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Liu WT, Li CQ, Fu AN, Yang HT, Xie YX, Yao H, Yi GH. Therapeutic implication of targeting mitochondrial drugs designed for efferocytosis dysfunction. J Drug Target 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39099434 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2386620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Efferocytosis refers to the process by which phagocytes remove apoptotic cells and related apoptotic products. It is essential for the growth and development of the body, the repair of damaged or inflamed tissues, and the balance of the immune system. Damaged efferocytosis will cause a variety of chronic inflammation and immune system diseases. Many studies show that efferocytosis is a process mediated by mitochondria. Mitochondrial metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, and communication between mitochondria and other organelles can all affect phagocytes' clearance of apoptotic cells. Therefore, targeting mitochondria to modulate phagocyte efferocytosis is an anticipated strategy to prevent and treat chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we introduced the mechanism of efferocytosis and the pivoted role of mitochondria in efferocytosis. In addition, we focused on the therapeutic implication of drugs targeting mitochondria in diseases related to efferocytosis dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ting Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Chao-Quan Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Ao-Ni Fu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Hao-Tian Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Yu-Xin Xie
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
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Gundam SR, Bansal A, Kethamreddy M, Ghatamaneni S, Lowe VJ, Murray ME, Pandey MK. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of novel PET probes for GSK-3 imaging. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15960. [PMID: 38987294 PMCID: PMC11237012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive imaging of GSK-3 expression in the brain will help to understand the role of GSK-3 in disease pathology and progression. Herein, we report the radiosynthesis and evaluation of two novel isonicotinamide based 18F labeled PET probes, [18F]2 and [18F]6 for noninvasive imaging of GSK3. Among the developed PET probes, the in vitro blood-brain permeability coefficient of 2 (38 ± 20 × 10-6 cm/s, n = 3) was found to be better than 6 (8.75 ± 3.90 × 10-6 cm/s, n = 5). The reference compounds 2 and 6 showed nanomolar affinity towards GSK-3α and GSK-3β. PET probe [18F]2 showed higher stability (100%) in mouse and human serums compared to [18F]6 (67.01 ± 4.93%, n = 3) in mouse serum and 66.20 ± 6.38%, n = 3) in human serum at 120 min post incubation. The in vivo imaging and blocking studies were performed in wild-type mice only with [18F]2 due to its observed stability. [18F]2 showed a SUV of 0.92 ± 0.28 (n = 6) in mice brain as early as 5 min post-injection followed by gradual clearance over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Reddy Gundam
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Aditya Bansal
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Manasa Kethamreddy
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Sujala Ghatamaneni
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Val J Lowe
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Melissa E Murray
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Mukesh K Pandey
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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3
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Gianferrara T, Cescon E, Grieco I, Spalluto G, Federico S. Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Involvement in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4631-4697. [PMID: 35170406 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220216113517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GSK-3β activity has been strictly related to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Alzheimer's disease is the most studied neurodegenerative disease, but GSK-3β seems to be involved in almost all neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia, Huntington's disease and the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to help researchers both working on this research topic or not to have a comprehensive overview on GSK-3β in the context of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. METHOD Literature has been searched using PubMed and SciFinder databases by inserting specific keywords. A total of more than 500 articles have been discussed. RESULTS First of all, the structure and regulation of the kinase were briefly discussed and then, specific GSK-3β implications in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases were illustrated also with the help of figures, to conclude with a comprehensive overview on the most important GSK-3β and multitarget inhibitors. For all discussed compounds, the structure and IC50 values at the target kinase have been reported. CONCLUSION GSK-3β is involved in several signaling pathways both in neurons as well as in glial cells and immune cells. The fine regulation and interconnection of all these pathways are at the base of the rationale use of GSK-3β inhibitors in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In fact, some compounds are now under clinical trials. Despite this, pharmacodynamic and ADME/Tox profiles of the compounds were often not fully characterized and this is deleterious in such a complex system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Gianferrara
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cescon
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilenia Grieco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giampiero Spalluto
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephanie Federico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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4
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Arciniegas Ruiz SM, Eldar-Finkelman H. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitors: Preclinical and Clinical Focus on CNS-A Decade Onward. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 14:792364. [PMID: 35126052 PMCID: PMC8813766 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.792364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein kinase, GSK-3, participates in diverse biological processes and is now recognized a promising drug discovery target in treating multiple pathological conditions. Over the last decade, a range of newly developed GSK-3 inhibitors of diverse chemotypes and inhibition modes has been developed. Even more conspicuous is the dramatic increase in the indications that were tested from mood and behavior disorders, autism and cognitive disabilities, to neurodegeneration, brain injury and pain. Indeed, clinical and pre-clinical studies were largely expanded uncovering new mechanisms and novel insights into the contribution of GSK-3 to neurodegeneration and central nerve system (CNS)-related disorders. In this review we summarize new developments in the field and describe the use of GSK-3 inhibitors in the variety of CNS disorders. This remarkable volume of information being generated undoubtedly reflects the great interest, as well as the intense hope, in developing potent and safe GSK-3 inhibitors in clinical practice.
