1
|
Shimizu I. Exploration of New Therapies for Heart Failure Targeting Age-Related Mechanisms. Circ J 2024; 88:626-630. [PMID: 37438143 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-23-0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Evidence indicates a role of cellular senescence and systemic insulin resistance (hyperinsulinemia) in the pathogenesis of age-related cardiovascular-metabolic disorders, including heart failure, atherosclerotic diseases, obesity, and diabetes. "Metabolic remodeling" is one of the keywords for aging research, and studies with brown adipose tissue have shown that maintaining the homeostasis of this organ is crucial to suppressing the progression of pathologies in obesity and heart failure. The mechanisms contributing to the synchronization of aging (sync-aging) are mysterious and interesting. "Senometabolite" or "senoprotein" are defined as circulating molecules that have causal roles in sync-aging, which requires the establishment of new concepts: age-related fibrotic disorders (A-FiDs), and senometabolite-related disorders (SRDs). Globally, researchers are active in comprehensive and conclusive studies targeting age-related circulating molecules. Recently, the senolytic approach opened a new avenue for aging research. Senolysis, mediated through a genetic/pharmacologic/vaccination approach, reversed aging and pathologies in age-related diseases. Suppression of prosenescent molecules (senocules) and senolysis, the specific depletion of senescent cells, will become next-generation therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Aging, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu X, Sun H, Zheng L, Zhang J, Su H, Li B, Wu Q, Liu Y, Xu Y, Song X, Yu Y. Adipose-derived miRNAs as potential biomarkers for predicting adulthood obesity and its complications: A systematic review and bioinformatic analysis. Obes Rev 2024:e13748. [PMID: 38590187 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is the first and primary target organ of obesity and the main source of circulating miRNAs in patients with obesity. This systematic review aimed to analyze and summarize the generation and mechanisms of adipose-derived miRNAs and their role as early predictors of various obesity-related complications. Literature searches in the PubMed and Web of Science databases using terms related to miRNAs, obesity, and adipose tissue. Pre-miRNAs from the Human MicroRNA Disease Database, known to regulate obesity-related metabolic disorders, were combined for intersection processing. Validated miRNA targets were sorted through literature review, and enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes via the KOBAS online tool, disease analysis, and miRNA transcription factor prediction using the TransmiR v. 2.0 database were also performed. Thirty miRNAs were identified using both obesity and adipose secretion as criteria. Seventy-nine functionally validated targets associated with 30 comorbidities of these miRNAs were identified, implicating pathways such as autophagy, p53 pathways, and inflammation. The miRNA precursors were analyzed to predict their transcription factors and explore their biosynthesis mechanisms. Our findings offer potential insights into the epigenetic changes related to adipose-driven obesity-related comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Liu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Huayi Sun
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Colorectal Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lixia Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Han Su
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bingjie Li
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qianhui Wu
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yunchan Liu
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingxi Xu
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Soleimani M, Cheraqpour K, Koganti R, Djalilian AR. Cellular senescence and ophthalmic diseases: narrative review. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:3067-3082. [PMID: 37079093 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06070-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest whereby a cell reaches its replicative limit. However, senescence can also be triggered prematurely in certain stressors including radiation, oxidative stress, and chemotherapy. This stress-induced senescence has been studied in the context of promoting inflammation, tumor development, and several chronic degenerative diseases of aging. Emerging research has elucidated the role of senescence in various ocular diseases. METHODS The literature search was performed using PubMed with using the query (senescence OR aging) AND (eye disease OR ocular disease OR ophthalmic disease OR cornea OR glaucoma OR cataract OR retina) on October 20th, 2022. No time restriction was proposed. Articles were excluded if they were not referenced in English. RESULTS Overall, 51 articles regarding senescence and ocular diseases were found and summarized in this study. Several signaling pathways have been implicated in the development of senescence. Currently, senescence has been linked to various corneal and retinal pathologies, as well as cataract and glaucoma. Given the number of pathologies, senolytics, which are small molecules with the ability to selective targeting of senescent cells, can be used as therapeutic or prophylactic agents. CONCLUSIONS Senescence has been shown to underlie the pathogenesis of numerous ocular diseases. The overall literature on senescence and ocular disease is growing rapidly. There is an ongoing debate whether or not cellular senescence detected in experiments contributes in a significant way to diseases. Research on understanding the mechanism of senescence from ocular cells and tissues is just beginning. Multiple animal models are required to test potential senolytics. Currently, no studies exist to date which have demonstrated the benefits of senolytic therapies in human studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Soleimani
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Cornea Service, Stem Cell Therapy and Corneal Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1855 W. Taylor Street, M/C 648, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kasra Cheraqpour
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raghuram Koganti
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Cornea Service, Stem Cell Therapy and Corneal Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1855 W. Taylor Street, M/C 648, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hong Y, Li J, Zhong Y, Yang S, Pei L, Huang Z, Chen X, Wu H, Zheng G, Zeng C, Wu H, Wang T. Elabela inhibits TRAF1/NF-κB induced oxidative DNA damage to promote diabetic foot ulcer wound healing. iScience 2023; 26:107601. [PMID: 37664606 PMCID: PMC10469767 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a serious complication of diabetes. Elabela (ELA), a ligand of apelin receptor (APJ), was shown to promote angiogenesis and suppress inflammation. This study aimed to illustrate the role of ELA in DFU wound healing. A whole-skin defect model was constructed using db/m and db/db mice to observe the effects of ELA on wound healing. The function of ELA in endothelial cells cultured in high glucose medium was investigated. Administration of ELA in peri-wound area of db/db mice accelerated wound closure and reduced inflammatory infiltration. Indicators of DNA damage, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and tail DNA amounts, were downregulated by ELA but compromised after TRAF1 overexpression. ELA-mediated inhibition of NF-κB phosphorylation improved cell migration and angiogenesis, which were blocked by APJ silencing. The findings imply that ELA suppresses TRAF1-mediated NF-κB signal activation, reducing ROS-related oxidative DNA damage and improving protection of endothelial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Hong
