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Liu T, Zhang L. Multigenerational effects of arsenate on development and reproduction in marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 342:140158. [PMID: 37709060 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a persistent toxic substance, however, its toxicity to marine zooplankton remains unclear. In this study, copepods were exposed to a series of dissolved arsenate (As(V)) for four generations (F0-F3) and subsequently depurated in clean seawater for two generations (F4-F5) to assess multigenerational toxicity of As(V). As(V) exposure prolonged copepod development. The development time were 1.9, 2.4, and 3.4 days longer than the control in F0 when exposed to 50, 100, and 500 μg/L As(V), respectively, and the toxicity increased with generations. Moreover, As(V) reduced the reproductive capacity of copepods, and this effect become more severe during generation succession. The 10-day fecundities were reduced from 80 to 85 eggs per female in the control to 42 eggs per female, the lowest level, in 500 μg/L As(V) exposure group in F3. Nevertheless, the fecundity was recovered to the control level in the offspring of the 50 and 100 μg/L As(V) exposed groups (F4), suggesting it was an acclimation effect of copepods during As(V) exposure. In addition, the survival rate, development time, and reproductive parameters were significantly correlated with the As accumulation in copepods. Overall, As(V) exposure caused As bioaccumulation which negatively affected copepods' survival, development, and reproductive traits, and this toxic effect was amplified with generations and concentrations. Therefore, the multigenerational toxicity of As should be considered in the environmental risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya, 572025, China.
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2
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Zhang Y, Xie D, Lin Q, Zhou X. Seawater warming intensifies nickel toxicity to a marine copepod: a multigenerational perspective. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 264:106730. [PMID: 37862730 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Due to human activities, marine organisms are frequently co-stressed with nickel (Ni) pollution and seawater warming; nevertheless, very scarce information is known about their interaction in marine biota under a multigenerational scenario. Here, after verifying the interaction of Ni and warming via a 48-h acute test, we conducted a multigenerational experiment (F0-F2), in which the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus was exposed to Ni at environmentally realistic concentrations (0, 2, and 20 µg/L) under ambient (22℃) and predicted seawater warming (26℃) conditions. Ni accumulation and the important life history traits were analyzed for each generation. Results showed that Ni exposure caused Ni bioaccumulation and thus compromised the survivorship and egg production of T. japonicus. In particular, seawater warming significantly increased Ni accumulation, thus intensifying the negative effects of Ni on its survivorship and development. Overall, this study suggests that Ni multigenerational exposure even at environmentally realistic concentrations could produce a significant impact on marine copepod's health, and this impact would be intensified under the projected seawater warming, providing a mechanistic understanding of the interaction between warming and Ni pollution in marine organisms from a multigenerational perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems /College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dongmei Xie
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems /College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qingxian Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems /College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Xiaoping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems /College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Park Y, Park JG, Kang HM, Jung JH, Kim M, Lee KW. Toxic effects of the wastewater produced by underwater hull cleaning equipment on the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 191:114991. [PMID: 37146552 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Unmanaged disposal of wastewater produced by underwater hull cleaning equipment (WHCE) is suspected to induce toxic effects to marine organisms because wastewater contains several anti-fouling compounds. To investigate the effects of WHCE on marine copepod, we examined the toxicity on life parameters (e.g. mortality, development, and fecundity) and gene expression changes of Tigriopus japonicus as model organism. Significant mortality and developmental time changes were observed in response to wastewater. No significant differences in fecundity were observed. Transcriptional profiling with differentially expressed genes from WHCE exposed T. japonicus showed WHCE may induce genotoxicity associated genes and pathways. In addition, potentially neurotoxic effects were evident following exposure to WHCE. The findings suggest that wastewater released during hull cleaning should be managed to reduce physiological and molecular deleterious effects in marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeun Park
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gon Park
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Jung
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonkoo Kim
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Woo Lee
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Li AJ, Lai RWS, Zhou GJ, Leung PTY, Zeng EY, Leung KMY. Joint effects of temperature and copper exposure on developmental and gene-expression responses of the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:336-343. [PMID: 36964297 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02643-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There is growing contamination of copper (Cu) in the marine environment, particularly after the ban of organotin compounds and the increase of the use of Cu-based antifouling paints. Although there are increasing research interests in temperature-dependent chemical toxicity to aquatic organisms, most existing studies focused on acute impacts of chemicals at high concentrations. This study aimed to investigate the interacting effect of temperature and copper exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations on survival and development in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus with a partial life-cycle toxicity test. Expressions of five stress response genes in the copepod, namely two glutathione S-transferases (GST-S and GST-O), two heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90), and glutathione reductase (GR) were also investigated. The copepod's survival was significantly impaired at 15 °C after development to adult stage, while its developmental time reduced significantly with increasing temperature. Copper at the two environmentally relevant test concentrations had no significant impacts on these apical endpoints whereas the interaction between Cu and temperature was more significant in modulating gene expressions. GST-S, GST-O and HSP90 genes in copepods exposed to 100 µg Cu L-1 were significantly upregulated at 20 °C. At 32 °C, most genes were either insignificantly expressed or down-regulated, compared to the control, likely suggesting that thermal stress inhibited the copepod's antioxidative defense system. Overall, the results revealed that the joint Cu and thermal stresses have significantly elicited antioxidative system in the copepods. It clearly demonstrated the need for more fundamental studies about potential impacts of different environmental factors such as temperature on chemical toxicity under realistic scenario of marine pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Jing Li
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Racliffe Weng Seng Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China.
| | - Guang-Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Priscilla To Yan Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Kenneth Mei Yee Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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Xie D, Wei H, Lee JS, Wang M. Mercury can be transported into marine copepod by polystyrene nanoplastics but is not bioaccumulated: An increased risk? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 303:119170. [PMID: 35314204 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a serious problem in the global marine environment because it can produce negative effects at the biological and ecological levels. Due to large surface-area-to-volume ratio and inherent hydrophobicity, nanoplastics can serve as carriers of contaminants, and may affect their fate and toxicity in marine environments. However, the combined effects of nanoplastics and mercury (Hg) in marine organisms have not been well characterized. In this study, after verifying the ingestion of polystyrene nano-size plastics (PS NPs, 50 nm) by the copepod Tigriopus japonicus and adsorption of Hg to PS NPs, we investigated the effects of PS NPs and Hg exposure (alone or in combination) for 48 h on the copepods. Specifically, a 72-h depuration was performed after 48 h exposure. The results showed that after 48 h exposure, the copepod's Hg concentration was significantly increased in the combined exposure group compared to that in the Hg treatment group, but these differences did not persist following 24 h of depuration. Therefore, PS NPs transported Hg into the copepods but did not promote Hg bioaccumulation. Treatment with PS NPs alone did not induce toxicity in T. japonicus, but co-exposure to PS NPs and Hg resulted in elevated transcription of genes related to energy production, antioxidant response, and detoxification/stress defense when compared with Hg treatment alone, demonstrating the synergistic interaction between PS NPs and Hg. Our findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding about the combined toxicity of nanoplastics and metals and the potential ecological risks of associated with these effects in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Xie
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Minghua Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Han J, Park Y, Jeong H, Park JC. Effects of particulate matter (PM 2.5) on life history traits, oxidative stress, and defensome system in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 178:113588. [PMID: 35358891 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM2.5) generated in large cities creates new problems in marine ecosystems and may adversely affect its inhabitants. However, the mechanisms underlying the same remain unclear; hence, we investigated the effects of PM2.5 on life history traits (e.g., mortality, development, and fecundity), cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, antioxidant enzyme (e.g., glutathione peroxidase [GPx], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and catalase [CAT]) activities, and the transcript levels of detoxification-related genes (cytochrome P450s [CYPs]) and antioxidant (glutathione S-transferases [GSTs]) in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Among the life history traits, developmental time was the only trait to significantly deviate (P < 0.05) in response to PM2.5 (compared to that in the controls). Significant changes in ROS levels and antioxidant enzymatic activities (P < 0.05) in response to PM2.5, suggested that PM2.5 can induce oxidative stress, leading to adverse effects on the T. japonicus life history. In addition, PM2.5 induced a differential regulation of various CYP and GST genes, particularly CYP307E1, GST-kappa, and GST-sigma were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05), suggesting that these genes likely play crucial roles in detoxification mechanisms and could be useful as reliable biomarkers for PM2.5 toxicity. Overall, the results of this study provide new insights into the potential toxicity of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Marine Bio-Resources Research Unit, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeun Park
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeryeong Jeong
