1
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Hillebrand L, Liang XJ, Serafim RAM, Gehringer M. Emerging and Re-emerging Warheads for Targeted Covalent Inhibitors: An Update. J Med Chem 2024; 67:7668-7758. [PMID: 38711345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Covalent inhibitors and other types of covalent modalities have seen a revival in the past two decades, with a variety of new targeted covalent drugs having been approved in recent years. A key feature of such molecules is an intrinsically reactive group, typically a weak electrophile, which enables the irreversible or reversible formation of a covalent bond with a specific amino acid of the target protein. This reactive group, often called the "warhead", is a critical determinant of the ligand's activity, selectivity, and general biological properties. In 2019, we summarized emerging and re-emerging warhead chemistries to target cysteine and other amino acids (Gehringer, M.; Laufer, S. A. J. Med. Chem. 2019, 62, 5673-5724; DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01153). Since then, the field has rapidly evolved. Here we discuss the progress on covalent warheads made since our last Perspective and their application in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hillebrand
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xiaojun Julia Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ricardo A M Serafim
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehringer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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2
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Tang Y. Analysis of the binding pattern of NIK inhibitors by computational simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3318-3331. [PMID: 37183664 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2212782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase (NIK) is a key kinase in the activation of the NF-κB non-classical signalling pathway, which has been shown to be over-activated in patients with inflammatory diseases, immune disorders and malignancies and solid tumours inducing activation of the NF-κB non-classical signalling pathway. The design of ATP-competitive small molecule inhibitors against NIK has been a hot topic in the last decade, and many efficient NIK inhibitors have been identified. In this work, I aim to unravel the mechanism of NIK inhibition by different representative NIK type I 1/2 kinase inhibitors, using ADME, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, MM-PBSA analysis and 3D-QSAR analysis. This work contributes to the understanding of the efficiency of NIK inhibitor binding by revealing the basis of the efficiency of NIK inhibitors, the difference in binding modes between different inhibitors and the overall effect on NIK.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingkai Tang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
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3
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González-Álvarez H, Ensan D, Xin T, Wong JF, Zepeda-Velázquez CA, Cros J, Sweeney MN, Hoffer L, Kiyota T, Wilson BJ, Aman A, Roberts O, Isaac MB, Bullock AN, Smil D, Al-awar R. Discovery of Conformationally Constrained ALK2 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2024; 67:4707-4725. [PMID: 38498998 PMCID: PMC10983009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite decades of research on new diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) treatments, little or no progress has been made on improving patient outcomes. In this work, we explored novel scaffold modifications of M4K2009, a 3,5-diphenylpyridine ALK2 inhibitor previously reported by our group. Here we disclose the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a first-in-class set of 5- to 7-membered ether-linked and 7-membered amine-linked constrained inhibitors of ALK2. This rigidification strategy led us to the discovery of the ether-linked inhibitors M4K2308 and M4K2281 and the amine-linked inhibitors M4K2304 and M4K2306, each with superior potency against ALK2. Notably, M4K2304 and M4K2306 exhibit exceptional selectivity for ALK2 over ALK5, surpassing the reference compound. Preliminary studies on their in vivo pharmacokinetics, including blood-brain barrier penetration, revealed that these constrained scaffolds have favorable exposure and do open a novel chemical space for further optimization and future evaluation in orthotopic models of DIPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor González-Álvarez
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University
of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 4207, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Deeba Ensan
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University
of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 4207, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Tao Xin
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Jong Fu Wong
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K.
| | - Carlos A. Zepeda-Velázquez
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Julien Cros
- Centre
for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.
| | - Melissa N. Sweeney
- Centre
for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.
| | - Laurent Hoffer
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Taira Kiyota
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Brian J. Wilson
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Aman
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
- Leslie
Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Owen Roberts
- M4K Pharma, 101 College Street, MaRS Centre,
South Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Methvin B. Isaac
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Alex N. Bullock
- Centre
for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.
| | - David Smil
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Rima Al-awar
- Drug
Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for
Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University
of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 4207, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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4
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Bashore FM, Marquez AB, Chaikuad A, Howell S, Dunn AS, Beltran AA, Smith JL, Drewry DH, Beltran AS, Axtman AD. Modulation of tau tubulin kinases (TTBK1 and TTBK2) impacts ciliogenesis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6118. [PMID: 37059819 PMCID: PMC10104807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32854-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau tubulin kinase 1 and 2 (TTBK1/2) are highly homologous kinases that are expressed and mediate disease-relevant pathways predominantly in the brain. Distinct roles for TTBK1 and TTBK2 have been delineated. While efforts have been devoted to characterizing the impact of TTBK1 inhibition in diseases like Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, TTBK2 inhibition has been less explored. TTBK2 serves a critical function during cilia assembly. Given the biological importance of these kinases, we designed a targeted library from which we identified several chemical tools that engage TTBK1 and TTBK2 in cells and inhibit their downstream signaling. Indolyl pyrimidinamine 10 significantly reduced the expression of primary cilia on the surface of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Furthermore, analog 10 phenocopies TTBK2 knockout in iPSCs, confirming a role for TTBK2 in ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M Bashore
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ariana B Marquez
- Human Pluripotent Cell Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Apirat Chaikuad
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strabe 15, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Howell
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Andrea S Dunn
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Alvaro A Beltran
- Human Pluripotent Cell Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jeffery L Smith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - David H Drewry
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Adriana S Beltran
- Human Pluripotent Cell Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Alison D Axtman
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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5
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Paul SR, Saha P, Rahman FI, Dhar S, Abdur Rahman SM. Preferential Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Mono‐ and Di‐substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Ranjan Paul
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Poushali Saha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Fahad Imtiaz Rahman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Saran Dhar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
| | - S. M. Abdur Rahman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
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6
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Baier A, Szyszka R. CK2 and protein kinases of the CK1 superfamily as targets for neurodegenerative disorders. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:916063. [PMID: 36275622 PMCID: PMC9582958 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.916063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinases are involved in a variety of signaling pathways, and also in inflammation, cancer, and neurological diseases. Therefore, they are regarded as potential therapeutic targets for drug design. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the casein kinase 1 superfamily as well as protein kinase CK2 in the development of several neurodegenerative pathologies, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. CK1 kinases and their closely related tau tubulin kinases as well as CK2 are found to be overexpressed in the mammalian brain. Numerous substrates have been detected which play crucial roles in neuronal and synaptic network functions and activities. The development of new substances for the treatment of these pathologies is in high demand. The impact of these kinases in the progress of neurodegenerative disorders, their bona fide substrates, and numerous natural and synthetic compounds which are able to inhibit CK1, TTBK, and CK2 are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Baier
- *Correspondence: Andrea Baier, ; Ryszard Szyszka,
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7
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Gupta S, Paul M, Sahu SK. Zymography assisted quick purification, characterization and inhibition analysis of K. pneumoniae alkaline phosphatase by mercury and thiohydroxyal compounds. Protein Expr Purif 2022; 201:106185. [PMID: 36195295 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
Abstract
In-gel hydrolysis of para-nitrophenyl phosphate (p-NPP) to yellow colored para-nitrophenol was used to locate precisely the K. pneumoniae alkaline phosphatase (Kp-ALKP) on 7% native PAGE. Subsequent removal of the yellow-stained band and electroelution yielded a 54 kDa, Kp-ALKP with Km, Vmax and kcat values of (0.7 ± 0.02) mM, (80 ± 4.5) μmol min-1 and (39.2 ± 2.2) × 104 s-1 respectively for p-NPP. Kp-ALKP was optimally active at 70 °C and pH 7.2 that was activated by Mg2+, Ca2+, Co2+ and inhibited by EDTA, PO4, Pb2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+. The enzyme was trypsin resistant and retained 75% activity in presence of 10 mM PO4 and 65% activity at 3 mM Hg2+ showing it's PO43- irrepressibility and Hg2+-tolerance. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed increased structural stability of Kp-ALKP at 70 °C that accounts for it's optimal temperature. Zymography revealed that both DTT and β-mercaptoethanol induced activity loss accompanied by mobility retardation of Kp-ALKP on 7% native PAGE. These results and in Silico analysis shows that both DTT and βME reduce the C308-C358 disulfide bond, leading to an open conformation of the enzyme. However, Hg2+ had negligible effect on the in-gel mobility of Kp-ALKP indicating it's plausible non-covalent interaction with surface-accessible amino-acids without significant conformational change. For the first time our study reveals the zymography as an easy, inexpensive and convenient tool for quick purification, characterization and conformational analysis of K. pneumoniae alkaline phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangam Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Odisha, 757003, India
| | - Manish Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Odisha, 757003, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Sahu
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Odisha, 757003, India.
