1
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Wang L, Hu Y, Jiang N, Yetisen AK. Biosensors for psychiatric biomarkers in mental health monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 256:116242. [PMID: 38631133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are associated with serve disturbances in cognition, emotional control, and/or behavior regulation, yet few routine clinical tools are available for the real-time evaluation and early-stage diagnosis of mental health. Abnormal levels of relevant biomarkers may imply biological, neurological, and developmental dysfunctions of psychiatric patients. Exploring biosensors that can provide rapid, in-situ, and real-time monitoring of psychiatric biomarkers is therefore vital for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of mental disorders. Recently, psychiatric biosensors with high sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility have been widely developed, which are mainly based on electrochemical and optical sensing technologies. This review presented psychiatric disorders with high morbidity, disability, and mortality, followed by describing pathophysiology in a biomarker-implying manner. The latest biosensors developed for the detection of representative psychiatric biomarkers (e.g., cortisol, dopamine, and serotonin) were comprehensively summarized and compared in their sensitivities, sensing technologies, applicable biological platforms, and integrative readouts. These well-developed biosensors are promising for facilitating the clinical utility and commercialization of point-of-care diagnostics. It is anticipated that mental healthcare could be gradually improved in multiple perspectives, ranging from innovations in psychiatric biosensors in terms of biometric elements, transducing principles, and flexible readouts, to the construction of 'Big-Data' networks utilized for sharing intractable psychiatric indicators and cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BU, UK
| | - Yubing Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BU, UK.
| | - Nan Jiang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
| | - Ali K Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BU, UK.
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2
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Phonklam K, Sriwimol W, Thuptimdang W, Phairatana T. Disposable label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on gold nanoparticles-Prussian blue for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin detection in urine samples. Talanta 2024; 274:125960. [PMID: 38555767 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a remarkable biomarker for assessing acute kidney injury. In this study, we developed a novel label-free NGAL electrochemical immunosensor based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and Prussian blue (PB) without an external mediator. The AuNPs-PB based immunosensor was fabricated on a custom gold-electrode (AuE)-based polypropylene (PP) substrate. We systematically assessed and optimized key experimental parameters, including the process of AuNPs-PB electrodeposition, antibody concentration, and incubation time. The immunosensor response toward NGAL was determined using differential pulse voltammetry, where the decrease in the oxidation current response of the PB redox probe correlating with the increase in NGAL concentration. Our results demonstrated that the synergistic benefits of both AuNPs and PB significantly improved electrochemical activity for NGAL detection and provided a highly stable sensor across a range of pH values. The label-free immunosensor exhibited two linear ranges: 0.10-1.40 ng mL-1 and 1.40-25.0 ng mL-1, with a low detection limit of 0.094 ng mL-1. The developed NGAL immunosensor displayed high selectivity and excellent reproducibility. Furthermore, NGAL detection was completed within 30 min and the immunosensor exhibited storage stability for six weeks. Notably, NGAL levels determined in human urine samples using this developed label-free immunosensor showed good agreement with the results obtained from the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. This novel label-free NGAL immunosensor provides great potential in developing NGAL point-of-care testing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewarin Phonklam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Wilaiwan Sriwimol
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Wanwara Thuptimdang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Tonghathai Phairatana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Medical Biosensor Laboratory, Medical Science Research and Innovation Institute, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
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3
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Fu X, Gao K, Liu N, Guo B, He M, Lai N, Li X, Ding S, He X, Wu L. Au/PANI@PtCu-based electrochemical immunosensor for ultrasensitive determination of pro-gastrin-releasing peptide. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:126. [PMID: 38332145 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06168-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor for pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) detection was constructed based on PtCu nanodendrites functionalized Au/polyaniline nanospheres (Au/PANI@PtCu). The prepared Au/PANI@PtCu nanocomposites not only possessed excellent electro-catalytic activity of H2O2 reduction due to the synergistic effect between the Au/PANI and PtCu NDs but also provided large specific surface area for detection of antibodies (Ab2) immobilization. In addition, Au nanoparticles encapsulated multi-wall carbon nanotubes (AuNPs@MWCNTs) were also applied to modify the glassy carbon electrode interface for loading numerous capture antibodies (Ab1). In the presence of target ProGRP, a sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor showed a strong current response from the electro-catalysis of Au/PANI@PtCu toward H2O2 reduction. Benefiting from the exceptional electro-catalytic performance of Au/PANI@PtCu and the high conductivity of AuNPs@MWCNTs, the sandwich-type immunoassay exhibited remarkable sensitivity in detection. The linear range extended from 100 fg/mL to 10 ng/mL, while achieving an impressively low limit of detection of 77.62 fg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhuai Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ke Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonggang General Hospital, Chongqing, 400080, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanjing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Bianqin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Meng He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Nianyu Lai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
| | - Lixiang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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Sakthivel R, Lin YC, Yu MC, Dhawan U, Liu X, Chen JC, Tung CW, Chung RJ. A sensitive sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor using nitrogen-doped graphene/metal-organic framework-derived CuMnCoO x and Au/MXene for the detection of breast cancer biomarker. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113755. [PMID: 38241894 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
In terms of cancer-related deaths among women, breast cancer (BC) is the most common. Clinically, human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2) is one of the most commonly used diagnostic biomarkers for facilitating BC cell proliferation and malignant growth. In this study, a disposable gold electrode (DGE) modified with gold nanoparticle-decorated Ti3C2Tx (Au/MXene) was utilized as a sensing platform to immobilize the capturing antibody (Ab1/Au/MXene). Subsequently, nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) with a metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived copper-manganese-cobalt oxide, tagged as NG/CuMnCoOx, was used as a probe to label the detection antibody (Ab2). A sandwich-type immunosensor (NG/CuMnCoOx/Ab2/HER2-ECD /Ab1/Au/MXene/DGE) was developed to quantify HER2-ECD. NG/CuMnCoOx enhances the conductivity, electrocatalytic active sites, and surface area to immobilize Ab2. In addition, Au/MXene facilitates electron transport and captures more Ab1 on its surface. Under optimal conditions, the resultant immunosensor displayed an excellent linear range of 0.0001 to 50.0 ng. mL-1. The detection limit was 0.757 pg·mL-1 with excellent selectivity, appreciable reproducibility, and high stability. Moreover, the applicability for determining HER2-ECD in human serum samples indicates its ability to monitor tumor markers clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajalakshmi Sakthivel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chin Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Udesh Dhawan
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Xinke Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chinese Engineering and Research Institute of Microelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jung-Chih Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Catholic Mercy Hospital, Catholic Mercy Medical Foundation, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Medical Device Innovation & Translation Centre, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Wei Tung
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Ren-Jei Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei, Taiwan; High-value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei, Taiwan.