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Département des Sciences, Université Sainte-Anne, Church Point, NS B0W 1M0, Canada
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7
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Stone S, McKnight K, Legendre L, Koppel DJ, Binet MT, Simpson SL, Jolley DF. The effects of pulse exposures of metal toxicants on different life stages of the tropical copepod Acartia sinjiensis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117212. [PMID: 33933874 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Effluent discharges can potentially result in high concentrations of metals entering aquatic environments for short durations, ranging from a few hours to days. The environmental risks of such exposures are challenging to accurately assess. Risk assessment tools for effluent discharges include comparison of toxicant concentrations with guideline values and the use of direct toxicity assessments, both of which were designed to assess continuous, rather than pulse, contaminant exposures. In this study, a chronic pulse-exposure toxicity test was developed using the tropical euryhaline calanoid copepod Acartia sinjiensis. This copepod has a rapid life cycle and is highly sensitive to metal contaminants, with 50% effect concentrations (chronic EC50) for larval development of 1.7, 8.6 and 0.7 μg L-1 for copper, nickel and zinc, respectively. The toxicities of copper and nickel were assessed as a continuous exposure (78 h) and as pulses (3, 6 and 18 h) initiated at varying life stages, from egg to copepodite, and measured larval development over 78 h. Generally, 24-h old nauplii were more sensitive or of similar sensitivity to copper and nickel pulses than 48-h old nauplii. The 78-h test duration enabled observations of chronic effects following pulse exposures, which frequently occurred in the absence of acute effects. The EC50 values for pulse exposures were higher than those of continuous exposure by up to approximately 16-fold and 15-fold for copper and nickel, respectively. When metal-pulse exposure concentrations were expressed using the time-weighted averaged concentration (TAC), resultant concentration response curves were similar to those in continuous exposures to the same metal, suggesting that thresholds based on continuous exposures were also protective for pulse exposures to these metals. This research improves our understanding of the toxicity of pulse contaminant exposures and assists with developing improved approaches to for the risk assessment and regulation of short-term contaminant discharges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Stone
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia; School of Earth, Atmosphere and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia; University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kitty McKnight
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Monique T Binet
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Stuart L Simpson
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Dianne F Jolley
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
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Shore EA, deMayo JA, Pespeni MH. Microplastics reduce net population growth and fecal pellet sinking rates for the marine copepod, Acartia tonsa. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117379. [PMID: 34091258 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (<5 mm) are ubiquitous in the global environment and are increasingly recognized as a biological hazard, particularly in the oceans. Zooplankton, at the base of the marine food web, have been known to consume microplastics. However, we know little about the impacts of microplastics across life history stages and on carbon settling. Here, we investigated the effects of ingestion of neutrally buoyant polystyrene beads (6.68 μm) by the copepod Acartia tonsa on (1) growth and survival across life history stages, (2) fecundity and egg quality, (3) and fecal characteristics. We found that microplastic exposure reduced body length and survival for nauplii and resulted in smaller eggs when copepods were exposed during oogenesis. Combining these life history impacts, our models estimate a 15% decrease in population growth leading to a projected 30-fold decrease in abundance over 1 year or 20 generations with microplastic exposure. In addition, microplastic-contaminated fecal pellets were 2.29-fold smaller and sinking rates were calculated to be 1.76-fold slower, resulting in an estimated 4.03-fold reduction in fecal volume settling to the benthos per day. Taken together, declines in population sizes and fecal sinking rates suggest that microplastic consumption by zooplankton could have cascading ecosystem impacts via reduced trophic energy transfer and slower carbon settling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Shore
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05456, USA.
| | - James A deMayo
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Melissa H Pespeni
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05456, USA
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Karthikeyan P, Marigoudar SR, Mohan D, Sharma KV, Ramana Murthy MV. Prescribing sea water quality criteria for arsenic, cadmium and lead through species sensitivity distribution. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111612. [PMID: 33396132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water quality standards are essential for regulation of contaminants in marine environment. Seawater quality criteria (SWQC) for arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) have not been developed for India. The aim of this study is to derive the SWQC for the metals based on Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD). Eight species of sensitive marine organisms belonging to five phyla were assessed for their sensitivity to toxicity of As, Cd and Pb. Median effective concentrations (EC50) and Median Lethal Concentrations (LC50) were derived from the acute toxicity bio-assays. No Observed Effect Concentrations (NOEC), Lowest Observed Effect Concentrations (LOEC) and chronic values were derived from chronic toxicity bio-assays. Diatoms were more sensitive to As with 96 h EC50 of 0.1 mg/l and copepods were more sensitive to Cd and Pb with 96 h EC50 of 0.019 mg/l and 0.05 mg/l respectively. Estimated NOECs ranged from 4.87 to 21.55 µg/l of As, 1.0 to 120 µg/l of Cd and 5.67 to 91.67 µg/l of Pb. Similarly, chronic values (µg/l) were in the range of 6.71-26.1, 1.38-170, and 7.67-91.67 of As, Cd and Pb respectively. The Criterion Maximum Concentration (CMC), Criterion Continuous Concentration (CCC) and Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) values were prescribed as SWQC. The CMC (µg/l) of 19, 1.7 and 17 for As, Cd, and Pb were derived respectively for acute exposure during accidental marine outfalls. The CCC (µg/l) for As was 4.6, 1.1 for Cd and 5.9 for Pb are recommended as SWQC for protection of 95% of marine organisms. PNEC (µg/l) of 3.8 for As, 0.92 for Cd and 4.3 for Pb are suggested for highly disturbed ecosystems, shell fishing and mariculture uses of water bodies. These values are recommended as a baseline for site specific water quality criteria for the coastal waters of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panneerselvam Karthikeyan
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India
| | - Shambanagouda R Marigoudar
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India.
| | - Dhandapani Mohan
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India
| | - Krishna Venkatarama Sharma
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India
| | - M V Ramana Murthy
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India
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10
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Sahlmann A, Lode T, Heuschele J, Borgå K, Titelman J, Hylland K. Genotoxic Response and Mortality in 3 Marine Copepods Exposed to Waterborne Copper. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:2224-2232. [PMID: 31343775 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace metal, but may also be toxic to aquatic organisms. Although many studies have investigated the cytotoxicity of Cu, little is known about the in vivo genotoxic potential of Cu in marine invertebrates. We investigated the genotoxicity of Cu in 2 pelagic calanoid copepods, Acartia tonsa and Temora longicornis, and the intertidal harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus brevicornis by exposing them for 6 and 72 h to waterborne Cu (0, 6, and 60 µg Cu/L). A subsequent 24-h period in filtered seawater was used to investigate delayed effects or recovery. Genotoxicity was evaluated as DNA strand breaks in individual copepods using the comet assay. Copper did not increase DNA strand breaks in any of the species at any concentration or time point. The treatment did, however, cause 100% mortality in A. tonsa following exposure to 60 µg Cu/L. Acartia tonsa and T. longicornis were more susceptible to Cu-induced mortality than the benthic harpacticoid T. brevicornis, which appeared to be unaffected by the treatments. The results show major differences in Cu susceptibility among the 3 copepods and also that acute toxicity of Cu to A. tonsa is not directly associated with genotoxicity. We also show that the comet assay can be used to quantify genotoxicity in individual copepods. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2224-2232. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Torben Lode
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Heuschele
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katrine Borgå
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ketil Hylland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Binet MT, Gissi F, Stone S, Trinh C, McKnight KS. Use of scanning and image recognition technology to semi-automate larval development assessment in toxicity tests with a tropical copepod. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 180:1-11. [PMID: 31055079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is a high demand for the development of reliable chronic toxicity tests using tropical marine species for subsequent use in tropical risk assessment. However, many chronic test endpoints can be laborious and time-consuming to assess, particularly if the endpoints require measurements of individuals (e.g. growth, size) or advanced taxonomic expertise (e.g. differentiating between larval development stages). In this study, we used scanning and image recognition (SIR) technology to develop and validate a chronic toxicity test with larvae of the tropical euryhaline copepod, Acartia sinjiensis. Optimisation steps are described, and included egg age, and effect of algal food type and salinity on toxicity. Comparisons were made between traditional endpoints measured using microscopy and those measured using SIR. Traditional endpoints of larval development ratio (LDR) and survival achieved using microscope examination and SIR were almost identical (R2 = 0.96-0.97). Additional endpoints made possible by SIR included larval development index (LDI; based on the number of animals at different stages of development), and a range of size measurements (e.g. surface area, perimeter and length) for individual animals and for total populations (i.e. a proxy for biomass). The SIR-derived endpoints were based on measurements that had concentration-dependant responses to tested toxicants (copper, nickel, ammonia), and were a sub-set of the full range of metrics provided by the software. Toxicity values based on SIR-measurements were similar to or more sensitive than the traditional LDR endpoint. SIR technology provides a major opportunity to improve and modernise larval development tests for a range for species, but comes at a cost of increased data size and complexity. Therefore, as a research tool, SIR has significant advantages over traditional microscope methods, but for routine toxicity testing, SIR incorporation into invertebrate toxicity testing will benefit from further improvements to the associated software and data management systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique T Binet
- CSIRO Land and Water, New Illawarra Rd Lucas Heights, Australia.
