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Ogugua PC, Su H, Tu Y, Wang E. Synergistic consideration of co-treatment of sewage sludge, low-rank coal, and straw for sustainable resource utilization and enhanced energy efficiency: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:24788-24814. [PMID: 38526717 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive exploration of the imperative necessity for coupling the utilization of low-rank coal, sewage sludge, and straw. It studies the challenges and limitations of individual utilization methods, addressing the unique hurdles associated with feedstocks. It focused on achieving integrated and sustainable resource management, emphasizing efficient resource utilization, waste minimization, and environmental impact reduction. The investigation extends to the intricate details of reaction processes in co-processing, with a specific emphasis on the drying of raw materials to enhance combustion characteristics. The molding and preparation of feedstock are dissected, encompassing raw material selection, mixing, and the crucial addition of additives and binders. The proportions and homogenization of these feedstocks are intricately examined for uniformity and effectiveness. Furthermore, it presents theoretical approaches for investigating the co-combustion of these diverse feedstocks, contributing a solid foundation for future studies in this dynamic field. The findings presented in it offer valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seeking sustainable solutions in the co-disposal technology of these feedstocks. Therefore, it provides a holistic understanding of the challenges and opportunities in coupling the utilization of these selected feedstocks. By addressing individual limitations and emphasizing integrated resource management, the article establishes the groundwork for sustainable and efficient co-processing practices. The exploration of reaction processes gives a comprehensive framework for future research and application in the field of co-combustion technology. The insights gleaned from this study contribute significantly to advancing knowledge in the sustainable utilization of diverse feedstocks, guiding efforts towards environmentally responsible and resource-efficient practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Chinonso Ogugua
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huihui Su
- School of China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuanyang Tu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Enlu Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Zhou T, Ju X, Yan L, Fang R, Xu X, Li L. Production of mannooligosaccharides from orange peel waste with β-mannanase expressed in Trichosporonoides oedocephalis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 395:130373. [PMID: 38278453 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
A large quantity of orange peel waste (OPW) is generated per year, yet effective biorefinery methods are lacking. In this study, Trichosporonoides oedocephalis ATCC 16958 was employed for hydrolyzing OPW to produce soluble sugars. Glycosyl hydrolases from Paenibacillussp.LLZ1 which can hydrolyze cellulose and hemicellulose were mined and characterized, with the highest β-mannanase activity of 39.1 U/mg at pH 6.0 and 50 ℃. The enzyme was overexpressed in T. oedocephalis and the sugar production was enhanced by 16 %. The accumulated sugar contains 57 % value-added mannooligosaccharides by the hydrolysis of mannans. The process was intensified by a pretreatment combining H2O2 submergence and steam explosion to remove potential inhibitors. The mannooligosaccharides yield of 6.5 g/L was achieved in flask conversion and increased to 9.7 g/L in a 5-L fermenter. This study improved the effectiveness of orange peel waste processing, and provided a hydrolysis-based methodology for the utilization of fruit wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Xin Ju
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Lishi Yan
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Ruiqi Fang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Xinqi Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, PR China
| | - Liangzhi Li
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China.
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3
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Núñez-Gómez V, Jesús Periago M, Luis Ordóñez-Díaz J, Pereira-Caro G, Manuel Moreno-Rojas J, González-Barrio R. Dietary fibre fractions rich in (poly)phenols from orange by-products and their metabolisation by in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation. Food Res Int 2024; 177:113718. [PMID: 38225107 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Orange peel is an interesting by-product because of its composition, particularly its dietary fibre and flavanones. The aim of this work was to extract different fibre fractions from orange peel to obtain potential added-value ingredients and evaluate how the presence of fibre may interfere with (poly)phenol metabolism. Using an aqueous extraction, as a green extraction method, an insoluble fibre fraction (IFF) and a water-soluble extract (WSE) were obtained. Those fractions were analysed to determine the proximate and dietary fibre composition, hydration properties, (poly)phenol composition and antioxidant capacity, comparing the results with the orange peel (OP). The IFF presented the highest content of insoluble dietary fibre and the WSE showed the highest content of (poly)phenols, these being mainly flavanones. An in vitro faecal fermentation was carried out to evaluate the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and lactate as prebiotic indicators; the IFF gave the highest production, derived from the greater presence of dietary fibre. Moreover, catabolites from (poly)phenol metabolism were also analysed, phenylpropanoic acids being the major ones, followed by phenylacetic acids and benzoic acids. These catabolites were found in higher quantities in WSE, because of the greater presence of (poly)phenols in its composition. IFF also showed a significant production of these catabolites, which was delayed by the greater presence of fibre. These results reveal that the new ingredients, obtained by an environmentally friendly water extraction procedure, could be used for the development of new foods with enhanced nutritional and healthy properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Núñez-Gómez
- Department of Food Technology, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - María Jesús Periago
- Department of Food Technology, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - José Luis Ordóñez-Díaz
- Area of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, Avda. Menéndez-Pidal, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gema Pereira-Caro
- Area of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, Avda. Menéndez-Pidal, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; Foods for Health Group, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas
- Area of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, Avda. Menéndez-Pidal, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; Foods for Health Group, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rocío González-Barrio
- Department of Food Technology, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, 30100, Spain.
