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Parkins EV, Gross C. Small Differences and Big Changes: The Many Variables of MicroRNA Expression and Function in the Brain. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0365242024. [PMID: 39111834 PMCID: PMC11308354 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0365-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are emerging as crucial regulators within the complex, dynamic environment of the synapse, and they offer a promising new avenue for the treatment of neurological disease. These small noncoding RNAs modify gene expression in several ways, including posttranscriptional modulation via binding to complementary and semicomplementary sites on target mRNAs. This rapid, finely tuned regulation of gene expression is essential to meet the dynamic demands of the synapse. Here, we provide a detailed review of the multifaceted world of synaptic microRNA regulation. We discuss the many mechanisms by which microRNAs regulate gene expression at the synapse, particularly in the context of neuronal plasticity. We also describe the various factors, such as age, sex, and neurological disease, that can influence microRNA expression and activity in neurons. In summary, microRNAs play a crucial role in the intricate and quickly changing functional requirements of the synapse, and context is essential in the study of microRNAs and their potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma V Parkins
- University of Cincinnati Neuroscience Graduate Program, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
| | - Christina Gross
- University of Cincinnati Neuroscience Graduate Program, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
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2
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Dalal S, Ramirez-Gomez J, Sharma B, Devara D, Kumar S. MicroRNAs and synapse turnover in Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102377. [PMID: 38871301 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, leading to synaptic dysfunction and cognitive decline. Healthy synapses are the crucial for normal brain function, memory restoration and other neurophysiological function. Synapse loss and synaptic dysfunction are two primary events that occur during AD initiation. Synapse lifecycle and/or synapse turnover is divided into five key stages and several sub-stages such as synapse formation, synapse assembly, synapse maturation, synapse transmission and synapse termination. In normal state, the synapse turnover is regulated by various biological and molecular factors for a healthy neurotransmission. In AD, the different stages of synapse turnover are affected by AD-related toxic proteins. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression and have been implicated in various neurological diseases, including AD. Deregulation of miRNAs modulate the synaptic proteins and affect the synapse turnover at different stages. In this review, we discussed the key milestones of synapse turnover and how they are affected in AD. Further, we discussed the involvement of miRNAs in synaptic turnover, focusing specifically on their role in AD pathogenesis. We also emphasized the regulatory mechanisms by which miRNAs modulate the synaptic turnover stages in AD. Current studies will help to understand the synaptic life-cycle and role of miRNAs in each stage that is deregulated in AD, further allowing for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarthak Dalal
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Jaime Ramirez-Gomez
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Bhupender Sharma
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Davin Devara
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA; L. Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedicael Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA.
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Mirza Agha M, Tavili E, Dabirmanesh B. Functional amyloids. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 206:389-434. [PMID: 38811086 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
While amyloid has traditionally been viewed as a harmful formation, emerging evidence suggests that amyloids may also play a functional role in cell biology, contributing to normal physiological processes that have been conserved throughout evolution. Functional amyloids have been discovered in several creatures, spanning from bacteria to mammals. These amyloids serve a multitude of purposes, including but not limited to, forming biofilms, melanin synthesis, storage, information transfer, and memory. The functional role of amyloids has been consistently validated by the discovery of more functional amyloids, indicating a conceptual convergence. The biology of amyloids is well-represented by non-pathogenic amyloids, given the numerous ones already identified and the ongoing rate of new discoveries. In this chapter, functional amyloids in microorganisms, animals, and plants are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Mirza Agha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Tavili
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Dabirmanesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Abdel-Reheim MA, Nomier Y, Zaki MB, Abulsoud AI, Mohammed OA, Rashad AA, Oraby MA, Elballal MS, Tabaa MME, Elazazy O, Abd-Elmawla MA, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel Mageed SS, Abdelmaksoud NM, Elrebehy MA, Helal GK, Doghish AS. Unveiling the regulatory role of miRNAs in stroke pathophysiology and diagnosis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155085. [PMID: 38183822 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Stroke, a major global cause of mortality, leads to a range of problems for those who survive. Besides its brutal events, stroke also tends to have a characteristic of recurrence, making it a complex disease involving intricate regulatory networks. One of the major cellular regulators is the non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), specifically microRNAs (miRNAs), thus the possible functions of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of stroke are discussed as well as the possibility of using miRNA-based therapeutic approaches. Firstly, the molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate vital physiological processes, including synaptic plasticity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are reviewed. The miRNA indirectly impacts stroke outcomes by regulating BBB function and angiogenesis through the targeting of transcription factors and angiogenic factors. In addition, the tendency for some miRNAs to be upregulated in response to hypoxia, which is a prevalent phenomenon in stroke and various neurological disorders, highlights the possibility that it controls hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling and angiogenesis, thereby influencing the integrity of the BBB as examples of the discussed mechanisms. Furthermore, this review explores the potential therapeutic targets that miRNAs may offer for stroke recovery and highlights their promising capacity to alleviate post-stroke complications. This review provides researchers and clinicians with valuable resources since it attempts to decipher the complex network of miRNA-mediated mechanisms in stroke. Additionally, the review addresses the interplay between miRNAs and stroke risk factors as well as clinical applications of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Yousra Nomier
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and health sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Rashad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh A Oraby
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Manar Mohammed El Tabaa
- Pharmacology & Environmental Toxicology, Environmental Studies & Research Institute (ESRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Ola Elazazy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Gouda Kamel Helal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11231, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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Vasiliev GV, Ovchinnikov VY, Lisachev PD, Bondar NP, Grinkevich LN. The Expression of miRNAs Involved in Long-Term Memory Formation in the CNS of the Mollusk Helix lucorum. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010301. [PMID: 36613744 PMCID: PMC9820140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mollusks are unique animals with a relatively simple central nervous system (CNS) containing giant neurons with identified functions. With such simple CNS, mollusks yet display sufficiently complex behavior, thus ideal for various studies of behavioral processes, including long-term memory (LTM) formation. For our research, we use the formation of the fear avoidance reflex in the terrestrial mollusk Helix lucorum as a learning model. We have shown previously that LTM formation in Helix requires epigenetic modifications of histones leading to both activation and inactivation of the specific genes. It is known that microRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate the expression of genes; however, the role of miRNAs in behavioral regulation has been poorly investigated. Currently, there is no miRNAs sequencing data being published on Helix lucorum, which makes it impossible to investigate the role of miRNAs in the memory formation of this mollusk. In this study, we have performed sequencing and comparative bioinformatics analysis of the miRNAs from the CNS of Helix lucorum. We have identified 95 different microRNAs, including microRNAs belonging to the MIR-9, MIR-10, MIR-22, MIR-124, MIR-137, and MIR-153 families, known to be involved in various CNS processes of vertebrates and other species, particularly, in the fear behavior and LTM. We have shown that in the CNS of Helix lucorum MIR-10 family (26 miRNAs) is the most representative one, including Hlu-Mir-10-S5-5p and Hlu-Mir-10-S9-5p as top hits. Moreover, we have shown the involvement of the MIR-10 family in LTM formation in Helix. The expression of 17 representatives of MIR-10 differentially changes during different periods of LTM consolidation in the CNS of Helix. In addition, using comparative analysis of microRNA expression upon learning in normal snails and snails with deficient learning abilities with dysfunction of the serotonergic system, we identified a number of microRNAs from several families, including MIR-10, which expression changes only in normal animals. The obtained data can be used for further fundamental and applied behavioral research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady V. Vasiliev
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir Y. Ovchinnikov
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Pavel D. Lisachev
- Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies, 6 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Natalia P. Bondar
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Larisa N. Grinkevich
- The Federal State Budget Scientific Institution Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 nab. Makarova, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Al-Zikri PNH, Huat TJ, Khan AA, Patar A, Reza MF, Idris FM, Abdullah JM, Jaafar H. Transplantation of IGF-1-induced BMSC-derived NPCs promotes tissue repair and motor recovery in a rat spinal cord injury model. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10384. [PMID: 36090221 PMCID: PMC9449758 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have therapeutic potential for spinal cord injury (SCI). We have shown that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) enhances the cellular proliferation and survivability of BMSCs-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) by downregulating miR-22-3p. However, the functional application of BMSCs-derived NPCs has not been investigated fully. In this study, we demonstrate that knockdown of endogenous miR-22-3p in BMSCs-derived NPCs upregulates Akt1 expression, leading to enhanced cellular proliferation. RNASeq analysis reveals 3,513 differentially expressed genes in NPCs. The upregulated genes in NPCs enrich the gene ontology term associated with nervous system development. Terminally differentiated NPCs generate cells with neuronal-like morphology and phenotypes. Transplantation of NPCs in the SCI rat model results in better recovery in locomotor and sensory functions 4 weeks after transplantation. Altogether, the result of this study demonstrate that NPCs derived with IGF-1 supplementation could be differentiated into functional neural lineage cells and are optimal for stem cell therapy in SCI.
