1
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Lin J, Lin X, Zheng R, Lin K, Khan M, Huang X, Tian Y, Wang B, Xu B, Yuan Y, Huang Z. Impact of chrono-radiotherapy on the prognosis and treatment-related toxicity in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A multicenter propensity-matched study. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:587-597. [PMID: 38606920 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2337887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The timing of radiotherapy (RT) delivery has been reported to affect both cancer survival and treatment toxicity. However, the association among the timing of RT delivery, survival, and toxicity in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) has not been investigated. We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with LA-NPC who received definitive RT at multiple institutions. The median RT delivery daytime was categorized as morning (DAY) and night (NIGHT). Seasonal variations were classified into the darker half of the year (WINTER) and brighter half (SUMMER) according to the sunshine duration. Cohorts were balanced according to baseline characteristics using propensity score matching (PSM). Survival and toxicity outcomes were evaluated using Cox regression models. A total of 355 patients were included, with 194/161 in DAY/NIGHT and 187/168 in WINTER/SUMMER groups. RT delivered during the daytime prolonged the 5-year overall survival (OS) (90.6% vs. 80.0%, p = 0.009). However, the significance of the trend was lost after PSM (p = 0.068). After PSM analysis, the DAY cohort derived a greater benefit in 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) (85.6% vs. 73.4%, p = 0.021) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) (89.2% vs. 80.8%, p = 0.051) in comparison with the NIGHT subgroup. Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that daytime RT was an independent prognostic factor for OS, PFS, and DMFS. Furthermore, daytime RT delivery was associated with an increase in the incidence of leukopenia and radiation dermatitis. RT delivery in SUMMER influenced only the OS significantly (before PSM: p = 0.051; after PSM: p = 0.034). There was no association between toxicity and the timing of RT delivery by season. In LA-NPC, the daytime of radical RT served as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, RT administered in the morning resulted in more severe toxic side effects than that at night, which needs to be confirmed in a future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiantao Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Digestive, Hematological, and Breast Malignancies, Clinical Research Center for Radiology and Radiotherapy of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehai Lin
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuting Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhong Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baiyao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - BenHua Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Digestive, Hematological, and Breast Malignancies, Clinical Research Center for Radiology and Radiotherapy of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Yang Z, Zarbl H, Guo GL. Circadian Regulation of Endocrine Fibroblast Growth Factors on Systemic Energy Metabolism. Mol Pharmacol 2024; 105:179-193. [PMID: 38238100 PMCID: PMC10877735 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.123.000831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is an endogenous biochemical timing system that coordinates the physiology and behavior of organisms to earth's ∼24-hour circadian day/night cycle. The central circadian clock synchronized by environmental cues hierarchically entrains peripheral clocks throughout the body. The circadian system modulates a wide variety of metabolic signaling pathways to maintain whole-body metabolic homeostasis in mammals under changing environmental conditions. Endocrine fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), namely FGF15/19, FGF21, and FGF23, play an important role in regulating systemic metabolism of bile acids, lipids, glucose, proteins, and minerals. Recent evidence indicates that endocrine FGFs function as nutrient sensors that mediate multifactorial interactions between peripheral clocks and energy homeostasis by regulating the expression of metabolic enzymes and hormones. Circadian disruption induced by environmental stressors or genetic ablation is associated with metabolic dysfunction and diurnal disturbances in FGF signaling pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. Time-restricted feeding strengthens the circadian pattern of metabolic signals to improve metabolic health and prevent against metabolic diseases. Chronotherapy, the strategic timing of medication administration to maximize beneficial effects and minimize toxic effects, can provide novel insights into linking biologic rhythms to drug metabolism and toxicity within the therapeutical regimens of diseases. Here we review the circadian regulation of endocrine FGF signaling in whole-body metabolism and the potential effect of circadian dysfunction on the pathogenesis and development of metabolic diseases. We also discuss the potential of chrononutrition and chronotherapy for informing the development of timing interventions with endocrine FGFs to optimize whole-body metabolism in humans. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The circadian timing system governs physiological, metabolic, and behavioral functions in living organisms. The endocrine fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family (FGF15/19, FGF21, and FGF23) plays an important role in regulating energy and mineral metabolism. Endocrine FGFs function as nutrient sensors that mediate multifactorial interactions between circadian clocks and metabolic homeostasis. Chronic disruption of circadian rhythms increases the risk of metabolic diseases. Chronological interventions such as chrononutrition and chronotherapy provide insights into linking biological rhythms to disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenning Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (Z.Y., G.L.G.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (Z.Y., H.Z., G.L.G.), Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Justice, School of Public Health (H.Z.), Rutgers Center for Lipid Research (G.L.G.), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and VA New Jersey Health Care System, Veterans Administration Medical Center, East Orange, New Jersey (G.L.G.)
| | - Helmut Zarbl
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (Z.Y., G.L.G.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (Z.Y., H.Z., G.L.G.), Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Justice, School of Public Health (H.Z.), Rutgers Center for Lipid Research (G.L.G.), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and VA New Jersey Health Care System, Veterans Administration Medical Center, East Orange, New Jersey (G.L.G.)
| | - Grace L Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (Z.Y., G.L.G.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (Z.Y., H.Z., G.L.G.), Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Justice, School of Public Health (H.Z.), Rutgers Center for Lipid Research (G.L.G.), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and VA New Jersey Health Care System, Veterans Administration Medical Center, East Orange, New Jersey (G.L.G.)
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3
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Zhu H, Chen J, Wen Z, Li J, Yu Q, Liao W, Luo X. The role of circadian clock genes in colorectal carcinoma: Novel insights into regulatory mechanism and implications in clinical therapy. Life Sci 2023; 333:122145. [PMID: 37797685 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a lethal malignancy with limited treatment strategies. Accumulating evidence indicates that CRC tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis are intimately associated with circadian clock, an inherent 24-h cycle oscillation of biochemical, physiological functions in almost every eukaryote. In the present review, we summarize the altered expression level of circadian genes in CRC and the prognosis associated with gene abundance switch. We illustrate the function and potential mechanisms of circadian genes in CRC pathogenesis and progression. Moreover, circadian based-therapeutic strategies including chronotherapy, therapeutics targeting potential circadian components, and melatonin treatment in CRC are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Zeqin Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Jinfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Qinyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Weihua Liao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China.
