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Miserli K, Boti V, Konstantinou I. Analysis of perfluorinated compounds in sewage sludge and hydrochar by UHPLC LTQ/Orbitrap MS and removal assessment during hydrothermal carbonization treatment. Sci Total Environ 2024; 929:172650. [PMID: 38649038 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants have been recognized as important sinks for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) because of their ineffectiveness in removing them reflecting both water and sewage sludge discharge routes. Hydrothermal treatment represents an alternative technology for treating sludge to recover energy and other valuable products. In this study, 15 PFAS were determined in sludge and hydrochar substrates using sonication-solid phase extraction procedure and analyzed using LC-Orbitrap-High Resolution-MS/MS. The method was fully validated, exhibiting very good linearity, recoveries in the range of 48 to 126 %, low detection and quantification limits with expanded uncertainty and precision below 32 % and 21.9 %, respectively. The method was applied to sludge samples from the WWTP of Ioannina city (Greece), as well as to hydrothermally treated samples under various conditions. The most abundant PFAS were PFHxA (0.5-38.3 ng g-1) and PFOS (4.4-22.1 ng g-1). Finally, the hydrothermally treated sludge samples spiked with PFAS presented removal efficiencies for total PFAS of 86.9 %, 91.8 % and 95.7 % at three spiking levels namely 10, 50 and 200 ng g-1, respectively. Results indicated that PFCAs were almost completely removed, except for PFOA, while the concentrations of PFSAs increased in the produced hydrochar with the formation of several intermediates, as detected by HR-LC-MS/MS. The results of this study demonstrate the effect of hydrothermal treatment to the fate of PFAS in sewage sludge and contribute for further studies on design and scale up of hydrothermal carbonization technology as a management option for safer disposal of municipal wastewater sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasiliki Boti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research and Innovation Center, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Ioannis Konstantinou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research and Innovation Center, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
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Gkountouras D, Boti V, Albanis T. High resolution mass spectrometry targeted analysis and suspect screening of pesticide residues in fruit samples and assessment of dietary exposure. Environ Pollut 2024; 352:124143. [PMID: 38735465 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Fruits consistently hold a prominent position in healthy dietary habits. Pesticides are used to manage plant diseases, achieve sustainable production, and maintain high food standards. This study utilized a comprehensive analytical technique that involved both targeted analysis and suspect screening. Analysis was conducted using Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid Linear Trap Quadrupole (LTQ)/Orbitrap High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) to examine pesticide levels in fruits. The matrices chosen comprised fruit commodities that are commonly consumed in Greece, including table grapes, apples, pears, citrus fruits, and strawberries. The QuEChERS approach was effectively validated for 30 specific pesticides. According to the method acceptance criteria established by SANTE, the QuEChERS method have shown exceptional efficiency in extracting the chosen pesticides, with recovery rates ranging from 70% to 120% in three concentration levels (10, 50, 100 μg kg-1). It also exhibited outstanding linearity, with an R2 more than 0.99. The method exhibited exceptional precision, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 20%. Additionally, the combined measurement uncertainty (MU%) was found to be acceptable, remaining below 50% The quantification limits were below 10 μg kg-1 for the majority of the analytes, satisfying the Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) established by the European Commission. Following targeted analysis, a dietary risk assessment was performed, revealing that both acute and chronic hazard quotients (aHQ and cHQ), along with chronic hazard index (cHI) were below 1, which indicated that the studied commodities are safe for human consumption. In addition, a suspect screening workflow was developed based on an in-house database comprising 355 pesticides commonly applied to the relevant commodities and related transformation products (TPs). Overall, through suspect screening, twenty-two additional pesticides and TPs not included in the target list were identified. Hence, this approach is anticipated to function as proactive alert system guaranteeing the long-term viability of agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasiliki Boti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
| | - Triantafyllos Albanis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina, 45110, Greece
