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Zhong W, Zhao X, Zhang X, Xu Y, Liu M, Yang X, Jiang Y, Shen X. Advancements and trends in exosome research in lung cancer from a bibliometric analysis (2004-2023). Front Oncol 2024; 14:1358101. [PMID: 38690166 PMCID: PMC11058220 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1358101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer, characterized by its high morbidity and lethality, necessitates thorough research to enhance our understanding of its pathogenesis and discover novel therapeutic approaches. Recent studies increasingly demonstrate that lung cancer cells can modulate the tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor growth, and metastasis through the release of exosomes. Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by cells and contain a variety of bioactive molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites. This paper presents a comprehensive review of exosome research in lung cancer and its progress through bibliometric analysis. Methods Publications related to exosomes in lung cancer patients were systematically searched on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviwers, CiteSpace, and the R package "Bibliometrics". Publications were quantitatively analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2019. The language of publication was restricted to "English" and the search strategy employed TS=(exosomes or exosomes or exosomes) and TS=(lung cancer). The search period commenced on January 1, 2004, and concluded on November 12, 2023, at noon. The selected literature types included Articles and Reviews. Results The study encompassed 1699 papers from 521 journals across 71 countries and 2105 institutions. Analysis revealed a consistent upward trend in lung cancer exosome research over the years, with a notable surge in recent times. This surge indicates a growing interest and depth of inquiry into lung cancer exosomes. Major research institutions in China and the United States, including Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Chinese Academy Of Sciences, and Utmd Anderson Cancer Center, emerged as crucial research hubs. The annual publication count in this field witnessed a continuous rise, particularly in recent years. Key terms such as lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), microvesicles, intercellular communication, exosomal miRNAs, and oncology dominated the research landscape. Fields like cell biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, and oncology exhibited close relation with this research. Clotilde Théry emerged as the most cited author in the field, underlining her significant contributions. These results demonstrate the broad impact of exosome research in lung cancer, with key terms covering not only disease-specific aspects such as lung cancer and NSCLC but also basic biological concepts like microvesicles and intercellular communication. Explorations into exosomal microRNAs and oncology have opened new avenues for lung cancer exosome research. In summary, lung cancer exosome research is poised to continue receiving attention, potentially leading to breakthroughs in treatment and prevention. Conclusion Publications on lung cancer exosomes show a rising trend year by year, with China and the United States ranking first and second in terms of the number of publications. However, there is insufficient academic learning cooperation and exchanges between the two sides, and Chinese universities account for a large proportion of research institutions in this field. Jing Li is the most productive author, Clotilde Théry is the most co-cited author, and Cancers is the journal with the highest number of publications. The current focus in the field of lung cancer exosomes is on biomarkers, liquid biopsies, immunotherapy, and tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiabiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiwen Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Mengqian Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaozhu Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, China
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Khoushab S, Aghmiuni MH, Esfandiari N, Sarvandani MRR, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Entezari M, Hashemi M. Unlocking the potential of exosomes in cancer research: A paradigm shift in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155214. [PMID: 38430814 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, which are tiny particles released by cells, have the ability to transport various molecules, including proteins, lipids, and genetic material containing non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). They are associated with processes like cancer metastasis, immunity, and tissue repair. Clinical trials have shown exosomes to be effective in treating cancer, inflammation, and chronic diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are common sources of exosome production. Exosomes have therapeutic potential due to their ability to deliver cargo, modulate the immune system, and promote tissue regeneration. Bioengineered exosomes could revolutionize disease treatment. However, more research is needed to understand exosomes in tumor growth and develop new therapies. This paper provides an overview of exosome research, focusing on cancer and exosome-based therapies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and vaccines. It explores exosomes as a drug delivery system for cancer therapy, highlighting their advantages. The article discusses using exosomes for various therapeutic agents, including drugs, antigens, and RNAs. It also examines challenges with engineered exosomes. Analyzing exosomes for clinical purposes faces limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and purification. On the other hand, Nanotechnology offers solutions to overcome these challenges and unlock exosome potential in healthcare. Overall, the article emphasizes the potential of exosomes for personalized and targeted cancer therapy, while acknowledging the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloomeh Khoushab
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Hobabi Aghmiuni
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Esfandiari
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Rashidi
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Escate R, Padró T, Suades R, Sans-Roselló J, Devaux Y, Lakkisto P, Harjola VP, Sionis A, Badimon L. miR-619-5p and cardiogenic shock in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Eur J Clin Invest 2024:e14186. [PMID: 38376079 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a severe myocardial dysfunction secondary to various cardiac conditions including ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) and associated with a high risk of death. Little is known on epigenetic determinants in CS. Here, we investigated plasma miRNAs in relation to CS stratification in STEMI-patients. METHODS STEMI-patients (n = 49), with (CS, n = 25) and without CS (non-CS, n = 24) fulfilling inclusion criteria were included from HSCSP-cohort (Derivation-cohort). CS-miRNAs were analysed by Affymetrix-microarray and RT-PCR. Results were validated in a second cohort of CS-patients (CardShock: n = 35) with similar inclusion/exclusion criteria as the derivation cohort. In silico analysis were performed to identify potential miRNA target genes. RESULTS Of the 5-miRNA signature obtained from microarray analysis, miR-619-5p showed higher levels in CS than in Non-CS patients (p = .003) and discriminating power for CS by ROC (AUC: .752, p = .003). miR-619-5p directly associated with risk scores [GRACE, p = .001; CardShock, p < .001]. Furthermore, miR-619-5p showed discrimination power for death in CS. Thus, miRNA levels were significantly higher in patients with mortality outcome both in the Derivation HSCSP-cohort (p = .02; AUC: .78 ± .095) and the Validation CardShock-cohort (p = .017; AUC: .737 ± .086) By in silico analysis, miR-619-5p target genes and TNF-alpha were involved in the regulation of inflammation. miR-619-5p and TNF-alpha levels discriminated mortality outcome in CS-patients during 30-day follow-up (Validation-Cohort: ROC: .812, p = .002; HR: 9.99, p = .003). CONCLUSIONS Up-regulation of miR-619-5p is found in the plasma of STEMI-patients with CS and mortality outcome. These findings highlight the specificity of epigenetic regulation of inflammation on the disease severity of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Escate
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Suades
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Sans-Roselló
- Cardiology Department, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Päivi Lakkisto
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veli-Pekka Harjola
- Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Services and Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alessandro Sionis
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Acute and Intensive Cardiac Care Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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Kumar MA, Baba SK, Sadida HQ, Marzooqi SA, Jerobin J, Altemani FH, Algehainy N, Alanazi MA, Abou-Samra AB, Kumar R, Al-Shabeeb Akil AS, Macha MA, Mir R, Bhat AA. Extracellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:27. [PMID: 38311623 PMCID: PMC10838959 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized, membranous structures secreted into the extracellular space. They exhibit diverse sizes, contents, and surface markers and are ubiquitously released from cells under normal and pathological conditions. Human serum is a rich source of these EVs, though their isolation from serum proteins and non-EV lipid particles poses challenges. These vesicles transport various cellular components such as proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, DNA, and lipids across distances, influencing numerous physiological and pathological events, including those within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Their pivotal roles in cellular communication make EVs promising candidates for therapeutic agents, drug delivery systems, and disease biomarkers. Especially in cancer diagnostics, EV detection can pave the way for early identification and offers potential as diagnostic biomarkers. Moreover, various EV subtypes are emerging as targeted drug delivery tools, highlighting their potential clinical significance. The need for non-invasive biomarkers to monitor biological processes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes remains unfulfilled. Tapping into the unique composition of EVs could unlock advanced diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in the future. In this review, we discuss in detail the roles of EVs across various conditions, including cancers (encompassing head and neck, lung, gastric, breast, and hepatocellular carcinoma), neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, viral infections, autoimmune and renal diseases, emphasizing the potential advancements in molecular diagnostics and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir A Kumar
