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Mobarki M, Papoudou-Bai A, Musawi S, Péoc'h M, Karpathiou G. The detailed histopathological characteristics of ovarian fibroma compared with thecoma, granulosa cell tumor, and sclerosing stromal tumor. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155236. [PMID: 38447489 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian fibromas are benign tumors that can present peculiar morphological features not studied sufficiently. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this retrospective study, 75 consecutive cases of ovarian fibroma were morphologically compared with 46 thecomas, 16 granulosa cell tumors, and 5 sclerosing stroma tumors for the following factors: the growth pattern as diffuse or nodular, the presence of hyaline plaques, necrosis, keloid-like sclerosis, calcifications, cystic degeneration, fibrous or edematous stroma, prominent vascularity, lutein cells, cellularity, scant or abundant cytoplasm, prominent cell membranes, nuclear grooves, atypia, and mitotic activity. RESULTS The tumors differed significantly in terms of hyaline plaques presence, nuclear grooves, growth pattern, stroma type, tumor cellularity, cytoplasm, prominence of cell membranes, atypia, mitotic activity, and prominent vascularity. CONCLUSION Ovarian fibromas can present some maybe unexpected features rather frequently, such as cystic degeneration, hyaline plaques, prominent vascularity, increased cellularity, and some mitotic activity, thus their presence should not always prompt to an alternative diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Mobarki
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shaqraa Musawi
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michel Péoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.
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2
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Karpathiou G, Sim A, Picot T, Mekhzoumi K, Chauleur C, Péoc'h M. Immunohistochemical and Molecular Characteristics of Anogenital Papillary Hidradenomas. Am J Dermatopathol 2024; 46:79-82. [PMID: 38055985 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary hidradenomas (PHs) of the anogenital region are uncommon tumors whose immunohistochemical and molecular profile have been infrequently studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 15 PHs by next-generation sequencing and 10 immunohistochemical markers (PAX8, GATA3, HER2, MSH6, PMS2, estrogen, progesterone and androgen receptors, CK14, and NKX3.1). RESULTS All cases expressed GATA3, whereas none expressed PAX8, and rare tumor cells were NKX3.1-positive. Almost all cases expressed estrogen receptors (ER), progesteron receptors (PR), and androgen receptors (AR). CK14 was expressed by myoepithelial cells, whereas only rarely by the epithelial tumor cells. HER2 showed no significant expression. Immunohistochemical expression for the mismatch repair proteins showed persistence in all cases. Molecular analysis often showed PIK3CA mutations, as well as KRAS , SMO , and MAP2K1 mutations. CONCLUSION Anogenital PHs frequently harbor PIK3CA mutations and show a PAX8-, GATA3/ER/PR/AR + immunohistochemical profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Celine Chauleur
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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3
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Mobarki M, Musawi S, Alibrahim MY, Péoc'h M, Karpathiou G. Gastrointestinal Tactile Corpuscle-Like Bodies: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature. Int J Surg Pathol 2023:10668969231195076. [PMID: 37715640 DOI: 10.1177/10668969231195076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tactile corpuscle-like bodies are a rare, incidental, entirely benign finding. It is mainly reported in the colorectum and esophagus/gastro-esophageal junction. Rare cases have been documented in the stomach. Here, we present two cases of gastric and colonic tactile corpuscle-like bodies of a 38-year-old female and a 55-year-old male, respectively. Endoscopically, the colonic lesion was resected as an adenomatous polyp, while the gastric biopsies were taken to rule out Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) gastritis. Microscopically, both specimens revealed the same histopathologic aspects of eosinophilic fibrillary material with round to oval cells and peripherally placed nuclei. Immunohistochemically, these lesions were positive for anti-S100, confirming the diagnosis of tactile corpuscle-like bodies. A thorough literature review is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Mobarki
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Histopathology Department, Jazan Regional Laboratory and Blood Bank, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaqraa Musawi
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Michel Péoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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4
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Sim A, Devouassoux-Shisheboran M, Benmoulay-Rigollot C, Picot T, Péoc'h M, Karpathiou G. Uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor with THBS1-INSR fusion. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 246:154500. [PMID: 37156213 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are rare and, as in other localisations, they are associated with ALK rearrangements and ALK immunohistochemical expression. They are more frequently found during pregnancy, and in this context, they show different characteristics compared to other uterine IMTs. Here, we report the case of a uterine IMT discovered during delivery, and being associated with a previously unreported THBS1-INSR fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sim
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | | | - Tiphanie Picot
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Péoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.
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5
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Stolnicu S, Brito MJ, Karpathiou G, Hoang L, Felix A, Mateoiu C, Fanni D, Reques A, Garcia A, Hardisson D, Talu CK, Furtado A, Abu-Rustum N, Soslow RA, Park KJ. Villoglandular Pattern in HPV-associated Endocervical Adenocarcinoma is Associated With Excellent Prognosis: A Reappraisal of 31 Cases Using IECC and Silva Pattern Classification. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2023; 42:270-277. [PMID: 36508680 PMCID: PMC10163996 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix is a rare histologic entity that typically develops in young women, characterized by an association with oral contraceptives and excellent prognosis, though this point is controversial. These tumors have not been studied in the context of the International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC) or Silva Pattern Classification. We analyzed 31 cases that met strict diagnostic criteria, including being completely excised with negative margins. These were categorized according to IECC and Silva Pattern Classification and the association with various pathologic parameters analyzed. Most patients were young with a mean age of 41.1 (range 25-79). There were 14 (45.2%) pattern A, 11 (35.5%) pattern B, and 6 (19.3%) pattern C cases. Only 1 of 22 patients (4.5%) presented with lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis (pattern C, stage IB1) and 3 (9.7%) had lymphovascular invasion (2 pattern C, 1 pattern B). Overall survival was 100%, while recurrence-free survival was 96.2% for the entire cohort with only 1 case (3.2%) recurring 25 mo after surgery (IB2, pattern B). Kaplan Meier analysis (log rank test) revealed no significant correlation for recurrence-free survival at 5 and 10 yr associated with depth of invasion, tumor size, Silva pattern, FIGO stage, lymphovascular invasion, or lymph node metastasis. Cox univariate analysis demonstrated no independent prognostic factors predicting recurrence-free survival. These results indicate that completely excised villoglandular adenocarcinoma generally has an excellent prognosis and when Silva Pattern Classification is applied, those tumors that potentially have a higher chance for adverse outcomes can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Stolnicu
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Maria Jose Brito
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | | | - Lynn Hoang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ana Felix
- NOVA Medical School – UNL, Department of Pathology, Instituto Portugues de Oncologia, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Claudia Mateoiu
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital. Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniela Fanni
- Department of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Armando Reques
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Garcia
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Hardisson
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Cancer Network (CIBERONC); Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid; Madrid, Spain
| | - Canan Kelten Talu
- Department of Pathology, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Antonia Furtado
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nadeem Abu-Rustum
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Robert A Soslow
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Kay J Park
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
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6
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Karpathiou G, Dridi M, Papoudou-Bai A, Perard M, Clemenson A, Chauleur C, Peoc'h M. The Presence of the Autophagic Markers LC3B and Sequestosome 1/p62 in the Hydatidiform Mole. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2023; 42:301-307. [PMID: 35512216 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is implicated in normal pregnancy and various pathologic pregnancy conditions. Its presence in hydatidiform moles (HM) is unknown. We immunohistochemically studied 36 HM for LC3B and p62 to precisely determine their expression in the decidua, endometrium, and villi. Nineteen nonmolar pregnancies were also studied. LC3B was found in almost half of the villi and p62 was found in almost all villi. LC3B expression was significantly higher in complete HM than in partial HM. LC3B showed different expression patterns in trophoblast layers. LC3B and p62 expression was higher in molar than nonmolar pregnancies. Autophagic markers are present in HM and their expression differs between complete and partial moles.
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7
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Krebs-Drouot L, Karpathiou G, Scolan V, Bidat-Callet C, Boyer B, Péoc'h M. Death due to unsuspected acute myeloid leukaemia: an unusual forensic diagnosis. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023; 19:60-66. [PMID: 35984604 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-022-00516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a rare haematologic cancer with a rapid increase in blast cells, which need to be rapidly diagnosed and treated. The aim of this report is to analyse the rare phenomenon of AML diagnosed at autopsy after sudden death. We report three cases of AML and perform a literature review using the mesh terms "sudden death" and "leukaemia". We report the cases of three young women diagnosed with AML only after autopsy. We found seven articles which reported sudden death due to AML diagnosed at autopsy. Diagnosis of AML during autopsy is rare but can raise forensic issues. A complete autopsy with pathology analysis is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lila Krebs-Drouot
- Forensic Medicine Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche, Grenoble, France.