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8
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Drewry DH, Potjewyd FM, Bayati A, Smith JL, Dickmander RJ, Howell S, Taft-Benz S, Min SM, Hossain MA, Heise M, McPherson PS, Moorman NJ, Axtman AD. Identification and Utilization of a Chemical Probe to Interrogate the Roles of PIKfyve in the Lifecycle of β-Coronaviruses. J Med Chem 2022; 65:12860-12882. [PMID: 36111834 PMCID: PMC9574855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
From a designed library of indolyl pyrimidinamines, we
identified
a highly potent and cell-active chemical probe (17) that
inhibits phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase (PIKfyve). Comprehensive
evaluation of inhibitor selectivity confirmed that this PIKfyve probe
demonstrates excellent kinome-wide selectivity. A structurally related
indolyl pyrimidinamine (30) was characterized as a negative
control that lacks PIKfyve inhibitory activity and exhibits exquisite
selectivity when profiled broadly. Chemical probe 17 disrupts
multiple phases of the lifecycle of β-coronaviruses: viral replication
and viral entry. The diverse antiviral roles of PIKfyve have not been
previously probed comprehensively in a single study or using the same
compound set. Our scaffold is a distinct chemotype that lacks the
canonical morpholine hinge-binder of classical lipid kinase inhibitors
and has a non-overlapping kinase off-target profile with known PIKfyve
inhibitors. Our chemical probe set can be used by the community to
further characterize the role of PIKfyve in virology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H. Drewry
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Frances M. Potjewyd
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Armin Bayati
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jeffery L. Smith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Rebekah J. Dickmander
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Stefanie Howell
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Sharon Taft-Benz
- Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Sophia M. Min
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Mohammad Anwar Hossain
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Mark Heise
- Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Peter S. McPherson
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Nathaniel J. Moorman
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Alison D. Axtman
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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9
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Haselager MV, Eldering E. The Therapeutic Potential of Targeting NIK in B Cell Malignancies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:930986. [PMID: 35911754 PMCID: PMC9326486 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.930986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) is a key player in non-canonical NF-κB signaling, involved in several fundamental cellular processes, and is crucial for B cell function and development. In response to certain signals and ligands, such as CD40, BAFF and lymphotoxin-β activation, NIK protein stabilization and subsequent NF-κB activation is achieved. Overexpression or overactivation of NIK is associated with several malignancies, including activating mutations in multiple myeloma (MM) and gain-of-function in MALT lymphoma as a result of post-translational modifications. Consequently, drug discovery studies are devoted to pharmacologic modulation of NIK and development of specific novel small molecule inhibitors. However, disease-specific in vitro and in vivo studies investigating NIK inhibition are as of yet lacking, and clinical trials with NIK inhibitors remain to be initiated. In order to bridge the gap between bench and bedside, this review first briefly summarizes our current knowledge on NIK activation, functional activity and stability. Secondly, we compare current inhibitors targeting NIK based on efficacy and specificity, and provide a future perspective on the therapeutic potential of NIK inhibition in B cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco V. Haselager
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eric Eldering
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Eric Eldering,
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10
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Novel Ti/Al(OH)3 and Fe/Al(OH)3 Nano Catalyzed 4-Acetamidophenyl 3-((Z)-but-2-enoyl)phenylcarbamate Synthesis and its Molecular Docking, Quantum Chemical Studies. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02245-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Serafim RAM, Elkins JM, Zuercher WJ, Laufer SA, Gehringer M. Chemical Probes for Understudied Kinases: Challenges and Opportunities. J Med Chem 2021; 65:1132-1170. [PMID: 34477374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over 20 years after the approval of the first-in-class protein kinase inhibitor imatinib, the biological function of a significant fraction of the human kinome remains poorly understood while most research continues to be focused on few well-validated targets. Given the strong genetic evidence for involvement of many kinases in health and disease, the understudied fraction of the kinome holds a large and unexplored potential for future therapies. Specific chemical probes are indispensable tools to interrogate biology enabling proper preclinical validation of novel kinase targets. In this Perspective, we highlight recent case studies illustrating the development of high-quality chemical probes for less-studied kinases and their application in target validation. We spotlight emerging techniques and approaches employed in the generation of chemical probes for protein kinases and beyond and discuss the associated challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A M Serafim
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Elkins
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - William J Zuercher
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Stefan A Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehringer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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12
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Al-Khawaldeh I, Al Yasiri MJ, Aldred GG, Basmadjian C, Bordoni C, Harnor SJ, Heptinstall AB, Hobson SJ, Jennings CE, Khalifa S, Lebraud H, Martin MP, Miller DC, Shrives HJ, de Souza JV, Stewart HL, Temple M, Thomas HD, Totobenazara J, Tucker JA, Tudhope SJ, Wang LZ, Bronowska AK, Cano C, Endicott JA, Golding BT, Hardcastle IR, Hickson I, Wedge SR, Willmore E, Noble MEM, Waring MJ. An Alkynylpyrimidine-Based Covalent Inhibitor That Targets a Unique Cysteine in NF-κB-Inducing Kinase. J Med Chem 2021; 64:10001-10018. [PMID: 34212719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) is a key enzyme in the noncanonical NF-κB pathway, of interest in the treatment of a variety of diseases including cancer. Validation of NIK as a drug target requires potent and selective inhibitors. The protein contains a cysteine residue at position 444 in the back pocket of the active site, unique within the kinome. Analysis of existing inhibitor scaffolds and early structure-activity relationships (SARs) led to the design of C444-targeting covalent inhibitors based on alkynyl heterocycle warheads. Mass spectrometry provided proof of the covalent mechanism, and the SAR was rationalized by computational modeling. Profiling of more potent analogues in tumor cell lines with constitutively activated NIK signaling induced a weak antiproliferative effect, suggesting that kinase inhibition may have limited impact on cancer cell growth. This study shows that alkynyl heterocycles are potential cysteine traps, which may be employed where common Michael acceptors, such as acrylamides, are not tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Al-Khawaldeh
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Mohammed J Al Yasiri
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Gregory G Aldred
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Christine Basmadjian
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Cinzia Bordoni
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Suzannah J Harnor
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Amy B Heptinstall
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Stephen J Hobson
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Claire E Jennings
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Shaimaa Khalifa
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Honorine Lebraud
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Mathew P Martin
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Duncan C Miller
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | | | - João V de Souza
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Hannah L Stewart
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Max Temple
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Huw D Thomas
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Jane Totobenazara
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Julie A Tucker
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Susan J Tudhope
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Lan Z Wang
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Agnieszka K Bronowska
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Céline Cano
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Jane A Endicott
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Bernard T Golding
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Ian R Hardcastle
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Ian Hickson
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Stephen R Wedge
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Elaine Willmore
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Martin E M Noble
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Michael J Waring
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
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13
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Halkina T, Henderson JL, Lin EY, Himmelbauer MK, Jones JH, Nevalainen M, Feng J, King K, Rooney M, Johnson JL, Marcotte DJ, Chodaparambil JV, Kumar PR, Patterson TA, Murugan P, Schuman E, Wong L, Hesson T, Lamore S, Bao C, Calhoun M, Certo H, Amaral B, Dillon GM, Gilfillan R, de Turiso FGL. Discovery of Potent and Brain-Penetrant Tau Tubulin Kinase 1 (TTBK1) Inhibitors that Lower Tau Phosphorylation In Vivo. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6358-6380. [PMID: 33944571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Structural analysis of the known NIK inhibitor 3 bound to the kinase domain of TTBK1 led to the design and synthesis of a novel class of azaindazole TTBK1 inhibitors exemplified by 8 (cell IC50: 571 nM). Systematic optimization of this series of analogs led to the discovery of 31, a potent (cell IC50: 315 nM) and selective TTBK inhibitor with suitable CNS penetration (rat Kp,uu: 0.32) for in vivo proof of pharmacology studies. The ability of 31 to inhibit tau phosphorylation at the disease-relevant Ser 422 epitope was demonstrated in both a mouse hypothermia and a rat developmental model and provided evidence that modulation of this target may be relevant in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Halkina
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Jaclyn L Henderson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Edward Y Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Martin K Himmelbauer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - J Howard Jones
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Marta Nevalainen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Kristopher King
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Michael Rooney
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Joshua L Johnson
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Douglas J Marcotte