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Ortiz-Sanchez M, Solarte-Toro JC, Inocencio-García PJ, Cardona Alzate CA. Sustainability analysis of orange peel biorefineries. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 172:110327. [PMID: 37804740 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Biorefineries are constantly evolving since new technological advances in enzyme and microbial processes are boosting research for producing new bio-based products. Nevertheless, the step towards real process implementation must overcome a series of stages based on process sustainability in the early design stages. Orange peel (OP) has been profiled as a potential raw material for producing different products. Few studies have estimated the sustainability of OP-based biorefineries considering the upstream influence on the final process performance. This research aims to perform the sustainability assessment of several OP valorization pathways based on experimental data applying the biorefinery concept. Steam distillation and polyphenolic compound extraction prior to saccharification and anaerobic digestion increase the process performance. A glucose concentration and biogas yield of 21.43 g/L (0.44 g/g OP, db) and 415 mL/g SV were obtained, respectively. An essential oil extraction yield of 1.17 g/100 g OP (db) with a d-limonene content of 91.62% was produced. Moreover, hesperidin, apigenin, and naringenin yields of 7.88 mg/g, 0.475 mg/g, and 0.675 mg/g were obtained. An OP-based biorefinery addressed to produce essential oil, polyphenolic compounds, and biogas with a processing 25 tons/day (wb) has a sustainability index of 66.88%, higher than the values obtained with lesser upstream stages. In conclusion, an integral OP upgrading leads to better enzymatic and anaerobic digestion performances, as well as, a high process sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Ortiz-Sanchez
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Km 07 vía al Magdalena, Manizales, Colombia.
| | - Juan Camilo Solarte-Toro
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Km 07 vía al Magdalena, Manizales, Colombia.
| | - Pablo José Inocencio-García
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Km 07 vía al Magdalena, Manizales, Colombia.
| | - Carlos Ariel Cardona Alzate
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Km 07 vía al Magdalena, Manizales, Colombia.
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Chen Z, Wu Y, Huang Y, Song L, Chen H, Zhu S, Tang C. Enhanced adsorption of phosphate on orange peel-based biochar activated by Ca/Zn composite: Adsorption efficiency and mechanisms. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Abstract
Orange bagasse (OB) could be considered a sustainable, renewable, and low-cost biomass for the extraction of cellulose. In this context, reactive extrusion can be considered an excellent, eco-friendly, alternative process for the extraction of cellulose from lignocellulosic materials. Thus, the present study aimed to obtain cellulose-based materials with a reactive extrusion process and also to investigate the impact of pectin on the delignification process. Two groups of samples (OB and depectinizated OB) were submitted to extrusion with sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide in one-step processes. The cellulose content of extruded materials was highly affected by pectin content in the raw material; the thermal profile (TGA curves) and crystallinity also changed. The cellulose content of modified materials ranged from 18.8% to 58.4%, with a process yield of 30.6% to 79.2%. The alkaline reagent provided the highest cellulose content among all extrusion treatments tested, mainly for OB without pectin. The extrusion process was considered an efficient and promising process for extracting cellulose from citrus residue. Materials produced in this study can be used as sources of cellulose fiber for various products and processes, such as in the food industry, fermentation substrates, or refined applications after subsequent treatments.
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Sharma P, Vishvakarma R, Gautam K, Vimal A, Kumar Gaur V, Farooqui A, Varjani S, Younis K. Valorization of citrus peel waste for the sustainable production of value-added products. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:127064. [PMID: 35351555 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Globally the generation and mismanagement of waste from fruit processing and post-harvest impose a severe burden on waste management strategies along with environmental pollution, health hazards. Citrus waste is one of such worrying fruit waste, which is rich in several value-added chemicals, including pectin. Pectin is a prebiotic polysaccharide possessing a multitude of health benefits. Citrus pectin has excellent gelling, thickening, water holding capacity, and encapsulating properties, which pave its functionality in versatile industrial fields including food processing and preservation, drug and therapeutic agents, cosmetics, and personal care products. The utilization of citrus wastes to derive valuable bioproducts can offer an effective approach towards sustainable waste management. With the ever-increasing demand, several strategies have been devised to increase the efficiency of pectin recovery from citrus waste. This review article discusses the sources, effect, and technology-mediated valorization of citrus waste, the functional and nutritive application of pectin along with its socio-economic and environmental perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Sharma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Reena Vishvakarma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Gautam
- Center for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Archana Vimal
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gaur
- Center for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India; School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Alvina Farooqui
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - Kaiser Younis
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026 Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Sulaiman S, Mohamed Sharikh A, Raja Ehsan Shah RSS. Potash derived from orange peel supported on PVA as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production in the packed-bed reactor. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Terzioğlu P, Güney F, Parın FN, Şen İ, Tuna S. Biowaste orange peel incorporated chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite films for food packaging applications. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Russo C, Maugeri A, Lombardo GE, Musumeci L, Barreca D, Rapisarda A, Cirmi S, Navarra M. The Second Life of Citrus Fruit Waste: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:5991. [PMID: 34641535 PMCID: PMC8512617 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits (CF) are among the most widely cultivated fruit crops throughout the world and their production is constantly increasing along with consumers' demand. Therefore, huge amounts of waste are annually generated through CF processing, causing high costs for their disposal, as well as environmental and human health damage, if inappropriately performed. According to the most recent indications of an economic, environmental and pharmaceutical nature, CF processing residues must be transformed from a waste to be disposed to a valuable resource to be reused. Based on a circular economy model, CF residues (i.e., seeds, exhausted peel, pressed pulp, secondary juice and leaves) have increasingly been re-evaluated to also obtain, but not limited to, valuable compounds to be employed in the food, packaging, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. However, the use of CF by-products is still limited because of their underestimated nutritional and economic value, hence more awareness and knowledge are needed to overcome traditional approaches for their disposal. This review summarizes recent evidence on the pharmacological potential of CF waste to support the switch towards a more environmentally sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Russo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (A.M.); (G.E.L.); (L.M.); (D.B.); (A.R.)
- Fondazione “Prof. Antonio Imbesi”, 98123 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (A.M.); (G.E.L.); (L.M.); (D.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Giovanni Enrico Lombardo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (A.M.); (G.E.L.); (L.M.); (D.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Laura Musumeci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (A.M.); (G.E.L.); (L.M.); (D.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Davide Barreca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (A.M.); (G.E.L.); (L.M.); (D.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Antonio Rapisarda
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (A.M.); (G.E.L.); (L.M.); (D.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Santa Cirmi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (A.M.); (G.E.L.); (L.M.); (D.B.); (A.R.)