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Mohammadi AH, Seyedmoalemi S, Moghanlou M, Akhlagh SA, Talaei Zavareh SA, Hamblin MR, Jafari A, Mirzaei H. MicroRNAs and Synaptic Plasticity: From Their Molecular Roles to Response to Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5084-5102. [PMID: 35666404 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02907-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is the ability of synapses to weaken or strengthen over time, in response to changes in the activity of the neurons. It is orchestrated by a variety of genes, proteins, and external and internal factors, especially epigenetic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-acknowledged epigenetic modulators that regulate the translation and degradation of target genes in the nervous system. Increasing evidence has suggested that a number of miRNAs play important roles in modulating various aspects of synaptic plasticity. The deregulation of miRNAs could be associated with pathological alterations in synaptic plasticity, which could lead to different CNS-related diseases. Herein, we provide an update on the role of miRNAs in governing synaptic plasticity. In addition, we also summarize recent researches on the role of miRNAs in drug addiction, and their targets and mechanism of action. Understanding of the way in which miRNAs contribute to synaptic plasticity provides rational clues in establishing the novel biomarkers and new therapeutic strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of plasticity-related diseases and drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mohammadi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyedvahid Seyedmoalemi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Moghanlou
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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MiRNAs as Promising Translational Strategies for Neuronal Repair and Regeneration in Spinal Cord Injury. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142177. [PMID: 35883621 PMCID: PMC9318426 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a devastating injury to the central nervous system (CNS) that is responsible for impaired mobility and sensory function in SCI patients. The hallmarks of SCI include neuroinflammation, axonal degeneration, neuronal loss, and reactive gliosis. Current strategies, including stem cell transplantation, have not led to successful clinical therapy. MiRNAs are crucial for the differentiation of neural cell types during CNS development, as well as for pathological processes after neural injury including SCI. This makes them ideal candidates for therapy in this condition. Indeed, several studies have demonstrated the involvement of miRNAs that are expressed differently in CNS injury. In this context, the purpose of the review is to provide an overview of the pre-clinical evidence evaluating the use of miRNA therapy in SCI. Specifically, we have focused our attention on miRNAs that are widely associated with neuronal and axon regeneration. “MiRNA replacement therapy” aims to transfer miRNAs to diseased cells and improve targeting efficacy in the cells, and this new therapeutic tool could provide a promising technique to promote SCI repair and reduce functional deficits.
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The Roles of Par3, Par6, and aPKC Polarity Proteins in Normal Neurodevelopment and in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. J Neurosci 2022; 42:4774-4793. [PMID: 35705493 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0059-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal neural circuits and functions depend on proper neuronal differentiation, migration, synaptic plasticity, and maintenance. Abnormalities in these processes underlie various neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders. Neural development and maintenance are regulated by many proteins. Among them are Par3, Par6 (partitioning defective 3 and 6), and aPKC (atypical protein kinase C) families of evolutionarily conserved polarity proteins. These proteins perform versatile functions by forming tripartite or other combinations of protein complexes, which hereafter are collectively referred to as "Par complexes." In this review, we summarize the major findings on their biophysical and biochemical properties in cell polarization and signaling pathways. We next summarize their expression and localization in the nervous system as well as their versatile functions in various aspects of neurodevelopment, including neuroepithelial polarity, neurogenesis, neuronal migration, neurite differentiation, synaptic plasticity, and memory. These versatile functions rely on the fundamental roles of Par complexes in cell polarity in distinct cellular contexts. We also discuss how cell polarization may correlate with subcellular polarization in neurons. Finally, we review the involvement of Par complexes in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. While emerging evidence indicates that Par complexes are essential for proper neural development and maintenance, many questions on their in vivo functions have yet to be answered. Thus, Par3, Par6, and aPKC continue to be important research topics to advance neuroscience.
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Fu TY, Wang SH, Lin TY, Shen PC, Chang SC, Lin YH, Chou CJ, Yu YH, Yang KT, Huang CW, Shaw SW, Peng SY. The Exploration of miRNAs From Porcine Fallopian Tube Stem Cells on Porcine Oocytes. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:869217. [PMID: 35615247 PMCID: PMC9125035 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.869217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fallopian tube is essential to fertilization and embryonic development. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from Fallopian tube containing biological regulatory factors, such as lipids, proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) serve as the key role. At present, studies on oocytes from porcine oviduct and components from EVs remain limited. We aim to explore the effect of EVs secreted by porcine fallopian tube stem cells (PFTSCs) on oocyte. When the fifth-generation PFTSCs reached 80–90% of confluency, the pig in vitro maturation medium was utilized, and the conditioned medium collected for oocyte incubations. To realize the functions of EVs, several proteins were used to determine whether extracted EVs were cell-free. Field emission scanning electron microscope and nanoparticle tracking analyzer were used to observe the morphology. By next generation sequencing, 267 miRNAs were identified, and those with higher expression were selected to analyze the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment maps. The selected miR-152-3p, miR-148a-3p, miR-320a-3p, let-7f-5p, and miR-22-3p, were predicted to target Cepb1 gene affecting MAPK pathway. Of the five miRNAs, miR-320a-3p showed significant difference in maturation rate in vitro maturation. The blastocyst rate of pig embryos was also significantly enhanced by adding 50 nM miR-320a-3p. In vitro culture with miR-320a-3p, the blastocyst rate was significantly higher, but the cleavage rate and cell numbers were not. The CM of PFTSCs effectively improves porcine oocyte development. The miRNAs in EVs are sequenced and identified. miR-320a-3p not only helps the maturation, but also increases the blastocyst rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yen Fu
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Perng-Chih Shen
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Chang Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Chou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Yu
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Yang
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wei Huang
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Steven W. Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Steven W. Shaw
| | - Shao-Yu Peng
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Shao-Yu Peng
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Li J, Yao Y, Wang Y, Xu J, Zhao D, Liu M, Shi S, Lin Y. Modulation of the Crosstalk between Schwann Cells and Macrophages for Nerve Regeneration: A Therapeutic Strategy Based on a Multifunctional Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids System. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202513. [PMID: 35483031 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is currently recognized as one of the most significant public health issues and affects the general well-being of millions of individuals worldwide. Despite advances in nerve tissue engineering, nerve repair still cannot guarantee complete functional recovery. In the present study, an innovative approach is adopted to establish a multifunctional tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) system, denoted as MiDs, which can integrate the powerful programmability, permeability, and structural stability of tFNAs, with the nerve regeneration potential of microRNA-22 to enhance the communication between Schwann cells (SCs) and macrophages for more effective functional rehabilitation of peripheral nerves. Relevant results demonstrate that MiDs can amplify the ability of SCs to recruit macrophages and facilitate their polarization into the pro-healing M2 phenotype to reconstruct the post-injury microenvironment. Furthermore, MiDs can initiate the adaptive intracellular reprogramming of SCs within a short period to further promote axon regeneration and remyelination. MiDs represent a new possibility for enhancing nerve repair and may have critical clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Yangxue Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Jiangshan Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Mengting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
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12
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Hassan MN, Nabi F, Khan AN, Hussain M, Siddiqui WA, Uversky VN, Khan RH. The amyloid state of proteins: A boon or bane? Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 200:593-617. [PMID: 35074333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Proteins and their aggregation is significant field of research due to their association with various conformational maladies including well-known neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), and Huntington's (HD) diseases. Amyloids despite being given negative role for decades are also believed to play a functional role in bacteria to humans. In this review, we discuss both facets of amyloid. We have shed light on AD, which is one of the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease caused by accumulation of Aβ fibrils as extracellular senile plagues. We also discuss PD caused by the aggregation and deposition of α-synuclein in form of Lewy bodies and neurites. Other amyloid-associated diseases such as HD and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are also discussed. We have also reviewed functional amyloids that have various biological roles in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes that includes formation of biofilm and cell attachment in bacteria to hormone storage in humans, We discuss in detail the role of Curli fibrils' in biofilm formation, chaplins in cell attachment to peptide hormones, and Pre-Melansomal Protein (PMEL) roles. The disease-related and functional amyloids are compared with regard to their structural integrity, variation in regulation, and speed of forming aggregates and elucidate how amyloids have turned from foe to friend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nadir Hassan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Faisal Nabi
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Asra Nasir Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Murtaza Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Waseem A Siddiqui
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Protein Research Group, Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy 11 of Sciences", Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia; Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College 13 of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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13
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Regional and temporal miRNAs expression profile in a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy: implication for its pathogenesis. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:7020-7028. [PMID: 31988432 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that the expression level of different microRNAs (miRNAs) is altered in neurodegenerative disorders including tauopathies, a group of diseases pathologically defined by accumulation of tau protein in neurons and glia cells. However, despite this evidence we still do not know whether miRNA changes precede their onset, thus potentially contributing to the pathogenesis, or are downstream events secondary to tau pathology. In the current paper, we assessed the miRNA expression profile at different age time points and brain regions in a relevant mouse model of human tauopathy, the hTau mice, in relationship with the development of behavioral deficits and tau neuropathology. Compared with age-matched control, four specific miRNAs (miR-132-3p, miIR-146a-5p, miR-22-3p, and miR-455-5p) were found significantly upregulated in 12-month-old hTau mice. Interestingly, three of them (miR-132-3p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-22-3p) were already increased in 6-month-old mice, an age before the development of tau pathologic phenotype. Investigation of their predicted targets highlighted pathways relevant to neuronal survival and synaptic function. Collectively, our findings support the new hypothesis that in tauopathies the change in the expression level of specific miRNAs is an early event and plays a functional role in the pathogenesis of the diseases by impacting several mechanisms involved in the development of the associated neuropathology.