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Efthymiou C, Boti V, Konstantinou I, Albanis T. Aqueous fate of furaltadone: Kinetics, high-resolution mass spectrometry - based elucidation and toxicity assessment of photoproducts. Sci Total Environ 2024; 919:170848. [PMID: 38340835 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Furaltadone (FTD) is an antibiotic belonging to the nitrofurans group. It has been broadly used in livestock and aquaculture for therapeutic purposes, as well as for stimulating promotion. Although the European Union has imposed restrictions on the use of FTD since 1995 due to concerns regarding its toxicity, in many cases FTD has been excessively and/or illegally applied in productive animals in developing countries, because of its high efficacy and low-cost. Unlike other nitrofuran compounds, the hydrolytic and photolytic behavior of FTD in natural aquatic systems has not been thoroughly investigated. To this end, hydrolysis in different pH values and photolysis in aquatic environment, including lake, river and sea water have been both examined. Hydrolysis was found to have an insignificant impact on degradation of FTD in the aquatic environment relevant pH values, whereas indirect photolysis proved to be the main route of its elimination. The identification of tentative photoproducts (PPs) was performed using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid LTQ/Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry. A possible pathway for photolytic transformation of FTD was proposed. Additionally, in silico simulations were used to evaluate the toxicity such as the mutagenicity of FTD and PPs. Complementary to the low-cost and time-limited simulations, an in vitro method (Vibrio Fischeri bioluminescence) was also used to assess ecotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasiliki Boti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research and Innovation Center, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Unit of Environmental, Organic and Biochemical high-resolution analysis-Orbitrap-LC-MS, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Konstantinou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research and Innovation Center, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Unit of Environmental, Organic and Biochemical high-resolution analysis-Orbitrap-LC-MS, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Albanis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research and Innovation Center, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Unit of Environmental, Organic and Biochemical high-resolution analysis-Orbitrap-LC-MS, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
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Boti V, Martinaiou P, Gkountouras D, Albanis T. Target and suspect screening approaches for the identification of emerging and other contaminants in fish feeds using high resolution mass spectrometry. Environ Res 2024; 251:118739. [PMID: 38503377 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Fish feed is essential in aquaculture fish production because, along with beneficial nutrients and components, many suspected compounds can be transferred to fish and ultimately to humans. In this context, a comprehensive analysis was conducted to monitor various pesticides and pharmaceutical compounds in aquaculture fish feed through target analysis and many other groups of chemicals via suspect screening approaches. In this study, the QuEChERS extraction method was optimized, validated, and applied to fifty-four fish feed samples collected from different production batches. This was followed by liquid chromatography-high-resolution linear ion trap/Orbitrap mass spectrometry (LC-HR-IT/Orbitrap-MS) for targeted and suspect screening purposes. In general, pesticides provided satisfactory recoveries (70-105.5 %), with quantification limits lower than 5 ng g-1, whereas pharmaceuticals displayed recoveries ranging from 70.5 to 120.2 %, with quantification limits below 25 ng g-1. In addition, the matrix effects and measurement uncertainty were assessed to provide more accurate and high-confidence results. Pirimiphos-methyl was detected and quantified in 20 of 54 fish feed samples (37 %) at concentrations <77 ng g-1. Finally, suspect screening revealed the occurrence of 10 mycotoxins (e.g., citrinin, aflatoxin G2, zearalenone, and alternariol), two pesticides excluding the target pesticides (tebuconazole and fenazaquin), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) in almost 2 % of the samples, and ethoxyquin (antioxidant), with 12 of its Transformation Products (TPs). Finally, suspect analysis incorporated in routine analyses have proven to have great potential for complete monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Boti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
| | | | | | - Triantafyllos Albanis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina, 45110, Greece