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Virginie Scolan
- Forensic Medicine Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche, Grenoble, France
| | - Carolyne Bidat-Callet
- Forensic Medicine Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Baptiste Boyer
- Forensic Medicine Department, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Michel Péoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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8
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Mobarki M, Papoudou-Bai A, Dumollard JM, Alhazmi AH, Musawi S, Madkhali MA, Muqri KY, Péoc’h M, Karpathiou G. Crystal-Storing Histiocytosis: The Iceberg of More Serious Conditions. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020271. [PMID: 36673081 PMCID: PMC9858286 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystal-storing histiocytosis is a rare condition that is histologically characterized by intracellular cytoplasmic crystalline inclusions. It usually presents monoclonal immunoglobulins that deposit within histiocytes, which accumulate and affect different organs of the human body and are commonly associated with lymphoproliferative conditions, especially those with plasmacytic differentiation. The prognosis of this condition is variable and related to the underlying clinical disease. In this review article, we aim to describe and discuss the clinical and pathological characteristics of crystal-storing histiocytosis based on the available literature and to provide a thorough differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Mobarki
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-540926111
| | - Alexandra Papoudou-Bai
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 47100 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Jean Marc Dumollard
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Abdulaziz H. Alhazmi
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaqraa Musawi
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Madkhali
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Y. Muqri
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michel Péoc’h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France
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9
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Dridi M, Peoc'h M, Karpathiou G. Primary endometrial gastric (gastro-intestinal)-type carcinoma: A practical approach. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154271. [PMID: 36502736 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The latest WHO classification of the female genital tract tumors introduces a new type of carcinoma: the primary gastric-type (or gastro-intestinal type) carcinoma of the endometrium. This type of neoplasm tends to have a poor outcome, making its correct diagnostic important. As little is known about this entity and given its quite challenging diagnosis, we aim to review existing data about it and propose a practical diagnostic approach. There are currently 11 cases published in 8 articles fitting the precise definition of a primary gastric-type carcinoma of the endometrium. Three main differential diagnoses must be excluded before considering this tumor: endometrioid adenocarcinoma with mucinous (Müllerian-type) differentiation, endocervical primary, and gastro-intestinal primary. Morphological aspects of this tumor can be heterogeneous and confusing; in this context, immunochemistry can be helpful to highlight the gastric or intestinal differentiation, but also to eliminate a mucinous endometrioid adenocarcinoma of Müllerian-type, by the constant negativity of estrogen receptors. A metastasis of a primary gastro-intestinal tract carcinoma must also be excluded by clinical, endoscopic and imaging work-up. Finally, an endometrial extension of a primary endocervical gastric-type carcinoma should be ruled out by complete sampling of the cervix. Intestinal type endocervical adenocarcinoma is easier to eliminate since this is an HPV-associated neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
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10
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Désage AL, Mismetti V, Jacob M, Pointel S, Perquis MP, Morfin M, Guezara S, Langrand A, Galor C, Trouillon T, Diaz A, Karpathiou G, Froudarakis M. Place du pneumologue interventionnel dans la gestion des pleurésies métastatiques. Rev Mal Respir 2022; 39:778-790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Karpathiou G, Vincent M, Dumollard JM, Mobarki M, Péoc’h M. PD-L1 expression in head and neck cancer tissue specimens decreases with time. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 237:154042. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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12
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Laville D, Martin L, Chauleur C, Mehdi A, Peoc'h M, Karpathiou G. Florid Lymphoid Hyperplasia or Lymphoma-like Lesion of the Lower Genital Tract: A 35-Year Literature Review in View of the New WHO Classification. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2022; 41:459-469. [PMID: 34723846 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Florid lymphoid hyperplasias of the lower female genital tract, also known as pseudolymphoma or lymphoma-like lesions, are benign lesions displaying histologic features which mimic aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Initially described by Young and colleagues in 1985, fewer than 100 cases have been published, making this lesion rather uncommon and subject to misdiagnoses. However, given that this entity has now been included in the World Health Organization's most recent classification, greater clarity would be beneficial for pathologists and physicians. Thus, our report aims to review these entities and provide all available data. We reviewed the available literature according to PRISMA guidelines. We found that lymphoma-like lesions, regardless of their localization, display numerous superficial lymphoid B cells admixed with a polymorphic small lymphocytic and plasmocytic background and, sometimes, superficial ulceration. Large lymphoid cells show prominent nucleoli and mitotic figures. Immunohistochemistry can usually exclude large cell lymphomas, such as high-grade follicular lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma, when a starry sky pattern is found, as well as Hodgkin Lymphoma; however, the exclusion of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or marginal zone lymphoma is more difficult. Explorations seeking infectious agents may show Epstein-Barr virus or, rarely, Borrelia burgdorferi involvement. Molecular study occasionally finds a monoclonal B-cell population, but without the subsequent follow-up which would otherwise be worrisome. Despite its somewhat aggressive histologic features, the benignity of this entity must be highlighted to avoid misdiagnosis and complications due to overtreating.
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Karpathiou G, Mobarki M, Papoudou-Bai A, Grosjean V, Chauleur C, Péoc’h M. Autophagic factors in Paget disease. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 236:154001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Stolnicu S, Karpathiou G, Fernandez EG, Mateoiu C, Reques A, Garcia A, Bart J, Felix A, Fani D, Gama J, Hardisson D, Bennett JA, Parra-Herran C, Oliva E, Abu-Rustum N, Soslow RA, Park KJ. Clear Cell Carcinoma (CCC) of the Cervix Is a Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-independent Tumor Associated With Poor Outcome: A Comprehensive Analysis of 58 Cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2022; 46:765-773. [PMID: 34985047 PMCID: PMC9106829 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cervical clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is a rare human papillomavirus-independent adenocarcinoma. While recent studies have focused on gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (GTA), little is known about CCC. A total of 58 (CCCs) were collected from 14 international institutions and retrospectively analyzed using univariable and multivariable methods and compared with 36 gastric-type adenocarcinomas and 173 human papillomavirus-associated (HPVA) endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) regarding overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Most cases were FIGO stage I (72.4%), with Silva C pattern of invasion (77.6%), and the majority were treated with radical surgery (84.5%) and adjuvant therapy (55.2%). Lymphovascular invasion was present in 31%, while lymph node metastasis was seen in 24.1%; 10.3% were associated with abdominopelvic metastases at the time of diagnosis; 32.8% had recurrences, and 19% died of disease. We did not find statistically significant differences in OS and RFS between CCC and GTA at 5 and 10 years (P=0.313 and 0.508, respectively), but there were significant differences in both OS and RFS between CCC and HPVA ECA (P=0.003 and 0.032, respectively). Also, OS and RFS in stage I clear cell and GTA were similar (P=0.632 and 0.692, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that OS is influenced by the presence of recurrence (P=0.009), while RFS is influenced by the FIGO stage (P=0.025). Cervical CCC has poorer outcomes than HPVA ECA and similar outcomes to human papillomavirus-independent GTA. Oncologic treatment significantly influences RFS in univariate analysis but is not an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis suggesting that alternative therapies should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Stolnicu
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu Mures, Romania
| | | | | | - Claudia Mateoiu
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital. Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Armando Reques
- Department of Pathology, Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Garcia
- Department of Pathology, Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joost Bart
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Felix
- Instituto Portugues de Oncologia, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniela Fani
- Department of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Joao Gama
- Department of Pathology, Centro hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - David Hardisson
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz; Center for Biomedical Research in the Cancer Network (CIBERONC); Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid; Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Esther Oliva
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nadeem Abu-Rustum
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Robert A Soslow
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Kay J. Park
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
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Karpathiou G, Benli J, Désage AL, Jacob M, Tiffet O, Peoc’h M, Froudarakis ME. Prognostic role of immune microenvironment in pleural metastases from breast and lung adenocarcinomas. Ann Transl Med 2022; 10:430. [PMID: 35571452 PMCID: PMC9096424 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-6326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Jonas Benli
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Anne Laure Désage
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Mathilde Jacob
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Olivier Tiffet
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Michel Peoc’h
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Marios E. Froudarakis
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
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Stolnicu S, Hoang L, Almadani N, De Brot L, Baiocchi G, Bovolim G, Brito MJ, Karpathiou G, Ieni A, Guerra E, Kiyokawa T, Dundr P, Parra-Herran C, Lérias S, Felix A, Roma A, Pesci A, Oliva E, Park KJ, Soslow RA, Abu-Rustum NR. Clinical correlation of lymphovascular invasion and Silva pattern of invasion in early-stage endocervical adenocarcinoma: proposed binary Silva classification system. Pathology 2022; 54:548-554. [PMID: 35501168 PMCID: PMC9378671 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Silva invasion pattern can help predict lymph node metastasis risk in endocervical adenocarcinoma. We analysed Silva pattern of invasion and lymphovascular invasion to determine associations with clinical outcomes in stage IA and IB1 endocervical adenocarcinomas. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO; 2019 classification) stage IA-IB1 endocervical adenocarcinomas from 15 international institutions were examined for Silva pattern, presence of lymphovascular invasion, and other prognostic parameters. Lymph node metastasis status, local/distant recurrences, and survival data were compared using appropriate statistical tests. Of 399 tumours, 152 (38.1%) were stage IA [IA1, 77 (19.3%); IA2, 75 (18.8%)] and 247 (61.9%) were stage IB1. On multivariate analysis, lymphovascular invasion (p=0.008) and Silva pattern (p<0.001) were significant factors when comparing stage IA versus IB1 endocervical adenocarcinomas. Overall survival was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (p=0.028); recurrence-free survival was significantly associated with lymphovascular invasion (p=0.002) and stage (1B1 versus 1A) (p=0.002). Five and 10 year overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates were similar among Silva pattern A cases and Silva pattern B cases without lymphovascular invasion (p=0.165 and p=0.171, respectively). Silva pattern and lymphovascular invasion are important prognostic factors in stage IA1-IB1 endocervical adenocarcinomas and can supplement 2019 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging. Our binary Silva classification system groups patients into low risk (patterns A and B without lymphovascular invasion) and high risk (pattern B with lymphovascular invasion and pattern C) categories.
