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Barla RJ, Raghuvanshi S, Gupta S. A comprehensive review of flue gas bio-mitigation: chemolithotrophic interactions with flue gas in bio-reactors as a sustainable possibility for technological advancements. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:33165-33189. [PMID: 38668951 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Flue gas mitigation technologies aim to reduce the environmental impact of flue gas emissions, particularly from industrial processes and power plants. One approach to mitigate flue gas emissions involves bio-mitigation, which utilizes microorganisms to convert harmful gases into less harmful or inert substances. The review thus explores the bio-mitigation efficiency of chemolithotrophic interactions with flue gas and their potential application in bio-reactors. Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that can derive energy from inorganic compounds, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulfur dioxide (SO2), present in the flue gas. These microorganisms utilize specialized enzymatic pathways to oxidize these compounds and produce energy. By harnessing the metabolic capabilities of chemolithotrophs, flue gas emissions can be transformed into value-added products. Bio-reactors provide controlled environments for the growth and activity of chemolithotrophic microorganisms. Depending on the specific application, these can be designed as suspended or immobilized reactor systems. The choice of bio-reactor configuration depends on process efficiency, scalability, and ease of operation. Factors influencing the bio-mitigation efficiency of chemolithotrophic interactions include the concentration and composition of the flue gas, operating conditions (such as temperature, pH, and nutrient availability), and reactor design. Chemolithotrophic interactions with flue gas in bio-reactors offer a potentially efficient approach to mitigating flue gas emissions. Continued research and development in this field are necessary to optimize reactor design, microbial consortia, and operating conditions. Advances in understanding the metabolism and physiology of chemolithotrophic microorganisms will contribute to developing robust and scalable bio-mitigation technologies for flue gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Jovita Barla
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Smita Raghuvanshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Suresh Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
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Yan JF, Xiang L, Zhang BY, Tang C, Xie YQ, Li YW, Feng NX, Liu BL, Li H, Cai QY, Li QX, Zhao HM, Mo CH. Mechanism and Association between Microbial Nitrogen Transformation in Rhizosphere and Accumulation of Ciprofloxacin in Choysum ( Brassica parachinensis). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:16053-16064. [PMID: 37824517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Rhizosphere microbiota are an important factor impacting plant uptake of pollutants. However, little is known about how microbial nitrogen (N) transformation in the rhizosphere affects the uptake and accumulation of antibiotics in plants. Here, we determined recruitment of N transformation functional bacteria upon ciprofloxacin (CIP) exposure, by comparing differences in assembly processes of both rhizospheric bacterial communities and N transformation between two choysum (Brassica parachinensis) varieties differing in CIP accumulation. The low accumulation variety (LAV) of CIP recruited more host bacteria (e.g., Nitrospiria and Nitrolancea) carrying nitrification genes (mainly nxrA) but fewer host bacteria carrying denitrification genes, especially narG, relative to the high accumulation variety (HAV) of CIP. The nxrA and narG abundance in the LAV rhizosphere were, respectively, 1.6-7.8 fold higher and 1.4-3.4 fold lower than those in the HAV rhizosphere. Considering that nitrate can decrease CIP uptake into choysum through competing for the proton motive force and energy, such specific bacteria recruitment in LAV favored the production and utilization of nitrate in its rhizosphere, thus limiting its CIP accumulation with 1.6-2.4 fold lower than the HAV. The findings give insight into the mechanism underlying low pollutant accumulation, filling the knowledge gap regarding the profound effects of rhizosphere microflora and N transformation processes on antibiotic accumulation in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fang Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bi-Ying Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Can Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - You-Qun Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Wen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Nai-Xian Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bai-Lin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Quan-Ying Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Hai-Ming Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ce-Hui Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Fu K, Bian Y, Yang F, Liao M, Xu J, Qiu F. Influencing factors on the activity of an enriched Nitrospira culture with granular morphology. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37712531 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2260122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrospira is a common genus of nitrite-oxidising bacteria (NOB) found in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). To identify the key factors influencing the composition of NOB communities, research was conducted using both sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and continuous flow reactor under different conditions. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that Nitrospira (18.79% in R1 and 25.77% in R3) was the dominant NOB under low dissolved oxygen (DO) and low nitrite (NO 2 - -N) concentrations, while Nitrobacter (21.26% in R2) was the dominant NOB under high DO and high NO 2 - -N concentrations. Flocculent and granule sludge were cultivated with Nitrospira as the dominant genus. Compared to Nitrospira flocculent sludge, Nitrospira granule sludge had higher inhibition threshold concentrations for free ammonia (FA) and free nitrous acid (FNA). It was more likely to resist adverse environmental disturbances. Furthermore, the effects of environmental factors such as temperature, pH, and DO on the activity of Nitrospira granular sludge were also studied. The results showed that the optimum temperature and pH for Nitrospira granular sludge were 36°C and 7.0, respectively. Additionally, Nitrospira granular sludge showed a higher dissolved oxygen half-saturation constant (Ko) of 3.67 ± 0.71 mg/L due to its morphological characteristics. However, the majority of WWTPs conditions do not meet the conditions for the Nitrospira granular sludge. Thus, it can be speculated that future development of aerobic partial nitrification granular sludge may automatically eliminate the influence of Nitrospira. This study provides a theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of Nitrospira and the development of future water treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunming Fu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihao Bian
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhui Liao