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5
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Weber CJ, Clay OM, Lycan RE, Anderson GK, Simoska O. Advances in electrochemical biosensor design for the detection of the stress biomarker cortisol. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:87-106. [PMID: 37989847 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The monitoring of stress levels in humans has become increasingly relevant, given the recent incline of stress-related mental health disorders, lifestyle impacts, and chronic physiological diseases. Long-term exposure to stress can induce anxiety and depression, heart disease, and risky behaviors, such as drug and alcohol abuse. Biomarker molecules can be quantified in biological fluids to study human stress. Cortisol, specifically, is a hormone biomarker produced in the adrenal glands with biofluid concentrations that directly correlate to stress levels in humans. The rapid, real-time detection of cortisol is necessary for stress management and predicting the onset of psychological and physical ailments. Current methods, including mass spectrometry and immunoassays, are effective for sensitive cortisol quantification. However, these techniques provide only single measurements which pose challenges in the continuous monitoring of stress levels. Additionally, these analytical methods often require trained personnel to operate expensive instrumentation. Alternatively, low-cost electrochemical biosensors enable the real-time detection and continuous monitoring of cortisol levels while also providing adequate analytical figures of merit (e.g., sensitivity, selectivity, sensor response times, detection limits, and reproducibility) in a simple design platform. This review discusses the recent developments in electrochemical biosensor design for the detection of cortisol in human biofluids. Special emphasis is given to biosensor recognition elements, including antibodies, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and aptamers, as critical components of electrochemical biosensors for cortisol detection. Furthermore, the advantages and limiting factors of various electrochemical techniques and sensing in complex biofluid matrices are overviewed. Remarks on the current challenges and future perspectives regarding electrochemical biosensors for stress monitoring are provided, including matrix effects (pH dependence and biological interferences), wearability, and large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J Weber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Olivia M Clay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Reese E Lycan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Gracie K Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Olja Simoska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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6
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Ma Y, Chen R, Zhang R, Liang J, Ren S, Gao Z. Application of DNA-fueled molecular machines in food safety testing. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:1-22. [PMID: 38284608 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Food is consumed by humans, which is indispensable to human life. Therefore, considerable attention of the whole society has been paid to food safety. Over the last few years, dramatic social development has brought new challenges to food safety, making developing new and quick methods for on-site food safety testing an important necessity. As a result, DNA-fueled molecular machines, characterized by high efficiency, accuracy, and sensitivity in testing, have come into the spotlight, based on which sensors can be constructed to detect toxic and harmful substances in food products. This study reviewed recent research on several DNA-fueled molecular machines, including DNA tweezers, DNA walkers, and DNA origami, for rapidly detecting toxic and harmful substances. Based on the above studies, the sensitivity and timeliness of several DNA molecular machines were summarized and compared, and the development prospect of DNA fuel molecular machines in the field of food safety detection was prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruipeng Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyue Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhixian Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
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7
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Shi Z, Wang Z, Li K, Wang Y, Li Z, Zhu Z. MXene fibers-based molecularly imprinted disposable electrochemical sensor for sensitive and selective detection of hydrocortisone. Talanta 2024; 266:125100. [PMID: 37611366 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based on MXene fibers was proposed in this work. Firstly, the wet spinning technique prepared MXene fibers with a large aspect ratio, which can make the sheet-like MXene uniformly arranged, avoiding the agglomeration of MXene and improving the electrical conductivity. Afterwards, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with specific recognition sites were synthesized on the surface of MXene fibers using the electro-polymerization method. The electrochemical sensor utilized the advantages of MXene fibers and molecular imprinting techniques to gain superior selectivity and sensitivity of hydrocortisone (HC). Electrochemical tests with different concentrations of HC (0.5 nM-10.0 μM) under optimal measurement conditions exhibited excellent linearity and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.17 nM. Furthermore, the electrochemical sensor displayed excellent selectivity, interference resistance, reproducibility, stability and outstanding application performance in serum. This work has promising applications in trace analysis in real sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Shi
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Kaiwen Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhanhong Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhigang Zhu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
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8
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Di Matteo P, Petrucci R, Curulli A. Not Only Graphene Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials: Recent Trends in Electrochemical (Bio)sensing Area for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications. Molecules 2023; 29:172. [PMID: 38202755 PMCID: PMC10780376 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials (e.g., graphene) have attracted growing attention in the (bio)sensing area and, in particular, for biomedical applications because of their unique mechanical and physicochemical properties, such as their high thermal and electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, and large surface area. Graphene (G) and its derivatives represent the most common 2D nanomaterials applied to electrochemical (bio)sensors for healthcare applications. This review will pay particular attention to other 2D nanomaterials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and MXenes, applied to the electrochemical biomedical (bio)sensing area, considering the literature of the last five years (2018-2022). An overview of 2D nanostructures focusing on the synthetic approach, the integration with electrodic materials, including other nanomaterials, and with different biorecognition elements such as antibodies, nucleic acids, enzymes, and aptamers, will be provided. Next, significant examples of applications in the clinical field will be reported and discussed together with the role of nanomaterials, the type of (bio)sensor, and the adopted electrochemical technique. Finally, challenges related to future developments of these nanomaterials to design portable sensing systems will be shortly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Di Matteo
- Dipartimento Scienze di Base e Applicate per l’Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.D.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Rita Petrucci
- Dipartimento Scienze di Base e Applicate per l’Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.D.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Antonella Curulli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN), 00161 Rome, Italy
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Saha T, Del Caño R, De la Paz E, Sandhu SS, Wang J. Access and Management of Sweat for Non-Invasive Biomarker Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206064. [PMID: 36433842 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sweat is an important biofluid presents in the body since it regulates the internal body temperature, and it is relatively easy to access on the skin unlike other biofluids and contains several biomarkers that are also present in the blood. Although sweat sensing devices have recently displayed tremendous progress, most of the emerging devices primarily focus on the sensor development, integration with electronics, wearability, and data from in vitro studies and short-term on-body trials during exercise. To further the advances in sweat sensing technology, this review aims to present a comprehensive report on the approaches to access and manage sweat from the skin toward improved sweat collection and sensing. It is begun by delineating the sweat secretion mechanism through the skin, and the historical perspective of sweat, followed by a detailed discussion on the mechanisms governing sweat generation and management on the skin. It is concluded by presenting the advanced applications of sweat sensing, supported by a discussion of robust, extended-operation epidermal wearable devices aiming to strengthen personalized healthcare monitoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamoghna Saha
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, California, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Rafael Del Caño
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, California, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Applied Thermodynamics, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, E-14014, Spain
| | - Ernesto De la Paz
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, California, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Samar S Sandhu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, California, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, California, CA, 92093, USA
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Karuppaiah G, Lee MH, Bhansali S, Manickam P. Electrochemical sensors for cortisol detection: Principles, designs, fabrication, and characterisation. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 239:115600. [PMID: 37611448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Psychological stress is a major factor contributing to health discrepancies among individuals. Sustained exposure to stress triggers signalling pathways in the brain, which leading to the release of stress hormones in the body. Cortisol, a steroid hormone, is a significant biomarker for stress management due to its responsibility in the body's reply to stress. The release of cortisol in bloodstream prepares the body for a "fight or flight" response by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, metabolism, and suppressing the immune system. Detecting cortisol in biological samples is crucial for understanding its role in stress and personalized healthcare. Traditional techniques for cortisol detection have limitations, prompting researchers to explore alternative strategies. Electrochemical sensing has emerged as a reliable method for point-of-care (POC) cortisol detection. This review focuses on the progress made in electrochemical sensors for cortisol detection, covering their design, principle, and electroanalytical methodologies. The analytical performance of these sensors is also analysed and summarized. Despite significant advancements, the development of electrochemical cortisol sensors faces challenges such as biofouling, sample preparation, sensitivity, flexibility, stability, and recognition layer performance. Therefore, the need to develop more sensitive electrodes and materials is emphasized. Finally, we discussed the potential strategies for electrode design and provides examples of sensing approaches. Moreover, the encounters of translating research into real world applications are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopi Karuppaiah
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Shekhar Bhansali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33174, USA.
