplay between FGFRs and CAMs affects cell–cell interaction and motility and is especially important for development of the central nervous system. This review summarizes current stage of knowledge about the regulation of FGFRs by the plasma membrane-embedded partner proteins and highlights the importance of FGFRs-containing membrane complexes in pathological conditions, including cancer.
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The Small Molecule Ephrin Receptor Inhibitor, GLPG1790, Reduces Renewal Capabilities of Cancer Stem Cells, Showing Anti-Tumour Efficacy on Preclinical Glioblastoma Models. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030359. [PMID: 30871240 PMCID: PMC6468443 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapies against glioblastoma (GBM) show a high percentage of failure associated with the survival of glioma stem cells (GSCs) that repopulate treated tumours. Forced differentiation of GSCs is a promising new approach in cancer treatment. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptors drive tumourigenicity and stemness in GBM. We tested GLPG1790, a first small molecule with inhibition activity versus inhibitor of various Eph receptor kinases, in preclinical GBM models using in vitro and in vivo assays. GLPG1790 rapidly and persistently inhibited Ephrin-A1-mediated phosphorylation of Tyr588 and Ser897, completely blocking EphA2 receptor signalling. Similarly, this compound blocks the ephrin B2-mediated EphA3 and EphB4 tyrosine phosphorylation. This resulted in anti-glioma effects. GLPG1790 down-modulated the expression of mesenchymal markers CD44, Sox2, nestin, octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (Oct3/4), Nanog, CD90, and CD105, and up-regulated that of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and pro-neural/neuronal markers, βIII tubulin, and neurofilaments. GLPG1790 reduced tumour growth in vivo. These effects were larger compared to radiation therapy (RT; U251 and T98G xenografts) and smaller than those of temozolomide (TMZ; U251 and U87MG cell models). By contrast, GLPG1790 showed effects that were higher than Radiotherapy (RT) and similar to Temozolomide (TMZ) in orthotopic U87MG and CSCs-5 models in terms of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Further experiments were necessary to study possible interactions with radio- and chemotherapy. GLPG1790 demonstrated anti-tumor effects regulating both the differentiative status of Glioma Initiating Cells (GICs) and the quality of tumor microenvironment, translating into efficacy in aggressive GBM mouse models. Significant common molecular targets to radio and chemo therapy supported the combination use of GLPG1790 in ameliorative antiglioma therapy.
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Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) comprises a biologically heterogeneous group of embryonal tumours of the cerebellum. Four subgroups of MB have been described (WNT, sonic hedgehog (SHH), Group 3 and Group 4), each of which is associated with different genetic alterations, age at onset and prognosis. These subgroups have broadly been incorporated into the WHO classification of central nervous system tumours but still need to be accounted for to appropriately tailor disease risk to therapy intensity and to target therapy to disease biology. In this Primer, the epidemiology (including MB predisposition), molecular pathogenesis and integrative diagnosis taking histomorphology, molecular genetics and imaging into account are reviewed. In addition, management strategies, which encompass surgical resection of the tumour, cranio-spinal irradiation and chemotherapy, are discussed, together with the possibility of focusing more on disease biology and robust molecularly driven patient stratification in future clinical trials.
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