- Powerchina Eco-environmental Group Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuguo Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Zhang S, Jin H, Chen J, Zhou K, Chen J, Chen J, Zhu G. Effects of dam building on the occurrence and activity of comammox bacteria in river sediments and their contribution to nitrification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161167. [PMID: 36572300 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The recent discovery of complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox) has fundamentally changed our understanding of nitrification. However, studies on the occurrence and activity of comammox bacteria and their contribution to nitrification remain unclear. Here, we investigated the abundance, activity, and diversity of comammox bacteria and their contribution to nitrification in sediments from dammed rivers in winter and summer. Our results indicated that comammox clade A was ubiquitous in all sediment samples and the community structure in comammox varied between the upper and lower reaches, but not on the time scale (winter and summer). Comammox activity in the dammed river sediments in summer was prominently higher than in winter (summer: 1.08 ± 0.52; winter: 0.197 ± 0.148 mg N kg-1 day-1). Furthermore, the activity of comammox bacteria in summer appeared higher in the vicinity of the dammed river and in the Sanjiang estuary, which is located downstream of the dammed river. The activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) (0.77 ± 0.478 mg N kg-1 day-1) was higher compared to comammox (0.639 ± 0.588 mg N kg-1 day-1) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) (0.026 ± 0.022 mg N kg-1 day-1) in both winter and summer. In terms of contribution to the nitrification process, AOB (winter: 67.13 ± 12.21 %; summer: 50.57 ± 16.14 %) outperformed comammox (winter: 28.59 ± 12.51 %; summer: 48.38 ± 16.62 %) and AOA (winter: <7.39 %; summer: <2.09 %). These findings indicated that the nitrification process in dammed river sediments was mainly dominated by AOB. Additionally, comammox activity was significantly affected by temperature and NH4+, suggesting that these variables were key determinants of the niche partitioning of comammox. Collectively, our findings provide novel perspectives into the widespread distribution and contribution of comammox to nitrification in dammed river ecosystems, thus broadening our understanding of the nitrification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuantao Wang
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Shenghua Zhang
- College of Harbour and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Huixia Jin
- NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jiwei Chen
- Ningbo River Management Center, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Ketao Zhou
- Ningbo River Management Center, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jinxi Chen
- NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jinfang Chen
- College of Harbour and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Guibing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Zhou R, Li Y, Xiao S, Liu X, Liu C, Cheng G, Zhang W, Lu S. Ecophysiological characterization of a nitrite-oxidizing bacterial culture from a freshwater aquaculture pond. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2144448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Runfeng Zhou
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yayuan Li
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shuwen Xiao
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chong Liu
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wang Zhang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shimin Lu
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Shanghai, PR China
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Sun H, Zhang H, Zhang F, Yang H, Lu J, Ge S, Ding J, Liu Y. Response of substrate kinetics and biological mechanisms to various pH constrains for cultured Nitrobacter and Nitrospira in nitrifying bioreactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 307:114499. [PMID: 35065378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite (NO2-) oxidation is an essential step of biological nitrogen cycling in natural ecosystems, and is performed by chemolithoautotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Although Nitrobacter and Nitrospira are regarded as representative NOB in nitrification systems, little attention has focused on kinetic characterisation of the coexistence of Nitrobacter and Nitrospira at various pH values. Here, we evaluate the substrate kinetics, biological mechanism and microbial community dynamics of an enrichment culture including Nitrobacter (17.5 ± 0.9%) and Nitrospira (7.2 ± 0.6%) in response to various pH constrains. Evaluation of the Monod equation at pH 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5 showed that the enrichment had maximum rate (rmax) and maximum substrate affinity (KS) for NO2- oxidation at pH 7.0, which was also supported by the largest absolute abundance of Nitrobacter nxrA (5.26 × 107 copies per g wet sludge) and Nitrospira nxrB (1.975 × 109 copies per g wet sludge) genes. Moreover, the predominant species for the Nitrobacter-like nxrA were N. vulgaris and N. winogradskyi, while for the Nitrospira-like nxrB, the predominant species were N. japonica, N. calida and Ca. N. bockiana. Furthermore, the rmax was strongly and positively correlated with the abundance of the Nitrobacter nxrA or Nitrospira nxrB genes, or N. winogradsk, whereas KS was positively correlated with the abundance of Nitrobacter nxrA or Nitrospira nxrB genes or Ca. N. bockiana. Overall, this study could improve basis kinetic parameters and biological mechanism of NO2- oxidation in WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Sun
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jianbo Lu
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jing Ding
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Yucan Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China.
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Hossain S, Chow CWK, Cook D, Sawade E, Hewa GA. Review of Nitrification Monitoring and Control Strategies in Drinking Water System. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074003. [PMID: 35409686 PMCID: PMC8997939 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nitrification is a major challenge in chloraminated drinking water systems, resulting in undesirable loss of disinfectant residual. Consequently, heterotrophic bacteria growth is increased, which adversely affects the water quality, causing taste, odour, and health issues. Regular monitoring of various water quality parameters at susceptible areas of the water distribution system (WDS) helps to detect nitrification at an earlier stage and allows sufficient time to take corrective actions to control it. Strategies to monitor nitrification in a WDS require conducting various microbiological tests or assessing surrogate parameters that are affected by microbiological activities. Additionally, microbial decay factor (Fm) is used by water utilities to monitor the status of nitrification. In contrast, approaches to manage nitrification in a WDS include controlling various factors that affect monochloramine decay rate and ammonium substrate availability, and that can inhibit nitrification. However, some of these control strategies may increase the regulated disinfection-by-products level, which may be a potential health concern. In this paper, various strategies to monitor and control nitrification in a WDS are critically examined. The key findings are: (i) the applicability of some methods require further validation using real WDS, as the original studies were conducted on laboratory or pilot systems; (ii) there is no linkage/formula found to relate the surrogate parameters to the concentration of nitrifying bacteria, which possibly improve nitrification monitoring performance; (iii) improved methods/monitoring tools are required to detect nitrification at an earlier stage; (iv) further studies are required to understand the effect of soluble microbial products on the change of surrogate parameters. Based on the current review, we recommend that the successful outcome using many of these methods is often site-specific, hence, water utilities should decide based on their regular experiences when considering economic and sustainability aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Hossain
- Scarce Resources and Circular Economy (ScaRCE), UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; (C.W.K.C.); (G.A.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Christopher W. K. Chow
- Scarce Resources and Circular Economy (ScaRCE), UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; (C.W.K.C.); (G.A.H.)
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - David Cook
- South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (D.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Emma Sawade
- South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (D.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Guna A. Hewa
- Scarce Resources and Circular Economy (ScaRCE), UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; (C.W.K.C.); (G.A.H.)