- Department of Physical Biochemistry and Molecular Design, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Jayanth V Chodaparambil
- Department of Physical Biochemistry and Molecular Design, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - P Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Physical Biochemistry and Molecular Design, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Thomas A Patterson
- Department of Physical Biochemistry and Molecular Design, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Paramasivam Murugan
- Department of Bioassays, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Eli Schuman
- Department of Bioassays, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - LaiYee Wong
- Department of Bioassays, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Thomas Hesson
- Department of Bioassays, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Sarah Lamore
- Department of Preclinical Safety, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Channa Bao
- Department of Emerging Neurosciences Research Unit, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Michael Calhoun
- Department of Emerging Neurosciences Research Unit, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Hannah Certo
- Department of Emerging Neurosciences Research Unit, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Brenda Amaral
- Department of Emerging Neurosciences Research Unit, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Gregory M Dillon
- Department of Emerging Neurosciences Research Unit, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Rab Gilfillan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
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14
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Haselager M, Thijssen R, West C, Young L, Van Kampen R, Willmore E, Mackay S, Kater A, Eldering E. Regulation of Bcl-XL by non-canonical NF-κB in the context of CD40-induced drug resistance in CLL. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:1658-1668. [PMID: 33495554 PMCID: PMC8167103 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00692-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the lymph node (LN) microenvironment delivers critical survival signals by inducing the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 members Bcl-XL, Bfl-1, and Mcl-1, resulting in apoptosis blockade. We determined previously that resistance against various drugs, among which is the clinically applied BH3 mimetic venetoclax, is dominated by upregulation of the anti-apoptotic regulator Bcl-XL. Direct clinical targeting of Bcl-XL by, e.g., Navitoclax is however not desirable due to induction of thrombocytopenia. Since the actual regulation of Bcl-XL in CLL in the context of the LN microenvironment is not well elucidated, we investigated various candidate LN signals to drive Bcl-XL expression. We found a dominance for NF-κB signaling upon CD40 stimulation, which results in activation of both the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways. We demonstrate that expression of Bcl-XL is first induced by the canonical NF-κB pathway, and subsequently boosted and continued via non-canonical NF-κB signaling through stabilization of NIK. NF-κB subunits p65 and p52 can both bind to the Bcl-XL promoter and activate transcription upon CD40 stimulation. Moreover, canonical NF-κB signaling was correlated with Bfl-1 expression, whereas Mcl-1 in contrast, was not transcriptionally regulated by NF-κB. Finally, we applied a novel compound targeting NIK to selectively inhibit the non-canonical NF-κB pathway and showed that venetoclax-resistant CLL cells were sensitized to venetoclax. In conclusion, protective signals from the CLL microenvironment can be tipped towards apoptosis sensitivity by interfering with non-canonical NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Haselager
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, LYMMCARE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rachel Thijssen
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.7177.60000000084992262Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher West
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Louise Young
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Roel Van Kampen
- grid.416905.fZuyderland Medical Center, Sittard, The Netherlands
| | - Elaine Willmore
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Drug Discovery Unit, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Simon Mackay
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Arnon Kater
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Eldering
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, LYMMCARE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Small molecule approaches to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases (Part I): Kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 38:127862. [PMID: 33609659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases place a huge burden on the healthcare system. Small molecule (SM) therapeutics provide much needed complementary treatment options for these diseases. This digest series highlights the latest progress in the discovery and development of safe and efficacious SMs to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases with each part representing a class of SMs, namely: 1) protein kinases; 2) nucleic acid-sensing pathways; and 3) soluble ligands and receptors on cell surfaces. In this first part of the series, the focus is on kinase inhibitors that emerged between 2018 and 2020, and which exhibit increased target and tissue selectivity with the aim of increasing their therapeutic index.
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16
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Cheng J, Feng X, Li Z, Zhou F, Yang JM, Zhao Y. Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) with small molecules for the treatment of human diseases. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:552-565. [PMID: 34046627 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00361a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
NIK is a key kinase required for the activation of alternative NF-κB signaling pathways. Overactivation of NIK in patients has been observed and is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, B-cell malignances, and solid tumors. Over the past decade, inhibition of NIK overactivation with small molecules has been pursued as an attractive strategy for drug discovery, where numerous potent and selective NIK inhibitors with novel pharmacophores have been identified. This review summarizes the structural features and key efficacy studies of the NIK inhibitors reported, which justify the mechanism of action of such inhibitors in animal models driven by NIK overactivation. Given the strong pathological associations between overactivation of NIK and human diseases, human clinical trials of NIK inhibitors as drug candidates are eagerly awaited. Information showcased in this review article might be helpful for the discovery and clinical development of the next generation of NIK inhibitors in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences 555 Zuchongzhi Rd. Shanghai 201203 China +86 21 50800608.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xuexin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences 555 Zuchongzhi Rd. Shanghai 201203 China +86 21 50800608.,School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University Yancheng Jiangsu 224051 China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences 555 Zuchongzhi Rd. Shanghai 201203 China +86 21 50800608.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Feilong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences 555 Zuchongzhi Rd. Shanghai 201203 China +86 21 50800608
| | - Jin-Ming Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University Yancheng Jiangsu 224051 China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences 555 Zuchongzhi Rd. Shanghai 201203 China +86 21 50800608.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
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17
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Gümüş M, Koca İ. Enamines and Dimethylamino Imines as Building Blocks in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Reactions of DMF‐DMA Reagent with Different Functional Groups. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Gümüş
- Akdağmadeni Health College Yozgat Bozok University Yozgat Turkey
| | - İrfan Koca
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Art & Sciences Yozgat Bozok University Yozgat Turkey
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18
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Lue JK, O’Connor OA, Bertoni F. Targeting pathogenic mechanisms in marginal zone lymphoma: from concepts and beyond. ANNALS OF LYMPHOMA 2020; 4:7. [PMID: 34667996 PMCID: PMC7611845 DOI: 10.21037/aol-20-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) represents a group of three distinct though overlapping lymphoid malignancies that includes extranodal, nodal and splenic marginal lymphoma. MZL patients usually present an indolent clinical course, although the disease remains largely incurable, save early stage disease that might be irradiated. Therapeutic advances have been limited due to the small patient population, and have largely been adapted from other indolent lymphomas. Here, we discuss the numerous targets and pathways which may offer the prospect of directly inhibiting the mechanisms identified promoting and sustaining marginal zone lymphomagenesis. In particular, we focus on the agents that may have at least a theoretical application in the disease. Various dysregulated pathways converge to produce an overarching stimulation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and the MYD88-IRAK4 axis, which can be thus leveraged or targeting B-cell receptor signaling through BTK inhibitors (such as ibrutinib, zanubrutinib, acalabrutinib) and PI3K inhibitors (such as idelalisib, copanlisib, duvelisib umbralisib) or via more novel agents in development such as MALT1 inhibitors, SMAC mimetics, NIK inhibitors, IRAK4 or MYD88 inhibitors. NOTCH signaling is also crucial for marginal zone cells, but no clinical data are available with NOTCH inhibitors such as the γ-secretase inhibitor PF-03084014 or the NICD inhibitor CB-103. The hypermethylation phenotype, the overexpression of the PRC2-complex or the presence of TET2 mutations reported in MZL subsets make epigenetic agents (demethylating agents, EZH2 inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors) also potential therapeutic tools for MZL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Lue
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, New York, NY, USA
| | - Owen A. O’Connor
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Program for T-Cell Lymphoma Research, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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19
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Zhu Y, Ma Y, Zu W, Song J, Wang H, Zhong Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Gao Q, Kong B, Xu J, Jiang F, Wang X, Li S, Liu C, Liu H, Lu T, Chen Y. Identification of N-Phenyl-7 H-pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidin-4-amine Derivatives as Novel, Potent, and Selective NF-κB Inducing Kinase (NIK) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Psoriasis. J Med Chem 2020; 63:6748-6773. [PMID: 32479083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of N-phenyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives with NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK) inhibitory activity were obtained through structure-based drug design and synthetic chemistry. Among them, 4-(3-((7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-4-morpholinophenyl)-2-(thiazol-2-yl)but-3-yn-2-ol (12f) was identified as a highly potent NIK inhibitor, along with satisfactory selectivity. The pharmacokinetics of 12f and its ability to inhibit interleukin 6 secretion in BEAS-2B cells were better than compound 1 developed by Amgen. Oral administration of different doses of 12f in an imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model showed effective alleviation of psoriasis, including invasive erythema, swelling, skin thickening, and scales. The underlying pathological mechanism involved attenuation of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression, and the infiltration of macrophages after the treatment of 12f. This work provides a foundation for the development of NIK inhibitors, highlighting the potential of developing NIK inhibitors as a new strategy for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Zhu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Zu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Jianing Song