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14
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Oe S, Hayashi S, Tanaka S, Koike T, Hirahara Y, Kakizaki R, Sakamoto S, Noda Y, Yamada H, Kitada M. Cpeb1 expression is post-transcriptionally regulated by AUF1, CPEB1, and microRNAs. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 12:82-94. [PMID: 34480525 PMCID: PMC8727934 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1) regulates the translation of numerous mRNAs. We previously showed that AU‐rich binding factor 1 (AUF1) regulates Cpeb1 expression through the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR). To investigate the molecular basis of the regulatory potential of the Cpeb1 3’UTR, here we performed reporter analyses that examined expression levels of Gfp reporter mRNA containing the Cpeb1 3’UTR. Our findings indicate that CPEB1 represses the translation of Cpeb1 mRNA and that miR‐145a‐5p and let‐7b‐5p are involved in the reduction in Cpeb1 expression in the absence of AUF1. These results suggest that Cpeb1 expression is post‐transcriptionally regulated by AUF1, CPEB1, and microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souichi Oe
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hayashi
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Susumu Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Taro Koike
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Yukie Hirahara
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Rio Kakizaki
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Sumika Sakamoto
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Yasuko Noda
- Department of Anatomy, Bio-imaging and Neuro-cell Science, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamada
- Biwako Professional University of Rehabilitation, Higashi-Ohmi, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitada
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
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15
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Woods BJ, Van Vactor D. miRNA: local guardians of presynaptic function in plasticity and disease. RNA Biol 2021; 18:1014-1024. [PMID: 33586621 PMCID: PMC8216186 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1871214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental fitness is an essential component of animal survival. Fitness is achieved through responsive physiological plasticity of tissues across the entire body, and particularly in the nervous system. At the molecular level, neural plasticity is mediated via gene-environmental interactions whereby developmental cues and experience dependent input adapt neuronal function to ever changing demands. To this end, neuronal gene regulation must be coupled to changes in neural activity. Seminal discoveries of the 20th century demonstrated neural activity modifies gene expression through calcium-dependent gene transcription. Building on this model, recent work over the last two decades shows that mRNA products of transcriptional programming continue to be regulated in the neuron through the activity-dependent post-transcriptional action of microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are special post-transcriptional regulators that can tune gene expression within the spatial and temporal requirements of synaptic compartments. This mode of gene regulation has proven to be essential for synaptic function and plasticity as miRNA loss of function is highly associated with neural disease. In this review we will discuss current perspective on the link between presynaptic plasticity and miRNA biogenesis in the neuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J. Woods
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Van Vactor
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Vaglietti S, Fiumara F. PolyQ length co-evolution in neural proteins. NAR Genom Bioinform 2021; 3:lqab032. [PMID: 34017944 PMCID: PMC8121095 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermolecular co-evolution optimizes physiological performance in functionally related proteins, ultimately increasing molecular co-adaptation and evolutionary fitness. Polyglutamine (polyQ) repeats, which are over-represented in nervous system-related proteins, are increasingly recognized as length-dependent regulators of protein function and interactions, and their length variation contributes to intraspecific phenotypic variability and interspecific divergence. However, it is unclear whether polyQ repeat lengths evolve independently in each protein or rather co-evolve across functionally related protein pairs and networks, as in an integrated regulatory system. To address this issue, we investigated here the length evolution and co-evolution of polyQ repeats in clusters of functionally related and physically interacting neural proteins in Primates. We observed function-/disease-related polyQ repeat enrichment and evolutionary hypervariability in specific neural protein clusters, particularly in the neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric domains. Notably, these analyses detected extensive patterns of intermolecular polyQ length co-evolution in pairs and clusters of functionally related, physically interacting proteins. Moreover, they revealed both direct and inverse polyQ length co-variation in protein pairs, together with complex patterns of coordinated repeat variation in entire polyQ protein sets. These findings uncover a whole system of co-evolving polyQ repeats in neural proteins with direct implications for understanding polyQ-dependent phenotypic variability, neurocognitive evolution and neuropsychiatric disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Vaglietti
- Rita Levi Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Fiumara
- Rita Levi Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy
- National Institute of Neuroscience (INN), University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy
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17
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Kozlov E, Shidlovskii YV, Gilmutdinov R, Schedl P, Zhukova M. The role of CPEB family proteins in the nervous system function in the norm and pathology. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:64. [PMID: 33789753 PMCID: PMC8011179 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00577-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranscriptional gene regulation includes mRNA transport, localization, translation, and regulation of mRNA stability. CPEB (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding) family proteins bind to specific sites within the 3′-untranslated region and mediate poly- and deadenylation of transcripts, activating or repressing protein synthesis. As part of ribonucleoprotein complexes, the CPEB proteins participate in mRNA transport and localization to different sub-cellular compartments. The CPEB proteins are evolutionarily conserved and have similar functions in vertebrates and invertebrates. In the nervous system, the CPEB proteins are involved in cell division, neural development, learning, and memory. Here we consider the functional features of these proteins in the nervous system of phylogenetically distant organisms: Drosophila, a well-studied model, and mammals. Disruption of the CPEB proteins functioning is associated with various pathologies, such as autism spectrum disorder and brain cancer. At the same time, CPEB gene regulation can provide for a recovery of the brain function in patients with fragile X syndrome and Huntington's disease, making the CPEB genes promising targets for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Kozlov
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 119334
| | - Yulii V Shidlovskii
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 119334.,Department of Biology and General Genetics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia, 119992
| | - Rudolf Gilmutdinov
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 119334
| | - Paul Schedl
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 119334.,Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544-1014, USA
| | - Mariya Zhukova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 119334.
