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Tabata S, Matsuda K, Soeda S, Nagai K, Izumi Y, Takahashi M, Motomura Y, Ichikawa Nagasato A, Moro K, Bamba T, Okada M. NFκB dynamics-dependent epigenetic changes modulate inflammatory gene expression and induce cellular senescence. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 39011799 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Upregulation of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) signaling is a hallmark of aging and a major cause of age-related chronic inflammation. However, its effect on cellular senescence remains unclear. Here, we show that alteration of NFκB nuclear dynamics from oscillatory to sustained by depleting a negative feedback regulator of NFκB pathway, NFκB inhibitor alpha (IκBα), in the presence of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) promotes cellular senescence. Sustained NFκB activity enhanced inflammatory gene expression through increased NFκB-DNA binding and slowed the cell cycle. IκBα protein was decreased under replicative or oxidative stress in vitro. Furthermore, a decrease in IκBα protein and an increase in DNA-NFκB binding at the transcription start sites of age-associated genes in aged mouse hearts suggested that nuclear NFκB dynamics may play a critical role in the progression of aging. Our study suggests that nuclear NFκB dynamics-dependent epigenetic changes regulated over time in a living system, possibly through a decrease in IκBα, enhance the expression of inflammatory genes to advance the cells to a senescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Tabata
- Laboratory for Cell Systems, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Keita Matsuda
- Laboratory for Cell Systems, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shou Soeda
- Laboratory for Cell Systems, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Nagai
- Laboratory for Cell Systems, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Motomura
- Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Kazuyo Moro
- Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mariko Okada
- Laboratory for Cell Systems, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Zhang M, Chen Y, Wang Q, Li C, Yuan C, Lu J, Luo Y, Liu X. Nanocatalytic theranostics with intracellular mutual promotion for ferroptosis and chemo-photothermal therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 657:619-631. [PMID: 38071811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced through the Fenton reaction, induces lipid peroxide (LPO), causing cellular structural damage and ultimately triggering ferroptosis. However, the generation of ROS in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is limited by the catalytic efficiency of the Fenton reaction. Herein, a novel hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticle (HMSN) combined with multi-metal sulfide-doped mesoporous silica nanocatalyzers (NCs) was developed, namely MxSy-HMSN NCs (M represents Cu Mn and Fe, S denotes sulfur). The MxSy-HMSN can dramatically enhanced the ferroptosis by: (1) facilitating the conversion of H2O2 to ·OH through Fenton or Fenton-like reactions through co-catalysis; (2) weakening ROS scavenging systems by depleting the over expressed glutathione (GSH) in TME; (3) providing exceptional photothermal therapy to augment ferroptosis. The MxSy-HMSN can also act as smart cargos for anticancer drug-doxorubicin (DOX). The release of DOX is responsive to GSH/pH/Near-infrared Light (NIR) irradiation at the tumor lesion, significantly improving therapeutic outcomes while minimizing side effects. Additionally, the MxSy-HMSN has demonstrated excellent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) potential. This smart MxSy-HMSN offer a synergetic approach combining ferroptosis with chemo-photothermal therapy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnose, which could be an informative guideline for the design of future NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Research Institute of Digital and Intelligent Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chunping Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jie Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yu Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xijian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Gao J, Huang W, Zhao S, Wang R, Wang Z, Ye J, Lin L, Cai W, Mi Y. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor NMS-P937 represses nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression via induction of mitotic abnormalities. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23590. [PMID: 38037286 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor NMS-P937 is a targeted therapeutic agent with good preclinical efficacy in various human cancers, and its therapeutic effect on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains to be determined. Here, to explore biological activity of NMS-P937 in NPC, multiple types of NPC cells were utilized. We tested IC50 values, carried out flow cytometry, western blot analysis analysis, immunofluorescence, and constructed subcutaneous xenograft mouse models. We found that treatment with NMS-P937 increased the proportion of G2/M phase NPC cells, where CyclinB1 expression was upregulated and CyclinE1 expression was downregulated. Besides, NMS-P937 treatment-induced NPC cell apoptosis with increased cleavage of PARP and caspase-3. Mechanistically, NMS-P937 treatment led to aberrant mitosis, causing increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine partially reversed ROS levels induced by NMS-P937. Furthermore, NMS-P937 administration restrained NPC xenografts growth in nude mice. Overall, NMS-P937 suppressed NPC cell proliferation and increased ROS levels, causing cell cycle abnormalities and apoptosis. NMS-P937 holds great promise as a therapeutic agent for treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Weirong Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Thoracic Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Lung Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Senxia Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Thoracic Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Lung Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhilin Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Juanping Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Thoracic Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Lung Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Lie Lin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Weifeng Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Thoracic Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Lung Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Yanjun Mi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Thoracic Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Lung Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
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Stratifin as a novel diagnostic biomarker in serum for diffuse alveolar damage. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5854. [PMID: 36195613 PMCID: PMC9532442 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the various histopathological patterns of drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD), diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is associated with poor prognosis. However, there is no reliable biomarker for its accurate diagnosis. Here, we show stratifin/14-3-3σ (SFN) as a biomarker candidate found in a proteomic analysis. The study includes two independent cohorts (including totally 26 patients with DAD) and controls (total 432 samples). SFN is specifically elevated in DILD patients with DAD, and is superior to the known biomarkers, KL-6 and SP-D, in discrimination of DILD patients with DAD from patients with other DILD patterns or other lung diseases. SFN is also increased in serum from patients with idiopathic DAD, and in lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with DAD. In vitro analysis using cultured lung epithelial cells suggests that extracellular release of SFN occurs via p53-dependent apoptosis. We conclude that serum SFN is a promising biomarker for DAD diagnosis.