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (A.M.); (G.E.L.); (L.M.); (D.B.); (A.R.)
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A molecularly imprinted polymer on reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticles modified screen-printed electrode for selective determination of ferulic acid in orange peels. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Torrisi B, Allegra M, Amenta M, Gentile F, Rapisarda P, Fabroni S, Ferlito F. Physico-chemical and multielemental traits of anaerobic digestate from Mediterranean agro-industrial wastes and assessment as fertiliser for citrus nurseries. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 131:201-213. [PMID: 34167040 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Previous researches have demonstrated the bioenergetic potential of agri-food Mediterranean wastes showing that anaerobic co-digestion is a valuable solution for Mediterranean areas. This implies a great interest for anaerobic digestates use in agriculture to replace fertilizers. The present study aimed at: i) producing knowledge on continuous anaerobic co-digestion of feedstock mixture composed by different Mediterranean agri-food wastes in terms of multielemental characterization and ii) assessing the agronomic value of industrial anaerobic digestate (AD) based on the potential as fertiliser in nursery condition for the citrus seedlings. Results have demonstrated that agro-industrial biomasses have great potentiality to be converted by anaerobic digestion in biofertilizer to be used in citrus nurseries as sustainable alternative to mineral fertilisers. Multielemental traits of the tested AD were valuable in terms of nutritional supply for the growth and development of the plant. AD was useful to replace the mineral fertilizers in terms of total N content (10.81 ± 0.32 %TS) and organic matter (43.32 ± 0.80 %TS). The seedlings nutritive status showed that no need for supplemental of nutrients was requested. Volkamer lemon highly benefited from the administration of liquid digestate, increasing the total chlorophyll level (2.97 ± 0.31 mg g-1 FW) presumably due to the higher ammonium content of the AD (59 ± 0.08 %TKN). Besides providing useful tools for citrus nurseries for conceiving new sustainable fertilization strategies, this study is a starting point for further in-depth works on physiological status and traits of citrus plants fertilized by using agro-industrial anaerobic digestate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Torrisi
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Centro di ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale (CT), Italy
| | - Maria Allegra
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Centro di ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale (CT), Italy
| | - Margherita Amenta
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Centro di ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale (CT), Italy
| | - Fausto Gentile
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Centro di ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale (CT), Italy
| | - Paolo Rapisarda
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Centro di ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale (CT), Italy
| | - Simona Fabroni
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Centro di ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale (CT), Italy.
| | - Filippo Ferlito
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Centro di ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale (CT), Italy
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Zhao Q, Zhang C, Tong X, Zou Y, Li Y, Wei F. Fe 3O 4-NPs/orange peel composite as magnetic heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst towards high-efficiency degradation of methyl orange. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:159-171. [PMID: 34280161 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs)/orange peel (MOP) composite was prepared via one-step in-situ co-precipitation method as magnetic heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst. The properties of MOP were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopes, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technologies. Its Fenton-like catalytic responses towards removal of methyl orange (MO) were investigated, in which the effects of initial dye concentration, pH, temperature and hydrogen peroxide dosage were studied. The MO degradation ratio up to 98.0% was obtained within 20 min in optimized conditions. The catalyst showed excellent catalytic stability exhibiting nearly 90% degradation ratio in the 10th cycle within 20 min, whereas pure Fe3O4-NPs showed only 62.5% in this stage. Due to the stabilization of complexing orange peel hydroxyl to iron oxide in the composite and its magnetic separation property, MOP composite exhibits excellent Fenton-like catalytic performance, which offers great prospects for low-cost and high-efficiency organic dye wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China (CAUC), Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Congcong Zhang
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China (CAUC), Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tong
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China (CAUC), Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Yunling Zou
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China (CAUC), Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China (CAUC), Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Fang Wei
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China (CAUC), Tianjin, 300300, China
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Mantovan J, Giraldo GAG, Marim BM, Kishima JOF, Mali S. Valorization of orange bagasse through one-step physical and chemical combined processes to obtain a cellulose-rich material. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:2362-2370. [PMID: 33006399 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orange bagasse (OB) is an agroindustrial residue of great economic importance that has been little explored for the extraction of cellulose. The present study aimed to investigate different combinations of chemical (sodium hydroxide, peracetic acid and alkaline peroxide) and physical (autoclaving and ultrasonication) treatments performed in one-step processes for cellulose extraction from OB and to characterize the materials obtained according to their composition, morphology, crystallinity and thermal stability. RESULTS The processing yields ranged from 140 to 820 g kg-1 , with a recovery of 720-1000 g kg-1 of the original cellulose. Treatments promoted morphological changes in the fiber structure, resulting in materials with higher porosity, indicating partial removal of the noncellulosic fractions. The use of combined chemical treatments (NaOH and peracetic acid) with autoclaving was more efficient for obtaining samples with the highest cellulose contents. CONCLUSION Therefore, ACSH (processed by autoclaving with NaOH) was the most effective one-step treatment, resulting in 71.1% cellulose, 0% hemicellulose and 19.0% lignin, with a crystallinity index of 42%. The one-step treatments were able to obtain materials with higher cellulose contents and yields, reducing reaction times and the quantity of chemical reagents employed in the overall processes compared to multistep conventional processes. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Mantovan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CCE, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Gina A G Giraldo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CCE, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Beatriz M Marim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CCE, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - João O F Kishima
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CCE, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Suzana Mali
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CCE, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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15
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Mariana OS, Camilo STJ, Ariel CAC. A comprehensive approach for biorefineries design based on experimental data, conceptual and optimization methodologies: The orange peel waste case. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124682. [PMID: 33486411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to propose a comprehensive methodological approach integrating two of the most applied approaches to design biorefineries based on experimental data: conceptual design and optimization. The proposed methodology involves three critical aspects i) experimental procedures, ii) simulation approach, and iii) optimization tools. The proposed approach was applied to a specific case as an example. The orange peel waste (OPW) was studied as raw material to feed the biorefinery with the purpose of valorizing the residues produced by the orange juice factories in the Colombian context. After implementing the methodology, the results show how essential oil and biogas were the most profitable and reliable products to be obtained through the processing of OPW.In this case, it is demonstrated also, that the understanding of the biorefinery possibilities is higher when this design methodology is applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ortiz-Sanchez Mariana
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Manizales, Caldas 170003, Colombia
| | - Solarte-Toro Juan Camilo
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Manizales, Caldas 170003, Colombia
| | - Cardona-Alzate Carlos Ariel
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Manizales, Caldas 170003, Colombia.