| | - Pandiaraj Manickam
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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11
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Zhou Q, Wang L, Zheng H, Peng Z, Hu Z, Zhou Y, Wang B. An ultrasensitive MXene-based electrochemical immunosensor for the detection and species identification of archaeological silk microtraces. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 238:115581. [PMID: 37566940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The origin and dissemination of silk have been hotly debated in the field of archaeology, and the key to resolving this controversy lies in the detection and species identification of ancient silk microtraces. Herein, a taxonomically specific anti-fibroin monoclonal antibody was successfully prepared and a layer-by-layer self assembly electrochemical immunosensor was innovatively proposed for detecting silk traces based on flexible carbon cloth. The immunosensor possessed a broad linear range of 10-2-103 ng mL-1 and a detection limit of 2.15 pg mL-1 for the ultrasensitive detection of Bombyx mori silk traces. In addition, the elaborate immunosensor exhibited satisfactory high specificity, storage stability and reproducibility. In particular, the qualitative and quantitative performance of the immunosensor was excellent in the analysis of archaeological samples. Therefore, this work demonstrates that the proposed method not only provides a reliable analytical tool for exploring the origin and spread of archaeological silk, but also improves our understanding of how to use emerging materials like two-dimensional titanium carbide to creat innovative biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hailing Zheng
- Key Scientific Research Base of Textile Conservation, State Administration for Cultural Heritage, China National Silk Museum, Hangzhou, 310002, China
| | - Zhiqin Peng
- Institute of Textile Conservation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhiwen Hu
- Institute of Textile Conservation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Scientific Research Base of Textile Conservation, State Administration for Cultural Heritage, China National Silk Museum, Hangzhou, 310002, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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12
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Khachornsakkul K, Del-Rio-Ruiz R, Zeng W, Sonkusale S. Highly Sensitive Photothermal Microfluidic Thread-Based Duplex Immunosensor for Point-of-Care Monitoring. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12802-12810. [PMID: 37578458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we successfully developed a thread-based analytical device (μTAD) for simultaneous immunosensing of two biomolecules with attomolar sensitivity by using a photothermal effect. A photothermal effect exploits a strong light-to-heat energy conversion of plasmonic metallic nanoparticles at localized surface plasmon resonance. The key innovation is to utilize the cotton thread to realize this sensor and the use of chitosan modification for enhancing the microfluidic properties, for improving the efficiency of photothermal conversion, and for sensor stability. The developed μTAD sensor consists of (i) a sample zone, (ii) a conjugation zone coated with gold nanoparticles bound with an antibody (AuNPs-Ab2), and (iii) a test zone immobilized with a capture antibody (anti-Ab1). The prepared μTAD is assembled in a custom three-dimensional (3D) printed device which holds the laser for illumination and the thermometer for readout. The 3D-printed supportive device enhances signal response by focusing light and localizing the heat generated. For proof of concept, simultaneous sensing of two key stress and inflammation biomarkers, namely, cortisol and interleukin-6 (IL-6), are monitored using this technique. Under optimization, this device exhibited a detection linear range of 2.0-14.0 ag/mL (R2 = 0.9988) and 30.0-360.0 fg/mL (R2 = 0.9942) with a detection limit (LOD) of 1.40 ag/mL (∼3.86 amol/L) and 20.0 fg/mL (∼950.0 amol/L) for cortisol and IL-6, respectively. Furthermore, the analysis of both biomolecules in human samples indicated recoveries in the range of 98.8%-102.88% with the highest relative standard deviation being 3.49%, offering great accuracy and precision. These results are the highest reported sensitivity for these analytes using an immunoassay method. Our PT-μTAD strategy is therefore a promising approach for detecting biomolecules in resource-limited point-of-care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawin Khachornsakkul
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Ruben Del-Rio-Ruiz
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Wenxin Zeng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Sameer Sonkusale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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13
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Li Q, Wu X, Mu S, He C, Ren X, Luo X, Adeli M, Han X, Ma L, Cheng C. Microenvironment Restruction of Emerging 2D Materials and their Roles in Therapeutic and Diagnostic Nano-Bio-Platforms. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207759. [PMID: 37129318 PMCID: PMC10369261 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Engineering advanced therapeutic and diagnostic nano-bio-platforms (NBPFs) have emerged as rapidly-developed pathways against a wide range of challenges in antitumor, antipathogen, tissue regeneration, bioimaging, and biosensing applications. Emerged 2D materials have attracted extensive scientific interest as fundamental building blocks or nanostructures among material scientists, chemists, biologists, and doctors due to their advantageous physicochemical and biological properties. This timely review provides a comprehensive summary of creating advanced NBPFs via emerging 2D materials (2D-NBPFs) with unique insights into the corresponding molecularly restructured microenvironments and biofunctionalities. First, it is focused on an up-to-date overview of the synthetic strategies for designing 2D-NBPFs with a cross-comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. After that, the recent key achievements are summarized in tuning the biofunctionalities of 2D-NBPFs via molecularly programmed microenvironments, including physiological stability, biocompatibility, bio-adhesiveness, specific binding to pathogens, broad-spectrum pathogen inhibitors, stimuli-responsive systems, and enzyme-mimetics. Moreover, the representative therapeutic and diagnostic applications of 2D-NBPFs are also discussed with detailed disclosure of their critical design principles and parameters. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are also discussed. Overall, this review will provide cutting-edge and multidisciplinary guidance for accelerating future developments and therapeutic/diagnostic applications of 2D-NBPFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xizheng Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Shengdong Mu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chao He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiancheng Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xianglin Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, 68137-17133, Iran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xianglong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lang Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Ganesan S, Ramajayam K, Kokulnathan T, Palaniappan A. Recent Advances in Two-Dimensional MXene-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Sweat Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:4617. [PMID: 37375172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweat, a biofluid secreted naturally from the eccrine glands of the human body, is rich in several electrolytes, metabolites, biomolecules, and even xenobiotics that enter the body through other means. Recent studies indicate a high correlation