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18
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Hervás R, Del Carmen Fernández-Ramírez M, Galera-Prat A, Suzuki M, Nagai Y, Bruix M, Menéndez M, Laurents DV, Carrión-Vázquez M. Divergent CPEB prion-like domains reveal different assembly mechanisms for a generic amyloid-like fold. BMC Biol 2021; 19:43. [PMID: 33706787 PMCID: PMC7953810 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-00967-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloids are ordered, insoluble protein aggregates, characterized by a cross-β sheet quaternary structure in which molecules in a β-strand conformation are stacked along the filament axis via intermolecular interactions. While amyloids are typically associated with pathological conditions, functional amyloids have also been identified and are present in a wide variety of organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding (CPEB) prion-like protein is an mRNA-binding translation regulator, whose neuronal isoforms undergo activity-dependent aggregation, a process that has emerged as a plausible biochemical substrate for memory maintenance. CPEB aggregation is driven by prion-like domains (PLD) that are divergent in sequence across species, and it remains unknown whether such divergent PLDs follow a similar aggregating assembly pathway. Here, we describe the amyloid-like features of the neuronal Aplysia CPEB (ApCPEB) PLD and compare them to those of the Drosophila ortholog, Orb2 PLD. RESULTS Using in vitro single-molecule and bulk biophysical methods, we find transient oligomers and mature amyloid-like filaments that suggest similarities in the late stages of the assembly pathway for both ApCPEB and Orb2 PLDs. However, while prior to aggregation the Orb2 PLD monomer remains mainly as a random coil in solution, ApCPEB PLD adopts a diversity of conformations comprising α-helical structures that evolve to coiled-coil species, indicating structural differences at the beginning of their amyloid assembly pathways. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that divergent PLDs of CPEB proteins from different species retain the ability to form a generic amyloid-like fold through different assembly mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Hervás
- Instituto Cajal, IC-CSIC, Avda. Doctor Arce 37, E-28002, Madrid, Spain. .,Present address: School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | | | | | - Mari Suzuki
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Present address: Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Sensory and Motor Systems, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nagai
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Present address: Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Marta Bruix
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, IQFR-CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Menéndez
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, IQFR-CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Douglas V Laurents
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, IQFR-CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Qu W, Jin H, Chen BP, Liu J, Li R, Guo W, Tian H. CPEB3 regulates neuron-specific alternative splicing and involves neurogenesis gene expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:2330-2347. [PMID: 33318303 PMCID: PMC7880327 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the mammalian brain, alternative pre-mRNA splicing is a fundamental mechanism that modifies neuronal function dynamically where secretion of different splice variants regulates neurogenesis, development, pathfinding, maintenance, migration, and synaptogenesis. Sequence-specific RNA-Binding Protein CPEB3 has distinctive isoform-distinct biochemical interactions and neuronal development assembly roles. Nonetheless, the mechanisms moderating splice isoform options remain unclear. To establish the modulatory trend of CPEB3, we cloned and excessively expressed CPEB3 in HT22 cells. We used RNA-seq to analyze CPEB3-regulated alternative splicing on control and CPEB3-overexpressing cells. Consequently, we used iRIP-seq to identify CPEB-binding targets. We additionally validated CPEB3-modulated genes using RT-qPCR. CPEB3 overexpression had insignificant effects on gene expression in HT22 cells. Notably, CPEB3 partially modulated differential gene splicing enhanced in the modulation of neural development, neuron cycle, neurotrophin, synapse, and specific development pathway, implying an alternative splicing regulatory mechanism associated with neurogenesis. Moreover, qRT-PCR verified the CPEB3-modulated transcription of neurogenesis genes LCN2 and NAV2, synaptogenesis gene CYLD, as well as neural development gene JADE1. Herein, we established that CPEB3 is a critical modulator of alternative splicing in neurogenesis, which remarkably enhances the current understanding of the CPEB3 mediated alternative pre-mRNA splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Qu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hongjuan Jin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing-Peng Chen
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wenlai Guo
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Heng Tian
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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20
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Oe S, Koike T, Hirahara Y, Tanaka S, Hayashi S, Nakano Y, Kase M, Noda Y, Yamada H, Kitada M. AUF1, an mRNA decay factor, has a discordant role in Cpeb1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:491-497. [PMID: 33220927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1) regulates polyadenylation and subsequent translation of CPE-containing mRNAs involved in various physiological and pathological phenomena. Although the significance of CPEB1-mediated translational regulation has recently been reported, the detailed regulatory mechanism of Cpeb1 expression remains unclear. To elucidate the post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of Cpeb1 expression, we constructed reporter plasmids containing various deletions or mutations in the Cpeb1 mRNA 3' untranslated region (3'UTR). We investigated their expression levels in Neuro2a neuroblastoma cells. We found that Cpeb1 expression is regulated through an AU-rich element in its 3'UTR. Furthermore, the mRNA decay factor AU-rich binding factor 1 (AUF1) regulates Cpeb1 expression, and knockdown of AUF1 upregulates Cpeb1 mRNA expression but results in a decrease in CPEB1 protein levels. These findings indicate that AUF1 has a discordant role in the expression of Cpeb1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souichi Oe
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Taro Koike
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yukie Hirahara
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Susumu Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hayashi
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yosuke Nakano
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kase
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yasuko Noda
- Department of Anatomy, Bio-imaging and Neuro-cell Science, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamada
- Biwako Professional University of Rehabilitation, Higashi-Ohmi, Shiga, 527-0145, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitada
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
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21
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Ravanidis S, Bougea A, Papagiannakis N, Koros C, Simitsi AM, Pachi I, Breza M, Stefanis L, Doxakis E. Validation of differentially expressed brain-enriched microRNAs in the plasma of PD patients. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:1594-1607. [PMID: 32860338 PMCID: PMC7480914 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective There is a pressing need to identify and validate, minimally invasive, molecular biomarkers that will complement current practices and increase the diagnostic accuracy in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Brain‐enriched miRNAs regulate all aspects of neuron development and function; importantly, they are secreted by neurons in amounts that can be readily detected in the plasma. Τhe aim of the present study was to validate a set of previously identified brain‐enriched miRNAs with diagnostic potential for idiopathic PD and recognize the molecular pathways affected by these deregulated miRNAs. Methods RT‐qPCR was performed in the plasma of 92 healthy controls and 108 idiopathic PD subjects. Statistical and in silico analyses were used to validate deregulated miRNAs and pathways in PD, respectively. Results miR‐22‐3p, miR‐124‐3p, miR‐136‐3p, miR‐154‐5p, and miR‐323a‐3p levels were found to be differentially expressed between healthy controls and PD patients. miR‐330‐5p, miR‐433‐3p, and miR‐495‐3p levels were overall higher in male subjects. Most of these miRNAs are clustered at Chr14q32 displaying CREB1, CEBPB, and MAZ transcription factor binding sites. Gene Ontology annotation analysis of deregulated miRNA targets revealed that “Protein modification,” “Transcription factor activity,” and “Cell death” terms were over‐represented. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome analysis revealed that “Long‐term depression,” “TGF‐beta signaling,” and “FoxO signaling” pathways were significantly affected. Interpretation We validated a panel of brain‐enriched miRNAs that can be used along with other measures for the detection of PD, revealed molecular pathways targeted by these deregulated miRNAs, and identified upstream transcription factors that may be directly implicated in PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Ravanidis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Anastasia Bougea
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece.,Center of Clinical Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece.,First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, 11528, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papagiannakis
- Center of Clinical Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece.,First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, 11528, Greece
| | - Christos Koros
- First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, 11528, Greece
| | - Athina Maria Simitsi
- First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, 11528, Greece
| | - Ioanna Pachi
- First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, 11528, Greece
| | - Marianthi Breza
- First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, 11528, Greece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- Center of Clinical Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece.,First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, 11528, Greece
| | - Epaminondas Doxakis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
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22
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Functional Mammalian Amyloids and Amyloid-Like Proteins. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10090156. [PMID: 32825636 PMCID: PMC7555005 DOI: 10.3390/life10090156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are highly ordered fibrous cross-β protein aggregates that are notorious primarily because of association with a variety of incurable human and animal diseases (termed amyloidoses), including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and prion diseases. Some amyloid-associated diseases, in particular T2D and AD, are widespread and affect hundreds of millions of people all over the world. However, recently it has become evident that many amyloids, termed “functional amyloids,” are involved in various activities that are beneficial to organisms. Functional amyloids were discovered in diverse taxa, ranging from bacteria to mammals. These amyloids are involved in vital biological functions such as long-term memory, storage of peptide hormones and scaffolding melanin polymerization in animals, substrate attachment, and biofilm formation in bacteria and fungi, etc. Thus, amyloids undoubtedly are playing important roles in biological and pathological processes. This review is focused on functional amyloids in mammals and summarizes approaches used for identifying new potentially amyloidogenic proteins and domains.