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Comprehensive assessment of the microalgae-nitrifying bacteria competition in microalgae-based wastewater treatment systems: Relevant factors, evaluation methods and control strategies. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lantz MA, Boddicker AM, Kain MP, Berg OMC, Wham CD, Mosier AC. Physiology of the Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacterium Candidatus Nitrotoga sp. CP45 Enriched From a Colorado River. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:709371. [PMID: 34484146 PMCID: PMC8415719 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen cycling microbes, including nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), perform critical ecosystem functions that help mitigate anthropogenic stresses and maintain ecosystem health. Activity of these beneficial nitrogen cycling microbes is dictated in part by the microorganisms’ response to physicochemical conditions, such as temperature, pH, and nutrient availability. NOB from the newly described Candidatus Nitrotoga genus have been detected in a wide range of habitats across the globe, yet only a few organisms within the genus have been physiologically characterized. For freshwater systems where NOB are critical for supporting aquatic life, Ca. Nitrotoga have been previously detected but little is known about the physiological potential of these organisms or their response to changing environmental conditions. Here, we determined functional response to environmental change for a representative freshwater species of Ca. Nitrotoga (Ca. Nitrotoga sp. CP45, enriched from a Colorado river). The physiological findings demonstrated that CP45 maintained nitrite oxidation at pH levels of 5–8, at temperatures from 4 to 28°C, and when incubated in the dark. Light exposure and elevated temperature (30°C) completely halted nitrite oxidation. Ca. Nitrotoga sp. CP45 maintained nitrite oxidation upon exposure to four different antibiotics, and potential rates of nitrite oxidation by river sediment communities were also resilient to antibiotic stress. We explored the Ca. Nitrotoga sp. CP45 genome to make predictions about adaptations to enable survival under specific conditions. Overall, these results contribute to our understanding of the versatility of a representative freshwater Ca. Nitrotoga sp. Identifying the specific environmental conditions that maximize NOB metabolic rates may ultimately direct future management decisions aimed at restoring impacted systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munira A Lantz
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Andrew M Boddicker
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Michael P Kain
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Owen M C Berg
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Courtney D Wham
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Annika C Mosier
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
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Anammox-Based Processes for Mature Leachate Treatment in SBR: A Modelling Study. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature landfill leachates are characterized by high levels of ammoniacal nitrogen which must be reduced for discharge in the sewer system and further treatment in municipal wastewater treatment plants. The use of anammox-based processes can allow for an efficient treatment of ammonium-rich leachates. In this work, two real scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), designed to initially perform partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) and simultaneous partial nitrification and denitrification (SPND) for the treatment of ammonium-rich urban landfill leachate, were modelled using BioWin 6.0 in order to enable plant-wide modelling and optimizing. The constructed models were calibrated and validated using data from long- and short-term (one cycle) SBR operation and fit well to the main physical-chemical parameters (i.e., ammonium, nitrite and nitrate concentrations) measured during short-term (one cycle) operations. Despite the different strategies in terms of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations and aeration and mixing patterns applied for SBR operation, the models allowed for understanding that in both reactors the PN/A process was shown as the main contributor to nitrogen removal when the availability of organic carbon was low. Indeed, in both SBRs, the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria was inhibited due to high levels of free ammonia, whereas anammox bacteria were active due to the simultaneous presence of ammonium and nitrite and their ability to recover from DO inhibition. Increasing the external carbon addition, a prompt decrease of the anammox biomass was observed, with SPND becoming the main nitrogen removal mechanism. Models were also applied to estimate the production rates of nitrous oxide by aerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and heterotrophic denitrifiers. The models were found to be a robust tool for understanding the effects of different operating conditions (i.e, temperature, cycle phases, DO concentration, external carbon addition) on the nitrogen removal performances of the two reactors, assessing the contribution of the different bacterial groups involved.
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11
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Li D, Fang F, Liu G. Efficient Nitrification and Low-Level N 2O Emission in a Weakly Acidic Bioreactor at Low Dissolved-Oxygen Levels Are Due to Comammox. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e00154-21. [PMID: 33975896 PMCID: PMC8208134 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00154-21r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrification is an essential process for nutrient removal from wastewater and an important emission source of nitrous oxide (N2O), which is a powerful greenhouse gas and a dominant ozone-depleting substance. In this study, nitrification and N2O emissions were tested in two weakly acidic (pH 6.3 to 6.8) reactors: one with dissolved oxygen (DO) at over 2.0 mg/liter and the other with DO at approximately 0.5 mg/liter. Efficient nitrification was achieved in both reactors. Compared to that in the high-DO reactor, N2O emission in the low-DO reactor decreased slightly, by 20%, and had insignificant correlation with the fluctuations of DO (P = 0.935) and nitrite (P = 0.713), indicating that N2O might not be produced mainly via nitrifier denitrification. Based on quantitative PCR (qPCR), quantitative fluorescent in situ hybridization (qFISH), and functional gene amplicon and metagenome sequencing, it was found that complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox), i.e., Nitrospira organisms, significantly outnumbered canonical ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in both weakly acidic reactors, especially in the low-DO reactor with the comammox/AOB amoA gene ratio increasing from 6.6 to 17.1. Therefore, it was speculated that the enriched comammox was the primary cause for the slightly decreased N2O emission under long-term low DO in the weakly acidic reactor. This study demonstrated that the comammox Nitrospira can survive well under the weakly acidic and low-DO conditions, implying that achieving efficient nitrification with low N2O emission as well as low energy and alkalinity consumption is feasible for wastewater treatment.IMPORTANCE Nitrification in wastewater treatment is an important process for eutrophication control and an emission source for the greenhouse gas N2O. The nitrifying process is usually operated at a slightly alkaline pH and high DO (>2 mg/liter) to ensure efficient nitrification. However, it consumes a large amount of energy and chemicals, especially for wastewater without sufficient alkalinity. This paper demonstrates that comammox can adapt well to the weakly acidic and low-DO bioreactors, with a result of efficient nitrification and low N2O emission. These findings indicate that comammox organisms are significant for sustainable wastewater treatment, which provides an opportunity to achieve efficient nitrification with low N2O production as well as low energy and chemical consumption simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyong Li
- School of the Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Treatment Processes and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- School of the Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Fang
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- School of the Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Treatment Processes and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- School of the Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Guo J, Cong Q, Zhang J, Zhang L, Meng L, Liu M, Ma F. Nitrous oxide emission in a laboratory anoxic-oxic process at different influent pHs: Generation pathways and the composition and function of bacterial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 328:124844. [PMID: 33609882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the nitrous oxide (N2O) generation from the biological nitrogen removal process under different pH levels. To explore a pH optimum, the online N2O emission and the bacterial composition and function in the anoxic-oxic process were investigated. The mean gaseous N2O emission accounted for 0.329%, 0.103%, 0.085%, and 0.793% of the influent total nitrogen at pH of 5, 6, 8, and 9, respectively. Incomplete oxidation in oxic tanks was the primary source of N2O, while N2O in the anoxic tank was mainly generated by nitrifier denitrification. No direct correlations were observed between N2O emission and potential nitrifiers and denitrifiers. The impacts of pH on N2O generation were more likely related to the response of bacterial enzymes and nitrogen compounds, rather than the feedback of bacterial community structure itself. Above all, an influent pH range of 6-8 is recommended for nitrogen removal and N2O mitigation in anoxic-oxic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Guo
- School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China.