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Sadaf K Baba
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara Al Marzooqi
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jayakumar Jerobin
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Faisal H Altemani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseh Algehainy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Alanazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
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Su Z, Li W, Lei Z, Hu L, Wang S, Guo L. Regulation of Angiogenesis by Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer. Biomolecules 2024; 14:60. [PMID: 38254660 PMCID: PMC10813527 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have been identified as crucial regulators of various biological processes through epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation, and post-transcriptional regulation. Growing evidence suggests that dysregulation and activation of non-coding RNAs are closely associated with tumor angiogenesis, a process essential for tumor growth and metastasis and a major contributor to cancer-related mortality. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor angiogenesis is of utmost importance. Numerous studies have documented the involvement of different types of non-coding RNAs in the regulation of angiogenesis. This review provides an overview of how non-coding RNAs regulate tumor angiogenesis. Additionally, we discuss emerging strategies that exploit non-coding RNAs for anti-angiogenic therapy in cancer treatment. Ultimately, this review underscores the crucial role played by non-coding RNAs in tumor angiogenesis and highlights their potential as therapeutic targets for anti-angiogenic interventions against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyue Su
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wenshu Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhe Lei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shengjie Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Kangda College, Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang 222000, China
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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Liu X, Li R, Chen X, Yao J, Wang Q, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Qu Y. SYT7 is a key player in increasing exosome secretion and promoting angiogenesis in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 577:216400. [PMID: 37774826 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases. Our previous study confirmed that synaptotagmin 7 (SYT7) promoted NSCLC metastasis in vivo and in vitro. Studies have shown that SYT7 is an important regulatory molecule of exocytosis in various cells. However, the characteristics of SYT7 across cancers and the function of SYT7 in tumor exosome secretion remain unclear. In this study, we conducted systematic pancancer analyses of SYT7, namely, analyses of expression patterns, diagnostic and prognostic values, genetic alterations, methylation, immune infiltration, and potential biological pathways. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SYT7 increased the secretion of exosomes from A549 and H1299 cells, promoting the migration, proliferation, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Notably, SYT7 promoted angiogenesis by transferring exosomes containing the molecule centrosomal protein of 55 kDa (CEP55) protein to HUVECs. The CEP55 protein levels was downregulated in STAT1 inhibitor-treating SYT7-overexpresion NSCLC cells. We further found that SYT7 activated the mTOR signaling pathway through the downstream molecule CEP55, thereby promoting the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC cells. SYT7 promoted exosome secretion by NSCLC cells through upregulating syntaxin-1a and syntaxin-3. In vivo, SYT7 promoted the tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and metastasis of A549 cells through the exosome pathway. Our study is of great importance for understanding the mechanism of tumor exosome secretion and the role of exosomes in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingxiang Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinghong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Yiqing Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Huang X, Wang Z, Song M, Huan H, Cai Z, Wu B, Shen J, Zhou YL, Shi J. CircIQGAP1 regulates RCAN1 and RCAN2 through the mechanism of ceRNA and promotes the growth of malignant glioma. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106979. [PMID: 37918583 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is one of non-coding RNA with specific circular structure, which has been found to be involved in regulating a series of malignant biological behaviors in many malignant tumors. In this study, based on the IDH1 molecular typing of gliomas, we identified a significant downregulation of circRNA (circIQGAP1) expression in IDH1 mutant gliomas by high-throughput sequencing. In 79 tissue samples, we confirmed that circIQGAP1 expression was significantly downregulated in IDH1 mutant gliomas, and that low circIQGAP1 expression was positively associated with better prognosis. Knockdown of circIQGAP1 in glioma cell lines inhibited glioma cell malignancy and conversely overexpression of circIQGAP1 promoted glioma malignancy. circIQGAP1 regulated glioma cell migration, proliferation, invasion and apoptosis through miR-1256/RCAN1/Bax/Bcl-2/Caspase3 and miR-622/RCAN2/Bax/Bcl-2/Caspase3 axes. These results suggest that circIQGAP1 plays an important role in glioma development, promotes tumor growth, and is a potential therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ziheng Wang
- Clinical Biobank, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Mengruo Song
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng224000, China
| | - He Huan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Zishu Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jianhong Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - You Lang Zhou
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Jinlong Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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8
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Wang G, Ren Z, Zhao Y, Li Y. A nine-gene signature as prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer by bioinformatics analysis. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:3296-3306. [PMID: 37041435 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03180-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prognosis of advanced gastric cancer (GC) remains poor. It is urgent and necessary to find suitable prognostic markers. miR-619-5p is highly expressed in GC. However, the value of miR-619-5p and its target genes as prognostic biomarkers of GC is unclear. METHODS RT-PCR was performed to verify the expression of miR-619-5p in GC cell lines and their exosomes. Western blotting and transmission electron microscope were used to identify exosomes. The target genes of miR-619-5p were predicted by RNA22 and TargetScan. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and prognosis-related genes (PRGs) were obtained using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The DAVID database was used to analyse pathway enrichment and functional annotation of common target genes. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to screen key genes and visualize their functional modules. The survival analysis was conducted using TCGA and Kaplan-Meier Plotter (KMP) databases. Finally, a prognostic model was constructed on the foundation of the key genes to assess the reliability of the screening process. RESULTS The expression of miR-619-5p in GC cells and their exosomes was proved to be significantly higher than that in normal cell lines. There are 129 common target genes involved in 3 pathways and 28 functional annotations. Finally, nine key target genes of GC (BRCA1, RAD51, KIF11, ERCC6L, BRIP1, TIMELESS, CDC25A, CLSPN and NCAPG2) were identified, and a prognostic model was successfully constructed with a good predictive ability. CONCLUSIONS The model of 9-gene signature could effectively predict the prognosis of GC, and have great potential to be novel prognostic factors and therapeutic targets for patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumours of Gansu Province, The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Gate, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Zhijian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumours of Gansu Province, The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Gate, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumours of Gansu Province, The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Gate, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yumin Li
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumours of Gansu Province, The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Gate, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
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Martinez-Espinosa I, Serrato JA, Ortiz-Quintero B. The Role of Exosome-Derived microRNA on Lung Cancer Metastasis Progression. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1574. [PMID: 38002256 PMCID: PMC10669807 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mortality from lung cancer is mainly attributed to the presence of metastases at the time of diagnosis. Despite being the leading cause of lung cancer death, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving metastasis progression are still not fully understood. Recent studies suggest that tumor cell exosomes play a significant role in tumor progression through intercellular communication between tumor cells, the microenvironment, and distant organs. Furthermore, evidence shows that exosomes release biologically active components to distant sites and organs, which direct metastasis by preparing metastatic pre-niche and stimulating tumorigenesis. As a result, identifying the active components of exosome cargo has become a critical area of research in recent years. Among these components are microRNAs, which are associated with tumor progression and metastasis in lung cancer. Although research into exosome-derived microRNA (exosomal miRNAs) is still in its early stages, it holds promise as a potential target for lung cancer therapy. Understanding how exosomal microRNAs promote metastasis will provide evidence for developing new targeted treatments. This review summarizes current research on exosomal miRNAs' role in metastasis progression mechanisms, focusing on lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Blanca Ortiz-Quintero
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine and Translational Research, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City CP 14080, Mexico; (I.M.-E.); (J.A.S.)