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P.R. China
| | - Yinsheng Zhong
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P.R. China
| | - Shujun Yang
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P.R. China
| | - Liying Pei
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P.R. China
| | - Zijie Huang
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P.R. China
| | - Xuxiang Chen
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Emergency, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Zheng
- Department of Emergency, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Chaotao Zeng
- Department of Emergency, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Haidong Wu
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ayyadurai VAS, Deonikar P. Attenuation of Aging-Related Oxidative Stress Pathways by Phytonutrients: A Computational Systems Biology Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3762. [PMID: 37686794 PMCID: PMC10489992 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging results from gradual accumulation of damage to the cellular functions caused by biochemical processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation-driven prolonged cellular senescence state, immune system malfunction, psychological stress, and epigenetic changes due to exposure to environmental toxins. Plant-derived bioactive molecules have been shown to ameliorate the damage from oxidative stress. This research seeks to uncover the mechanisms of action of how phytochemicals from fruit/berry/vegetable (FBV) juice powder mitigate oxidative stress. The study uses a computational systems biology approach to (1) identify biomolecular pathways of oxidative stress; (2) identify phytochemicals from FBV juice powder and their specific action on oxidative stress mechanisms; and (3) quantitatively estimate the effects of FBV juice powder bioactive compounds on oxidative stress. The compounds in FBV affected two oxidative stress molecular pathways: (1) reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and (2) antioxidant enzyme production. Six bioactive compounds including cyanidin, delphinidin, ellagic acid, kaempherol, malvidin, and rutin in FBV significantly lowered production of ROS and increased the production of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, heme oxygenase-1, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. FBV juice powder provides a combination of bioactive compounds that attenuate aging by affecting multiple pathways of oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. A. Shiva Ayyadurai
- Systems Biology Group, CytoSolve Research Division, CytoSolve, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen Y, Wang W, Morgan MP, Robson T, Annett S. Obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and therapeutic targets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1148934. [PMID: 37361533 PMCID: PMC10286797 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1148934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic and overwhelming evidence indicates that it is a risk factor for numerous cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Obesity-associated hepatic tumorigenesis develops from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and ultimately to HCC. The rising incidence of obesity is resulting in an increased prevalence of NAFLD and NASH, and subsequently HCC. Obesity represents an increasingly important underlying etiology of HCC, in particular as the other leading causes of HCC such as hepatitis infection, are declining due to effective treatments and vaccines. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms and cellular signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated HCC. We summarize the preclinical experimental animal models available to study the features of NAFLD/NASH/HCC, and the non-invasive methods to diagnose NAFLD, NASH and early-stage HCC. Finally, since HCC is an aggressive tumor with a 5-year survival of less than 20%, we will also discuss novel therapeutic targets for obesity-associated HCC and ongoing clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinshuang Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Maria P. Morgan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Annett
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Suda M, Paul KH, Minamino T, Miller JD, Lerman A, Ellison-Hughes GM, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Senescent Cells: A Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1296. [PMID: 37174697 PMCID: PMC10177324 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescent cell accumulation has been observed in age-associated diseases including cardiovascular diseases. Senescent cells lack proliferative capacity and secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors that may cause or worsen many cardiovascular diseases. Therapies targeting senescent cells, especially senolytic drugs that selectively induce senescent cell removal, have been shown to delay, prevent, alleviate, or treat multiple age-associated diseases in preclinical models. Some senolytic clinical trials have already been completed or are underway for a number of diseases and geriatric syndromes. Understanding how cellular senescence affects the various cell types in the cardiovascular system, such as endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, progenitor cells, and cardiomyocytes, is important to facilitate translation of senotherapeutics into clinical interventions. This review highlights: (1) the characteristics of senescent cells and their involvement in cardiovascular diseases, focusing on the aforementioned cardiovascular cell types, (2) evidence about senolytic drugs and other senotherapeutics, and (3) the future path and clinical potential of senotherapeutics for cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Suda
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Karl H. Paul
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Jordan D. Miller
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Georgina M. Ellison-Hughes
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054491. [PMID: 36901921 PMCID: PMC10003249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The life expectancy of the global population has increased. Aging is a natural physiological process that poses major challenges in an increasingly long-lived and frail population. Several molecular mechanisms are involved in aging. Likewise, the gut microbiota, which is influenced by environmental factors such as diet, plays a crucial role in the modulation of these mechanisms. The Mediterranean diet, as well as the components present in it, offer some proof of this. Achieving healthy aging should be focused on the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits that reduce the development of pathologies that are associated with aging, in order to increase the quality of life of the aging population. In this review we analyze the influence of the Mediterranean diet on the molecular pathways and the microbiota associated with more favorable aging patterns, as well as its possible role as an anti-aging treatment.