| | - Francesca Gissi
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, New Illawarra Rd Lucas Heights, Australia
| | - Sarah Stone
- CSIRO Land and Water, New Illawarra Rd Lucas Heights, Australia
| | - Chloé Trinh
- AgroParisTech, 16 Rue Claude Bernard, 75231 Paris, France
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Yoon DS, Park JC, Park HG, Lee JS, Han J. Effects of atrazine on life parameters, oxidative stress, and ecdysteroid biosynthetic pathway in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 213:105213. [PMID: 31200332 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is a widely used pesticide which acts as an endocrine disruptor in various organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate adverse effects of atrazine on life parameters, oxidative stress, and ecdysteroid biosynthetic pathway in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. In T. japonicus, no mortality was shown in response to atrazine up to 20 mg/L in acute toxicity assessment. In nauplii, retardation in the growth and prolonged molting and metamorphosis resulted under chronic exposure of atrazine at 20 mg/L. In addition, body sizes of T. japonicus nauplii were significantly decreased (P < 0.01 in length and P < 0.001 in width) in response to 20 mg/L of atrazine. Furthermore, atrazine induced oxidative stress by the generation of reactive oxygen species at all concentrations compared to the control in the nauplii. Also, significant increase in glutathione-S transferase activity was observed in adult T. japonicus at low concentration of atrazine. To understand effects of atrazine on ecdysteroid biosynthetic pathway-involved genes (e.g., neverland, CYP307E1, CYP306A1, CYP302A1, CYP3022A1 [CYP315A1], CYP314A1, and CYP18D1) were examined with mRNA expressions of ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (USP) in response to 20 mg/L atrazine in nauplii and adults. In the nauplii, these genes were significantly downregulated (P < 0.05) in response to atrazine, compared to the control but not in the adult T. japonicus. These results suggest that atrazine can interfere in vivo life parameters by oxidative stress-induced retrogression and ecdysteroid biosynthetic pathway in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok-Seo Yoon
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Heum Gi Park
- Department of Marine Resource Development, College of Life Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Yi X, Zhang K, Han G, Yu M, Chi T, Jing S, Li Z, Zhan J, Wu M. Toxic effect of triphenyltin in the presence of nano zinc oxide to marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:687-692. [PMID: 30232019 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine organisms are naturally exposed to different environmental pollutants including organic pollutants and nanoparticles. The interactive effects between nanoparticles and other chemicals on aquatic organisms have raised concerns regarding the potential of nanomaterials as the vector for other chemicals. In the present study, the effect of nano zinc oxide (nZnO) on the bioavailability of triphenyltin chloride (TPTCl) was studied, and their combined acute and reproductive toxicity to the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus were evaluated. At experimental concentration ranges of nZnO in this study, the percentage of dissolution of Zn2+ was relative stable (from 62% to 66%), and nZnO did not affect the bioavailability of TPTCl to the copepods. The acute toxicity of binary mixtures of nZnO/TPT was equivalent to that of the mixture of Zn2+/TPT. In agreement with the decrease in TPTCl's LC50 values at the presence of nZnO, their interacting effect was synergistic based on response addition response surface model, and the interacting parameter was modelled to be -1.43. In addition to acute toxicity test, reproductive toxicity tests revealed that exposure to nZnO and TPTCl didn't affect the successful mating rate and the number of nauplii in the 1st brood, but they extended the time for the eggs to hatch from 2.53 days to 3.94 and 3.64 days, respectively. The exposure to nZnO/TPTCl mixture delayed the time to hatch to 5.78 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Gaorui Han
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Mingyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Tongtong Chi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Siyuan Jing
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Zhaochuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Jingjing Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Minghuo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
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14
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Chen L, Li X, Hong H, Shi D. Multigenerational effects of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) on the survival, development and reproduction of the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 194:94-102. [PMID: 29172130 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the most widely used organic UV filters, 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), is present at high concentrations in offshore waters. The marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus was exposed to different concentrations of 4-MBC (i.e., 0, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10μgL-1) for 4 consecutive generations (F0-F3) to evaluate the impact of 4-MBC on marine ecosystems. The results showed that in the F0 generation, 4-MBC caused significant lethal toxicity in T. japonicas at concentrations of 5 and 10μgL-1 and the nauplii were more sensitive to 4-MBC toxicity than the adults. However in the F1-F3 generations, 4-MBC exposure did not affect the survival rate. The hatching rate and the developmental duration from the nauplii to the copepodite (N-C) and from the nauplii to adult (N-A) decreased significantly in the F1-F2 generations and in the F2-F3 generations, respectively, even at the lowest exposure concentration (0.5μgL-1). In the subsequent two generations (i.e., the F4-F5 generations) of recovery exposure in clean seawater, the growth rates of the original 4-MBC exposure groups were still faster than the control in both the N-C and N-A stages, suggesting possible transgenerational genetic and/or epigenetic changes upon chronic 4-MBC exposure. The expression of the ecdysone receptor gene was up-regulated by 4-MBC, which was consistent with the decrease of the N-C/N-A duration. In addition, 4-MBC may induce oxidative stress and trigger apoptosis in T. japonicas, resulting in developmental, reproductive and even lethal toxicity. A preliminary risk assessment suggested that under environmentally realistic concentrations, 4-MBC had significant potential to pose a threat to marine crustaceans and marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haizheng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Dalin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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15
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Biandolino F, Parlapiano I, Faraponova O, Prato E. Effects of short- and long-term exposures to copper on lethal and reproductive endpoints of the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus fulvus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 147:327-333. [PMID: 28858705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The long-term exposure provides a realistic measurement of the effects of toxicants on aquatic organisms. The harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus fulvus has a wide geographical distribution and is considered as an ideal model organism for ecotoxicological studies for its good sensitivity to different toxicants. In this study, acute, sub-chronic and chronic toxicity tests based on lethal and reproductive responses of Tigriopus fulvus to copper were performed. The number of moults during larval development was chosen as an endpoint for sub-chronic test. Sex ratio, inhibitory effect on larval development, hatching time, fecundity, brood number, nauplii/brood, total newborn production, etc, were calculated in the chronic test (28d). Lethal effect of copper to nauplii showed the LC50-48h of 310 ± 72µgCu/L (mean ± sd). It was observed a significant inhibition of larval development at sublethal copper concentrations, after 4 and 7 d. After 4d, the EC50 value obtained for the endpoint in "moult naupliar reduction" was of 55.8 ± 2.5µgCu/L (mean ± sd). The EC50 for the inhibition of naupliar development into copepodite stage, was of 21.7 ± 4.4µgCu/L (mean ± sd), after 7 days. Among the different traits tested, copper did not affect sex ratio and growth, while fecundity and total nauplii production were the most sensitive endpoints. The reproductive endpoints offer the advantage of being detectable at very low pollutant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olga Faraponova
- ISPRA - Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Ermelinda Prato
- CNR-IAMC, Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, Taranto, Italy
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16
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Li F, Shi J, Cheung SG, Shin PKS, Liu X, Sun Y, Mu F. The combined effects of elevated pCO 2 and food availability on Tigriopus japonicus Mori larval development, reproduction, and superoxide dismutase activity. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 126:623-628. [PMID: 28365018 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that ocean acidification has little effect on adult Tigriopus japonicus copepods, and mainly impairs the early development and reproduction of females. This study investigated the possible interactive effect between CO2-induced seawater acidification and food availability on larval development and reproductive output in T. japonicus. Copepods were exposed to either pH8.1 or pH7.3 under different food concentrations (0.5×104-80.0×104cells/mL). Both the development of nauplii and copepodites was delayed at pH7.3 with a greater effect at lower food concentrations. The reproductive output followed a bell-shaped curve with the highest reproductive output at food concentrations between 30×104 and 40×104cells/mL. As an indicator of oxidative stress, the activity of superoxide dismutase increased at lower pH, with a greater increase at lower food concentrations. Therefore, the effect of elevated pCO2 on T. japonicus was food dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiahui Shi
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - S G Cheung
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - P K S Shin
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoshou Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanghong Mu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
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17