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10
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Kim DH, Park H, Choi YJ, Im K, Lee CW, Kim DS, Pack CG, Kim HY, Choi CM, Lee JC, Ji W, Rho JK. Identification of exosomal microRNA panel as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for small cell lung cancer. Biomark Res 2023; 11:80. [PMID: 37705067 PMCID: PMC10500735 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has an exceptionally poor prognosis; as most of the cases are initially diagnosed as extensive disease with hematogenous metastasis. Therefore, the early diagnosis of SCLC is very important and may improve its prognosis. METHODS To investigate the feasibility of early diagnosis of SCLC, we examined exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) present in serum obtained from patients with SCLC. First, exosomes were isolated in serum from patients with SCLC and healthy individuals and were characterized using particle size and protein markers. Additionally, miRNA array was performed to define SCLC-specific exosomal miRNAs. Second, the obtained miRNAs were further validated employing a large cohort. Finally, the ability to diagnose SCLC was estimated by area under the curve (AUC), and intracellular mRNA change patterns were verified through validated miRNAs. RESULTS From the miRNA array results, we selected 51-miRNAs based on p-values and top 10 differentially expressed genes, and 25-miRNAs were validated using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The 25-miRNAs were further validated employing a large cohort. Among them, 7-miRNAs showed significant differences. Furthermore, 6-miRNAs (miR-3565, miR-3124-5p, miR-200b-3p, miR-6515, miR-3126-3p and miR-9-5p) were up-regulated and 1-miRNA (miR-92b-5p) was down-regulated. The AUC value of each miRNA sets between 0.64 and 0.76, however the combined application of 3-miRNAs (miR-200b-3p, miR-3124-5p and miR-92b-5p) remarkably improved the diagnostic value (AUC = 0.93). Gene ontology analysis revealed that the 3-miRNA panel is linked to various oncogene pathways and nervous system development. When the 3-miRNAs were introduced to cells, the resulting changes in total mRNA expression strongly indicated the presence of lung diseases, including lung cancer. In addition, the 3-miRNA panel was significantly associated with a poorer prognosis, although individual miRNAs have not been validated as prognostic markers. CONCLUSION Our study identified SCLC-specific exosomal miRNAs, and the 3-miRNAs panel (miR-200b-3p, miR-3124-5p and miR-92b-5p) may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ha Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, 05505, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyojeong Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, AMIST, 05505, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Jung Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, 05505, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungtaek Im
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, 05505, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chae Won Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, AMIST, 05505, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da-Som Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, AMIST, 05505, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chan-Gi Pack
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Yi Kim
- NGeneS Inc, Asan-Si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonary Critical and Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 05505, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 05505, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonjun Ji
- Department of Pulmonary Critical and Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - Jin Kyung Rho
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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11
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Liu D, Yao L, Ding X, Zhou H. Multi-omics immune regulatory mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma metastasis and survival time. Comput Biol Med 2023; 164:107333. [PMID: 37586202 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of lung cancer. Despite previous research on immune mechanisms and related molecules in LUAD, the specific regulatory mechanisms of these molecules in the immune microenvironment remain unclear. Furthermore, the impact of regulatory genes or RNA on LUAD metastasis and survival time is yet to be understood. To address these gaps, we collected a substantial amount of data, including 17,226 gene expression profiles from 1,018 samples, 370,640 methylation sites from 461 samples, and 248 miRNAs from 513 samples. Our aim was to explore the genes, miRNAs, and methylation sites associated with LUAD progression. Leveraging the regulatory functions of miRNAs and methylation sites, we identified target and regulated genes. Through the utilization of LASSO and survival analysis, we pinpointed 22 key genes that play pivotal roles in the immune regulatory mechanism of LUAD. Notably, the expression levels of these 22 genes demonstrated significant discriminatory power in predicting LUAD patient survival time. Additionally, our deep learning model accurately predicted distant metastasis in LUAD patients using the expression levels of these genes. Further pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these 22 genes are significantly enriched in pathways closely linked to LUAD progression. Through Immune Infiltration Assay, we observed that T cell CD4 memory resting, monocytes, and macrophages.M2 were the three most abundant cell types in the immune microenvironment of LUAD. These cells are known to play crucial roles in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Single-cell data analysis further validated the functional significance of these genes, indicating their involvement not only in immune cells but also in epithelial cells, showcasing significant differential expression. Overall, this study sheds light on the regulatory mechanisms underlying the immune microenvironment of LUAD by identifying key genes associated with LUAD progression. The findings provide insights into potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lulu Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaolei Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Huan Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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12
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Nail HM, Chiu CC, Leung CH, Ahmed MMM, Wang HMD. Exosomal miRNA-mediated intercellular communications and immunomodulatory effects in tumor microenvironments. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:69. [PMID: 37605155 PMCID: PMC10440907 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00964-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular communication, in other words, crosstalk between cells, has a pivotal role in the survival of an organism. This communication occurs by different methods, one of which is extracellular vesicles. Exosomes, which are small lipid extracellular vesicles, have recently been discovered to have a role in signal transduction between cells inside the body. These vesicles contain important bioactive molecules including lipids, proteins, DNA, mRNA, and noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs). Exosomes are secreted by all cells including immune cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, granulocytes, dendritic cells, mast cells) and tumor cells. The tumor microenvironment (TME) represents a complex network that supports the growth of tumor cells. This microenvironment encompasses tumor cells themselves, the extracellular matrix, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, blood vessels, immune cells, and non-cellular components such as exosomes and cytokines. This review aims to provide insights into the latest discoveries concerning how the immune system communicates internally and with other cell types, with a specific focus on research involving exosomal miRNAs in macrophages, dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, and T lymphocytes. Additionally, we will explore the role of exosomal miRNA in the TME and the immunomodulatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howida M Nail
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City, 402, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao, China
| | - Mahmoud M M Ahmed
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 404, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City, 402, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City, 404, Taiwan.
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13
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Duan SL, Fu WJ, Jiang YK, Peng LS, Ousmane D, Zhang ZJ, Wang JP. Emerging role of exosome-derived non-coding RNAs in tumor-associated angiogenesis of tumor microenvironment. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1220193. [PMID: 37602326 PMCID: PMC10436220 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1220193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an intricate ecosystem that is actively involved in various stages of cancer occurrence and development. Some characteristics of tumor biological behavior, such as proliferation, migration, invasion, inhibition of apoptosis, immune escape, angiogenesis, and metabolic reprogramming, are affected by TME. Studies have shown that non-coding RNAs, especially long-chain non-coding RNAs and microRNAs in cancer-derived exosomes, facilitate intercellular communication as a mechanism for regulating angiogenesis. They stimulate tumor growth, as well as angiogenesis, metastasis, and reprogramming of the TME. Exploring the relationship between exogenous non-coding RNAs and tumor-associated endothelial cells, as well as their role in angiogenesis, clinicians will gain new insights into treatment as a result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Li Duan
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-Jie Fu
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying-Ke Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu-Shan Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Diabate Ousmane
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhe-Jia Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun-Pu Wang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Feng L, Feng Z, Hu J, Gao J, Li A, He X, Liu L, Shen Z. Identification of hsa-miR-619-5p and hsa-miR-4454 in plasma-derived exosomes as a potential biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2023; 14:1138230. [PMID: 37252659 PMCID: PMC10213947 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1138230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer has long been at the forefront of all cancers in terms of incidence and mortality. Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for 40% of all lung cancer types. Exosomes can act as biomarkers of tumors and thus play an important role. Methods: In this article, high-throughput sequencing of miRNAs in plasma exosomes from lung adenocarcinoma patients and healthy individuals was performed to obtain 87 upregulated miRNAs, which were then combined with data from the GSE137140 database uploaded by others for screening. The database included 1566 preoperative lung cancer patients, 180 postoperative patients, and 1774 non-cancerous controls. We overlapped the miRNAs upregulated in the serum of lung cancer patients in the database relative to those of non-cancer controls and post-operative patients with the upregulated miRNAs obtained from our next-generation sequencing to obtain nine miRNAs. Two miRNAs that were not reported as tumor markers in lung cancer, hsa-miR-4454 and hsa-miR-619-5p, were selected from them and then validated by qRT-PCR, and further analysis of miRNAs was performed using bioinformatics. Results: Real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression levels of hsa-miR-4454 and hsa-miR-619-5p in plasma exosomes of patients with lung adenocarcinoma were significantly up-regulated. The AUC values of hsa-miR-619-5p and hsa-miR-4454 were 0.906 and 0.975, respectively, both greater than 0.5, showing good performance. The target genes of miRNAs were screened by bioinformatics methods, and the regulatory network between miRNAs and lncRNAs and mRNAs was studied. Discussion: Our work demonstrated that hsa-miR-4454 and hsa-miR-619-5p have the potential to be used as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiang Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zian Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiahui Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zuojun Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
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15
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Fosu K, Quarshie JT, Sarpong KAN, Aikins AR. Inverse Comorbidity between Down Syndrome and Solid Tumors: Insights from In Silico Analyses of Down Syndrome Critical Region Genes. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:800. [PMID: 37107558 PMCID: PMC10137705 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An inverse comorbidity has been observed between Down syndrome (DS) and solid tumors such as breast and lung cancers, and it is posited that the overexpression of genes within the Down Syndrome Critical Region (DSCR) of human chromosome 21 may account for this phenomenon. By analyzing publicly available DS mouse model transcriptomics data, we aimed to identify DSCR genes that may protect against human breast and lung cancers. Gene expression analyses with GEPIA2 and UALCAN showed that DSCR genes ETS2 and RCAN1 are significantly downregulated in breast and lung cancers, and their expression levels are higher in triple-negative compared to luminal and HER2-positive breast cancers. KM Plotter showed that low levels of ETS2 and RCAN1 are associated with poor survival outcomes in breast and lung cancers. Correlation analyses using OncoDB revealed that both genes are positively correlated in breast and lung cancers, suggesting that they are co-expressed and perhaps have complementary functions. Functional enrichment analyses using LinkedOmics also demonstrated that ETS2 and RCAN1 expression correlates with T-cell receptor signaling, regulation of immunological synapses, TGF-β signaling, EGFR signaling, IFN-γ signaling, TNF signaling, angiogenesis, and the p53 pathway. Altogether, ETS2 and RCAN1 may be essential for the development of breast and lung cancers. Experimental validation of their biological functions may further unravel their roles in DS and breast and lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwadwo Fosu
- Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 54, Ghana
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 54, Ghana
| | - Jude Tetteh Quarshie
- Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 54, Ghana
| | - Kwabena Amofa Nketia Sarpong
- Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 54, Ghana
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 54, Ghana
| | - Anastasia Rosebud Aikins
- Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 54, Ghana
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 54, Ghana
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16
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Luo Y, Ye J, Deng Y, Huang Y, Liu X, He Q, Chen Y, Li Q, Lin Y, Liang R, Li Y, Wei J, Zhang J. The miRNA-185-5p/STIM1 Axis Regulates the Invasiveness of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Lines by Modulating EGFR Activation-Stimulated Switch from E- to N-Cadherin. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020818. [PMID: 36677874 PMCID: PMC9864293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Distant metastasis remains the primary cause of treatment failure and suggests a poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical cellular process for initiating a tumor invasion and remote metastasis. Our previous study showed that the blockage of the stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1)-mediated Ca2+ signaling blunts the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-promoted cell migration and inhibits the dissemination and lymphatic metastasis of NPC cells. However, the upstream signaling pathway that regulates the STIM1 expression remains unknown. In this follow-up study, we demonstrated that the miRNA-185-5p/STIM1 axis is implicated in the regulation of the metastatic potential of 5-8F cells, a highly invasive NPC cell line. We demonstrate that the knockdown of STIM1 attenuates the migration ability of 5-8F cells by inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation-induced switch from E- to N-cadherin in vitro. In addition, the STIM1 knockdown inhibited the locoregional lymphatic invasion of the 5-8F cells in mice. Furthermore, we identified miRNA-185-5p as an upstream regulator that negatively regulates the expression of STIM1. Our findings suggest that the miRNA-185-5p/STIM1 axis regulates the invasiveness of NPC cell lines by affecting the EGFR activation-modulated cell adhesiveness. The miRNA-185-5p/STIM1 axis may serve as a potentially effective therapeutic target for the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jiaxiang Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yayan Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yujuan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qian He
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qiuyun Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Rong Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jiazhang Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
- Institute of Oncology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (J.Z.)