between the analytes' concentrations in the sweat and the blood, opening up sweat as a medium for disease diagnosis and other general health monitoring applications. However, low concentration of analytes in sweat is a significant limitation, requiring high-performing sensors for this application. Electrochemical sensors, due to their high sensitivity, low cost, and miniaturization, play a crucial role in realizing the potential of sweat as a key sensing medium. MXenes, recently developed anisotropic two-dimensional atomic-layered nanomaterials composed of early transition metal carbides or nitrides, are currently being explored as a material of choice for electrochemical sensors. Their large surface area, tunable electrical properties, excellent mechanical strength, good dispersibility, and biocompatibility make them attractive for bio-electrochemical sensing platforms. This review presents the recent progress made in MXene-based bio-electrochemical sensors such as wearable, implantable, and microfluidic sensors and their applications in disease diagnosis and developing point-of-care sensing platforms. Finally, the paper discusses the challenges and limitations of MXenes as a material of choice in bio-electrochemical sensors and future perspectives on this exciting material for sweat-sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaganapathy Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalaipriya Ramajayam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangavelu Kokulnathan
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Arunkumar Palaniappan
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Su T, Mi Z, Xia Y, Jin D, Xu Q, Hu X, Shu Y. A wearable sweat electrochemical aptasensor based on the Ni-Co MOF nanosheet-decorated CNTs/PU film for monitoring of stress biomarker. Talanta 2023; 260:124620. [PMID: 37148688 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring cortisol, a hormone released by the adrenal cortex in response to stress, is essential to evaluate the endocrine response to stress stimuli. While the current cortisol sensing methods require large laboratory settings, complex assay, and professional personnel. Herein, a novel flexible and wearable electrochemical aptasensor based on a Ni-Co metal-organic frameworks (MOF) nanosheet-decorated carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polyurethane (PU) film is developed for rapid and reliable detection of cortisol in sweat. First, the CNTs/PU (CP) film was prepared by a modified wet spinning technology, and the CNTs/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution was thermally deposited on the surface of CP film to form the highly flexible CNTs/PVA/CP (CCP) film with excellent conductivity. Then aminated Ni-Co MOF nanosheet prepared by a facile solvothermal method was conjugated with streptavidin and modified on the CCP film. Biofunctional MOF can effectively capture cortisol aptamer due to its excellent specific surface area. In addition, the MOF with peroxidase activity can catalytic oxidization of hydroquinone (HQ) by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which could amplify the peak current signal. The catalytic activity of Ni-Co MOF was substantially suppressed in the HQ/H2O2 system due to the formation of the aptamer-cortisol complex, which reduced the current signal, thereby realizing highly sensitive and selective detection of cortisol. The sensor has a linear range of 0.1-100 ng/mL and a detection limit of 0.032 ng/mL. Meanwhile, the sensor showed high accuracy for cortisol detection under mechanical deformation conditions. More importantly, the prepared MOF/CCP film based three-electrode was assembled with the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate, and the sweat-cloth was used as the sweat collection channel to fabricate a wearable sensor patch for monitoring of cortisol in volunteers' sweat in the morning and evening. This flexible and non-invasive sweat cortisol aptasensor shows great potential for quantitative stress monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, PR China
| | - Ziyi Mi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, PR China
| | - Youyuan Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, PR China
| | - Dangqin Jin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Qin Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, PR China
| | - Yun Shu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, PR China.
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16
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Min J, Tu J, Xu C, Lukas H, Shin S, Yang Y, Solomon SA, Mukasa D, Gao W. Skin-Interfaced Wearable Sweat Sensors for Precision Medicine. Chem Rev 2023; 123:5049-5138. [PMID: 36971504 PMCID: PMC10406569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sensors hold great potential in empowering personalized health monitoring, predictive analytics, and timely intervention toward personalized healthcare. Advances in flexible electronics, materials science, and electrochemistry have spurred the development of wearable sweat sensors that enable the continuous and noninvasive screening of analytes indicative of health status. Existing major challenges in wearable sensors include: improving the sweat extraction and sweat sensing capabilities, improving the form factor of the wearable device for minimal discomfort and reliable measurements when worn, and understanding the clinical value of sweat analytes toward biomarker discovery. This review provides a comprehensive review of wearable sweat sensors and outlines state-of-the-art technologies and research that strive to bridge these gaps. The physiology of sweat, materials, biosensing mechanisms and advances, and approaches for sweat induction and sampling are introduced. Additionally, design considerations for the system-level development of wearable sweat sensing devices, spanning from strategies for prolonged sweat extraction to efficient powering of wearables, are discussed. Furthermore, the applications, data analytics, commercialization efforts, challenges, and prospects of wearable sweat sensors for precision medicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Min
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Jiaobing Tu
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Changhao Xu
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Heather Lukas
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Soyoung Shin
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Yiran Yang
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Samuel A. Solomon
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Daniel Mukasa
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
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17
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Xie P, Wang D, Zhao H, Yin N, Hu S, Qin W, Meng L, Pan X, Yuan Y, Yuan R, Peng K. Electrochemical biomimetic enzyme cascade amplification combined with target-induced DNA walker for detection of thrombin. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:188. [PMID: 37079080 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05769-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Fe-N-doped carbon nanomaterials (Fe-N/CMs) were designed as a novel biomimetic enzyme with excellent peroxidase-like activity to achieve high-efficient enzyme cascade catalytic amplification with the aid of glucose oxidase (GOx), which was further combined with target-induced DNA walker amplification to develop a sensitive electrochemical biosensor for thrombin detection. Impressively, massive output DNA was transformed from small amounts of target thrombin by highly effective DNA walker amplification as protein-converting strategy, which could then induce the immobilization of functionalized nanozyme on the electrode surface to achieve the high-efficient electrochemical biomimetic enzyme cascade amplification. As a result, an amplified enzyme cascade catalytic signal was measured for thrombin detection ranging from 0.01 pM to 1 nM with a low detection limit of 3 fM. Importantly, the new biomimetic enzyme cascade reaction coupled the advantages of natural enzyme and nanozyme, which paved an avenue to construct varied artificial multienzymes amplification systems for biosensing, bioanalysis, and disease diagnosis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwen Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yin