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Yfanti P, Lazaridou P, Boti V, Douma D, Lekka ME. Enrichment of Olive Oils with Natural Bioactive Compounds from Aromatic and Medicinal Herbs: Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Potential. Molecules 2024; 29:1141. [PMID: 38474654 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Olive oil and herbs, two key components of the Mediterranean diet, are known for their beneficial effects on humans. In our study, we incorporated aromatic and medicinal herbs into local monovarietal olive oils via maceration procedures for enrichment. We identified the herbal-derived ingredients that migrate to olive oils and contribute positively to their total phenolic content and functional properties, such as radical scavenging activity. Thus, we characterized the essential oil composition of the aromatic herbs (GC-MS), and we determined the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the additives and the virgin olive oils before and after enrichment. The herbal phenolic compounds were analyzed by LC-LTQ/Orbitrap HRMS. We found that olive oils infused with Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum, Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia triloba obtained an increased phenolic content, by approximately 1.3 to 3.4 times, in comparison with the untreated ones. Infusion with S. triloba led to a significantly higher antioxidant capacity. Rosmarinic acid, as well as phenolic glucosides, identified in the aromatic herbs, were not incorporated into olive oils due to their high polarity. In contrast, phenolic aglycones and diterpenes from R. officinalis and S. triloba migrated to the enriched olive oils, leading to a significant increase in their phenolic content and to an improvement in their free radical scavenging capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Yfanti
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47150 Arta, Greece
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Vasiliki Boti
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Unit of Environmental, Organic and Biochemical High-Resolution Analysis Orbitrap-LC-MS, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Marilena E Lekka
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Unit of Environmental, Organic and Biochemical High-Resolution Analysis Orbitrap-LC-MS, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Dormousoglou M, Boti V, Hela D, Vlastos D, Antonopoulou M, Chondrogiannis C, Petropoulou Y, Dailianis S. Beneficial properties of Drimia numidica leaf methanolic extract against the cytogenotoxic effects of mitomycin C on human lymphocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 173:113626. [PMID: 36682415 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the phytochemical profile of Drimia numidica leaf methanolic extract, as well as its cyto-genotoxic and cyto/genoprotective potential against mitomycin C (MMC) mediated effects on healthy human lymphocytes. Photosynthetic pigments, trace elements, and secondary metabolites were estimated and/or identified in methanolic extract of mature leaves, and the latter was further used for assessing its in vitro biological effects on MMC-free and/or MMC-treated human lymphocytes (at low, non-toxic concentrations of 0.001 and 0.01% v/v). The results showed that D. numidica leaf methanolic extract, being rich in carotenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, organic acids and bufadienolides, could be protective against MMC mediated cyto/genotoxic potential in healthy human lymphocytes. Biomolecules possessing antioxidant and antitumor potential, such as beta-carotene and lutein among others, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and their derivatives, minerals such as Si, as well as apigenin- and luteolin-derived glycosides, either individual or in a mixture, could be beneficial rather than harmful, at least at the extract concentrations tested. Although further in vitro and in vivo studies are still needed for elucidating the beneficial (individual and/or additive/synergistic) role of those compounds, the results of the present study are quite promising, thus encouraging new challenges for the appropriate utilization of D. numidica leaf extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Dormousoglou
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Rio, Patras, Greece; Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, GR-30100, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Boti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110, Ioannina, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina, GR-45110, Greece; Unit of Environmental, Organic and Biochemical High-resolution Analysis-Orbitrap-LC-MS, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GR-45110, Greece
| | - Dimitra Hela
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110, Ioannina, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina, GR-45110, Greece
| | - Dimitris Vlastos
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Antonopoulou
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, GR-30100, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Christos Chondrogiannis
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Yiola Petropoulou
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Stefanos Dailianis
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Rio, Patras, Greece.