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17
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Shahverdi M, Darvish M. Exosomal microRNAs: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Small Bio-molecule in Esophageal Cancer. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:312-323. [PMID: 35319366 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220321125134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related death worldwide. EC is usually diagnosed at a late stage, and despite aggressive therapy, the five-year survival rate of patients remains poor. Exosomes play important roles in cancer biology. Indeed, exosomes are implicated in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, and invasion. They contain bioactive molecules such as lipids, proteins, and non-coding RNAs. Exosome research has recently concentrated on microRNAs, which are tiny noncoding endogenous RNAs that can alter gene expression and are linked to nearly all physiological and pathological processes, including cancer. It is suggested that deregulation of miRNAs results in cancer progression and directly induces tumor initiation. In esophageal cancer, miRNA dysregulation plays an important role in cancer prognosis and patients' responsiveness to therapy, indicating that miRNAs are important in tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the impact of exosomal miRNAs on esophageal cancer pathogenesis and their potential applications for EC diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Shahverdi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Maryam Darvish
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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18
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Ebrahimi N, Faghihkhorasani F, Fakhr SS, Moghaddam PR, Yazdani E, Kheradmand Z, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Adelian S, Mobarak H, Hamblin MR, Aref AR. Tumor-derived exosomal non-coding RNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:572. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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19
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Khan N, Umar MS, Haq M, Rauf T, Zubair S, Owais M. Exosome-encapsulated ncRNAs: Emerging yin and yang of tumor hallmarks. Front Genet 2022; 13:1022734. [PMID: 36338993 PMCID: PMC9632295 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1022734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a multifaceted process, where multiple physiological traits serving as cancer’s distinctive characteristics are acquired. “Hallmarks of cancer” is a set of cognitive abilities acquired by human cells that are pivotal to their tumor-forming potential. With limited or no protein-coding ability, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) interact with their target molecules and yield significant regulatory effects on several cell cycle processes. They play a “yin” and “yang” role, thereby functioning both as oncogenic and tumor suppressor and considered important in the management of various types of cancer entities. ncRNAs serve as important post-transcriptional and translational regulators of not only unrestricted expansion and metastasis of tumor cells but also of various biological processes, such as genomic mutation, DNA damage, immune escape, and metabolic disorder. Dynamical attributes such as increased proliferative signaling, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition are considered to be significant determinants of tumor malignancy, metastatic dissemination, and therapeutic resistance. Furthermore, these biological attributes engage tumor cells with immune cells within the tumor microenvironment to promote tumor formation. We elaborate the interaction of ncRNAs with various factors in order to regulate cancer intra/intercellular signaling in a specific tumor microenvironment, which facilitates the cancer cells in acquiring malignant hallmarks. Exosomes represent a means of intercellular communication and participate in the maintenance of the tumor hallmarks, adding depth to the intricate, multifactorial character of malignant neoplasia. To summarize, ncRNAs have a profound impact on tumors, affecting their microcirculation, invasiveness, altered metabolism, microenvironment, and the capacity to modify the host immunological environment. Though the significance of ncRNAs in crosstalk between the tumor and its microenvironment is being extensively explored, we intend to review the hallmarks in the light of exosome-derived non-coding RNAs and their impact on the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazoora Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohd Saad Umar
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohamed Haq
- University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Talha Rauf
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Swaleha Zubair
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Owais,
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20
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Wang D, Zhang W, Zhang C, Wang L, Chen H, Xu J. Exosomal non-coding RNAs have a significant effect on tumor metastasis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:16-35. [PMID: 35784014 PMCID: PMC9207556 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are produced by the majority of eukaryotic cells and are capable of transporting a variety of substances, including non-coding RNAs, between cells. Metastasis is a significant cause of death from cancer. Numerous studies have established an important role for exosomal non-coding RNAs in tumor metastasis. Exosomal non-coding RNAs from a variety of cells have been shown to affect tumor metastasis via several mechanisms. Exosomes transmit non-coding RNAs between tumor cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. Exosomal non-coding RNAs also have an effect on epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. Exosomes derived from tumor cells have the ability to transport non-coding RNAs to distant organs, thereby facilitating the formation of the metastatic niche. Due to their role in tumor metastasis, exosomal non-coding RNAs have the potential to serve as diagnostic or prognostic markers as well as therapeutic targets for tumors. The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss the mechanisms of exosomal non-coding RNAs, their role in tumor metastasis, and their clinical utility, aiming to establish new directions for tumor metastasis, diagnosis, and treatment research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Chunxi Zhang
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Wang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Heng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China
- Corresponding author Heng Chen, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China.
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
- Corresponding author Jianbin Xu, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.
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21
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Liao Y, Wu X, Wu M, Fang Y, Li J, Tang W. Non-coding RNAs in lung cancer: emerging regulators of angiogenesis. J Transl Med 2022; 20:349. [PMID: 35918758 PMCID: PMC9344752 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second cancer and the leading cause of tumor-related mortality worldwide. Angiogenesis is a crucial hallmark of cancer development and a promising target in lung cancer. However, the anti-angiogenic drugs currently used in the clinic do not achieve long-term efficacy and are accompanied by severe adverse reactions. Therefore, the development of novel anti-angiogenic therapeutic approaches for lung cancer is urgently needed. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in multiple biological processes in cancers, including tumor angiogenesis. Many studies have demonstrated that ncRNAs play crucial roles in tumor angiogenesis. This review discusses the regulatory functions of different ncRNAs in lung cancer angiogenesis, focusing on the downstream targets and signaling pathways regulated by these ncRNAs. Additionally, given the recent trend towards utilizing ncRNAs as cancer therapeutics, we also discuss the tremendous potential applications of ncRNAs as biomarkers or novel anti-angiogenic tools in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Liao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410035, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Wu
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Organ Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiqiang Tang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Construction of a miRNA-mRNA Network Related to Exosomes in Colon Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:2192001. [PMID: 35845138 PMCID: PMC9277152 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2192001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The competing endogenous RNA (CeRNA) network plays important roles in the occurrence and development of colon cancer. This research is aimed at constructing a miRNA-mRNA network associated with exosomes in colon cancer. Methods We explored the GEO database and then analyzed the RNAs of 722 samples to obtain differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and mRNAs (DEGs) alongside the progress of colon cancer. Next, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of DEM target genes and DEGs were performed. In addition, a miRNA-mRNA network related to exosomes in colon cancer was constructed based on DEMs and DEGs. Finally, the expression of miRNA and mRNA in the network was verified by GEPIA2 on the base of TCGA database. Results Through our analysis, 19 DEMs (17 up and 2 down) and 1672 DEGs (954 up and 718 down) were screened. The GO and KEGG results show that these DEGs were mainly enriched in ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis, noncoding RNA metabolic process, cell-substrate junction, cadherin binding, transcription coregulator activity, and regulation of the human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection-related pathway. Besides, a miRNA-mRNA network, including 4 miRNAs (hsa-miR-623, hsa-miR-320c, hsa-miR-486-5p, and hsa-miR-1290) and 7 mRNAs (GNAI1, CADM1, PGRMC2, etc.), was constructed. Three of these seven mRNAs were downregulated in colon cancer. Ultimately, the GNAI1, CADM1, and PGRMC2 expression levels were verified by TCGA database. Conclusions This study reveals the network relationship between colon cancer exosome-derived miRNA and targeted mRNA. It deepens our understanding of new molecular mechanisms and pathways that may play a role in the occurrence and metastasis of colon cancer.