| | - Qiwei Cong
- Weihai Water Group Co. LTD, Weihai 264200, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Storage Center of Jilin Petrochemical Company, Jilin 132000, China
| | - Lanhe Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Lingwei Meng
- School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Mingwei Liu
- School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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13
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Efficient nitrification and low N 2O emission in a weakly acidic bioreactor at low dissolved oxygen levels are due to comammox. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.00154-21. [PMID: 33741624 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00154-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrification is an essential process for nutrient removal from wastewater and an important emission source of nitrous-oxide (N2O), which is a powerful greenhouse gas and a dominant ozone-depleting substance. In this study, nitrification and N2O emissions were tested in two weakly acidic (pH = 6.3-6.8) reactors: one with dissolved oxygen (DO) over 2.0 mg/L and the other with DO approximately 0.5 mg/L. Efficient nitrification was achieved in both reactors. Compared to the high-DO reactor, N2O emission in the low-DO reactor decreased slightly by 20% and had insignificant correlation with the fluctuations of DO (P = 0.935) and nitrite (P = 0.713), indicating that N2O might not be mainly produced via nitrifier denitrification. Based on qPCR, qFISH, functional gene amplicon and metagenome sequencing, it was found that complete ammonia oxidizer (comammox) Nitrospira significantly outnumbered canonical ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in both weakly acidic reactors, especially in the low DO reactor with the comammox/AOB amoA gene ratio increasing from 6.6 to 17.1. Therefore, it was speculated that the enriched comammox was the primary cause for the slightly decreased N2O emission under long-term low DO in weakly acidic reactor. This study demonstrated that comammox Nitrospira can survive well under the weakly acidic and low-DO conditions, implying that achieving efficient nitrification with low N2O emission as well as low energy and alkalinity consumption is feasible for wastewater treatment.ImportanceNitrification in wastewater treatment is an important process for eutrophication control and an emission source for greenhouse gas of N2O. The nitrifying process is usually operated at a slightly alkaline pH and high DO (>2 mg/L) to ensure efficient nitrification. However, it consumes a large amount of energy and chemicals especially for wastewater without sufficient alkalinity. This manuscript demonstrated that comammox can adapt well to the weakly acidic and low-DO bioreactors, with a result of efficient nitrification and low N2O emission. These findings indicate that comammox are significant for sustainable wastewater treatment, which provides an opportunity to achieve efficient nitrification with low N2O production as well as low energy and chemical consumption simultaneously.
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14
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He M, Xiong Y, Cheng K. Characters of a nitrobacter enrichment culture from a freshwater aquaculture pond. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1974944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mengying He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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15
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Liu X. Comparing three mathematical models using different substrates for prediction of partial nitrification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 749:141643. [PMID: 33370887 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Modelling of partial nitrification process is affected by several factors such as selection of true substrates, FA and FNA inhibition, and pH effect on growth rate. Among these factors, the selection of true substrates is very critical as it affects the structure of the model. In the present work, a new model adopting free ammonia (FA) and free nitrous acids (FNA) as the true substrate for ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) was proposed. Then the proposed model was compared with two reported models which adopted ammonium and nitrite, and FA and nitrite as the true substrate for AOB and NOB, respectively. The three mathematical models were compared in terms of predicted minimum dissolved oxygen (DO) in response to varied solids retention time (SRT) (10-30 d), pH (7-8.5), and temperature (10-35 °C). The input kinetic values were justified and updated based on statistical analysis of literature data. Adopting FA as the true substrate increased the minimum DO for AOB. Further, experimental data from different literature studies were taken for model simulation and comparison. Inconsistency was observed between the model prediction and literature data for all three models. The model that adopted ammonium and nitrite as the true substrate for AOB and NOB had better consistency with literature data than other two models. The affecting factors for the model prediction was classified into three levels and discussed in detail. Future work was proposed. The results of this study provide valuable information for the design and modelling of partial nitrification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Liu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512, United States.