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Anevlavis S, Karpathiou G, Ntolios P, Froudarakis ME. Two years progression-free survival under vinorelbine metronomic therapy of a patient with metastatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2022; 92. [DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2022.1798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a very rare vascular tumor, originating from endothelial cells. The etiology of EHE is unknown, yet at the molecular level, different angiogenic stimulators may act as promoters of endothelial cell proliferation. The tumor affects more commonly the lung, the liver and the bones but it can affect any other organ. Due to its heterogeneous presentation and its rarity it is often misdiagnosed. No treatment is proved to be efficient in metastatic EHE and the median survival of patients with metastatic pleural disease is generally poor, less than one year. we report a case of a 57-year-old female with multiple metastatic EHE including pleural, diagnosed by medical thoracoscopy, with a progression-free survival of 24 months with oral vinorelbine as maintenance therapy after combination of cisplatin-vinorelbine. We believe that this therapy might be of value to test in this patient population as it has never been tested before.
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Karpathiou G, Chauleur C, Mathonat L, Dridi M, Picot T, Devouassoux-Shisheboran M, Peoc'h M. Morphologic diversity of the endometrial gastrointestinal-type adenocarcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 230:153759. [PMID: 35026644 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Celine Chauleur
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laure Mathonat
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Tiphanie Picot
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
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Dridi M, Papoudou-Bai A, Kanavaros P, Perard M, Clemenson A, Chauleur C, Peoc’h M, Karpathiou G. The immune microenvironment of the hydatidiform mole. Hum Pathol 2021; 120:35-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Karpathiou G, Ferrand E, Papoudou-Bai A, Camy F, Honeyman F, Dumollard JM, Peoc'h M. STAT6 and phosphorylated STAT6 are differentially expressed in lymphomas. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 229:153697. [PMID: 34839096 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The STAT6 pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of various lymphomas; however, its immunohistochemical expression has not been fully investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of the two forms of STAT6, phosphorylated or not, in a series of systemic lymphomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemical expression of two antibodies, STAT6 (clone YE361) and pSTAT6 (clone Y641), which recognise the phosphorylated form of the molecule was studied in 60 lymphomas. RESULTS STAT6YE361 expression was cytoplasmic, with 23.3% of the cases showing high expression. pSTAT6Y641 expression was mostly nuclear and found in 45% of the cases. pSTAT6Y641 nuclear expression was associated with the lymphoma type (p < 0.0001), as it was seen mostly in follicular, Hodgkin and angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphomas. STAT6YE361 cytoplasmic expression was also associated with lymphoma type (p = 0.001), as it was mostly found in diffuse large B cell and marginal B cell lymphomas. No association with PD-L1 expression, other clinicopathological data or prognosis was found. CONCLUSION The two STAT6 clones are differentially expressed between lymphoma types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elise Ferrand
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Florian Camy
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Fressia Honeyman
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, France
| | | | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
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21
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Karpathiou G, Chauleur C, Dal Col P, Peoc'h M. FOXA1 Expression by Immunohistochemistry in Carcinosarcomas of the Endometrium and Ovary/Fallopian Tube. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2021; 40:611-616. [PMID: 33770058 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
FOXA1, a transcription factor essential for the binding of other transcription factors on chromatin, is associated with hormone receptor-associated cancers, such as breast and endometrial cancer. It is also considered an antagonist of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In endometrial cancer, FOXA1 is considered a tumor suppressor; in carcinosarcoma, one of the most aggressive and rare subtypes of endometrial cancer, thought to be derived through an EMT mechanism, FOXA1 has not been studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible expression of FOXA1 in carcinosarcomas, and its correlation with clinicopathologic factors. This was a retrospective study of 31 patients diagnosed with carcinosarcomas of the uterus or the adnexa. Histologic and clinical factors were correlated with the immunohistochemical expression of FOXA1. FOXA1 was expressed by 38.7% of the carcinomatous components and 16.1% of the sarcomatous components. FOXA1-positive sarcomatous components were seen only with positive carcinomatous components (P=0.004). FOXA1 expression was not associated with age, primary tumor site, stage, metastases, overall survival, or tumor relapse. FOXA1 expression in the carcinomatous component was associated with an absence of lymphovascular invasion or the presence of heterologous components. FOXA1 expression in the sarcomatous component was associated with rhabdomyosarcoma, rather than the chondrosarcoma heterologous component. Carcinosarcomas harbor FOXA1 expression, although it is in their carcinomatous rather than sarcomatous components, suggesting a possible role of FOXA1 in the EMT of carcinosarcomas. FOXA1 shows no prognostic significance in this tumor group.
