1
|
Chícharo A, Caetano DM, Cardoso S, Freitas P. Evolution in Automatized Detection of Cells: Advances in Magnetic Microcytometers for Cancer Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1379:413-444. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04039-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
2
|
Liu L, Chen D, Wang J, Chen J. Advances of Single-Cell Protein Analysis. Cells 2020; 9:E1271. [PMID: 32443882 PMCID: PMC7290353 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins play a significant role in the key activities of cells. Single-cell protein analysis provides crucial insights in studying cellular heterogeneities. However, the low abundance and enormous complexity of the proteome posit challenges in analyzing protein expressions at the single-cell level. This review summarizes recent advances of various approaches to single-cell protein analysis. We begin by discussing conventional characterization approaches, including fluorescence flow cytometry, mass cytometry, enzyme-linked immunospot assay, and capillary electrophoresis. We then detail the landmark advances of microfluidic approaches for analyzing single-cell protein expressions, including microfluidic fluorescent flow cytometry, droplet-based microfluidics, microwell-based assay (microengraving), microchamber-based assay (barcoding microchips), and single-cell Western blotting, among which the advantages and limitations are compared. Looking forward, we discuss future research opportunities and challenges for multiplexity, analyte, throughput, and sensitivity of the microfluidic approaches, which we believe will prompt the research of single-cell proteins such as the molecular mechanism of cell biology, as well as the clinical applications for tumor treatment and drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.L.); (D.C.)
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.L.); (D.C.)
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.L.); (D.C.)
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.L.); (D.C.)
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu L, Yang H, Men D, Wang M, Gao X, Zhang T, Chen D, Xue C, Wang Y, Wang J, Chen J. Development of microfluidic platform capable of high-throughput absolute quantification of single-cell multiple intracellular proteins from tumor cell lines and patient tumor samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 155:112097. [PMID: 32090869 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Quantification of single-cell proteins plays key roles in cell heterogeneity while due to technical limitations absolute numbers of multiple intracellular proteins from large populations of single cells were still missing, leading to compromised results in cell-type classifications. This paper presents a microfluidic platform capable of high-throughput absolute quantification of single-cell multiple types of intracellular proteins where cells stained with fluorescent labelled antibodies are aspirated into the constriction microchannels with excited fluorescent signals detected and translated into numbers of binding sites of targeted proteins based on calibration curves formed by flushing gradient solutions of fluorescent labelled antibodies directly into constriction microchannels. Based on this approach, single-cell numbers of binding sites of β-actin, α-tubulin and β-tubulin from tens of thousands of five representative tumor cell lines were first quantified, reporting cell-type classification rates of 83.0 ± 7.1%. Then single-cell numbers of binding sites of β-actin, biotin and RhoA from thousands of five tumor cell lines with varieties in malignant levels were quantified, reporting cell-type classification rates of 93.7 ± 2.8%. Furthermore, single-cell numbers of binding sites of Ras, c-Myc and p53 from thousands of cells derived from two oral tumor lines of CAL 27, WSU-HN6 and two oral tumor patient samples were quantified, contributing to high classifications of both tumor cell lines (98.6%) and tumor patient samples (83.4%). In conclusion, the developed microfluidic platform was capable of quantifying multiple intracellular proteins from large populations of single cells, and the collected data of protein expressions enabled effective cell-type classifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Men
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Gao
- Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlai Xue