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Haga M, Okada M. Systems approaches to investigate the role of NF-κB signaling in aging. Biochem J 2022; 479:161-183. [PMID: 35098992 PMCID: PMC8883486 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is one of the most well-studied pathways related to inflammation, and its involvement in aging has attracted considerable attention. As aging is a complex phenomenon and is the result of a multi-step process, the involvement of the NF-κB pathway in aging remains unclear. To elucidate the role of NF-κB in the regulation of aging, different systems biology approaches have been employed. A multi-omics data-driven approach can be used to interpret and clarify unknown mechanisms but cannot generate mechanistic regulatory structures alone. In contrast, combining this approach with a mathematical modeling approach can identify the mechanistics of the phenomena of interest. The development of single-cell technologies has also helped clarify the heterogeneity of the NF-κB response and underlying mechanisms. Here, we review advances in the understanding of the regulation of aging by NF-κB by focusing on omics approaches, single-cell analysis, and mathematical modeling of the NF-κB network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Haga
- Laboratory for Cell Systems, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Basic Research Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ikuno-ku, Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Mariko Okada
- Laboratory for Cell Systems, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Center for Drug Design and Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
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Michalak M, Lach MS, Borska S, Nowakowski B, Umezawa K, Suchorska WM. DHMEQ enhances the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin and carboplatin in ovarian cancer cell lines. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:6024-6041. [PMID: 35018240 PMCID: PMC8727817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is one of the most lethal gynaecological malignancies. It is diagnosed mostly in advanced stages. Due to a lack of appropriate early detection markers and non-ambiguous symptoms, the five-year survival rate is significantly reduced. Despite a primary good response to platinum-based therapy, approximately 70% of patients will develop a chemoresistance phenotype. The activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway plays a crucial role in this process. It is responsible for increasing cell viability, cell cycle progression and induces growth and migration of neoplastic cells. A few independent studies have yet suggested a high correlation between activation of NF-κB and poor outcome in OvCa patients. Thus, developing inhibitors of the NF-κB pathway has become a new target of cancer therapies. One of the promising compounds is DHMEQ (dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin). Our preliminary studies indicated that DHMEQ combined with cisplatin (CDDP) or carboplatin (CBP) enhanced apoptosis in the A2780 cell line and caused cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase in the SKOV3 cell line, but not in the normal cell line MRC-5 pd19. Moreover, the combination of those agents caused decreased motility of cells, especially with the CBP. However, the invasion of cells was not changed significantly. The analysis of drug interactions using CompuSyn software has revealed that observed effect of the doses used in the study was antagonistic, but the DRI guidelines and in vitro observation of biological response indicate that a combination of DHMEQ with CDDP or CBP could be a novel proposal in ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Michalak
- Surgical, Oncological and Endoscopic Gynaecology Department, Greater Poland Cancer CenterPoznan 61-866, Poland
| | - Michał S Lach
- Radiobiology Lab, Greater Poland Cancer CentrePoznan 61-866, Poland
- Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan 61-701, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw University of Medical SciencesWarsaw 02-091, Poland
| | - Sylwia Borska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical UniversityWroclaw 50-137, Poland
| | - Błażej Nowakowski
- Surgical, Oncological and Endoscopic Gynaecology Department, Greater Poland Cancer CenterPoznan 61-866, Poland
| | - Kazuo Umezawa
- Department of Molecular Target Medicine, Aichi Medical UniversityNagakute 480-1103, Japan
| | - Wiktoria M Suchorska
- Radiobiology Lab, Greater Poland Cancer CentrePoznan 61-866, Poland
- Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan 61-701, Poland
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Roupakia E, Chavdoula E, Karpathiou G, Vatsellas G, Chatzopoulos D, Mela A, Gillette JM, Kriegsmann K, Kriegsmann M, Batistatou A, Goussia A, Marcu KB, Karteris E, Klinakis A, Kolettas E. Canonical NF-κB Promotes Lung Epithelial Cell Tumour Growth by Downregulating the Metastasis Suppressor CD82 and Enhancing Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Cell Transition. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174302. [PMID: 34503110 PMCID: PMC8428346 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Canonical NF-κB signalling pathway acts as a tumour promoter in several types of cancer including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the mechanism(s) by which it contributes to NSCLC is still under investigation. We show here that NF-κB RelA/p65 is required for the tumour growth of human NSCLC cells grown in vivo as xenografts in immune-compromised mice. RNA-seq transcriptome profile analysis identified the metastasis suppressor CD82/KAI1/TSPAN27 as a canonical NF-κB target. Loss of CD82 correlated with malignancy. RelA/p65 stimulates cell migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT), mediated, in part, by CD82/KAI1, through integrin-mediated signalling, thus, identifying a mechanism mediating NF-κB RelA/p65 lung tumour promoting function. Abstract Background: The development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involves the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes. These include somatic oncogenic KRAS and EGFR mutations and inactivating TP53 tumour suppressor mutations, leading to activation of canonical NF-κB. However, the mechanism(s) by which canonical NF-κB contributes to NSCLC is still under investigation. Methods: Human NSCLC cells were used to knock-down RelA/p65 (RelA/p65KD) and investigate its impact on cell growth, and its mechanism of action by employing RNA-seq analysis, qPCR, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and functional assays. Results: RelA/p65KD reduced the proliferation and tumour growth of human NSCLC cells grown in vivo as xenografts in immune-compromised mice. RNA-seq analysis identified canonical NF-κB targets mediating its tumour promoting function. RelA/p65KD resulted in the upregulation of the metastasis suppressor CD82/KAI1/TSPAN27 and downregulation of the proto-oncogene ROS1, and LGR6 involved in Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Immunohistochemical and bioinformatics analysis of human NSCLC samples showed that CD82 loss correlated with malignancy. RelA/p65KD suppressed cell migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT), mediated, in part, by CD82/KAI1, through integrin-mediated signalling involving the mitogenic ERK, Akt1 and Rac1 proteins. Conclusions: Canonical NF-κB signalling promotes NSCLC, in part, by downregulating the metastasis suppressor CD82/KAI1 which inhibits cell migration, EMT and tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Roupakia
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, University Research Centre, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of Ioannina Campus, 45115 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Evangelia Chavdoula
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of Ioannina Campus, 45115 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (G.K.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Giannis Vatsellas
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Dimitrios Chatzopoulos
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Angeliki Mela
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Medical Center, Irving Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Jennifer M. Gillette
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Mark Kriegsmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Anna Batistatou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (G.K.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Goussia
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (G.K.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Kenneth B. Marcu
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Microbiology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, New York, NY 11794, USA
| | - Emmanouil Karteris
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, London UB8 PH, UK;
| | - Apostolos Klinakis
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Evangelos Kolettas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, University Research Centre, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of Ioannina Campus, 45115 Ioannina, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-26510-07578; Fax: +30-26510-07863
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Leukemia-Induced Cellular Senescence and Stemness Alterations in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Reversible upon Withdrawal of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158166. [PMID: 34360930 PMCID: PMC8348535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemic cell growth in the bone marrow (BM) induces a very stressful condition. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), a key component of this BM niche, are affected in several ways with unfavorable consequences on hematopoietic stem cells favoring leukemic cells. These alterations in MSC during B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) have not been fully studied. In this work, we have compared the modifications that occur in an in vitro leukemic niche (LN) with those observed in MSC isolated from B-ALL patients. MSC in this LN niche showed features of a senescence process, i.e., altered morphology, increased senescence-associated β-Galactosidase (SA-βGAL) activity, and upregulation of p53 and p21 (without p16 expression), cell-cycle arrest, reduced clonogenicity, and some moderated changes in stemness properties. Importantly, almost all of these features were found in MSC isolated from B-ALL patients. These alterations rendered B-ALL cells susceptible to the chemotherapeutic agent dexamethasone. The senescent process seems to be transient since when leukemic cells are removed, normal MSC morphology is re-established, SA-βGAL expression is diminished, and MSC are capable of re-entering cell cycle. In addition, few cells showed low γH2AX phosphorylation that was reduced to basal levels upon cultivation. The reversibility of the senescent process in MSC must impinge important biological and clinical significance depending on cell interactions in the bone marrow at different stages of disease progression in B-ALL.