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Karpathiou G, Hamlat M, Dridi M, Forest F, Papoudou-Bai A, Dumollard JM, Peoc'h M. Autophagy and immune microenvironment in craniopharyngioma and ameloblastoma. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 123:104712. [PMID: 34655574 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Craniopharyngiomas and ameloblastomas show remarkable histologic and molecular similarities. The immune microenvironment of craniopharyngiomas has been recently studied showing interesting findings, while its composition in ameloblastomas is unknown. Similarly, some evidence of autophagic activity, a process of cellular constituents' degradation has been found in ameloblastomas, but no studies exist in craniopharyngiomas. Thus, the aim of the study is to compare factors of the immune microenvironment and the autophagic apparatus between these two tumor types. METHODS 26 craniopharyngiomas and 14 ameloblastomas were immunohistochemically studied for PD-L1, CD8, CD20, S100, CD163, MECA-79, LC3B and p62. RESULTS Craniopharyngiomas showed higher LC3B tumor cell expression, higher CD8+ T cells and higher CD163+ macrophages in comparison to ameloblastomas. LC3B tumor cell expression was associated with overall survival in craniopharyngioma patients and p62 nuclear expression was associated with overall survival in ameloblastoma patients. CONCLUSION This is the first study showing the presence of autophagic markers in craniopharyngiomas and describing the immune microenvironment of ameloblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehdi Hamlat
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Fabien Forest
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | | | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
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Karpathiou G, Habougit C, Peoc'h M. STAT6 is not expressed in Kaposi sarcoma. Ann Diagn Pathol 2021; 55:151836. [PMID: 34626935 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cyril Habougit
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
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Camy F, Karpathiou G, Dumollard JM, Magne N, Perrot JL, Vassal F, Picot T, Mobarki M, Forest F, Casteillo F, Hathroubi S, Froudarakis M, Peoc'h M. Brain metastasis PD-L1 and CD8 expression is dependent on primary tumor type and its PD-L1 and CD8 status. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-000597. [PMID: 32859740 PMCID: PMC7454240 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brain metastases (Bmets) are frequent; however, limited data exist on the efficacy of immunotherapy in these lesions. The aims of the study were to analyze the immunohistochemical expressions of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and CD8 in Bmets and to compare them with their expressions in paired primary tumors, as well as correlate the results with clinicopathological features. Methods This is a retrospective study of 233 patients with Bmets and 111 paired primaries. Clinical, histological, and molecular data were recorded and compared with the immunohistochemical results of PD-L1 and CD8 expressions. The statistical analysis included χ2 test, Cramer’s V test, factorial analyses of variance, simple regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank product limit estimation. Results PD-L1 expression was found in 23.6% of Bmets and in 29.0% of primary tumors with concordant expression between them in 75.5% of cases. Bmets PD-L1 expression was associated with primary tumor PD-L1 expression and the primary tumor type. Significant CD8 peritumoral expression was found in 68.6% of Bmets and in 87.7% of primary tumors. CD8 expression was concordant between primary and metastatic tumors in 73.3% of cases. Bmets CD8 expression was associated with primary tumor CD8 expression and primary tumor type. PD-L1 expression was associated with CD8 expression in both primary and metastatic tumors. The concordance between primary and metastatic tumor PD-L1 expression was independent of all factors studied. The concordance between primary and metastatic CD8 expressions was marginally associated to the time of Bmets development. No prognostic role for PD-L1 and CD8 expression in Bmets was found. Conclusion PD-L1 and CD8 Bmets expressions are associated with the primary tumor type and its PD-L1 and CD8 expressions. No factor predicts the discordance for PD-L1 expression, while time to Bmets development is associated with CD8 expression discordance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Camy
- Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | | | - Nicolas Magne
- Radiotherapy, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Jean Luc Perrot
- Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Francois Vassal
- Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Saint-Eteinne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Tiphanie Picot
- Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Mousa Mobarki
- Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fabien Forest
- Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Sirine Hathroubi
- Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marios Froudarakis
- Pneumology and Thoracic Oncology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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Roupakia E, Chavdoula E, Karpathiou G, Vatsellas G, Chatzopoulos D, Mela A, Gillette JM, Kriegsmann K, Kriegsmann M, Batistatou A, Goussia A, Marcu KB, Karteris E, Klinakis A, Kolettas E. Canonical NF-κB Promotes Lung Epithelial Cell Tumour Growth by Downregulating the Metastasis Suppressor CD82 and Enhancing Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Cell Transition. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174302. [PMID: 34503110 PMCID: PMC8428346 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Canonical NF-κB signalling pathway acts as a tumour promoter in several types of cancer including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the mechanism(s) by which it contributes to NSCLC is still under investigation. We show here that NF-κB RelA/p65 is required for the tumour growth of human NSCLC cells grown in vivo as xenografts in immune-compromised mice. RNA-seq transcriptome profile analysis identified the metastasis suppressor CD82/KAI1/TSPAN27 as a canonical NF-κB target. Loss of CD82 correlated with malignancy. RelA/p65 stimulates cell migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT), mediated, in part, by CD82/KAI1, through integrin-mediated signalling, thus, identifying a mechanism mediating NF-κB RelA/p65 lung tumour promoting function. Abstract Background: The development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involves the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes. These include somatic oncogenic KRAS and EGFR mutations and inactivating TP53 tumour suppressor mutations, leading to activation of canonical NF-κB. However, the mechanism(s) by which canonical NF-κB contributes to NSCLC is still under investigation. Methods: Human NSCLC cells were used to knock-down RelA/p65 (RelA/p65KD) and investigate its impact on cell growth, and its mechanism of action by employing RNA-seq analysis, qPCR, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and functional assays. Results: RelA/p65KD reduced the proliferation and tumour growth of human NSCLC cells grown in vivo as xenografts in immune-compromised mice. RNA-seq analysis identified canonical NF-κB targets mediating its tumour promoting function. RelA/p65KD resulted in the upregulation of the metastasis suppressor CD82/KAI1/TSPAN27 and downregulation of the proto-oncogene ROS1, and LGR6 involved in Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Immunohistochemical and bioinformatics analysis of human NSCLC samples showed that CD82 loss correlated with malignancy. RelA/p65KD suppressed cell migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT), mediated, in part, by CD82/KAI1, through integrin-mediated signalling involving the mitogenic ERK, Akt1 and Rac1 proteins. Conclusions: Canonical NF-κB signalling promotes NSCLC, in part, by downregulating the metastasis suppressor CD82/KAI1 which inhibits cell migration, EMT and tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Roupakia
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, University Research Centre, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of Ioannina Campus, 45115 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Evangelia Chavdoula
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of Ioannina Campus, 45115 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (G.K.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Giannis Vatsellas
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Dimitrios Chatzopoulos
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Angeliki Mela
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Medical Center, Irving Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Jennifer M. Gillette
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Mark Kriegsmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Anna Batistatou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (G.K.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Goussia
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (G.K.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Kenneth B. Marcu
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Microbiology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, New York, NY 11794, USA
| | - Emmanouil Karteris
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, London UB8 PH, UK;
| | - Apostolos Klinakis
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Evangelos Kolettas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, University Research Centre, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of Ioannina Campus, 45115 Ioannina, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-26510-07578; Fax: +30-26510-07863
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Karpathiou G, Ferrand E, Camy F, Babiuc SM, Papoudou-Bai A, Dumollard JM, Cornillon J, Peoc'h M. Expression of STAT6 and Phosphorylated STAT6 in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 80:830-834. [PMID: 34388250 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlab080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) is implicated in the pathogenesis of some lymphomas including primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs). The aim of this study was to investigate STAT6 expression and clinicopathologic features in 25 PCNSLs using immunohistochemistry with 2 different anti-STAT6 antibodies. One (YE361) recognizes the C-terminus domain of the STAT6 protein and the other (Y641) recognizes the phosphorylated form of the protein. The phosphorylated STAT6 form was not expressed in any of the cases studied whereas the YE361 STAT6 showed only cytoplasmic expression in 14 (56%) cases. This expression did not correlate with age, prognostic score, multiplicity, invasion of deep structures, response to treatment, disease recurrence, overall survival, or BCL6, BCL2, PD-L1, and CD8 expression. A STAT6 expression score showed a trend for correlating with clinical performance status. It also showed a positive correlation with MYC expression. Thus, the phosphorylated form of STAT6 was not found in the current series, while the YE361 STAT6 showed only cytoplasmic expression and was associated with expression of MYC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karpathiou
- From the Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France (GK, EF, FC, JMD, MP); Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, France (S-MB, JC); Pathology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (AP-B)
| | - Elise Ferrand
- From the Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France (GK, EF, FC, JMD, MP); Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, France (S-MB, JC); Pathology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (AP-B)
| | - Florian Camy
- From the Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France (GK, EF, FC, JMD, MP); Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, France (S-MB, JC); Pathology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (AP-B)
| | - Silvia-Maria Babiuc
- From the Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France (GK, EF, FC, JMD, MP); Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, France (S-MB, JC); Pathology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (AP-B)
| | - Alexandra Papoudou-Bai
- From the Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France (GK, EF, FC, JMD, MP); Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, France (S-MB, JC); Pathology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (AP-B)
| | - Jean Marc Dumollard
- From the Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France (GK, EF, FC, JMD, MP); Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, France (S-MB, JC); Pathology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (AP-B)
| | - Jerome Cornillon
- From the Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France (GK, EF, FC, JMD, MP); Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, France (S-MB, JC); Pathology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (AP-B)
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- From the Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France (GK, EF, FC, JMD, MP); Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, France (S-MB, JC); Pathology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (AP-B)
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Dridi M, Boutonnat J, Dumollard JM, Peoc’h M, Karpathiou G. INSM1 Expression in Chordomas. Am J Clin Pathol 2021; 156:334-339. [PMID: 33629710 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chordomas are rare malignant tumors with a broad differential diagnosis, including chondrosarcomas and metastatic carcinomas. Recently, insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) has gained great interest regarding the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors but also extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas. However, its expression in chordomas remains largely unknown. METHODS We retrospectively examined 57 chordomas for INSM1 expression. RESULTS INSM1 expression was found in only 5% of tumors. CONCLUSIONS This marker is rarely expressed in this type of tumor, raising questions about neuroendocrine differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Jean Boutonnat
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean Marc Dumollard
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Peoc’h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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Dridi M, Krebs-Drouot L, Meyronet D, Dumollard JM, Vassal F, Jouanneau E, Jacquesson T, Barrey C, Grange S, Boutonnat J, Péoc’h M, Karpathiou G. The Immune Microenvironment of Chordomas: An Immunohistochemical Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133335. [PMID: 34283048 PMCID: PMC8268246 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chordoma patients may be amenable to immunotherapy; however, the immune microenvironment of chordomas needs further investigation. We performed the immunohistochemical analysis of a chordoma series, showing that these tumors have a unique microenvironment characterized by the absence of PD-L1 tumor cell expression, but feature PD-L1+ immune cells playing a negative prognostic role. Abstract Chordomas are rare sarcomas that are usually treated by surgery and/or radiotherapy since these are chemo-resistant tumors, but immunotherapy could be a possible option for chordoma patients. However, few reports investigating the composition of the chordoma immune microenvironment exist. We immunohistochemically studied 81 chordomas regarding their immune microenvironment factors and compared them with clinicopathological data. Macrophages and CD4 cells were the most prominent inflammatory cell populations, followed by CD8 T cells, while CD20 B cells and high endothelial venules (MECA-79+) were less frequently found. PD-L1 (22C3) expression by inflammatory cells was found in 21 (26%) tumors and was associated with a larger tumor size. None of the cases showed the expression of PD-L1 by tumor cells. Survival analysis showed that younger patients had a better overall survival. Considering the immunohistochemical factors studied, higher CD8, the presence of PD-L1+ immune cells, and higher vascular density were adverse prognostic factors, but in multivariate analysis, only PD-L1+ immune cells retained prognostic significance. To conclude, chordoma tumor cells do not express PD-L1, but PD-L1+ immune cells seem to play a negative prognostic role, supporting the need for further studies in this field and the possible beneficial role of immunotherapy in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; (M.D.); (J.M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Lila Krebs-Drouot
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Grenoble, 38700 Grenoble, France; (L.K.-D.); (J.B.)