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4
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Jeon J, Lee S, Park JM, Lee TH, Kang TH. Circadian control of cisplatin-DNA adduct repair and apoptosis in culture cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 162:106454. [PMID: 37574041 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin, a widely prescribed chemotherapeutic agent for treating solid tumors, induces DNA adducts and activates cellular defense mechanisms, including DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoint control, and apoptosis. Considering the circadian rhythmicity displayed by most chemotherapeutic agents and their varying therapeutic efficacy based on treatment timing, our study aimed to investigate whether the circadian clock system influences the DNA damage responses triggered by cisplatin in synchronized cells. We examined the DNA damage responses in circadian-synchronized wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblasts (WT-MEF; clock-proficient cells), cryptochrome1 and 2 double knock-out MEF (CRYDKO; clock-deficient cells), and mouse hepatocarcinoma Hepa1c1c7 cells. Varying the treatment time resulted in a significant difference in the rate of platinum-DNA adduct removal specifically in circadian-synchronized WT-MEF, while CRYDKO did not exhibit such variation. Moreover, diurnal variation in other DNA damage responses, such as cell cycle checkpoint activity indicated by p53 phosphorylation status and apoptosis measured by DNA break frequency, was observed only in circadian-synchronized WT-MEF, not in CRYDKO or mouse hepatocarcinoma Hepa1c1c7 cells. These findings highlight that the DNA damage responses triggered by cisplatin are indeed governed by circadian control exclusively in clock-proficient cells. This outcome bears potential implications for enhancing or devising chronotherapy approaches for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeseok Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanggon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Park
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tae-Hee Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Tae-Hong Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Liu Y, Wang Z, Hao H, Wang Y, Hua L. Insight into immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for colorectal cancer from the perspective of circadian clocks. Immunology 2023; 170:13-27. [PMID: 37114514 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumours and the third most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality. Circadian clocks are widespread in humans and temporally regulate physiologic functions to maintain homeostasis. Recent studies showed that circadian components were strong regulators of the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) and the immunogenicity of CRC cells. Therefore, insight into immunotherapy from the perspective of circadian clocks can be promising. Although immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment, has been a milestone in cancer treatment, greater accuracy is still needed for selecting patients who will respond positively to immunotherapy with minimal side effects. In addition, there were few reviews focusing on the role of the circadian components in the TIME and the immunogenicity of CRC cells. Therefore, this review highlights the crosstalk between the TIME in CRC and the immunogenicity of CRC cells based on the circadian clocks. With the goal to achieve the possibility that patients with CRC can benefit most from the ICI treatment, we provide potential evidence and a novel idea for building a predictive framework combined with circadian factors, searching for enhancers of ICIs targeting circadian components and clinically implementing the timing of ICI treatment for patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeqin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hankun Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luchun Hua
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Wang Y, Li JQ, Qiang WM, Wang SR, Shen AM, Xi CX, Liu H. Can chronoradiotherapy offer benefits to cervical cancer patients? A scoping review. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:353-360. [PMID: 36912010 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2174880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this scoping review was to synthesize the available evidence and evaluate the effectiveness of chronoradiotherapy interventions in cervical cancer patients. This scoping review was performed by searching in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Wenpu, and Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM) databases. Databases were searched for studies published in English or Chinese from inception to 21 May 2021, and reference lists of relevant reports were scanned. Two investigators independently screened eligible studies in accordance with predetermined eligibility criteria and extracted data. The included studies were summarized and analyzed. Five studies including a total of 422 patients with cervical cancer were included in the scoping review; four studies were Chinese, and one was Indian. Main themes identified included the efficiency of chronoradiotherapy and relevant toxic and side effects, including diarrhea toxicity, hematologic toxicity, myelosuppression, gastrointestinal mucositis, and skin reactions. Administration of radiotherapy at different times of the day resulted in similar efficacy. However, the toxic side effects of morning radiotherapy (MR) and evening radiotherapy (ER) differed, with radiotherapy in the evening leading to more severe hematologic toxicity and myelosuppression. There were conflicting conclusions about gastrointestinal reactions with chronoradiotherapy, and further studies are needed. Radiation responses may be associated with circadian genes, through the influence of cell cycles and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Nursing Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia-Qian Li
- Nursing Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Wan-Min Qiang
- Nursing Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu-Rui Wang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ao-Mei Shen
- Nursing Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen-Xi Xi
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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7
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Nassar A, Abdelhamid A, Ramsay G, Bekheit M. Chronomodulated Administration of Chemotherapy in Advanced Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e36522. [PMID: 37090313 PMCID: PMC10120847 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this systematic review, the efficacy and safety of chronomodulated chemotherapy, defined as the delivery of chemotherapy timed according to the human circadian rhythm, were assessed and compared to continuous infusion chemotherapy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Electronic English-language studies published until October 2020 were searched. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing chronomodulated chemotherapy with non-chronomodulated (conventional) chemotherapy for the management of advanced colorectal cancer were included. The main outcomes were the objective response rate (ORR) and system-specific and overall toxicity related to chemotherapy. Electronic databases including Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Review were searched. In total, seven RCTs including 1,137 patients were analysed. Males represented 684 (60%) of the study population. The median age was 60.5 (range = 47.2-64) years. There was no significant difference between chronomodulated and conventional chemotherapy in ORR (risk ratio (RR) = 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.87-1.53). Similarly, there was no significant difference in gastrointestinal toxicity under the random effect model (RR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.68-1.51). No significant difference was found regarding neurological and skin toxicities (RR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.32-1.270 and RR = 2.11, 95% CI = 0.33-13.32, respectively). However, patients who received chronomodulated chemotherapy had less haematological toxicity (RR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.27-0.48). In conclusion, there was no overall difference in ORR or haematologic toxicity between chronomodulated and non-chronomodulated chemotherapy used for patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Chronomodulated chemotherapy can be considered in patients at high risk of haematological toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Nassar
- The Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, GBR
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, National Health Service (NHS) Grampian, Aberdeen, GBR
| | - Amir Abdelhamid
- The Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, GBR
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, National Health Service (NHS) Grampian, Aberdeen, GBR
| | - George Ramsay
- The Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, GBR
| | - Mohamed Bekheit
- The Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, GBR
- Dr Gray's Hospital, National Health Service (NHS) Grampian, Aberdeen, GBR
- HPB Centre, Elite Integrated Centres of Excellence, Alexandria, EGY
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8
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Jain SN, Patil SB. Perspectives of colon-specific drug delivery in the management of morning symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:253-264. [PMID: 36544060 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01120-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic condition that is characterized by joint pain and inflammation. It is an autoimmune disorder in which the body tissues are erroneously attacked by the immune system of the host itself. It has been evident that rheumatoid arthritis symptoms follow a 24 h circadian rhythm and exhibit high thresholds of pain, functional disability, and stiffness predominantly early in the morning. Colon-specific drug delivery systems can be utilized in the formulations to be used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The colon-specific drug delivery system has shown promising results in the treatment of different diseases at the colonic site like Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, colon cancer, etc. The colon-specific drug delivery is capable of delivering the formulation at the predetermined location and predetermined time. The early morning symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis like pain and inflammation can be treated using the various approaches of the colon-specific drug delivery system because it will lead to patient compliance as the patient will not require administering the formulation immediately after waking up in the morning. This review also explains the immunological factors which may trigger rheumatoid arthritis in human beings. It further explores conventional approaches like pH-dependant, microorganisms-driven, pressure-controlled, and time-dependant formulations. By employing two or more conventional approaches given above the various novel approaches have been designed to eliminate the drawbacks of individual techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil N Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SNJB's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Nashik, Maharashtra, 423101, India
| | - Sanjay B Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SNJB's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Nashik, Maharashtra, 423101, India.
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Sanford ABA, da Cunha LS, Machado CB, de Pinho Pessoa FMC, Silva ANDS, Ribeiro RM, Moreira FC, de Moraes Filho MO, de Moraes MEA, de Souza LEB, Khayat AS, Moreira-Nunes CA. Circadian Rhythm Dysregulation and Leukemia Development: The Role of Clock Genes as Promising Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158212. [PMID: 35897788 PMCID: PMC9332415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock (CC) is a daily system that regulates the oscillations of physiological processes and can respond to the external environment in order to maintain internal homeostasis. For the functioning of the CC, the clock genes (CG) act in different metabolic pathways through the clock-controlled genes (CCG), providing cellular regulation. The CC’s interruption can result in the development of different diseases, such as neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders, as well as cancer. Leukemias correspond to a group of malignancies of the blood and bone marrow that occur when alterations in normal cellular regulatory processes cause the uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells. This review aimed to associate a deregulated CC with the manifestation of leukemia, looking for possible pathways involving CG and their possible role as leukemic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Aguiar Sanford
- Unichristus University Center, Faculty of Biomedicine, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil; (A.B.A.S.); (L.S.d.C.)
| | - Leidivan Sousa da Cunha
- Unichristus University Center, Faculty of Biomedicine, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil; (A.B.A.S.); (L.S.d.C.)
| | - Caio Bezerra Machado
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (F.M.C.d.P.P.); (M.O.d.M.F.); (M.E.A.d.M.)
| | - Flávia Melo Cunha de Pinho Pessoa
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (F.M.C.d.P.P.); (M.O.d.M.F.); (M.E.A.d.M.)
| | - Abigail Nayara dos Santos Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (A.N.d.S.S.); (F.C.M.); (A.S.K.)
| | | | - Fabiano Cordeiro Moreira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (A.N.d.S.S.); (F.C.M.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes Filho
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (F.M.C.d.P.P.); (M.O.d.M.F.); (M.E.A.d.M.)
| | - Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (F.M.C.d.P.P.); (M.O.d.M.F.); (M.E.A.d.M.)
| | - Lucas Eduardo Botelho de Souza
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14051-140, SP, Brazil;
| | - André Salim Khayat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (A.N.d.S.S.); (F.C.M.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Unichristus University Center, Faculty of Biomedicine, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil; (A.B.A.S.); (L.S.d.C.)