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Wu W, Pu Y, Shi J. Dual Size/Charge-Switchable Nanocatalytic Medicine for Deep Tumor Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2002816. [PMID: 33977044 PMCID: PMC8097343 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Elevating intratumoral levels of highly toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) by nanocatalytic medicine for tumor-specific therapy without using conventional toxic chemodrugs is recently of considerable interest, which, however, still suffers from less satisfactory therapeutic efficacy due to the relatively poor accumulation at the tumor site and largely blocked intratumoral infiltration of nanomedicines. Herein, an ultrasound (US)-triggered dual size/charge-switchable nanocatalytic medicine, designated as Cu-LDH/HMME@Lips, is constructed for deep solid tumor therapy via catalytic ROS generations. The negatively charged liposome outer-layer of the nanomedicine enables much-prolonged blood circulation for significantly enhanced tumoral accumulation, while the positively charged Fenton-like catalyst Cu-LDH released from the liposome under the US stimulation demonstrates much enhanced intratumoral penetration via transcytosis. In the meantime, the co-released sonosensitizer hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) catalyze the singlet oxygen (1O2) generation upon the US irradiation, and deep-tumoral infiltrated Cu-LDH catalyzes the H2O2 decomposition to produce highly toxic hydroxyl radical (·OH) specifically within the mildly acidic tumor microenvironment (TME). The efficient intratumoral accumulation and penetration via the dual size/charge switching mechanism, and the ROS generations by both sonosensitization and Fenton-like reactions, ensures the high therapeutic efficacy for the deep tumor therapy by the nanocatalytic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Wu
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructuresShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- Centre of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Yinying Pu
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Tenth People's HospitalUltrasound Research and Education InstituteTongji University Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructuresShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- Centre of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
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Zhang DY, Huang F, Ma Y, Liang G, Peng Z, Guan S, Zhai J. Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Theranostic Nanoplatform for Guided Molecular Dynamic/Photodynamic Synergistic Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:17392-17403. [PMID: 33829761 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The integration of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-involved molecular dynamic therapy (MDT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds great promise for enhanced anticancer effects. Herein, we report a biodegradable tumor microenvironment-responsive nanoplatform composed of sinoporphyrin sodium (SPS) photosensitizer-loaded zinc peroxide nanoparticles (SPS@ZnO2 NPs), which can enhance the action of ROS through the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and singlet oxygen (1O2) for MDT and PDT, respectively, and the depletion of glutathione (GSH). Under these conditions, SPS@ZnO2 NPs show excellent MDT/PDT synergistic therapeutic effects. We demonstrate that the SPS@ZnO2 NPs quickly degrade to H2O2 and endogenous Zn2+ in an acidic tumor environment and produce toxic 1O2 with 630 nm laser irradiation both in vitro and in vivo. Anticancer mechanistic studies show that excessive production of ROS damages lysosomes and mitochondria and induces cellular apoptosis. We show that SPS@ZnO2 NPs increase the uptake and penetration depth of photosensitizers in cells. In addition, the fluorescence of SPS is a powerful diagnostic tool for the treatment of tumors. The depletion of intracellular GSH through H2O2 production and the release of cathepsin B enhance the effectiveness of PDT. This theranostic nanoplatform provides a new avenue for tumor microenvironment-responsive and ROS-involved therapeutic strategies with synergistic enhancement of antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Fanglin Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guangzhong Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhuo Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shixia Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junqiu Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
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11
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Kyriakopoulos G, Katopodi V, Skeparnias I, Kaliatsi EG, Grafanaki K, Stathopoulos C. KRAS G12C Can Either Promote or Impair Cap-Dependent Translation in Two Different Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042222. [PMID: 33672357 PMCID: PMC7926983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
KRASG12C is among the most common oncogenic mutations in lung adenocarcinoma and a promising target for treatment by small-molecule inhibitors. KRAS oncogenic signaling is responsible for modulation of tumor microenvironment, with translation factors being among the most prominent deregulated targets. In the present study, we used TALENs to edit EGFRWT CL1-5 and A549 cells for integration of a Tet-inducible KRASG12C expression system. Subsequent analysis of both cell lines showed that cap-dependent translation was impaired in CL1-5 cells via involvement of mTORC2 and NF-κB. In contrast, in A549 cells, which additionally harbor the KRASG12S mutation, cap-dependent translation was favored via recruitment of mTORC1, c-MYC and the positive regulation of eIF4F complex. Downregulation of eIF1, eIF5 and eIF5B in the same cell line suggested a stringency loss of start codon selection during scanning of mRNAs. Puromycin staining and polysome profile analysis validated the enhanced translation rates in A549 cells and the impaired cap-dependent translation in CL1-5 cells. Interestingly, elevated translation rates were restored in CL1-5 cells after prolonged induction of KRASG12C through an mTORC1/p70S6K-independent way. Collectively, our results suggest that KRASG12C signaling differentially affects the regulation of the translational machinery. These differences could provide additional insights and facilitate current efforts to effectively target KRAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kyriakopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (G.K.)
| | - Vicky Katopodi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (G.K.)
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilias Skeparnias
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (G.K.)
| | - Eleni G Kaliatsi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (G.K.)
| | - Katerina Grafanaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (G.K.)
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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12
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Roupakia E, Markopoulos GS, Kolettas E. Genes and pathways involved in senescence bypass identified by functional genetic screens. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 194:111432. [PMID: 33422562 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of stable and irreversible cell cycle arrest with active metabolism, that normal cells undergo after a finite number of divisions (Hayflick limit). Senescence can be triggered by intrinsic and/or extrinsic stimuli including telomere shortening at the end of a cell's lifespan (telomere-initiated senescence) and in response to oxidative, genotoxic or oncogenic stresses (stress-induced premature senescence). Several effector mechanisms have been proposed to explain senescence programmes in diploid cells, including the induction of DNA damage responses, a senescence-associated secretory phenotype and epigenetic changes. Senescent cells display senescence-associated-β-galactosidase activity and undergo chromatin remodeling resulting in heterochromatinisation. Senescence is established by the pRb and p53 tumour suppressor networks. Senescence has been detected in in vitro cellular settings and in premalignant, but not malignant lesions in mice and humans expressing mutant oncogenes. Despite oncogene-induced senescence, which is believed to be a cancer initiating barrier and other tumour suppressive mechanisms, benign cancers may still develop into malignancies by bypassing senescence. Here, we summarise the functional genetic screens that have identified genes, uncovered pathways and characterised mechanisms involved in senescence evasion. These include cell cycle regulators and tumour suppressor pathways, DNA damage response pathways, epigenetic regulators, SASP components and noncoding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Roupakia
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45100, Greece; Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Georgios S Markopoulos
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45100, Greece; Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Evangelos Kolettas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45100, Greece; Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
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13
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Carrà G, Lingua MF, Maffeo B, Taulli R, Morotti A. P53 vs NF-κB: the role of nuclear factor-kappa B in the regulation of p53 activity and vice versa. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4449-4458. [PMID: 32322927 PMCID: PMC11104960 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03524-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The onco-suppressor p53 is a transcription factor that regulates a wide spectrum of genes involved in various cellular functions including apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, senescence, autophagy, DNA repair and angiogenesis. p53 and NF-κB generally have opposing effects in cancer cells. While p53 activity is associated with apoptosis induction, the stimulation of NF-κB has been demonstrated to promote resistance to programmed cell death. Although the transcription factor NF-κB family is considered as the master regulator of cancer development and maintenance, it has been mainly studied in relation to its ability to regulate p53. This has revealed the importance of the crosstalk between NF-κB, p53 and other crucial cell signaling pathways. This review analyzes the various mechanisms by which NF-κB regulates the activity of p53 and the role of p53 on NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Carrà
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.
| | | | - Beatrice Maffeo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Taulli
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.