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Giglio J, Fernandez S, Martinez A, Zeni M, Reyes L, Rey A, Cerecetto H. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Maleimide Inhibitors As Potential PET-Tracers for Imaging Alzheimer's Disease: 11C-Synthesis and In Vivo Proof of Concept. J Med Chem 2021; 65:1342-1351. [PMID: 34464131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present the evaluation of 11C-labeled-maleimides as radiotracers for positron emission tomography imaging of GSK-3 associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). 3-Acetyl-4-(1-[11C]-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)[1H]pyrrole-2,5-dione ([11C]-2) was obtained by direct methylation using [11C]-CH3I and Cs2CO3 in DMF with a 31 ± 4% radiochemical yield and a radiochemical purity of 97.7 ± 0.8%. [11C]-2 was stable both in its final formulation and in human plasma for 120 min and had a plasma protein binding of 70 ± 1% and a LogD7.4 value of 1.84 ± 0.04. [11C]-2 ex vivo biodistributions in healthy animals demonstrated significant brain uptake and retention, showing its ability to penetrate the intact blood-brain barrier. In vivo PET imaging in mice bearing AD showed, with respect to normal animals, significant differences in uptake in the hypothalamus, the striatum, and the amygdala and a significant increase in amygdala uptake in later stages of the pathology. These results are very promising, and further studies are being performed for a complete validation of this compound as novel tracer for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Giglio
- Centro Uruguayo de Imagenología Molecular (CUDIM), 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay.,Área de Radioquímica, Facultad de Quimíca, Universidad de la República, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Soledad Fernandez
- Centro Uruguayo de Imagenología Molecular (CUDIM), 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay.,Área de Radioquímica, Facultad de Quimíca, Universidad de la República, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maia Zeni
- Centro Uruguayo de Imagenología Molecular (CUDIM), 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay.,Graduate Program in Chemistry, Facultad de Quimíca, Universidad de la República, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Laura Reyes
- Centro Uruguayo de Imagenología Molecular (CUDIM), 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana Rey
- Área de Radioquímica, Facultad de Quimíca, Universidad de la República, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.,Área de Radiofarmacia, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Moghaddam FM, Jarahiyan A, Pourjavadi A. A Regioselective Approach to Synthesize Indolyl Diketone Derivatives via Magnetic Polymeric Copper-Catalyst. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Rodriguez-Jimenez FJ, Vilches A, Perez-Arago MA, Clemente E, Roman R, Leal J, Castro AA, Fustero S, Moreno-Manzano V, Jendelova P, Stojkovic M, Erceg S. Activation of Neurogenesis in Multipotent Stem Cells Cultured In Vitro and in the Spinal Cord Tissue After Severe Injury by Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:515-533. [PMID: 33000422 PMCID: PMC8116371 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00928-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) can induce neurogenesis, and the associated activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling via GSK-3 inhibition may represent a means to promote motor function recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI) via increased astrocyte migration, reduced astrocyte apoptosis, and enhanced axonal growth. Herein, we assessed the effects of GSK-3 inhibition in vitro on the neurogenesis of ependymal stem/progenitor cells (epSPCs) resident in the mouse spinal cord and of human embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitors (hESC-NPs) and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors (hiPSC-NPs) and in vivo on spinal cord tissue regeneration and motor activity after SCI. We report that the treatment of epSPCs and human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors (hPSC-NPs) with the GSK-3 inhibitor Ro3303544 activates β-catenin signaling and increases the expression of the bIII-tubulin neuronal marker; furthermore, the differentiation of Ro3303544-treated cells prompted an increase in the number of terminally differentiated neurons. Administration of a water-soluble, bioavailable form of this GSK-3 inhibitor (Ro3303544-Cl) in a severe SCI mouse model revealed the increased expression of bIII-tubulin in the injury epicenter. Treatment with Ro3303544-Cl increased survival of mature neuron types from the propriospinal tract (vGlut1, Parv) and raphe tract (5-HT), protein kinase C gamma-positive neurons, and GABAergic interneurons (GAD65/67) above the injury epicenter. Moreover, we observed higher numbers of newly born BrdU/DCX-positive neurons in Ro3303544-Cl-treated animal tissues, a reduced area delimited by astrocyte scar borders, and improved motor function. Based on this study, we believe that treating animals with epSPCs or hPSC-NPs in combination with Ro3303544-Cl deserves further investigation towards the development of a possible therapeutic strategy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angel Vilches
- Stem Cell Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Research Center "Principe Felipe", C/ Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Amparo Perez-Arago
- National Stem Cell Bank-Valencia Node, Biomolecular Resources Platform PRB3, ISCIII, Research Center "Principe Felipe", C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eleonora Clemente
- Stem Cell Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Research Center "Principe Felipe", C/ Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Roman
- Organic Molecules Lab, Research Center "Principe Felipe", C/ Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Juliette Leal
- Stem Cell Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Research Center "Principe Felipe", C/ Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Artero Castro
- Stem Cell Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Research Center "Principe Felipe", C/ Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, Valencia, Spain
| | - Santos Fustero
- Organic Molecules Lab, Research Center "Principe Felipe", C/ Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Victoria Moreno-Manzano
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Lab, Research Center "Principe Felipe", C/ Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pavla Jendelova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Neuroregeneration, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miodrag Stojkovic
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Slaven Erceg
- Stem Cell Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Research Center "Principe Felipe", C/ Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, Valencia, Spain.