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (F.M.C.d.P.P.); (M.O.d.M.F.); (M.E.A.d.M.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (A.N.d.S.S.); (F.C.M.); (A.S.K.)
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Itaperi Campus, Ceará State University, Fortaleza 60740-903, CE, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Circadian and Immunity Cycle Talk in Cancer Destination: From Biological Aspects to In Silico Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061578. [PMID: 35326729 PMCID: PMC8945968 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The circadian cycle is a natural cycle of the body repeated every 24 h, based on a day and night rhythm, and it affects many body processes. The present article reviews the importance and role of the circadian cycle in cancer and its association with the immune system and immunotherapy drugs at the cellular and molecular levels. It also examines the genes and cellular pathways involved in both circadian and immune systems. It offers possible computational solutions to increase the effectiveness of cancer treatment concerning the circadian cycle. Abstract Cancer is the leading cause of death and a major problem to increasing life expectancy worldwide. In recent years, various approaches such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapies, and the newest pillar, immunotherapy, have been developed to treat cancer. Among key factors impacting the effectiveness of treatment, the administration of drugs based on the circadian rhythm in a person and within individuals can significantly elevate drug efficacy, reduce adverse effects, and prevent drug resistance. Circadian clocks also affect various physiological processes such as the sleep cycle, body temperature cycle, digestive and cardiovascular processes, and endocrine and immune systems. In recent years, to achieve precision patterns for drug administration using computational methods, the interaction of the effects of drugs and their cellular pathways has been considered more seriously. Integrated data-derived pathological images and genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics analyses have provided an understanding of the molecular basis of cancer and dramatically revealed interactions between circadian and immunity cycles. Here, we describe crosstalk between the circadian cycle signaling pathway and immunity cycle in cancer and discuss how tumor microenvironment affects the influence on treatment process based on individuals’ genetic differences. Moreover, we highlight recent advances in computational modeling that pave the way for personalized immune chronotherapy.
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Malik S, Stokes Iii J, Manne U, Singh R, Mishra MK. Understanding the significance of biological clock and its impact on cancer incidence. Cancer Lett 2022; 527:80-94. [PMID: 34906624 PMCID: PMC8816870 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock is an essential timekeeper that controls, for humans, the daily rhythm of biochemical, physiological, and behavioral functions. Irregular performance or disruption in circadian rhythms results in various diseases, including cancer. As a factor in cancer development, perturbations in circadian rhythms can affect circadian homeostasis in energy balance, lead to alterations in the cell cycle, and cause dysregulation of chromatin remodeling. However, knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of the relationship between the circadian clock and cancer. Therefore, a mechanistic understanding by which circadian disruption enhances cancer risk is needed. This review article outlines the importance of the circadian clock in tumorigenesis and summarizes underlying mechanisms in the clock and its carcinogenic mechanisms, highlighting advances in chronotherapy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalie Malik
- Cancer Biology Research and Training, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA; Department of Zoology and Dr. Giri Lal Gupta Institute of Public Health and Public Affairs, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - James Stokes Iii
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | - Upender Manne
- Departments of Pathology, Surgery and Epidemiology, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Manoj K Mishra
- Cancer Biology Research and Training, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA.
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Sadiq Z, Varghese E, Büsselberg D. Cisplatin's dual-effect on the circadian clock triggers proliferation and apoptosis. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2020; 9:100054. [PMID: 33364523 PMCID: PMC7752721 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2020.100054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock, which generates the internal daily rhythm largely mediated through release of melatonin, can be disrupted in various ways. Multiple factors result in a disruption of the circadian cycle in the clinical context, of interest are anti-cancer drugs such as cisplatin. Cisplatin modulates the circadian clock through two mechanisms: 1) the circadian clock control of DNA excision repair and 2) the effect of circadian clock disruption on apoptosis. Cisplatin can stimulate multiple classified molecules, including DNA repair factors, DNA damage recognition factors and transcription factors in drug resistance and cisplatin-induced signal transduction. These factors interact with each other and can be transformed by DNA damage. Hence, these molecular interactions are intimately involved in cell proliferation and damage-induced apoptosis. Cisplatin has a dual-effect on circadian genes: upregulation of CLOCK expression causes an increase in proliferation but upregulation of BMAL1 expression causes an increase in apoptosis. Therefore, the interference of circadian genes by cisplatin can have multiple, opposing effects on apoptosis and cell proliferation, which may have unintended pro-cancer effects. Melatonin and intracellular Ca2+ also have a dual-effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis and can disrupt circadian rhythms. Cisplatin has a dual-effect on components of the circadian clock, increasing or decreasing cell proliferation and apoptosis. DNA excision repair and apoptosis are controlled by circadian rhythms. When cisplatin is combined with other agents, the effects are enhanced. These findings provide clinicians with the prospect to create effective chrono-cisplatin regimens for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhair Sadiq
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, P.O. Box, 24144, Qatar
| | - Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, P.O. Box, 24144, Qatar
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, P.O. Box, 24144, Qatar
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Kilgallen AB, Štibler U, Printezi MI, Putker M, Punt CJA, Sluijter JPG, May AM, van Laake LW. Comparing Conventional Chemotherapy to Chronomodulated Chemotherapy for Cancer Treatment: Protocol for a Systematic Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e18023. [PMID: 33084590 PMCID: PMC7641776 DOI: 10.2196/18023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronomodulated chemotherapy aims to achieve maximum drug safety and efficacy by adjusting the time of treatment to an optimal biological time as determined by the circadian clock. Although it is a promising alternative to conventional (non-time-stipulated) chemotherapy in several instances, the lack of scientific consensus and the increased logistical burden of timed administration limit the use of a chronomodulated administration protocol. OBJECTIVE With the goal to increase scientific consensus on this subject, we plan to conduct a systematic review of the current literature to compare the drug safety and efficacy of chronomodulated chemotherapy with those of conventional chemotherapy. METHODS This systematic review will comply with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for the Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. In order to identify relevant studies, we conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed and Embase on May 18, 2020. We included clinical studies that compare either the safety or efficacy of chronomodulated chemotherapy with that of conventional chemotherapy. Potential studies will be reviewed and screened by 2 independent reviewers. Quality assessment will be performed using the National Institutes of Health's Study Quality Assessment Tool (Quality Assessment of Controlled Intervention Studies). Disagreements will be resolved by consulting a third independent reviewer. RESULTS This protocol has received funding, and the search for studies from databases commenced on May 18, 2020. The systematic review is planned to be completed by October 31, 2020. CONCLUSIONS In this systematic review, we will compare drug safety and drug efficacy for cancer patients who were administered either chronomodulated chemotherapy or conventional chemotherapy. Moreover, we will highlight the outcomes and quality of the selected trials for this review. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020177878; https://tinyurl.com/y53w9nq6. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/18023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife B Kilgallen
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Urška Štibler
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Markella I Printezi
- Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marrit Putker
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- University Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anne M May
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Linda W van Laake