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14
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Tang ZM, Liu YY, Ni DL, Zhou JJ, Zhang M, Zhao PR, Lv B, Wang H, Jin DY, Bu WB. Biodegradable Nanoprodrugs: "Delivering" ROS to Cancer Cells for Molecular Dynamic Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1904011. [PMID: 31793717 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable nanoprodrugs, inheriting the antitumor effects of chemotherapy drugs and overcoming the inevitable drawback of side effects on normal tissues, hold promise as next-generation cancer therapy candidates. Biodegradable nanoprodrugs of transferrin-modified MgO2 nanosheets are developed to selectively deliver reactive oxygen species to cancer cells for molecular dynamic therapy strategy. The nanosheets favor the acidic and low catalase activity tumor microenvironment to react with proton and release nontoxic Mg2+ . This reaction simultaneously produces abundant H2 O2 to induce cell death and damage the structure of transferrin to release Fe3+ , which will react with H2 O2 to produce highly toxic ·OH to kill tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Min Tang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Yan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Da-Long Ni
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Jia Zhou
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Ran Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Radiotherapy, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Da-Yong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Wen-Bo Bu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
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15
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Chavdoula E, Habiel DM, Roupakia E, Markopoulos GS, Vasilaki E, Kokkalis A, Polyzos AP, Boleti H, Thanos D, Klinakis A, Kolettas E, Marcu KB. CHUK/IKK-α loss in lung epithelial cells enhances NSCLC growth associated with HIF up-regulation. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/6/e201900460. [PMID: 31792060 PMCID: PMC6892436 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IKKα is an NSCLC suppressor and its loss in mouse AT-II lung epithelial cells or in human NSCLC lines increased urethane-induced adenoma growth and xenograft burdens, respectively. IKKα loss can up-regulate HIF-1α, enhancing tumor growth under hypoxia. Through the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in cellular physiology, non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) evolves in distinct steps involving mutually exclusive oncogenic mutations in K-Ras or EGFR along with inactivating mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor. Herein, we show two independent in vivo lung cancer models in which CHUK/IKK-α acts as a major NSCLC tumor suppressor. In a novel transgenic mouse strain, wherein IKKα ablation is induced by tamoxifen (Tmx) solely in alveolar type II (AT-II) lung epithelial cells, IKKα loss increases the number and size of lung adenomas in response to the chemical carcinogen urethane, whereas IKK-β instead acts as a tumor promoter in this same context. IKKα knockdown in three independent human NSCLC lines (independent of K-Ras or p53 status) enhances their growth as tumor xenografts in immune-compromised mice. Bioinformatics analysis of whole transcriptome profiling followed by quantitative protein and targeted gene expression validation experiments reveals that IKKα loss can result in the up-regulation of activated HIF-1-α protein to enhance NSCLC tumor growth under hypoxic conditions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Chavdoula
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Eugenia Roupakia
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgios S Markopoulos
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eleni Vasilaki
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Kokkalis
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Haralabia Boleti
- Intracellular Parasitism Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Light Microscopy Unit, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Thanos
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Evangelos Kolettas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece .,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Kenneth B Marcu
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece .,Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, Greece.,Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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16
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Huhe M, Lou J, Zhu Y, Zhao Y, Shi Y, Wang B, Sun X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Chen ZN. A novel antibody-drug conjugate, HcHAb18-DM1, has potent anti-tumor activity against human non-small cell lung cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:1083-1091. [PMID: 31010682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147), a transmembrane protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is a potential target of treatment against human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although there have been exciting advances in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy for NSCLC in recent years, additional novel targeted agents are needed to improve the efficiency and to offer more options for patients. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) utilize a chemical linker to conjugate cytotoxic drugs to a monoclonal antibody to maximize the delivery to target cells and minimize the delivery to other normal cells. The aim of this study was to prepare a novel anti-CD147 conjugate and examine the tumoricidal effect on NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. HcHAb18 was conjugated to the drug maytansinoid 1 (DM1) via a non-cleavable thioether linker (SMCC) to prepare HcHAb18-DM1 with an appropriate drug-antibody ratio (DAR). NSCLC cell lines expressing different levels of CD147 were tested in vitro to determine internalization, cell cycle arrest and cytotoxicity. In vivo efficacy and safety of HcHAb18-DM1 were evaluated in NSCLC xenograft mouse models. We found that HcHAb18-DM1 displayed an impressive potency in vitro and in vivo with a favorable safety profile. Upon binding to CD147, HcHAb18 could be internalized and delivered the payload DM1 to disturb mitotic spindle formation by microtubules. Target cells were arrested at G2/M phase and HcHAb18-DM1 exerted antiproliferative activity in vitro. Antigen-antibody binding and target cells with high growth rate were two integral prerequisites for exerting anti-tumor activity of HcHAb18-DM1. Therefore, we suggest HcHAb18-DM1 is a promising CD147-targeted therapeutic for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muren Huhe
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jiaxin Lou
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yumeng Zhu
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ying Shi
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiuxuan Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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17
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Activation of c-Met in cancer cells mediates growth-promoting signals against oxidative stress through Nrf2-HO-1. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:7. [PMID: 30647407 PMCID: PMC6333845 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Any imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the anti-oxidant capacity lead to cellular oxidative stress. Many chemotherapeutic agents mediate their cytotoxic functions through the generation of ROS. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is over-expressed in renal cancer and plays very crucial role(s) in its growth and survival. Here, we show that c-Met activation protected renal cancer cells from ROS, oxidative stress and cytotoxicity induced by the anti-cancer agent sorafenib (used for renal cancer treatment); and it markedly attenuated sorafenib-induced DNA damage. Activated c-Met promoted the anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL) and inhibited apoptotic cleaved caspase-3. We found that the cytoprotective function of c-Met against sorafenib-induced ROS generation and apoptosis was mediated primarily through the activation of anti-oxidant Nrf2-HO-1. c-Met promoted the nuclear localization of Nrf2 and hindered its binding with the inhibitory protein Keap1. Silencing of Nrf2 attenuated the protective action of c-Met against sorafenib-induced oxidative stress. To evaluate the physiological significance of our findings, in a tumor xenograft model, we observed that a combination treatment with pharmacological inhibitors of c-Met and it's anti-oxidant downstream effecter HO-1 markedly reduced the growth of renal tumor in vivo; it increased the oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptotic markers in the tumor xenografts, along with reduced tumor vessel density. Our observations indicate that the c-Met-Nrf2-HO-1 pathway plays a vital role in relieving ROS-mediated oxidative stress of renal tumors. Targeting this pathway can significantly increase the oxidative stress to promote apoptotic death of cancer cells.
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18
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Fan P, Xie XH, Chen CH, Peng X, Zhang P, Yang C, Wang YT. Molecular Regulation Mechanisms and Interactions Between Reactive Oxygen Species and Mitophagy. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 38:10-22. [PMID: 30556744 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to oxidative stress has important effects on cell development, normal function, and survival. It may cause oxidative damage to intracellular macromolecular substances and mitochondria through several signaling pathways. However, the damaged mitochondria promote further ROS generation, creating a vicious cycle that can cause cellular injury. In addition, excessive ROS produced by damaged mitochondria can trigger mitophagy, a process that can scavenge impaired mitochondria and reduce ROS level to maintain stable mitochondrial function in cells. Therefore, mitophagy heaps maintain cellular homeostasis under oxidative stress. In this article, we review recent advances in cellular damage caused by excessive ROS, the mechanism of mitophagy, and the close relationship between ROS and mitophagy. This review provides a new perspective on therapeutic strategies for related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Fan
- 1 Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing-Hui Xie
- 1 Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-Hong Chen
- 2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Peng
- 1 Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Po Zhang
- 1 Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- 1 Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun-Tao Wang
- 1 Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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19
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Allavena G, Del Bello B, Tini P, Volpi N, Valacchi G, Miracco C, Pirtoli L, Maellaro E. Trehalose inhibits cell proliferation and amplifies long‐term temozolomide‐ and radiation‐induced cytotoxicity in melanoma cells: A role for autophagy and premature senescence. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:11708-11721. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Allavena
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine University of Siena Siena Italy
| | - Barbara Del Bello