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16
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Seco A, Ruano MV, Ruiz-Martinez A, Robles A, Barat R, Serralta J, Ferrer J. Plant-wide modelling in wastewater treatment: showcasing experiences using the Biological Nutrient Removal Model. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:1700-1714. [PMID: 32644962 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant-wide modelling can be considered an appropriate approach to represent the current complexity in water resource recovery facilities, reproducing all known phenomena in the different process units. Nonetheless, novel processes and new treatment schemes are still being developed and need to be fully incorporated in these models. This work presents a short chronological overview of some of the most relevant plant-wide models for wastewater treatment, as well as the authors' experience in plant-wide modelling using the general model BNRM (Biological Nutrient Removal Model), illustrating the key role of general models (also known as supermodels) in the field of wastewater treatment, both for engineering and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Seco
- CALAGUA Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain E-mail:
| | - M V Ruano
- CALAGUA Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain E-mail:
| | - A Ruiz-Martinez
- CALAGUA Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain E-mail:
| | - A Robles
- CALAGUA Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain E-mail:
| | - R Barat
- CALAGUA Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering, IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Serralta
- CALAGUA Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering, IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Ferrer
- CALAGUA Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering, IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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17
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Ozone-assisted catalytic oxidation of aqueous nitrite ions on HZSM-5 zeolites. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14322. [PMID: 31586086 PMCID: PMC6778124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous removal of NOx and SO2 during the wet absorption process has made it possible for nitrogen resource utilization. However, nitrites formation at high ratio in absorption solution would limit its application. In this study, the catalytic oxidation behaviors of aqueous nitrite ions assisted by ozone on HZSM-5 zeolites with different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios have been investigated. The experimental results revealed that the oxidation and disproportionation reactions of nitrite ions took place competitively, both of which were accelerated under acidic condition. Moreover, the introduction of HZSM-5 zeolites and ozone would significantly improve the nitrite oxidation rate, where the zeolites with high SiO2/Al2O3 ratios were found to be more effective owing to the enhanced adsorption of nitrite ions and ozone. Based on the results under different operating conditions (such as O3 concentration, HZSM-5 dosage, pH values and presence of radical scavengers etc.), the reaction mechanism was then proposed. The disproportionation reaction of nitrite ions mainly occurred in the bulk solution. And the catalytic oxidation of nitrite ions over zeolites proceeded via a non-radical surface reaction between the adsorbed nitrite ions and ozone/oxygen molecular.
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18
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Shi M, Li J, Zhang W, Zhou Q, Niu Y, Zhang Z, Gao Y, Yan S. Contrasting impact of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on nitrogen cycle in eutrophic water with or without Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:285-297. [PMID: 30798238 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The elevation of atmospheric CO2 is an inevitable trend that would lead to significant impact on the interrelated carbon and nitrogen cycles through microbial activities in the aquatic ecosystem. Eutrophication has become a common trophic state of inland waters throughout the world, but how the elevated CO2 affects N cycles in such eutrophic water with algal bloom, and how vegetative restoration helps to mitigate N2O emission remains unknown. We conducted the experiments to investigate the effects of ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2 (a[CO2], e[CO2]; 400, 800 μmol﹒mol-1) with and without the floating aquatic plant, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, on N-transformation in eutrophic water using the 15N tracer method. The nitrification could be slightly inhibited by e[CO2], due mainly to the competition for dissolved inorganic carbon between algae and nitrifiers. The e[CO2] promoted denitrification and N2O emissions from eutrophic water without growth of plants, leading to aggravation of greenhouse effect and forming a vicious cycle. However, growth of the aquatic plant, Eichhornia crassipes, slightly promoted nitrification, but reduced N2O emissions from eutrophic water under e[CO2] conditions, thereby attenuating the negative effect of e[CO2] on N2O emissions. In the experiment, the N transformation was influenced by many factors such as pH, DO and algae density, except e[CO2] and plant presence. The pH could be regulated through diurnal photosynthesis and respiration of algae and mitigated the acidification of water caused by e[CO2], leading to an appropriate pH range for both nitrifying and denitrifying microbes. Algal respiration at night could consume DO and enhance abundance of denitrifying functional genes (nirK, nosZ) in water, which was also supposed to be a critical factor affecting denitrification and N2O emissions. This study clarifies how the greenhouse effect caused by e[CO2] mediates N biogeochemical cycle in the aquatic ecosystem, and how vegetative restoration mitigates greenhouse gas emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Shi
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jiangye Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuhan Niu
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Shaohua Yan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
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19
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Jiang Y, Yang K, Shang Y, Zhang H, Wei L, Wang H. Response and recovery of aerobic granular sludge to pH shock for simultaneous removal of aniline and nitrogen. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:366-374. [PMID: 30641378 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Considering the pH fluctuation in industrial wastewater, the response and resilience to pH shock should be investigated during aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system operation. In this work, three AGS reactors, namely R1, R2, and R3 for simultaneous removal of aniline and nitrogen were exposed to neutral, acidic, and alkaline conditions, respectively. The removal efficiency of aniline and chemical oxygen demand with pH variation was over 99.9% and 91.0%, respectively after stable in the three reactors. The aniline removal rate modestly decreased in R2 and R3 after pH varied and denitrification was slightly improved in acidic environment with average removal efficiency of 61.2%. The mature AGS could maintain settleability in R1 and R2 with 30 min sludge volume index below 35 mL g-1 but was unstable under alkaline condition. Correspondingly, the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances especially protein decreased notably in R3. The bacterial groups varied with pH shock, but some could recover after adjustment to original pH value. Proteobacteria was the predominant phylum in the three reactors and Bacteroidetes was enriched in alkaline conditions. In addition, the main functional genera such as Achromobacter, Defluviimonas, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, and Pseudoxanthomonas, were detected in the system and were found to be responsible for reduction of aniline and nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu Shang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huining Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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20