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Koulelidis A, Anevlavis S, Nikitidis N, Pappas P, Ntolios P, Karkabounas A, Boti V, Steiropoulos P, Karpathiou G, Eleftheriadis S, Froudarakis ME. Local Anesthesia Thoracoscopy with versus without Midazolam: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Respiration 2020; 99:789-799. [PMID: 33207359 DOI: 10.1159/000509761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical thoracoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of pleural diseases. To date, no consensus exists regarding the choice of sedative and analgesic agents in patients undergoing local anesthetic thoracoscopy (LAT), and questions are raised as to whether sedatives may add to respiratory side effects. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that administration of midazolam associated with lidocaine versus lidocaine alone in patients with LAT adds to respiratory side effects. METHODS We randomly assigned 80 patients to a 1:1 study to 2 groups: local anesthesia by lidocaine (n = 40) versus lidocaine and midazolam (n = 40), with the primary end point being the mean lowest oxygen saturation. The secondary end points were cardiovascular parameters, complications, days of drainage, hospital stay, and patients' quality of life (QoL) as assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS The mean age of all patients was 66.6 ± 13.1 years. The study comprised 50 males (62.5%). No difference was observed in the demographics between the 2 groups. No significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in oxygen saturation (primary end point). A significant difference was observed in favor of the midazolam group regarding the QoL assessed by VAS. CONCLUSION Midazolam does not add to respiratory side effects when it is used with lidocaine for LAT, while patients' QoL is actually improved in this group. Therefore, in our department, we changed our startegy in favor of the association of lidocaine and midazolam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Koulelidis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Stavros Anevlavis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Nikitidis
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Periklis Pappas
- Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Paschalis Ntolios
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Vasiliki Boti
- Chemistry, School of Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Savvas Eleftheriadis
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Marios E Froudarakis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece,
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Aminot Y, Sayfritz SJ, Thomas KV, Godinho L, Botteon E, Ferrari F, Boti V, Albanis T, Köck-Schulmeyer M, Diaz-Cruz MS, Farré M, Barceló D, Marques A, Readman JW. Environmental risks associated with contaminants of legacy and emerging concern at European aquaculture areas. Environ Pollut 2019; 252:1301-1310. [PMID: 31252127 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of marine ecosystems by contaminants of emerging concern such as personal care products or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances is of increasing concern. This work assessed the concentrations of selected contaminants of emerging concern in water and sediment of European aquaculture areas, to evaluate their co-variation with legacy contaminants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and faecal biomarkers, and estimate the risks associated with their occurrence. The 9 study sites were selected in 7 European countries to be representative of the aquaculture activities of their region: 4 sites in the Atlantic Ocean and 5 in the Mediterranean Sea. Musks, UV filters, preservatives, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in at least one of the sites with regional differences. While personal care products appear to be the main component of the water contamination, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were mostly found in sediments. As expected, generally higher levels of personal care products were found in sewage impacted sites, urbanised coasts and estuaries. The risk assessment for water and sediment revealed a potential risk for the local aquatic environment from contaminants of both legacy and emerging concern, with a significant contribution of the UV filter octocrylene. Despite marginal contributions of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances to the total concentrations, PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonate) aqueous concentrations combined to its low ecotoxicity thresholds produced significant hazard quotients indicating a potential risk to the ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Aminot
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom; IFREMER LBCO, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes, Cedex 3, France.
| | - Stephen J Sayfritz
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin V Thomas
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway; QAEHS, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lia Godinho
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Avenida de Brasília, 1449-006, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elena Botteon
- Aeiforia Srl, Località Faggiola 12-16, 29027, Gariga, Podenzano, PC, Italy; Di.S.T.A.S., Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Federico Ferrari
- Aeiforia Srl, Località Faggiola 12-16, 29027, Gariga, Podenzano, PC, Italy
| | - Vasiliki Boti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Albanis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Marianne Köck-Schulmeyer
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Silvia Diaz-Cruz
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marinella Farré
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Damià Barceló
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - António Marques
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Avenida de Brasília, 1449-006, Lisbon, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - James W Readman