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine University of Siena Siena Italy
| | - Paolo Tini
- Unit of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Siena Siena Italy
- Sbarro Health Research Organization, Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Nila Volpi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience University of Siena Siena Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
- Department of Animal Sciences Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University Kannapolis North Carolina
| | - Clelia Miracco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience University of Siena Siena Italy
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, University Hospital of Siena Siena Italy
| | - Luigi Pirtoli
- Unit of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Siena Siena Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience University of Siena Siena Italy
- Department of Biology College of Science and Technology, Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Emilia Maellaro
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine University of Siena Siena Italy
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20
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Hu XN, Wang JF, Huang YQ, Wang Z, Dong FY, Ma HF, Bao ZJ. Huperzine A attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating hepatocyte senescence and apoptosis: an in vitro study. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5145. [PMID: 29967757 PMCID: PMC6025153 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was undertaken to detect if free fatty acids (FFA) induce hepatocyte senescence in L-02 cells and if huperzine A has an anti-aging effect in fatty liver cells. Methods L-02 cells were treated with a FFA mixture (oleate/palmitate, at 3:0, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and 0:3 ratios) at different concentrations. Cell viability and fat accumulation rate were assessed by a Cell Counting Kit 8 and Nile Red staining, respectively. The mixture with the highest cell viability and fat accumulation rate was selected to continue with the following experiment. The L-02 cells were divided into five groups, including the control group, FFA group, FFA + 0.1 μmol/L huperzine A (LH) group, FFA + 1.0 μmol/L huperzine A (MH) group and FFA + 10 μmol/L huperzine A (HH) group, and were cultured for 24 h. The expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) was detected by an SA-β-gal staining kit. The expression levels of aging genes were measured by qRT-PCR. The expression levels of apoptosis proteins were detected by a Western blot. ELISA kits were used to detect inflammatory factors and oxidative stress products. The expression of nuclear factor (NF-κB) and IκBα were detected by immunofluorescence. Results The FFA mixture (oleate/palmitate, at a 2:1 ratio) of 0.5 mmol/L had the highest cell viability and fat accumulation rate, which was preferable for establishing an in vitro fatty liver model. The expression of inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) and oxidants Malonaldehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) also increased in the L-02 fatty liver cells. The expression levels of aging markers and aging genes, such as SA-β-gal, p16, p21, p53 and pRb, increased more in the L-02 fatty liver cells than in the L-02 cells. The total levels of the apoptosis-associated proteins Bcl2, Bax, Bax/Bcl-2, CyCt and cleaved caspase 9 were also upregulated in the L-02 fatty liver cells. All of the above genes and proteins were downregulated in the huperzine A and FFA co-treatment group. In the L-02 fatty liver cells, the expression of IκBα decreased, while the expression of NF-κB increased. After the huperzine A and FFA co-treatment, the expression of IκBα increased, while the expression of NF-κB decreased. Conclusion Fatty liver cells showed an obvious senescence and apoptosis phenomenon. Huperzine A suppressed hepatocyte senescence, and it might exert its anti-aging effect via the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Na Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao-Feng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Qin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Fen Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Roles of NF-κB Signaling in the Regulation of miRNAs Impacting on Inflammation in Cancer. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020040. [PMID: 29601548 PMCID: PMC6027290 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB family of transcription factors regulate the expression of genes encoding proteins and microRNAs (miRNA, miR) precursors that may either positively or negatively regulate a variety of biological processes such as cell cycle progression, cell survival, and cell differentiation. The NF-κB-miRNA transcriptional regulatory network has been implicated in the regulation of proinflammatory, immune, and stress-like responses. Gene regulation by miRNAs has emerged as an additional epigenetic mechanism at the post-transcriptional level. The expression of miRNAs can be regulated by specific transcription factors (TFs), including the NF-κB TF family, and vice versa. The interplay between TFs and miRNAs creates positive or negative feedback loops and also regulatory networks, which can control cell fate. In the current review, we discuss the impact of NF-κB-miRNA interplay and feedback loops and networks impacting on inflammation in cancer. We provide several paradigms of specific NF-κB-miRNA networks that can regulate inflammation linked to cancer. For example, the NF-κB-miR-146 and NF-κB-miR-155 networks fine-tune the activity, intensity, and duration of inflammation, while the NF-κB-miR-21 and NF-κB-miR-181b-1 amplifying loops link inflammation to cancer; and p53- or NF-κB-regulated miRNAs interconnect these pathways and may shift the balance to cancer development or tumor suppression. The availability of genomic data may be useful to verify and find novel interactions, and provide a catalogue of 162 miRNAs targeting and 40 miRNAs possibly regulated by NF-κB. We propose that studying active TF-miRNA transcriptional regulatory networks such as NF-κB-miRNA networks in specific cancer types can contribute to our further understanding of the regulatory interplay between inflammation and cancer, and also perhaps lead to the development of pharmacologically novel therapeutic approaches to combat cancer.
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22
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Senescence-associated microRNAs target cell cycle regulatory genes in normal human lung fibroblasts. Exp Gerontol 2017; 96:110-122. [PMID: 28658612 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Senescence recapitulates the ageing process at the cell level. A senescent cell stops dividing and exits the cell cycle. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) acting as master regulators of transcription, have been implicated in senescence. In the current study we investigated and compared the expression of miRNAs in young versus senescent human fibroblasts (HDFs), and analysed the role of mRNAs expressed in replicative senescent HFL-1 HDFs. Cell cycle analysis confirmed that HDFs accumulated in G1/S cell cycle phase. Nanostring analysis of isolated miRNAs from young and senescent HFL-1 showed that a distinct set of 15 miRNAs were significantly up-regulated in senescent cells including hsa-let-7d-5p, hsa-let-7e-5p, hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-34a-5p, hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-125a-3p, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, hsa-miR-181a-5p, hsa-miR-221-3p, hsa-miR-222-3p, hsa-miR-503-5p, hsa-miR-574-3p, hsa-miR-574-5p and hsa-miR-4454. Importantly, pathway analysis of miRNA target genes down-regulated during replicative senescence in a public RNA-seq data set revealed a significant high number of genes regulating cell cycle progression, both G1/S and G2/M cell cycle phase transitions and telomere maintenance. The reduced expression of selected miRNA targets, upon replicative and oxidative-stress induced senescence, such as the cell cycle effectors E2F1, CcnE, Cdc6, CcnB1 and Cdc25C was verified at the protein and/or RNA levels. Induction of G1/S cell cycle phase arrest and down-regulation of cell cycle effectors correlated with the up-regulation of miR-221 upon both replicative and oxidative stress-induced senescence. Transient expression of miR-221/222 in HDFs promoted the accumulation of HDFs in G1/S cell cycle phase. We propose that miRNAs up-regulated during replicative senescence may act in concert to induce cell cycle phase arrest and telomere erosion, establishing a senescent phenotype.
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Kural KC, Tandon N, Skoblov M, Kel-Margoulis OV, Baranova AV. Pathways of aging: comparative analysis of gene signatures in replicative senescence and stress induced premature senescence. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:1030. [PMID: 28105936 PMCID: PMC5249001 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3352-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In culturing normal diploid cells, senescence may either happen naturally, in the form of replicative senescence, or it may be a consequence of external challenges such as oxidative stress. Here we present a comparative analysis aimed at reconstruction of molecular cascades specific for replicative (RS) and stressinduced senescence (SIPS) in human fibroblasts. Results An involvement of caspase-3/keratin-18 pathway and serine/threonine kinase Aurora A/ MDM2 pathway was shared between RS and SIPS. Moreover, stromelysin/MMP3 and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase enzyme MGAT1, which initiates the synthesis of hybrid and complex Nglycans, were identified as key orchestrating components in RS and SIPS, respectively. In RS only, Aurora-B driven cell cycle signaling was deregulated in concert with the suppression of anabolic branches of the fatty acids and estrogen metabolism. In SIPS, Aurora-B signaling is deprioritized, and the synthetic branches of cholesterol metabolism are upregulated, rather than downregulated. Moreover, in SIPS, proteasome/ubiquitin ligase pathways of protein degradation dominate the regulatory landscape. This picture indicates that SIPS proceeds in cells that are actively fighting stress which facilitates premature senescence while failing to completely activate the orderly program of RS. The promoters of genes differentially expressed in either RS or SIPS are unusually enriched by the binding sites for homeobox family proteins, with particular emphasis on HMX1, IRX2, HDX and HOXC13. Additionally, we identified Iroquois Homeobox 2 (IRX2) as a master regulator for the secretion of SPP1-encoded osteopontin, a stromal driver for tumor growth that is overexpressed by both RS and SIPS fibroblasts. The latter supports the hypothesis that senescence-specific de-repression of SPP1 aids in SIPS-dependent stromal activation. Conclusions Reanalysis of previously published experimental data is cost-effective approach for extraction of additional insignts into the functioning of biological systems. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3352-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil C Kural
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | | | - Mikhail Skoblov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia
| | | | - Ancha V Baranova
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA. .,Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia. .,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia.