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhan Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kanfu Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Yang J, Deng C, Zhong W, Peng G, Zou J, Lu Y, Gao Y, Li M, Zhang S, Lu L. Electrochemical activation of oxygen vacancy-rich TiO 2@MXene as high-performance electrochemical sensing platform for detecting imidacloprid in fruits and vegetables. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:146. [PMID: 36943487 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05734-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Heterostructured TiO2@MXene rich in oxygen vacancies defects (VO-TiO2@MXene) has been developed to construct an electrochemical sensing platform for imidacloprid (IMI) determination. For the material design, TiO2 nanoparticles were firstly in situ grown on MXene and used as a scaffolding to prevent the stack of MXene nanosheets. The obtained TiO2@MXene heterostructure displays excellent layered structure and large specific surface area. After that, electrochemical activation is utilized to treat TiO2@MXene, which greatly increases the concentration of surface oxygen vacancies (VOs), thereby remarkably enhancing the conductivity and adsorption capacity of the composite. Accordingly, the prepared VO-TiO2@MXene displays excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the reduction of IMI. Under optimum conditions, cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry techniques were utilized to investigate the electrochemical behavior of IMI at the VO-TiO2@MXene/GCE. The proposed sensor based on VO-TiO2@MXene presents an obvious reduction peak at -1.05 V(vs. Hg|Hg2Cl2) with two linear ranges from 0.07 - 10.0 μM and 10.0 - 70.0 μM with a detection limit of 23.3 nM (S/N= 3). Furthermore, the sensor provides a reliable result for detecting IMI in fruit and vegetable samples with a recovery of 97.9-103% and RSD≤ 4.3%. A sensitive electrochemical sensing platform was reported for imidacloprid (IMI) determination based on heterostructured TiO2@MXene rich in oxygen vacancy defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Wastewater Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, 415000, China
| | - Changxi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Guanwei Peng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Jin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Yansha Gao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Mingfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Songbai Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Wastewater Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, 415000, China.
| | - Limin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
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19
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Li H, Fan R, Zou B, Yan J, Shi Q, Guo G. Roles of MXenes in biomedical applications: recent developments and prospects. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:73. [PMID: 36859311 PMCID: PMC9979438 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
....With the development of nanomedical technology, the application of various novel nanomaterials in the biomedical field has been greatly developed in recent years. MXenes, which are new inorganic nanomaterials with ultrathin atomic thickness, consist of layered transition metal carbides and nitrides or carbonitrides and have the general structural formula Mn+1XnTx (n = 1-3). Based on the unique structural features of MXenes, such as ultrathin atomic thickness and high specific surface area, and their excellent physicochemical properties, such as high photothermal conversion efficiency and antibacterial properties, MXenes have been widely applied in the biomedical field. This review systematically summarizes the application of MXene-based materials in biomedicine. The first section is a brief summary of their synthesis methods and surface modification strategies, which is followed by a focused overview and analysis of MXenes applications in biosensors, diagnosis, therapy, antibacterial agents, and implants, among other areas. We also review two popular research areas: wearable devices and immunotherapy. Finally, the difficulties and research progress in the clinical translation of MXene-based materials in biomedical applications are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Rangrang Fan
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Bingwen Zou
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Jiazhen Yan
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Qiwu Shi
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065 Sichuan China
| | - Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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20
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Yang G, Liu F, Zhao J, Fu L, Gu Y, Qu L, Zhu C, Zhu JJ, Lin Y. MXenes-based nanomaterials for biosensing and biomedicine. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.215002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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21
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Cui A, Meng P, Hu J, Yang H, Yang Z, Li H, Sun Y. Fabrication of high-performance cell-imprinted polymers based on AuNPs/MXene composites via metal-free visible light-induced ATRP. Analyst 2023; 148:1058-1067. [PMID: 36728941 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01896a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell-imprinted polymers (CIPs) for yeasts were fabricated via metal-free visible-light-induced atom transfer radical polymerization (MVL ATRP) on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) which had been modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/MXene (Ti3C2Tx) composites. Here, the AuNPs/Ti3C2Tx composites form a macroporous structure, which could improve the electron transfer rate of the materials and facilitate the leaving or rebinding of cells. Methacrylic acid (MAA) and N,N'-methylene bis-acrylamide (MBA) were selected as the functional monomer and cross-linker of CIPs, because they could form efficient hydrogen bonding with mannan from yeast cell walls. The obtained electrode (CIPs/AuNPs/Ti3C2Tx/GCE) was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Further experiments indicated that the CIPs/AuNPs/Ti3C2Tx/GCE electrode could be utilized as an electrochemical biosensor to determine yeast cells by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The linear response range was 1.0 × 102 to 1.0 × 109 cells per mL and the detection limit was 20 cells per mL (S/N = 3). The CIPs/AuNPs/Ti3C2Tx/GCE electrode also showed good selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and regeneration. Finally, the proposed sensor was used to detect yeast cells in commercial samples of Saccharomyces boulardii sachets by a standard addition method. The obtained recovery was from 96.9 to 104.8% showing its potential applications in clinical and diagnostic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailu Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | - Peiran Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | - Jing Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | - Huimin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | - Zuan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | - Hongchao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
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22