Collapse
|
9
|
Higashikuni Y, Liu W, Numata G, Tanaka K, Fukuda D, Tanaka Y, Hirata Y, Imamura T, Takimoto E, Komuro I, Sata M. NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Through Heart-Brain Interaction Initiates Cardiac Inflammation and Hypertrophy During Pressure Overload. Circulation 2023; 147:338-355. [PMID: 36440584 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical stress on the heart, such as high blood pressure, initiates inflammation and causes hypertrophic heart disease. However, the regulatory mechanism of inflammation and its role in the stressed heart remain unclear. IL-1β (interleukin-1β) is a proinflammatory cytokine that causes cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Here, we show that neural signals activate the NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome for IL-1β production to induce adaptive hypertrophy in the stressed heart. METHODS C57BL/6 mice, knockout mouse strains for NLRP3 and P2RX7 (P2X purinoceptor 7), and adrenergic neuron-specific knockout mice for SLC17A9, a secretory vesicle protein responsible for the storage and release of ATP, were used for analysis. Pressure overload was induced by transverse aortic constriction. Various animal models were used, including pharmacological treatment with apyrase, lipopolysaccharide, 2'(3')-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)-ATP, MCC950, anti-IL-1β antibodies, clonidine, pseudoephedrine, isoproterenol, and bisoprolol, left stellate ganglionectomy, and ablation of cardiac afferent nerves with capsaicin. Cardiac function and morphology, gene expression, myocardial IL-1β and caspase-1 activity, and extracellular ATP level were assessed. In vitro experiments were performed using primary cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts from rat neonates and human microvascular endothelial cell line. Cell surface area and proliferation were assessed. RESULTS Genetic disruption of NLRP3 resulted in significant loss of IL-1β production, cardiac hypertrophy, and contractile function during pressure overload. A bone marrow transplantation experiment revealed an essential role of NLRP3 in cardiac nonimmune cells in myocardial IL-1β production and cardiac phenotype. Pharmacological depletion of extracellular ATP or genetic disruption of the P2X7 receptor suppressed myocardial NLRP3 inflammasome activity during pressure overload, indicating an important role of ATP/P2X7 axis in cardiac inflammation and hypertrophy. Extracellular ATP induced hypertrophic changes of cardiac cells in an NLRP3- and IL-1β-dependent manner in vitro. Manipulation of the sympathetic nervous system suggested sympathetic efferent nerves as the main source of extracellular ATP. Depletion of ATP release from sympathetic efferent nerves, ablation of cardiac afferent nerves, or a lipophilic β-blocker reduced cardiac extracellular ATP level, and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation, IL-1β production, and adaptive cardiac hypertrophy during pressure overload. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac inflammation and hypertrophy are regulated by heart-brain interaction. Controlling neural signals might be important for the treatment of hypertensive heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutomi Higashikuni
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., W.L., G.N., K. Tanaka, T.I., E.T., I.K.), The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wenhao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., W.L., G.N., K. Tanaka, T.I., E.T., I.K.), The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Genri Numata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., W.L., G.N., K. Tanaka, T.I., E.T., I.K.), The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimie Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., W.L., G.N., K. Tanaka, T.I., E.T., I.K.), The University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (K. Tanaka)
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan (D.F.)
| | - Yu Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics (Y. Tanaka, Y.H.), The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hirata
- Department of Pediatrics (Y. Tanaka, Y.H.), The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Imamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., W.L., G.N., K. Tanaka, T.I., E.T., I.K.), The University of Tokyo, Japan.,Second Department of Medicine, University of Toyama, Japan (T.I.)