- National Stem Cell Bank-Valencia Node, Biomolecular Resources Platform PRB3, ISCIII, Research Center "Principe Felipe", C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain.
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Neuroregeneration, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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9
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Zhong W, Darmani NA. Role of PI3K/Akt/GSK-3 Pathway in Emesis and Potential New Antiemetics. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR SIGNALING 2020; 1:155-159. [PMID: 33426544 PMCID: PMC7793561 DOI: 10.33696/signaling.1.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Zhong
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East Second Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - N A Darmani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East Second Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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10
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Zhong W, Darmani NA. The pivotal role of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) in vomiting evoked by specific emetogens in the least shrew (Cryptotis parva). Neurochem Int 2019; 132:104603. [PMID: 31738972 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a constitutively active multifunctional serine-threonine kinase which is involved in diverse physiological processes. GSK-3 has been implicated in a wide range of diseases including neurodegeneration, inflammation, diabetes and cancer. GSK-3 is a downstream target for protein kinase B (Akt) which phosphorylates GSK-3 and suppresses its activity. Based upon our preliminary findings, we postulated Akt's involvement in emesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the participation of GSK-3 and the antiemetic potential of two GSK-3 inhibitors (AR-A014418 and SB216763) in the least shrew model of vomiting against fully-effective emetic doses of diverse emetogens, including the nonselective and/or selective agonists of serotonin type 3 (e.g. 5-HT or 2-Methyl-5-HT)-, neurokinin type 1 receptor (e.g. GR73632), dopamine D2 (e.g. apomorphine or quinpirole)-, and muscarinic 1 (e.g. pilocarpine or McN-A-343) receptors, as well as the L-type Ca2+ channel agonist (FPL64176), the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin, and the chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin. We first determined if these emetogens could regulate the phosphorylation level of GSK-3 in the brainstem emetic loci of least shrews and then investigated whether AR-A014418 and SB216763 could protect against the evoked emesis. Phospho-GSK-3α/β Ser21/9 levels in the brainstem and the enteric nerves of jejunum in the small intestine were upregulated following intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of all the tested emetogens. Furthermore, administration of AR-A014418 (2.5-20 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently attenuated both the frequency and percentage of shrews vomiting in response to i.p. administration of 5-HT (5 mg/kg), 2-Methyl-5-HT (5 mg/kg), GR73632 (5 mg/kg), apomorphine (2 mg/kg), quinpirole (2 mg/kg), pilocarpine (2 mg/kg), McN-A-343 (2 mg/kg), FPL64176 (10 mg/kg), or thapsigargin (0.5 mg/kg). Relatively lower doses of SB216763 exerted antiemetic efficacy, but both inhibitors barely affected cisplatin (10 mg/kg)-induced vomiting. Collectively, these results support the notion that vomiting is accompanied by a downregulation of GSK-3 activity and pharmacological inhibition of GSK-3 protects against pharmacologically evoked vomiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhong
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - N A Darmani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
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Jia L, Miao C, Dong F, Li W, Wang M, Zheng QH, Xu Z. Facile synthesis of carbon-11-labeled sEH/PDE4 dual inhibitors as new potential PET agents for imaging of sEH/PDE4 enzymes in neuroinflammation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1654-1659. [PMID: 31047754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To develop PET tracers for imaging of neuroinflammation, new carbon-11-labeled sEH/PDE4 dual inhibitors have been synthesized. The reference standard N-(4-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)benzamide (1) and its corresponding desmethylated precursor N-(4-hydroxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)benzamide (2) were synthesized from (4-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methanamine and benzoic acid in one and two steps with 84% and 49% overall chemical yield, respectively. The standard N-(4-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-1-propionylpiperidine-4-carboxamide (MPPA, 4) and its precursor N-(4-hydroxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-1-propionylpiperidine-4-carboxamide (5) were synthesized from methyl 4-piperidinecarboxylate, propionyl chloride and (4-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methanamine in two and three steps with 62% and 34% overall chemical yield, respectively. The target tracers N-(4-[11C]methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)benzamide ([11C]1) and N-(4-[11C]methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-1-propionylpiperidine-4-carboxamide ([11C]MPPA, [11C]4) were prepared from their corresponding precursors 2 and 5 with [11C]CH3OTf through O-[11C]methylation and isolated by HPLC combined with SPE in 25-35% radiochemical yield, based on [11C]CO2 and decay corrected to end of bombardment (EOB). The radiochemical purity was >99%, and the molar activity (AM) at EOB was 370-740 GBq/μmol with a total synthesis time of 35-40-minutes from EOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Caihong Miao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Fugui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1345 West 16(th) Street, Room 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Qi-Huang Zheng
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1345 West 16(th) Street, Room 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Zhidong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China; College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Medicine of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China; Shijiazhuang Vince Pharmatech Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050030, China.