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Kizhuveetil U, Omer S, Karunagaran D, Suraishkumar GK. Improved redox anti-cancer treatment efficacy through reactive species rhythm manipulation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1588. [PMID: 32005913 PMCID: PMC6994657 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhythms in the pseudo-steady state (PSS) levels of reactive species (RS), particularly superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, exist in cancer cells. The RS rhythm characteristics, particularly frequency and amplitude, are entrained (reset) by the anticancer compounds/drugs. In this work, we show for the first time that the phase of the RS rhythm at which the drug is added is significantly important in determining the cytotoxicity of anticancer compounds/drugs such as menadione and curcumin, in two different cancer cell lines. Curcumin, the more effective of the two drugs (IC50 = 15 µM, SiHa; 6 µM, HCT116) induced reset of superoxide and hydroxyl rhythms from 15.4 h to 9 h, and 25 h to 11 h respectively, as well as caused increases in these radical levels. However, menadione (IC50 = 20 µM, SiHa; 17 µM, HCT116) affected only the superoxide levels. Drug treatment at different time points/phase of the RS rhythm resulted in a maximum of 27% increase in cytotoxicity, which is significant. Further, we report for the first time, an unexpected absence of a correlation between the intracellular PSS RS and antioxidant levels; thus, the practice of using antioxidant enzyme levels as surrogate markers of intracellular oxidative stress levels may need a re-consideration. Therefore, the RS rhythm could be a fundamental/generic target to manipulate for improved cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Kizhuveetil
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences building, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Sonal Omer
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences building, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - D Karunagaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences building, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - G K Suraishkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences building, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
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Radiation chronotherapy-clinical impact of treatment time-of-day: a systematic review. J Neurooncol 2019; 145:415-427. [PMID: 31729636 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many brain tumor patients suffer from radiation-induced toxicities. Chronotherapy is a treatment modality that utilizes circadian rhythms to optimize the effect on tumor while minimizing negative outcomes on healthy tissue. This review aims to systematically examine the literature on the application of a radiation chronotherapeutic for all cancers and determine the possible advantages of incorporating a circadian-based fixed time-of-day for radiotherapy into CNS cancers. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted in two electronic databases from inception to February 1, 2019. Primary research manuscripts were screened for those related to adult human subjects exposed to ionizing radiation using the chronotherapy technique. RESULTS Nine manuscripts were included in the review from 79 eligible articles. Three were prospective randomized trails and 6 were retrospective reviews. This survey revealed that overall survival and tumor control do not have consistent effects with only 60% and 55.5% of paper which included the variables having some significance, respectively. Treatment symptoms were the primary endpoint for both the prospective trials and were examined in 3 of the retrospective reviews; effects were observed in sensitive tissue for all 5 studies including mucosal linings and skin basal layer. CONCLUSIONS Existing literature suggests that the application of radiation chronotherapy may reduce negative symptom outcome within highly proliferative tissues. Further examination of radiation chronotherapy in well-designed prospective trials and studies in brain tumor patients are merited.
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16
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Kizhuveetil U, Palukuri MV, Sharma P, Karunagaran D, Rengaswamy R, Suraishkumar GK. Entrainment of superoxide rhythm by menadione in HCT116 colon cancer cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3347. [PMID: 30833672 PMCID: PMC6399287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are primary effectors of cytotoxicity induced by many anti-cancer drugs. Rhythms in the pseudo-steady-state (PSS) levels of particular intracellular ROS in cancer cells and their relevance to drug effectiveness are unknown thus far. We report that the PSS levels of intracellular superoxide (SOX), an important ROS, exhibit an inherent rhythm in HCT116 colon cancer cells, which is entrained (reset) by the SOX inducer, menadione (MD). This reset was dependent on the expression of p53, and it doubled the sensitivity of the cells to MD. The period of oscillation was found to have a linear correlation with MD concentration, given by the equation, T, in h = 23.52 - 1.05 [MD concentration in µM]. Further, we developed a mathematical model to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in rhythm reset. Biologically meaningful parameters were obtained through parameter estimation techniques; the model can predict experimental profiles of SOX, establish qualitative relations between interacting species in the system and serves as an important tool to understand the profiles of various species. The model was also able to successfully predict the rhythm reset in MD treated hepatoma cell line, HepG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Kizhuveetil
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences building, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Meghana V Palukuri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Priyanshu Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences building, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Devarajan Karunagaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences building, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Raghunathan Rengaswamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - G K Suraishkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences building, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
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Huang Y, Yu Q, Liu Y, Zhu Z, Wang L, Wang H, Li K. Efficacy and safety of chronomodulated chemotherapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2017; 13:e171-e178. [PMID: 26892158 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Chronomodulated chemotherapy has been reported to be superior to conventional chemotherapy, but the results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis to summarize the efficacy and safety of chronomodulated chemotherapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. METHODS A literature search for relevant RCTs comparing the efficacy and safety of chronomodulated chemotherapy and conventional chemotherapy was performed. The main outcomes were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and toxicity (grade 3/4), which included vomiting and nausea, diarrhea, mucositis, neutropenia and peripheral sensory neuropathy. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated. RESULTS Six RCTs involving 1347 patients were included. Chronomodulated chemotherapy showed no advantages for OS (HR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.84-1.08; P = 0.463) or ORR (RR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.81-1.39; P = 0.499). The two groups were similar in terms of grade 3/4 vomiting and nausea (RR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.78-1.35; P = 0.872), diarrhea (RR = 1.44; 95% CI, 0.87-2.36; P = 0.149) or peripheral sensory neuropathy (RR = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.56-1.34; P = 0.512), whereas decreased risks of mucositis (RR = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.14-0.66; P = 0.000) and neutropenia (RR = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.27-0.57; P = 0.000) were observed in chronomodulated chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Chronomodulated chemotherapy may be favorable to reduce the risks of certain side effects, but there is no current evidence for improvement in OS or ORR. Our analysis suggests that the available data does not support the use of chronomodulated chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Huang
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuyan Yu
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenli Zhu
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haidong Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin Medical College, Jilin, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Squire T, Buchanan G, Rangiah D, Davis I, Yip D, Chua YJ, Rich T, Elsaleh H. Does chronomodulated radiotherapy improve pathological response in locally advanced rectal cancer? Chronobiol Int 2017; 34:492-503. [PMID: 28353363 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1301462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The predominant mode of radiation-induced cell death for solid tumours is mitotic catastrophe, which is in part dependent on sublethal damage repair being complete at around 6 h. Circadian variation appears to play a role in normal cellular division, and this could influence tumour response of radiation treatment depending on the time of treatment delivery. We tested the hypothesis that radiation treatment later in the day may improve tumour response and nodal downstaging in rectal cancer patients treated neoadjuvantly with radiation therapy. Recruitment was by retrospective review of 267 rectal cancer patients treated neoadjuvantly in the Department of Radiation Oncology at the Canberra Hospital between January 2010 and November 2015. One hundred and fifty-five patients met the inclusion criteria for which demographic, pathological and imaging data were collected, as well as the time of day patients received treatment with each fraction of radiotherapy. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package R with nonparametric methods of significance for all tests set at p < 0.05. Of the 45 female and 110 male patients, the median age was 64. Seventy-three percent had cT3 disease and there was a mean tumour distance from the anal verge of 7 cm. Time to surgical resection following radiotherapy ranged from 4 to 162 days with a median of 50 days, with a complete pathological response seen in 21% of patients. Patients exhibiting a favourable pathological response had smaller median pre- and postradiotherapy tumour size and had a greater change in tumour size following treatment (p < 0.01). Patients who received the majority of their radiotherapy fractions after 12:00 pm were more likely to show a complete or moderate pathological response (p = 0.035) and improved nodal downstaging. There were also more favourable responses amongst patients with longer time to surgical resection postradiotherapy (p < 0.004), although no relationship was seen between response and tumour distance from the anal verge. Females were less likely to exhibit several of the above responses. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer performed later in the day coupled with a longer time period to surgical resection may improve pathological tumour response rates and nodal downstaging. A prospective study in chronomodulated radiotherapy in this disease is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Squire