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mendes APO, Oliveira BC, Pereira AMS, Castro MCAB, Souza MA, Brito MEF, Araújo FF, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Martins-Filho OA, Pereira VRA. American tegumentary leishmaniasis diagnosis using L. (V.) braziliensis fixed promastigotes: a comparative performance of serological tests and spontaneous cure identification. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:1015. [PMID: 31783798 PMCID: PMC6884772 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to demonstrate the applicability of a flow cytometry-based serology approach to identify spontaneous cure by the detection of immunoglobulin G, and also, the diagnosis and cure criterion by the IgG1 isotype in American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis - ATL caused by L. (V.) braziliensis. Also, a comparison between flow cytometry with the serological conventional technique was performed. METHODS Forty five individuals were included in study. They were assessed in two moments: First, 8 subjects spontaneously cured of ATL, 8 healthy individuals and 15 patients who had a positive diagnosis for ATL were selected before treatment to identify spontaneous cure by immunoglobulin G detection. Secondly, 14 patients who were positive for ATL were selected and had their blood collected before and 1, 2 and 5 years after treatment, respectively, for the diagnostic tests (ELISA and flow cytometry) and cure criterion evaluation using the IgG1 isotype. RESULTS The analysis of the mean percentage of positive fluorescent parasites (PPFP) along with the titration curves of IgG anti-fixed promastigotes of L.(V.)braziliensis, confirmed the applicability of this method for monitoring spontaneous cure in ATL with outstanding co-positivity (100%) and co-negativity (100%) performance indexes. Regarding the results of the comparison between flow cytometry and ELISA it was seen that there was a better accuracy of the first one in relation to the other. When IgG1 applicability was evaluated, it was observed that before treatment, 36.8% of the patients were negative; in patients 1 year post-treatment, 82.3%; 2 years post-treatment, 27.2% and in patients 5 years post-treatment, 87.5%. The overall analysis of the results suggests that flow cytometry can be applied to ATL detection, and that the use of IgG1 isotype has possibilities to contribute as a more specific diagnostic method. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, this area has great perspectives use for the diagnosis and cure criterion, and also it can be scaled up with the possibility to characterize the different clinical stages of the disease. Together, these findings demonstrate the applicability of a flow cytometry-based serology approach and opens up new avenues of research with this technique, such as the understanding the humoral response in ATL patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andresa Pereira Oliveira Mendes
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Inovação Terapêutica, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Beatriz Coutinho Oliveira
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Inovação Terapêutica, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Allana Maria S. Pereira
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
| | | | - Marina Assis Souza
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
| | - Maria Edileuza Felinto Brito
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Valeria Rêgo Alves Pereira
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Microfluidic Analyzer Enabling Quantitative Measurements of Specific Intracellular Proteins at the Single-Cell Level. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:mi9110588. [PMID: 30424565 PMCID: PMC6265747 DOI: 10.3390/mi9110588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a microfluidic instrument capable of quantifying single-cell specific intracellular proteins, which are composed of three functioning modules and two software platforms. Under the control of a LabVIEW platform, a pressure module flushed cells stained with fluorescent antibodies through a microfluidic module with fluorescent intensities quantified by a fluorescent module and translated into the numbers of specific intracellular proteins at the single-cell level using a MATLAB platform. Detection ranges and resolutions of the analyzer were characterized as 896.78–6.78 × 105 and 334.60 nM for Alexa 488, 314.60–2.11 × 105 and 153.98 nM for FITC, and 77.03–5.24 × 104 and 37.17 nM for FITC-labelled anti-beta-actin antibodies. As a demonstration, the numbers of single-cell beta-actins of two paired oral tumor cell types and two oral patient samples were quantified as: 1.12 ± 0.77 × 106/cell (salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma parental cell line (SACC-83), ncell = 13,689) vs. 0.90 ± 0.58 × 105/cell (salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma lung metastasis cell line (SACC-LM), ncell = 15,341); 0.89 ± 0.69 × 106/cell (oral carcinoma cell line (CAL 27), ncell = 7357) vs. 0.93 ± 0.69 × 106/cell (oral carcinoma lymphatic metastasis cell line (CAL 27-LN2), ncell = 6276); and 0.86 ± 0.52 × 106/cell (patient I) vs. 0.85 ± 0.58 × 106/cell (patient II). These results (1) validated the developed analyzer with a throughput of 10 cells/s and a processing capability of ~10,000 cells for each cell type, and (2) revealed that as an internal control in cell analysis, the expressions of beta-actins remained stable in oral tumors with different malignant levels.