| | - Eiki Takimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., W.L., G.N., K. Tanaka, T.I., E.T., I.K.), The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., W.L., G.N., K. Tanaka, T.I., E.T., I.K.), The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Japan (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cocoa Polyphenol Extract Inhibits Cellular Senescence via Modulation of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in Auditory Cells. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030544. [PMID: 36771251 PMCID: PMC9921725 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocoa, rich in polyphenols, has been reported to provide many health benefits due to its antioxidant properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cocoa polyphenols extract (CPE) against oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence using a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cellular senescence model in three auditory cells lines derived from the auditory organ of a transgenic mouse: House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1), Organ of Corti-3 (OC-k3), and Stria Vascularis (SV-k1) cells. Our results showed that CPE attenuated senescent phenotypes, including senescence-associated β-galactosidase expression, cell proliferation, alterations of morphology, oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction by inhibiting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation, and related molecules expressions such as forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) and p53. In addition, we determined that CPE induces expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), and it has a protective role against cellular senescence by upregulation of SIRT1 and SIRT3. These data indicate that CPE protects against senescence through SIRT1, SIRT3, FOXO3, and p53 in auditory cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that Cocoa has therapeutic potential against age-related hearing loss (ARHL).
Collapse
|
11
|
Mathur N, Severinsen MCK, Jensen ME, Naver L, Schrölkamp M, Laye MJ, Watt MJ, Nielsen S, Krogh-Madsen R, Pedersen BK, Scheele C. Human visceral and subcutaneous adipose stem and progenitor cells retain depot-specific adipogenic properties during obesity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:983899. [PMID: 36340033 PMCID: PMC9629396 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.983899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal obesity associates with cardiometabolic disease and an accumulation of lipids in the visceral adipose depot, whereas lipid accumulation in the subcutaneous depot is more benign. We aimed to further investigate whether the adipogenic properties where cell-intrinsic, or dependent on a depot-specific or obesity-produced microenvironment. We obtained visceral and subcutaneous biopsies from non-obese women (n = 14) or women living with morbid obesity (n = 14) and isolated adipose stem and progenitor cells (ASPCs) from the stromal vascular fraction of non-obese (n = 13) and obese (n = 13). Following in vitro differentiation into mature adipocytes, we observed a contrasting pattern with a lower gene expression of adipogenic markers and a higher gene expression of immunogenic markers in the visceral compared to the subcutaneous adipocytes. We identified the immunogenic factor BST2 as a marker for visceral ASPCs. The effect of obesity and insulin resistance on adipogenic and immunogenic markers in the in vitro differentiated cells was minor. In contrast, differentiation with exogenous Tumor necrosis factor resulted in increased immunogenic signatures, including increased expression of BST2, and decreased adipogenic signatures in cells from both depots. Our data, from 26 women, underscore the intrinsic differences between human visceral and subcutaneous adipose stem and progenitor cells, suggest that dysregulation of adipocytes in obesity mainly occurs at a post-progenitor stage, and highlight an inflammatory microenvironment as a major constraint of human adipogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Mathur
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and CMRC, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Neha Mathur, ; Mai C. K. Severinsen, ; Camilla Scheele,
| | - Mai C. K. Severinsen
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and CMRC, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Neha Mathur, ; Mai C. K. Severinsen, ; Camilla Scheele,
| | - Mette E. Jensen
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and CMRC, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Naver
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Maren Schrölkamp
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and CMRC, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthew J. Laye
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and CMRC, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthew J. Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Søren Nielsen
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and CMRC, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Krogh-Madsen
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and CMRC, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Klarlund Pedersen
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and CMRC, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Scheele
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and CMRC, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Neha Mathur, ; Mai C. K. Severinsen, ; Camilla Scheele,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu Y, Gu W. The complexity of p53-mediated metabolic regulation in tumor suppression. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 85:4-32. [PMID: 33785447 PMCID: PMC8473587 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the classic activities of p53 including induction of cell-cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis are well accepted as critical barriers to cancer development, accumulating evidence suggests that loss of these classic activities is not sufficient to abrogate the tumor suppression activity of p53. Numerous studies suggest that metabolic regulation contributes to tumor suppression, but the mechanisms by which it does so are not completely understood. Cancer cells rewire cellular metabolism to meet the energetic and substrate demands of tumor development. It is well established that p53 suppresses glycolysis and promotes mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation through a number of downstream targets against the Warburg effect. The role of p53-mediated metabolic regulation in tumor suppression is complexed by its function to promote both cell survival and cell death under different physiological settings. Indeed, p53 can regulate both pro-oxidant and antioxidant target genes for complete opposite effects. In this review, we will summarize the roles of p53 in the regulation of glucose, lipid, amino acid, nucleotide, iron metabolism, and ROS production. We will highlight the mechanisms underlying p53-mediated ferroptosis, AKT/mTOR signaling as well as autophagy and discuss the complexity of p53-metabolic regulation in tumor development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Liu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Wei Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rius-Pérez S, Pérez S, Toledano MB, Sastre J. p53 drives necroptosis via downregulation of sulfiredoxin and peroxiredoxin 3. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102423. [PMID: 36029648 PMCID: PMC9428851 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key contributor to necroptosis. We have investigated the contribution of p53, sulfiredoxin, and mitochondrial peroxiredoxin 3 to necroptosis in acute pancreatitis. Late during the course of pancreatitis, p53 was localized in mitochondria of pancreatic cells undergoing necroptosis. In mice lacking p53, necroptosis was absent, and levels of PGC-1α, peroxiredoxin 3 and sulfiredoxin were upregulated. During the early stage of pancreatitis, prior to necroptosis, sulfiredoxin was upregulated and localized into mitochondria. In mice lacking sulfiredoxin with pancreatitis, peroxiredoxin 3 was hyperoxidized, p53 localized in mitochondria, and necroptosis occurred faster; which was prevented by Mito-TEMPO. In obese mice, necroptosis occurred in pancreas and adipose tissue. The lack of p53 up-regulated sulfiredoxin and abrogated necroptosis in pancreas and adipose tissue from obese mice. We describe here a positive feedback between mitochondrial H2O2 and p53 that downregulates sulfiredoxin and peroxiredoxin 3 leading to necroptosis in inflammation and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rius-Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Michel B Toledano
- Oxidative Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Juan Sastre
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tanaka A, Imai T, Shimabukuro M, Taguchi I, Sezai A, Toyoda S, Watada H, Ako J, Node K. Association between serum insulin levels and heart failure-related parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure treated with canagliflozin: a post-hoc analysis of the randomized CANDLE trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:151. [PMID: 35941584 PMCID: PMC9358857 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are adversely associated with the development and worsening of heart failure (HF). Herein, we sought to investigate the effect of canagliflozin on insulin concentrations and the associations of changes in insulin concentrations with HF-related clinical parameters in patients with T2D and HF. Methods This was a post-hoc analysis of the investigator-initiated, multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled CANDLE trial for patients with T2D and chronic HF (UMIN000017669). The endpoints were the effects of 24 weeks of canagliflozin treatment, relative to glimepiride treatment, on insulin concentrations and the relationship between changes in insulin concentrations and clinical parameters of interest, including New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification. The effects of canagliflozin on those parameters were also analyzed by baseline insulin level. Results Among the participants in the CANDLE trial, a total of 129 patients (canagliflozin, n = 64; glimepiride, n = 65) who were non-insulin users with available serum insulin data both at baseline and week 24 were included in this analysis. Overall, the mean age was 69.0 ± 9.4 years; 75% were male; the mean HbA1c was 6.8 ± 0.7%; and the mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 59.0 ± 14.1%, with parameters roughly balanced between treatment groups. Canagliflozin treatment significantly reduced insulin concentrations at week 24 (p < 0.001), and the between-group difference (canagliflozin minus glimepiride) in those changes was − 3.52 mU/L (95% confidence interval, − 4.85 to − 2.19; p < 0.001). Decreases in insulin concentrations, irrespective of baseline insulin level, were significantly associated with improvement in NYHA class in patients treated with canagliflozin. Conclusion Our findings suggest that canagliflozin treatment in patients with T2D and HF ameliorated excess insulin overload, contributing to the improvement of clinical HF status. Trial registration: University Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry, number 000017669, Registered on May 25, 2015. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-022-01589-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Takumi Imai
- Department of Medical Statistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Isao Taguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Akira Sezai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Toyoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lin H, Chen X, Pan J, Ke J, Zhang A, Liu Y, Wang C, Chang ACY, Gu J. Secretion of miRNA-326-3p by senescent adipose exacerbates myocardial metabolism in diabetic mice. Lab Invest 2022; 20:278. [PMID: 35729559 PMCID: PMC9210699 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03484-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Adipose tissue homeostasis is at the heart of many metabolic syndromes such as diabetes. Previously it has been demonstrated that adipose tissues from diabetic patients are senescent but whether this contributes to diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains to be elucidated. Methods The streptozotocin (STZ) type 1 diabetic mice were established as animal model, and adult mouse ventricular myocytes (AMVMs) isolated by langendorff perfusion as well as neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes (NMVMs) were used as cell models. Senescent associated β galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and RT-qPCR were used to identify the presence of adipose senescence in diabetic adipose tissue. Senescent adipose were removed either by surgery or by senolytic treatment. Large extracellular vesicles (LEVs) derived from adipose