- a The Canberra Hospital , Department of Radiation Oncology , Garran , Australian Capital Territory , Australia.,d University of Notre Dame Australia, School of Medicine , Darlinghurst , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Grant Buchanan
- a The Canberra Hospital , Department of Radiation Oncology , Garran , Australian Capital Territory , Australia.,e University of Adelaide, School of Medical Sciences , Adelaide , South Australia , Australia
| | - David Rangiah
- b The Canberra Hospital , Department of Surgery , Garran , Australian Capital Territory , Australia.,f Australian National University, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment , Canberra , Australian Capital Territory , Australia
| | - Ian Davis
- b The Canberra Hospital , Department of Surgery , Garran , Australian Capital Territory , Australia.,f Australian National University, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment , Canberra , Australian Capital Territory , Australia
| | - Desmond Yip
- c The Canberra Hospital , Department of Medical Oncology , Garran , Australian Capital Territory , Australia.,f Australian National University, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment , Canberra , Australian Capital Territory , Australia
| | - Yu Jo Chua
- c The Canberra Hospital , Department of Medical Oncology , Garran , Australian Capital Territory , Australia.,f Australian National University, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment , Canberra , Australian Capital Territory , Australia
| | - Tyvin Rich
- g Hampton University Proton Therapy Institute , Hampton , Virginia , USA.,h University of Virginia School of Medicine , Department of Radiation Oncology , Charlottesville , Virginia , USA
| | - Hany Elsaleh
- a The Canberra Hospital , Department of Radiation Oncology , Garran , Australian Capital Territory , Australia.,f Australian National University, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment , Canberra , Australian Capital Territory , Australia
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Luan JJ, Zhang YS, Liu XY, Wang YQ, Zuo J, Song JG, Zhang W, Wang WS. Dosing-time contributes to chronotoxicity of clofarabine in mice via means other than pharmacokinetics. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2016; 32:227-34. [PMID: 27316580 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the time- and dose-dependent toxicity of clofarabine in mice and to further define the chronotherapy strategy of it in leukemia, we compared the mortality rates, LD50s, biochemical parameters, histological changes and organ indexes of mice treated with clofarabine at various doses and time points. Plasma clofarabine levels and pharmacokinetic parameters were monitored continuously for up to 8 hours after the single intravenous administration of 20 mg/kg at 12:00 noon and 12:00 midnight by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV method. Clofarabine toxicity in all groups fluctuated in accordance with circadian rhythms in vivo. The toxicity of clofarabine in mice in the rest phase was more severe than the active one, indicated by more severe liver damage, immunodepression, higher mortality rate, and lower LD50. No significant pharmacokinetic parameter changes were observed between the night and daytime treatment groups. These findings suggest the dosing-time dependent toxicity of clofarabine synchronizes with the circadian rhythm of mice, which might provide new therapeutic strategies in further clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jie Luan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China; Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yu-Shan Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chinese People's Liberation Army 150th Central Hospital, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China; Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Ya-Qin Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jian Zuo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China; Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jian-Guo Song
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China; Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wu-San Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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Bhavani P, Subramanian P, Shanmugapriya S. Modulating effects of vanillic acid on circadian pattern of indices of redox homeostasis in N-Methly-N′-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine induced endometrial carcinoma in rats. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2016.1173362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Zhanfeng N, Yanhui L, Zhou F, Shaocai H, Guangxing L, Hechun X. Circadian genes Per1 and Per2 increase radiosensitivity of glioma in vivo. Oncotarget 2016; 6:9951-8. [PMID: 25760074 PMCID: PMC4496409 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Per1 and Per2 play a key role in regulating the circadian rhythm in mammals. We report here that although both genes were expressed with a circadian rhythm in glioma and normal brain tissue in rats, their expression profiles differed in the two types of tissue. In addition, high expression of Per1 and Per2 in glioma tissue was associated with increased sensitivity to x-irradiation. No such sensitizing effect was observed in normal tissue. Our results suggest that Per1 and Per2 expression may increase the efficacy of radiotherapy against glioma by promoting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niu Zhanfeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Xijing Hospital of The Fourth Miltary Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Yanhui
- Graduate School of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Xijing Hospital of The Fourth Miltary Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Shaocai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Li Guangxing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xia Hechun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory for Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Salavaty A. Carcinogenic effects of circadian disruption: an epigenetic viewpoint. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2015; 34:375-83. [PMID: 26253128 PMCID: PMC4593354 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-015-0043-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms refer to the endogenous rhythms that are generated to synchronize physiology and behavior with 24-h environmental cues. These rhythms are regulated by both external cues and molecular clock mechanisms in almost all cells. Disruption of circadian rhythms, which is called circadian disruption, affects many biological processes within the body and results in different long-term diseases, including cancer. Circadian regulatory pathways result in rhythmic epigenetic modifications and the formation of circadian epigenomes. Aberrant epigenetic modifications, such as hypermethylation, due to circadian disruption may be involved in the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells. Several studies have indicated an epigenetic basis for the carcinogenic effects of circadian disruption. In this review, I first discuss some of the circadian genes and regulatory proteins. Then, I summarize the current evidence related to the epigenetic modifications that result in circadian disruption. In addition, I explain the carcinogenic effects of circadian disruption and highlight its potential role in different human cancers using an epigenetic viewpoint. Finally, the importance of chronotherapy in cancer treatment is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Salavaty
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, 61336-3337, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Wang P, An F, Zhuang X, Liu J, Zhao L, Zhang B, Liu L, Lin P, Li M. Chronopharmacology and mechanism of antitumor effect of erlotinib in Lewis tumor-bearing mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101720. [PMID: 25000529 PMCID: PMC4085002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a ubiquitously expressed receptor tyrosine kinase, is recognized as a key mediator of tumorigenesis in many human epithelial tumors. Erlotinib is tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved by FDA for use in oncology. It inhibits the intracellular phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase associated with the EGFR to restrain the development of the tumor. To investigate the antitumor effect of erlotinib at different dosing times and the underlying molecular mechanism via the PI3K/AKT pathway, we established a mouse model of Lewis lung cancer xenografts. The tumor-bearing mice were housed four or five per cage under standardized light-dark cycle conditions (light on at 7:00 AM, 500 Lux, off at 7:00 PM, 0 Lux) with food and water provided ad libitum. The mice were observed for quality of life, their body weight and tumor volume measured, and the tumor growth curves drawn. After being bled, the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. The tumor masses were removed at different time points and weighed. The mRNA expression of EGFR, AKT, Cyclin D1 and CDK-4 were assayed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Protein expression levels of AKT, P-AKT and Cyclin D1 were determined by Western blot analysis. The results suggest that erlotinib has a significant antitumor effect on xenografts of non-small cell lung cancer in mice, and its efficacy and toxicity is dependent on the time of day of administration. Its molecular mechanism of action might be related to the EGFR-AKT-Cyclin D1-CDK-4 pathway which plays a crucial role in the development of pathology. Therefore, our findings suggest that the time of day of administration of Erlotinib may be a clinically important variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengmei An
- Hand Surgery Center of the Whole Army, No. 401 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qingdao, China