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - You Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Li
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Bo Kong
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Xu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Fei Jiang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Xinren Wang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Shuwen Li
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Chenhe Liu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Haichun Liu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Chen
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
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20
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Li Z, Li X, Su MB, Gao LX, Zhou YB, Yuan B, Lyu X, Yan Z, Hu C, Zhang H, Luo C, Chen Z, Li J, Zhao Y. Discovery of a Potent and Selective NF-κB-Inducing Kinase (NIK) Inhibitor That Has Anti-inflammatory Effects in Vitro and in Vivo. J Med Chem 2020; 63:4388-4407. [PMID: 32216342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The overexpression of NIK plays a critical role in liver inflammatory diseases. Treatment of such diseases with small-molecule NIK inhibitors is a reasonable but underexplored approach. In this paper, we reported the discovery of a potent and selective NIK inhibitor 46 (XT2). 46 inhibited the NIK kinase with an IC50 value of 9.1 nM in vitro, and it also potently suppressed NIK activities in intact cells. In isogenic primary hepatocytes, treatment of 46 efficiently suppressed the expressions of NIK-induced genes. 46 was orally bioavailable in mice with moderate systemic exposure. In a NIK-associated mouse liver inflammation model, 46 suppressed CCl4-induced upregulation of ALT, a key biomarker of acute liver injury. 46 also decreased immune cell infiltration into the injured liver tissue. Overall, these studies provide examples that an NIK inhibitor is able to suppress toxin-induced liver inflammations, which indicates its therapeutic potentials for the treatment of liver inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinzhi Li
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ming-Bo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Li-Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu-Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bingchuan Yuan
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xilin Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ziqin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chujiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Open Studio for Druggability Research of Marine Natural Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), 1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei, Jimo, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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21
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Feng JA, Lee P, Alaoui MH, Barrett K, Castanedo G, Godemann R, McEwan P, Wang X, Wu P, Zhang Y, Harris SF, Staben ST. Structure Based Design of Potent Selective Inhibitors of Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1). ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1260-1265. [PMID: 31531194 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously disclosed a series of type I 1/2 inhibitors of NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK). Inhibition of NIK by these compounds was found to be strongly dependent on the inclusion and absolute stereochemistry of a propargyl tertiary alcohol as it forms critical hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) with NIK. We report that inhibition of protein kinase D1 (PKD1) by this class of compounds is not dependent on H-bond interactions of this tertiary alcohol. This feature was leveraged in the design of highly selective inhibitors of PKD1 that no longer inhibit NIK. A structure-based hypothesis based on the position and flexibility of the α-C-helix of PKD1 vs NIK is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen A. Feng
- Genentech, 1 DNA way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Patrick Lee
- Genentech, 1 DNA way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | - Kathy Barrett
- Genentech, 1 DNA way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | - Robert Godemann
- Evotec AG, Manfred Eigen Campus, Essener Bogen, Hamburg, Germany 22419
| | - Paul McEwan
- Evotec (U.K.) Ltd, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon OX14 4Rz, U.K
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Evotec AG, Manfred Eigen Campus, Essener Bogen, Hamburg, Germany 22419
| | - Ping Wu
- Genentech, 1 DNA way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Yamin Zhang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd. 6 Taihe Road, BDA, Beijing, P.R. China, 100176
| | - Seth F. Harris
- Genentech, 1 DNA way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Steven T. Staben
- Genentech, 1 DNA way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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22
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Cheng G, Mei XB, Yan YY, Chen J, Zhang B, Li J, Dong XW, Lin NM, Zhou YB. Identification of new NIK inhibitors by discriminatory analysis-based molecular docking and biological evaluation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1800374. [PMID: 31116887 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK) is a key regulator in the noncanonical nuclear factor κB cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Dysregulation of NIK is often related with autoimmune disorders and malignancies. However, the number of reported NIK inhibitors is scarce. Discriminatory analysis-based molecular docking was used to examine the accuracy of the binding conformation and to estimate the binding affinity, leading to the identification of several new NIK inhibitors with moderate IC50 (ranging from 48.9 to 103.4 μM). Among them, compound 5, the most potent one (IC50 48.9 ± 6.9 μM), also showed moderate antiproliferation activity against cancer SW1990 cells, with an IC50 value of 20.1 ± 6.0 μM. Further dynamic simulations were performed to provide more in-depth details on the binding conformation of compound 5 and the NIK protein, providing some structural clues for further optimization of compound 5 as a novel NIK inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Mei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - You-You Yan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Wu Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Neng-Ming Lin
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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23
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Shen C, Liu H, Wang X, Lei T, Wang E, Xu L, Yu H, Li D, Yao X. Importance of Incorporating Protein Flexibility in Molecule Modeling: A Theoretical Study on Type I 1/2 NIK Inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:345. [PMID: 31024312 PMCID: PMC6465739 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK), which is considered as the central component of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway, has been proved to be an important target for the regulation of the immune system. In the past few years, NIK inhibitors with various scaffolds have been successively reported, among which type I1/2 inhibitors that can not only bind in the ATP-binding pocket at the DFG-in state but also extend into an additional back pocket, make up the largest proportion of the NIK inhibitors, and are worthy of more attention. In this study, an integration protocol that combines molecule docking, MD simulations, ensemble docking, MM/GB(PB)SA binding free energy calculations, and decomposition was employed to understand the binding mechanism of 21 tricyclic type I1/2 NIK inhibitors. It is found that the docking accuracy is largely dependent on the selection of docking protocols as well as the crystal structures. The predictions given by the ensemble docking based on multiple receptor conformations (MRCs) and the MM/GB(PB)SA calculations based on MD simulations showed higher linear correlations with the experimental data than those given by conventional rigid receptor docking (RRD) methods (Glide, GOLD, and Autodock Vina), highlighting the importance of incorporating protein flexibility in predicting protein–ligand interactions. Further analysis based on MM/GBSA demonstrates that the hydrophobic interactions play the most essential role in the ligand binding to NIK, and the polar interactions also make an important contribution to the NIK-ligand recognition. A deeper comparison of several pairs of representative derivatives reveals that the hydrophobic interactions are vitally important in the structural optimization of analogs as well. Besides, the H-bond interactions with some key residues and the large desolvation effect in the back pocket devote to the affinity distinction. It is expected that our study could provide valuable insights into the design of novel and potent type I1/2 NIK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuwen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tailong Lei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ercheng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Huidong Yu
- Rongene Pharma Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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24
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Valiño-Rivas L, Vaquero JJ, Sucunza D, Gutierrez S, Sanz AB, Fresno M, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD. NIK as a Druggable Mediator of Tissue Injury. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:341-360. [PMID: 30926358 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK, MAP3K14) is best known as the apical kinase that triggers non-canonical NF-κB activation and by its role in the immune system. Recent data indicate a role for NIK expressed by non-lymphoid cells in cancer, kidney disease, liver injury, glucose homeostasis, osteosarcopenia, vascular calcification, hematopoiesis, and endothelial function. The spectrum of NIK-associated disease now ranges from immunodeficiency (when NIK is defective) to autoimmunity, cancer, sterile inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic disease when NIK is overactive. The development of novel small-molecule NIK inhibitors has paved the way to test NIK targeting to treat disease in vivo, and may eventually lead to NIK targeting in the clinic. In addition, NIK activators are being explored for specific conditions such as myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Valiño-Rivas
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), and Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Vaquero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcala and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sucunza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcala and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Gutierrez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcala and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), and Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Fresno
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas de la UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), and Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, Spain; These authors contributed equally.