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Yuan X, Li C, Yin X, Yang Y, Ji B, Niu Y, Ren L. Epidermal Wearable Biosensors for Monitoring Biomarkers of Chronic Disease in Sweat. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:313. [PMID: 36979525 PMCID: PMC10045998 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biological information detection technology is mainly used for the detection of physiological and biochemical parameters closely related to human tissues and organ lesions, such as biomarkers. This technology has important value in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases in their early stages. Wearable biosensors can be integrated with the Internet of Things and Big Data to realize the detection, transmission, storage, and comprehensive analysis of human physiological and biochemical information. This technology has extremely wide applications and considerable market prospects in frontier fields including personal health monitoring, chronic disease diagnosis and management, and home medical care. In this review, we systematically summarized the sweat biomarkers, introduced the sweat extraction and collection methods, and discussed the application and development of epidermal wearable biosensors for monitoring biomarkers in sweat in preclinical research in recent years. In addition, the current challenges and development prospects in this field were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichen Yuan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Chen Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo 315103, China
| | - Xu Yin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Bowen Ji
- Unmanned System Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Yinbo Niu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Li Ren
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo 315103, China
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23
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Karachaliou CE, Koukouvinos G, Goustouridis D, Raptis I, Kakabakos S, Petrou P, Livaniou E. Cortisol Immunosensors: A Literature Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13020285. [PMID: 36832050 PMCID: PMC9954523 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cortisol is a steroid hormone that is involved in a broad range of physiological processes in human/animal organisms. Cortisol levels in biological samples are a valuable biomarker, e.g., of stress and stress-related diseases; thus, cortisol determination in biological fluids, such as serum, saliva and urine, is of great clinical value. Although cortisol analysis can be performed with chromatography-based analytical techniques, such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), conventional immunoassays (radioimmunoassays (RIAs), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), etc.) are considered the "gold standard" analytical methodology for cortisol, due to their high sensitivity along with a series of practical advantages, such as low-cost instrumentation, an assay protocol that is fast and easy to perform, and high sample throughput. Especially in recent decades, research efforts have focused on the replacement of conventional immunoassays by cortisol immunosensors, which may offer further improvements in the field, such as real-time analysis at the point of care (e.g., continuous cortisol monitoring in sweat through wearable electrochemical sensors). In this review, most of the reported cortisol immunosensors, mainly electrochemical and also optical ones, are presented, focusing on their immunosensing/detection principles. Future prospects are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula-Evangelia Karachaliou
- Immunopeptide Chemistry Lab., Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, P.O. Box 60037, 153 10 Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Georgios Koukouvinos
- Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab., Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, P.O. Box 60037, 153 10 Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Goustouridis
- ThetaMetrisis S.A., Christou Lada 40, 121 32 Athens, Greece
- Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, University of West Attica, 122 44 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Raptis
- ThetaMetrisis S.A., Christou Lada 40, 121 32 Athens, Greece
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, P.O. Box 60037, 153 10 Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Sotirios Kakabakos
- Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab., Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, P.O. Box 60037, 153 10 Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Panagiota Petrou
- Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab., Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, P.O. Box 60037, 153 10 Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Evangelia Livaniou
- Immunopeptide Chemistry Lab., Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, P.O. Box 60037, 153 10 Agia Paraskevi, Greece
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24
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Khumngern S, Jeerapan I. Advances in wearable electrochemical antibody-based sensors for cortisol sensing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04577-y. [PMID: 36781449 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Cortisol is a crucial hormone involving many physiological processes. Hence, cortisol detection is essential. This review highlights the key progress made on wearable electrochemical sensors using antibodies. It covers the design, principle, and electroanalytical methodology for detecting cortisol noninvasively. This article also analyzes and collects the analytical performances of electrochemical cortisol sensors. The development of these sensors continues to face challenges such as biofouling, sample management, sensitivity, flexibility, stability, and recognition layer performance. It is also necessary to develop a sensitive electrode and material. This article also presents potential strategies for designing antibody electrodes and provides examples of sensing systems. Additionally, it discusses the challenges in translating research into practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suntisak Khumngern
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand.,Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Itthipon Jeerapan
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand.
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25
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Emerging Trends and Recent Progress of MXene as a Promising 2D Material for Point of Care (POC) Diagnostics. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13040697. [PMID: 36832187 PMCID: PMC9955873 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with chemical and structural diversity have piqued the interest of the scientific community due to their superior photonic, mechanical, electrical, magnetic, and catalytic capabilities that distinguish them from their bulk counterparts. Among these 2D materials, two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides with a general chemical formula of Mn+1XnTx (where n = 1-3), together known as MXenes, have gained tremendous popularity and demonstrated competitive performance in biosensing applications. In this review, we focus on the cutting-edge advances in MXene-related biomaterials, with a systematic summary on their design, synthesis, surface engineering approaches, unique properties, and biological properties. We particularly emphasize the property-activity-effect relationship of MXenes at the nano-bio interface. We also discuss the recent trends in the application of MXenes in accelerating the performance of conventional point of care (POC) devices towards more practical approaches as the next generation of POC tools. Finally, we explore in depth the existing problems, challenges, and potential for future improvement of MXene-based materials for POC testing, with the goal of facilitating their early realization of biological applications.