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16
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Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is an efficient technology for a sustainable conversion of various organic wastes such as animal manure, municipal solid waste, agricultural residues and industrial waste into biogas. This technology offers a unique set of benefits, some of which include a good waste management technique, enhancement in the ecology of rural areas, improvement in health through a decrease of pathogens and optimization of the energy consumption of communities. The biogas produced through anaerobic digestion varies in composition, but it consists mainly of carbon dioxide methane together with a low quantity of trace gases. The variation in biogas composition are dependent on some factors namely the substrate type being digested, pH, operating temperature, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time and digester design. However, the type of substrate used is of greater interest due to the direct dependency of microorganism activities on the nutritional composition of the substrate. Therefore, the aim of this review study is to provide a detailed analysis of the various types of organic wastes that have been used as a substrate for the sustainable production of biogas. Biogas formation from various substrates reported in the literature were investigated, an analysis and characterization of these substrates provided the pro and cons associated with each substrate. The findings obtained showed that the methane yield for all animal manure varied from 157 to 500 mL/gVS with goat and pig manure superseding the other animal manure whereas lignocellulose biomass varied from 160 to 212 mL/gVS. In addition, organic municipal solid waste and industrial waste showed methane yield in the ranges of 143–516 mL/gVS and 25–429 mL/gVS respectively. These variations in methane yield are primarily attributed to the nutritional composition of the various substrates.
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17
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Yoon K, Cho DW, Bhatnagar A, Song H. Adsorption of As(V) and Ni(II) by Fe-Biochar composite fabricated by co-pyrolysis of orange peel and red mud. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 188:109809. [PMID: 32563749 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the adsorption performance of Fe-biochar composites (Fe-C-N2 and Fe-C-CO2), fabricated by co-pyrolysis of red mud and orange peel in N2 and CO2, for As(V) and Ni(II). By the syngas production comparison test, it was confirmed that CO2 was more advantageous than N2 as a pyrolytic medium gas to produce more CO. The resulting Fe-biochar composite showed the aggregate morphology consisting of different Fe phases (magnetite or metal Fe) from the inherent hematite phase in red mud and carbonized carbon matrix, and there was no distinct difference between the structural shapes of two Fe-biochar composites. Adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption capacities for As(V) and Ni(II) in single mode were almost similar with 7.5 and 16.2 mg g-1 for Fe-C-N2 and 5.6 and 15.1 mg g-1 for Fe-C-CO2, respectively. The adsorption ability of Fe-C-CO2 for both As(V) and Ni(II) was further enhanced in binary adsorption mode (As(V): 13.4 mg g-1, Ni(II):17.6 mg g-1) through additional removal of those ions by Ni(II)-As(V) complexation. The overall results demonstrated CO2-assisted pyrolysis can provide a viable platform to convert waste materials into fuel gases and environmental media for co-adsorption of cationic and anionic heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangsuk Yoon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Cho
- Geologic Environment Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon, 34132, Republic of Korea
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, Fl, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Pre-feasibility analysis of the production of mucic acid from orange peel waste under the biorefinery concept. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Anticona M, Blesa J, Frigola A, Esteve MJ. High Biological Value Compounds Extraction from Citrus Waste with Non-Conventional Methods. Foods 2020; 9:E811. [PMID: 32575685 PMCID: PMC7353614 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits are extensively grown and much consumed around the world. Eighteen percent of total citrus cultivars are destined for industrial processes, and as a consequence, large amounts of waste are generated. Citrus waste is a potential source of high biological value compounds, which can be used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries but whose final disposal may pose a problem due to economic and environmental factors. At the same time, the emerging need to reduce the environmental impact of citrus waste and its responsible management has increased. For these reasons, the study of the use of non-conventional methods to extract high biological value compounds such as carotenoids, polyphenols, essential oils, and pectins from this type of waste has become more urgent in recent years. In this review, the effectiveness of technologies such as ultrasound assisted extraction, microwave assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized water extraction, pulsed electric field, high-voltage electric discharges, and high hydrostatic pressures is described and assessed. A wide range of information concerning the principal non-conventional methods employed to obtain high-biological-value compounds from citrus waste as well as the most influencing factors about each technology are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Jose Esteve
- Nutrition and Food Chemistry, University of Valencia, Avda., Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (M.A.); (J.B.); (A.F.)