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), and Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, Spain; These authors contributed equally.
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25
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Ye Q, Li Q, Gao A, Ying H, Cheng G, Chen J, Che J, Li J, Dong X, Zhou Y. Discovery of novel indoleaminopyrimidine NIK inhibitors based on molecular docking-based support vector regression (SVR) model. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Paul M, Kumar Panda M, Thatoi H. Developing Hispolon-based novel anticancer therapeutics against human (NF-κβ) using in silico approach of modelling, docking and protein dynamics. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:3947-3967. [PMID: 30295165 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1532321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hispolon is a polyphenolic compound derived from black hoof mushroom (Phellinus linteus) or shaggy bracket mushroom (Inonotus hispidus) which induces the inhibition of cancer-promoting nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κβ) complex. To develop more potent lead molecules with enhanced anticancer efficiency, the mechanism of hispolon-mediated nuclear factor-κβ inhibition has been investigated by molecular modelling and docking. Ten derivatives of hispolon (DRG1-10) have been developed by pharmacophore-based design with a view to enhance the anticancer efficacy. Hispolon and its derivatives were further screened for different pharmacological parameters like binding free energy, drug likeliness, absorption-digestion-metabolism-excretion (ADME), permeability, mutagenicity, toxicity and inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) to find a potent lead molecule. Based on pharmacological validation, comparative molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed for three lead molecules: Hispolon, DRG2 and DRG7 complexed with human NF-κβ up to 50 ns. By analysing different factors like root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), solvent-accessible surface area (SASA) and principal component analysis (PCA), Gibb's free energy plots DRG2 have more binding efficiency compared to hispolon and DRG7. In RMSD plot, hispolon-bound NF-κβ has the most deviation within a range between 0.125 and 0.45 nm, and DRG2-bound complex showed the range between 0.125 and 0.25 nm. The residues of NF-κβ responsible for hydrophobic interactions with ligand, e.g. Met469, Leu522 and Cys533, have the lowest fluctuation values in DRG2-bound complex. The average Rg fluctuation for DRG2-bound NF-κβ has been recorded under 2.025 nm for most of the simulation time which is much less compared to hispolon and DRG7. Gibb's free energy plots also define the highest stability of DRG2-bound NF-κβ. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Paul
- a Department of Biotechnology, North Orissa University , Baripada , Odisha , India
| | | | - Hrudayanath Thatoi
- a Department of Biotechnology, North Orissa University , Baripada , Odisha , India
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27
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Blaquiere N, Castanedo GM, Burch JD, Berezhkovskiy LM, Brightbill H, Brown S, Chan C, Chiang PC, Crawford JJ, Dong T, Fan P, Feng J, Ghilardi N, Godemann R, Gogol E, Grabbe A, Hole AJ, Hu B, Hymowitz SG, Alaoui Ismaili MH, Le H, Lee P, Lee W, Lin X, Liu N, McEwan PA, McKenzie B, Silvestre HL, Suto E, Sujatha-Bhaskar S, Wu G, Wu LC, Zhang Y, Zhong Z, Staben ST. Scaffold-Hopping Approach To Discover Potent, Selective, and Efficacious Inhibitors of NF-κB Inducing Kinase. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6801-6813. [PMID: 29940120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) is a protein kinase central to the noncanonical NF-κB pathway downstream from multiple TNF receptor family members, including BAFF, which has been associated with B cell survival and maturation, dendritic cell activation, secondary lymphoid organ development, and bone metabolism. We report herein the discovery of lead chemical series of NIK inhibitors that were identified through a scaffold-hopping strategy using structure-based design. Electronic and steric properties of lead compounds were modified to address glutathione conjugation and amide hydrolysis. These highly potent compounds exhibited selective inhibition of LTβR-dependent p52 translocation and transcription of NF-κB2 related genes. Compound 4f is shown to have a favorable pharmacokinetic profile across species and to inhibit BAFF-induced B cell survival in vitro and reduce splenic marginal zone B cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Blaquiere
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Georgette M Castanedo
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Jason D Burch
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | | | - Hans Brightbill
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Suzanne Brown
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Connie Chan
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Po-Chang Chiang
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - James J Crawford
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Teresa Dong
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Peter Fan
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Jianwen Feng
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Nico Ghilardi
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Robert Godemann
- Evotec AG , Manfred Eigen Campus, Essener Bogen , Hamburg 22419 , Germany
| | - Emily Gogol
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Alice Grabbe
- Evotec AG , Manfred Eigen Campus, Essener Bogen , Hamburg 22419 , Germany
| | - Alison J Hole
- Evotec AG , Manfred Eigen Campus, Essener Bogen , Hamburg 22419 , Germany
| | - Baihua Hu
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd. , 6 Taihe Road, BDA , Beijing 100176 , P. R. China
| | - Sarah G Hymowitz
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | | | - Hoa Le
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Patrick Lee
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Wyne Lee
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Xingyu Lin
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd. , 6 Taihe Road, BDA , Beijing 100176 , P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Paul A McEwan
- Evotec AG , Manfred Eigen Campus, Essener Bogen , Hamburg 22419 , Germany
| | - Brent McKenzie
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | | | - Eric Suto
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | | | - Guosheng Wu
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd. , 6 Taihe Road, BDA , Beijing 100176 , P. R. China
| | - Lawren C Wu
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Yamin Zhang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd. , 6 Taihe Road, BDA , Beijing 100176 , P. R. China
| | - Zoe Zhong
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Steven T Staben
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
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28
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Bryan MC, Rajapaksa NS. Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Immunological Disorders: Recent Advances. J Med Chem 2018; 61:9030-9058. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian C. Bryan
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Naomi S. Rajapaksa
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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29
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Jones MR, Yue J, Wilson AK. Impact of intracellular ionic strength on dimer binding in the NF-kB Inducing kinase. J Struct Biol 2018; 202:183-190. [PMID: 29326084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Improper signaling of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway plays a critical role in many inflammatory disease states including cancer, stroke, and viral infections. Although the signaling pathways are known, how these molecular mechanisms respond to changes in the intracellular microenvironment such as pH, ionic strength, and temperature, remains elusive. Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to differentiate the structural dynamics of the NF-κB Inducing Kinase (NIK), a protein kinase responsible for invoking the non-canonical NF-κB pathway, in its native and mutant form, and in the absence and presence of salt concentration in efforts to probe whether changes in the ionic environment stabilize or destabilize the NIK dimer. Analyses of structure-activity and conformational-activity relationships indicate that the protein-protein interactions are sensitive to changes in the ionic strength. Ligand binding pockets as well as regions between the oligomer interface either compress or expand, affecting both local and distal intermolecular interactions that result in stabilization or destabilization in the protein assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Ln., East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Joshua Yue
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, United States
| | - Angela K Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Ln., East Lansing, MI 48824, United States; Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, United States.