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Hong H, Lv D, Liu W, Huang L, Chen L, Shen R, Shi D. Toxicity and bioaccumulation of three hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicas. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 188:1-9. [PMID: 28437657 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The three major hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) diastereoisomers, i.e. α-, β- and γ-HBCD, have distinct physical and chemical properties that may potentially result in different levels of bioaccumulation and toxicity in aquatic organisms. To assess the impact of diastereomeric variation in HBCDs, the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus was exposed to α-, β- and γ-HBCD in isolation. Results showed that all the three diastereoisomers had a similar potency to cause growth delay in T. japonicas. Variation was observed in the overall survival rate with exposure to α- and β-HBCD, and this resulted in significantly higher lethal toxicity in T. japonicas than that with exposure to γ-HBCD. Exposure to α-, β- and γ-HBCD led to the generation of ROS in T. japonicas, a possibly toxic mechanism. Both α- and β-HBCD showed a higher potential to induce oxidative stress, which may be a factor in the higher lethal toxicity observed with α- and β-HBCD exposure. It is of note that T. japonicus was found to be more sensitive to all three diastereoisomers in the F1 generation than in the F0 generation. The bioconcentration potential of HBCD diastereoisomers can be ranked in the order α-HBCD>γ-HBCD>β-HBCD and was found to be higher in T. japonicus than has been reported for fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizheng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Dongmei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wanxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Leyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dalin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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18
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Feng X, Xu J, Liang Y, Chen GL, Fan XW, Li YZ. A proteomic-based investigation of potential copper-responsive biomarkers: Proteins, conceptual networks, and metabolic pathways featuring Penicillium janthinellum from a heavy metal-polluted ecological niche. Microbiologyopen 2017; 6. [PMID: 28488414 PMCID: PMC5552966 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi‐copper (Cu) interactions are very important in the formation of natural ecosystems and the bioremediation of heavy metal pollution. However, important issues at the proteome level remain unclear. We compared six proteomes from Cu‐resistant wild‐type (WT) Penicillium janthinellum strain GXCR and a Cu‐sensitive mutant (EC‐6) under 0, 0.5, and 3 mmol/L Cu treatments using iTRAQ. A total of 495 known proteins were identified, and the following conclusions were drawn from the results: Cu tolerance depends on ATP generation and supply, which is relevant to glycolysis pathway activity; oxidative phosphorylation, the TCA cycle, gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and metabolism are also affected by Cu; high Cu sensitivity is primarily due to an ATP energy deficit; among ATP generation pathways, Cu‐sensitive and Cu‐insensitive metabolic steps exist; gluconeogenesis pathway is crucial to the survival of fungi in Cu‐containing and sugar‐scarce environments; fungi change their proteomes via two routes (from ATP, ATP‐dependent RNA helicases (ADRHs), and ribosome biogenesis to proteasomes and from ATP, ADRHs to spliceosomes and/or stress‐adapted RNA degradosomes) to cope with changes in Cu concentrations; and unique routes exist through which fungi respond to high environmental Cu. Further, a general diagram of Cu‐responsive paths and a model theory of high Cu are proposed at the proteome level. Our work not only provides the potential protein biomarkers that indicate Cu pollution and targets metabolic steps for engineering Cu‐tolerant fungi during bioremediation but also presents clues for further insight into the heavy metal tolerance mechanisms of other eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guo-Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xian-Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - You-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Li Y, Wang WX, Wang M. Alleviation of mercury toxicity to a marine copepod under multigenerational exposure by ocean acidification. Sci Rep 2017; 7:324. [PMID: 28336926 PMCID: PMC5428531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00423-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) may potentially modify the responses of aquatic organisms to other environmental stressors including metals. In this study, we investigated the effects of near-future OA (pCO2 1000 μatm) and mercury (Hg) on the development and reproduction of marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus under multigenerational life-cycle exposure. Metal accumulation as well as seven life history traits (survival rate, sex ratio, developmental time from nauplius to copepodite, developmental time from nauplius to adult, number of clutches, number of nauplii/clutch and fecundity) was quantified for each generation. Hg exposure alone evidently suppressed the number of nauplii/clutch, whereas single OA exposure negligibly affected the seven traits of copepods. However, OA exposure significantly alleviated the Hg inhibitory effects on number of nauplii/clutch and fecundity, which could be explained by the reduced Hg accumulation under OA. Such combined exposure also significantly shortened the development time. Thus, in contrast to earlier findings for other toxic metals, this study demonstrated that OA potentially mitigated the Hg toxicity to some important life traits in marine copepods during multigenerational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Minghua Wang
- Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Shi D, Lv D, Liu W, Shen R, Li D, Hong H. Accumulation and developmental toxicity of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) on the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 167:155-162. [PMID: 27718427 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The brominated flame retardants hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, widely distributed in aquatic systems including the marine environment and marine organisms. HBCDs are toxic to the development of both freshwater and marine fish. However, the impacts of HBCDs on marine invertebrates are not well known. In this study, the marine copepod, Tigriopus japonicus, was used to assess the bioaccumulation and developmental toxicity of technical HBCD (tHBCD) through water-borne exposure. The uptake rate constant of tHBCD by T. japonicus was high, which resulted in high bioaccumulation potential. The bioconcentration factors of tHBCD were 8.73 × 104 and 6.34 × 104 L kg-1 in T. japonicus, calculated using the kinetic and steady-state methods, respectively. Exposure of T. japonicus nauplii to tHBCD caused significant growth delay. The lowest-observable-effect-concentrations of tHBCD induced developmental delay were 30 and 8 μg L-1 for the F0 and F1 generations, respectively, which suggested that the F1 generation was more sensitive to tHBCD than the F0 generation and warranted multiple-generation toxicity tests for future studies. Furthermore, exposure of the adult copepods to tHBCD induced the transcription of oxidative stress response genes and apoptotic genes, e.g., SOD,CAT, GST, OGG1, P53 and Caspase-3. It was therefore speculated that tHBCD exposure induced the generation of reactive oxygen species in T. japonicus, which activated the oxidative stress defense genes and meanwhile resulted in oxidative DNA damage. The damaged DNA activated the transcription of p53 and triggered the caspase-mediated apoptosis pathway, which may be the reason for the tHBCD induced developmental delay in T. japonicus nauplii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Environmental Science Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Dongmei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wanxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Rong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Haizheng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Environmental Science Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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21
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Liu YH, Zhang SH, Ji GX, Wu SM, Guo RX, Cheng J, Yan ZY, Chen JQ. Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of suspected endocrine-disrupting chemicals in surface water and suspended particulate matter of Yangtze River (Nanjing section). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 135:90-97. [PMID: 27721125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and distribution of eight selected endocrine-disrupting chemicals were investigated in samples of surface water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) in Nanjing section of Yangtze River over a year (the flow period, the wet period and the dry period). All target compounds were detected at least once in surface water with 4-tert-butylphenol (4-TBP), nonyphenol (NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) as the dominant compounds, with concentrations in the range of 225-1121ng/L, 1.4-858ng/L and 1.7-563ng/L, respectively. Except for December, all selected compounds for the other sampling times were not found in all sampling points. NP (mean concentration 69.8µg/g) and BPA (mean concentration 51.8µg/g) were also the dominant estrogens in SPM. In addition, the highest total compounds concentrations were found in December in both phases, which could be due to the low flow conditions and temperature during this season. Meanwhile, a significant positive correlation was found between the total compounds concentrations in the water phase and those in SPM phase. Risk assessment based on the calculated risk quotients (RQ) showed that low and moderate risk for the aquatic environment from presence of the target compounds at all sampling points with exception of 4-TBP and NP which might pose a high risk to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hua Liu
- Key laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) & School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Sheng-Hu Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Gui-Xiang Ji
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Sheng-Min Wu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Rui-Xin Guo
- Key laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) & School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Yan
- Key laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) & School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Jian-Qiu Chen
- Key laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) & School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Liu D, Liu J, Guo M, Xu H, Zhang S, Shi L, Yao C. Occurrence, distribution, and risk assessment of alkylphenols, bisphenol A, and tetrabromobisphenol A in surface water, suspended particulate matter, and sediment in Taihu Lake and its tributaries. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 112:142-150. [PMID: 27539633 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and distribution of nine selected compounds were investigated in surface water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment in Taihu Lake and its tributaries. With the exception of 4-Butylphenol, all compounds were detected in at least two phases, and nonylphenol (NP) and 4-tert-Octylphenol (4-OP) were the predominant alkylphenols (APs) in the lake. A significant correlation was observed between NP and 4-OP, indicating that they may share the same source. Moreover, surface water phase was the dominant sink of Bisphenol A (BPA) in the aquatic environment. The concentrations of BPA between the surface water and SPM phases were closely related to each other. In addition, Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) exhibited relatively higher concentrations and detection frequencies in the SPM. Risk assessment revealed greater risk associated with the surface water than the sediment, indicating that the discharge of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage poses a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(s), Nanjing 211816, China; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Jining Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Min Guo
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Huaizhou Xu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Shenghu Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China.