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26
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Blasques RV, de Oliveira PR, Kalinke C, Brazaca LC, Crapnell RD, Bonacin JA, Banks CE, Janegitz BC. Flexible Label-Free Platinum and Bio-PET-Based Immunosensor for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:190. [PMID: 36831956 PMCID: PMC9954080 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The demand for new devices that enable the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) at a relatively low cost and that are fast and feasible to be used as point-of-care is required overtime on a large scale. In this sense, the use of sustainable materials, for example, the bio-based poly (ethylene terephthalate) (Bio-PET) can be an alternative to current standard diagnostics. In this work, we present a flexible disposable printed electrode based on a platinum thin film on Bio-PET as a substrate for the development of a sensor and immunosensor for the monitoring of COVID-19 biomarkers, by the detection of L-cysteine and the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, respectively. The electrode was applied in conjunction with 3D printing technology to generate a portable and easy-to-analyze device with a low sample volume. For the L-cysteine determination, chronoamperometry was used, which achieved two linear dynamic ranges (LDR) of 3.98-39.0 μmol L-1 and 39.0-145 μmol L-1, and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.70 μmol L-1. The detection of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was achieved by both square wave voltammetry (SWV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) by a label-free immunosensor, using potassium ferro-ferricyanide solution as the electrochemical probe. An LDR of 0.70-7.0 and 1.0-30 pmol L-1, with an LOD of 0.70 and 1.0 pmol L-1 were obtained by SWV and EIS, respectively. As a proof of concept, the immunosensor was successfully applied for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in enriched synthetic saliva samples, which demonstrates the potential of using the proposed sensor as an alternative platform for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Vieira Blasques
- Laboratory of Sensors, Nanomedicine and Nanostructured Materials, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Sensors, Nanomedicine and Nanostructured Materials, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, Brazil
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Cristiane Kalinke
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Laís Canniatti Brazaca
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Robert D. Crapnell
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | | | - Craig E. Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Bruno Campos Janegitz
- Laboratory of Sensors, Nanomedicine and Nanostructured Materials, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, Brazil
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27
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Koyappayil A, Yagati AK, Lee MH. Recent Trends in Metal Nanoparticles Decorated 2D Materials for Electrochemical Biomarker Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010091. [PMID: 36671926 PMCID: PMC9855691 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Technological advancements in the healthcare sector have pushed for improved sensors and devices for disease diagnosis and treatment. Recently, with the discovery of numerous biomarkers for various specific physiological conditions, early disease screening has become a possibility. Biomarkers are the body's early warning systems, which are indicators of a biological state that provides a standardized and precise way of evaluating the progression of disease or infection. Owing to the extremely low concentrations of various biomarkers in bodily fluids, signal amplification strategies have become crucial for the detection of biomarkers. Metal nanoparticles are commonly applied on 2D platforms to anchor antibodies and enhance the signals for electrochemical biomarker detection. In this context, this review will discuss the recent trends and advances in metal nanoparticle decorated 2D materials for electrochemical biomarker detection. The prospects, advantages, and limitations of this strategy also will be discussed in the concluding section of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Min-Ho Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-820-5503; Fax: +82-2-814-2651
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28
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Gao F, Liu C, Zhang L, Liu T, Wang Z, Song Z, Cai H, Fang Z, Chen J, Wang J, Han M, Wang J, Lin K, Wang R, Li M, Mei Q, Ma X, Liang S, Gou G, Xue N. Wearable and flexible electrochemical sensors for sweat analysis: a review. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:1. [PMID: 36597511 PMCID: PMC9805458 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Flexible wearable sweat sensors allow continuous, real-time, noninvasive detection of sweat analytes, provide insight into human physiology at the molecular level, and have received significant attention for their promising applications in personalized health monitoring. Electrochemical sensors are the best choice for wearable sweat sensors due to their high performance, low cost, miniaturization, and wide applicability. Recent developments in soft microfluidics, multiplexed biosensing, energy harvesting devices, and materials have advanced the compatibility of wearable electrochemical sweat-sensing platforms. In this review, we summarize the potential of sweat for medical detection and methods for sweat stimulation and collection. This paper provides an overview of the components of wearable sweat sensors and recent developments in materials and power supply technologies and highlights some typical sensing platforms for different types of analytes. Finally, the paper ends with a discussion of the challenges and a view of the prospective development of this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fupeng Gao
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiu Liu
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Lichao Zhang
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Tiezhu Liu
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Zixuan Song
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Haoyuan Cai
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Junbo Wang
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Mengdi Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Beijing Shuimujiheng Biotechnology Company, 101102 Beijing, China
| | - Kai Lin
- PLA Air Force Characteristic Medical Center, 100142 Beijing, China
| | - Ruoyong Wang
- PLA Air Force Characteristic Medical Center, 100142 Beijing, China
| | - Mingxiao Li
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Qian Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 215163 Suzhou, China
| | - Xibo Ma
- CBSR&NLPR, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuli Liang
- Functional Neurosurgery Department, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100045 Beijing, China
| | - Guangyang Gou
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Ning Xue
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100190 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
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29
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Chen DN, Jiang LY, Zhang JX, Tang C, Wang AJ, Feng JJ. Electrochemical label-free immunoassay of HE4 using 3D PtNi nanocubes assemblies as biosensing interfaces. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:455. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Liu X, Bai L, Cao X, Wu F, Yin T, Lu W. Rapid determination of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins based on 2D/2D MXene/P–BiOCl/Ru(bpy) 32+ heterojunction composites to enhance electrochemiluminescence performance. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1234:340522. [PMID: 36328721 PMCID: PMC9575274 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
At the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a cluster of atypical pneumonia caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been known as a highly contagious disease. Herein, we report the MXene/P–BiOCl/Ru(bpy)32+ heterojunction composite to construct an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (CoVNP) determination. Two-dimensional (2D) material ultrathin phosphorus-doped bismuth oxychloride (P–BiOCl) is exploited and first applied in ECL. 2D architectures MXene not only act as “soft substrate” to improve the properties of P–BiOCl, but also synergistically work with P–BiOCl. Owing to the inimitable set of bulk and interfacial properties, intrinsic high electrochemical conductivity, hydrophilicity and good biocompatible of 2D/2D MXene/P–BiOCl/Ru(bpy)32+, this as-exploited heterojunction composite is an efficient signal amplifier and co-reaction accelerator in the presence of tri-n-propylamine (TPA) as a coreactant. The proposed MXene/P–BiOCl/Ru(bpy)32+-TPA system exhibits a high and stable ECL signal and achieves ECL emission quenching for “signal on-off” recognition of CoVNP. Fascinatingly, the constructed ECL biosensor towards CoVNP allows a wide linear concentration range from 1 fg/mL to 10 ng/mL and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.49 fg/mL (S/N = 3). Furthermore, this presented strategy sheds light on designing a highly efficient ECL nanostructure through the combination of 2D MXene architectures with 2D semiconductor materials in the field of nanomedicine. This ECL biosensor can successfully detect CoVNP in human serum, which can promote the prosperity and development of diagnostic methods of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Liwei Bai
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Xiaowei Cao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Feng Wu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Tao Yin
- College of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Wenbo Lu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China,Corresponding author
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31
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Geng L, Huang J, Zhai H, Shen Z, Han J, Yu Y, Fang H, Li F, Sun X, Guo Y. Molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes for specific recognition and determination of chloramphenicol in milk. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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32