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30
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Pippione AC, Sainas S, Federico A, Lupino E, Piccinini M, Kubbutat M, Contreras JM, Morice C, Barge A, Ducime A, Boschi D, Al-Karadaghi S, Lolli ML. N-Acetyl-3-aminopyrazoles block the non-canonical NF-kB cascade by selectively inhibiting NIK. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:963-968. [PMID: 30108985 PMCID: PMC6071728 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK), an oncogenic drug target that is associated with various cancers, is a central signalling component of the non-canonical pathway. A blind screening process, which established that amino pyrazole related scaffolds have an effect on IKKbeta, led to a hit-to-lead optimization process that identified the aminopyrazole 3a as a low μM selective NIK inhibitor. Compound 3a effectively inhibited the NIK-dependent activation of the NF-κB pathway in tumour cells, confirming its selective inhibitory profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese C Pippione
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | - Stefano Sainas
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | - Antonella Federico
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | - Elisa Lupino
- Department of Oncology , University of Torino , via Michelangelo 27/B , 10126 Torino , Italy
| | - Marco Piccinini
- Department of Oncology , University of Torino , via Michelangelo 27/B , 10126 Torino , Italy
| | | | - Jean-Marie Contreras
- Prestwick Chemical , 220 Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach , 67400 Illkirch , France
| | - Christophe Morice
- Prestwick Chemical , 220 Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach , 67400 Illkirch , France
| | - Alessandro Barge
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | - Alex Ducime
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | | | - Marco L Lolli
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
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Begalli F, Bennett J, Capece D, Verzella D, D'Andrea D, Tornatore L, Franzoso G. Unlocking the NF-κB Conundrum: Embracing Complexity to Achieve Specificity. Biomedicines 2017; 5:E50. [PMID: 28829404 PMCID: PMC5618308 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines5030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) family are central coordinating regulators of the host defence responses to stress, injury and infection. Aberrant NF-κB activation also contributes to the pathogenesis of some of the most common current threats to global human health, including chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, diabetes, vascular diseases and the majority of cancers. Accordingly, the NF-κB pathway is widely considered an attractive therapeutic target in a broad range of malignant and non-malignant diseases. Yet, despite the aggressive efforts by the pharmaceutical industry to develop a specific NF-κB inhibitor, none has been clinically approved, due to the dose-limiting toxicities associated with the global suppression of NF-κB. In this review, we summarise the main strategies historically adopted to therapeutically target the NF-κB pathway with an emphasis on oncology, and some of the emerging strategies and newer agents being developed to pharmacologically inhibit this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Begalli
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Jason Bennett
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Daria Capece
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Daniela Verzella
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Daniel D'Andrea
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Laura Tornatore
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Guido Franzoso
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
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32
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Maracle CX, Kucharzewska P, Helder B, van der Horst C, Correa de Sampaio P, Noort AR, van Zoest K, Griffioen AW, Olsson H, Tas SW. Targeting non-canonical nuclear factor-κB signalling attenuates neovascularization in a novel 3D model of rheumatoid arthritis synovial angiogenesis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 56:294-302. [PMID: 27864565 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Angiogenesis is crucial in RA disease progression. Lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR)-induced activation of the non-canonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway via NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) has been implicated in this process. Consequently, inhibition of this pathway may hold therapeutic potential in RA. We describe a novel three-dimensional (3D) model of synovial angiogenesis incorporating endothelial cells (ECs), RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RAFLSs) and RA synovial fluid (RASF) to further investigate the contributions of NF-κB in this process. METHODS Spheroids consisting of RAFLSs and ECs were stimulated with RASF, the LTβR ligands LTβ and LIGHT, or growth factor bFGF and VEGF, followed by quantification of EC sprouting using confocal microscopy and digital image analysis. Next, the effects of anginex, NIK-targeting siRNA (siNIK), LTβR-Ig fusion protein (baminercept) and a novel pharmacological NIK inhibitor were investigated. RESULTS RASF significantly promoted sprout formation, which was blocked by the established angiogenesis inhibitor anginex (P < 0.05). LTβ and LIGHT induced significant sprouting (P < 0.05), as did bFGF/VEGF (P < 0.01). siNIK pre-treatment of ECs led to reductions in LTβR-induced vessel formation (P < 0.05). LTβR-Ig not only blocked LTβ- or LIGHT-induced sprouting, but also RASF-induced sprouting (P < 0.05). The NIK inhibitor blocked angiogenesis induced by LTβ, LIGHT, growth factors (P < 0.05) and RASF (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION We present a novel 3D model of synovial angiogenesis incorporating RAFLSs, ECs and RASF that mimics the in vivo situation. Using this system, we demonstrate that non-canonical NF-κB signalling promotes neovascularization and show that this model is useful for dissecting relative contributions of signalling pathways in specific cell types to angiogenic responses and for testing pharmacological inhibitors of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrissta X Maracle
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Boy Helder
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corine van der Horst
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ae-Ri Noort
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katinka van Zoest
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sander W Tas
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Castanedo GM, Blaquiere N, Beresini M, Bravo B, Brightbill H, Chen J, Cui HF, Eigenbrot C, Everett C, Feng J, Godemann R, Gogol E, Hymowitz S, Johnson A, Kayagaki N, Kohli PB, Knüppel K, Kraemer J, Krüger S, Loke P, McEwan P, Montalbetti C, Roberts DA, Smith M, Steinbacher S, Sujatha-Bhaskar S, Takahashi R, Wang X, Wu LC, Zhang Y, Staben ST. Structure-Based Design of Tricyclic NF-κB Inducing Kinase (NIK) Inhibitors That Have High Selectivity over Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K). J Med Chem 2017; 60:627-640. [PMID: 28005357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report here structure-guided optimization of a novel series of NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK) inhibitors. Starting from a modestly potent, low molecular weight lead, activity was improved by designing a type 11/2 binding mode that accessed a back pocket past the methionine-471 gatekeeper. Divergent binding modes in NIK and PI3K were exploited to dampen PI3K inhibition while maintaining NIK inhibition within these series. Potent compounds were discovered that selectively inhibit the nuclear translocation of NF-κB2 (p52/REL-B) but not canonical NF-κB1 (REL-A/p50).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole Blaquiere
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Maureen Beresini
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Brandon Bravo
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hans Brightbill
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jacob Chen
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hai-Feng Cui
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd . 6 Taihe Road, BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Charles Eigenbrot
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christine Everett
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jianwen Feng
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Robert Godemann
- Manfred Eigen Campus, Evotec AG , Essener Bogen, 22419 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Emily Gogol
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Sarah Hymowitz
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Adam Johnson
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Nobuhiko Kayagaki
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Pawan Bir Kohli
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Kathleen Knüppel
- Manfred Eigen Campus, Evotec AG , Essener Bogen, 22419 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Kraemer
- Manfred Eigen Campus, Evotec AG , Essener Bogen, 22419 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susan Krüger
- Manfred Eigen Campus, Evotec AG , Essener Bogen, 22419 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pui Loke
- Evotec (U.K.) Ltd , 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon OX14 4Rz, U.K
| | - Paul McEwan
- Evotec (U.K.) Ltd , 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon OX14 4Rz, U.K
| | | | - David A Roberts
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Myron Smith
- Evotec (U.K.) Ltd , 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon OX14 4Rz, U.K
| | - Stefan Steinbacher
- Proteros Biostructures GmbH , Bunsenstrasse 7a, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Ryan Takahashi
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Manfred Eigen Campus, Evotec AG , Essener Bogen, 22419 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lawren C Wu
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Yamin Zhang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd . 6 Taihe Road, BDA, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Steven T Staben
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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34
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Ortiz A, Husi H, Gonzalez-Lafuente L, Valiño-Rivas L, Fresno M, Sanz AB, Mullen W, Albalat A, Mezzano S, Vlahou T, Mischak H, Sanchez-Niño MD. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 14 Promotes AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 28:823-836. [PMID: 27620989 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015080898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
An improved understanding of pathogenic pathways in AKI may identify novel therapeutic approaches. Previously, we conducted unbiased liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based protein expression profiling of the renal proteome in mice with acute folate nephropathy. Here, analysis of the dataset identified enrichment of pathways involving NFκB in the kidney cortex, and a targeted data mining approach identified components of the noncanonical NFκB pathway, including the upstream kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 (MAP3K14), the NFκB DNA binding heterodimer RelB/NFκB2, and proteins involved in NFκB2 p100 ubiquitination and proteasomal processing to p52, as upregulated. Immunohistochemistry localized MAP3K14 expression to tubular cells in acute folate nephropathy and human AKI. In vivo, kidney expression levels of NFκB2 p100 and p52 increased rapidly after folic acid injection, as did DNA binding of RelB and NFκB2, detected in nuclei isolated from the kidneys. Compared with wild-type mice, MAP3K14 activity-deficient aly/aly (MAP3K14aly/aly) mice had less kidney dysfunction, inflammation, and apoptosis in acute folate nephropathy and less kidney dysfunction and a lower mortality rate in cisplatin-induced AKI. The exchange of bone marrow between wild-type and MAP3K14aly/aly mice did not affect the survival rate of either group after folic acid injection. In cultured tubular cells, MAP3K14 small interfering RNA targeting decreased inflammation and cell death. Additionally, cell culture and in vivo studies identified the chemokines MCP-1, RANTES, and CXCL10 as MAP3K14 targets in tubular cells. In conclusion, MAP3K14 promotes kidney injury through promotion of inflammation and cell death and is a promising novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ortiz
- Instituto Investigacion Sanitaria-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and Fundacion Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigacion Nefrologica, Madrid, Spain; .,Red de Investigacion Rena, Madrid, Spain
| | - Holger Husi
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Lafuente
- Instituto Investigacion Sanitaria-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and Fundacion Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigacion Nefrologica, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigacion Rena, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Valiño-Rivas
- Instituto Investigacion Sanitaria-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and Fundacion Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigacion Nefrologica, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigacion Rena, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Fresno
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas de la Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belen Sanz
- Instituto Investigacion Sanitaria-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and Fundacion Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigacion Nefrologica, Madrid, Spain.,Mosaiques diagnostics GmbH, Hannover, Germany
| | - William Mullen
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Amaya Albalat
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sergio Mezzano
- Unidad de Nefrología, Instituto de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; and
| | - Tonia Vlahou
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Harald Mischak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Mosaiques diagnostics GmbH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- Instituto Investigacion Sanitaria-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and Fundacion Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigacion Nefrologica, Madrid, Spain; .,Red de Investigacion Rena, Madrid, Spain
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35
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Abstract
The treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) has dramatically improved over the last two decades by the development of a series of targeted biological therapies. This paper focuses on new developments in the treatment of IMIDs. In particular, we discuss how different ways of targeting the same mediators can lead to different efficacy and safety profiles, using B cell targeting as example. In addition, we discuss the emerging field of 'small molecules' that target specifically intracellular processes related to cytokine signaling, cell activation, cell migration, and other processes relevant to tissue inflammation.