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20
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Shakour ZTA, Fayek NM, Farag MA. How do biocatalysis and biotransformation affect Citrus dietary flavonoids chemistry and bioactivity? A review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:689-714. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1753648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab T. Abdel Shakour
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesrin M. Fayek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Criado A, Martín M. Integrated Multiproduct Facility for the Production of Chemicals, Food, and Utilities from Oranges. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arantza Criado
- Departamento de Ingenierı́a Quı́mica. Universidad de Salamanca. Pza. Caídos 1-5, Salamanca, 37008, Spain
| | - Mariano Martín
- Departamento de Ingenierı́a Quı́mica. Universidad de Salamanca. Pza. Caídos 1-5, Salamanca, 37008, Spain
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22
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Wang J, Liu Z, Xia J, Chen Y. Effect of microbial inoculation on physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure of citrus peel composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121843. [PMID: 31357046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, microorganisms were inoculated during citrus peel composting for citrus waste recycling and valorisation. The physicochemical properties and the bacterial community structure of citrus peel composting inoculated microorganism were studied. The thermophilic stage of pilot-scale composting (T2) was 20 days longer than lab-scale composting (T1). C/N, organic matter, moisture, pectin and cellulose content decreased along with composing process, but the pH, soluble protein and total nutrient showed an opposite trend. The inoculation improved the richness and diversity of the bacterial community and the diversity index reached maximum on 21 days. As composting progress, Bacillus, Sphingobacterium and Saccharomonospora in inoculum became the dominant genus. Redundancy analysis showed that C/N, pectin degradation rate and temperature could explain 30.1%, 24.9% and 15.6% of the variation in bacterial genera, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqin Wang
- School of Environment and Ecology, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- School of Environment and Ecology, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Jiashuai Xia
- School of Environment and Ecology, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Youpeng Chen
- School of Environment and Ecology, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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23
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Bedoić R, Ćosić B, Duić N. Technical potential and geographic distribution of agricultural residues, co-products and by-products in the European Union. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 686:568-579. [PMID: 31185404 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Value waste chain generates a significant amount of different agricultural wastes, co-products and by-products (AWCB) that occur during three major stages of a complex path, from farm to fork. This paper presents stages where and how waste occurs along the path from the ground to the table for a period of 7 years, from 2010 to 2016 in the 28 member countries of the European Union (EU28). Considering the specific conditions of the EU28 community, four different sectors with 26 commodities and waste types that occur in those sectors were analysed: 5 commodities in the Fruit sector, 10 commodities in the Vegetable sector, 7 commodities in the Cereal sector and 4 commodities in the Animal sector. The analysis consists of three stages of waste appearance: production (harvesting, farming), processing and consumption (raw, uncooked food). Production data were taken from Eurostat, import and export data were taken from FAOSTAT. Methodology and calculations consist of relations between specific values. Those specific values for every commodity are the production data, import and export data, and consumption of raw food by the inhabitants of a country. Total consumption of raw food by inhabitant is calculated from the specific consumption per capita and population. The results of the study showed that from 2010 to 2016 in the EU28 the estimated quantity of the AWCB appeared to be around 18.4 billion tonnes, with the sector percentages as follows: Animal ~31%, Vegetable ~44%, Cereal ~22% and Fruit ~2%. In the Animal sector, the most dominant were developed countries, with high population density and high level of industrialisation. The Cereal, Fruit and Vegetable sectors have shown to generate higher AWCB quantities in the countries with more available land area and appropriate climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bedoić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Boris Ćosić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Neven Duić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Zagreb, Croatia.
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24
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Patsalou M, Samanides CG, Protopapa E, Stavrinou S, Vyrides I, Koutinas M. A Citrus Peel Waste Biorefinery for Ethanol and Methane Production. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132451. [PMID: 31277372 PMCID: PMC6651380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper deals with the development of a citrus peel waste (CPW) biorefinery that employs low environmental impact technologies for production of ethanol and methane. Three major yeasts were compared for ethanol production in batch fermentations using CPW pretreated through acid hydrolysis and a combination of acid and enzyme hydrolysis. The most efficient conditions for production of CPW-based hydrolyzates included processing at 116 °C for 10 min. Pichia kudriavzevii KVMP10 achieved the highest ethanol production that reached 30.7 g L−1 in fermentations conducted at elevated temperatures (42 °C). A zero-waste biorefinery was introduced by using solid biorefinery residues in repeated batch anaerobic digestion fermentations achieving methane formation of 342 mL gVS−1 (volatile solids). Methane production applying untreated and dried CPW reached a similar level (339–356 mL gVS−1) to the use of the side stream, demonstrating that the developed bioprocess constitutes an advanced alternative to energy intensive methods for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Patsalou
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Charis G Samanides
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Eleni Protopapa
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Stella Stavrinou
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Vyrides
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Michalis Koutinas
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Limassol, Cyprus.
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25
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de la Torre I, Martin-Dominguez V, Acedos MG, Esteban J, Santos VE, Ladero M. Utilisation/upgrading of orange peel waste from a biological biorefinery perspective. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5975-5991. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09929-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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26
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Food Preservative Capabilities of Grape (Vitis vinifera) and Clementine Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) By-products Extracts in South Africa. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11061746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The drive towards sustainable food systems coupled with increased consumer sophistication have prompted innovation in waste valorization. Grape and citrus processing by-products, abundant in the Mediterranean and tropical regions, respectively, are expanding and are sustainable sources of bioactive phytochemicals that can be used as natural preservatives for foods. Phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of extracts from grape pomace (GPE), seeds (GSE), and clementine mandarin peel and pulp (MPE) grown in South Africa were analyzed. Total phenols and carotenoids were highest in GPE followed by GSE and MPE (p ≤ 0.05). Flavonoids and anthocyanins were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in GPE and GSE compared to MPE. The GSE had the highest proanthocyanidins content followed by GPE and MPE (p ≤ 0.05). Ascorbic acid was only detected in MPE, which also had the highest titratable acidity and lowest pH values (p ≤ 0.05). The GSE had the highest antioxidant potency composite index followed by GPE and MPE (p ≤ 0.05). The order of antimicrobial activity of the extracts was MPE > GSE > GPE (p ≤ 0.05). Current findings show that GSE is a potential antioxidant while MPE holds promise as an antimicrobial for the food industry.