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23
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MiRNAs in Lung Cancer: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Potential. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071610. [PMID: 35885514 PMCID: PMC9322918 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the dominant emerging factor in cancer-related mortality around the globe. Therapeutic interventions for lung cancer are not up to par, mainly due to reoccurrence/relapse, chemoresistance, and late diagnosis. People are currently interested in miRNAs, which are small double-stranded (20–24 ribonucleotides) structures that regulate molecular targets (tumor suppressors, oncogenes) involved in tumorigeneses such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and angiogenesis via post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA. Many studies suggest the emerging role of miRNAs in lung cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics. Therefore, it is necessary to intensely explore the miRNOME expression of lung tumors and the development of anti-cancer strategies. The current review focuses on the therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic potential of numerous miRNAs in lung cancer.
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24
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Lao M, Zhang X, Yang H, Bai X, Liang T. RCAN1-mediated calcineurin inhibition as a target for cancer therapy. Mol Med 2022; 28:69. [PMID: 35717152 PMCID: PMC9206313 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1), as a patent endogenous inhibitor of calcineurin, plays crucial roles in the pathogenesis of cancers. Except for hypopharyngeal and laryngopharynx cancer, high expression of RCAN1 inhibits tumor progression. Molecular antitumor functions of RCAN1 are largely dependent on calcineurin. In this review, we highlight current research on RCAN1 characteristics, and the interaction between RCAN1 and calcineurin. Moreover, the dysregulation of RCAN1 in various cancers is reviewed, and the potential of targeting RCAN1 as a new therapeutic approach is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Lao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanshen Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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25
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Wu Y, Niu D, Deng S, Lei X, Xie Z, Yang X. Tumor-derived or non-tumor-derived exosomal noncodingRNAs and signaling pathways in tumor microenvironment. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108626. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Ye D, Gong M, Deng Y, Fang S, Cao Y, Xiang Y, Shen Z. Roles and clinical application of exosomal circRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. J Transl Med 2022; 20:161. [PMID: 35382838 PMCID: PMC8981684 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are microvesicles secreted by cells. They contain a variety of bioactive substances with important roles in intercellular communication. Circular RNA (circRNA), a type of nucleic acid molecule found in exosomes, forms a covalently bonded closed loop without 5′ caps or 3′ poly(A) tails. It is structurally stable, widely distributed, and tissue specific. CircRNAs mainly act as microRNA sponges and have important regulatory roles in gene expression; they are superior to other non-coding RNAs as molecular diagnostic markers and drug treatment targets. Exosomal-derived circRNAs in the body fluids of tumor patients can modulate tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. They can be used as effective biomarkers for early non-invasive diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of tumors, and also represent ideal targets for early precision therapeutic intervention. This review provides a theoretical basis for exploring the applications of exosomal circRNAs in malignant tumor diagnosis and treatment. We describe the biological functions of exosomal circRNAs in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, their potential utility in diagnosis and treatment, and possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujie Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhen Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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27
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Yu F, Lin Y, Tan G, Ai M, Gong H, Liu W, Huang J, Zou Z. Tumor-derived exosomal microRNA-15b-5p augments laryngeal cancer by targeting TXNIP. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:730-740. [PMID: 35156506 PMCID: PMC8973331 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.2022845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (EXO) are information carriers of microRNA (miR) in cancer development. Here, we explored the synergism of tumor-derived EXO and miR-15b-5p in laryngeal cancer (LCa). miR-15b-5p and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) levels were firstly measured in clinical LCa tissues. The association between miR-15b-5p and TXNIP was determined. miR-15b-5p mimic was transfected into HEP-2 cells, and the corresponding exosomes were extracted. miR-15b-5p mimic-modified EXO were co-cultured with HEP-2 cells, and TXNIP low expression/high expression vector was transfected into HEP-2 cells Finally, cell growth was observed in vitro and in vivo. miR-15b-5p level was high while TXNIP level was low in LCa, and miR-15b-5p negatively modulated TXNIP expression. HEP-2 cells-derived EXO or inhibition of TXNIP enhanced HEP-2 cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Up-regulated miR-15b-5p further strengthened the pro-tumor effect of EXO, but this effect was reversed by overexpression of TXNIP. Overall, tumor-derived exosomal miR-15b-5p augments LCa through targeting down-regulation of TXNIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,CONTACT Feng Yu Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Jinan University, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital,No. 396 Tongfu Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province510220, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guojie Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Twelfth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maomao Ai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huicheng Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Twelfth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Twelfth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zirou Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Xu L, Huang X, Lou Y, Xie W, Zhao H. Regulation of apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis by non‑coding RNAs in metastatic non‑small cell lung cancer (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:352. [PMID: 35493430 PMCID: PMC9019694 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a common type of cancer worldwide, is normally associated with a poor prognosis. It is difficult to treat successfully as it often metastasizes into brain or bone. Methods to facilitate the induction of effective programmed cell death (PCD) in NSCLC cells to reverse drug resistance, or to inhibit the invasion and migration of NSCLC cells, are currently under investigation. The present study summarized the regulatory functions of PCD, including apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis, in the context of NSCLC metastasis. It further summarized how regulatory agents, including long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs and microRNAs, regulate PCD during the metastasis of NSCLC and characterized new potential diagnostic biomarkers of NSCLC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, P.R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lou
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Spine Tumor Center, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, P.R. China
| | - Hangyu Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, P.R. China
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29
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Emerging function and clinical significance of extracellular vesicle noncoding RNAs in lung cancer. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:814-833. [PMID: 35317517 PMCID: PMC8908047 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is a commonly diagnosed cancer with an unsatisfactory prognosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-delimited particles that mediate cell-cell communication by transporting various biomacromolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, circular RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs, are important noncoding transcripts that play critical roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially in cancer. ncRNAs have been verified to be packaged into EVs and transported between LC cells and stromal cells, regulating multiple LC malignant phenotypes, such as proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, and treatment resistance. Additionally, EVs can be detected in various body fluids and are associated with the stage, grade, and metastasis of LC. Herein, we summarize the biological characteristics and functions of EV ncRNAs in the biological processes of LC, focusing on their potential to serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of LC as well as their probable role in the clinical treatment of LC. EV ncRNAs provide a new perspective for understanding the mechanism underlying LC pathogenesis and development, which might benefit numerous LC patients in the future.
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30
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Yang W, Tan S, Yang L, Chen X, Yang R, Oyang L, Lin J, Xia L, Wu N, Han Y, Tang Y, Su M, Luo X, Yang Y, Huang L, Hu Z, Tao Y, Liu L, Jin Y, Wang H, Liao Q, Zhou Y. Exosomal miR-205-5p enhances angiogenesis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis by targeting desmocollin-2. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:612-623. [PMID: 35284624 PMCID: PMC8892032 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether and how exosomal miR-205-5p regulated angiogenesis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) metastasis. We found that up-regulated serum exosomal miR-205-5p levels were associated with NPC progression and worse overall survival of NPC patients. miR-205-5p over-expression significantly increased tube formation, wound healing, migration and invasion of NPC cells, and lung metastasis of NPC tumors, whereas miR-205-5p inhibition had opposite effects. Exosomal miR-205-5p from NPC cells promoted the migration, tube formation, and microvessel density (MVD) of HUVECs in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, bioinformatics-, luciferase reporter-, and biotinylated miR-205-5p-based pull-down assays indicated that miR-205-5p directly bound to the 3′ UTR of desmocollin-2 (DSC2). Exosomal miR-205-5p targeted DSC2 to enhance the EGFR/ERK signaling and MMP2/MMP9 expression, promoting angiogenesis and NPC metastasis, which was abrogated by DSC2 over-expression. Finally, the levels of miR-205-5p transcripts were positively correlated with MVD but negatively with DSC2 expression in NPC tissues, and patients with miR-205high/DSC2low NPC had worse overall survival. In conclusion, exosomal miR-205-5p promotes angiogenesis and NPC metastasis by targeting DSC2 to enhance EGFR/ERK signaling and MMP expression. This exosomal/miR-205-5p/EGFR/ERK axis may be a new therapeutic target for intervention of NPC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shiming Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, West Changsheng Road, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ruiqian Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, West Changsheng Road, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Linda Oyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jinguan Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Longzheng Xia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Nayiyuan Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqian Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Min Su
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yiqing Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lisheng Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zifan Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Tao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
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31
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Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs derived from serum exosomes associated with gastric cancer by microarray analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 531:25-35. [PMID: 35300960 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) in serum exosomes between gastric cancer (GC) patients and healthy people to provide new targets for GC diagnosis and treatment. METHODS DEMs in serum exosomes were screened by microarray analysis and verified by RT-qPCR. The target genes of DEMs were predicted using Targetscan and miRTarBase databases and then overlapped with the DEGs of STAD in TCGA database to obtain the common target genes. Biological function and pathway enrichment were analyzed using enrichr database, and a PPI network was constructed using STRING database. The potential target genes of DEMs were identified using the MCODE and cytoHubba plug-ins of Cytoscape software. Survival analysis were conducted using KMP and TCGA databases. The DEMs -target genes-pathways network was established using Cytoscape software. A Cox proportional hazards regression model formed by optimal target genes was used to access the reliability of this prediction process. RESULTS Three serum exosomal microRNAs (exo-miRNAs, has-miR-1273 g-3p, has-miR-4793-3p, has-miR-619-5p) were identified to be highly expressed in GC patients and performed excellent diagnostic ability. A total of 179 common target genes related to GC were predicted. They were mainly involved in 79 GO functional annotations and 6 KEGG pathways. The prognostic model formed by eight optimal target genes (TIMELESS, DNA2, MELK, CHAF1B, DBF4, PAICS, CHEK1 and NCAPG2), which were low-risk genes of GC, also performed perfect prognostic ability. CONCLUSIONS Serum exosomal has-miR-1273 g-3p, has-miR-4793-3p and has-miR-619-5p can be used as new diagnostic biomarkers for GC. Among them, serum exosomal hsa-miR-1273 g-3p / hsa-miR-4793-3p targets MELK and hsa-miR-619-5p targets NCAPG2 were identified as novel mechanisms involved in the development of GC. It provides new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of GC by exo-miRNAs.