tissue and circulation were separated by ultracentrifugation. Cardiac systolic and diastolic function was evaluated through cardiac ultrasound. Cardiomyocytes contraction function was evaluated by the Ionoptix HTS system and live cell imaging, mitochondrial morphology and functions were evaluated by transmission electron microscope, live cell fluorescent probe and seahorse analysis. RNA-seq for AMVMs and miRNA-seq for LEVs were performed, and bioinformatic analysis combined with RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to elucidate underlying mechanism that senescent adipose derives LEVs exacerbates myocardial metabolism. Results SA-β-gal staining and RT-qPCR identified the presence of adipose tissue senescence in STZ mice. Through surgical as well as pharmacological means we show that senescent adipose tissue participates in the pathogenesis of DCM in STZ mice by exacerbates myocardial metabolism through secretion of LEVs. Specifically, expression of miRNA-326-3p was up-regulated in LEVs isolated from senescent adipose tissue, circulation, and cardiomyocytes of STZ mice. Up-regulation of miRNA-326-3p coincided with myocardial transcriptomic changes in metabolism. Functionally, we demonstrate that miRNA-326-3p inhibited the expression of Rictor and resulted in impaired mitochondrial and contractile function in cardiomyocytes. Conclusion We demonstrate for the first time that senescent adipose derived LEVs exacerbates myocardial metabolism through up-regulated miRNA-326-3p which inhibits Rictor in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, reducing senescence burden in adipose tissue is capable of relieving myocardial metabolism disorder in diabetes mellitus. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03484-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahan Ke
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Alian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Alex Chia Yu Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kashiwagi Y, Nagoshi T, Ogawa K, Kawai M, Yoshimura M. Heart Failure Treatments Such As Angiotensin Receptor/Neprilysin Inhibitor Improve Heart Failure Status and Glucose Metabolism. Cureus 2022; 14:e22762. [PMID: 35371876 PMCID: PMC8971101 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent study suggested that angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI; sacubitril/valsartan) can improve functional capacity and cardiac reverse remodeling in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Another study suggested that ARNI reduced glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with diabetes and HFrEF; however, the details of its efficacy are unknown. We herein report a case of HFrEF with abnormal glucose metabolism in which ARNI was initiated. On the 7th day of admission (before the initiation of ARNI), blood tests showed an abnormal glucose metabolism as follows: fasting blood glucose 134 mg/dL; and fasting blood insulin 11.4 µU/mL (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index 3.77; homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β), 57.8%). On the 23rd day after the initiation of ARNI, even though the patient was not using hypoglycemic drugs, his fasting blood glucose markedly decreased to 70 mg/dL without hypoglycemic symptoms, and his fasting blood insulin decreased to 5.4 µU/mL (HOMA-IR decreased to 0.93, HOMA-β increased to 277.7%). These results imply that ARNI has the potential to improve insulin resistance and the islet beta-cell function in patients with heart failure, in addition to the original effect of improving the hemodynamics, although the effect of improving the glucose metabolism is also considered to have been influenced by the improvement of the heart failure status and other drugs that the patient was taking.
Collapse
|
17
|
Liao W, Xu N, Zhang H, Liao W, Wang Y, Wang S, Zhang S, Jiang Y, Xie W, Zhang Y. Persistent high glucose induced EPB41L4A-AS1 inhibits glucose uptake via GCN5 mediating crotonylation and acetylation of histones and non-histones. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e699. [PMID: 35184403 PMCID: PMC8858623 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent hyperglycemia decreases the sensitivity of insulin-sensitive organs to insulin, owing to which cells fail to take up and utilize glucose, which exacerbates the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). lncRNAs' abnormal expression is reported to be associated with the progression of diabetes and plays a significant role in glucose metabolism. Herein, we study the detailed mechanism underlying the functions of lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS1in T2DM. METHODS Data from GEO datasets were used to analyze the expression of EPB41L4A-AS1 between insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes patients and the healthy people. Gene expression was evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Glucose uptake was measured by Glucose Uptake Fluorometric Assay Kit. Glucose tolerance of mice was detected by Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests. Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The interaction between EPB41L4A-AS1 and GCN5 was explored by RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down and RNA-FISH combined immunofluorescence. Oxygen consumption rate was tested by Seahorse XF Mito Stress Test. RESULTS EPB41L4A-AS1 was abnormally increased in the liver of patients with T2DM and upregulated in the muscle cells of patients with insulin resistance and in T2DM cell models. The upregulation was associated with increased TP53 expression and reduced glucose uptake. Mechanistically, through interaction with GCN5, EPB41L4A-AS1 regulated histone H3K27 crotonylation in the GLUT4 promoter region and nonhistone PGC1β acetylation, which inhibited GLUT4 transcription and suppressed glucose uptake by muscle cells. In contrast, EPB41L4A-AS1 binding to GCN5 enhanced H3K27 and H3K14 acetylation in the TXNIP promoter region, which activated transcription by promoting the recruitment of the transcriptional activator MLXIP. This enhanced GLUT4/2 endocytosis and further suppressed glucose uptake. CONCLUSION Our study first showed that the EPB41L4A-AS1/GCN5 complex repressed glucose uptake via targeting GLUT4/2 and TXNIP by regulating histone and nonhistone acetylation or crotonylation. Since a weaker glucose uptake ability is one of the major clinical features of T2DM, the inhibition of EPB41L4A-AS1 expression seems to be a potentially effective strategy for drug development in T2DM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and TechnologyDivision of Life ScienceTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Naihan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and TechnologyDivision of Life ScienceTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Open FIESTA CenterTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Haowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and TechnologyDivision of Life ScienceTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Weifang Liao