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12
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Miao C, Dong F, Jia L, Li W, Wang M, Zheng QH, Xu Z. Radiosynthesis of a carbon-11-labeled AMPAR allosteric modulator as a new PET radioligand candidate for imaging of Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1177-1181. [PMID: 30922660 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To develop PET tracers for imaging of Alzheimer's disease, a new carbon-11-labeled AMPAR allosteric modulator 4-cyclopropyl-7-(3-[11C]methoxyphenoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide ([11C]8) has been synthesized. The reference standard 4-cyclopropyl-7-(3-methoxyphenoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (8) and its corresponding desmethylated precursor 4-cyclopropyl-7-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (9) were synthesized from 4-methoxyabiline and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate in eight and nine steps with 3% and 1% overall chemical yield, respectively. The target tracer [11C]8 was prepared from the precursor 9 with [11C]CH3OTf through O-[11C]methylation and isolated by HPLC combined with SPE in 10-15% radiochemical yield, based on [11C]CO2 and decay corrected to end of bombardment (EOB). The radiochemical purity was >99%, and the molar activity (AM) at EOB was 370-740 GBq/μmol with a total synthesis time of 35-40-minutes from EOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Miao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Fugui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Limeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1345 West 16th Street, Room 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Qi-Huang Zheng
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1345 West 16th Street, Room 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Zhidong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China; College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Medicine of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China; Shijiazhuang Vince Pharmatech Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050030, China.
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13
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Synthesis of carbon-11-labeled 5-HT6R antagonists as new candidate PET radioligands for imaging of Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1836-1841. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Gao M, Wang M, Zheng QH. Synthesis of carbon-11-labeled CK1 inhibitors as new potential PET radiotracers for imaging of Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2234-2238. [PMID: 29859907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The reference standards methyl 3-((2,2-difluoro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]imidazol-6-yl)carbamoyl)benzoate (5a) and N-(2,2-difluoro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]imidazol-6-yl)-3-methoxybenzamide (5c), and their corresponding desmethylated precursors 3-((2,2-difluoro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]imidazol-6-yl)carbamoyl)benzoic acid (6a) and N-(2,2-difluoro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]imidazol-6-yl)-3-hydroxybenzamide (6b), were synthesized from 5-amino-2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole and 3-substituted benzoic acids in 5 and 6 steps with 33% and 11%, 30% and 7% overall chemical yield, respectively. Carbon-11-labeled casein kinase 1 (CK1) inhibitors, [11C]methyl 3-((2,2-difluoro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]imidazol-6-yl)carbamoyl)benzoate ([11C]5a) and N-(2,2-difluoro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]imidazol-6-yl)-3-[11C]methoxybenzamide ([11C]5c), were prepared from their O-desmethylated precursor 6a or 6b with [11C]CH3OTf through O-[11C]methylation and isolated by HPLC combined with SPE in 40-45% radiochemical yield, based on [11C]CO2 and decay corrected to end of bombardment (EOB). The radiochemical purity was >99%, and the molar activity (MA) at EOB was 370-740 GBq/μmol with a total synthesis time of ∼40-min from EOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhang Gao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1345 West 16th Street, Room 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1345 West 16th Street, Room 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Qi-Huang Zheng
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1345 West 16th Street, Room 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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15
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Synthesis, anticancer evaluation and molecular docking studies of bis(indolyl) triazinones, Nortopsentin analogs. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0372-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Narayanaswami V, Dahl K, Bernard-Gauthier V, Josephson L, Cumming P, Vasdev N. Emerging PET Radiotracers and Targets for Imaging of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Outlook Beyond TSPO. Mol Imaging 2018; 17:1536012118792317. [PMID: 30203712 PMCID: PMC6134492 DOI: 10.1177/1536012118792317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic and multicellular processes of neuroinflammation are mediated by the nonneuronal cells of the central nervous system, which include astrocytes and the brain's resident macrophages, microglia. Although initiation of an inflammatory response may be beneficial in response to injury of the nervous system, chronic or maladaptive neuroinflammation can have harmful outcomes in many neurological diseases. An acute neuroinflammatory response is protective when activated neuroglia facilitate tissue repair by releasing anti-inflammatory cytokines and neurotrophic factors. On the other hand, chronic neuroglial activation is a major pathological mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases, likely contributing to neuronal dysfunction, injury, and disease progression. Therefore, the development of specific and sensitive probes for positron emission tomography (PET) studies of neuroinflammation is attracting immense scientific and clinical interest. An early phase of this research emphasized PET studies of the prototypical imaging biomarker of glial activation, translocator protein-18 kDa (TSPO), which presents difficulties for quantitation and lacks absolute cellular specificity. Many alternate molecular targets present themselves for PET imaging of neuroinflammation in vivo, including enzymes, intracellular signaling molecules as well as ionotropic, G-protein coupled, and immunoglobulin receptors. We now review the lead structures in radiotracer development for PET studies of neuroinflammation targets for neurodegenerative diseases extending beyond TSPO, including glycogen synthase kinase 3, monoamine oxidase-B, reactive oxygen species, imidazoline-2 binding sites, cyclooxygenase, the phospholipase A2/arachidonic acid pathway, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1, cannabinoid-2 receptor, the chemokine receptor CX3CR1, purinergic receptors: P2X7 and P2Y12, the receptor for advanced glycation end products, Mer tyrosine kinase, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1. We provide a brief overview of the cellular expression and function of these targets, noting their selectivity for astrocytes and/or microglia, and highlight the classes of PET radiotracers that have been investigated in early-stage preclinical or clinical research studies of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Narayanaswami
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health & Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth Dahl
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health & Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vadim Bernard-Gauthier