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23
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Kulkarni A, Lopez DH, Extavour CG. Shared Cell Biological Functions May Underlie Pleiotropy of Molecular Interactions in the Germ Lines and Nervous Systems of Animals. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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24
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Peng J, Wu HJ, Zhang HF, Fang SQ, Zeng R. miR-143-3p inhibits proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating its target gene FGF1. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 23:468-480. [PMID: 32617870 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore FGF1 and miR-143-3p expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and its related mechanisms. METHODS Eighty-two HCC patients treated at our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were enrolled as Group A, while further 80 healthy people undergoing physical examinations during the same time period were enrolled as Group B. HCC cells and normal human liver cells were purchased, with HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-FGF1, si-FGF1, NC, miR-143-3p-inhibitor and miR-143-3p-mimics. FGF1 and miR-143-3p expression was detected by qRT-PCR. The expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail, Slug, E-cadherin and γ-catenin was detected by Western Blotting (WB). Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Cell invasion was detected by Transwell. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS FGF1 was highly expressed but miR-143-3p was poorly expressed in HCC cells. Areas under the curves (AUCs) of the two indicators were > 0.8. The indicators were correlated with the age, gender, tumor invasion, degree of differentiation, tumor location and TNM staging of the patients. Silencing FGF1 and overexpressing miR-143-3p could promote cell apoptosis, inhibit cell growth, cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail and Slug, and increase the expression of E-cadherin and γ-catenin. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay (DLRGA) confirmed that FGF1 and miR-143-3p had a targeted relationship. The rescue experiment showed that the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells in the miR-143-3p-mimics+pcDNA3.1-FGF1 and miR-143-3p-inhibitor+Si-FGF1 groups were not different from those in the miR-NC group. CONCLUSION Inhibiting FGF1 can upregulate miR-143-3p-mediated Hedgehog signaling pathway, and affect cells' EMT, proliferation and invasion, so FGF1 is expected to become a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - H J Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 117 Zhuodaoquan South Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - H F Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 117 Zhuodaoquan South Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - S Q Fang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 117 Zhuodaoquan South Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - R Zeng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 117 Zhuodaoquan South Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
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Qu WR, Sun QH, Liu QQ, Jin HJ, Cui RJ, Yang W, Song DB, Li BJ. Role of CPEB3 protein in learning and memory: new insights from synaptic plasticity. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:15169-15182. [PMID: 32619199 PMCID: PMC7425470 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding (CPEB) protein family have demonstrated a crucial role for establishing synaptic plasticity and memory in model organisms. In this review, we outline evidence for CPEB3 as a crucial regulator of learning and memory, citing evidence from behavioral, electrophysiological and morphological studies. Subsequently, the regulatory role of CPEB3 is addressed in the context of the plasticity-related proteins, including AMPA and NMDA receptor subunits, actin, and the synaptic scaffolding protein PSD95. Finally, we delve into some of the more well-studied molecular mechanisms that guide the functionality of this dynamic regulator both during synaptic stimulation and in its basal state, including a variety of upstream regulators, post-translational modifications, and important structural domains that confer the unique properties of CPEB3. Collectively, this review offers a comprehensive view of the regulatory layers that allow a pathway for CPEB3’s maintenance of translational control that guides the necessary protein changes required for the establishment and maintenance of lasting synaptic plasticity and ultimately, long term learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Rui Qu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Han Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qian Qian Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Juan Jin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ran Ji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - De Biao Song
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Jin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Zhang S, Shen S, Yang Z, Kong X, Liu F, Zhen Z. Coding and Non-coding RNAs: Molecular Basis of Forest-Insect Outbreaks. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:369. [PMID: 32596236 PMCID: PMC7300193 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect population dynamics are closely related to 'human' ecological and economic environments, and a central focus of research is outbreaks. However, the lack of molecular-based investigations restricts our understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms responsible for insect outbreaks. In this context, the moth Dendrolimus punctatus Walker can serve as an ideal model species for insect population dynamics research because it undergoes periodic outbreaks. Here, high-throughput whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed using D. punctatus, sampled during latent and outbreak periods, to systemically explore the molecular basis of insect outbreaks and to identify the involved non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulators, namely microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. Differentially expressed mRNAs of D. punctatus from different outbreak periods were involved in developmental, reproductive, immune, and chemosensory processes; results that were consistent with the physiological differences in D. punctatus during differing outbreak periods. Targets analysis of the non-coding RNAs indicated that long non-coding RNAs could be the primary ncRNA regulators of D. punctatus outbreaks, while circular RNAs mainly regulated synapses and cell junctions. The target genes of differentially expressed microRNAs mainly regulated the metabolic and reproductive pathways during the D. punctatus outbreaks. Developmental, multi-organismal, and reproductive processes, as well as biological adhesion, characterized the competing endogenous RNA network. Chemosensory and immune genes closely related to the outbreak of D. punctatus were further analyzed in detail: from their ncRNA regulators' analysis, we deduce that both lncRNA and miRNA may play significant roles. This is the first report to examine the molecular basis of coding and non-coding RNAs' roles in insect outbreaks. The results provide potential biomarkers for control targets in forest insect management, as well as fresh insights into underlying outbreak-related mechanisms, which could be used for improving insect control strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Sifan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwu Yang
- Forestry Comprehensive Development Center of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - Xiangbo Kong
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Fu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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27
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miRNAs-dependent regulation of synapse formation and function. Genes Genomics 2020; 42:837-845. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-00940-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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28
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Pelassa I, Cibelli M, Villeri V, Lilliu E, Vaglietti S, Olocco F, Ghirardi M, Montarolo PG, Corà D, Fiumara F. Compound Dynamics and Combinatorial Patterns of Amino Acid Repeats Encode a System of Evolutionary and Developmental Markers. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 11:3159-3178. [PMID: 31589292 PMCID: PMC6839033 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Homopolymeric amino acid repeats (AARs) like polyalanine (polyA) and polyglutamine (polyQ) in some developmental proteins (DPs) regulate certain aspects of organismal morphology and behavior, suggesting an evolutionary role for AARs as developmental "tuning knobs." It is still unclear, however, whether these are occasional protein-specific phenomena or hints at the existence of a whole AAR-based regulatory system in DPs. Using novel approaches to trace their functional and evolutionary history, we find quantitative evidence supporting a generalized, combinatorial role of AARs in developmental processes with evolutionary implications. We observe nonrandom AAR distributions and combinations in HOX and other DPs, as well as in their interactomes, defining elements of a proteome-wide combinatorial functional code whereby different AARs and their combinations appear preferentially in proteins involved in the development of specific organs/systems. Such functional associations can be either static or display detectable evolutionary dynamics. These findings suggest that progressive changes in AAR occurrence/combination, by altering embryonic development, may have contributed to taxonomic divergence, leaving detectable traces in the evolutionary history of proteomes. Consistent with this hypothesis, we find that the evolutionary trajectories of the 20 AARs in eukaryotic proteomes are highly interrelated and their individual or compound dynamics can sharply mark taxonomic boundaries, or display clock-like trends, carrying overall a strong phylogenetic signal. These findings provide quantitative evidence and an interpretive framework outlining a combinatorial system of AARs whose compound dynamics mark at the same time DP functions and evolutionary transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Pelassa
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Marica Cibelli
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Veronica Villeri
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Lilliu
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Serena Vaglietti
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Olocco
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Mirella Ghirardi
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Italy.,National Institute of Neuroscience (INN), Torino, Italy
| | - Pier Giorgio Montarolo
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Italy.,National Institute of Neuroscience (INN), Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Corà
- Department of Translational Medicine, Piemonte Orientale University, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Novara, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Fiumara
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Italy.,National Institute of Neuroscience (INN), Torino, Italy
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Li B, Wang Z, Yu M, Wang X, Wang X, Chen C, Zhang Z, Zhang M, Sun C, Zhao C, Li Q, Wang W, Wang T, Zhang L, Ning G, Feng S. miR-22-3p enhances the intrinsic regenerative abilities of primary sensory neurons via the CBL/p-EGFR/p-STAT3/GAP43/p-GAP43 axis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4605-4617. [PMID: 31663116 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease. Strategies that enhance the intrinsic regenerative ability are very important for the recovery of SCI to radically prevent the occurrence of sensory disorders. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) showed a limited effect on the growth of primary sensory neuron neurites due to the degradation of phosphorylated-epidermal growth factor receptor (p-EGFR) in a manner dependent on Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (CBL) (an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase). MiR-22-3p predicted from four databases could target CBL to inhibit the expression of CBL, increase p-EGFR levels and neurites length via STAT3/GAP43 pathway rather than Erk1/2 axis. EGF, EGFR, and miR-22-3p were downregulated sharply after injury. In vivo miR-22-3p Agomir application could regulate CBL/p-EGFR/p-STAT3/GAP43/p-GAP43 axis, and restore spinal cord sensory conductive function. This study clarified the mechanism of the limited promotion effect of EGF on adult primary sensory neuron neurite and targeting miR-22-3p could be a novel strategy to treat sensory dysfunction after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Leukemia Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, Institute of Hematology & Hospital of Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 30020, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Graduate School, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Chuanjie Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengde Central Hospital, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The 981st Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Department of Graduate School, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The 981st Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Guangzhi Ning
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Department of Translational Medicine, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Department of Translational Medicine, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
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Isoform Specificity of PKMs during Long-Term Facilitation in Aplysia Is Mediated through Stabilization by KIBRA. J Neurosci 2019; 39:8632-8644. [PMID: 31537706 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0943-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent activity of protein kinase M (PKM), the truncated form of protein kinase C (PKC), can maintain long-term changes in synaptic strength in many systems, including the hermaphrodite marine mollusk, Aplysia californica Moreover, different types of long-term facilitation (LTF) in cultured Aplysia sensorimotor synapses rely on the activities of different PKM isoforms in the presynaptic sensory neuron and postsynaptic motor neuron. When the atypical PKM isoform is required, the kidney and brain expressed adaptor protein (KIBRA) is also required. Here, we explore how this isoform specificity is established. We find that PKM overexpression in the motor neuron, but not the sensory neuron, is sufficient to increase synaptic strength and that this activity is not isoform-specific. KIBRA is not the rate-limiting step in facilitation since overexpression of KIBRA is neither sufficient to increase synaptic strength, nor to prolong a form of PKM-dependent intermediate synaptic facilitation. However, the isoform specificity of dominant-negative-PKMs to erase LTF is correlated with isoform-specific competition for stabilization by KIBRA. We identify a new conserved region of KIBRA. Different splice isoforms in this region stabilize different PKMs based on the isoform-specific sequence of an α-helix "handle" in the PKMs. Thus, specific stabilization of distinct PKMs by different isoforms of KIBRA can explain the isoform specificity of PKMs during LTF in Aplysia SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Long-lasting changes in synaptic plasticity associated with memory formation are maintained by persistent protein kinases. We have previously shown in the Aplysia sensorimotor model that distinct isoforms of persistently active protein kinase Cs (PKMs) maintain distinct forms of long-lasting synaptic changes, even when both forms are expressed in the same motor neuron. Here, we show that, while the effects of overexpression of PKMs are not isoform-specific, isoform specificity is defined by a "handle" helix in PKMs that confers stabilization by distinct splice forms in a previously undefined domain of the adaptor protein KIBRA. Thus, we define new regions in both KIBRA and PKMs that define the isoform specificity for maintaining synaptic strength in distinct facilitation paradigms.