| | - Xingjun Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, No. 401 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, No. 401 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Pingping Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingchun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, No. 401 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral-controlled and modified-release drug delivery systems with zero-order sustained-release kinetics have been developed and proven suitable for meeting increasingly sophisticated therapeutic needs. Nevertheless, the impact of basic chronobiology concepts on the practice of medicine is still ongoing and to address chronotherapy needs, various types of pulsatile drug delivery systems have been innovated. The purpose of this review is to highlight these innovations in the field of chronotherapy. AREAS COVERED The present review discusses in depth on recent patents and developments related to pulsatile drug delivery systems with eroding, soluble or rupturable barrier coatings, and systems with capsular structures. Besides focusing on all recent innovations, the review addresses the novelty and feasibility of all upcoming technologies being exploited considering pulsatile drug delivery systems. EXPERT OPINION There has been a growing interest in pulsatile delivery, which generally refers to the liberation of drugs following a programmable and well-defined lag phase from the time of administration. From 1981 until the present date, patent publications related to pulsatile drug delivery have shown more promising systems with numerous developments in arena of drug delivery. Future development of chronotherapeutic medications requires proper assessment and integration with other emerging disciplines such as hydrogel and transdermal delivery systems. The selection of the appropriate chronopharmaceutical technology should take into considerations with the ease of manufacturing and the cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit S Patil
- Sainath University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ranchi , India
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Strong LE, Dahotre SN, West JL. Hydrogel-nanoparticle composites for optically modulated cancer therapeutic delivery. J Control Release 2014; 178:63-8. [PMID: 24462898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) (NIPAAm-co-AAm) hydrogel with near-infrared (NIR) absorbing silica-gold nanoshells was designed as a platform for pulsatile delivery of cancer therapeutics. This hydrogel was designed to have a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) above physiologic temperature, such that the material will transition from a hydrated state to a collapsed state above ~40°C. Additionally, the silica-gold nanoshells used were designed to have a peak extinction coefficient in the NIR, where penetration of light through tissue is maximal. This heat-triggered material phase transition of the composite was found to follow exposure of NIR light, indicating the ability of the NIR absorption by the nanoshells to sufficiently drive this transition. The composite material was loaded with either doxorubicin or a DNA duplex (a model nucleic acid therapeutic), two cancer therapeutics with differing physical and chemical properties. Release of both therapeutics was dramatically enhanced by NIR light exposure, causing 2-5x increase in drug release. Drug delivery profiles were influenced by both the molecular size of the drug as well as its chemical properties. The DNA therapeutic showed slower rates of nonspecific delivery by passive diffusion due to its larger size. Additionally, only 70% of the more hydrophobic doxorubicin was released from the material, whereas the more hydrophilic DNA showed over 90% release. Further, hydrogel composites were used to deliver the doxorubicin to CT.26-WT colon carcinoma cells, eliciting a therapeutic response. This work validates the potential application for this material in site-specific cancer therapeutic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Strong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shreyas N Dahotre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer L West
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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Tahmaz Y, Çevikbaş A, Gürer ÜS, Gürbüz B, Çevikbaş U. Investigation of chronotherapeutic effects of amphotericin B administered to mice infected with Candida albicans. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2011.652861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lim ASP, Chang AM, Shulman JM, Raj T, Chibnik LB, Cain SW, Rothamel K, Benoist C, Myers AJ, Czeisler CA, Buchman AS, Bennett DA, Duffy JF, Saper CB, De Jager PL. A common polymorphism near PER1 and the timing of human behavioral rhythms. Ann Neurol 2012; 72:324-34. [PMID: 23034908 DOI: 10.1002/ana.23636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circadian rhythms influence the timing of behavior, neurological diseases, and even death. Rare mutations in homologs of evolutionarily conserved clock genes are found in select pedigrees with extreme sleep timing, and there is suggestive evidence that certain common polymorphisms may be associated with self-reported day/night preference. However, no common polymorphism has been associated with the timing of directly observed human behavioral rhythms or other physiological markers of circadian timing at the population level. METHODS We performed a candidate gene association study with replication, evaluating associations between polymorphisms in homologs of evolutionarily conserved clock genes and the timing of behavioral rhythms measured by actigraphy. For validated polymorphisms, we evaluated associations with transcript expression and time of death in additional cohorts. RESULTS rs7221412, a common polymorphism near period homolog 1 (PER1), was associated with the timing of activity rhythms in both the discovery and replication cohorts (joint p = 2.1 × 10(-7) ). Mean activity timing was delayed by 67 minutes in rs7221412(GG) versus rs7221412(AA) homozygotes. rs7221412 also showed a suggestive time-dependent relationship with both cerebral cortex (p = 0.05) and CD14+ CD16- monocyte (p = 0.02) PER1 expression and an interesting association with time of death (p = 0.015) in which rs7221412(GG) individuals had a mean time of death nearly 7 hours later than rs7221412(AA/AG) . INTERPRETATION A common polymorphism near PER1 is associated with the timing of human behavioral rhythms, and shows evidence of association with time of death. This may be mediated by differential PER1 expression. These results may facilitate individualized scheduling of shift work, medical treatments, or monitoring of vulnerable patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S P Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Wang X, Yan D, Teng M, Fan J, Zhou C, Li D, Qiu G, Sun X, Li T, Xing T, Tang H, Peng X, Peng Z. Reduced expression of PER3 is associated with incidence and development of colon cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2012; 19:3081-8. [PMID: 22350604 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-012-2279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Period 3 (PER3), a circadian regulation protein, influences cell cycle, growth, and differentiation. The aim of the present study was to determine whether PER3 expression is associated with colon cancer incidence and progression. METHODS PER3 expression was analyzed in the normal and cancerous tissues from patients with colon cancer by establishing a long serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) database as well as by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS As compared with normal tissue, a 2.8-fold decrease in PER3 mRNA levels in colon cancerous tissue was observed. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that PER3 mRNA levels in tumor tissues were lower than in normal tissues (P < 0.001) in both patients with colon tumor and those with rectal tumor. In addition, PER3 expression was related to multiple clinicopathologic factors, including tumor location, differentiation, and stage. Furthermore, the incidence of death was higher in subjects with PER3-negative tumors (P = 0.025); the estimated overall survival time was 71.5 ± 2.2 months and 58.6 ± 5.0 months in subjects with PER3-positive and PER3-negative tumors, respectively (P = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS PER3 may play a role in colon cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Climent J, Perez-Losada J, Quigley DA, Kim IJ, Delrosario R, Jen KY, Bosch A, Lluch A, Mao JH, Balmain A. Deletion of the PER3 gene on chromosome 1p36 in recurrent ER-positive breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28:3770-8. [PMID: 20625127 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of the PER3 circadian rhythm gene, located within the commonly deleted region of chromosome 1p36, in human breast cancer development. PATIENTS AND METHODS The frequency of genetic alterations at 1p36 and PER3 gene copy number status were analyzed in 180 lymph node-negative breast cancers from patients who had received treatment with chemotherapy and/or tamoxifen. The expression levels of PER3 were also analyzed using published microarray profiles from > 400 breast cancer samples. Finally, the effect of loss of Per3 on tumor susceptibility was tested using two mouse models of breast cancer. RESULTS Deletion of PER3 is directly related to tumor recurrence in patients with estrogen receptor (ER) - positive breast cancers treated with tamoxifen. Low expression of PER3 mRNA is associated with poor prognosis, particularly in a subset of tumors that are ER positive, and either luminal A or ERBB2-positive tumors. Mice deficient in Per3 showed increased susceptibility to breast cancer induced by carcinogen treatment or by overexpression of Erbb2. CONCLUSION Disruption of PER3 function may serve as an indicator of probability of tumor recurrence in patients with ER-positive tumors. Further investigations of this pathway may reveal links between deregulation of sleep homeostasis and breast tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Climent
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Khan Z, Pillay V, Choonara YE, du Toit LC. Drug delivery technologies for chronotherapeutic applications. Pharm Dev Technol 2010; 14:602-12. [PMID: 19883249 DOI: 10.3109/10837450902922736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