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Bourgeois FR, Monette F, Cyr DG. Operational modifications for the development of nitrifying bacteria in a large-scale biological aerated filter and its impact on wastewater treatment. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:1704-1714. [PMID: 30500794 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To develop a better understanding for fixed biomass processes, the development of a nitrifying bacterial biofilm, as well as the performance of treatment during modifications to operational conditions of a full-scale submerged biological filter were examined. The development of the nitrifying biofilm was investigated at four depth levels (1, 2, 4 and 5 feet). The result of bacterial subpopulations analyzed by qPCR relative to the physico-chemical parameters of the wastewater during the various tests (sustained aeration, modified backwash parameters and inflow restriction) revealed an increase of the relative presence of nitrifying microorganisms throughout the biofilm (especially for nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB)), but this was not necessarily accompanied by a better nitrification rate. The highest observed nitrification rate was 49% of removal in the test cell during backwashing conditions, whereas the relative ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) population was 0.032% and NOB was 0.008% of the total biomass collected. The highest percentage of nitrifying bacteria observed (0.034% AOB and 0.18% NOB) resulted in a nitrification rate of 21%. The treatment of organic matter determined by measuring the chemical and biochemical oxygen demand (COD, CBOD5) was improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- François-René Bourgeois
- Département de génie de la construction. STEPPE - Station Expérimentale des Procédés Pilotes en Environnement, École de technologie supérieure - Université du Québec, 1100 Notre-Dame Street West, Montréal, Québec H3C 1K3, Canada E-mail:
| | - Frédéric Monette
- Département de génie de la construction. STEPPE - Station Expérimentale des Procédés Pilotes en Environnement, École de technologie supérieure - Université du Québec, 1100 Notre-Dame Street West, Montréal, Québec H3C 1K3, Canada E-mail:
| | - Daniel G Cyr
- Laboratoire de toxicologie environnementale, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier - Université du Québec, 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
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21
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Ruiz-Martínez A, Claros J, Serralta J, Bouzas A, Ferrer J. Modeling the decay of nitrite oxidizing bacteria under different reduction potential conditions. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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22
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Le QN, Yoshimura C, Fujii M. Effects of the chemical characteristics and concentration of inorganic suspended solids on nitrification in freshwater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 76:3101-3113. [PMID: 29210696 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effect of inorganic suspended solids (ISS) on nitrification in freshwater samples has been described inconsistently and remains unclear. This study therefore investigated the effects of the chemical characteristics and concentration of ISS on the nitrification rate by focusing on Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrobacter winogradskyi as the two most dominant nitrification species in freshwater. Batch-wise experiments were conducted using three chemically well-characterized ISS (i.e. the clay minerals montmorillonite, sericite, and kaolinite in the concentration range 0-1,000 mg L-1). The results show that the ammonium oxidation rate constant (kNH4) was significantly affected by the ISS type, whereas changes in the ISS concentration had an insignificant effect on kNH4, except for kaolinite. The highest kNH4 was observed in samples containing sericite (kNH4, 0.067 L mg-1 day-1), followed by samples containing montmorillonite (kNH4, 0.044 L mg-1 day-1). The ammonium oxidation rate was low in the control and kaolinite samples. Nitrite oxidation was enhanced in the presence of all types of ISS. The rate constants of ISS-mediated nitrite oxidation (kNO2, 0.13-0.21 L mg-1 day-1) were not significantly different among the three types of ISS, but kNO2 was significantly affected by ISS concentration. Overall, our study indicated various effects of the ISS type and concentration on nitrification and, in particular, a notable positive effect of sericite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh Nga Le
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M1-4 Ookayama, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan E-mail:
| | - Chihiro Yoshimura
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M1-4 Ookayama, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan E-mail:
| | - Manabu Fujii
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M1-4 Ookayama, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan E-mail:
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Ramanathan B, Boddicker AM, Roane TM, Mosier AC. Nitrifier Gene Abundance and Diversity in Sediments Impacted by Acid Mine Drainage. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2136. [PMID: 29209281 PMCID: PMC5701628 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extremely acidic and metal-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) waters can have severe toxicological effects on aquatic ecosystems. AMD has been shown to completely halt nitrification, which plays an important role in transferring nitrogen to higher organisms and in mitigating nitrogen pollution. We evaluated the gene abundance and diversity of nitrifying microbes in AMD-impacted sediments: ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Samples were collected from the Iron Springs Mining District (Ophir, CO, United States) during early and late summer in 2013 and 2014. Many of the sites were characterized by low pH (<5) and high metal concentrations. Sequence analyses revealed AOA genes related to Nitrososphaera, Nitrosotalea, and Nitrosoarchaeum; AOB genes related to Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira; and NOB genes related to Nitrospira. The overall abundance of AOA, AOB and NOB was examined using quantitative PCR (qPCR) amplification of the amoA and nxrB functional genes and 16S rRNA genes. Gene copy numbers ranged from 3.2 × 104 – 4.9 × 107 archaeal amoA copies ∗ μg DNA-1, 1.5 × 103 – 5.3 × 105 AOB 16S rRNA copies ∗ μg DNA-1, and 1.3 × 106 – 7.7 × 107Nitrospira nxrB copies ∗ μg DNA-1. Overall, Nitrospira nxrB genes were found to be more abundant than AOB 16S rRNA and archaeal amoA genes in most of the sample sites across 2013 and 2014. AOB 16S rRNA and Nitrospira nxrB genes were quantified in sediments with pH as low as 3.2, and AOA amoA genes were quantified in sediments as low as 3.5. Though pH varied across all sites (pH 3.2–8.3), pH was not strongly correlated to the overall community structure or relative abundance of individual OTUs for any gene (based on CCA and Spearman correlations). pH was positivity correlated to the total abundance (qPCR) of AOB 16S rRNA genes, but not for any other genes. Metals were not correlated to the overall nitrifier community composition or abundance, but were correlated to the relative abundances of several individual OTUs. These findings extend our understanding of the distribution of nitrifying microbes in AMD-impacted systems and provide a platform for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Ramanathan
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Andrew M Boddicker
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Timberley M Roane
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Annika C Mosier
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
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24
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Raimonet M, Cazier T, Rocher V, Laverman AM. Nitrifying Kinetics and the Persistence of Nitrite in the Seine River, France. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2017; 46:585-595. [PMID: 28724105 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2016.06.0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although a higher oxidation rate for nitrite than for ammonia generally prevents nitrite accumulation in oxic waters, nitrite concentrations in the Seine River (1-31 μM) exceed European norms. We investigated the kinetics of in situ ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing communities in river water and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents to determine the role of pelagic nitrification in the origin and persistence of nitrite downstream of Paris. The main source of nitrite is the major Parisian WWTP, and its persistence, up to tens of kilometers downstream of the plant, is explained by low ammonia and nitrite oxidation rates and high river flow. Furthermore, similar nitrite and ammonia oxidation rates preclude a rapid consumption of both preexisting nitrite and nitrite produced by ammonia oxidation. Maximum ammonia oxidation rates are two to three times higher downstream than upstream of the WWTP, indicating the input of ammonia oxidizers and ammonia from the WWTP. In both river water and WWTP effluents, nitrite oxidizers were unable to oxidize all available nitrite. In the human-impacted Seine River, this phenomenon might be due to mixotrophy. This study highlights the low resilience of the river to nitrite contamination as well as the importance of managing nitrite, nitrifiers, and organic matter concentrations in WWTP effluents to avoid nitrite persistence in rivers.