| | - Lili Shi
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Yao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(s), Nanjing 211816, China.
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Han J, Lee MC, Kim DH, Lee YH, Park JC, Lee JS. Effects of trimethoprim on life history parameters, oxidative stress, and the expression of cytochrome P450 genes in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 159:159-165. [PMID: 27288646 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Trimethoprim (TMP) is an antibiotic that has been detected in various environments including marine habitats; however, the toxic effects of TMP are poorly understood in non-target marine organisms. In this study, the effects of TMP on mortality, development, reproduction, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and transcription levels of antioxidant and xenobiotic detoxification-related enzyme genes were investigated in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. The TMP half lethal dose at 48 h (LC50-48 h) in nauplius and TMP LC50-96 h in adult T. japonicus copepods was determined as 156 mg/L and 200 mg/L, respectively. In TMP-exposed T. japonicus, delayed developmental time and impaired reproduction were observed as harmful effects on the life history parameters. Increased ROS levels were also shown in response to TMP exposure at the highest concentration (100 mg/L TMP) and the expression of antioxidant- (e.g. GST-kappa, GST-sigma) and xenobiotic detoxification (e.g. CYPs)-related genes were upregulated in a time and/or dose-dependent manner in response to TMP. Particularly, significant upregulation of three CYP genes (Tj-CYP3024A2, Tj-CYP3024A3 and Tj-CYP3027C2) were examined, suggesting that these CYP genes are likely playing an important role in the TMP detoxification metabolism in T. japonicus. In summary, we found that TMP induced oxidative stress via the transcriptional regulation of antioxidant- and xenobiotic detoxification-related genes, leading to changes in life history parameters such as developmental delay and reproduction impairment. Three Tj-CYP genes (Tj-CYP3024A2, Tj-CYP3024A3 and Tj-CYP3027C2) could be useful as potential T. japonicus biomarkers in response to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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24
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Gong W, Zhu L, Hao Y. Lethal and Sublethal Toxicity Comparison of BFRs to Three Marine Planktonic Copepods: Effects on Survival, Metabolism and Ingestion. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147790. [PMID: 26824601 PMCID: PMC4732688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The estuarine planktonic copepods have a wide geographical distribution and commendable tolerance to various kinds of contaminants. The primary aim of the present study was to contrast the impacts of model POPs (TBBPA and HBCD) on three common estuarine planktonic copepods (Oithona similis, Acartia pacifica and Pseudodiaptomus inopinus) and establish a protocol for the assessment of acute toxicity of marine organic pollutants. We first quantified the 96h-LC50 (0.566, 0.04 and 0.257 mg/L of TBBPA to the three subjects above respectively and 0.314 mg/L of HBCD to P. inopinus; all reported concentrations are nominal values). In the sub-lethal toxicity tests, it was turned out that the effects of copepods exposed to TBBPA could product different influences on the energy ingestion and metabolism. Different type of pollutions, meanwhile, could also bring varying degree effect on the target copepods. In general, the indicators (the rate of oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion, food ingestion and filtration) in higher concentration groups showed marked significant difference compared with controls as well a dose-effect relationship. The study also extended the research on the joint toxicity of TBBPA and HBCD based on the survival rate of P.inopinus. Whether 1:1 concentration or 1:1 toxic level, the research showed synergy effect relative to single exposure conditions. The result indicated that current single ecological testing used for environmental protection activities may underestimate the risk for copepods. It was also demonstrated that short-term sub-lethal experiment could be a standard to evaluate the sensitivity of copepods to POPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Gong
- Ocean University of China, College of Marine Life Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Liyan Zhu
- Ocean University of China, College of Marine Life Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Ya Hao
- Ocean University of China, College of Marine Life Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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25
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Han J, Won EJ, Lee MC, Seo JS, Lee SJ, Lee JS. Developmental retardation, reduced fecundity, and modulated expression of the defensome in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus exposed to BDE-47 and PFOS. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 165:136-143. [PMID: 26037098 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are widely dispersed persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the marine ecosystem. However, their toxic effects on marine organisms are still poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of BDE-47 and PFOS on development and reproduction at the organismal level and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and gene expression patterns of the defensome at the cellular level in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus. In copepods exposed to BDE-47 and PFOS, we observed developmental retardation and reduced fecundity, suggesting repercussions on in vivo endpoints through alterations to the normal molting and reproduction system of T. japonicus. BDE-47 and PFOS increased levels of ROS in T. japonicus in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating that POPs can induce oxidative stress through the generation of ROS. Additionally, transcript profiles of genes related to detoxification (e.g., CYPs), antioxidant functions (e.g., GST- sigma, catalase, MnSOD), apoptosis (e.g., p53, Rb), and cellular proliferation (e.g., PCNA) were modulated over 72h in response to BDE-47 (120μg/L) and PFOS (1000μg/L). These findings indicate that BDE-47 and PFOS can induce oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage repair systems with transcriptional regulation of detoxification, antioxidant, and apoptosis-related genes, resulting in developmental retardation and reduced fecundity in the copepod T. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Jung Soo Seo
- Pathology Team, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan 619-902, South Korea
| | - Su-Jae Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea.
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26
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Cao Z, Mu F, Wei X, Sun Y. Influence of CO2-induced seawater acidification on the development and lifetime reproduction ofTigriopus japonicusMori, 1938. J NAT HIST 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1034213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Kim BM, Rhee JS, Jeong CB, Seo JS, Park GS, Lee YM, Lee JS. Heavy metals induce oxidative stress and trigger oxidative stress-mediated heat shock protein (hsp) modulation in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 166:65-74. [PMID: 25058597 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (hsps) are induced by a wide range of environmental stressors including heavy metals in aquatic organisms. However, the effect of heavy metals on zooplankton at the molecular level remains still unclear. In this study, we measured the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and the antioxidant enzyme activities for 96 h after exposure to five heavy metals: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and zinc (Zn) in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes were highly elevated in metal-exposed copepods, indicating that heavy metals can induce oxidative stress by generating ROS, and stimulate the involvement of antioxidant enzymes as cellular defense mechanisms. Subsequently, transcriptional changes in hsp gene families were further investigated in the metal-exposed groups for 96 h. The ROS level and glutathione (GSH) content were significantly increased in Ag-, As-, and Cu-exposed copepods, while they were only slightly elevated in Cd- and Zn-exposed groups. Based on the numbers of significantly modulated hsp genes and their expression levels for 96 h, we measured the effect of heavy metals to stress genes of T. japonicus in the following order: Cu > Zn > Ag > As > Cd, implying that Cu acts as a stronger oxidative stress inducer than other heavy metals. Of them, the expression of hsp20 and hsp70 genes was substantially modulated by exposure to heavy metals, indicating that these genes would provide a sensitive molecular biomarker for aquatic monitoring of heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Mi Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
| | - Jung Soo Seo
- Pathology Team, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan 619-902, South Korea
| | - Gyung Soo Park
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Anyang University, Ganghwa 417-833, South Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul 110-743, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea.