| | - David Meyronet
- East Pathology Institute, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Lyon, France;
- Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France
- Claude Bernard University, Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France; (E.J.); (C.B.)
| | - Jean Marc Dumollard
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; (M.D.); (J.M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - François Vassal
- Neurosurgery Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Emmanuel Jouanneau
- Claude Bernard University, Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France; (E.J.); (C.B.)
- Department of Neurosurgery B, Neurological Hospital Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Lyon, France;
- Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, «Signaling, Metabolism and Tumor Progression» The Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France
| | - Timothée Jacquesson
- Department of Neurosurgery B, Neurological Hospital Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Lyon, France;
- Department of Anatomy, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France
| | - Cédric Barrey
- Claude Bernard University, Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France; (E.J.); (C.B.)
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Neurological Hospital Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Lyon, France
| | - Sylvain Grange
- Radiology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Jean Boutonnat
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Grenoble, 38700 Grenoble, France; (L.K.-D.); (J.B.)
| | - Michel Péoc’h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; (M.D.); (J.M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; (M.D.); (J.M.D.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Désage AL, Karpathiou G, Peoc’h M, Froudarakis ME. The Immune Microenvironment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Literature Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3205. [PMID: 34206956 PMCID: PMC8269097 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive tumour with a poor prognosis, associated with asbestos exposure. Nowadays, treatment is based on chemotherapy with a median overall survival of less than two years. This review highlights the main characteristics of the immune microenvironment in MPM with special emphasis on recent biological advances. The MPM microenvironment is highly infiltrated by tumour-associated macrophages, mainly M2-macrophages. In line with infiltration by M2-macrophages, which contribute to immune suppression, other effectors of innate immune response are deficient in MPM, such as dendritic cells or natural killer cells. On the other hand, tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are also found in MPM, but CD4+ and CD8+ TILs might have decreased cytotoxic effects through T-regulators and high expression of immune checkpoints. Taken together, the immune microenvironment is particularly heterogeneous and can be considered as mainly immunotolerant or immunosuppressive. Therefore, identifying molecular vulnerabilities is particularly relevant to the improvement of patient outcomes and the assessment of promising treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Désage
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; (G.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Michel Peoc’h
- Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; (G.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Marios E. Froudarakis
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France;
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Evangelou Z, Zarachi A, Dumollard JM, Peoc'h M, Komnos I, Kastanioudakis I, Karpathiou G. Maxillary Ameloblastoma: A Review With Clinical, Histological and Prognostic Data of a Rare Tumor. In Vivo 2021; 34:2249-2258. [PMID: 32871747 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of odontogenic tumors can be challenging due to their rarity and diverse morphology, but when arising near the tooth, the diagnosis could be suspected. When their location is not typical, like inside the paranasal sinuses, the diagnosis is less easy. Maxillary ameloblastomas are exceedingly rare with only sparse information on their epidemiological, histological and genetic characteristics. The aim of this report is to thoroughly review the available literature in order to present the characteristics of this tumor. According to available data, maxillary ameloblastomas can occur in all ages but later than mandible ones, and everywhere within the maxillary region without necessarily having direct contact with the teeth. No sex preference has been shown. The most common histological patterns seen in this location are the follicular and plexiform ones. Maxillary ameloblastomas are locally aggressive neoplasms, thus therapy aims for excision including normal bone beyond the lesion. In contrast to mandible ameloblastomas, maxillary ones most commonly show mutations of the SMO gene. Furthermore, differential tumor diagnosis is thoroughly discussed in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Evangelou
- Department of Pathology and Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Athina Zarachi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Jean Marc Dumollard
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Ioannis Komnos
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology and Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece .,Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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Karpathiou G, Casteillo F, Dridi M, Papoudou-Bai A, Dumollard JM, Peoc'h M. L1CAM expression in cystic mesothelial lesions: a comparison with adenomatoid tumours, well-differentiated papillary mesothelial tumours and malignant mesotheliomas. Histopathology 2021; 79:272-274. [PMID: 33847416 DOI: 10.1111/his.14387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Francois Casteillo
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Jean Marc Dumollard
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peritoneal mesothelial cysts have been reported under various terms, including benign cystic mesothelioma, usually in the form of case reports/series, whereas extraperitoneal cases are rarely reported. Our objective was to report the detailed characteristics of cystic lesions of the serosal cavities. METHODS We retrospectively examined the clinicopathologic findings of a series of mesothelial cystic lesions (n = 79). RESULTS Most cases (n = 68, 86%) concerned the peritoneum, whereas 11 (14%) concerned the pericardium. No pleural cases were found. A total of 51 (64.5%) lesions were solitary, whereas 28 (35.5%) were multiple. Peritoneal lesions harbored a plump eosinophilic mesothelium and a loose connective stroma, whereas pericardial lesions showed a cuboidal/flattened mesothelium, collagenous stroma, intense inflammation, and other tissue types, like adipose and muscle tissue. Solitary peritoneal lesions are usually extrapelvic and found in older patients incidentally during other surgeries, whereas multiple lesions are found in younger patients and usually in the pelvis. The lesions show a benign clinical course with rare recurrences but no malignant transformation. CONCLUSIONS Most mesothelial cysts are peritoneal and rarely pericardial. Peritoneal cysts differ from pericardial cysts. Peritoneal solitary lesions differ from multiple lesions, also suggesting their pathogenetic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Francois Casteillo
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Peoc’h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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Karpathiou G, Papoudou-Bai A, Zarkavelis G, Picot T, Peoc'h M. Molecular Analysis of an Abdominal Wall Cesarean Section Endometrioid Carcinoma. Int J Surg Pathol 2021; 30:68-71. [PMID: 33988473 DOI: 10.1177/10668969211018262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Malignant transformation of endometriosis is rare, and most cases concern the ovaries, while extraovarian cases are mostly found in the rectovaginal septum. Incisional adenocarcinoma is extremely rare, with only few cases reported in the literature, while their molecular profile remains unknown. Thus, we report on an abdominal wall cesarean section scar endometrioid adenocarcinoma studied by next-generation sequencing and microsatellite instability analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - George Zarkavelis
- University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.,Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), Ioannina, Greece
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Karpathiou G, Papoudou-Bai A, Ferrand E, Dumollard JM, Peoc'h M. STAT6: A review of a signaling pathway implicated in various diseases with a special emphasis in its usefulness in pathology. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 223:153477. [PMID: 33991851 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6 (STAT6), belonging to a family of seven similar members is primarily stimulated by interleukin(IL)-4 and IL-13, and acts as a T helper type 2 (Th2)-inducing factor. Thus, it is implicated in the pathophysiology of various allergic conditions, such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis and food allergies, but also in tumor microenvironment regulation. Furthermore, certain forms of lymphomas, notably the Hodgkin lymphoma group, the primary mediastinal and primary central nervous system lymphoma, as well as some follicular and T cell lymphomas are associated with dysregulation of the STAT6 pathway. STAT6 immunohistochemical expression also serves as a surrogate marker in the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor, despite not directly responsible for the tumorigenic effect. These pathophysiological implications of the STAT6 pathway, its diagnostic or prognostic role in pathology, as well its immunohistochemical detection with different antibodies will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elise Ferrand
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
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Dridi M, Boutonnat J, Dumollard JM, Peoc'h M, Karpathiou G. Patterns of brachyury expression in chordomas. Ann Diagn Pathol 2021; 53:151760. [PMID: 33989961 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chordomas are rare malignant midline tumors, presumed to arise from notochordal remnants. This was further suggested by the discovery of the brachyury in chordomas pathogenesis. Its immunohistochemical expression has become the principal adjunct in the diagnosis of chordomas. However, studies about brachyury expression in chordomas are not fully comparable, mainly because they use different primary antibodies. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the expression of brachyury expression in a series of chordomas in conjunction to clinicopathological characteristics and to review the relevant literature providing all the details needed in the immunohistochemical study of brachyury. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of 62 chordomas, diagnosed over a 22-year period. No dedifferentiated or poorly differentiated cases were included. A monoclonal primary antibody (clone A-4) was used and brachyury expression was evaluated by the H-score. Clinicopathological parameters studied were age, sex, tumor localization, decalcification status and tissue age. Fetal notochords were used for comparison. RESULTS Mean H-score of nuclear brachyury expression was 129.8. The tissue age significantly influenced brachyury expression, the older samples expressing less brachyury. Decalcification demonstrated a trend to weaken brachyury expression. Clinical characteristics were not correlated with the patterns of brachyury expression. Notochords were negative. Literature review reveals several polyclonal antibodies used and a positivity of 75%-100% in chordomas with even more variable results in notochords. CONCLUSION In chordomas, as in other tumor types, an uniformization of studies about brachyury expression is needed, by considering the clone used, and the decalcification and the age of the sample, given the growing importance of brachyury in diagnosis and therapeutic steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Departments, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | | | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Departments, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