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Le TTH, Zeunert S, Lorenz M, Meon G. Multivariate statistical assessment of a polluted river under nitrification inhibition in the tropics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:13845-13862. [PMID: 28409429 PMCID: PMC5434165 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8989-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A large complex water quality data set of a polluted river, the Tay Ninh River, was evaluated to identify its water quality problems, to assess spatial variation, to determine the main pollution sources, and to detect relationships between parameters. This river is highly polluted with organic substances, nutrients, and total iron. An important problem of the river is the inhibition of the nitrification. For the evaluation, different statistical techniques including cluster analysis (CA), discriminant analysis (DA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied. CA clustered 10 water quality stations into three groups corresponding to extreme, high, and moderate pollution. DA used only seven parameters to differentiate the defined clusters. The PCA resulted in four principal components. The first PC is related to conductivity, NH4-N, PO4-P, and TP and determines nutrient pollution. The second PC represents the organic pollution. The iron pollution is illustrated in the third PC having strong positive loadings for TSS and total Fe. The fourth PC explains the dependence of DO on the nitrate production. The nitrification inhibition was further investigated by PCA. The results showed a clear negative correlation between DO and NH4-N and a positive correlation between DO and NO3-N. The influence of pH on the NH4-N oxidation could not be detected by PCA because of the very low nitrification rate due to the constantly low pH of the river and because of the effect of wastewater discharge with very high NH4-N concentrations. The results are deepening the understanding of the governing water quality processes and hence to manage the river basins sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Huyen Le
- Department of Hydrology, Water Resources Management and Water Protection, Leichtweiss Institute for Hydraulic Research and Water Resources, University of Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 51a, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Zeunert
- Department of Hydrology, Water Resources Management and Water Protection, Leichtweiss Institute for Hydraulic Research and Water Resources, University of Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 51a, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Malte Lorenz
- Department of Hydrology, Water Resources Management and Water Protection, Leichtweiss Institute for Hydraulic Research and Water Resources, University of Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 51a, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Günter Meon
- Department of Hydrology, Water Resources Management and Water Protection, Leichtweiss Institute for Hydraulic Research and Water Resources, University of Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 51a, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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26
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Hüpeden J, Wegen S, Off S, Lücker S, Bedarf Y, Daims H, Kühn C, Spieck E. Relative Abundance of Nitrotoga spp. in a Biofilter of a Cold-Freshwater Aquaculture Plant Appears To Be Stimulated by Slightly Acidic pH. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:1838-45. [PMID: 26746710 PMCID: PMC4784051 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03163-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The functioning of recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) is essential to maintain water quality for fish health, and one crucial process here is nitrification. The investigated RAS was connected to a rainbow trout production system and operated at an average temperature of 13°C and pH 6.8. Community analyses of the nitrifying biofilm revealed a coexistence of Nitrospira and Nitrotoga, and it is hypothesized that a slightly acidic pH in combination with lower temperatures favors the growth of the latter. Modification of the standard cultivation approach toward lower pH values of 5.7 to 6.0 resulted in the successful enrichment (99% purity) of Nitrotoga sp. strain HW29, which had a 16S rRNA sequence similarity of 99.0% to Nitrotoga arctica. Reference cultures of Nitrospira defluvii and the novel Nitrotoga sp. HW29 were used to confirm differentiation of these nitrite oxidizers in distinct ecological niches. Nitrotoga sp. HW29 revealed pH and temperature optima of 6.8 and 22°C, respectively, whereas Nitrospira defluvii displayed the highest nitrite oxidation rate at pH 7.3 and 32°C. We report here the occurrence of Nitrotoga as one of the main nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in freshwater aquaculture systems and indicate that a slightly acidic pH, in addition to temperatures below 20°C, can be applied as a selective isolation criterion for this microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hüpeden
- Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Wegen
- Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Off
- Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lücker
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne Bedarf
- Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Daims
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carsten Kühn
- State Research Centre of Agriculture and Fisheries Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Institute of Fisheries, Rostock, Germany
| | - Eva Spieck
- Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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27
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Raimonet M, Vilmin L, Flipo N, Rocher V, Laverman AM. Modelling the fate of nitrite in an urbanized river using experimentally obtained nitrifier growth parameters. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 73:373-387. [PMID: 25704156 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining low nitrite concentrations in aquatic systems is a major issue for stakeholders due to nitrite's high toxicity for living species. This study reports on a cost-effective and realistic approach to study nitrite dynamics and improve its modelling in human-impacted river systems. The implementation of different nitrifying biomasses to model riverine communities and waste water treatment plant (WWTP)-related communities enabled us to assess the impact of a major WWTP effluent on in-river nitrification dynamics. The optimal kinetic parameters and biomasses of the different nitrifying communities were determined and validated by coupling laboratory experiments and modelling. This approach was carried out in the Seine River, as an example of a large human-impacted river with high nitrite concentrations. The simulation of nitrite fate was performed at a high spatial and temporal resolution (Δt = 10 min, dx¯ = 500 m) including water and sediment layers along a 220 km stretch of the Seine River for a 6-year period (2007-2012). The model outputs were in good agreement with the peak of nitrite downstream the WWTP as well as its slow decrease towards the estuary. Nitrite persistence between the WWTP and the estuary was mostly explained by similar production and consumption rates of nitrite in both water and sediment layers. The sediment layer constituted a significant source of nitrite, especially during high river discharges (0.1-0.4 mgN h(-1) m(-2)). This points out how essential it is to represent the benthic layer in river water quality models, since it can constitute a source of nitrite to the water-column. As a consequence of anthropogenic emissions and in-river processes, nitrite fluxes to the estuary were significant and varied from 4.1 to 5.5 TN d(-1) in low and high water discharge conditions, respectively, over the 2007-2012 period. This study provides a methodology that can be applied to any anthropized river to realistically parametrize autochthonous and WWTP-related nitrifier communities and simulate nitrite dynamics. Based on simulation analysis, it is shown that high spatio-temporal resolution hydro-ecological models are efficient to 1) estimate water quality criteria and 2) forecast the effect of future management strategies. Process-based simulations constitute essential tools to complete our understanding of nutrient cycling, and to decrease monitoring costs in the context of water quality and eutrophication management in river ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Raimonet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7619, METIS, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Lauriane Vilmin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7619, METIS, F-75005 Paris, France; Geosciences Department, MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, F-77305 Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Nicolas Flipo