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Mishra N, Garland NT, Hewett KA, Shamsi M, Dickey MD, Bandodkar AJ. A Soft Wearable Microfluidic Patch with Finger-Actuated Pumps and Valves for On-Demand, Longitudinal, and Multianalyte Sweat Sensing. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3169-3180. [PMID: 36250738 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Easy sample collection, physiological relevance, and ability to noninvasively and longitudinally monitor the human body are some of the key attributes of wearable sweat sensors. Examples typically include reversible sensors or an array of single-use sensors embedded in specialized microfluidics for temporal analysis of sweat. However, evolving this field to a level that truly represents "lab-on-skin" technology will require the incorporation of advanced functionalities that give the user the freedom to (1) choose the precise time for performing sample analysis and (2) select sensors from an array embedded within the device for performing condition-specific sample analysis. Here, we introduce new concepts in wearable microfluidic platforms that offer such capabilities. The described technology involves a series of finger-actuated pumps, valves, and sensors incorporated within soft, wearable microfluidics. The incoming sweat collects in the inlet chamber and can be analyzed by the user at the time of their choosing. On-demand sweat analyte assessment is achieved by pulling a thin tab to activate a pump which opens a valve and allows the pooled sweat to enter a chamber embedded with sensors for the desired analytes. The article describes a thorough characterization of the platform that demonstrates the robustness of the pumping, valving, and sensing aspects of the device under conditions mimicking real-life scenarios. A two-day-long human pilot study validates the system and illustrates the device's ability to offer on-demand, longitudinal, and multianalyte sensing. Our work represents the first example of a wearable system with such on-demand sensing capabilities and opens exciting avenues in sweat sensing for acquiring new insights into human physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navya Mishra
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States.,Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Nate T Garland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States.,Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Krystyn A Hewett
- Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Mohammad Shamsi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Michael D Dickey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Amay J Bandodkar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States.,Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
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33
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Niamsi W, Larpant N, Kalambate PK, Primpray V, Karuwan C, Rodthongkum N, Laiwattanapaisal W. Paper-Based Screen-Printed Ionic-Liquid/Graphene Electrode Integrated with Prussian Blue/MXene Nanocomposites Enabled Electrochemical Detection for Glucose Sensing. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12100852. [PMID: 36290989 PMCID: PMC9599729 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
As glucose biosensors play an important role in glycemic control, which can prevent the diabetic complications, the development of a glucose sensing platform is still in needed. Herein, the first proposal on the in-house fabricated paper-based screen-printed ionic liquid/graphene electrode (SPIL-GE) modified with MXene (Ti3C2Tx), prussian blue (PB), glucose oxidase (GOx), and Nafion is reported. The concentration of PB/Ti3C2Tx was optimized and the optimal detection potential of PB/Ti3C2Tx/GOx/Nafion/SPIL-GE is -0.05 V. The performance of PB/Ti3C2Tx/GOx/Nafion modified SPIL-GE was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry technique. This paper-based platform integrated with nanomaterial composites were realized for glucose in the range of 0.0-15.0 mM with the correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9937. The limit of detection method and limit of quantification were 24.5 μM and 81.7 μM, respectively. In the method comparison, this PB/Ti3C2Tx/GOx/Nafion/SPIL-GE exhibits a good correlation with the reference hexokinase method. This novel glucose sensing platform can potentially be used for the good practice to enhance the sensitivity and open the opportunity to develop paper-based electroanalytical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisanu Niamsi
- Graduate Program in Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nutcha Larpant
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pramod K. Kalambate
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Vitsarut Primpray
- Graphene Sensor Laboratory (GPL), Graphene and Printed Electronics for Dual-Use Applications Research Division (GPERD), National Security and Dual-Use Technology Center (NSD), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Chanpen Karuwan
- Graphene Sensor Laboratory (GPL), Graphene and Printed Electronics for Dual-Use Applications Research Division (GPERD), National Security and Dual-Use Technology Center (NSD), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Nadnudda Rodthongkum
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Responsive Wearable Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wanida Laiwattanapaisal
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Ning Q, Feng S, Cheng Y, Li T, Cui D, Wang K. Point-of-care biochemical assays using electrochemical technologies: approaches, applications, and opportunities. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:310. [PMID: 35918617 PMCID: PMC9345663 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05425-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Against the backdrop of hidden symptoms of diseases and limited medical resources of their investigation, in vitro diagnosis has become a popular mode of real-time healthcare monitoring. Electrochemical biosensors have considerable potential for use in wearable products since they can consistently monitor the physiological information of the patient. This review classifies and briefly compares commonly available electrochemical biosensors and the techniques of detection used. Following this, the authors focus on recent studies and applications of various types of sensors based on a variety of methods to detect common compounds and cancer biomarkers in humans. The primary gaps in research are discussed and strategies for improvement are proposed along the dimensions of hardware and software. The work here provides new guidelines for advanced research on and a wider scope of applications of electrochemical biosensors to in vitro diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihong Ning
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shaoqing Feng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuemeng Cheng
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tangan Li
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Daxiang Cui
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kan Wang
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Chen M, Zhao L, Wu D, Tu S, Chen C, Guo H, Xu Y. Highly sensitive sandwich-type immunosensor with enhanced electrocatalytic durian-shaped MoS2/AuPtPd nanoparticles for human growth differentiation factor-15 detection. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1223:340194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Koyappayil A, Chavan SG, Roh YG, Lee MH. Advances of MXenes; Perspectives on Biomedical Research. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070454. [PMID: 35884257 PMCID: PMC9313156 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The last decade witnessed the emergence of a new family of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides named MXenes, which quickly gained momentum due to their exceptional electrical, mechanical, optical, and tunable functionalities. These outstanding properties also rendered them attractive materials for biomedical and biosensing applications, including drug delivery systems, antimicrobial applications, tissue engineering, sensor probes, auxiliary agents for photothermal therapy and hyperthermia applications, etc. The hydrophilic nature of MXenes with rich surface functional groups is advantageous for biomedical applications over hydrophobic nanoparticles that may require complicated surface modifications. As an emerging 2D material with numerous phases and endless possible combinations with other 2D materials, 1D materials, nanoparticles, macromolecules, polymers, etc., MXenes opened a vast terra incognita for diverse biomedical applications. Recently, MXene research picked up the pace and resulted in a flood of literature reports with significant advancements in the biomedical field. In this context, this review will discuss the recent advancements, design principles, and working mechanisms of some interesting MXene-based biomedical applications. It also includes major progress, as well as key challenges of various types of MXenes and functional MXenes in conjugation with drug molecules, metallic nanoparticles, polymeric substrates, and other macromolecules. Finally, the future possibilities and challenges of this magnificent material are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh Koyappayil
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuseok-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (A.K.); (S.G.C.)
| | - Sachin Ganpat Chavan
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuseok-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (A.K.); (S.G.C.)
| | - Yun-Gil Roh
- Department of Convergence in Health and Biomedicine, Chungbuk University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuseok-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (A.K.); (S.G.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-820-5503; Fax: +82-2-814-2651
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Abstract
Electrochemical immunosensors are the largest class of affinity biosensing devices with strong practicability. In recent years, MXenes have become hotspot materials of electrochemical biosensors for their excellent properties, including large specific surface area, good electrical conductivity, high hydrophilicity and rich functional groups. In this review, we firstly introduce the composition and structure of MXenes, as well as their properties relevant to the construction of biosensors. Then, we summarize the recent advances of MXenes-based electrochemical immunosensors, focusing on the roles of MXenes in various electrochemical immunosensors. Finally, we analyze current problems of MXenes-based electrochemical immunosensors and propose an outlook for this research field.
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