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36
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NF-kB2 induces senescence bypass in melanoma via a direct transcriptional activation of EZH2. Oncogene 2015; 35:2735-45. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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37
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Maijer KI, Noort AR, de Hair MJH, van der Leij C, van Zoest KPM, Choi IY, Gerlag DM, Maas M, Tak PP, Tas SW. Nuclear Factor-κB-inducing Kinase Is Expressed in Synovial Endothelial Cells in Patients with Early Arthritis and Correlates with Markers of Inflammation: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Rheumatol 2015; 42:1573-81. [PMID: 26178280 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.150245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family of transcription factors is strongly involved in synovial inflammation. We have previously shown that NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) is a key regulator of inflammation-induced angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue (ST). Here, we investigated synovial NIK expression in patients with early arthritis and in autoantibody-positive individuals at risk of developing RA. METHODS ST biopsies were obtained by arthroscopy from 154 patients with early arthritis (duration < 1 yr) with various diagnoses and 54 IgM rheumatoid factor-positive and/or anticitrullinated protein antibodies-positive individuals without evidence of arthritis. ST was stained for NIK and endothelial cell (EC) markers. Additionally, measures of disease activity were collected and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in a subset of these patients. RESULTS In patients with early arthritis, NIK was predominantly expressed in EC of small blood vessels. Further, NIK expression correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r 0.184, p = 0.024), C-reactive protein (r 0.194, p = 0.017), joint swelling (r 0.297, p < 0.001), synovial immune cell markers (lining r 0.585, p < 0.001; sublining macrophages r 0.728, p < 0.001; T cells r 0.733, p < 0.001; and B cells r 0.264, p = 0.040), MRI effusion (r 0.665, p < 0.001), MRI synovitis (r 0.632, p < 0.001), and MRI total score (r 0.569, p < 0.001). In 18.5% of autoantibody-positive individuals, ST NIK(+)EC were present, but this was not predictive of the development of arthritis. CONCLUSION NIK(+)EC are present in the earliest phase of synovial inflammation and may be indicative of high angiogenic activity in the inflamed ST. Therefore, NIK(+)EC may play an important role in the persistence of synovitis. Collectively, our data underscore the importance of angiogenesis in synovial inflammation and identify NIK as a potential therapeutic target in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen I Maijer
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, the Department of Experimental Immunology, and the Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.K.I. Maijer, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; A.R. Noort, MSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; M.J. de Hair, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; C. van der Leij, MD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; K.P. van Zoest, BSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; I.Y. Choi, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; D.M. Gerlag, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline; M. Maas, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; P.P. Tak, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, and University of Cambridge; S.W. Tas, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam
| | - Ae Ri Noort
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, the Department of Experimental Immunology, and the Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.K.I. Maijer, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; A.R. Noort, MSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; M.J. de Hair, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; C. van der Leij, MD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; K.P. van Zoest, BSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; I.Y. Choi, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; D.M. Gerlag, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline; M. Maas, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; P.P. Tak, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, and University of Cambridge; S.W. Tas, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam
| | - Maria J H de Hair
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, the Department of Experimental Immunology, and the Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.K.I. Maijer, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; A.R. Noort, MSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; M.J. de Hair, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; C. van der Leij, MD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; K.P. van Zoest, BSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; I.Y. Choi, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; D.M. Gerlag, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline; M. Maas, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; P.P. Tak, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, and University of Cambridge; S.W. Tas, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam
| | - Christiaan van der Leij
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, the Department of Experimental Immunology, and the Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.K.I. Maijer, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; A.R. Noort, MSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; M.J. de Hair, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; C. van der Leij, MD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; K.P. van Zoest, BSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; I.Y. Choi, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; D.M. Gerlag, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline; M. Maas, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; P.P. Tak, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, and University of Cambridge; S.W. Tas, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam
| | - Katinka P M van Zoest
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, the Department of Experimental Immunology, and the Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.K.I. Maijer, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; A.R. Noort, MSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; M.J. de Hair, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; C. van der Leij, MD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; K.P. van Zoest, BSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; I.Y. Choi, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; D.M. Gerlag, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline; M. Maas, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; P.P. Tak, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, and University of Cambridge; S.W. Tas, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam
| | - Ivy Y Choi
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, the Department of Experimental Immunology, and the Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.K.I. Maijer, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; A.R. Noort, MSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; M.J. de Hair, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; C. van der Leij, MD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; K.P. van Zoest, BSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; I.Y. Choi, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; D.M. Gerlag, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline; M. Maas, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; P.P. Tak, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, and University of Cambridge; S.W. Tas, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam
| | - Daniëlle M Gerlag
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, the Department of Experimental Immunology, and the Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.K.I. Maijer, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; A.R. Noort, MSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; M.J. de Hair, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; C. van der Leij, MD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; K.P. van Zoest, BSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; I.Y. Choi, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; D.M. Gerlag, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline; M. Maas, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; P.P. Tak, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, and University of Cambridge; S.W. Tas, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam
| | - Mario Maas
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, the Department of Experimental Immunology, and the Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.K.I. Maijer, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; A.R. Noort, MSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; M.J. de Hair, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; C. van der Leij, MD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; K.P. van Zoest, BSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; I.Y. Choi, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; D.M. Gerlag, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline; M. Maas, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; P.P. Tak, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, and University of Cambridge; S.W. Tas, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam
| | - Paul P Tak
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, the Department of Experimental Immunology, and the Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.K.I. Maijer, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; A.R. Noort, MSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; M.J. de Hair, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; C. van der Leij, MD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; K.P. van Zoest, BSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; I.Y. Choi, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; D.M. Gerlag, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline; M. Maas, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; P.P. Tak, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, and University of Cambridge; S.W. Tas, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam
| | - Sander W Tas
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, the Department of Experimental Immunology, and the Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.K.I. Maijer, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; A.R. Noort, MSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; M.J. de Hair, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; C. van der Leij, MD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; K.P. van Zoest, BSc, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; I.Y. Choi, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; D.M. Gerlag, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline; M. Maas, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam; P.P. Tak, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, and GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, and University of Cambridge; S.W. Tas, MD, PhD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam.
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38
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Zhang L, Zhao M, Zhao X. The synthesis of carbonyl 2-amino-pyrimidines via tandem regioselective heterocyclization of 1,3-diynes with guanidine and selective oxidation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9370-3. [PMID: 25959976 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02238j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient one-pot approach for the synthesis of carbonyl 2-amino-pyrimidines from 1,3-diynes and guanidine in the presence of Cs2CO3 and DMSO has been described. In these reactions, 1,3-diynes act as a precursor of buta-1,2,3-trienes and guanidine serves as the N-C[double bond, length as m-dash]N source for the construction of pyrimidines. This methodology proves to be a tandem regioselective heterocyclization of 1,3-diynes with guanidine and selective oxidation with DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China.