Collapse
|
6
|
Quantitative Flow Cytometry to Measure Viral Production Using Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus as a Model: A Preliminary Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8101734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, flow cytometry (FCM) has become an important tool in virology, due to its applications in viral replication and viral-cell interactions, as well as its capacity to quantify proteins (qFCM). In the present study, we have designed and evaluated a qFCM procedure for the in vitro analysis and quantification of fish viral proteins, using the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) as a model. We have also tested its use for viral titration and adapted the MARIS (method for analysing RNA following intracellular sorting) method for simultaneous quantification of viral RNA expression in infected cells. The procedure has proved to be repeatable and reproducible to an acceptable level, although to ensure reproducibility, the repetition of standard curves is inevitable. Regarding its use for viral quantification, a direct relationship (by a second-degree polynomial regression) between viral titres and Molecules of Equivalent Soluble Fluorochrome (MESF) was observed. Finally, the results support the use of this technology, not only for virus quantification, but also to study viral replication from a quantitative approach.
Collapse
|
7
|
Li X, Fan B, Liu L, Chen D, Cao S, Men D, Wang J, Chen J. A Microfluidic Fluorescent Flow Cytometry Capable of Quantifying Cell Sizes and Numbers of Specific Cytosolic Proteins. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14229. [PMID: 30242168 PMCID: PMC6155059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents a microfluidics based cytometry capable of characterizing cell sizes and counting numbers of specific cytosolic proteins where cells were first bound by antibodies labelled with fluorescence and then aspirated into a constriction microchannel in which fluorescent levels were measured. These raw fluorescent pulses were further divided into a rising domain, a stable domain and a declining domain. In addition, antibody solutions with labelled fluorescence were aspirated through the constriction microchannel, yielding curves to translate raw fluorescent levels to protein concentrations. By using key parameters of three domains as well as the calibration curves, cell diameters and the absolute number of β-actins at the single-cell level were quantified as 14.2 ± 1.7 μm and 9.62 ± 4.29 × 105 (A549, ncell = 14 242), 13.0 ± 2.0 μm and 6.46 ± 3.34 × 105 (Hep G2, ncell = 35 932), 13.8 ± 1.9 μm and 1.58 ± 0.90 × 106 (MCF 10 A, ncell = 16 650), and 12.7 ± 1.5 μm and 1.09 ± 0.49 × 106 (HeLa, ncell = 26 246). This platform could be further adopted to measure numbers of various cytosolic proteins, providing key insights in proteomics at the single-cell level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Li
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China
| | - Beiyuan Fan
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China
| | - Lixing Liu
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China
| | - Shanshan Cao
- State Key Lab of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dong Men
- State Key Lab of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing City, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kriegsmann K, Dittrich T, Neuber B, Awwad MHS, Hegenbart U, Goldschmidt H, Hillengass J, Hose D, Seckinger A, Müller-Tidow C, Ho AD, Schönland S, Hundemer M. Quantification of number of CD38 sites on bone marrow plasma cells in patients with light chain amyloidosis and smoldering multiple myeloma. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2018; 94:611-620. [PMID: 29577600 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent approaches in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment have targeted CD38. As antigen expression levels on plasma cells (PCs) were demonstrated to affect response to monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment, a precise characterization of PC phenotype is warranted. METHODS Anti-CD38 mAb (isatuximab) was tested for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in MM cell lines. Quantification of the number of sites (NOS) of CD38 on bone marrow PCs and other immune cells obtained from light chain (AL) amyloidosis (n = 46) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) patients (n = 19) was performed with two different quantitative flow cytometry (QFCM) applications. RESULTS ADCC activity of isatuximab was observed in cell lines with >100 × 103 CD38-NOS only. The average PC CD38-NOS was 153 ± 53 × 103 in AL amyloidosis and 138.7 ± 53 × 103 in SMM patients. Eight (17%) AL amyloidosis and 4 (21%) SMM patients showed a PC CD38-NOS level <100 × 103 . In four AL amyloidosis and two SMM patients <10% of PCs had a CD38-NOS ≥100 × 103 . The CD38-NOS identified on bone marrow lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes was two log units below the CD38-NOS on PCs (P < 0.001). No significant differences in CD38-NOS expression levels on any of the analyzed PC subpopulations in AL amyloidosis and SMM patients were identified. CONCLUSION Levels of CD38 expression affect the isatuximab-mediated ADCC in vitro. As PCs of patients with AL amyloidosis and SMM do not homogenously express high CD38 our data provide a rationale for assessment of CD38-NOS in patients with PC disorders prior to anti-CD38 treatment. © 2018 International Clinical Cytometry Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Dittrich
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Neuber
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mohamed H S Awwad
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Hegenbart
- Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Hillengass
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Hose
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Seckinger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Michael Hundemer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Quantification of single-cell proteomics provides key insights in the field of cellular heterogeneity. This chapter discusses the emerging techniques that are being used to measure the protein copy numbers at the single-cell level, which includes flow cytometry, mass cytometry, droplet cytometry, microengraving, and single-cell barcoding microchip. The advantages and limitations of each technique are compared, and future research opportunities are highlighted.