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27
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Chavan P, Singh AK, Kaur G. Recent progress in the utilization of industrial waste and by‐products of citrus fruits: A review. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Chavan
- Department of Processing & Food EngineeringPunjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India
| | - Avdesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Processing & Food EngineeringPunjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India
| | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Processing & Food EngineeringPunjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India
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28
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Zema DA, Calabrò PS, Folino A, Tamburino V, Zappia G, Zimbone SM. Valorisation of citrus processing waste: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 80:252-273. [PMID: 30455006 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study analyses the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of citrus peel waste and discusses the systems for its valorisation. Citrus peel waste (CPW) is the main residue of the citrus processing industries and is characterised by a seasonal production (which often requires biomass storage) as well as high water content and concentration of essential oils. The disposal of CPW has considerable constraints due to both economic and environmental factors. Currently this residue is mainly used as food for animals, thanks to its nutritional capacity. If enough agricultural land is available close to the processing industries, the use of CPW as organic soil conditioner or as substrate for compost production is also possible, thus improving the organic matter content of the soil. Recently, the possibility of its valorisation for biomethane or bioethanol production has been evaluated by several studies, but currently more research is needed to overcome the toxic effects of the essential oils on the microbial community. Considering the high added value of the compounds that can be recovered from CPW, it has promising potential uses: in the food industry (for production of pectin, dietary fibres, etc.), and in the cosmetic and pharmaceutic industries (extraction of flavonoids, flavouring agents and citric acid). However, in many cases, these uses are still not economically sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Zema
- Department AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - P S Calabrò
- Department of Civil, Energy, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, via Graziella, loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
| | - A Folino
- Department AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - V Tamburino
- Department AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - G Zappia
- Department AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - S M Zimbone
- Department AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
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29
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Fermoso FG, Serrano A, Alonso-Fariñas B, Fernández-Bolaños J, Borja R, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez G. Valuable Compound Extraction, Anaerobic Digestion, and Composting: A Leading Biorefinery Approach for Agricultural Wastes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8451-8468. [PMID: 30010339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In a society where the environmental conscience is gaining attention, it is necessary to evaluate the potential valorization options for agricultural biomass to create a change in the perception of the waste agricultural biomass from waste to resource. In that sense, the biorefinery approach has been proposed as the roadway to increase profit of the agricultural sector and, at the same time, ensure environmental sustainability. The biorefinery approach integrates biomass conversion processes to produce fuels, power, and chemicals from biomass. The present review is focused on the extraction of value-added compounds, anaerobic digestion, and composting of agricultural waste as the biorefinery approach. This biorefinery approach is, nevertheless, seen as a less innovative configuration compared to other biorefinery configurations, such as bioethanol production or white biotechnology. However, any of these processes has been widely proposed as a single operation unit for agricultural waste valorization, and a thoughtful review on possible single or joint application has not been available in the literature up to now. The aim is to review the previous and current literature about the potential valorization of agricultural waste biomass, focusing on valuable compound extraction, anaerobic digestion, and composting of agricultural waste, whether they are not, partially, or fully integrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando G Fermoso
- Instituto de Grasa , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Carretera de Utrera, km. 1 , 41013 Seville , Spain
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Instituto de Grasa , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Carretera de Utrera, km. 1 , 41013 Seville , Spain
- School of Civil Engineering , The University of Queensland , Advanced Engineering Building 49, St Lucia , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Higher Technical School of Engineering , University of Seville , Camino de los Descubrimientos, s/n , 41092 Seville , Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Bolaños
- Instituto de Grasa , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Carretera de Utrera, km. 1 , 41013 Seville , Spain
| | - Rafael Borja
- Instituto de Grasa , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Carretera de Utrera, km. 1 , 41013 Seville , Spain
| | - Guillermo Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Grasa , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Carretera de Utrera, km. 1 , 41013 Seville , Spain
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30
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Gil A, Toledo M, Siles JA, Martín MA. Multivariate analysis and biodegradability test to evaluate different organic wastes for biological treatments: Anaerobic co-digestion and co-composting. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 78:819-828. [PMID: 32559977 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes the combination of statistical analysis and a biodegradability test to complement the composition of different wastes in order to find the optimal balance of nutrients for their joint bioconversion. Due to the need to determine the adequate balance of nutrients, the use of alternative techniques to experimental procedures could significantly reduce the cost and time of the process. With this aim, fifteen organic wastes (nine solid and six liquid wastes) were selected and different statistical analyses were performed on the physico-chemical characterization and respirometric variables. Liquid and solid wastes were analyzed separately using principal components analysis (PCA) (PC1 + PC2: 67% of total variance explained for solid substrates and PC1 + PC2: 85% of total variance explained for liquid substrates). The analysis provided considerable information about the predominant chemical composition of each substrate as well as their similarities and deficiencies to identify possible mixtures. In addition to PCA, cluster analyses (CA) were performed to group the substrates and identify the most significant differences between them. The joint evaluation of PCA and CA permitted identifying the optimal waste mixtures (i.e., glycerol-strawberry-fish waste) by correlating the loadings and scores plot, the cluster analysis dendograms and the COD/TKN ratio from the physico-chemical characterization. Moreover, multivariate regression was found to be an appropriate tool for predicting microbiological activity, as well as the soluble available biodegradable organic matter of each substrate. Inorganic carbon (CIC) and total organic carbon (CTOC) were found to be the most influential parameters in the prediction correlation of oxygen consumption and oxygen uptake rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gil
- University of Cordoba (Spain), Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Carretera N-IV, km 396, Edificio Marie Curie, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Toledo
- University of Cordoba (Spain), Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Carretera N-IV, km 396, Edificio Marie Curie, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - J A Siles
- University of Cordoba (Spain), Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Carretera N-IV, km 396, Edificio Marie Curie, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - M A Martín