It has been proven that the body follows a 24-hour cycle called a circadian rhythm. This cycle is coordinated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus and controls nearly all bodily functions including those related to drug delivery. Knowledge of the body's circadian rhythm leads to an improved understanding of diseases and their treatment, known as chronotherapy, such that synchronizing drug application in accordance with the natural rhythm of the body leads to improved disease management and a greater patient therapeutic outcome. Chronotherapeutic diseases include asthma, cardiovascular diseases, glaucoma, rheumatoid arthritis and cancers. In order to treat these diseases numerous chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems have been developed, such that drug is released in the period when it is most needed. This review paper attempts to concisely explicate the role of circadian rhythms in various disease states and furthermore describes the various oral drug delivery technologies that have been employed for the treatment of chronotherapeutic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheeda Khan
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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31
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Aremu O, Uthman AO, Durojaiye OC. Chronomodulated chemotherapy versus conventional chemotherapy for Advanced and /or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Hippokratia 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd008255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olatunde Aremu
- The Karolinska Institute; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, The Institute of Environmental Medicine; Nobels våg 13,Karolinska Hospital, Solna Stockholm Sweden SE 17777
| | - Abdulrahman Olalekan Uthman
- University of Birmingham; WMHTAC, Public Health, Epidemiology & Biostatistics; Edgbaston Birmingham UK B15 2TT
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Sakamoto JH, van de Ven AL, Godin B, Blanco E, Serda RE, Grattoni A, Ziemys A, Bouamrani A, Hu T, Ranganathan SI, De Rosa E, Martinez JO, Smid CA, Buchanan RM, Lee SY, Srinivasan S, Landry M, Meyn A, Tasciotti E, Liu X, Decuzzi P, Ferrari M. Enabling individualized therapy through nanotechnology. Pharmacol Res 2010; 62:57-89. [PMID: 20045055 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2009.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Individualized medicine is the healthcare strategy that rebukes the idiomatic dogma of 'losing sight of the forest for the trees'. We are entering a new era of healthcare where it is no longer acceptable to develop and market a drug that is effective for only 80% of the patient population. The emergence of "-omic" technologies (e.g. genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) and advances in systems biology are magnifying the deficiencies of standardized therapy, which often provide little treatment latitude for accommodating patient physiologic idiosyncrasies. A personalized approach to medicine is not a novel concept. Ever since the scientific community began unraveling the mysteries of the genome, the promise of discarding generic treatment regimens in favor of patient-specific therapies became more feasible and realistic. One of the major scientific impediments of this movement towards personalized medicine has been the need for technological enablement. Nanotechnology is projected to play a critical role in patient-specific therapy; however, this transition will depend heavily upon the evolutionary development of a systems biology approach to clinical medicine based upon "-omic" technology analysis and integration. This manuscript provides a forward looking assessment of the promise of nanomedicine as it pertains to individualized medicine and establishes a technology "snapshot" of the current state of nano-based products over a vast array of clinical indications and range of patient specificity. Other issues such as market driven hurdles and regulatory compliance reform are anticipated to "self-correct" in accordance to scientific advancement and healthcare demand. These peripheral, non-scientific concerns are not addressed at length in this manuscript; however they do exist, and their impact to the paradigm shifting healthcare transformation towards individualized medicine will be critical for its success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason H Sakamoto
- The University of Texas Health Science Center, Department of Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDAC) have been under intense scientific investigation for a number of years. However, only recently the unique class III HDAC, sirtuins, have gained increasing investigational momentum. Originally linked to longevity in yeast, sirtuins and more specifically, SIRT1 have been implicated in numerous biological processes having both protective and/or detrimental effects. SIRT1 appears to play a critical role in the process of carcinogenesis, especially in age-related neoplasms. Similarly, alterations in circadian rhythms as well as production of the pineal hormone melatonin have been linked to aging and cancer risk. Melatonin has been found act as a differentiating agent in some cancer cells and to lower their invasive and metastatic status. In addition, melatonin synthesis and release occurs in a circadian rhythm fashion and it has been linked to the core circadian machinery genes (Clock, Bmal1, Periods, and Cryptochromes). Melatonin has also been associated with chronotherapy, the timely administration of chemotherapy agents to optimize trends in biological cycles. Interestingly, a recent set of studies have linked SIRT1 to the circadian rhythm machinery through direct deacetylation activity as well as through the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) salvage pathway. In this review, we provide evidence for a possible connection between sirtuins, melatonin, and the circadian rhythm circuitry and their implications in aging, chronomodulation, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney Jung-Hynes
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular & Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- The University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Address correspondence to: Nihal Ahmad, Ph.D., Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, MSC 423, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706; Phone: (608) 263-5359; Fax: (608) 263-5223;
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Manoharan S, Panjamurthy K, Balakrishnan S, Vasudevan K, Vellaichamy L. Circadian time-dependent chemopreventive potential of withaferin-A in 7,12-dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene-induced oral carcinogenesis. Pharmacol Rep 2009; 61:719-26. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(09)70125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Revised: 06/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Circadian rhythms govern a wide variety of physiological and metabolic functions in most organisms. At the heart of these regulatory pathways in mammals is the clock machinery, a remarkably coordinated transcription-translation system that relies on dynamic changes in chromatin states. Recent findings indicate that regulation also goes the other way, as specific elements of the clock can sense changes in cellular metabolism. Understanding in full detail the intimate links between cellular metabolism and the circadian clock machinery will provide not only crucial insights into system physiology but also new avenues toward pharmacological intervention of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California USA
| | - Paolo Sassone-Corsi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California USA
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Pati AK, Parganiha A, Kar A, Soni R, Roy S, Choudhary V. Alterations of the characteristics of the circadian rest-activity rhythm of cancer in-patients. Chronobiol Int 2008; 24:1179-97. [PMID: 18075806 DOI: 10.1080/07420520701800868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the characteristics of the circadian rest-activity rhythm of cancer patients. Thirty-one in-patients, consisting of 19 males and 12 females, were randomly selected from the Regional Cancer Center, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Raipur, India. The rest-activity rhythm was studied non-invasively by wrist actigraphy, and compared with 35 age-matched apparently healthy subjects (22 males and 13 females). All subjects wore an Actiwatch (AW64, Mini Mitter Co. Inc., USA) for at least 4-7 consecutive days. Fifteen-second epoch length was selected for gathering actigraphy data. In addition, several sleep parameters, such as time in bed, assumed sleep, actual sleep time, actual wake time, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, sleep bouts, wake bouts, and fragmentation index, were also recorded. Data were analyzed using several statistical techniques, such as cosinor rhythmometry, spectral analysis, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple-range test, and t-test. Dichotomy index (I<O) and autocorrelation coefficient (r24) were also computed. The results validated a statistically significant circadian rhythm in rest-activity with a prominent period of 24 h for most cancer patients and control subjects. Results of this study further revealed that cancer patients do experience a drastic alteration in the circadian rest-activity rhythm parameters. Both the dichotomy index and r24 declined in the group of cancer patients. The occurrence of the peak (acrophase, Ø) of the rest-activity rhythm was earlier (p<0.001) in cancer patients than age- and gender-matched control subjects. Results of sleep parameters revealed that cancer patients spent longer time in bed, had longer assumed and actual sleep durations, and a greater number of sleep and wake bouts compared to control subjects. Further, nap frequency, total nap duration, average nap, and total nap duration per 1 h awake span were statistically significantly higher in cancer patients than control subjects. In conclusion, the results of the present study document the disruption of the circadian rhythm in rest-activity of cancer in-patients, with a dampening of amplitude, lowering of mean level of activity, and phase advancement. These alterations of the circadian rhythm characteristics could be attributed to disease, irrespective of variability due to gender, sites of cancer, and timings of therapies. These results might help in designing patient-specific chronotherapeutic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Kumar Pati
- School of Life Sciences, Pt Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India.