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Hu M, Li J, Liu CG, Goh RMWJ, Yu F, Ma Z, Wang L. Noncoding RNAs of Extracellular Vesicles in Tumor Angiogenesis: From Biological Functions to Clinical Significance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060947. [PMID: 35326397 PMCID: PMC8946542 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as multifunctional regulators of intercellular communication and are involved in diverse tumor phenotypes, including tumor angiogenesis, which is a highly regulated multi-step process for the formation of new blood vessels that contribute to tumor proliferation. EVs induce malignant transformation of distinct cells by transferring DNAs, proteins, lipids, and RNAs, including noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). However, the functional relevance of EV-derived ncRNAs in tumor angiogenesis remains to be elucidated. In this review, we summarized current research progress on the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of EV-derived ncRNAs in tumor angiogenesis in various cancers. In addition, we comprehensively discussed the potential applications of EV-derived ncRNAs as cancer biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets to tailor anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China; (M.H.); (C.-G.L.)
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Chen-Guang Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China; (M.H.); (C.-G.L.)
| | | | - Fenggang Yu
- Institute of Life Science, Yinfeng Biological Group, Jinan 250000, China;
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China; (M.H.); (C.-G.L.)
- Correspondence: (Z.M.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-15972188216 (Z.M.); +65-65168925 (L.W.)
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Correspondence: (Z.M.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-15972188216 (Z.M.); +65-65168925 (L.W.)
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33
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Yang K, Zhou Q, Qiao B, Shao B, Hu S, Wang G, Yuan W, Sun Z. Exosome-derived noncoding RNAs: Function, mechanism, and application in tumor angiogenesis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:983-997. [PMID: 35317280 PMCID: PMC8905256 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by various cell types that perform various biological functions, mainly mediating communication between different cells, especially those active in cancer. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), of which there are many types, were recently identified as enriched and stable in the exocrine region and play various roles in the occurrence and progression of cancer. Abnormal angiogenesis has been confirmed to be related to human cancer. An increasing number of studies have shown that exosome-derived ncRNAs play an important role in tumor angiogenesis. In this review, we briefly outline the characteristics of exosomes, ncRNAs, and tumor angiogenesis. Then, the mechanism of the impact of exosome-derived ncRNAs on tumor angiogenesis is analyzed from various angles. In addition, we focus on the regulatory role of exosome-derived ncRNAs in angiogenesis in different types of cancer. Furthermore, we emphasize the potential role of exosome-derived ncRNAs as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis and therapeutic targets in the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Quanbo Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Bingbing Qiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Bo Shao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shengyun Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Guixian Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Weitang Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
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34
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Kumar VS, Anjali K. Tumour generated exosomal miRNAs: A major player in tumour angiogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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35
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Qian W, Li G. Extracellular Vesicles from Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Promote Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a prerequisite for tumor development and metastasis. Emerging evidence shows that tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an important component of tumor microenvironment, which participate in the communication between normal cells and tumor cells. In this study,
we aimed to investigate the role of EVs derived from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) on tumor angiogenesis. We found that ESCC cell-derived EVs promoted the proliferation, migration, and tubule formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro, and enhanced angiogenesis
and tumor growth in vivo. Our results suggest that ESCC cell-derived EVs could promote angio-genesis and tumor growth, which also indicated the application of EVs as a valuable therapeutic strategy of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Qian
- Department of Pediatrics, Jintan Hospital, Jiangsu University, Jintan, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213200, P. R. China
| | - Guomin Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jintan Hospital, Jiangsu University, Jintan, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213200, P. R. China
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36
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Zhu W, Sheng D, Shao Y, Zhang Q, Peng Y. STAT3-regulated LncRNA LINC00160 mediates cell proliferation and cell metabolism of prostate cancer cells by repressing RCAN1 expression. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:865-875. [PMID: 35067783 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) LINC00160 was reported to be associated with cancer progression and mediates drug resistance. However, the role of LINC00160 in prostate cancer remains unclear. The study sought to study the function of LINC00160 in prostate cancer. Moreover, the potential mechanism was investigated. Silence of LINC00160 inhibited proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, retarded the glycolysis of prostate cancer cells. By acting as a transcription activator, STAT3 induced LINC00160 expression, which regulated RCAN1 transcription epigenetically via binding to EZH2. Mechanically, LINC00160 mediated prostate cell proliferation and metabolism by repressing RCAN1 expression. In summary, LINC00160 may function as the novel marker for prostate cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhu
- Department of Urology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Dongya Sheng
- Department of Urology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yiqun Shao
- Department of Urology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Department of Urology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
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37
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Huang M, Lei Y, Zhong Y, Chung C, Wang M, Hu M, Deng L. New Insights Into the Regulatory Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Tumor Angiogenesis and Their Clinical Implications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:791882. [PMID: 34966744 PMCID: PMC8710745 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.791882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is required for tumor growth and development. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important signaling entities that mediate communication between diverse types of cells and regulate various cell biological processes, including angiogenesis. Recently, emerging evidence has suggested that tumor-derived EVs play essential roles in tumor progression by regulating angiogenesis. Thousands of molecules are carried by EVs, and the two major types of biomolecules, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and proteins, are transported between cells and regulate physiological and pathological functions in recipient cells. Understanding the regulation of EVs and their cargoes in tumor angiogenesis has become increasingly important. In this review, we summarize the effects of tumor-derived EVs and their cargoes, especially ncRNAs and proteins, on tumor angiogenesis and their mechanisms, and we highlight the clinical implications of EVs in bodily fluids as biomarkers and as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohua Huang
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhe Lei
- Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yinqin Zhong
- Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chiwing Chung
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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38
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Soltész B, Buglyó G, Németh N, Szilágyi M, Pös O, Szemes T, Balogh I, Nagy B. The Role of Exosomes in Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010008. [PMID: 35008434 PMCID: PMC8744561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection, characterization and monitoring of cancer are possible by using extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from non-invasively obtained liquid biopsy samples. They play a role in intercellular communication contributing to cell growth, differentiation and survival, thereby affecting the formation of tumor microenvironments and causing metastases. EVs were discovered more than seventy years ago. They have been tested recently as tools of drug delivery to treat cancer. Here we give a brief review on extracellular vesicles, exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. Exosomes play an important role by carrying extracellular nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) in cell-to-cell communication causing tumor and metastasis development. We discuss the role of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of cancer and their practical application in the early diagnosis, follow up, and next-generation treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Soltész
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.B.); (N.N.); (M.S.); (I.B.); (B.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52416531
| | - Gergely Buglyó
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.B.); (N.N.); (M.S.); (I.B.); (B.N.)
| | - Nikolett Németh
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.B.); (N.N.); (M.S.); (I.B.); (B.N.)
| | - Melinda Szilágyi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.B.); (N.N.); (M.S.); (I.B.); (B.N.)
| | - Ondrej Pös
- Geneton Ltd., 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (O.P.); (T.S.)
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Szemes
- Geneton Ltd., 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (O.P.); (T.S.)
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - István Balogh
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.B.); (N.N.); (M.S.); (I.B.); (B.N.)
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bálint Nagy
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.B.); (N.N.); (M.S.); (I.B.); (B.N.)