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Li J, Cai D, Yao X, Zhang Y, Chen L, Jing P, Wang L, Wang Y. Protective Effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells through Attenuating Oxidative Stress and the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in a Mouse Model of d-Galactose-induced Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060849. [PMID: 27294914 PMCID: PMC4926383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell senescence is an important and current hypothesis accounting for organismal aging, especially the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC). Ginsenoside Rg1 is the main active pharmaceutical ingredient of ginseng, which is a traditional Chinese medicine. This study explored the protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on Sca-1⁺ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSC/HPCs) in a mouse model of d-galactose-induced aging. The mimetic aging mouse model was induced by continuous injection of d-gal for 42 days, and the C57BL/6 mice were respectively treated with ginsenoside Rg1, Vitamin E or normal saline after 7 days of d-gal injection. Compared with those in the d-gal administration alone group, ginsenoside Rg1 protected Sca-1⁺ HSC/HPCs by decreasing SA-β-Gal and enhancing the colony forming unit-mixture (CFU-Mix), and adjusting oxidative stress indices like reactive oxygen species (ROS), total anti-oxidant (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) and malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, ginsenoside Rg1 decreased β-catenin and c-Myc mRNA expression and enhanced the phosphorylation of GSK-3β. Moreover, ginsenoside Rg1 down-regulated advanced glycation end products (AGEs), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), phospho-histone H2A.X (r-H2A.X), 8-OHdG, p16(Ink4a), Rb, p21(Cip1/Waf1) and p53 in senescent Sca-1⁺ HSC/HPCs. Our findings indicated that ginsenoside Rg1 can improve the resistance of Sca-1⁺ HSC/HPCs in a mouse model of d-galactose-induced aging through the suppression of oxidative stress and excessive activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and reduction of DNA damage response, p16(Ink4a)-Rb and p53-p21(Cip1/Waf1) signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Dachuan Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xin Yao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Linbo Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Pengwei Jing
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yaping Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Molecular and Cellular Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Human Lung Cancer Cells: Potential Therapeutic Implications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1908164. [PMID: 27375834 PMCID: PMC4916325 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1908164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer has a very high mortality-to-incidence ratio, representing one of the main causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Therefore, new treatment strategies are urgently needed. Several diseases including lung cancer have been associated with the action of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from which hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of the most studied. Despite the fact that H2O2 may have opposite effects on cell proliferation depending on the concentration and cell type, it triggers several antiproliferative responses. H2O2 produces both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA lesions, increases the expression of cell adhesion molecules, and increases p53 activity and other transcription factors orchestrating cancer cell death. In addition, H2O2 facilitates the endocytosis of oligonucleotides, affects membrane proteins, induces calcium release, and decreases cancer cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, the MAPK pathway and the expression of genes related to inflammation including interleukins, TNF-α, and NF-κB are also affected by H2O2. Herein, we will summarize the main effects of hydrogen peroxide on human lung cancer leading to suggesting it as a potential therapeutic tool to fight this disease. Because of the multimechanistic nature of this molecule, novel therapeutic approaches for lung cancer based on the use of H2O2 may help to decrease the mortality from this malignancy.
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26
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Apoptosis or senescence? Which exit route do epithelial cells and fibroblasts preferentially follow? Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 156:17-24. [PMID: 27060261 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Senescence and apoptosis constitute types of cellular responses that normally ensure homeostasis, when endogenous or exogenous signals occur. Their deregulation is often observed in various pathologies, such as age and non-age related diseases including cancer. Although epithelial cells and fibroblasts are capable to exert both functions, under a plethora of insults, the fact that they exhibit notable intrinsic differences in cell/tissue homeostasis properties, might be a crucial determinant of the mode of response to a certain stress signal. Sparse evidence in the literature reveals that in the same tissue/organ context and under the same conditions, the cell type seems to drive the differential counteraction between epithelia and fibroblasts. Based on the above notion we propose that, upon stress insults, human fibroblasts seem to predominantly respond via senescence, while epithelial cells prefer to exert apoptosis. We suggest that considering the tissue as a whole (epithelium and stroma) would benefit research into new therapeutic strategies for chronic diseases and cancer.
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27
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Biziota E, Briasoulis E, Mavroeidis L, Marselos M, Harris AL, Pappas P. Cellular and molecular effects of metronomic vinorelbine and 4-O-deacetylvinorelbine on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Anticancer Drugs 2016; 27:216-24. [PMID: 26629767 PMCID: PMC4733659 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metronomic oral vinorelbine (VRL; Navelbine) was shown in clinical trials to yield sustainable antitumor activity possibly through antiangiogenic mechanisms. We investigated the effects of protracted low-dose VRL on human umbilical vein endothelial cells, compared with a conventional chemotherapy model. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell cultures were treated with different concentrations of VRL (0.001 nmol/l to 1 mmol/l) for 4, 24 and 96 h. The effects of different drug concentrations on cell growth, cell cycle, apoptosis and expression of the angiogenesis-modulating genes interleukin-8, cyclooxygenase-2, CD36 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ were assessed using the metronomic or conventional chemotherapy model. Apoptosis and cell-cycle effects were assessed by flow cytometry. Gene expression was measured at the transcript level by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR, protein expression by immunoblotting and levels of proteins secreted in the cell medium by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Activation of the nuclear factor-κB pathway was investigated by immunoblot analysis of cytosolic and nuclear protein extracts. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of VRL at 96 h were four orders lower compared with those after a 24-h exposure (1.23 nmol/l vs. 32 mmol/l for VRL). Drug concentrations at high nanomolar levels and above, which are relevant to conventional pulsatile dosing of VRL, induced a dose-dependent and nuclear factor-κB-related increase in proangiogenic interleukin-8 and cyclooxygenase-2 and a decrease in the thrombospondin-1 receptor CD36 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ at mRNA and protein levels. In contrast, the opposite was evident with protracted picomolar to low nanomolar concentrations (metronomic dosing). Our data provide experimental support for metronomic VRL by showing that a protracted low dose outperforms pulsed high-dose administration in inducing antiangiogenic effects in proliferating human endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evangelos Briasoulis
- Interscience Molecular Laboratory, Cancer Biobank Center
- Department of Haematology, Division of Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Leonidas Mavroeidis
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Adrian L. Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Ma B, Fey M, Hottiger MO. WNT/β-catenin signaling inhibits CBP-mediated RelA acetylation and expression of proinflammatory NF-κB target genes. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:2430-6. [PMID: 26021349 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.168542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of functional crosstalk between WNT and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling has established a more complex role for these two pathways in inflammation and cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of the crosstalk and its biological consequences are largely unknown. Here, we show that WNT/β-catenin signaling selectively inhibits the expression of a proinflammatory subset of IL-1β-induced NF-κB target genes. WNT/β-catenin signaling does not affect nuclear translocation of the RelA subunit of NF-κB or its association with CBP (also known as CREBBP), but reduces CBP-mediated acetylation and chromatin recruitment of RelA. Thus, β-catenin selectively regulates NF-κB gene expression through its negative effects on RelA acetylation. This anti-inflammatory effect may be relevant for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland Division of Immunology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8032, Switzerland
| | - Monika Fey
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Michael O Hottiger
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
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29
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TIGAR regulates DNA damage and repair through pentosephosphate pathway and Cdk5-ATM pathway. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9853. [PMID: 25928429 PMCID: PMC4415581 DOI: 10.1038/srep09853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous study revealed that the protective effect of TIGAR in cell survival is mediated through the increase in PPP (pentose phosphate pathway) flux. However, it remains unexplored if TIGAR plays an important role in DNA damage and repair. This study investigated the role of TIGAR in DNA damage response (DDR) induced by genotoxic drugs and hypoxia in tumor cells. Results showed that TIGAR was increased and relocated to the nucleus after epirubicin or hypoxia treatment in cancer cells. Knockdown of TIGAR exacerbated DNA damage and the effects were partly reversed by the supplementation of PPP products NADPH, ribose, or the ROS scavenger NAC. Further studies with pharmacological and genetic approaches revealed that TIGAR regulated the phosphorylation of ATM, a key protein in DDR, through Cdk5. The Cdk5-AMT signal pathway involved in regulation of DDR by TIGAR defines a new role of TIGAR in cancer cell survival and it suggests that TIGAR may be a therapeutic target for cancers.