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom; Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, the Hoe, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, United Kingdom
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Gadelha JR, Rocha AC, Camacho C, Eljarrat E, Peris A, Aminot Y, Readman JW, Boti V, Nannou C, Kapsi M, Albanis T, Rocha F, Machado A, Bordalo A, Valente LMP, Nunes ML, Marques A, Almeida CMR. Persistent and emerging pollutants assessment on aquaculture oysters (Crassostrea gigas) from NW Portuguese coast (Ria De Aveiro). Sci Total Environ 2019; 666:731-742. [PMID: 30812007 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The study aim was to determine a range of relevant persistent and emerging pollutants in oysters produced in an aquaculture facility located in an important production area, to assure their safety for human consumption. Pollutants, including 16 PAHs, 3 butyltins (BTs), 29 flame retardants (FRs, including organophosphate and halogenated FRs), 35 pesticides (including 9 pyrethroid insecticides) and 13 personal care products (PCPs, including musks and UV filters), were determined in oysters' tissues collected during one year in four seasonal sampling surveys. The seasonal environmental pollution on the production site was evaluated by water and sediment analysis. Furthermore, oysters' nutritional quality was also assessed and related with the consumption of healthy seafood, showing that oysters are a rich source of protein with low fat content and with a high quality index all year around. Results showed that most analysed pollutants were not detected either in oyster tissues or in environmental matrixes (water and sediments). The few pollutants detected in oyster tissues, including both regulated and non-legislated pollutants, such as a few PAHs (fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene and indenopyrene), FRs (TPPO, TDCPP, DCP, BDE-47, BDE-209 and Dec 602) and PCPs (galaxolide, galaxolidone, homosalate and octocrylene), were present at low levels (in the ng/g dw range) and did not represent a significant health risk to humans. The observed seasonal variations related to human activities (e.g. tourism in summer) highlights the need for environmental protection and sustainable resource exploration for safe seafood production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana R Gadelha
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - A Cristina Rocha
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; MARE-UC, Incubadora de Empresas da Figueira da Foz, Parque Industrial e Empresarial da Figueira da Foz (Laboratório MAREFOZ), Rua das Acácias Lote 40A, 3090-380 Figueira da Foz, Portugal
| | - Carolina Camacho
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Division of Aquaculture, Seafood Upgrading and Bioprospection, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ethel Eljarrat
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Peris
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yann Aminot
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - James W Readman
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Vasiliki Boti
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina GR 45110, Greece
| | - Christina Nannou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina GR 45110, Greece
| | - Margarita Kapsi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina GR 45110, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Albanis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina GR 45110, Greece
| | - Filipa Rocha
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ana Machado
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Adriano Bordalo
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa M P Valente
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Leonor Nunes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Division of Aquaculture, Seafood Upgrading and Bioprospection, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Marques
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Division of Aquaculture, Seafood Upgrading and Bioprospection, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C Marisa R Almeida
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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10
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Rocha AC, Camacho C, Eljarrat E, Peris A, Aminot Y, Readman JW, Boti V, Nannou C, Marques A, Nunes ML, Almeida CM. Bioaccumulation of persistent and emerging pollutants in wild sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Environ Res 2018; 161:354-363. [PMID: 29195184 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Marine pollution has been increasing as a consequence of anthropogenic activities. The preservation of marine ecosystems, as well as the safety of harvested seafood, are nowadays a global concern. Here, we report for the first time the contamination levels of a large set of 99 emerging and persistent organic contaminants (butyltins (BTs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides including pyrethroids, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PCPs) and flame retardants) in roe/gonads of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Sea urchins are a highly prized worldwide delicacy, and the harvesting of this seafood has increased over the last decades, particularly in South West Atlantic coast, where this organism is harvested mainly for exportation. Sampling was performed in three harvesting sites of the NW Portuguese coast subjected to distinct anthropogenic pressures: Carreço, Praia Norte and Vila Chã, with sea urchins being collected in the north and south areas of each site. Butyltins and pharmaceuticals were not found at measurable levels. Several PAHs, four pyrethroids insecticides, four PCPs and eleven flame retardants were found in roe/gonads of sea urchins, though in general at low levels. Differences among harvesting sites and between areas within each site were found, the lowest levels of contaminants being registered in Carreço. The accumulation of contaminants in sea urchins' roe/gonads seemed to reflect the low anthropogenic pressure felt in the sampling sites. Nevertheless, taking into account the low accumulated levels of chemicals, results indicate that sea urchins collected in South West Atlantic coast are safe for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cristina Rocha