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Karpathiou G, Dridi M, Krebs-Drouot L, Vassal F, Jouanneau E, Jacquesson T, Barrey C, Prades JM, Dumollard JM, Meyronet D, Boutonnat J, Péoc’h M. Autophagic Markers in Chordomas: Immunohistochemical Analysis and Comparison with the Immune Microenvironment of Chordoma Tissues. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092169. [PMID: 33946484 PMCID: PMC8124629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In contrast to normal notochords, autophagic factors are often present in chordomas. Furthermore, PD-L1+ immune cells also express LC3B, suggesting the need for further investigations between autophagy and the immune microenvironment. Abstract Chordomas are notably resistant to chemotherapy. One of the cytoprotective mechanisms implicated in chemoresistance is autophagy. There are indirect data that autophagy could be implicated in chordomas, but its presence has not been studied in chordoma tissues. Sixty-one (61) chordomas were immunohistochemically studied for autophagic markers and their expression was compared with the expression in notochords, clinicopathological data, as well as the tumor immune microenvironment. All chordomas strongly and diffusely expressed cytoplasmic p62 (sequestosome 1, SQSTM1/p62), whereas 16 (26.2%) tumors also showed nuclear p62 expression. LC3B (Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3B) tumor cell expression was found in 44 (72.1%) tumors. Autophagy-related 16‑like 1 (ATG16L1) was also expressed by most tumors. All tumors expressed mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (M6PR/IGF2R). LC3B tumor cell expression was negatively associated with tumor size, while no other parameters, such as age, sex, localization, or survival, were associated with the immunohistochemical factors studied. LC3B immune cell expression showed a significant positive association with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)+ immune cells and with a higher vascular density. ATG16L1 expression was also positively associated with higher vascular density. Notochords (n = 5) showed different immunostaining with a very weak LC3B and M6PR expression, and no p62 expression. In contrast to normal notochords, autophagic factors such as LC3B and ATG16L1 are often present in chordomas, associated with a strong and diffuse expression of p62, suggesting a blocked autophagic flow. Furthermore, PD-L1+ immune cells also express LC3B, suggesting the need for further investigations between autophagy and the immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; (M.D.); (J.M.D.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; (M.D.); (J.M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Lila Krebs-Drouot
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Grenoble, 38700 Grenoble, France; (L.K.-D.); (J.B.)
| | - François Vassal
- Neurosurgery Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Emmanuel Jouanneau
- Department of Neurosurgery B, Neurological Hospital Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Lyon, France; (E.J.); (T.J.)
- Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, «Signaling, Metabolism and Tumor Progression» The Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France
- Claude Bernard University, Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France; (C.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Timothée Jacquesson
- Department of Neurosurgery B, Neurological Hospital Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Lyon, France; (E.J.); (T.J.)
- Department of Anatomy, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France
| | - Cédric Barrey
- Claude Bernard University, Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France; (C.B.); (D.M.)
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Neurological Hospital Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Lyon, France
| | - Jean Michel Prades
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Jean Marc Dumollard
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; (M.D.); (J.M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - David Meyronet
- Claude Bernard University, Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France; (C.B.); (D.M.)
- East Pathology Institute, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Lyon, France
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, 69373 Lyon, France
| | - Jean Boutonnat
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Grenoble, 38700 Grenoble, France; (L.K.-D.); (J.B.)
| | - Michel Péoc’h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; (M.D.); (J.M.D.); (M.P.)
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Karpathiou G, Dumollard JM, Camy F, Sramek V, Dridi M, Picot T, Mobarki M, Peoc'h M. Senescence, immune microenvironment, and vascularization in cardiac myxomas. Cardiovasc Pathol 2021; 52:107335. [PMID: 33762213 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2021.107335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cardiac myxomas are rare tumors of incompletely elucidated pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to explore the possible presence of a senescence phenotype in cardiac myxomas, associated with an inflammatory and vasculogenic tumor microenvironment. METHODS AND RESULTS This is a retrospective study of 29 cardiac myxomas with immunohistochemical detection of various inflammatory, vascular, and senescence markers. We show that all myxomas contain tumor cells in senescence overexpressing p16, and a fraction of senescent endothelial cells. Macrophages are the principal inflammatory cell population, followed by cytotoxic T cells, with fewer plasma cells, mastocytes, and B lymphocytes. These populations are found in different intratumoral localizations. Larger tumor volume is associated with a lower percentage of myxoid matrix, higher cellularity, higher macrophage, and lower number of mast cells as well as higher PD-L1 expression by inflammatory cells. Higher vascular density is associated with higher percentage of B cells, a lower number of macrophages and higher number of mastocytes, and lower PD-L1 expression by inflammatory cells. Tumors with higher vascular density and higher cellularity show higher amounts of p16 senescent endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Myxoma tumor cells are in senescence and reside inside a tumor microenvironment with a distinct inflammatory profile rich in macrophages and cytotoxic T cells, and a rich vasculature, probably attributed to a senescence-associated secretory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
| | - Jean Marc Dumollard
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Florian Camy
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Viviana Sramek
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Tiphanie Picot
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Mousa Mobarki
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Pathology Department, East Hospital, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
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Evangelou Z, Papoudou-Bai A, Karpathiou G, Kourea H, Kamina S, Goussia A, Harissis H, Peschos D, Batistatou A. PD-L1 Expression and Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast Cancer: Clinicopathological Analysis in Women Younger than 40 Years Old. In Vivo 2020; 34:639-647. [PMID: 32111764 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To evaluate the association between programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on both tumor cells (TC) and inflammatory cells (IC), tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and other clinicopathological parameters in primary infiltrative breast cancer (IBC) of young women, a population shown to have a worse prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was performed collecting data from patients younger than 40 years old. Forty-five young women with IBC were included. Whole tissue sections were used to evaluate all parameters. RESULTS Twenty percent (20%) of cases showed PD-L1 expression by tumor cells (PDL1TC) and 44.4% showed PD-L1 expression by immune cells (PDL1IC). Furthermore, 28.88% revealed high stromal TILs. PDL1TC and PDL1IC expression were significantly associated with tumor diameter and expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors and Ki67. PDL1TC expression was also associated with grade. High TILs were associated with tumor diameter, ER and Ki67 expression. PDL1TC, PDL1IC expression and TILs were associated with the density of CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. CONCLUSION Our results are similar to those of other age groups, as reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Evangelou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Helen Kourea
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Sevasti Kamina
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anna Goussia
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Haralambos Harissis
- Department of Surgery, Breast Unit, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anna Batistatou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Koulelidis A, Anevlavis S, Nikitidis N, Pappas P, Ntolios P, Karkabounas A, Boti V, Steiropoulos P, Karpathiou G, Eleftheriadis S, Froudarakis ME. Local Anesthesia Thoracoscopy with versus without Midazolam: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Respiration 2020; 99:789-799. [PMID: 33207359 DOI: 10.1159/000509761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical thoracoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of pleural diseases. To date, no consensus exists regarding the choice of sedative and analgesic agents in patients undergoing local anesthetic thoracoscopy (LAT), and questions are raised as to whether sedatives may add to respiratory side effects. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that administration of midazolam associated with lidocaine versus lidocaine alone in patients with LAT adds to respiratory side effects. METHODS We randomly assigned 80 patients to a 1:1 study to 2 groups: local anesthesia by lidocaine (n = 40) versus lidocaine and midazolam (n = 40), with the primary end point being the mean lowest oxygen saturation. The secondary end points were cardiovascular parameters, complications, days of drainage, hospital stay, and patients' quality of life (QoL) as assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS The mean age of all patients was 66.6 ± 13.1 years. The study comprised 50 males (62.5%). No difference was observed in the demographics between the 2 groups. No significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in oxygen saturation (primary end point). A significant difference was observed in favor of the midazolam group regarding the QoL assessed by VAS. CONCLUSION Midazolam does not add to respiratory side effects when it is used with lidocaine for LAT, while patients' QoL is actually improved in this group. Therefore, in our department, we changed our startegy in favor of the association of lidocaine and midazolam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Koulelidis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Stavros Anevlavis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Nikitidis
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Periklis Pappas
- Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Paschalis Ntolios