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31
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Hegde AN, Smith SG. Recent developments in transcriptional and translational regulation underlying long-term synaptic plasticity and memory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:307-317. [PMID: 31416904 PMCID: PMC6699410 DOI: 10.1101/lm.048769.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Formation of long-term synaptic plasticity that underlies long-term memory requires new protein synthesis. Years of research has elucidated some of the transcriptional and translational mechanisms that contribute to the production of new proteins. Early research on transcription focused on the transcription factor cAMP-responsive element binding protein. Since then, other transcription factors, such as the Nuclear Receptor 4 family of proteins that play a role in memory formation and maintenance have been identified. In addition, several studies have revealed details of epigenetic mechanisms consisting of new types of chemical alterations of DNA such as hydroxymethylation, and various histone modifications in long-term synaptic plasticity and memory. Our understanding of translational control critical for memory formation began with the identification of molecules that impinge on the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions of mRNAs and continued with the appreciation for local translation near synaptic sites. Lately, a role for noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs in regulating translation factors and other molecules critical for memory has been found. This review describes the past research in brief and mainly focuses on the recent work on molecular mechanisms of transcriptional and translational regulation that form the underpinnings of long-term synaptic plasticity and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok N Hegde
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, Georgia 31061, USA
| | - Spencer G Smith
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, Georgia 31061, USA
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32
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Smolen P, Baxter DA, Byrne JH. How can memories last for days, years, or a lifetime? Proposed mechanisms for maintaining synaptic potentiation and memory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:133-150. [PMID: 30992383 PMCID: PMC6478248 DOI: 10.1101/lm.049395.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
With memory encoding reliant on persistent changes in the properties of synapses, a key question is how can memories be maintained from days to months or a lifetime given molecular turnover? It is likely that positive feedback loops are necessary to persistently maintain the strength of synapses that participate in encoding. Such feedback may occur within signal-transduction cascades and/or the regulation of translation, and it may occur within specific subcellular compartments or within neuronal networks. Not surprisingly, numerous positive feedback loops have been proposed. Some posited loops operate at the level of biochemical signal-transduction cascades, such as persistent activation of Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) or protein kinase Mζ. Another level consists of feedback loops involving transcriptional, epigenetic and translational pathways, and autocrine actions of growth factors such as BDNF. Finally, at the neuronal network level, recurrent reactivation of cell assemblies encoding memories is likely to be essential for late maintenance of memory. These levels are not isolated, but linked by shared components of feedback loops. Here, we review characteristics of some commonly discussed feedback loops proposed to underlie the maintenance of memory and long-term synaptic plasticity, assess evidence for and against their necessity, and suggest experiments that could further delineate the dynamics of these feedback loops. We also discuss crosstalk between proposed loops, and ways in which such interaction can facilitate the rapidity and robustness of memory formation and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Smolen
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, W. M. Keck Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, McGovern Medical School of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Douglas A Baxter
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, W. M. Keck Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, McGovern Medical School of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - John H Byrne
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, W. M. Keck Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, McGovern Medical School of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Bryzgalov DV, Kuznetsova IL, Rogaev EI. Enhancement of Declarative Memory: From Genetic Regulation to Non-invasive Stimulation. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:1124-1138. [PMID: 30472951 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918090146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The problem of memory enhancement is extremely important in intellectual activity areas and therapy of different types of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The attempts to solve this problem have come from different research fields. In the first part of our review, we describe the results of targeting certain genes involved in memory-associated molecular pathways. The second part of the review is focused on the deep stimulation of brain structures that can slow down memory loss in AD. The third part describes the results of the use of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques for memory modulation, consolidation, and retrieval in healthy people and animal models. Integration of data from different research fields is essential for the development of efficient strategies for memory enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Bryzgalov
- Memory, Oscillations, Brain States (MOBS) Team, Brain Plasticity Unit, CNRS UMR 8249, ESPCI Paris, Paris, France.
| | - I L Kuznetsova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - E I Rogaev
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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34
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Baltaci SB, Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK. Molecular Mechanisms of Early and Late LTP. Neurochem Res 2018; 44:281-296. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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35
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Polyserine repeats promote coiled coil-mediated fibril formation and length-dependent protein aggregation. J Struct Biol 2018; 204:572-584. [PMID: 30194983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Short polyserine (polyS) repeats are frequently found in proteins and longer ones are produced in neurological disorders such as Huntington disease (HD) owing to translational frameshifting or non-ATG-dependent translation, together with polyglutamine (polyQ) and polyalanine (polyA) repeats, forming intracellular aggregates. However, the physiological and pathological structures of polyS repeats are not clearly understood. Early studies highlighted their structural versatility, similar to other homopolymers whose conformation is influenced by the surrounding protein context. As polyS stretches are frequently near polyQ and polyA repeats, which can be part of coiled coil (CC) structures, and the frameshift-derived polyS repeats in HD directly flank CC heptads important for aggregation, we investigate here the structural and aggregation properties of polyS in the context of CC structures. We have taken advantage of peptide models, previously used to study polyQ and polyA in CCs, in which we inserted polyS repeats of variable length and studied them in comparison with polyQ and polyA peptides. We found that polyS repeats promote CC-mediated polymerization and fibrillization as revealed by circular dichroism, chemical crosslinking, and atomic force microscopy. Furthermore, they promote CC-based, length-dependent intracellular aggregation, which is negligible with 7 and widespread with 49 serines. These findings show that polyS repeats can participate in the formation of CCs, as previously found for polyQ and polyA, conferring to peptides distinctive structural properties with aggregation kinetics that are intermediate between those of polyA and polyQ CCs, and contribute to an overall structural definition of the pathophysiogical roles of homopolymeric repeats in CC structures.
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36
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Walters ET. Nociceptive Biology of Molluscs and Arthropods: Evolutionary Clues About Functions and Mechanisms Potentially Related to Pain. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1049. [PMID: 30123137 PMCID: PMC6085516 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Important insights into the selection pressures and core molecular modules contributing to the evolution of pain-related processes have come from studies of nociceptive systems in several molluscan and arthropod species. These phyla, and the chordates that include humans, last shared a common ancestor approximately 550 million years ago. Since then, animals in these phyla have continued to be subject to traumatic injury, often from predators, which has led to similar adaptive behaviors (e.g., withdrawal, escape, recuperative behavior) and physiological responses to injury in each group. Comparisons across these taxa provide clues about the contributions of convergent evolution and of conservation of ancient adaptive mechanisms to general nociceptive and pain-related functions. Primary nociceptors have been investigated extensively in a few molluscan and arthropod species, with studies of long-lasting nociceptive sensitization in the gastropod, Aplysia, and the insect, Drosophila, being especially fruitful. In Aplysia, nociceptive sensitization has been investigated as a model for aversive memory and for hyperalgesia. Neuromodulator-induced, activity-dependent, and axotomy-induced plasticity mechanisms have been defined in synapses, cell bodies, and axons of Aplysia primary nociceptors. Studies of nociceptive sensitization in Drosophila larvae have revealed numerous molecular contributors in primary nociceptors and interacting cells. Interestingly, molecular contributors examined thus far in Aplysia and Drosophila are largely different, but both sets overlap extensively with those in mammalian pain-related pathways. In contrast to results from Aplysia and Drosophila, nociceptive sensitization examined in moth larvae (Manduca) disclosed central hyperactivity but no obvious peripheral sensitization of nociceptive responses. Squid (Doryteuthis) show injury-induced sensitization manifested as behavioral hypersensitivity to tactile and especially visual stimuli, and as hypersensitivity and spontaneous activity in nociceptor terminals. Temporary blockade of nociceptor activity during injury subsequently increased mortality when injured squid were exposed to fish predators, providing the first demonstration in any animal of the adaptiveness of nociceptive sensitization. Immediate responses to noxious stimulation and nociceptive sensitization have also been examined behaviorally and physiologically in a snail (Helix), octopus (Adopus), crayfish (Astacus), hermit crab (Pagurus), and shore crab (Hemigrapsus). Molluscs and arthropods have systems that suppress nociceptive responses, but whether opioid systems play antinociceptive roles in these phyla is uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar T Walters
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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RNA from Trained Aplysia Can Induce an Epigenetic Engram for Long-Term Sensitization in Untrained Aplysia. eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-NWR-0038-18. [PMID: 29789810 PMCID: PMC5962046 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0038-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise nature of the engram, the physical substrate of memory, remains uncertain. Here, it is reported that RNA extracted from the central nervous system of Aplysia given long-term sensitization (LTS) training induced sensitization when injected into untrained animals; furthermore, the RNA-induced sensitization, like training-induced sensitization, required DNA methylation. In cellular experiments, treatment with RNA extracted from trained animals was found to increase excitability in sensory neurons, but not in motor neurons, dissociated from naïve animals. Thus, the behavioral, and a subset of the cellular, modifications characteristic of a form of nonassociative long-term memory (LTM) in Aplysia can be transferred by RNA. These results indicate that RNA is sufficient to generate an engram for LTS in Aplysia and are consistent with the hypothesis that RNA-induced epigenetic changes underlie memory storage in Aplysia.