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Rizwan MN, Ma Y, Nenkov M, Jin L, Schröder DC, Westermann M, Gaßler N, Chen Y. Tumor-derived exosomes: Key players in non-small cell lung cancer metastasis and their implication for targeted therapy. Mol Carcinog 2021; 61:269-280. [PMID: 34897815 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes represent extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin ranging from 30 to 100 nm that are released by most of eukaryotic cells and can be found in body fluids. These vesicles in carrying DNA, RNA, microRNA (miRNA), Long noncoding RNA, proteins, and lipids serve as intercellular communicators. Due to their role in crosstalk between tumor cells and mesenchymal stroma cells, they are vital for tumor growth, progression, and anticancer drug resistance. Lung cancer is a global leading cause of cancer-related deaths with 5-year survival rates of about 7% in patients with distant metastasis. Although the implementation of targeted therapy has improved the clinical outcome of nonsmall cell lung cancer, drug resistance remains a major obstacle. Lung tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) conveying molecular information from tumor cells to their neighbor cells or cells at distant sites of the body activate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and facilitate tumor metastasis. Exosomal miRNAs are also considered as noninvasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of lung cancer. This review summarizes the influence of lung TDEs on the TME and metastasis. Their involvement in targeted therapy resistance and potential clinical applications are discussed. Additionally, challenges encountered in the development of exosome-based therapeutic strategies are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Noor Rizwan
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Yunxia Ma
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Miljana Nenkov
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Lai Jin
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Desiree Charlotte Schröder
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Westermann
- Electron Microscopy Center, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Gaßler
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Yuan Chen
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Yi M, Liao Z, Deng L, Xu L, Tan Y, Liu K, Chen Z, Zhang Y. High diagnostic value of miRNAs for NSCLC: quantitative analysis for both single and combined miRNAs in lung cancer. Ann Med 2021; 53:2178-2193. [PMID: 34913774 PMCID: PMC8740622 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.2000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are good candidates as biomarkers for Lung cancer (LC). The aim of this article is to figure out the diagnostic value of both single and combined miRNAs in LC. METHODS Normative meta-analysis was conducted based on PRISMA. We assessed the diagnostic value by calculating the combined sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and the area under the curve (AUC) of single and combined miRNAs for LC and specific subgroups. RESULTS A total of 80 qualified studies with a total of 8971 patients and 10758 controls were included. In non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), we involved 20 single-miRNAs and found their Sen, Spe and AUC ranged from 0.52-0.81, 0.66-0.88, and 0.68-0.90, respectively, specially, miR-19 with the maximum Sen, miR-20 and miR-10 with the highest Spe as well as miR-17 with the maximum AUC. Additionally, we detected miR-21 with the maximum Sen of 0.74 [95%CI: 0.62-0.83], miR-146 with the maximum Spe and AUC of 0.93 [95%CI: 0.79-0.98] and 0.89 [95%CI: 0.86-0.92] for early-stage NSCLC. We also identified the diagnostic power of available panel (miR-210, miR-31 and miR-21) for NSCLC with satisfying Sen, Spe and AUC of 0.82 [95%CI: 0.78-0.84], 0.87 [95%CI: 0.84-0.89] and 0.91 [95%CI: 0.88-0.93], and furtherly constructed 2 models for better diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS We identified several single miRNAs and combined groups with high diagnostic power for NSCLC through pooled quantitative analysis, which shows that specific miRNAs are good biomarker candidates for NSCLC and further researches needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Yi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zexi Liao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Langmei Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziliang Chen
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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41
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Zhao L, Guo Y, Guo Y, Ji X, Fan D, Chen C, Yuan W, Sun Z, Ji Z. Effect and mechanism of circRNAs in tumor angiogenesis and clinical application. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:1223-1232. [PMID: 34724210 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor blood vessels provide oxygen and necessary nutrients for the tumor, which provides the basis for tumor metastasis. Therefore, tumor angiogenesis plays a very important role in tumor growth and metastasis. In contrast to linear RNAs, circRNAs represent a type of closed-loop RNA with diverse biological functions. At the same time, circRNAs have strong stability, timeliness, tissue specificity and disease specificity. With the rapid development of next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics, there have been an increasing number of studies on circRNAs. At present, a large number of studies have reported that circRNAs regulate tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, tumor metabolism, tumor immunity and other biological functions. Increasing evidence has shown that circRNAs also play an important role in tumor angiogenesis. In this review, we briefly introduced tumor angiogenesis and circRNAs and outlined the main ways that circRNAs affect tumor angiogenesis from multiple aspects. Finally, we further explored the potential clinical application value of circRNAs in the context of tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Zhao
- BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuying Guo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Basic Medical, Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dandan Fan
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weitang Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhenyu Ji
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Basic Medical, Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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42
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Footprints of microRNAs in Cancer Biology. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101494. [PMID: 34680611 PMCID: PMC8533183 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Over the past years, various studies have demonstrated the role of aberrant miRNA expression in the onset of cancer. The mechanisms by which miRNA exerts its cancer-promoting or inhibitory effects are apparent through the various cancer hallmarks, which include selective proliferative advantage, altered stress response, vascularization, invasion and metastasis, metabolic rewiring, the tumor microenvironment and immune modulation; therefore, this review aims to highlight the association between miRNAs and the various cancer hallmarks by dissecting the mechanisms of miRNA regulation in each hallmark separately. It is hoped that the information presented herein will provide further insights regarding the role of cancer and serve as a guideline to evaluate the potential of microRNAs to be utilized as biomarkers and therapeutic targets on a larger scale in cancer research.
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Gu G, Hu C, Hui K, Zhang H, Chen T, Zhang X, Jiang X. Exosomal miR-136-5p Derived from Anlotinib-Resistant NSCLC Cells Confers Anlotinib Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through Targeting PPP2R2A. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6329-6343. [PMID: 34556984 PMCID: PMC8455141 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s321720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anlotinib resistance is a challenge for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Understanding the underlying mechanisms against anlotinib resistance is of great importance to improve prognosis and treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods RT-qPCR assay was used to assess the level of miR-136-5p in anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells and exosomes derived from anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells. In addition, miR-136-5p level in tumor tissues from patients who exhibited a poor response to anlotinib therapy and patients who were therapy naïve or patients who exhibited a positive response to anlotinib therapy was detected by RT-qPCR assay. Results In this study, we found that high levels of plasma exosomal miR-136-5p is correlated with clinically poor anlotinib response. In addition, anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells promoted parental NSCLC cell proliferation via transferring functional miR-136-5p from anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells to parental NSCLC cells via exosomes. Moreover, exosomal miR-136-5p could endow NSCLC cells with anlotinib resistance by targeting PPP2R2A, leading to the activation of Akt pathway. Furthermore, miR-136-5p antagomir packaging into anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cell-derived exosomes functionally restored NSCLC cell anlotinib sensitivity in vitro. Animal studies showed that A549/anlotinib cell-derived exosomal miR-136-5p agomir promoted A549 cell anlotinib resistance in vivo. Conclusion Collectively, these findings indicated that anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cell-derived exosomal miR-136-5p confers anlotinib resistance in NSCLC cells by targeting PPP2R2A, indicating miR-136-5p may act as a potential biomarker for anlotinib response in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Gu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyuan Hui
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China
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Hosseini M, Baghaei K, Amani D, Ebtekar M. Tumor-derived exosomes encapsulating miR-34a promote apoptosis and inhibit migration and tumor progression of colorectal cancer cells under in vitro condition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 29:267-278. [PMID: 34405380 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-021-00400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA (miR)-34a, as a master tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer (CRC), could regulate multiple genes participating in tumor proliferation, invasion, immune evasion, and inflammation-induced progression. Exosomes, as novel nano-carriers, were found to be capable of shuttling crucial mediators to various cells. Since the conventional CRC therapeutics currently are a matter of debate, implication of microRNAs in malignancy remedies have been addressed illustrating promising outlooks. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to investigate the delivery of miR-34a to CRC cell line CT-26 by encapsulating into tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs), in order to evaluate the anti-proliferative and progressive effects of the novel nano-carrier complex under in vitro condition. METHODS Exosomes were purified from the starved CT-26 cells and then enriched by miR-34a using the calcium chloride (Cacl2) modified solution. Following the detection of miR-34a expression in the enriched TEXs, the viability of CT-26 cells treated by multiplicity concentrations of either TEXs or TEX-miR-34a was examined. Moreover, the apoptosis rate of the cells was evaluated, and the migration of CT-26 cells subjected to both TEX-miR-34a and TEX was also measured. Thereafter, the expressions of miR-34a target genes, as IL-6R, STAT3, PD-L1, and VEGF-A, which play roles in tumor progression, were determined in the treated CT-26 cells. RESULTS The viability of CT-26 cells was harnessed following the treatment with TEX-miR-34a and the apoptosis levels of the cells were also observed to be enhanced dose-dependently. TEX-miR-34a was able to diminish the migration rate of the TEX-miR-34a treated cells and the expressions of IL-6R, STAT3, PD-L1, and VEGF-A were significantly restricted. Moreover, TEXs alone increased the apoptosis rate of tumor cells and repressed the proliferation and migration of these cells which were boosted by enrichment of TEXs with miR-34a. CONCLUSION Exosomes isolated from the starved CT-26 cells were found to have a potential to deliver miR-34a into tumor cells properly with high functionality maintenance for miR-34a in case of regulating genes related to tumor progression and TEXs which showed no positive effect favoring cancer cells, presumably act as a favorable adjuvant in the CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Baghaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davar Amani
- Department of Immunology, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Ebtekar
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Exosomal miR-1260b derived from non-small cell lung cancer promotes tumor metastasis through the inhibition of HIPK2. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:747. [PMID: 34321461 PMCID: PMC8319168 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) contain enriched miRNAs, and exosomal miRNAs can affect tumor growth, including cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance through cell-to-cell communication. We investigated the role of exosomal miR-1260b derived from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in tumor progression. Exosomal miR-1260b induced angiogenesis by targeting homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, exosomal miR-1260b or suppression of HIPK2 led to enhanced cellular mobility and cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells. In patients with NSCLC, the level of HIPK2 was significantly lower in tumor tissues than in normal lung tissues, while that of miR-1260b was higher in tumor tissues. HIPK2 and miR-1260b expression showed an inverse correlation, and this correlation was strong in distant metastasis. Finally, the expression level of exosomal miR-1260b in plasma was higher in patients with NSCLC than in healthy individuals, and higher levels of exosomal miR-1260b were associated with high-grade disease, metastasis, and poor survival. In conclusion, exosomal miR-1260b can promote angiogenesis in HUVECs and metastasis of NSCLC by regulating HIPK2 and may serve as a prognostic marker for lung cancers.