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39
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Demchenko YN, Brents LA, Li Z, Bergsagel LP, McGee LR, Kuehl MW. Novel inhibitors are cytotoxic for myeloma cells with NFkB inducing kinase-dependent activation of NFkB. Oncotarget 2015; 5:4554-66. [PMID: 24980832 PMCID: PMC4147345 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
NFkB activity is critical for survival and proliferation of normal lymphoid cells and many kinds of B-cell tumors, including multiple myeloma (MM). NFkB activating mutations, which are apparent progression events, enable MM tumors to become less dependent on bone marrow signals that activate NFkB. Mutations that activate NFkB-inducing kinase (NIK) protein are the most prevalent among the many kinds of NFkB mutations in MM tumors. NIK is the main activating kinase of the alternative NFkB pathway, although over-expression of NIK also can activate the classical pathway. Two NIK inhibitors and an isomeric control were tested with human myeloma cell lines. These specific NIK inhibitors are selectively cytotoxic for cells with NIK-dependent activation of NFkB. Combination therapy targeting NIK and IKKbeta (as a main kinase of the classical NFkB pathway) represents a promising treatment strategy in MM. NIK inhibitors can also be useful tool for assessing the role of NIK and alternative NFkB pathway in different cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leslie A Brents
- Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael W Kuehl
- Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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40
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Noort AR, Tak PP, Tas SW. Non-canonical NF-κB signaling in rheumatoid arthritis: Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde? Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:15. [PMID: 25774937 PMCID: PMC4308835 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family of transcription factors is essential for the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but can also induce regulatory pathways. NF-κB can be activated via two distinct pathways: the classical or canonical pathway, and the alternative or non-canonical pathway. It is well established that the canonical NF-κB pathway is essential both in acute inflammatory responses and in chronic inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although less extensively studied, the non-canonical NF-κB pathway is not only central in lymphoid organ development and adaptive immune responses, but is also thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of RA. Importantly, this pathway appears to have cell type-specific functions and, since many different cell types are involved in the pathogenesis of RA, it is difficult to predict the net overall contribution of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway to synovial inflammation. In this review, we describe the current understanding of non-canonical NF-κB signaling in various important cell types in the context of RA and consider the relevance to the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, we discuss current drugs targeting this pathway, as well as future therapeutic prospects.
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41
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Verstrepen L, Beyaert R. Receptor proximal kinases in NF-κB signaling as potential therapeutic targets in cancer and inflammation. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 92:519-29. [PMID: 25449604 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Many signaling pathways leading to activation of transcription factors and gene expression are characterized by phosphorylation events mediated by specific kinases. The transcription factor NF-κB plays a key role in multiple cellular processes, including immune signaling, inflammation, development, proliferation and survival. Dysregulated NF-κB activation is associated with autoimmunity, chronic inflammation and cancer. Activation of NF-κB requires IκB kinase (IKK)α or β, the activity of which is regulated via phosphorylation by specific IKK kinases and by autophosphorylation. Receptor specificity is further obtained by the use of multiple upstream receptor proximal kinases. We review the identities of several IKK regulatory kinases as well as the proposed molecular mechanisms. In addition, we discuss the potential for therapeutic targeting of some of these kinases in the context of inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Verstrepen
- Inflammation Research Center, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Inflammation Research Center, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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42
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Noort AR, van Zoest KPM, Weijers EM, Koolwijk P, Maracle CX, Novack DV, Siemerink MJ, Schlingemann RO, Tak PP, Tas SW. NF-κB-inducing kinase is a key regulator of inflammation-induced and tumour-associated angiogenesis. J Pathol 2014; 234:375-85. [PMID: 25043127 PMCID: PMC4194146 DOI: 10.1002/path.4403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential during development and in pathological conditions such as chronic inflammation and cancer progression. Inhibition of angiogenesis by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) blocks disease progression, but most patients eventually develop resistance which may result from compensatory signalling pathways. In endothelial cells (ECs), expression of the pro-angiogenic chemokine CXCL12 is regulated by non-canonical nuclear factor (NF)-κB signalling. Here, we report that NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) and subsequent non-canonical NF-κB signalling regulate both inflammation-induced and tumour-associated angiogenesis. NIK is highly expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) in tumour tissues and inflamed rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue. Furthermore, non-canonical NF-κB signalling in human microvascular ECs significantly enhanced vascular tube formation, which was completely blocked by siRNA targeting NIK. Interestingly, Nik(-/-) mice exhibited normal angiogenesis during development and unaltered TNFα- or VEGF-induced angiogenic responses, whereas angiogenesis induced by non-canonical NF-κB stimuli was significantly reduced. In addition, angiogenesis in experimental arthritis and a murine tumour model was severely impaired in these mice. These studies provide evidence for a role of non-canonical NF-κB signalling in pathological angiogenesis, and identify NIK as a potential therapeutic target in chronic inflammatory diseases and tumour neoangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae R Noort
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Katinka PM van Zoest
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ester M Weijers
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU Medical CenterAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Koolwijk
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU Medical CenterAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chrissta X Maracle
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Deborah V Novack
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Washington University School of MedicineSt Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Martin J Siemerink
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Reinier O Schlingemann
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Paul P Tak
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
| | - Sander W Tas
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
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43
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Staben ST, Feng JA, Lyle K, Belvin M, Boggs J, Burch JD, Chua CC, Cui H, DiPasquale AG, Friedman LS, Heise C, Koeppen H, Kotey A, Mintzer R, Oh A, Roberts DA, Rouge L, Rudolph J, Tam C, Wang W, Xiao Y, Young A, Zhang Y, Hoeflich KP. Back Pocket Flexibility Provides Group II p21-Activated Kinase (PAK) Selectivity for Type I 1/2 Kinase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2014; 57:1033-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401768t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ching-ching Chua
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Evotec, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX144SA, United Kingdom
| | - Haifeng Cui
- Pharmaron-Beijing, 6 Taihe Road, Beijing 100176, People’s Republic of China
| | - Antonio G. DiPasquale
- X-ray
Crystallography Facility, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | | | | | - Adrian Kotey
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Evotec, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX144SA, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yisong Xiao
- Wuxi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Yamin Zhang
- Pharmaron-Beijing, 6 Taihe Road, Beijing 100176, People’s Republic of China
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44
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Mechanisms and consequences of constitutive NF-κB activation in B-cell lymphoid malignancies. Oncogene 2014; 33:5655-65. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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45
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Walker SR, Czyz ML, Morris JC. Concise syntheses of meridianins and meriolins using a catalytic domino amino-palladation reaction. Org Lett 2014; 16:708-11. [PMID: 24437527 DOI: 10.1021/ol403390m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis of natural and synthetic members of the meridianin family of kinase inhibitory natural products has been developed. The sequence utilizes a variation of the Cacchi palladium-catalyzed domino reaction to efficiently construct the heterocyclic framework of the meridianins and meriolins from monocyclic precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Walker
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA, Australia
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46
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Poveda J, Tabara LC, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Martin-Cleary C, Sanz AB, Selgas R, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD. TWEAK/Fn14 and Non-Canonical NF-kappaB Signaling in Kidney Disease. Front Immunol 2013; 4:447. [PMID: 24339827 PMCID: PMC3857575 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing. However, there is no effective therapy for AKI and current approaches only slow down, but do not prevent progression of CKD. TWEAK is a TNF superfamily cytokine. A solid base of preclinical data suggests a role of therapies targeting the TWEAK or its receptor Fn14 in AKI and CKD. In particular TWEAK/Fn14 targeting may preserve renal function and decrease cell death, inflammation, proteinuria, and fibrosis in mouse animal models. Furthermore there is clinical evidence for a role of TWEAK in human kidney injury including increased tissue and/or urinary levels of TWEAK and parenchymal renal cell expression of the receptor Fn14. In this regard, clinical trials of TWEAK targeting are ongoing in lupus nephritis. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation plays a key role in TWEAK-elicited inflammatory responses. Activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway is a critical difference between TWEAK and TNF. TWEAK activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathways promotes inflammatory responses in tubular cells. However, there is an incomplete understanding of the role of non-canonical NF-κB activation in kidney disease and on its contribution to TWEAK actions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonay Poveda
- Department of Nephrology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and IRSIN , Madrid , Spain
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