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul Cumming
- School of Psychology and Counselling and IHBI, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health & Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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17
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Prabhakaran J, Zanderigo F, Solingapuram Sai KK, Rubin-Falcone H, Jorgensen MJ, Kaplan JR, Mintz A, Mann JJ, Dileep Kumar JS. Radiosynthesis and in Vivo Evaluation of [ 11C]A1070722, a High Affinity GSK-3 PET Tracer in Primate Brain. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1697-1703. [PMID: 28485573 PMCID: PMC5559324 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is implicated in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, pain, and cancer. A radiotracer for functional positron emission tomography (PET) imaging could be used to study the kinase in brain disorders and to facilitate the development of small molecule inhibitors of GSK-3 for treatment. At present, there is no target-specific or validated PET tracer available for the in vivo monitoring of GSK-3. We radiolabeled the small molecule inhibitor [11C]1-(7-methoxy- quinolin-4-yl)-3-(6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)urea ([11C]A1070722) with high affinity to GSK-3 (Ki = 0.6 nM) in excellent radiochemical yield. PET imaging experiments in anesthetized vervet/African green monkey exhibited that [11C]A1070722 penetrated the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and accumulated in brain regions, with highest radioactivity binding in frontal cortex followed by parietal cortex and anterior cingulate, and with the lowest bindings found in caudate, putamen, and thalamus, similarly to the known distribution of GSK-3 in human brain. Our studies suggest that [11C]A1070722 can be a potential PET radiotracer for the in vivo quantification of GSK-3 in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Prabhakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Francesca Zanderigo
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Kiran Kumar Solingapuram Sai
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - Harry Rubin-Falcone
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Matthew J. Jorgensen
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - Jay R. Kaplan
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - J. John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - J. S. Dileep Kumar
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
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18
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Hu K, Patnaik D, Collier TL, Lee KN, Gao H, Swoyer MR, Rotstein BH, Krishnan HS, Liang SH, Wang J, Yan Z, Hooker JM, Vasdev N, Haggarty SJ, Ngai MY. Development of [ 18F]Maleimide-Based Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Ligands for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:287-292. [PMID: 28337318 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Thus, development of GSK-3β radiotracers for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is of paramount importance, because such a noninvasive imaging technique would allow better understanding of the link between the activity of GSK-3β and central nervous system disorders in living organisms, and it would enable early detection of the enzyme's aberrant activity. Herein, we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of fluorine-substituted maleimide derivatives that are high-affinity GSK-3β inhibitors. Radiosynthesis of a potential GSK-3β tracer [18F]10a is achieved. Preliminary in vivo PET imaging studies in rodents show moderate brain uptake, although no saturable binding was observed in the brain. Further refinement of the lead scaffold to develop potent [18F]-labeled GSK-3 radiotracers for PET imaging of the central nervous system is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongzhen Hu
- Department
of Chemistry, and Institute of
Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Debasis Patnaik
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Thomas Lee Collier
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Katarzyna N. Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, and Institute of
Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Han Gao
- Department
of Chemistry, and Institute of
Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Matthew R. Swoyer
- Department
of Chemistry, and Institute of
Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Benjamin H. Rotstein
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Hema S. Krishnan
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Jin Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, and Institute of
Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China
| | - Jacob M. Hooker
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Stephen J. Haggarty
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Ming-Yu Ngai
- Department
of Chemistry, and Institute of
Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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19
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Gao M, Wang M, Zheng QH. Synthesis of carbon-11-labeled isonicotinamides as new potential PET agents for imaging of GSK-3 enzyme in Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:740-743. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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20
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Kim A, Kim MJ, Noh TH, Hong J, Liu Y, Wei X, Jung JH. Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of hamacanthin B analogues. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5013-5017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Liang SH, Chen JM, Normandin MD, Chang JS, Chang GC, Taylor CK, Trapa P, Plummer MS, Para KS, Conn EL, Lopresti‐Morrow L, Lanyon LF, Cook JM, Richter KEG, Nolan CE, Schachter JB, Janat F, Che Y, Shanmugasundaram V, Lefker BA, Enerson BE, Livni E, Wang L, Guehl NJ, Patnaik D, Wagner FF, Perlis R, Holson EB, Haggarty SJ, El Fakhri G, Kurumbail RG, Vasdev N. Discovery of a Highly Selective Glycogen Synthase Kinase‐3 Inhibitor (PF‐04802367) That Modulates Tau Phosphorylation in the Brain: Translation for PET Neuroimaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven H. Liang
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Jinshan Michael Chen
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Marc D. Normandin
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Jeanne S. Chang
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - George C. Chang
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Christine K. Taylor
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Patrick Trapa
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development 610 Main Street Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Mark S. Plummer
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Kimberly S. Para
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Edward L. Conn
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Lori Lopresti‐Morrow
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Lorraine F. Lanyon
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - James M. Cook
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Karl E. G. Richter
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Charlie E. Nolan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Joel B. Schachter
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Fouad Janat
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Ye Che
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | | | - Bruce A. Lefker
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development 610 Main Street Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Bradley E. Enerson
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Elijahu Livni