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37
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Abstract
Many potential drugs that specifically target a particular protein considered to underlie a given disease have been found to be less effective than hoped, or to cause significant side effects. The intrinsic robustness of living systems against various perturbations is a key factor that prevents such compounds from being successful. By studying complex network systems and reformulating control and communication theories that are well established in engineering, a theoretical foundation for a systems-oriented approach to more effectively control the robustness of living systems, particularly at the cellular level, could be developed. Here, I use examples that are based on existing drugs to illustrate the concept of robustness, and then discuss how a greater consideration of the importance of robustness could influence the design of new drugs that will be intended to control complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kitano
- Sony Computer Science Laboratories Inc., 3-14-13 Higashi-Gotanda, Shinagawa, Tokyo 141-0022, Japan.
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Kondratov RV, Gorbacheva VY, Antoch MP. The role of mammalian circadian proteins in normal physiology and genotoxic stress responses. Curr Top Dev Biol 2007; 78:173-216. [PMID: 17338917 DOI: 10.1016/s0070-2153(06)78005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The last two decades have significantly advanced our understanding of the organization of the circadian system at all levels of regulation-molecular, cellular, tissue, and systemic. It has been recognized that the circadian system represents a complex temporal regulatory network, which plays an important role in synchronizing various biological processes within an organism and coordinating them with the environment. It is believed that deregulation of this synchronization may result in the development of various pathologies. However, recent studies using various circadian mutant mouse models have demonstrated that at least some of the components of the molecular oscillator are actively involved in physiological processes not directly related to their role in the circadian clock. The growing amount of evidence suggests that, in addition to their circadian function, circadian proteins are important in maintaining tissue homeostasis under normal and stress conditions. In this chapter, we will summarize recent data about the regulation of the mammalian molecular circadian oscillator and will focus on a new role of the circadian system and individual circadian proteins in the organism's physiology and response to genotoxic stress in connection with diseases treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V Kondratov
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Lee
- Institute of Economic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY, USA
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40
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Griniatsos J, Michail OP, Theocharis S, Arvelakis A, Papaconstantinou I, Felekouras E, Pikoulis E, Karavokyros I, Bakoyiannis C, Marinos G, Bramis J, Michail PO. Circadian variation in expression of G 1 phase cyclins D 1 and E and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16 and p21 in human bowel mucosa. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:2109-14. [PMID: 16610066 PMCID: PMC4087694 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i13.2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate whether the cellular proliferation rate in the large bowel epithelial cells is characterized by circadian rhythm.
METHODS: Between January 2003 and December 2004, twenty patients who were diagnosed as suffering from primary, resectable, non-metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lower rectum, infiltrating the sphincter mechanism, underwent abdominoperineal resection, total mesorectal excision and permanent left iliac colostomy. In formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens obtained from the colostomy mucosa every six hours (00:00, 06:00, 12:00, 18:00 and 24:00), we studied the expression of G1 phase cyclins (D1 and E) as well as the expression of the G1 phase cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p16 and p21 as indicators of cell cycle progression in colonic epithelial cells using immunohistochemical methods.
RESULTS: The expression of both cyclins showed a similar circadian fashion obtaining their lowest and highest values at 00:00 and 18:00, respectively (P< 0.001). A circadian rhythm in the expression of CDK inhibitor proteins p16 and p21 was also observed, with the lowest levels obtained at 12:00 and 18:00 (P< 0.001), respectively. When the complexes cyclins D1 - p21 and E - p21 were examined, the expression of the cyclins was adversely correlated to the p21 expression throughout the day. When the complexes the cyclins D1 - p16 and E - p16 were examined, high levels of p16 expression were correlated to low levels of cyclin expression at 00:00, 06:00 and 24:00. Meanwhile, the highest expression levels of both cyclins were correlated to high levels of p16 expression at 18:00.
CONCLUSION: Colonic epithelial cells seem to enter the G1 phase of the cell cycle during afternoon (between 12:00 and 18:00) with the highest rates obtained at 18:00. From a clinical point of view, the present results suggest that G1-phase specific anticancer therapies in afternoon might maximize their anti-tumor effect while minimizing toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Griniatsos
- 1st Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece.
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41
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Abstract
Circadian rhythms in the body are well established and are an important factor to consider when administering drugs. Many diseases display symptoms and onset characteristics that are not randomly distributed within 24 h (e.g., coronary infarction, angina pectoris, asthmatic attacks and peptic ulcer perforations); therefore, it is not surprising that the effects and/or pharmacokinetics of drugs can display significant daily variations. Recent data, primarily concerned with the chronopharmacokinetics of antiasthmatics, histamine H2-blockers and cardiovascular active drugs (e.g., propanolol, organic nitrate and nifedipine) are described as representative examples in this review. The data demonstrate that biological rhythms should have been taken into account when evaluating drug delivery systems, galenic formulations and pharmacokinetics as a basis for drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Lemmer
- University of Heidelberg, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Mannheim, Germany.
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42
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Maroni A, Zema L, Cerea M, Sangalli ME. Oral pulsatile drug delivery systems. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2005; 2:855-71. [PMID: 16296783 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2.5.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the field of modified release, there has been a growing interest in pulsatile delivery, which generally refers to the liberation of drugs following a programmable lag phase from the time of administration. In particular, the recent literature reports on a variety of pulsatile release systems intended for the oral route, which have been recognised as potentially beneficial to the chronotherapy of widespread diseases, such as bronchial asthma or angina pectoris, with mainly night or early morning symptoms. In addition, time-dependent colon delivery may also represent an appealing related application. The delayed liberation of orally administered drugs has been achieved through a range of formulation approaches, including single- or multiple-unit systems provided with release-controlling coatings, capsular devices and osmotic pumps. Based on these premises, the aim of this review is to outline the rational and prominent design strategies behind oral pulsatile delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Maroni
- Istituto di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Milano, Italy
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43
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Zeng ZL, Sun J, Guo L, Li S, Wu MW, Qiu F, Jiang WQ, Lévi F, Xian LJ. Circadian rhythm in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity and reduced glutathione content in peripheral blood of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Chronobiol Int 2005; 22:741-54. [PMID: 16147904 DOI: 10.1080/07420520500179969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is a rate-limiting enzyme of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) catabolism. Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide involved in platinum complex detoxification. This study explored the circadian rhythms of DPD activity and GSH concentration in the peripheral blood of 16 patients with histologically proven nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in order to guide the establishment of chronotherapeutic schedules for this cancer. DPD activity and GSH concentration were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both variables displayed significant circadian rhythms (Cosinor analysis: p = 0.009 and 0.012, respectively). Peak DPD activity occurred at about 02:30 h; whereas, peak GSH concentration occurred around 12:40 h. The differences between the peak and nadir mean values were 25.5% and 38.7%, respectively. The study showed that the circadian rhythms in DPD activity and GSH concentration in Chinese NPC are similar to those reported for western patients with colorectal cancer, despite the differences in race and kinds of cancer. These findings imply that the chronotherapeutic schedule of 5-FU and platinum used to treat European colorectal cancer patients probably is applicable to Chinese NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Lei Zeng
- Cancer Center, SUN Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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