Collapse
|
10
|
Li X, Fan B, Cao S, Chen D, Zhao X, Men D, Yue W, Wang J, Chen J. A microfluidic flow cytometer enabling absolute quantification of single-cell intracellular proteins. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:3129-3137. [PMID: 28805868 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00546f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of single-cell proteomics provides key insights into cellular heterogeneity while conventional flow cytometry cannot provide absolute quantification of intracellular proteins of single cells due to the lack of calibration approaches. This paper presents a constriction channel (with a cross sectional area smaller than cells) based microfluidic flow cytometer, capable of collecting copy numbers of specific intracellular proteins. In this platform, single cells stained with fluorescence labelled antibodies were forced to squeeze through the constriction channel with the fluorescence intensities quantified and since cells fully filled the constriction channel during the squeezing process, solutions with fluorescence labelled antibodies were flushed into the constriction channel to obtain calibration curves. By combining raw fluorescence data and calibration curves, absolute quantification of intracellular proteins was realized. As a demonstration, copy numbers of beta-actin of single tumour cells were quantified to be 0.90 ± 0.30 μM (A549, ncell = 14 228), 2.34 ± 0.70 μM (MCF 10A, ncell = 2455), and 0.98 ± 0.65 μM (Hep G2, ncell = 6945). The travelling time for individual cells was quantified to be roughly 10 ms and thus a throughput of 100 cells per s can be achieved. This microfluidic system can be used to quantify the copy numbers of intracellular proteins in a high-throughput manner, which may function as an enabling technique in the field of single-cell proteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ikoma MRV. Scientific comment on: "Quantitative flow cytometric evaluation of CD200, CD123, CD43 and CD52 as a tool for the differential diagnosis of mature B-cell neoplasms". Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2017; 39:199-201. [PMID: 28830597 PMCID: PMC5568581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjhh.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
12
|
Puñet-Ortiz J, Hervás-García JV, Teniente-Serra A, Cano-Orgaz A, Mansilla MJ, Quirant-Sánchez B, Navarro-Barriuso J, Fernández-Sanmartín MA, Presas-Rodríguez S, Ramo-Tello C, Martínez-Cáceres EM. Monitoring CD49d Receptor Occupancy: A Method to Optimize and Personalize Natalizumab Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2017; 94:327-333. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Puñet-Ortiz
- Division of Immunology; Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti; Badalona Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology; Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Spain
| | - José Vicente Hervás-García
- Department of Neuroscience; Multiple Sclerosis Unit, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Badalona Spain
| | - Aina Teniente-Serra
- Division of Immunology; Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti; Badalona Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology; Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Spain
| | | | - Maria José Mansilla
- Division of Immunology; Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti; Badalona Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology; Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Spain
| | - Bibiana Quirant-Sánchez
- Division of Immunology; Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti; Badalona Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology; Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Spain
| | - Juan Navarro-Barriuso
- Division of Immunology; Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti; Badalona Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology; Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Spain
| | | | - Silvia Presas-Rodríguez
- Department of Neuroscience; Multiple Sclerosis Unit, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Badalona Spain
| | - Cristina Ramo-Tello
- Department of Neuroscience; Multiple Sclerosis Unit, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Badalona Spain
| | - Eva María Martínez-Cáceres
- Division of Immunology; Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti; Badalona Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology; Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mizrahi O, Ish Shalom E, Baniyash M, Klieger Y. Quantitative Flow Cytometry: Concerns and Recommendations in Clinic and Research. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2017; 94:211-218. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michal Baniyash