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Nicolas J. Guehl
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Debasis Patnaik
- Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 185 Cambridge Street Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Florence F. Wagner
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute 415 Main Street Cambridge MA o2142 USA
| | - Roy Perlis
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute 415 Main Street Cambridge MA o2142 USA
- Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 185 Cambridge Street Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Edward B. Holson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute 415 Main Street Cambridge MA o2142 USA
| | - Stephen J. Haggarty
- Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 185 Cambridge Street Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Georges El Fakhri
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Ravi G. Kurumbail
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
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22
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Liang SH, Chen JM, Normandin MD, Chang JS, Chang GC, Taylor CK, Trapa P, Plummer MS, Para KS, Conn EL, Lopresti-Morrow L, Lanyon LF, Cook JM, Richter KEG, Nolan CE, Schachter JB, Janat F, Che Y, Shanmugasundaram V, Lefker BA, Enerson BE, Livni E, Wang L, Guehl NJ, Patnaik D, Wagner FF, Perlis R, Holson EB, Haggarty SJ, El Fakhri G, Kurumbail RG, Vasdev N. Discovery of a Highly Selective Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitor (PF-04802367) That Modulates Tau Phosphorylation in the Brain: Translation for PET Neuroimaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9601-5. [PMID: 27355874 PMCID: PMC4983481 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) regulates multiple cellular processes in diabetes, oncology, and neurology. N-(3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl)-5-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)oxazole-4-carboxamide (PF-04802367 or PF-367) has been identified as a highly potent inhibitor, which is among the most selective antagonists of GSK-3 to date. Its efficacy was demonstrated in modulation of tau phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo. Whereas the kinetics of PF-367 binding in brain tissues are too fast for an effective therapeutic agent, the pharmacokinetic profile of PF-367 is ideal for discovery of radiopharmaceuticals for GSK-3 in the central nervous system. A (11) C-isotopologue of PF-367 was synthesized and preliminary PET imaging studies in non-human primates confirmed that we have overcome the two major obstacles for imaging GSK-3, namely, reasonable brain permeability and displaceable binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven H Liang
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jinshan Michael Chen
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Marc D Normandin
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jeanne S Chang
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - George C Chang
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Christine K Taylor
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Patrick Trapa
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Mark S Plummer
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Kimberly S Para
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Edward L Conn
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Lori Lopresti-Morrow
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Lorraine F Lanyon
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - James M Cook
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Karl E G Richter
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Charlie E Nolan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Joel B Schachter
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Fouad Janat
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Ye Che
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Veerabahu Shanmugasundaram
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Bruce A Lefker
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Bradley E Enerson
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Elijahu Livni
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Nicolas J Guehl
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Debasis Patnaik
- Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Florence F Wagner
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, o2142, USA
| | - Roy Perlis
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, o2142, USA
- Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Edward B Holson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, o2142, USA
| | - Stephen J Haggarty
- Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Georges El Fakhri
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ravi G Kurumbail
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA.
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging & Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Ono M, Kitada A, Watanabe H, Miyazaki A, Kimura H, Saji H. Synthesis and preliminary characterization of radioiodinated benzofuran-3-yl-(indol-3-yl)maleimide derivatives as potential SPECT imaging probes for the detection of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in the brain. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 59:317-21. [PMID: 27126914 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis and preliminary characterization of two radioiodinated benzofuran-3-yl-(indol-3-yl)maleimides, 3-(benzofuran-3-yl)-4-(5-[(125) I]iodo-1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione ([(125) I]5), and 3-(5-[(125) I]iodo-1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-(6-methoxybenzofuran-3-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione ([(125) I]6), as the first potential SPECT imaging probes targeting glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). In this study, we used (125) I as a surrogate of (123) I because of its ease of use. The radioiodinated ligands were prepared from the corresponding tributyltin precursors through an iododestannylation reaction using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant with a radiochemical yield of 10-30%. In vitro binding experiments suggested that both compounds show high affinity for GSK-3β at a level similar to a known GSK-3β inhibitor. Biodistribution studies with normal mice revealed that the radioiodinated compounds display sufficient uptake into (1.8%ID/g at 10 min postinjection) and clearance from the brain (1.0%ID/g at 60 min postinjection). These preliminary results suggest that the further optimization of radioiodinated benzofuran-3-yl-(indol-3-yl)maleimide derivatives may facilitate the development of clinically useful SPECT imaging probes for the in vivo detection of GSK-3β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ayane Kitada
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Anna Miyazaki
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hideo Saji
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Sharma DK, Rajput VS, Singh S, Sharma R, Khan IA, Mukherjee D. Ligand Free Palladium Catalyzed Synthesis of 3-Aryl/heteroaryl-4-Indolylmaleimide and its Antimicrobial Activity. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak K. Sharma
- Natural Product Chemistry-Microbes; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road jammu- 180001 India, , IIIM/1927/2016
| | - Vikrant S. Rajput
- Clinical Microbiology; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road jammu- 180001 India
| | - Samsher Singh
- Clinical Microbiology; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road jammu- 180001 India
| | - Rashmi Sharma
- Clinical Microbiology; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road jammu- 180001 India
| | - Inshad A. Khan