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR / CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Carolina Camacho
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR / CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Division of Aquaculture and Seafood Upgrading. Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ethel Eljarrat
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), JordiGirona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Peris
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), JordiGirona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yann Aminot
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - James W Readman
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Vasiliki Boti
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina, GR 45110, Greece
| | - Christina Nannou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina, GR 45110, Greece
| | - António Marques
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR / CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Division of Aquaculture and Seafood Upgrading. Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Leonor Nunes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR / CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Division of Aquaculture and Seafood Upgrading. Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C Marisa Almeida
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR / CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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11
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Aznar-Alemany Ò, Aminot Y, Vilà-Cano J, Köck-Schulmeyer M, Readman JW, Marques A, Godinho L, Botteon E, Ferrari F, Boti V, Albanis T, Eljarrat E, Barceló D. Halogenated and organophosphorus flame retardants in European aquaculture samples. Sci Total Environ 2018; 612:492-500. [PMID: 28865267 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This work monitors flame retardants in sediment, mussel and water samples from European fish farms. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were detected in 95% of the sediment and mussel samples with mean levels of 8.60±22.6ngg-1 dw in sediments and 0.07±0.18ngg-1 dw in mussels. BDE-209 was the main contributor for the sediments and BDE-47 was found in about 60% of the samples of both matrices. Pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB) and hexabromobenzene (HBB) were detected in 42% of the sediments, but not in mussels. Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) was found in about 55% of the samples of both matrices. The same happened for dechloranes in mussels, but they were detected in 92% of the sediments. Syn-DP and anti-DP were always the main contributors. Methoxylated PBDEs (MeO-PBDEs) were detected in all mussels and some sediments, mainly 6-MeO-BDE-47 and 2'-MeO-BDE-68. Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) were found in all matrices with concentrations of 0.04-92.8ngg-1 dw in sediment, 0.50-102ngg-1 dw in mussel and 0.43-867ngl-1 in water. Only OPFRs were analysed in water samples as halogenated flame retardants and MeO-PBDEs are highly unlikely to be detected in water due to their physicochemical properties. Flame retardants have no application in fish farming so results should reflect the impact of human activity on the farm locations. A large majority of the most contaminated samples were collected from sampling spots that were at urban shores or in enclosed water bodies not completely open to the sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Òscar Aznar-Alemany
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Yann Aminot
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom.
| | - Judit Vilà-Cano
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marianne Köck-Schulmeyer
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - James W Readman
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom; Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom.
| | - António Marques
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Avenida de Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Lia Godinho
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Avenida de Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Elena Botteon
- Aeiforia Srl, Località Faggiola 12-16, 29027 Gariga, Podenzano (PC), Italy.
| | - Federico Ferrari
- Aeiforia Srl, Località Faggiola 12-16, 29027 Gariga, Podenzano (PC), Italy.
| | - Vasiliki Boti
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Triantafyllos Albanis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Ethel Eljarrat
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Damià Barceló
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Emili Grahit, 101, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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12
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Eijo G, Zárate S, Jaita G, Ferraris J, Magri ML, Zaldivar V, Radl D, Boti V, Pisera D, Seilicovich A. Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B sensitises anterior pituitary cells to tumour necrosis factor-α- and lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis. J Neuroendocrinol 2011; 23:651-9. [PMID: 21564349 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2011.02157.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), an important pro-inflammatory factor, is a crucial regulator of cell survival. Both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α activate NF-κB signalling. Oestrogens were shown to suppress NF-κB activation. Oestrogens exert a sensitising action to pro-apoptotic stimuli such as LPS and TNF-α in anterior pituitary cells. In the present study, we show by western blotting that 17β-oestradiol (E(2)) decreases TNF-α-induced NF-κB/p65 and p50 nuclear translocation in primary cultures of anterior pituitary cells from ovariectomised (OVX) rats. Also, the in vivo administration of E(2) decreases LPS-induced NF-κB/p65 and p50 nuclear translocation. To investigate whether the inhibition of NF-κB pathway sensitises anterior pituitary cells to pro-apoptotic stimuli, we used an inhibitor of NF-κB activity, BAY 11-7082 (BAY). BAY, at a concentration that fails to induce apoptosis, has permissive action on TNF-α-induced apoptosis of lactotrophs and somatotrophs from OVX rats, as assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL). Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB signalling enhances E(2)-sensitising effect to TNF-α-induced apoptosis in lactotrophs but not in somatotrophs. In vivo administration of BAY allowed LPS-induced apoptosis in anterior pituitary cells from OVX rats (determined by fluorescence activated cell sorting). Furthermore, LPS-induced expression of Bcl-xL in pituitaries of OVX rats is decreased by E(2) administration. Our results show that inhibition of the NF-κB signalling pathway sensitises anterior pituitary cells to the pro-apoptotic action of LPS and TNF-α. Because E(2) inhibits LPS- and TNF-α-activated NF-κB nuclear translocation, the present study suggests that E(2) sensitises anterior pituitary cells to TNF-α- and LPS-induced apoptosis by inhibiting NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Eijo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Galassi S, Bettinetti R, Neri MC, Jeannot R, Dagnac T, Bristeau S, Sakkas V, Albanis T, Boti V, Valsamaki T, Falandysz J, Schulte-Oehlmann U. A multispecies approach for monitoring persistent toxic substances in the Gulf of Gdańsk (Baltic sea). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2008; 69:39-48. [PMID: 17291585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2006] [Revised: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 11/18/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Bivalve mussels are usually used for biomonitoring persistent toxic substances (PTS) in coastal ecosystems. Nevertheless, these organisms, which live attached on hard substrates, can be found along the sandy coasts only on human manufactured products. In this work different species collected in the Gulf of Gdańsk were compared to evaluate their suitability for monitoring PTS pollution at a local scale. The clam Mya arenaria seems to represent an excellent indicator of sediment pollution, mainly for organotin compounds which are selectively bioaccumulated. Organochlorine compounds are bioaccumulated in the different species mainly in function of their lipid body burden. Habitat conditions (salinity, substrate, pollution), however, strongly limited the occurrence of different species in the sampling sites; the most ubiquitous species, the common shrimp Crangon crangon, resulted therefore the most suitable to be used for the comparison of PTS pollution in this aquatic environment. Although the blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus) was confirmed to be a very useful sentinel species to compare pollution level inside and outside the Gulf of Gdańsk, we recommend the use of other species to give a more detailed picture of the pollution situation in coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Galassi
- Department of Biology, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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14
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Falandysz J, Albanis T, Bachmann J, Bettinetti R, Bochentin I, Boti V, Bristeau S, Daehne B, Dagnac T, Galassi S, Jeannot R, Oehlmann J, Orlikowska A, Sakkas V, Szczerski R, Valsamaki V, Schulte-Oehlmann U. Some chemical contaminant of surface sediments at the Baltic Sea coastal region with special emphasis on androgenic and anti-androgenic compounds. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2006; 41:2127-62. [PMID: 17018405 DOI: 10.1080/10934520600872433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Androgenic and anti-androgenic compounds including p,p'-DDE, Diuron, Linuron, Fenarimol, Vinclozolin, 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) urea (DCPU), 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylurea, (DCPMU), tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) and their metabolites (DBT, MBT, DPT, MPT) as well as metallic elements (Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Co, Tl, Cr, Fe, Mn, Al, K, Mg, Na, Ca, Ba, Ti, Sn), PAHs (16 indicator compounds), DDTs and PCBs have been quantified in top layer (0-10 cm) of up to 37 surface sediment samples collected from several sites in costal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk, an inland freshwater area of Brdyujście in Poland and the tidal flats of the Norderney Island, Wadden Sea in 2002-2003. These sites differed in the degree of anthropogenic activities, including chemical pollution and related impact on biota. Especially in sediments near shipyards, ship repair facilities, harbours, other industrial activities or close to municipal sewage treatment plant outlets butyltins, PAHs and some metallic elements were found at high concentrations. Diuron, Linuron and DCPMU were detected at a few sites, Fenarimol only once, while Vinclozolin and DCPU were not detected. DDT concentrations in the sediments from the Gdańsk and Gdynia region of the Gulf show a stepwise decrease following the ban for production and use, while diffusion of PCBs at some industrial sites seems to continue. Elevated PAH concentrations in sediments seem to be mainly due to pyrogenic and less to mixed pyrogenic and petrogenic sources, while for a few sites rather petrogenic sources dominated. The reference sites in the Norderney Island, Wadden Sea showed similar or slightly higher loads of DDTs, BTs, PAHs, PCBs and metallic elements when compared to sediments from the least contaminated sites in the coastal Gulf of Gdańsk area, while phenyltins were not detected at both spatially distant European areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Falandysz
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
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