- ImProDia LTD; Herzliya Pituah 46723 Israel
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology; Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University; Jerusalem 91120 Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Riondato F, Martini V, Poggi A, Rota A, Comazzi S, Sulce M, Bruno B, Borrelli A, Miniscalco B. Identification of a suitable internal control for fluorescence analysis on canine peripheral blood samples. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 172:38-42. [PMID: 27032501 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Reliable detection of fluorescence intensity (FI) by flow cytometry (FC) is fundamental. FI depends on instrument settings and sample processing procedures: thus, measurements should be done using internal controls with known FI. Commercially available beads-based standards are expensive, thus reducing their usability in the veterinary practice. Cell subsets with stable mean FI (MFI) within the population have been proposed as acceptable surrogates in human medicine. In veterinary medicine, no data exist about stability of antigen expression among different subjects or upon sample storage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate MFI variability of main lymphocytes antigens among the lymphoid cells within each subject, among different subjects, and upon 24-h storage, in order to identify the antigen most suitable as stable internal control in MFI analyses. Peripheral blood samples from 18 healthy dogs were analysed by FC within 3h from sampling to assess the expression of CD3, CD5, CD4, CD8, CD21 and cyCD79b using conjugated monoclonal antibodies. Analyses were restricted to the lymphoid population. Fluorescent microbeads were added to each tube, and antigen MFI was calculated as Relative Fluorescence Intensity RFI (CD/beads). Fluorescence histogram CV (fhCV) for each CD was regarded as an index of the variability of expression among lymphocytes within each subject (cell-to-cell variability); whereas the CV of RFI was regarded as an index of inter-subjects variability (dog-to-dog variability). In 11 cases, FC analyses were repeated after 24h storage at 4°C and RFI and CVs of fresh and stored samples were compared to assess variability linked to storage. CD4 was identified as the best antigen to be used as an internal control for MFI analyses in canine peripheral blood samples because of low cell-to-cell and dog-to-dog variability, and optimal stability upon 24-h storage. Blood samples from a second group of 21 healthy dogs were labelled only with CD4, in order to assess the influence of breed, sex and age on the expression of CD4 in a larger case series. Based on univariate GLMs, none of these variables influenced CD4 RFI. Normalizing fluorescence data using lymphoid CD4 MFI as a reference would improve the comparison of results obtained by different laboratories, patients or times in diagnostic and research analyses of FI. Further studies are needed to confirm our results with different FC approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Riondato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
| | - V Martini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - A Poggi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - A Rota
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - S Comazzi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - M Sulce
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - B Bruno
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - A Borrelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - B Miniscalco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Development of Microfluidic Systems Enabling High-Throughput Single-Cell Protein Characterization. SENSORS 2016; 16:232. [PMID: 26891303 PMCID: PMC4801608 DOI: 10.3390/s16020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews recent developments in microfluidic systems enabling high-throughput characterization of single-cell proteins. Four key perspectives of microfluidic platforms are included in this review: (1) microfluidic fluorescent flow cytometry; (2) droplet based microfluidic flow cytometry; (3) large-array micro wells (microengraving); and (4) large-array micro chambers (barcode microchips). We examine the advantages and limitations of each technique and discuss future research opportunities by focusing on three key performance parameters (absolute quantification, sensitivity, and throughput).