- Clinical Microbiology; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road jammu- 180001 India
| | - Debaraj Mukherjee
- Natural Product Chemistry-Microbes; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road jammu- 180001 India, , IIIM/1927/2016
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25
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Pandey MK, DeGrado TR. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3)-Targeted Therapy and Imaging. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:571-93. [PMID: 26941849 PMCID: PMC4775866 DOI: 10.7150/thno.14334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is associated with various key biological processes, including glucose regulation, apoptosis, protein synthesis, cell signaling, cellular transport, gene transcription, proliferation, and intracellular communication. Accordingly, GSK-3 has been implicated in a wide variety of diseases and specifically targeted for both therapeutic and imaging applications by a large number of academic laboratories and pharmaceutical companies. Here, we review the structure, function, expression levels, and ligand-binding properties of GSK-3 and its connection to various diseases. A selected list of highly potent GSK-3 inhibitors, with IC50 <20 nM for adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive inhibitors and IC50 <5 μM for non-ATP-competitive inhibitors, were analyzed for structure activity relationships. Furthermore, ubiquitous expression of GSK-3 and its possible impact on therapy and imaging are also highlighted. Finally, a rational perspective and possible route to selective and effective GSK-3 inhibitors is discussed.
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26
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Recent Advances in the Development and Application of Radiolabeled Kinase Inhibitors for PET Imaging. Molecules 2015; 20:22000-27. [PMID: 26690113 PMCID: PMC6332294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last 20 years, intensive investigation and multiple clinical successes targeting protein kinases, mostly for cancer treatment, have identified small molecule kinase inhibitors as a prominent therapeutic class. In the course of those investigations, radiolabeled kinase inhibitors for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging have been synthesized and evaluated as diagnostic imaging probes for cancer characterization. Given that inhibitor coverage of the kinome is continuously expanding, in vivo PET imaging will likely find increasing applications for therapy monitoring and receptor density studies both in- and outside of oncological conditions. Early investigated radiolabeled inhibitors, which are mostly based on clinically approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) isotopologues, have now entered clinical trials. Novel radioligands for cancer and PET neuroimaging originating from novel but relevant target kinases are currently being explored in preclinical studies. This article reviews the literature involving radiotracer design, radiochemistry approaches, biological tracer evaluation and nuclear imaging results of radiolabeled kinase inhibitors for PET reported between 2010 and mid-2015. Aspects regarding the usefulness of pursuing selective vs. promiscuous inhibitor scaffolds and the inherent challenges associated with intracellular enzyme imaging will be discussed.
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27
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Synthesis of [11C]CX-6258 as a new PET tracer for imaging of Pim kinases in cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:3831-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kumata K, Yui J, Xie L, Zhang Y, Nengaki N, Fujinaga M, Yamasaki T, Shimoda Y, Zhang MR. Radiosynthesis and preliminary PET evaluation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) inhibitors containing [(11)C]methylsulfanyl, [(11)C]methylsulfinyl or [(11)C]methylsulfonyl groups. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:3230-3. [PMID: 26067173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Three compounds 1-3 containing methyl-sufanyl, sufinyl, or sulfonyl groups are strong inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), an enzyme associated with Alzheimer's disease. We labeled 1-3 with (11)C for a positron emission tomography (PET) brain imaging study. A novel thiophenol precursor 4 for radiosynthesis was prepared by reacting sulfoxide 2 with trifluoroacetic anhydride. [(11)C]1 was synthesized by reacting 4 with [(11)C]methyl iodide in 52 ± 5% radiochemical yield (n = 5, based on [(11)C]CO2, corrected for decay). Oxidation of [(11)C]1 with Oxone® produced [(11)C]2 and [(11)C]3, respectively. PET with [(11)C]1 and [(11)C]3 showed 2 fold higher brain uptake of radioactivity in a mouse model of cold water stress in which GSK-3β expression was increased, than in the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsushi Kumata
- Molecular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Joji Yui
- Molecular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Molecular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Molecular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Molecular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, 5-9-11 Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-8686, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Molecular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Molecular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yoko Shimoda
- Molecular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Molecular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
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Li L, Shao X, Cole EL, Ohnmacht S, Ferrari V, Hong YT, Williamson DJ, Fryer TD, Quesada CA, Sherman P, Riss PJ, Scott PJH, Aigbirhio FI. Synthesis and Initial in Vivo Studies with [(11)C]SB-216763: The First Radiolabeled Brain Penetrative Inhibitor of GSK-3. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:548-52. [PMID: 26005531 PMCID: PMC4434473 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) activity in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is of interest because dysregulation of GSK-3 is implicated in numerous diseases and neurological disorders for which GSK-3 inhibitors are being considered as therapeutic strategies. Previous PET radiotracers for GSK-3 have been reported, but none of the published examples cross the blood-brain barrier. Therefore, we have an ongoing interest in developing a brain penetrating radiotracer for GSK-3. To this end, we were interested in synthesis and preclinical evaluation of [(11)C]SB-216763, a high-affinity inhibitor of GSK-3 (K i = 9 nM; IC50 = 34 nM). Initial radiosyntheses of [(11)C]SB-216763 proved ineffective in our hands because of competing [3 + 3] sigmatropic shifts. Therefore, we have developed a novel one-pot two-step synthesis of [(11)C]SB-216763 from a 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl-protected maleimide precursor, which provided high specific activity [(11)C]SB-216763 in 1% noncorrected radiochemical yield (based upon [(11)C]CH3I) and 97-100% radiochemical purity (n = 7). Initial preclinical evaluation in rodent and nonhuman primate PET imaging studies revealed high initial brain uptake (peak rodent SUV = 2.5 @ 3 min postinjection; peak nonhuman primate SUV = 1.9 @ 5 min postinjection) followed by washout. Brain uptake was highest in thalamus, striatum, cortex, and cerebellum, areas known to be rich in GSK-3. These results make the arylindolemaleimide skeleton our lead scaffold for developing a PET radiotracer for quantification of GSK-3 density in vivo and ultimately translating it into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Molecular
Imaging Chemistry Laboratory, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, U.K.