- College of life science and technologyWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Yanzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and TechnologyDivision of Life ScienceTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Songmao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and TechnologyDivision of Life ScienceTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Shikuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and TechnologyDivision of Life ScienceTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Weidong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and TechnologyDivision of Life ScienceTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Open FIESTA CenterTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Yaou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and TechnologyDivision of Life ScienceTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Open FIESTA CenterTsinghua UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hsiao YT, Shimizu I, Yoshida Y, Minamino T. Role of circulating molecules in age-related cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Inflamm Regen 2022; 42:2. [PMID: 35012677 PMCID: PMC8744343 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-021-00187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies analyzing heterochronic parabiosis mice models showed that molecules in the blood of young mice rejuvenate aged mice. Therefore, blood-based therapies have become one of the therapeutic approaches to be considered for age-related diseases. Blood includes numerous biologically active molecules such as proteins, metabolites, hormones, miRNAs, etc. and accumulating evidence indicates some of these change their concentration with chronological aging or age-related disorders. The level of some circulating molecules showed a negative or positive correlation with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, or metabolic disorders. Through analyses of clinical/translation/basic research, some molecules were focused on as therapeutic targets. One approach is the supplementation of circulating anti-aging molecules. Favorable results in preclinical studies let some molecules to be tested in humans. These showed beneficial or neutral results, and some were inconsistent. Studies with rodents and humans indicate circulating molecules can be recognized as biomarkers or therapeutic targets mediating their pro-aging or anti-aging effects. Characterization of these molecules with aging, testing their biological effects, and finding mimetics of young systemic milieu continue to be an interesting and important research topic to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung Ting Hsiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
- Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan.
| | - Yohko Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
- Department of Advanced Senotherapeutics, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan.
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wu L, Sowers JR, Zhang Y, Ren J. OUP accepted manuscript. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 119:691-709. [PMID: 35576480 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) arise from a complex interplay among genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic abnormalities. Emerging evidence has recently consolidated the presence of robust DNA damage in a variety of cardiovascular disorders. DNA damage triggers a series of cellular responses termed DNA damage response (DDR) including detection of DNA lesions, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, cellular senescence, and apoptosis, in all organ systems including hearts and vasculature. Although transient DDR in response to temporary DNA damage can be beneficial for cardiovascular function, persistent activation of DDR promotes the onset and development of CVDs. Moreover, therapeutic interventions that target DNA damage and DDR have the potential to attenuate cardiovascular dysfunction and improve disease outcome. In this review, we will discuss molecular mechanisms of DNA damage and repair in the onset and development of CVDs, and explore how DDR in specific cardiac cell types contributes to CVDs. Moreover, we will highlight the latest advances regarding the potential therapeutic strategies targeting DNA damage signalling in CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - James R Sowers
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yoshida Y, Shimizu I, Minamino T. Capillaries as a Therapeutic Target for Heart Failure. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 29:971-988. [PMID: 35370224 PMCID: PMC9252615 DOI: 10.5551/jat.rv17064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prognosis of heart failure remains poor, and it is urgent to find new therapies for this critical condition. Oxygen and metabolites are delivered through capillaries; therefore, they have critical roles in the maintenance of cardiac function. With aging or age-related disorders, capillary density is reduced in the heart, and the mechanisms involved in these processes were reported to suppress capillarization in this organ. Studies with rodents showed capillary rarefaction has causal roles for promoting pathologies in failing hearts. Drugs used as first-line therapies for heart failure were also shown to enhance the capillary network in the heart. Recently, the approach with senolysis is attracting enthusiasm in aging research. Genetic or pharmacological approaches concluded that the specific depletion of senescent cells, senolysis, led to reverse aging phenotype. Reagents mediating senolysis are described to be senolytics, and these compounds were shown to ameliorate cardiac dysfunction together with enhancement of capillarization in heart failure models. Studies indicate maintenance of the capillary network as critical for inhibition of pathologies in heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohko Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMEDCREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen LL, Wang WJ. p53 regulates lipid metabolism in cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