Collapse
|
16
|
Jarantow SW, Bushey BS, Pardinas JR, Boakye K, Lacy ER, Sanders R, Sepulveda MA, Moores SL, Chiu ML. Impact of Cell-surface Antigen Expression on Target Engagement and Function of an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor × c-MET Bispecific Antibody. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:24689-704. [PMID: 26260789 PMCID: PMC4598982 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.651653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of engaging multiple drug targets using bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) is affected by the relative cell-surface protein levels of the respective targets. In this work, the receptor density values were correlated to the in vitro activity of a BsAb (JNJ-61186372) targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-MET). Simultaneous binding of the BsAb to both receptors was confirmed in vitro. By using controlled Fab-arm exchange, a set of BsAbs targeting EGFR and c-MET was generated to establish an accurate receptor quantitation of a panel of lung and gastric cancer cell lines expressing heterogeneous levels of EGFR and c-MET. EGFR and c-MET receptor density levels were correlated to the respective gene expression levels as well as to the respective receptor phosphorylation inhibition values. We observed a bias in BsAb binding toward the more highly expressed of the two receptors, EGFR or c-MET, which resulted in the enhanced in vitro potency of JNJ-61186372 against the less highly expressed target. On the basis of these observations, we propose an avidity model of how JNJ-61186372 engages EGFR and c-MET with potentially broad implications for bispecific drug efficacy and design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W Jarantow
- From Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477 and
| | - Barbara S Bushey
- From Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477 and
| | - Jose R Pardinas
- From Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477 and
| | - Ken Boakye
- From Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477 and
| | - Eilyn R Lacy
- From Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477 and
| | - Renouard Sanders
- Janssen Diagnostics, Janssen Research and Development, Huntingdon Valley, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Manuel A Sepulveda
- From Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477 and
| | - Sheri L Moores
- From Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477 and
| | - Mark L Chiu
- From Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477 and
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hirst NA, Tiernan JP, Millner PA, Jayne DG. Systematic review of methods to predict and detect anastomotic leakage in colorectal surgery. Colorectal Dis 2014; 16:95-109. [PMID: 23992097 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Anastomotic leakage is a serious complication of gastrointestinal surgery resulting in increased morbidity and mortality, poor function and predisposing to cancer recurrence. Earlier diagnosis and intervention can minimize systemic complications but is hindered by current diagnostic methods that are non-specific and often uninformative. The purpose of this paper is to review current developments in the field and to identify strategies for early detection and treatment of anastomotic leakage. METHOD A systematic literature search was performed using the MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Search terms included 'anastomosis' and 'leak' and 'diagnosis' or 'detection' and 'gastrointestinal' or 'colorectal'. Papers concentrating on the diagnosis of gastrointestinal anastomotic leak were identified and further searches were performed by cross-referencing. RESULTS Computerized tomography CT scanning and water-soluble contrast studies are the current preferred techniques for diagnosing anastomotic leakage but suffer from variable sensitivity and specificity, have logistical constraints and may delay timely intervention. Intra-operative endoscopy and imaging may offer certain advantages, but the ability to predict anastomotic leakage is unproven. Newer techniques involve measurement of biomarkers for anastomotic leakage and have the potential advantage of providing cheap real-time monitoring for postoperative complications. CONCLUSION Current diagnostic tests often fail to diagnose anastomotic leak at an early stage that enables timely intervention and minimizes serious morbidity and mortality. Emerging technologies, based on detection of local biomarkers, have achieved proof of concept status but require further evaluation to determine whether they translate into improved patient outcomes. Further research is needed to address this important, yet relatively unrecognized, area of unmet clinical need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N A Hirst