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Korneev SA, Vavoulis DV, Naskar S, Dyakonova VE, Kemenes I, Kemenes G. A CREB2-targeting microRNA is required for long-term memory after single-trial learning. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3950. [PMID: 29500383 PMCID: PMC5834643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although single-trial induced long-term memories (LTM) have been of major interest in neuroscience, how LTM can form after a single episode of learning remains largely unknown. We hypothesized that the removal of molecular inhibitory constraints by microRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important role in this process. To test this hypothesis, first we constructed small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) cDNA libraries from the CNS of Lymnaea stagnalis subjected to a single conditioning trial. Then, by next generation sequencing of these libraries, we identified a specific pool of miRNAs regulated by training. Of these miRNAs, we focussed on Lym-miR-137 whose seed region shows perfect complementarity to a target sequence in the 3' UTR of the mRNA for CREB2, a well-known memory repressor. We found that Lym-miR-137 was transiently up-regulated 1 h after single-trial conditioning, preceding a down-regulation of Lym-CREB2 mRNA. Furthermore, we discovered that Lym-miR-137 is co-expressed with Lym-CREB2 mRNA in an identified neuron with an established role in LTM. Finally, using an in vivo loss-of-function approach we demonstrated that Lym-miR-137 is required for single-trial induced LTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Korneev
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.
| | - Dimitris V Vavoulis
- RDM Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Clifton, BS8 1UB, UK
| | - Souvik Naskar
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Varvara E Dyakonova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Ildikó Kemenes
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - György Kemenes
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
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Upadhyay A, Mishra A. Amyloids of multiple species: are they helpful in survival? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1363-1386. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan 342011 India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan 342011 India
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Liu Y, Chen X, Cheng R, Yang F, Yu M, Wang C, Cui S, Hong Y, Liang H, Liu M, Zhao C, Ding M, Sun W, Liu Z, Sun F, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Jiang X, Chen X. The Jun/miR-22/HuR regulatory axis contributes to tumourigenesis in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:11. [PMID: 29351796 PMCID: PMC5775639 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a severe health problem worldwide. Clarifying the mechanisms for the deregulation of oncogenes and tumour suppressors in CRC is vital for its diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and prevention. Hu antigen R (HuR), which is highly upregulated in CRC, functions as a pivotal oncogene to promote CRC progression. However, the underlying cause of its dysregulation is poorly understood. Methods In CRC tissue sample pairs, HuR protein levels were measured by Western blot and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, respectively. HuR mRNA levels were also monitored by qRT-PCR. Combining meta-analysis and microRNA (miRNA) target prediction software, we predicted miRNAs that targeted HuR. Pull-down assay, Western blot and luciferase assay were utilized to demonstrate the direct binding of miR-22 on HuR’s 3’-UTR. The biological effects of HuR and miR-22 were investigated both in vitro by CCK-8, EdU and Transwell assays and in vivo by a xenograft mice model. JASPAR and SABiosciences were used to predict transcriptional factors that could affect miR-22. Luciferase assay was used to explore the validity of putative Jun binding sites for miR-22 regulation. ChIP assay was performed to test the Jun’s occupancy on the C17orf91 promoter. Results We observed a significant upregulation of HuR in CRC tissue pairs and confirmed the oncogenic function of HuR both in vitro and in vivo. We found that an important tumour-suppressive miRNA, miR-22, was significantly downregulated in CRC tissues and inversely correlated with HuR in both CRC tissues and CRC cell lines. We demonstrated that miR-22 directly bound to the 3’-UTR of HuR and led to inhibition of HuR protein, which repressed CRC proliferation and migration in vitro and decelerated CRC xenografted tumour growth in vivo. Furthermore, we found that the onco-transcription factor Jun could inhibit the transcription of miR-22. Conclusions Our findings highlight the critical roles of the Jun/miR-22/HuR regulatory axis in CRC progression and may provide attractive potential targets for CRC prevention and treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-017-0751-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Xiaorui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Rongjie Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Mengchao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Shufang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Yeting Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Hongwei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Chihao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Meng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Wu Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhijian Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China.
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China.
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Kadmon CS, Landers CT, Li HS, Watowich SS, Rodriguez A, King KY. MicroRNA-22 controls interferon alpha production and erythroid maturation in response to infectious stress in mice. Exp Hematol 2017; 56:7-15. [PMID: 28911907 PMCID: PMC5696003 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-22 (miR-22) is a highly conserved microRNA that can regulate cell proliferation, oncogenesis, and cell maturation, especially during stress. In hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), miR-22 has been reported to be involved in the regulation of key self-renewal factors, including Tet2. Recent work demonstrates that miR-22 also participates in regulation of the interferon (IFN) response, and expression profiling studies suggest that it is variably expressed at different stages in erythroid differentiation. We thus hypothesized that miR-22 regulates maturation of erythroid progenitors during stress hematopoiesis through its interaction with IFN. We compared the blood and bone marrow of wild-type (WT) and miR-22-deficient mice at baseline and upon infectious challenge with systemic lymphochoriomeningitis (LCMV) virus. miR-22-deficient mice maintained platelet counts better than WT mice during infection, but they showed significantly reduced red blood cells and hemoglobin. Analysis of bone marrow progenitors demonstrated better overall survival and improved HSC homeostasis in infected miR-22-null mice compared with WT, which was attributable to a blunted IFN response to LCMV challenge in the miR-22-null mice. We found that miR-22 was expressed exclusively in stage II erythroid precursors and downregulated upon infection in WT mice. Our results indicate that miR-22 promotes the IFN response to viral infection and that it functions at baseline as a brake to slow erythroid differentiation and maintain adequate erythroid potential. Impaired regulation of erythrogenesis in the absence of miR-22 can lead to anemia during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine S Kadmon
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Cameron T Landers
- Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Haiyan S Li
- Department of Immunology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Antony Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Katherine Y King
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Centers for Biology of Inflammation, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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Michely J, Kraft S, Müller U. miR-12 and miR-124 contribute to defined early phases of long-lasting and transient memory. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7910. [PMID: 28801686 PMCID: PMC5554235 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08486-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important epigenetic regulators of mRNA translation implicated in long-lasting synaptic plasticity and long-term memory (LTM). Since recent findings demonstrated a role of epigenetic regulation of gene expression in early memory phases we investigated whether epigenetic regulation by miRNAs also contributes to early memory phases. We used the olfactory associative learning paradigm in honeybees and addressed the contribution of miRNAs depending on the conditioning strength. We selected miR-12, miR-124, and miR-125 that have been implicated in processes of neuronal plasticity and analysed their contribution to non-associative and associative learning using miRNA inhibitors. Blocking miR-12, miR-124, or miR125 neither affects gustatory sensitivity nor habituation nor sensitization. Blocking the function of miR-12 and miR-124 during and shortly after 3-trial conditioning impairs different early memory phases. Although different, the function of miR-12 and miR-124 is also required for early phases of transient memory that is induced by 1-trial conditioning. Blocking miR-125 has no effect on early memory independent of the conditioning strength. These findings demonstrate that distinct miRNAs contribute to early phases of both, transient memories as well as long-lasting memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Michely
- Biosciences Zoology/Physiology-Neurobiology, ZHMB (Center of Human and Molecular Biology) Faculty NT - Natural Science and Technology, Saarland University, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Susanne Kraft
- Biosciences Zoology/Physiology-Neurobiology, ZHMB (Center of Human and Molecular Biology) Faculty NT - Natural Science and Technology, Saarland University, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Uli Müller
- Biosciences Zoology/Physiology-Neurobiology, ZHMB (Center of Human and Molecular Biology) Faculty NT - Natural Science and Technology, Saarland University, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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Hu Z, Li Z. miRNAs in synapse development and synaptic plasticity. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2017; 45:24-31. [PMID: 28334640 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Synapses are functional units of the nervous system, through which information is transferred between neurons. The development and activity-dependent modification of synapses require temporally and spatially controlled modulation of gene expression. microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as essential regulators of gene expression. They are small non-coding RNAs that regulate mRNA stability and translation by interacting with the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of mRNAs. miRNAs are located to neuronal processes to regulate protein synthesis locally and their expression is regulated by synaptic activity. This article reviews recent findings on the role of miRNAs in synapse development and synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Hu
- Section on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, United States; Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University Medical Campus, United States
| | - Zheng Li
- Section on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, United States.