- Geosciences Department, MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, F-77305 Fontainebleau, France
| | - Vincent Rocher
- SIAAP-Direction du Développement et de la Prospective, 82 avenue Kléber, 92700 Colombes, France
| | - Anniet M Laverman
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7619, METIS, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7619, METIS, F-75005 Paris, France
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28
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Ma S, Zhang D, Zhang W, Wang Y. Ammonia stimulates growth and nitrite-oxidizing activity of Nitrobacter winogradskyi. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 28:27-32. [PMID: 26019486 PMCID: PMC4433873 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.901679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain a nitrite-oxidizing bacterium with high nitrite oxidation activity for controlling nitrite levels. A nitrite-oxidizing bacterium, ZS-1, was isolated from the water of a coastal Pseudosciaena crocea-rearing pond. The strain was identified as Nitrobacter winogradskyi based on the phylogenetic analyses of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene and nxrA sequence of ZS-1. Under aerobic condition, the nitrite-oxidizing activity of ZS-1 did not change considerably in the range of pH 7-9, but was strongly inhibited by lower (pH = 6) and higher (pH = 10) pH values. The optimum temperature range is 25-32 °C. Lower temperature made the adaptive phase of ZS-1 longer but did not affect its maximum nitrite oxidization rate. The nitrite-oxidizing activity of ZS-1 started to be inhibited by ammonia and nitrate when the concentrations of ammonia and nitrate reached 25 mg L-1 and 100 mg L-1, respectively. The inhibition was stronger with higher concentration of ammonia or nitrate. The nitrite-oxidizing activity of ZS-1, however, was not inhibited by high concentration of nitrite (500 mg L-1). The nitrite-oxidizing activity of ZS-1 was increased by low ammonia concentration (1 mg L-1 to 10 mg L-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouguang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University , Ningbo , P. R. China
| | - Demin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University , Ningbo , P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University , Ningbo , P. R. China
| | - Yinong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University , Ningbo , P. R. China
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29
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A DO- and pH-based early warning system of nitrification inhibition for biological nitrogen removal processes. SENSORS 2012; 12:16334-52. [PMID: 23443381 PMCID: PMC3571785 DOI: 10.3390/s121216334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In Korea, more than 80% of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with capacities of 500 m3·d−1 or more are capable of removing nitrogen from wastewater through biological nitrification and denitrification processes. Normally, these biological processes show excellent performance, but if a toxic chemical is present in the influent to a WWTP, the biological processes (especially, the nitrification process) may be affected and fail to function normally; nitrifying bacteria are known very vulnerable to toxic substances. Then, the toxic compound as well as the nitrogen in wastewater may be discharged into a receiving water body without any proper treatment. Moreover, it may take significant time for the process to return back its normal state. In this study, a DO- and pH-based strategy to identify potential nitrification inhibition was developed to detect early the inflow of toxic compounds to a biological nitrogen removal process. This strategy utilizes significant changes observed in the oxygen uptake rate and the pH profiles of the mixed liquor when the activity of nitrifying bacteria is inhibited. Using the strategy, the toxicity from test wastewater with 2.5 mg·L−1 Hg2+, 0.5 mg·L−1 allythiourea, or 0.25 mg·L−1 chloroform could be successfully detected.
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30
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Jiménez E, Giménez JB, Seco A, Ferrer J, Serralta J. Effect of pH, substrate and free nitrous acid concentrations on ammonium oxidation rate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 124:478-484. [PMID: 23013925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Respirometric techniques have been used to determine the effect of pH, free nitrous acid (FNA) and substrate concentration on the activity of the ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) present in an activated sludge reactor. With this aim, bacterial activity has been measured at different pH values (ranging from 6.2 to 9.7), total ammonium nitrogen concentrations (ranging from 0.1 to 10 mg TAN L(-1)) and total nitrite concentrations (ranging from 3 to 43 mg NO(2)-NL(-1)). According to the results obtained, the most appropriate kinetic expression for the growth of AOB in activated sludge reactors has been established. Substrate half saturation constant and FNA and pH inhibition constants have been obtained by adjusting model predictions to experimental results. Different kinetic parameter values and different Monod terms should be used to model the growth of AOB in activated sludge processes and SHARON reactors due to the different AOB species that predominate in both systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jiménez
- Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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31
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Liwarska-Bizukojc E, Bizukojc M. A new approach to determine the kinetic parameters for nitrifying microorganisms in the activated sludge systems. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 109:21-25. [PMID: 22285297 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This work aims at establishing the methodology to determine kinetic parameters describing growth of autotrophs in the activated sludge systems. It is based upon the measurement of oxygen uptake rate (OUR) only. Two Monod kinetic parameters, namely maximum specific growth rate for autotrophic biomass (μ(max,A)) and half-saturation constant for ammonium ions (K(A)) were simply and rapidly determined within a single batch OUR test with the use of ammonified wastewater. The obtained mean values of the parameters are μ(max,A)=0.675 h(-1) and K(A)=0.912 mg NH(3)-Nl(-1) and they are close to the ones assumed in activated sludge models. It indicates that the methodology of the respiratory batch test elaborated in this study is reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Liwarska-Bizukojc
- Technical University of Lodz, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, ul. Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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