- University of Cordoba (Spain), Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Carretera N-IV, km 396, Edificio Marie Curie, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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Zema DA, Fòlino A, Zappia G, Calabrò PS, Tamburino V, Zimbone SM. Anaerobic digestion of orange peel in a semi-continuous pilot plant: An environmentally sound way of citrus waste management in agro-ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 630:401-408. [PMID: 29486436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The management of residues of citrus processing involves economic and environmental problems. In particular, the uncontrolled disposal of citrus processing waste near production sites can have heavy impacts on air, soil, surface water bodies and groundwater. Anaerobic digestion has been proposed as a viable alternative for citrus waste valorisation, if some problems, linked to the biochemical processes, are overcome. Although many experimental tests have studied the inhibitory effects of the high essential oil content of orange peel on biomethanisation processes, fewer experiences have been carried out in continuous or semi-continuous pilot digesters, more similar to the full-scale biogas plants, using real orange peel. This study has evaluated the methane production through anaerobic digestion of industrial orange peel using a pilot plant (84L) with semi-continuous feeding at increasing Organic Loading Rates (OLR) and essential oil (EO) supply rates (EOsr) until the complete process inhibition. Under mesophilic conditions, the highest daily specific methane yield was achieved at OLR of 1.0gTVSL-1 d-1 and EOsr of 47.6mgL-1d-1. Partial inhibition of the anaerobic digestion was detected at OLR and EOsr of 1.98gTVSL-1d-1 and 88.1mgL-1 d-1, respectively and the process irreversibly stopped when OLR and EOsr reached 2.5gTVS L-1 d-1 and 111.2mgL-1 d-1, respectively. Under thermophilic conditions, the cumulative methane production (0.12LgTVS-1) was about 25% of that under mesophilic conditions (0.46LgTVS-1). The thermophilic digestion was completely inhibited at lower OLR (1.98gTVSL-1 d-1) and EOsr (88.1mgL-1 d-1) compared to mesophilic conditions. This study confirmed the suitability of anaerobic digestion of orange peel for biomethane production (provided that the right management of the process is set), in view of an environmentally sound way of agricultural residues management in agro-ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio A Zema
- Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Department "Agraria", Località Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
| | - Adele Fòlino
- Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Department "Agraria", Località Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zappia
- Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Department "Agraria", Località Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Paolo S Calabrò
- Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Department of Civil, Energy, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Via Graziella, Località Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tamburino
- Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Department "Agraria", Località Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Santo Marcello Zimbone
- Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Department "Agraria", Località Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
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Lathiya DR, Bhatt DV, Maheria KC. Synthesis of sulfonated carbon catalyst from waste orange peel for cost effective biodiesel production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Toledo M, Siles JA, Gutiérrez MC, Martín MA. Monitoring of the composting process of different agroindustrial waste: Influence of the operational variables on the odorous impact. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 76:266-274. [PMID: 29615278 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Composting is a conventional but economical and environmentally friendly way to transform organic waste into a valuable, organic soil amendment. However, the physico-chemical characterization required to monitor the process involves considerable investment in terms of cost and time. In this study, 52 samples of four compostable substrates were collected randomly during the composting process and analyzed physico-chemically. The physico-chemical characterization was evaluated and reduced by principal component analysis (PCA) (PC1 + PC2: 70% variance). Moreover, a study of the relationship between odor and the raw material and odor and the operational variables was carried out at pilot scale using PCA and multivariate regression. The substrates were grouped by PCA (PC1 + PC2: 87% variance). The odor emission rate (OER) and dynamic respirometric index (DRI) were found to be the most influential variables in the sample variance, being relevant to identify the different emission sources. Dynamic respirometry and multivariate regression could be suitable tools to predict these odor emissions for the majority of compostable substrates, identifying successfully the emission source.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Toledo
- University of Cordoba (Spain), Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Carretera N-IV, km 396, Edificio Marie Curie, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J A Siles
- University of Cordoba (Spain), Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Carretera N-IV, km 396, Edificio Marie Curie, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M C Gutiérrez
- University of Cordoba (Spain), Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Carretera N-IV, km 396, Edificio Marie Curie, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M A Martín
- University of Cordoba (Spain), Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Carretera N-IV, km 396, Edificio Marie Curie, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
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Lotito AM, De Sanctis M, Pastore C, Di Iaconi C. Biomethanization of citrus waste: Effect of waste characteristics and of storage on treatability and evaluation of limonene degradation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 215:366-376. [PMID: 29602026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes the evaluation of the suitability of mesophilic anaerobic digestion as a simple technology for the treatment of the citrus waste produced by small-medium agro-industrial enterprises involved in the transformation of Citrus fruits. Two different stocks of citrus peel waste were used (i.e., fresh and stored citrus peel waste), to evaluate the influence of waste composition (variability in the type of processed Citrus fruits) and of storage (potentially necessary to operate the anaerobic digester continuously over the whole year due to the seasonality of the production) on anaerobic degradation treatability. A thorough characterization of the two waste types has been performed, showing that the fresh one has a higher solid and organic content, and that, in spite of the similar values of oil fraction amounts, the two stocks are significantly different in the composition of essential oils (43% of limonene and 34% of linalyl acetate in the fresh citrus waste and 20% of limonene and 74% of linalyl acetate in the stored citrus waste). Contrarily to what observed in previous studies, anaerobic digestion was successful and no reactor acidification occurred. No inhibition by limonene and linalyl acetate even at the maximum applied organic load value (i.e., 2.72 gCODwaste/gVSinoculum) was observed in the treatment of the stored waste, with limonene and linalyl acetate concentrations of 104 mg/l and 385 mg/l, respectively. On the contrary, some inhibition was detected with fresh citrus peel waste when the organic load increased from 2.21 to 2.88 gCODwaste/gVSinoculum, ascribable to limonene at initial concentration higher than 150 mg/l. A good conversion into methane was observed with fresh peel waste, up to 0.33 [Formula: see text] at the highest organic load, very close to the maximum theoretical value of 0.35 [Formula: see text] , while a lower efficiency was achieved with stored peel waste, with a reduction down to 0.24 [Formula: see text] at the highest organic load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Maria Lotito
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council, viale De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy.
| | - Marco De Sanctis
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council, viale De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Pastore
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council, viale De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - Claudio Di Iaconi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council, viale De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy.
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Gliniak M, Grabowski Ł, Polek D. Ozone aeration impact on the maturation phase in the process of green waste composting. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20181001005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper presents work results on optimization of stabilization phase in the biomass composting process. In these studies, it was examined the influence of two doses of ozone (10 and 20 mgO3·dm-3) in the air used for aeration of stabilization. The results showed the ability to reduce compost maturation time by more than 50%. Application of these ozone doses resulted in a reduction of organic matter content in the stabilizer by 30 to 60%, while reduction of moisture in the material by 20%.