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Hu J, Adler K, Farah CA, Hastings MH, Sossin WS, Schacher S. Cell-Specific PKM Isoforms Contribute to the Maintenance of Different Forms of Persistent Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity. J Neurosci 2017; 37:2746-2763. [PMID: 28179558 PMCID: PMC5354326 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2805-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple kinase activations contribute to long-term synaptic plasticity, a cellular mechanism mediating long-term memory. The sensorimotor synapse of Aplysia expresses different forms of long-term facilitation (LTF)-nonassociative and associative LTF-that require the timely activation of kinases, including protein kinase C (PKC). It is not known which PKC isoforms in the sensory neuron or motor neuron L7 are required to sustain each form of LTF. We show that different PKMs, the constitutively active isoforms of PKCs generated by calpain cleavage, in the sensory neuron and L7 are required to maintain each form of LTF. Different PKMs or calpain isoforms were blocked by overexpressing specific dominant-negative constructs in either presynaptic or postsynaptic neurons. Blocking either PKM Apl I in L7, or PKM Apl II or PKM Apl III in the sensory neuron 2 d after 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) treatment reversed persistent nonassociative LTF. In contrast, blocking either PKM Apl II or PKM Apl III in L7, or PKM Apl II in the sensory neuron 2 d after paired stimuli reversed persistent associative LTF. Blocking either classical calpain or atypical small optic lobe (SOL) calpain 2 d after 5-HT treatment or paired stimuli did not disrupt the maintenance of persistent LTF. Soon after 5-HT treatment or paired stimuli, however, blocking classical calpain inhibited the expression of persistent associative LTF, while blocking SOL calpain inhibited the expression of persistent nonassociative LTF. Our data suggest that different stimuli activate different calpains that generate specific sets of PKMs in each neuron whose constitutive activities sustain long-term synaptic plasticity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Persistent synaptic plasticity contributes to the maintenance of long-term memory. Although various kinases such as protein kinase C (PKC) contribute to the expression of long-term plasticity, little is known about how constitutive activation of specific kinase isoforms sustains long-term plasticity. This study provides evidence that the cell-specific activities of different PKM isoforms generated from PKCs by calpain-mediated cleavage maintain two forms of persistent synaptic plasticity, which are the cellular analogs of two forms of long-term memory. Moreover, we found that the activation of specific calpains depends on the features of the stimuli evoking the different forms of synaptic plasticity. Given the recent controversy over the role of PKMζ maintaining memory, these findings are significant in identifying roles of multiple PKMs in the retention of memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyuan Hu
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032,
| | - Kerry Adler
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
| | - Carole Abi Farah
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada, and
| | - Margaret H Hastings
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Wayne S Sossin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada, and
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Samuel Schacher
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
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Hsieh C, Tsokas P, Serrano P, Hernández AI, Tian D, Cottrell JE, Shouval HZ, Fenton AA, Sacktor TC. Persistent increased PKMζ in long-term and remote spatial memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 138:135-144. [PMID: 27417578 PMCID: PMC5501180 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PKMζ is an autonomously active PKC isoform that is thought to maintain both LTP and long-term memory. Whereas persistent increases in PKMζ protein sustain the kinase's action in LTP, the molecular mechanism for the persistent action of PKMζ during long-term memory has not been characterized. PKMζ inhibitors disrupt spatial memory when introduced into the dorsal hippocampus from 1day to 1month after training. Therefore, if the mechanisms of PKMζ's persistent action in LTP maintenance and long-term memory were similar, persistent increases in PKMζ would last for the duration of the memory, far longer than most other learning-induced gene products. Here we find that spatial conditioning by aversive active place avoidance or appetitive radial arm maze induces PKMζ increases in dorsal hippocampus that persist from 1day to 1month, coinciding with the strength and duration of memory retention. Suppressing the increase by intrahippocampal injections of PKMζ-antisense oligodeoxynucleotides prevents the formation of long-term memory. Thus, similar to LTP maintenance, the persistent increase in the amount of autonomously active PKMζ sustains the kinase's action during long-term and remote spatial memory maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchi Hsieh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Panayiotis Tsokas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Peter Serrano
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - A Iván Hernández
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Dezhi Tian
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - James E Cottrell
- Department of Anesthesiology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Harel Z Shouval
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - André Antonio Fenton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Todd Charlton Sacktor
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
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Abstract
Prions are proteins that can adopt self-perpetuating conformations and are traditionally regarded as etiological agents of infectious neurodegenerative diseases in humans, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, kuru, and transmissible encephalopathies. More recently, a growing consensus has emerged that prion-like, self-templating mechanisms also underlie a variety of neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease. Perhaps most surprising, not all prion-like aggregates are associated with pathological changes. There are now several examples of prion-like proteins in mammals that serve positive biological functions in their aggregated state. In this review, we discuss functional prions in the nervous system, with particular emphasis on the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein (CPEB) and the role of its prion-like aggregates in synaptic plasticity and memory. We also mention a more recent example of a functional prion-like protein in the brain, TIA-1, and its role during stress. These studies of functional prion-like proteins have provided a number of generalizable insights on how prion-based protein switches may operate to serve physiological functions in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B Rayman
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Eric R Kandel
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815-6789.,Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, New York, New York 10027.,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, New York, New York 10032
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47
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Quinlan S, Kenny A, Medina M, Engel T, Jimenez-Mateos EM. MicroRNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases. MIRNAS IN AGING AND CANCER 2017; 334:309-343. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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48
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MicroRNAs in epilepsy: pathophysiology and clinical utility. Lancet Neurol 2016; 15:1368-1376. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(16)30246-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yamanaka M, Tian Z, Darvish-Ghane S, Zhuo M. Pre-LTP requires extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the ACC. Mol Pain 2016; 12:12/0/1744806916647373. [PMID: 27178245 PMCID: PMC4956388 DOI: 10.1177/1744806916647373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase is an important protein kinase for cortical plasticity. Long-term potentiation in the anterior cingulate cortex is believed to play important roles in chronic pain, fear, and anxiety. Previous studies of extracellular signal-regulated kinase are mainly focused on postsynaptic form of long-term potentiation (post-long-term potentiation). Little is known about the relationship between extracellular signal-regulated kinase and presynaptic long-term potentiation (pre-long-term potentiation) in cortical synapses. In this study, we examined whether pre-long-term potentiation in the anterior cingulate cortex requires the activation of presynaptic extracellular signal-regulated kinase. We found that p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors, PD98059 and U0126, suppressed the induction of pre-long-term potentiation. By contrast, these inhibitors did not affect the maintenance of pre-long-term potentiation. Using pharmacological inhibitors, we found that pre-long-term potentiation recorded for 1 h did not require transcriptional or translational processes. Our results strongly indicate that the activation of presynaptic extracellular signal-regulated kinase is required for the induction of pre-long-term potentiation, and this involvement may explain the contribution of extracellular signal-regulated kinase to mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Yamanaka
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shanxi, China Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhen Tian
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shanxi, China Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Soroush Darvish-Ghane
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Min Zhuo
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shanxi, China Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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50
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Persistent Associative Plasticity at an Identified Synapse Underlying Classical Conditioning Becomes Labile with Short-Term Homosynaptic Activation. J Neurosci 2016; 35:16159-70. [PMID: 26658867 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2034-15.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Synapses express different forms of plasticity that contribute to different forms of memory, and both memory and plasticity can become labile after reactivation. We previously reported that a persistent form of nonassociative long-term facilitation (PNA-LTF) of the sensorimotor synapses in Aplysia californica, a cellular analog of long-term sensitization, became labile with short-term heterosynaptic reactivation and reversed when the reactivation was followed by incubation with the protein synthesis inhibitor rapamycin. Here we examined the reciprocal impact of different forms of short-term plasticity (reactivations) on a persistent form of associative long-term facilitation (PA-LTF), a cellular analog of classical conditioning, which was expressed at Aplysia sensorimotor synapses when a tetanic stimulation of the sensory neurons was paired with a brief application of serotonin on 2 consecutive days. The expression of short-term homosynaptic plasticity [post-tetanic potentiation or homosynaptic depression (HSD)], or short-term heterosynaptic plasticity [serotonin-induced facilitation or neuropeptide Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2 (FMRFa)-induced depression], at synapses expressing PA-LTF did not affect the maintenance of PA-LTF. The kinetics of HSD was attenuated at synapses expressing PA-LTF, which required activation of protein kinase C (PKC). Both PA-LTF and the attenuated kinetics of HSD were reversed by either a transient blockade of PKC activity or a homosynaptic, but not heterosynaptic, reactivation when paired with rapamycin. These results indicate that two different forms of persistent synaptic plasticity, PA-LTF and PNA-LTF, expressed at the same synapse become labile when reactivated by different stimuli. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Activity-dependent changes in neural circuits mediate long-term memories. Some forms of long-term memories become labile and can be reversed with specific types of reactivations, but the mechanism is complex. At the cellular level, reactivations that induce a reversal of memory must evoke changes in neural circuits underlying the memory. What types of reactivations induce a labile state at neural connections that lead to reversal of different types of memory? We find that a critical neural connection in Aplysia, which is modified with different stimuli that mediate different types of memory, becomes labile with different types of reactivations. These results provide insights for developing strategies in alleviating maladaptive memories accompanying anxiety disorders.
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