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Yin L, Liu X, Shao X, Feng T, Xu J, Wang Q, Hua S. The role of exosomes in lung cancer metastasis and clinical applications: an updated review. J Transl Med 2021; 19:312. [PMID: 34281588 PMCID: PMC8287779 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated deaths accounting for 24% of all cancer deaths. As a crucial phase of tumor progression, lung cancer metastasis is linked to over 70% of these mortalities. In recent years, exosomes have received increasing research attention in their role in the induction of carcinogenesis and metastasis in the lung. In this review, recent studies on the contribution of exosomes to lung cancer metastasis are discussed, particularly highlighting the role of lung tumor-derived exosomes in immune system evasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis, and their involvement at both the pre-metastatic and metastatic phases. The clinical application of exosomes as therapeutic drug carriers, their role in antitumor drug resistance, and their utility as predictive biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis are also presented. The metastatic activity, a complex multistep process of cancer cell invasion, survival in blood vessels, attachment and subsequent colonization of the host's organs, is integrated with exosomal effects. Exosomes act as functional mediating factors in cell-cell communication, influencing various steps of the metastatic cascade. To this end, lung cancer cell-derived exosomes enhance cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis, regulate drug resistance, and antitumor immune activities during lung carcinogenesis, and are currently being explored as an important component in liquid biopsy assessment for diagnosing lung cancer. These nano-sized extracellular vesicles are also being explored as delivery vehicles for therapeutic molecules owing to their unique properties of biocompatibility, circulatory stability, decreased toxicity, and tumor specificity. The current knowledge of the role of exosomes highlights an array of exosome-dependent pathways and cargoes that are ripe for exploiting therapeutic targets to treat lung cancer metastasis, and for predictive value assessment in diagnosis, prognosis, and anti-tumor drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yin
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuejun Shao
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Feng
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xu
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghao Hua
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
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Huang B, Jiang Z, Wu S, Wu H, Zhang X, Chen J, Zhao F, Liu J. RCAN1.4 suppresses the osteosarcoma growth and metastasis via interfering with the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. J Bone Oncol 2021; 30:100383. [PMID: 34336566 PMCID: PMC8318905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein level of RCAN1.4 in osteosarcoma specimens was lower than that of chondroma. RCAN1.4 loss promoted osteosarcoma growth, migration and invasion. RCAN1.4-calcineurin/NFAT pathway regulated the osteosarcoma growth and metastasis.
Calcipressin-1, also known as a regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1), is one of the families of endogenous regulators of calcineurin activation and can specifically constrain the activity of calcineurin, but its function in osteosarcoma is still unknown. Firstly, we examined the protein level of RCAN1 in osteosarcoma specimens was lower than that of chondroma specimens. RCAN1.4 rather than RCAN1.1 had a higher endogenous protein level in six osteosarcoma cell lines by western blot. Further, we created stable RCAN1.4-deficient 143B and Hos cells using CRISPR-Cas9. RCAN1.4 loss promoted tumor growth in subcutaneous xenograft models. RCAN1.4 knockdown promoted tumor metastases to the lungs using intravenous metastasis models. Furthermore, we found that higher activity of calcineurin in RCAN1.4-deficient cells enhanced the nuclear translocation of NFATc1 to induce the cyclin D1 and MMPs expression. In addition, RCAN1.4 overexpression restrained osteosarcoma cell growth and invasion and inhibited the activity of calcineurin. Finally, we discovered that conditioned medium (20%) derived from RCAN1.4-deficient cells significantly promoted osteoclastogenesis, indicating Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor κB (RANK) signaling activation during osteosarcoma metastasis. In conclusion, RCAN1.4 may be a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zenghui Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Saishuang Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Xuyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Fengdong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Junhui Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
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Qi R, Zhao Y, Guo Q, Mi X, Cheng M, Hou W, Zheng H, Hua B. Exosomes in the lung cancer microenvironment: biological functions and potential use as clinical biomarkers. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:333. [PMID: 34193120 PMCID: PMC8247080 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01990-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours worldwide. however, emerging immunotherapy and targeted therapies continue to show limited efficacy. In the search for new targets for lung cancer treatment, exosomes have become a major focus of research. Exosomes play an important role in the tumour microenvironment (TME) of lung cancer and affect invasion, metastasis, and treatment responses. This review describes our current understanding of the release of exosomes derived from different cells in the TME, the effects of exosomes on T/Tregs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, tumour-associated macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells, and the role of exosomes in the endothelial–mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. In particular, this review focuses on the potential clinical applications of exosomes in the lung cancer microenvironment and their prognostic and diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Qi
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Qiujun Guo
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Mi
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Qindu District, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengqi Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Honggang Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
| | - Baojin Hua
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
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Urinary microRNA biomarkers for detecting the presence of esophageal cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8508. [PMID: 33879806 PMCID: PMC8058072 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87925-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adenocarcinoma (EAC) generally exhibits poor prognosis; hence, a noninvasive biomarker enabling early detection is necessary. Age- and sex-matched 150 healthy controls (HCs) and 43 patients with ESCC were randomly divided into two groups: 9 individuals in the discovery cohort for microarray analysis and 184 individuals in the training/test cohort with cross-validation for qRT-PCR analysis. Using 152 urine samples (144 HCs and 8 EACs), we validated the urinary miRNA biomarkers for EAC diagnosis. Among eight miRNAs selected in the discovery cohort, urinary levels of five miRNAs (miR-1273f, miR-619-5p, miR-150-3p, miR-4327, and miR-3135b) were significantly higher in the ESCC group than in the HC group, in the training/test cohort. Consistently, these five urinary miRNAs were significantly different between HC and ESCC in both training and test sets. Especially, urinary miR-1273f and miR-619-5p showed excellent values of area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.80 for diagnosing stage I ESCC. Similarly, the EAC group had significantly higher urinary levels of these five miRNAs than the HC group, with AUC values of approximately 0.80. The present study established novel urinary miRNA biomarkers that can early detect ESCC and EAC.
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Liu Y, Xia Y, Smollar J, Mao W, Wan Y. The roles of small extracellular vesicles in lung cancer: Molecular pathology, mechanisms, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188539. [PMID: 33892051 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are submicron-sized, lipid-bilayer-enclosed particles that are released from cells. A variety of tissue-specific molecules, including proteins, DNA fragments, RNA, lipids, and metabolites, can be selectively encapsulated into sEVs and delivered to nearby and distant recipient cells. Incontestable and growing evidence shows the important biological roles and the clinical relevance of sEVs in tumors. In particular, recent studies validate sEVs can be used for early tumor diagnostics, staging, and treatment monitoring. Moreover, sEVs have been used as drug delivery nanocarriers, cancer vaccines, and antigen conferrers. While still in its infancy, the field of sEV-based fundamental and translational studies has been rapidly advancing. This review comprehensively examines the latest sEV-related studies in lung cancers, encompassing extracellular vesicles and their roles in lung cancer pathophysiology, diagnostics, and therapeutics. The state-of-the-art technologies for sEV isolation, downstream molecular analyses, and sEV-based therapies indicate their potency as tools for understanding the pathology and promising clinical management of lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China
| | - Yiqiu Xia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Jillian Smollar
- The Pq Laboratory of Micro/Nano BiomeDx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Wenjun Mao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China.
| | - Yuan Wan
- The Pq Laboratory of Micro/Nano BiomeDx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States.
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