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Salihoglu G, Salihoglu NK, Ucaroglu S, Banar M. Food loss and waste management in Turkey. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 248:88-99. [PMID: 28651872 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Food waste can be an environmental and economic problem if not managed properly but it can meet various demands of a country if it is considered as a resource. The purpose of this report is to review the existing state of the field in Turkey and identify the potential of food waste as a resource. Food loss and waste (FLW) was examined throughout the food supply chain (FSC) and quantified using the FAO model. Edible FLW was estimated to be approximately 26milliontons/year. The amount of biodegradable waste was estimated based on waste statistics and research conducted on household food waste in Turkey. The total amount of biodegradable waste was found to be approximately 20milliontons/year, where more than 8.6milliontons/year of this waste is FLW from distribution and consumption in the FSC. Options for the end-of-life management of biodegradable wastes are also discussed in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guray Salihoglu
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Nezih Kamil Salihoglu
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Selnur Ucaroglu
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mufide Banar
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, Anadolu University, Iki Eylul Campus, 26555 Eskisehir, Turkey
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Anjum M, Khalid A, Qadeer S, Miandad R. Synergistic effect of co-digestion to enhance anaerobic degradation of catering waste and orange peel for biogas production. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2017; 35:967-977. [PMID: 28735564 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x17715904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Catering waste and orange peel were co-digested using an anaerobic digestion process. Orange peel is difficult to degrade anaerobically due to the presence of antimicrobial agents such as limonene. The present study aimed to examine the feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion of catering waste with orange peel to provide the optimum nutrient balance with reduced inhibitory effects of orange peel. Batch experiments were conducted using catering waste as a potential substrate mixed in varying ratios (20-50%) with orange peel. Similar ratios were followed using green vegetable waste as co-substrate. The results showed that the highest organic matter degradation (49%) was achieved with co-digestion of catering waste and orange peel at a 50% mixing ratio (CF4). Similarly, the soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) was increased by 51% and reached its maximum value (9040 mg l-1) due to conversion of organic matter from insoluble to soluble form. Biogas production was increased by 1.5 times in CF4 where accumulative biogas was 89.61 m3 t-1substrate compared with 57.35 m3 t-1substrate in the control after 80 days. The main reason behind the improved biogas production and degradation is the dilution of inhibitory factors (limonene), with subsequent provision of balanced nutrients in the co-digestion system. The tCOD of the final digestate was decreased by 79.9% in CF4, which was quite high as compared with 68.3% for the control. Overall, this study revealed that orange peel waste is a highly feasible co-substrate for anaerobic digestion with catering waste for enhanced biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammil Anjum
- 1 Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- 2 Department of Environmental Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Azeem Khalid
- 2 Department of Environmental Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Samia Qadeer
- 2 Department of Environmental Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Miandad
- 1 Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Gutiérrez MC, Siles JA, Diz J, Chica AF, Martín MA. Modelling of composting process of different organic waste at pilot scale: Biodegradability and odor emissions. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 59:48-58. [PMID: 27720580 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The composting process of six different compostable substrates and one of these with the addition of bacterial inoculums carried out in a dynamic respirometer was evaluated. Despite the heterogeneity of the compostable substrates, cumulative oxygen demand (OD, mgO2kgVS) was fitted adequately to an exponential regression growing until reaching a maximum in all cases. According to the kinetic constant of the reaction (K) values obtained, the wastes that degraded more slowly were those containing lignocellulosic material (green wastes) or less biodegradable wastes (sewage sludge). The odor emissions generated during the composting processes were also fitted in all cases to a Gaussian regression with R2 values within the range 0.8-0.9. The model was validated representing real odor concentration near the maximum value against predicted odor concentration of each substrate, (R2=0.9314; 95% prediction interval). The variables of maximum odor concentration (ouE/m3) and the time (h) at which the maximum was reached were also evaluated statistically using ANOVA and a post-hoc Tukey test taking the substrate as a factor, which allowed homogeneous groups to be obtained according to one or both of these variables. The maximum oxygen consumption rate or organic matter degradation during composting was directly related to the maximum odor emission generation rate (R2=0.9024, 95% confidence interval) when only the organic wastes with a low content in lignocellulosic materials and no inoculated waste (HRIO) were considered. Finally, the composting of OFMSW would produce a higher odor impact than the other substrates if this process was carried out without odor control or open systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Gutiérrez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Building Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra. N-IV, km 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - J A Siles
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Building Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra. N-IV, km 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - J Diz
- Department of Statistics, Econometry, Op. Res., Business Org. and Applied Econ., University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Building Albert Einstein (C-2), Ctra. N-IV, km 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - A F Chica
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Building Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra. N-IV, km 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - M A Martín
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Building Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra. N-IV, km 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain.
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Negro V, Mancini G, Ruggeri B, Fino D. Citrus waste as feedstock for bio-based products recovery: Review on limonene case study and energy valorization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:806-815. [PMID: 27237574 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The citrus peels and residue of fruit juices production are rich in d-limonene, a cyclic terpene characterized by antimicrobial activity, which could hamper energy valorization bioprocess. Considering that limonene is used in nutritional, pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields, citrus by-products processing appear to be a suitable feedstock either for high value product recovery or energy bio-processes. This waste stream, more than 10MTon at 2013 in European Union (AIJN, 2014), can be considered appealing, from the view point of conducting a key study on limonene recovery, as its content of about 1%w/w of high value-added molecule. Different processes are currently being studied to recover or remove limonene from citrus peel to both prevent pollution and energy resources recovery. The present review is aimed to highlight pros and contras of different approaches suggesting an energy sustainability criterion to select the most effective one for materials and energy valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Negro
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mancini
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Bernardo Ruggeri
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Debora Fino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy.
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