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Iannetti A, Ledoux AC, Tudhope SJ, Sellier H, Zhao B, Mowla S, Moore A, Hummerich H, Gewurz BE, Cockell SJ, Jat PS, Willmore E, Perkins ND. Regulation of p53 and Rb links the alternative NF-κB pathway to EZH2 expression and cell senescence. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004642. [PMID: 25255445 PMCID: PMC4177746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There are two major pathways leading to induction of NF-κB subunits. The classical (or canonical) pathway typically leads to the induction of RelA or c-Rel containing complexes, and involves the degradation of IκBα in a manner dependent on IκB kinase (IKK) β and the IKK regulatory subunit NEMO. The alternative (or non-canonical) pathway, involves the inducible processing of p100 to p52, leading to the induction of NF-κB2(p52)/RelB containing complexes, and is dependent on IKKα and NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK). Here we demonstrate that in primary human fibroblasts, the alternative NF-κB pathway subunits NF-κB2 and RelB have multiple, but distinct, effects on the expression of key regulators of the cell cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and protein stability. Specifically, following siRNA knockdown, quantitative PCR, western blot analyses and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) show that NF-κB2 regulates the expression of CDK4 and CDK6, while RelB, through the regulation of genes such as PSMA5 and ANAPC1, regulates the stability of p21WAF1 and the tumour suppressor p53. These combine to regulate the activity of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb, leading to induction of polycomb protein EZH2 expression. Moreover, our ChIP analysis demonstrates that EZH2 is also a direct NF-κB target gene. Microarray analysis revealed that in fibroblasts, EZH2 antagonizes a subset of p53 target genes previously associated with the senescent cell phenotype, including DEK and RacGAP1. We show that this pathway provides the major route of crosstalk between the alternative NF-κB pathway and p53, a consequence of which is to suppress cell senescence. Importantly, we find that activation of NF-κB also induces EZH2 expression in CD40L stimulated cells from Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia patients. We therefore propose that this pathway provides a mechanism through which microenvironment induced NF-κB can inhibit tumor suppressor function and promote tumorigenesis. Although the classical NF-κB pathway is frequently associated with the induction of cellular senescence and the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP), the role of the alternative NF-κB pathway, which is frequently activated in hematological malignancies as well as some solid tumors, has not been defined. We therefore investigated the role of the alternative NF-κB pathway in this process. Here we report that NF-κB2 and RelB, the effectors of the alternative NF-κB pathway, suppress senescence through inhibition of p53 activity. Using primary human fibroblasts, we demonstrate that this is accomplished through NF-κB2/RelB dependent control of a previously unknown pathway, incorporating regulation of CDK4 and 6 expression as well as regulators of p21WAF1 and p53 protein stability. Loss of NF-κB2/RelB results in suppression of retinoblastoma (Rb) tumour suppressor phosphorylation, which in turn leads to inhibition of EZH2 expression and de-repression of p53 activity. Interestingly, we find that CD40 ligand stimulation of cells from Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia patients, which strongly induces the alternative NF-κB pathway, also induces EZH2 expression. We propose that the alternative NF-κB pathway can promote tumorigenesis through suppression of p53 dependent senescence, a process that may have relevance to cancer cells retaining wild type p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Iannetti
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Adeline C. Ledoux
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Susan J. Tudhope
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Hélène Sellier
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Zhao
- Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sophia Mowla
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Moore
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Holger Hummerich
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin E. Gewurz
- Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Simon J. Cockell
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Parmjit S. Jat
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Willmore
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Neil D. Perkins
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Glucose dominates the regulation of carboxylesterases induced by lipopolysaccharide or interleukin-6 in primary mouse hepatocytes. Life Sci 2014; 112:41-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Meseguer S, Martínez-Zamora A, García-Arumí E, Andreu AL, Armengod ME. The ROS-sensitive microRNA-9/9* controls the expression of mitochondrial tRNA-modifying enzymes and is involved in the molecular mechanism of MELAS syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 24:167-84. [PMID: 25149473 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction activates mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling pathways whose components are mostly unknown. Identification of these components is important to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial diseases and to discover putative therapeutic targets. MELAS syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in mitochondrial (mt) DNA affecting mt-tRNA(Leu(UUR)). Patient and cybrid cells exhibit elevated oxidative stress. Moreover, mutant mt-tRNAs(Leu(UUR)) lack the taurine-containing modification normally present at the wobble uridine (U34) of wild-type mt-tRNA(Leu(UUR)), which is considered an etiology of MELAS. However, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. We found that MELAS cybrids exhibit a significant decrease in the steady-state levels of several mt-tRNA-modification enzymes, which is not due to transcriptional regulation. We demonstrated that oxidative stress mediates an NFkB-dependent induction of microRNA-9/9*, which acts as a post-transcriptional negative regulator of the mt-tRNA-modification enzymes GTPBP3, MTO1 and TRMU. Down-regulation of these enzymes by microRNA-9/9* affects the U34 modification status of non-mutant tRNAs and contributes to the MELAS phenotype. Anti-microRNA-9 treatments of MELAS cybrids reverse the phenotype, whereas miR-9 transfection of wild-type cells mimics the effects of siRNA-mediated down-regulation of GTPBP3, MTO1 and TRMU. Our data represent the first evidence that an mt-DNA disease can directly affect microRNA expression. Moreover, we demonstrate that the modification status of mt-tRNAs is dynamic and that cells respond to stress by modulating the expression of mt-tRNA-modifying enzymes. microRNA-9/9* is a crucial player in mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling as it regulates expression of nuclear genes in response to changes in the functional state of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Meseguer
- Laboratory of RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez-Zamora
- Laboratory of RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - Elena García-Arumí
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain Biomedical Research Networking Centre for Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (node U701), Barcelona, Spain and
| | - Antonio L Andreu
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain Biomedical Research Networking Centre for Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (node U701), Barcelona, Spain and
| | - M-Eugenia Armengod
- Laboratory of RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia 46012, Spain CIBERER (node U721), Valencia, Spain
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Xiong J, Yang H, Wu L, Shang W, Shan E, Liu W, Hu G, Xi T, Yang J. Fluoxetine suppresses AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway to promote hepatic lipid accumulation in primary mouse hepatocytes. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 54:236-44. [PMID: 25102273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the previous study, we demonstrated that fluoxetine (FLX) regulated lipogenic and lipolytic genes to promote hepatic lipid accumulation. On this basis, underlying mechanisms were investigated by focusing on the intracellular signaling transduction in the present study using primary mouse hepatocytes. The expression of lipogenesis- and lipolysis-related genes was evaluated with the application of specific activators and inhibitors. Activation status of respective signaling pathway and the lipid accumulation in hepatocytes were analyzed. We provided evidence that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside) significantly suppressed the increased expression of representative lipogenesis-related genes, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) by FLX, while increased the repressed expression of lipolysis-related genes, carboxylesterases. In the meanwhile, FLX regulated the above genes in the same way as AMPK inhibitor Compound C did. Furthermore, AICAR inhibited the proteolytic activation of SREBP1c induced by FLX, resulting in the decreased level of nuclear SREBP1c. Further studies demonstrated that FLX significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of AMPK and subsequent phosphorylation of ACC, following the inhibited phosphorylation and nuclear export of liver kinase B1 (LKB1). As a functional analysis, FLX-induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes was repeatedly abolished by AICAR. In conclusion, FLX-induced hepatic lipid accumulation is mediated by the suppression of AMPK signaling pathway. The findings not only provide new insight into the understanding of the mechanisms for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors-mediated dyslipidemia effects, but also suggest a novel therapeutic target to interfere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Research Center of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Enfang Shan
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Tao Xi