| | - Xia Shao
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Erin L. Cole
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Stephan
A. Ohnmacht
- Molecular
Imaging Chemistry Laboratory, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, U.K.
| | - Valentina Ferrari
- Molecular
Imaging Chemistry Laboratory, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, U.K.
| | - Young T. Hong
- Laboratory
for Molecular Imaging, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, U.K.
| | - David J. Williamson
- Laboratory
for Molecular Imaging, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, U.K.
| | - Tim D. Fryer
- Laboratory
for Molecular Imaging, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, U.K.
| | - Carole A. Quesada
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Phillip Sherman
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Patrick J. Riss
- Molecular
Imaging Chemistry Laboratory, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, U.K.
| | - Peter J. H. Scott
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- The
Interdepartmental Program in Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Franklin I. Aigbirhio
- Molecular
Imaging Chemistry Laboratory, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, U.K.
- Laboratory
for Molecular Imaging, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, U.K.
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Eftekhari-Sis B, Zirak M. Chemistry of α-oxoesters: a powerful tool for the synthesis of heterocycles. Chem Rev 2014; 115:151-264. [PMID: 25423283 DOI: 10.1021/cr5004216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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31
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Cole EL, Shao X, Sherman P, Quesada C, Fawaz MV, Desmond TJ, Scott PJH. Synthesis and evaluation of [(11)C]PyrATP-1, a novel radiotracer for PET imaging of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). Nucl Med Biol 2014; 41:507-12. [PMID: 24768148 PMCID: PMC4034144 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The dysfunction of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) has been implicated in a number of diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. The ability to non-invasively quantify GSK-3β activity in vivo is therefore of critical importance, and this work is focused upon development of inhibitors of GSK-3β radiolabeled with carbon-11 to examine quantification of the enzyme using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. METHODS (11)C PyrATP-1 was prepared from the corresponding desmethyl-piperazine precursor in an automated synthesis module. In vivo rodent and primate imaging studies were conducted on a Concorde MicroPET P4 scanner to evaluate imaging properties and in vitro autoradiography studies with rat brain samples were carried out to examine specific binding. RESULTS 2035±518MBq (55±14mCi) of [(11)C]PyrATP-1 was obtained (1%-2% non-corrected radiochemical yield at end-of-synthesis based upon [(11)C]CO2) with high chemical (>95%) and radiochemical (>99%) purities, and good specific activities (143±52GBq/μmol (3874±1424Ci/mmol)), n=5. In vivo microPET imaging studies revealed poor brain uptake in rodents and non-human primates. Pretreatment of rodents with cyclosporin A resulted in moderately increased brain uptake suggesting Pgp transporter involvement. Autoradiography demonstrated high levels of specific binding in areas of the rodent brain known to be rich in GSK-3β. CONCLUSION (11)C PyrATP-1 is readily synthesized using standard carbon-11 radiochemistry. However the poor brain uptake in rodents and non-human primates indicates that the radiotracer is not suitable for the purposes of quantifying GSK-3β in neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Cole
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xia Shao
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Phillip Sherman
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carole Quesada
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maria V Fawaz
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Timothy J Desmond
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter J H Scott
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; The Interdepartmental Program in Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Synthesis of (Z)-2-((1H-indazol-3-yl)methylene)-6-[11C]methoxy-7-(piperazin-1-ylmethyl)benzofuran-3(2H)-one as a new potential PET probe for imaging of the enzyme PIM1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4342-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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33
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Hicks JW, Wilson AA, Rubie EA, Woodgett JR, Houle S, Vasdev N. Towards the preparation of radiolabeled 1-aryl-3-benzyl ureas: Radiosynthesis of [11C-carbonyl] AR-A014418 by [11C]CO2 fixation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2099-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 12/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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[11C]Enzastaurin, the first design and radiosynthesis of a new potential PET agent for imaging of protein kinase C. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:1649-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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