- Section of Translational Anaesthesia and Surgical Sciences, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Flor A, Williams JH, Blaine KM, Duggan RC, Sperling AI, Schwartz DA, Kron SJ. DNA-directed assembly of antibody-fluorophore conjugates for quantitative multiparametric flow cytometry. Chembiochem 2014; 15:267-75. [PMID: 24375983 PMCID: PMC3925401 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiparametric flow cytometry offers a powerful approach to single-cell analysis with broad applications in research and diagnostics. Despite advances in instrumentation, progress in methodology has lagged. Currently there is no simple and efficient method for antibody labeling or quantifying the number of antibodies bound per cell. Herein, we describe a DNA-directed assembly approach to fluorescent labeling that overcomes these barriers. Oligonucleotide-tagged antibodies and microparticles can be annealed to complementary oligonucleotides bearing fluorophores to create assay-specific labeling probes and controls, respectively. The ratio of the fluorescence intensity of labeled cells to the control particles allows direct conversion of qualitative data to quantitative units of antibody binding per cell. Importantly, a single antibody can be labeled with any fluorophore by using a simple mix-and-match labeling strategy. Thus, any antibody can provide a quantitative probe in any fluorescent channel, thus overcoming major barriers to the use of flow cytometry as a technique for systems biology and clinical diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Flor
- University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 (USA)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Flow cytometry has had an impact upon all areas of clinical pathology and now, in the 21st century, it is truly coming of age. This study reviews the application of flow cytometry within clinical pathology with an emphasis upon haematology and immunology. The basic principles of flow cytometry are discussed, including the principles and considerations of the flow-cell and hydrodynamic focusing, detector layout and function, use of fluorochromes and multicolour flow cytometry (spectral overlap and colour compensation), alongside the strategies available for sample preparation, data acquisition and analysis, reporting of results, internal quality control, external quality assessment and flow sorting. The practice of flow cytometry is discussed, including the principles and pitfalls associated with leukocyte immunophenotyping for leukaemia and lymphoma diagnosis, immune deficiency, predicting and monitoring response to monoclonal antibody therapy, rare event detection and screening for genetic disease. Each section is illustrated with a case study. Future directions are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul F Virgo
- Department of Immunology and Immunogenetics, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol BS10 5NB
| | - Graham J Gibbs
- Department of Haematology, Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, Somerset TA1 5DA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fletcher MA, Zeng XR, Maher K, Levis S, Hurwitz B, Antoni M, Broderick G, Klimas NG. Biomarkers in chronic fatigue syndrome: evaluation of natural killer cell function and dipeptidyl peptidase IV/CD26. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10817. [PMID: 20520837 PMCID: PMC2876037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) studies from our laboratory and others described decreased natural killer cell cytotoxicity (NKCC) and elevated proportion of lymphocytes expressing the activation marker, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) also known as CD26. However, neither these assays nor other laboratory tests are widely accepted for the diagnosis or prognosis of CFS. This study sought to determine if NKCC or DPPIV/CD26 have diagnostic accuracy for CFS. METHODS/RESULTS Subjects included female and male CFS cases and healthy controls. NK cell function was measured with a bioassay, using K562 cells and (51)Cr release. Lymphocyte associated DPPIV/CD26 was assayed by qualitative and quantitative flow cytometry. Serum DPPIV/CD26 was measured by ELISA. Analysis by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve assessed biomarker potential. Cytotoxic function of NK cells for 176 CFS subjects was significantly lower than in the 230 controls. According to ROC analysis, NKCC was a good predictor of CFS status. There was no significant difference in NK cell counts between cases and controls. Percent CD2+ lymphocytes (T cells and NK cells) positive for DPPIV/C26 was elevated in CFS cases, but there was a decrease in the number of molecules (rMol) of DPPIV/C26 expressed on T cells and NK cells and a decrease in the soluble form of the enzyme in serum. Analyses by ROC curves indicated that all three measurements of DPPIV/CD26 demonstrated potential as biomarkers for CFS. None of the DPPIV/C26 assays were significantly correlated with NKCC. CONCLUSIONS By ROC analysis, NKCC and three methods of measuring DPPIV/C26 examined in this study had potential as biomarkers for CFS. Of these, NKCC, %CD2+CD26+ lymphocytes and rMol CD26/CD2+ lymphocyte, required flow cytometry, fresh blood and access to a high complexity laboratory. Soluble DPPIV/C26 in serum is done with a standard ELISA assay, or with other soluble factors in a multiplex type of ELISA. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV on lymphocytes or in serum was not predictive of NKCC suggesting that these should be considered as non-redundant biomarkers. Abnormalities in DPPIV/CD26 and in NK cell function have particular relevance to the possible role of infection in the initiation and/or the persistence of CFS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary A Fletcher
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|