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Vasiliki Boti
- Chemistry, School of Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Savvas Eleftheriadis
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Marios E Froudarakis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece,
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Karpathiou G, Chauleur C, Picot T, Peoc'h M. Molecular analysis of a uterine broad ligament leiomyoma in a patient with CLOVES syndrome. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153285. [PMID: 33190013 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Overgrowth syndromes are characterized by a global or regional excess growth of various tissue types, especially of mesenchymal nature. The CLOVES (Congenital Lipomatous asymmetric Overgrowth of the trunk with lymphatic, capillary, venous, and combined-type Vascular malformations, Epidermal naevi, Scoliosis/Skeletal and spinal anomalies) syndrome is characterized by an asymmetric growth excess associated with PIK3CA mutations, found in mosaic, affecting the lesional, but not the normal tissues. Herein, we report the case of a patient affected by CLOVES syndrome, harboring a 13 cm leiomyoma of the uterine broad ligament. The leiomyoma tissue was examined by next-generation sequencing showing the absence of related mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celine Chauleur
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Tiphanie Picot
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
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Ntellas P, Mavroeidis L, Gkoura S, Gazouli I, Amylidi AL, Papadaki A, Zarkavelis G, Mauri D, Karpathiou G, Kolettas E, Batistatou A, Pentheroudakis G. Old Player-New Tricks: Non Angiogenic Effects of the VEGF/VEGFR Pathway in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3145. [PMID: 33121034 PMCID: PMC7692709 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis has long been considered to facilitate and sustain cancer growth, making the introduction of anti-angiogenic agents that disrupt the vascular endothelial growth factor/receptor (VEGF/VEGFR) pathway an important milestone at the beginning of the 21st century. Originally research on VEGF signaling focused on its survival and mitogenic effects towards endothelial cells, with moderate so far success of anti-angiogenic therapy. However, VEGF can have multiple effects on additional cell types including immune and tumor cells, by directly influencing and promoting tumor cell survival, proliferation and invasion and contributing to an immunosuppressive microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the effects of the VEGF/VEGFR pathway on non-endothelial cells and the resulting implications of anti-angiogenic agents that include direct inhibition of tumor cell growth and immunostimulatory functions. Finally, we present how previously unappreciated studies on VEGF biology, that have demonstrated immunomodulatory properties and tumor regression by disrupting the VEGF/VEGFR pathway, now provide the scientific basis for new combinational treatments of immunotherapy with anti-angiogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Ntellas
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Leonidas Mavroeidis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Stefania Gkoura
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioanna Gazouli
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anna-Lea Amylidi
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alexandra Papadaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - George Zarkavelis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Davide Mauri
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of St-Etienne, 42055 Saint Etienne, France;
| | - Evangelos Kolettas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology, 45115 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anna Batistatou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - George Pentheroudakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The disruption or defect of the myometrium in the uterine scar of a cesarean section (CS) has been known by various names, such as uterine niche, isthmocele, deficient uterine scar, scar pouch, or diverticulum. Symptomatology, risk factors for niche development, and available treatment modalities have been recently studied. However, the histologic features of this disease remain unknown. METHODS The histologic features of eight uterine niches are thoroughly described and a summary of the most important aspects of the uterine niche literature is provided. Five cases of CS scars without niche formation are comparatively examined. RESULTS Most uterine niches harbor endocervical mucosa, often cystically dilated and/or an atrophic or disorganized endometrial mucosa of lower uterine segment origin. Regenerative epithelial atypia and fibroblastic stromal reaction are frequent features. No granulomatous reaction, important inflammation, or hemorrhage is seen. CS scars without niche formation do not harbor endocervical mucosa or inclusion cysts, fibroblastic stroma, or regenerative atypia. CONCLUSIONS As more prospective studies of uterine niche development and treatment will be conducted, a detailed pathologic report with the criteria proposed herein can be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celine Chauleur
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | | | - Thomas Corsini
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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Tsonis O, Karpathiou G, Tsonis K, Paschopoulos M, Papoudou-Bai A, Kanavaros P. Immune cells in normal pregnancy and gestational trophoblastic diseases. Placenta 2020; 101:90-96. [PMID: 32942146 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A healthy pregnancy requires the development of maternal-fetal immune tolerance against the semi-allogeneic fetus. The interactions between the trophoblastic cells and the maternal immune cells (p.e., natural killer cells, T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells and B-cells) are important for the development of the maternal-fetal immune tolerance and the placental growth and function. These interactions are mediated by cell to cell contact and secreted molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, angiogenic factors and growth factors. The maternal immune cells are present in normal non-pregnant and pregnant endometrium and there are several lines of evidence based on immunohistochemical and RNA sequencing data that the decidual immune cells and immune-related pathways display alterations in GTD, which may have pathogenetic and clinical significance. The present review focuses on the usefulness of the immunohistochemical analysis which provides multiparametric in situ information regarding the numbers, the immunophenotypes and the immunotopographical distributions of the decidual immune cells in tissue sections from normal pregnancy and GTD. We also discuss the significance of the immunohistochemical information in order to gain insight in the putative mechanisms explaining the alterations of the decidual immune cells in GTD and the potential implications of these alterations in the pathogenesis and the clinical behavior of GTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orestis Tsonis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
| | | | - Klarisa Tsonis
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Minas Paschopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Alexandra Papoudou-Bai
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis Kanavaros
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
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Dridi M, Boutonnat J, Dumollard JM, Peoc'h M, Karpathiou G. The transcriptional factors CDX2 and FOXA1 in chordomas. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153160. [PMID: 32911347 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chordomas are rare osseous tumors believed to originate from notochordal remnants through brachyury activation. CDX2 and FOXA1 are both induced by brachyury, but their expression has not been studied in chordomas. We retrospectively studied the immunohistochemical expression of these two factors in 57 chordomas, finding that CDX2 is not expressed in these tumors. FOXA1 expression was found in 7 (12.3%) tumors. No association of FOXA1 expression with clinical factors was found. Thus, CDX2 expression is not a feature of chordomas, while a limited expression of FOXA1 is seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroa Dridi
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Jean Boutonnat
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Grenoble, France
| | | | - Michel Peoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Uterine lesions with plexiform morphology are uncommon lesions with debated histogenesis. Despite being an incidental and usually benign finding (plexiform tumorlet), some cases can pose diagnostic problems. Their paucity in the recent literature adds to these difficulties and often causes ambiguities. The objective of this study is to systematically review published cases to highlight the historical aspects of their recognition, reappraising their morphology, histogenesis, and differential diagnosis. METHODS English literature is reviewed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and 32 reports are analyzed. RESULTS Most cases are reported in the fourth to sixth decades. In most cases (66.7%), plexiform lesions are incidental findings while 33.3% of cases have been the chief pathology. Size varies from 0.5 to 195 mm. Plexiform foci were solitary in 78.2% cases and multiple in 21.8%. In 67.8% of cases, the lesions are reported as myometrial, while 32.2% are arising from endometrial stroma. Immunohistochemistry shows smooth muscle and no sex cord marker expression. They are usually benign lesions, but worrisome features include plexiform morphology in disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis, intravenous leiomyomatosis, and diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis. CONCLUSIONS Plexiform lesions represent a diverse pathology varying from epithelioid leiomyomas to epithelioid smooth muscle metaplasia of endometrial type of stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alix Clemenson
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Celine Chauleur
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
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Nena E, Steiropoulos P, Voulgaris A, Froudarakis M, Karpathiou G. Occupational exposures in constrictive bronchiolitis. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153069. [PMID: 32825942 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bronchiolitis obliterans is a clinical entity which results from a variety of etiologies and has a detrimental impact on patients' quality of life when it remains undiagnosed and untreated. Due to its non-pathognomic clinical symptoms and signs, physicians often proceed to radiological examination, especially with high resolution chest tomography. Histological examination reveals constrictive bronchiolitis, the pathological definition of bronchiolitis obliterans. Due to an almost normal aspect of the lung parenchyma this condition can be missed. However, its recognition and the identification of a possible exposure are important for removing the patient from the incriminating agent. We present a case of constrictive bronchiolitis in a metal-cutting worker, highlighting the principal findings of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Nena
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- Department of Pneumonology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Athanasios Voulgaris
- Department of Pneumonology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Marios Froudarakis
- Department of Pneumonology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, CEDEX 2, St-Etienne, 42055, France.