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28
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Sun PY, Foley HB, Handschumacher L, Suzuki A, Karamanukyan T, Edmands S. Acclimation and adaptation to common marine pollutants in the copepod Tigriopus californicus. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 112:465-471. [PMID: 25048941 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Establishing water quality criteria using bioassays is complicated by variation in chemical tolerance between populations. Two major contributors to this variation are acclimation and adaptation, which are both linked to exposure history, but differ in how long their effects are maintained. Our study examines how tolerance changes over multiple generations of exposure to two common marine pollutants, copper (Cu) and tributyltin oxide (TBTO), in a sexually reproducing marine copepod, Tigriopus californicus. Lines of T. californicus were chronically exposed to sub-lethal levels of Cu and TBTO for 12 generations followed by a recovery period of 3 generations in seawater control conditions. At each generation, the average number of offspring produced and survived to 28 d was determined and used as the metric of tolerance. Lines exposed to Cu and TBTO showed an overall increase in tolerance over time. Increased Cu tolerance arose by generation 3 in the chronically exposed lines and was lost after 3 generations in seawater control conditions. Increased TBTO tolerance was detected at generation 7 and was maintained even after 3 generations in seawater control conditions. It was concluded from this study that tolerance to Cu is consistent with acclimation, a quick gain and loss of tolerance. In contrast, TBTO tolerance is consistent with adaptation, in which onset of tolerance was delayed relative to an acclimation response and maintained in the absence of exposure. These findings illustrate that consideration of exposure history is necessary when using bioassays to measure chemical tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Y Sun
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Helen B Foley
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lisa Handschumacher
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Amanda Suzuki
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tigran Karamanukyan
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Suzanne Edmands
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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29
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Yi AX, Han J, Lee JS, Leung KMY. Ecotoxicity of triphenyltin on the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus at various biological organisations: from molecular to population-level effects. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:1314-1325. [PMID: 24981692 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Triphenyltin compounds (TPTs), as effective biocides for different industrial and agricultural purposes, have been detected in coastal marine environments worldwide, in particular in Asian countries. However, little is known about their toxicity to marine organisms. This study comprehensively investigated the molecular, individual and population responses of the marine copepod, Tigriopus japonicus upon waterborne exposure to TPT chloride (TPTCl). Our results indicated that TPTCl was highly toxic to adult T. japonicus, with a 96-h LC50 concentration at 6.3 μg/L. As shown in a chronic full life-cycle test, T. japonicus exposed to 1.0 μg/L TPTCl exhibited a delay in development and a significant reduction of population growth, in terms of the intrinsic rate of increase (r m ). Based on the negative relationship between the r m and exposure concentration, a critical effect concentration was estimated at 1.6 μg/L TPTCl; at or above which population extinction could occur. At 0.1 μg/L TPTCl or above, the sex ratio of the second generation of the copepod was significantly altered and changed to a male-biased population. At molecular level, the inhibition of the transcriptional expression of glutathione S-transferase related genes might lead to dysfunction of detoxification, and the inhibition of retinoid X receptor mRNA expression implied an interruption of the growth and moulting process in T. japonicus. As the only gene that observed up-regulated in this study, the expression of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) increased in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating its function in protecting the copepod from TPT-mediated oxidative stress. The study advances our understanding on the ecotoxicity of TPT, and provides some initial data on its toxic mechanisms in small crustaceans like copepods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Xianliang Yi
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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30
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Lee KW, Shim WJ, Kwon OY, Kang JH. Size-dependent effects of micro polystyrene particles in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:11278-83. [PMID: 23988225 DOI: 10.1021/es401932b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 523] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of three sizes of polystyrene (PS) microbeads (0.05, 0.5, and 6-μm diameter) on the survival, development, and fecundity of the copepod Tigriopus japonicus using acute and chronic toxicity tests. T. japonicus ingested and egested all three sizes of PS beads used and exhibited no selective feeding when phytoplankton were added. The copepods (nauplius and adult females) survived all sizes of PS beads and the various concentrations tested in the acute toxicity test for 96 h. In the two-generation chronic toxicity test, 0.05-μm PS beads at a concentration greater than 12.5 μg/mL caused the mortality of nauplii and copepodites in the F0 generation and even triggered mortality at a concentration of 1.25 μg/mL in the next generation. In the 0.5-μm PS bead treatment, despite there being no significant effect on the F0 generation, the highest concentration (25 μg/mL) induced a significant decrease in survival compared with the control population in the F1 generation. The 6-μm PS beads did not affect the survival of T. japonicus over two generations. The 0.5- and 6-μm PS beads caused a significant decrease in fecundity at all concentrations. These results suggest that microplastics such as micro- or nanosized PS beads may have negative impacts on marine copepods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyun-Woo Lee
- South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology , 391 Jangmok-myon, Geoje-shi, 656-834, South Korea
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31
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Durán I, Beiras R. Ecotoxicologically based marine acute water quality criteria for metals intended for protection of coastal areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 463-464:446-453. [PMID: 23831790 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute water quality criteria (WQC) for the protection of coastal ecosystems are developed on the basis of short-term ecotoxicological data using the most sensitive life stages of representative species from the main taxa of marine water column organisms. A probabilistic approach based on species sensitivity distribution (SSD) curves has been chosen and compared to the WQC obtained applying an assessment factor to the critical toxicity values, i.e. the 'deterministic' approach. The criteria obtained from HC5 values (5th percentile of the SSD) were 1.01 μg/l for Hg, 1.39 μg/l for Cu, 3.83 μg/l for Cd, 25.3 μg/l for Pb and 8.24 μg/l for Zn. Using sensitive early life stages and very sensitive endpoints allowed calculation of WQC for marine coastal ecosystems. These probabilistic WQC, intended to protect 95% of the species in 95% of the cases, were calculated on the basis of a limited ecotoxicological dataset, avoiding the use of large and uncertain assessment factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Durán
- ECIMAT, Universidade de Vigo, Illa de Toralla, E-36331 Coruxo, Galicia, Spain.