- Research Center of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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Deng Z, Zhou JJ, Sun SY, Zhao X, Sun Y, Pu XP. Procaterol but not dexamethasone protects 16HBE cells from H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress. J Pharmacol Sci 2014; 125:39-50. [PMID: 24739282 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.13206fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological factor of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that procaterol and dexamethasone might treat inflammation through inhibiting oxidative stress in vitro. This study evaluated procaterol and dexamethasone in the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced immortal human bronchial epithelial cell model of oxidative stress and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Results showed that exposure to 125 μM H2O2 for 2 h led to a 50% reduction in the cell viability, significantly increased the percentage of apoptosis, and elevated levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species. Pretreatment with procaterol (25 - 200 nM) could reduce these effects in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, pretreatment with dexamethasone (100 nM, 1000 nM) was inefficient. Pretreatment with procaterol plus dexamethasone (100 nM procaterol + 1000 nM dexamethasone) was effective, but the combined effect was not more effective than the sole pretreatment with 100 nM procaterol. The nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway was involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of H2O2. Procaterol may indirectly inhibit H2O2-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway due to its capability of antioxidation. Glucocorticoids may be not recommended to treat asthma or COPD complicated with severe oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, China
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Peng DF, Hu TL, Soutto M, Belkhiri A, El-Rifai W. Loss of glutathione peroxidase 7 promotes TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation in Barrett's carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1620-8. [PMID: 24692067 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a classic example of inflammation-associated cancer, which develops through GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)-Barrett's esophagus (BE)-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence. The incidence of EAC has been rising rapidly in the USA and Western countries during the last few decades. The functions of glutathione peroxidase 7 (GPX7), an antioxidant enzyme frequently silenced during Barrett's tumorigenesis, remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we investigated the potential role of GPX7 in regulating nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activity in esophageal cells. Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence and luciferase reporter assay data indicated that reconstitution of GPX7 expression in CP-A (non-dysplastic BE cells) and FLO-1 (EAC cells) abrogated tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity (P < 0.01) and nuclear translocation of NF-κB-p65 (P = 0.01). In addition, we detected a marked reduction in phosphorylation levels of components of NF-κB signaling pathway, p-p65 (S536), p-IκB-α (S32) and p-IKKα/β (S176/180), as well as significant suppression in induction of NF-κB target genes [TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1β, CXCL-1 and CXCL-2] following treatment with TNF-α in GPX7-expressing FLO-1 cells as compared with control cells. We validated these effects by knockdown of GPX7 expression in HET1A (normal esophageal squamous cells). We found that GPX7-mediated suppression of NF-κB is independent of reactive oxygen species level and GPX7 antioxidant function. Further mechanistic investigations demonstrated that GPX7 promotes protein degradation of TNF-receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), suggesting that GPX7 modulates critical upstream regulators of NF-κB. We concluded that the loss of GPX7 expression is a critical step in promoting the TNF-α-induced activation of proinflammatory NF-κB signaling, a major player in GERD-associated Barrett's carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun-Fa Peng
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Tian-Ling Hu
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and
| | - Mohammed Soutto
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and
| | - Abbes Belkhiri
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Mao YB, Liu SQ, Tan L, Zhou Q, Huang JA. EGb761 enhances cisplatin- and etoposide-induced apoptosis of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:3330-3337. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i31.3330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) combined with cisplatin or etoposide on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 and to explore the possible mechanisms involved.
METHODS: SGC-7901 cells were treated with EGb761, cisplatin, etoposide, or EGb761 combined with cisplatin or etoposide. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The colorimetric method was used to detect the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in cells. The protein expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), p-ERK1/2 and nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 was determined by Western blot.
RESULTS: Monotherapy with each of EGb761, cisplatin and etoposide significantly inhibited the growth of SGC-790l cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. EGb761 significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of cisplatin and etoposide on cell growth. Cells treated with EGb761 combined either cisplatin or EGb761 showed a significantly higher level of apoptosis than those treated with cisplatin or etoposide alone. Compared to the control group, the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT were notably elevated (SOD: 16.57 U/mg prot ± 3.20 U/mg prot vs 25.96 U/mg prot ± 3.57 U/mg prot; CAT: 2.51 U/mg prot ± 0.32 U/mg prot vs 3.79 U/mg prot ± 0.55 U/mg prot; GSH-Px: 22.18 µmol/(min•mg) prot ± 4.36 µmol/(min•mg) prot vs 33.49 µmol/(min•mg) prot ± 5.64 µmol/(min•mg) prot; all P < 0.05) and the content of MDA was significantly decreased (2.46 nmol/mg prot ± 0.38 nmol/mg prot vs 1.42 nmol/mg prot ± 0.26 nmol/mg prot, P < 0.05) in cells treated with EGb761. The expression of ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2 and NF-κBp65 was significantly induced by cisplatin or etoposide, while EGb761 suppressed the expression of ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2 and NF-κBp65 induced by cisplatin or etoposide. The expression levels of ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2 and NF-κBp65 in the control group, cisplatin group, EGB761 + cisplatin group, etoposide group and EGB761 + etoposide group were as follows: ERK1/2: 0.496 ± 0.078, 0.831 ± 0.091, 0.521 ± 0.082, 0.816 ± 0.101, 0.489 ± 0.072; p-ERK1/2: 0.289 ± 0.032, 0.521 ± 0.068, 0.276 ± 0.049, 0.486 ± 0.087, 0.298 ± 0.053; NF-κBp65: 0.268 ± 0.038, 0.456 ± 0.08, 0.276 ± 0.052, 0.446 ± 0.076, 0.229 ± 0.056).
CONCLUSION: EGb761 enhances cisplatin- and etoposide-induced apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells possibly by enhancing cellular antioxidant capacity and suppressing the up-regulation of ERK, p-ERK and NF-κBp65 protein expression.
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RETRACTED: Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIγ, a critical mediator of the NF-κB network, is a novel therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2013; 344:119-128. [PMID: 24189456 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).
This article has been regretfully retracted at the request of the authors due to mistakes which occurred during the figure preparation. Although the authors published a corrigendum about these mistakes (Cancer Lett. 2016 Aug 1. pii: S0304-3835(16)30443-8), they now feel that it is more appropriate to retract the paper to keep their research at a high standard. All authors have agreed to this decision and apologize for any inconvenience caused by retraction of this article.
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Starkweather AR, Lyon DE, Elswick RK, Montpetit AJ, Conley Y, McCain NL. A Conceptual Model of Psychoneurological Symptom Cluster Variation in Women with Breast Cancer: Bringing Nursing Research to Personalized Medicine. CURRENT PHARMACOGENOMICS AND PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2013; 11:224-230. [PMID: 24497894 PMCID: PMC3909649 DOI: 10.2174/18756921113119990004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Personalized medicine applies knowledge about the patient's individual characteristics in relation to health and intervention outcomes, including treatment response and adverse side-effects, to develop a tailored treatment plan. For women with breast cancer, personalized medicine has substantially improved the rate of survival, however, a high proportion of these women report multiple, co-occurring psychoneurological symptoms over the treatment trajectory that adversely affect their quality of life. In a subset of these women, co-occurring symptoms referred to as symptoms clusters, can persist long after treatment has ended. Over the past decade, research from the field of nursing and other health sciences has specifically examined the potential underlying mechanisms of the psychoneurological symptom cluster in women with breast cancer. Recent findings suggest that epigenetic and genomic factors contribute to inter-individual variability in the experience of psychoneurological symptoms during and after breast cancer treatment. While nursing research has been underrepresented in the field of personalized medicine, these studies represent a shared goal; that is, to improve patient outcomes by considering the individual's risk of short- and long-term adverse symptoms. The aim of this paper is to introduce a conceptual model of the individual variations that influence psychoneurological symptoms in women with breast cancer, including perceived stress, hypothalamic-pituitary adrenocortical axis dysfunction, inflammation, as well as epigenetic and genomic factors. The proposed concepts will help bring nursing research and personalized medicine together, in hopes that this hitherto neglected and understudied area of biomedical research convergence may ultimately lead to the development of more targeted clinical nursing strategies in breast cancer patients with psychoneurological symptoms.
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