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Karpathiou G, Chauleur C, Dal Col P, Dridi M, Hathroubi S, Mobarki M, Peoc'h M. An immunohistochemical analysis of CD3, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 expression in carcinosarcomas of the gynecological tract and their metastases. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153028. [PMID: 32703493 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinosarcoma of the gynecological tract is a rare tumor with a dismal prognosis. Its immune micro-environment has not been sufficiently studied. AIM OF THE STUDY To study the immune micro-environment of gynecological carcinosarcomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-nine surgical specimens from 37 different patients, including 34 primary tumors and 35 metastases, were immunohistochemically studied for the expression of CD3, PD-L1, and CTLA-4. Clinical and histological features were recorded and correlated with immunohistochemical factors. RESULTS Twenty-two cases involved the uterine corpus, 1 the uterine cervix, and 14 the adnexa. The overall survival ranged from 2 to 156 months, with a median survival of 16 months. CD3 expression was more frequent at the sarcomatous than the carcinomatous component. CTLA-4 expression was higher at the carcinomatous than the sarcomatous component. PD-L1 was negative in all cases studied. Tumor relapse, metastasis presence, metastasis localization, and overall survival did not correlate with CD3 or CTLA-4 expression. CONCLUSION PD-L1 expression is not a feature of gynecological carcinosarcomas, despite a relatively frequent lymphocytic reaction. CTLA-4 expression is sometimes found in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France.
| | - Celine Chauleur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Pierre Dal Col
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Maroa Dridi
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Sirine Hathroubi
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Mousa Mobarki
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
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Karpathiou G, Anevlavis S, Tiffet O, Casteillo F, Mobarki M, Mismetti V, Ntolios P, Koulelidis A, Trouillon T, Zadel N, Hathroubi S, Peoc'h M, Froudarakis ME. Clinical long-term outcome of non-specific pleuritis (NSP) after surgical or medical thoracoscopy. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:2096-2104. [PMID: 32642113 PMCID: PMC7330408 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-19-3496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Thoracoscopy, either “medical” or “surgical”, is the gold standard to reveal the cause of pleural effusion by taking large biopsies. However, in some cases, the histology of pleural biopsies is inconclusive for a specific cause, describing a variable process of inflammation, encompassing for non-specific pleuritis (NSP). Questions are raised whether the surgical (or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, VATS) is doing better than the medical thoracoscopy (MT or pleuroscopy), but no direct comparison between the two techniques exist in the current bibliography. The aim of our retrospective study was to compare these two techniques to find whether there is any difference in the false negative cases of NSP. Methods We included in our study 295 patients with NSP, 179 patients who underwent VATS comparing to 116 patients who underwent MT for pleural effusion of initially undetermined cause, having a follow-up of at least one year. Analysis of patients’ files, history, clinical examinations, further tests, and follow-up were recorded. Results The mean age of our patients was 58.5±19.1 and M/F gender was 216/79; no difference was observed between the two groups. The mean follow-up period was 47.3±20.7 months. After VATS, only one patient (0.55%) was finally diagnosed with pleural malignancy (false negative) while after MT 2 patients (1.7%). Negative predictive value for pleura-related malignancy for VATS was 0.994 and for MT 0.982. Conclusions In patients with histological diagnosis of NSP both VATS and MT showed similar and excellent results of false negative cases and negative predictive value in excluding malignant pleural disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Stavros Anevlavis
- Department of Pneumonology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Olivier Tiffet
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Francois Casteillo
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Mousa Mobarki
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Valentine Mismetti
- Department of Pneumonology and Thoracic Oncology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Paschalis Ntolios
- Department of Pneumonology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Andreas Koulelidis
- Department of Pneumonology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Tiffany Trouillon
- Department of Pneumonology and Thoracic Oncology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Nicolas Zadel
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Sirine Hathroubi
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Marios E Froudarakis
- Department of Pneumonology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece.,Department of Pneumonology and Thoracic Oncology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
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Evangelou Z, Froudarakis M, Ntolios P, Papoudou-Bai A, Anevlavis S, Gkrepi K, Batistatou A, Karpathiou G. Solitary glandular papilloma of the lung with molecular analysis: A case report and literature review. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152905. [PMID: 32139260 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solitary papillomas of the lung are rare. One of their subtypes is glandular papilloma with only a very few cases described in the literature. We describe a case of pulmonary glandular papilloma with emphasis in its differential diagnosis and its molecular analysis. CASE DESCRIPTION A 64-years old former smoker was incidentally found to have an endobronchial tumor of the right main bronchus. Microscopic and immunohistochemical findings revealed a glandular papilloma. EGFR, KRAS and BRAF V600E mutation analysis, as well as HPV detection analysis revealed no mutation or HPV infection. Detailed differential diagnosis and literature review are presented. CONCLUSION Glandular papillomas of the lung are usually central, affecting older patients than squamous or mixed squamous cell and glandular papillomas. In previously reported cases, one glandular papilloma with KRAS mutation and another one with BRAF mutation have been reported. The present case harbored no mutation or HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Evangelou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece
| | - Marios Froudarakis
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | - Paschalis Ntolios
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | | | - Stavros Anevlavis
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | | | - Anna Batistatou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France.
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Mobarki M, Dumollard JM, Dal Col P, Camy F, Peoc'h M, Karpathiou G. Granular cell tumor a study of 42 cases and systemic review of the literature. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152865. [PMID: 32089415 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granular cell tumor (GCT) remains a diagnostic clinicopathologic problem because the exact frequency of its detailed morphological and clinical characteristics is unknown as most observations are collected from small series or isolated cases. Herein, our aim is to highlight the frequency of all clinicopathological characteristics of this rare tumor based in our series and the available medical (PubMed) literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS 42 cases were evaluated for: tissue layers involved by the tumor (in skin and mucosae), growth pattern, nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic index, necrosis, spindling, calcification, hyalinization, and pustule-ovoid bodies of Milian, as well as perineural and vascular invasion, and the presence of adjacent epithelium changes, and lymphocytes and eosinophils infiltration., Follow-up was analyzed. The tumors were subclassified into benign, atypical and malignant according to Fanburg-Smith criteria and into benign or GCT of uncertain malignant potential according to Nasser criteria. The same characteristics were analyzed for 1499 cases reviewed according to PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS In the current series, the mean age at diagnosis was 45.8 years (range 6-69 years). Most patients were females (60 %) and the involved organs were by descending frequency: skin and subcutaneous tissue, bronchus, esophagus, breast, tongue, larynx, pharynx, gingiva, trachea, right colon, vulva, and hypopharynx. No recurrence or progression was seen, despite 32 cases were incompletely excised, with the exception of one malignant tumor. The growth pattern was either infiltrative (85.71 %) or well limited (7.14 %). Sixteen tumors had vesicular nuclei. Mitotic activity was found in two tumors. Lymphocytic infiltration was found in 14 tumors. Eosinophils were present in 6 cases. One GCT of the right colon showed extensive calcification and hyalinization. Perineural invasion was noted in 6 lesions. No vascular invasion was found. One tumor was clinically malignant and the patient died 2 years after diagnosis. Medical literature review showed similar results in terms of frequency of the reported clinical and morphological features. Among cases with available follow up, almost 20 % showed positive margins and of those 20 % developed local recurrence. According to the Fanburg-Smith criteria, 72 % would be benign, 17 % atypical and 11 % malignant tumors, while according to those of Nasser, 93 % would be benign and 7% of uncertain malignant potential. However, true malignancy, as affirmed by metastasis of GCT is found in almost 2.5 % of the cases. CONCLUSION GCT is a usually benign tumor, affecting any anatomic location. Necrosis and mitotic activity seem to be the most effective histologic criteria for detecting aggressive tumors, but the presence of metastasis (2.5 % of the cases) remains the most accepted definitive criterion for diagnosis of malignant GCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Mobarki
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France; Department of Pathology, Facutly of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jean Marc Dumollard
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Pierre Dal Col
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Florian Camy
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
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