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32
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Kim BM, Jeong CB, Han J, Kim IC, Rhee JS, Lee JS. Role of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) in the environmental stressor-exposed intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 158:131-41. [PMID: 23797038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
To identify and characterize CHH (TJ-CHH) gene in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus, we analyzed the full-length cDNA sequence, genomic structure, and promoter region. The full-length TJ-CHH cDNA was 716 bp in length, encoding 136 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequences of TJ-CHH showed a high similarity of the CHH mature domain to other crustaceans. Six conserved cysteine residues and five conserved structural motifs in the CHH mature peptide domain were also observed. The genomic structure of the TJ-CHH gene contained three exons and two introns in its open reading frame (ORF), and several transcriptional elements were detected in the promoter region of the TJ-CHH gene. To investigate transcriptional change of TJ-CHH under environmental stress, T. japonicus were exposed to heat treatment, UV-B radiation, heavy metals, and water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) of Iranian crude oil. Upon heat stress, TJ-CHH transcripts were elevated at 30 °C and 35 °C for 96 h in a time-course experiment. UV-B radiation led to a decreased pattern of the TJ-CHH transcript 48 h and more after radiation (12 kJ/m(2)). After exposure of a fixed dose (12 kJ/m(2)) in a time-course experiment, TJ-CHH transcript was down-regulated in time-dependent manner with a lowest value at 12h. However, the TJ-CHH transcript level was increased in response to five heavy metal exposures for 96 h. Also, the level of the TJ-CHH transcript was significantly up-regulated at 20% of WAFs after exposure to WAFs for 48 h and then remarkably reduced in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that the enhanced TJ-CHH transcript level is associated with a cellular stress response of the TJ-CHH gene as shown in decapod crustaceans. This study is also helpful for a better understanding of the detrimental effects of environmental changes on the CHH-triggered copepod metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Mi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
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33
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Fitzer SC, Caldwell GS, Clare AS, Upstill-Goddard RC, Bentley MG. Response of copepods to elevated pCO2 and environmental copper as co-stressors--a multigenerational study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71257. [PMID: 23951121 PMCID: PMC3737157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the impacts of ocean acidification and copper as co-stressors on the reproduction and population level responses of the benthic copepod Tisbe battagliai across two generations. Naupliar production, growth, and cuticle elemental composition were determined for four pH values: 8.06 (control); 7.95; 7.82; 7.67, with copper addition to concentrations equivalent to those in benthic pore waters. An additive synergistic effect was observed; the decline in naupliar production was greater with added copper at decreasing pH than for decreasing pH alone. Naupliar production modelled for the two generations revealed a negative synergistic impact between ocean acidification and environmentally relevant copper concentrations. Conversely, copper addition enhanced copepod growth, with larger copepods produced at each pH compared to the impact of pH alone. Copepod digests revealed significantly reduced cuticle concentrations of sulphur, phosphorus and calcium under decreasing pH; further, copper uptake increased to toxic levels that lead to reduced naupliar production. These data suggest that ocean acidification will enhance copper bioavailability, resulting in larger, but less fecund individuals that may have an overall detrimental outcome for copepod populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C Fitzer
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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34
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Lee KW, Shim WJ, Yim UH, Kang JH. Acute and chronic toxicity study of the water accommodated fraction (WAF), chemically enhanced WAF (CEWAF) of crude oil and dispersant in the rock pool copepod Tigriopus japonicus. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:1161-1168. [PMID: 23466279 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We determined the toxicity of the water accommodated hydrocarbon fraction (WAF), two chemically enhanced WAFs (CEWAFs; CEWAF-C, Crude oil+Corexit 9500 and CEWAF-H, Crude oil+Hiclean) of crude oil and two dispersants (Corexit 9500 and Hiclean) to the rock pool copepod Tigriopus japonicus. In the acute toxicity test, Corexit 9500 was the most toxic of all the chemicals studied. The nauplius stage of T. japonicus was more susceptible to the toxic chemicals studied than the adult female. The toxicity data using the nauplius stage was then considered as baseline to determine the spiking concentration of chemicals for chronic toxicity tests on the copepod. As the endpoints in the chronic toxicity test, survival, sex ratio, developmental time and fecundity of the copepod were used. All chemicals used in this study resulted in increased toxicity in the F1 generation. The lowest-observed-adverse-effect (LOAE) concentrations of WAF, CEWAF-H, CEWAF-C, Hiclean and Corexit 9500 were observed to be 50%, 10%, 0.1%, 1% and 1%, respectively. The results in present study imply that copepods in marine may be negatively influenced by spilled oil and dispersant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyun-Woo Lee
- South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 391 Jangmok-myon, Geoje-shi 656-834, South Korea
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Kim BM, Choi BS, Lee KW, Ki JS, Kim IC, Choi IY, Rhee JS, Lee JS. Expression profile analysis of antioxidative stress and developmental pathway genes in the manganese-exposed intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus with 6K oligochip. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:1214-1223. [PMID: 23714145 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) provides one of aquatic pollutants in marine ecosystem. Here we used a 6K oligomicroarray to identify the effect of Mn on transcriptomes in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. A total of 5594 spots were significantly modulated on a 6K oligomicroarray with hierarchical clustering after exposure to Mn over 24h. Of them, 186 and 489 genes were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Particularly, several genes involved in stress, detoxification, and developmental functions were significantly modulated in T. japonicus exposed for 24h. In detail, Mn exposure specifically up-regulated genes that were related to intracellular stress, antioxidant, and detoxification pathways such as cytochrome P450s (CYPs), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and heat shock proteins (hsps), while a majority of downregulated genes was associated with developmental pathways such as cuticle protein, ecdysone receptor, and vitellogenin. These results demonstrated that Mn exposure modulated gene expression in relation to intracellular stress, leading to developmental retardation in the intertidal copepod, T. japonicus, and provide a better understanding of mechanistic molecular studies of Mn-induced cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Mi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
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Jiang JL, Wang GZ, Mao MG, Wang KJ, Li SJ, Zeng CS. Differential gene expression profile of the calanoid copepod, Pseudodiaptomus annandalei, in response to nickel exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 157:203-11. [PMID: 23164661 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the underlying mechanisms of reactions of copepods exposed to elevated level of nickel, the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to elucidate the response of the copepod Pseudodiaptomus annandalei to nickel exposure at the gene level. P. annandale is one of a few copepod species that can be cultured relatively easy under laboratory condition, and it is considered to be a potential model species for toxicity study. In the present study, P. annandalei were exposed to nickel at a concentration of 8.86 mgL(-1) for 24h, after which the RNA was prepared for SSH using unexposed P. annandalei as drivers. A total of 474 clones on the middle scale in the SSH library were sequenced. Among these genes, 129 potential functional genes were recognized based on the BLAST searches in NCBI and Uniprot databases. These genes were then categorized into nine groups in association with different biological processes using AmiGO against the Gene Ontology database. Of the 129 genes, 127 translatable DNA sequences were predicted to be proteins, and the putative amino acid sequences were searched for conserved domains (CD) and proteins using the CD-Search service and BLASTp. Among 129 genes, 119 (92.2%) were annotated to be involved in different biological processes, while 10 genes (7.8%) were classified as an unknown-function gene group. To further confirm the up-regulation of differentially expressed genes, the quantitative real time PCR were performed to test eight randomly selected genes, in which five of them, i.e. α-tubulin, ribosomal protein L13, ferritin, separase and Myohemerythrin-1, exhibited clear up-regulation after nickel exposure. In addition, MnSOD was further studied for the differential expression pattern after nickel exposure and the results showed that MnSOD had a time- and dose-dependent expression pattern in the copepod after nickel exposure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to investigate the toxicity effects of nickel on a copepod at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Lan Jiang
- College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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Guo F, Wang L, Wang WX. Acute and chronic toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyl 126 to Tigriopus japonicus: effects on survival, growth, reproduction, and intrinsic rate of population growth. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2012; 31:639-645. [PMID: 22189719 DOI: 10.1002/etc.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus japonicus has a wide geographical distribution and is considered as a suitable model species for the assessment of toxicity of marine pollutants. The aim of the present study was to test the impacts of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 126 (3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl) on the growth, development, and reproduction of T. japonicus in two successive generations. We first quantified the 96-h 50% lethal concentration (2.83 mg/L; all reported concentrations are nominal values), the no-observed-effect concentration (0.6 mg/L), and the lowest-observed-effect concentration (LOEC; 1.2 mg/L) of PCB126 in the nauplii. Nauplii were more sensitive than the adults, which still survived at the highest tested PCB126 concentration (8 mg/L). In the chronic toxicity testing, 10 life history traits were quantified for T. japonicus. No obvious effect on any of these traits was observed in the first generation (F0) at tested concentrations (<100 µg/L) lower than the LOEC. During the second generational life-cycle exposure (F1), however, PCB126 had an obvious toxic effect on the reproduction (>1 µg/L) and growth (>0.1 µg/L). Thus, copepods became more sensitive to PCB126 exposure as generations developed. Among the different traits tested, body size was the most sensitive parameter. Reproduction (fecundity, number of clutches, nauplii/clutch) and intrinsic population growth were also significantly impacted by PCB exposure. The survivorship, sex ratio, hatching time, and development were not affected. Environmental risk assessment of contaminants must therefore be based on a long-term multigenerational exposure to provide a realistic measurement of the influences of pollutants on aquatic life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Perez-Landa V, Simpson SL. A short life-cycle test with the epibenthic copepod Nitocra spinipes for sediment toxicity assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2011; 30:1430-1439. [PMID: 21360580 DOI: 10.1002/etc.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A new short life-cycle test methodology is presented to evaluate sublethal effects of contaminated sediments to the harpacticoid copepod species Nitocra spinipes. The method combines a 4-d survival-gravidity test with a 7-d development test. For water-only Cu exposures, the sensitivity of the development test endpoints were compared with tests using nonexposed gravid females to initiate the 7-d development test phase, and also with a multiple generation test comprising three successive phases: 9-d development; 21-d survival-gravidity; second-generation 9-d development. The results indicated that the development endpoints were the most sensitive, with median effective concentration (EC50) values of 95 µg Cu/L for nauplii/gravid female and 101 µg Cu/L copepodites/gravid female endpoints, followed by the gravidity (144 µg Cu/L) and survival (347 µg Cu/L). The sensitivity of the short life-cycle test endpoints was similar to the multiple-generation test endpoints, and the shorter test had less variability in controls. The multiple-generation test showed a large amount of stimulation of reproduction and development at Cu concentrations of 50 to 100 µg/L. The suitability of the short life-cycle test for assessing sediment toxicity was demonstrated using Cu-spiked and naturally contaminated whole sediments. Although the small nauplii were more difficult to isolate from sediments, the small amounts of sediments used for the tests and the large effects of the contaminated sediments on nauplii and copepodite numbers resulted in significant differences to controls. For sediment exposures, the sensitivity of the endpoints was in the order development > gravidity > survival. The short life-cycle test was demonstrated to detect, within 11 d of exposure, similar levels of effects on reproduction and development to those detected using a 39-d multiple-generation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Perez-Landa
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Kirrawee, New South Wales, Australia
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Blihoghe D, Manzo E, Villela A, Cutignano A, Picariello G, Faimali M, Fontana A. Evaluation of the antifouling properties of 3-alyklpyridine compounds. BIOFOULING 2011; 27:99-109. [PMID: 21181570 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2010.542587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
One of the most promising alternative technologies to antifouling (AF) biocides based on toxic heavy metals lies in the development of natural eco-friendly biocides. The present study evaluates the AF potential of structurally different compounds containing a 3-alkylpyridine moiety. The products, namely poly 3-alkylpyridinium salts, saraine, and haminols, were either extracted or derived from natural sources (the sponges Haliclona sp. and Reniera sarai and the mollusc Haminoea fusari), or obtained by chemical synthesis. All the molecules tested showed generally good anti-settlement activity against larvae of the barnacle Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite (EC(50) values between 0.19 and 3.61 μg ml(-1) and low toxicity (LC(50) values ranging from 2.04 to over 100 μg ml(-1)) with non-target organisms. For the first time, the AF potential of a synthetic monomeric 3-alkylpyridine was demonstrated, suggesting that chemical synthesis is as a realistic way to produce large amounts of these compounds for future research and development of environmentally-friendly AF biocides.
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Mohammed EH, Wang G, Jiang J. The effects of nickel on the reproductive ability of three different marine copepods. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2010; 19:911-916. [PMID: 20182790 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-010-0471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lethal and sublethal toxicity of Nickel (Ni) to three marine copepods Tigriopus japonicus, Apocyclops borneoensis and Acartia pacifica was investigated. The 48-h LC50 values were 17.70, 13.05 and 2.36 mg l(-1) Ni, respectively. A. pacifica was found to be the most sensitive to Ni in acute exposure tests. In order to assess sublethal effects of Ni on copepod reproduction, the test organisms were exposed to four nominal Ni concentrations 0, 10, 100, 1000 microg l(-1) Ni. The results indicated that offspring production of T. japonicus and A. borneoensis was significantly reduced after exposure to 10 microg l(-1) Ni. Whereas egg production and egg hatching success of A. pacifica were significantly reduced at 100 and 10 microg l(-1) Ni, respectively. Exposure of copepods to the highest Ni concentration caused a severely reduced nauplii production from T. japonicus, A. borneoensis and A. pacifica by 87.8, 56.9 and 65.8%, respectively, and a significantly reduced egg production of A. pacifica by 74.4%. These results show that Ni excess in the coastal environment can have detrimental effects on reproduction of copepods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emadeldeen Hassan Mohammed
- College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
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Hwang DS, Lee JS, Lee KW, Rhee JS, Han J, Lee J, Park GS, Lee YM, Lee JS. Cloning and expression of ecdysone receptor (EcR) from the intertidal copepod, Tigriopus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2010; 151:303-12. [PMID: 20025995 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2009.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Revised: 12/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ecdysteroids are steroid hormones that play an important role in development, growth, molting of larva, and reproduction in the Arthropoda. The effect of ecdysteroids is mediated by its binding to ecdysteroid receptor (EcR). To investigate the role of EcR during development and the effect to environmental stressors on EcR expression in a copepod, we isolated and characterized cDNA and 5'-promoter region of the Tigriopus japonicus EcR (TJ-EcR), and studied mRNA expression pattern. The full-length TJ-EcR cDNA sequence was 1962bp in length and the open reading frame encoded 546 amino acids. The deduced TJ-EcR protein contained well-conserved DNA-binding domain and ligand-binding domain. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that TJ-EcR was clustered with the EcR of other crustaceans. TJ-EcR mRNA was expressed in a developmental stage-specific manner: high in early developmental stages and low in the adult stage. Significantly elevated expression of the TJ-EcR gene in adults was detected at hypersalinity (42ppt) and high temperature (35 degrees C) condition. The 5'-flanking region of TJ-EcR gene contains heat shock protein 70 response elements, implying that the environmental stressors may affect its expression via the stress-sensor. In addition, bisphenol A (100microg/L) repressed TJ-EcR expression. Our results suggest that TJ-EcR could be a biomarker for the monitoring of the impact of environmental stressors in copepods.
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MESH Headings
- 5' Flanking Region/genetics
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Benzhydryl Compounds
- Cloning, Molecular
- Copepoda/drug effects
- Copepoda/genetics
- Copepoda/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Ligands
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Open Reading Frames/genetics
- Phenols/toxicity
- Phylogeny
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Steroid/genetics
- Receptors, Steroid/metabolism
- Salinity
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Stress, Physiological
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Bioscience, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
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Ki JS, Raisuddin S, Lee KW, Hwang DS, Han J, Rhee JS, Kim IC, Park HG, Ryu JC, Lee JS. Gene expression profiling of copper-induced responses in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus using a 6K oligochip microarray. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2009; 93:177-187. [PMID: 19515434 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Revised: 04/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus has shown promising results in classical acute and chronic toxicity studies. Recently, a large number of genes have been identified from this species and their mRNA expression has been studied independently against exposure to marine environmental pollutants. T. japonicus is a promising organism for the study of mechanistic aspects of marine environmental pollutants using genomics. In this study, a 6K oligochip for T. japonicus that included mostly unique sets of genes from approximately 26K ESTs, was developed. A total of 5463 spots (2313 mRNAs upregulated and 3150 downregulated) were identified to be significantly expressed on microarray by hierarchical clustering of genes after exposure to copper for different time durations (10 microg/L for 6, 12 and 24h). However, mRNAs of only 138 and 375 genes were observed to be consistently upregulated and downregulated, respectively, at all time points. Most of the changes of mRNA expression were observed at the short exposure of 6h. It was observed that mRNA expression of several genes involved in growth, metabolism, reproduction and hormonal regulation was modulated in Cu-exposed T. japonicus. mRNA expression of genes involved in detoxification and antioxidant functions was also modulated. This indicates that Cu-induced gene transcription is complicated in T. japonicus similar to other crustaceans. Cu specifically upregulated mRNAs of genes of some isoforms of cytochrome P450 (CYP). On the other hand, a majority of downregulated mRNAs were of genes encoding for proteins important for growth and development. The expression profile of mRNAs of selected genes was verified by the quantitative real time RT-PCR. The mRNA expression profiles provide insight into the mechanism of action of copper in T. japonicus. These results demonstrate the suitability of a T. japonicus oligochip microarray for risk assessment of trace metals in the marine environment. As yet, major breakthroughs in invertebrate toxicogenomics have mainly been in Daphnia and Drosophila. Daphnia's use is limited to freshwater ecotoxicogenomics. Here we propose an oligochip microarray-based approach for risk assessment of trace metals in a potential model marine test species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Seu Ki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
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Lee KW, Hwang DS, Rhee JS, Ki JS, Park HG, Ryu JC, Raisuddin S, Lee JS. Molecular cloning, phylogenetic analysis and developmental expression of a vitellogenin (Vg) gene from the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2008; 150:395-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2008.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2008] [Revised: 04/20/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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