22
|
Takahashi K, Mizukami H, Osonoi S, Takeuchi Y, Kudoh K, Sasaki T, Daimon M, Yagihashi S. Islet microangiopathy and augmented β-cell loss in Japanese non-obese type 2 diabetes patients who died of acute myocardial infarction. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:2149-2161. [PMID: 34032392 PMCID: PMC8668063 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Islets have microvessels that might develop pathological alterations similar to microangiopathy in type 2 diabetes patients. It remains unclear, however, whether the changes correlate with endocrine cell deficits or whether the presence of macroangiopathy influences the islet microvasculature in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients. In this study, we characterized changes of the islet microvessels and endocrine cells in Japanese non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes who died of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical profiles and islet pathology were examined for 35 diabetes patients who died of AMI (DM + AMI) and 13 diabetes patients who were free from AMI (DM). A total of 13 age-matched, individuals without diabetes who died of AMI and 16 individuals without diabetes who were free from AMI were also studied. Pancreata were subjected to morphometric evaluation of islets, including microvascular alterations of immunostained sections. RESULTS Body mass index in DM + AMI was comparable to those in DM. Compared with DM, DM + AMI showed greater glycated hemoglobin levels, higher prevalence of renal failure, hypertension, smaller β-cell volume density and greater amyloid area. DM + AMI showed an increased microvascular area and density compared with other groups. There was a significant increase in vascular basement membrane thickness and loss of pericytes in DM and DM + AMI compared with individuals without diabetes in each group, and the extent of thickening was correlated with the amyloid area and occurrence of β-cell loss in DM + AMI. CONCLUSIONS Islet microangiopathy was associated with augmented β-cell loss and amyloid deposition in non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetes patients who died of AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular MedicineHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
| | - Hiroki Mizukami
- Department of Pathology and Molecular MedicineHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
| | - Sho Osonoi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular MedicineHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
| | - Yuki Takeuchi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular MedicineHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Kudoh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular MedicineHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
| | - Takanori Sasaki
- Department of Pathology and Molecular MedicineHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
| | - Makoto Daimon
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
| | - Soroku Yagihashi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular MedicineHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki, AomoriJapan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen LL, Wang WJ. p53 regulates lipid metabolism in cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:45-54. [PMID: 34619274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reprogrammed cell metabolism is a well-accepted hallmark of cancer. Metabolism changes provide energy and precursors for macromolecule biosynthesis to satisfy the survival needs of cancer cells. The specific changes in different aspects of lipid metabolism in cancer cells have been focused in recent years. These changes can affect cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and motility through affecting membranes synthesis, energy homeostasis and cell signaling. The tumor suppressor p53 plays vital roles in the control of cell proliferation, senescence, DNA repair, and cell death in cancer through various transcriptional and non-transcriptional activities. Accumulating evidences indicate that p53 also regulates cellular metabolism, which appears to contribute to its tumor suppressive functions. Particularly the role of p53 in regulating lipid metabolism has gained more and more attention in recent decades. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the function of p53 on lipid metabolism in cancer. Further understanding and research on the role of p53 in lipid metabolism regulation will provide a potential therapeutic window for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Li Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Role of Oxidative Stress in the Senescence Pattern of Auditory Cells in Age-Related Hearing Loss. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091497. [PMID: 34573129 PMCID: PMC8464759 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is an increasing and gradual sensorineural hearing dysfunction. Oxidative stress is an essential factor in developing ARHL; additionally, premature senescence of auditory cells induced by oxidative stress can produce hearing loss. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) represents a method commonly used to generate cellular senescence in vitro. The objective of the present paper is to study H2O2-induced senescence patterns in three auditory cell lines (House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1, HEI-OC1; organ of Corti, OC-k3, and stria vascularis, SV-k1 cells) to elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms responsible for ARHL. The auditory cells were exposed to H2O2 at different concentrations and times. The results obtained show different responses of the hearing cells concerning cell growth, β-galactosidase activity, morphological changes, mitochondrial activation, levels of oxidative stress, and other markers of cell damage (Forkhead box O3a, FoxO3a, and 8-oxoguanine, 8-oxoG). Comparison between the responses of these auditory cells to H2O2 is a helpful method to evaluate the molecular mechanisms responsible for these auditory cells' senescence. Furthermore, this in vitro model could help develop anti-senescent therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AHRL.
Collapse
|
25
|
Nakao M, Shimizu I, Katsuumi G, Yoshida Y, Suda M, Hayashi Y, Ikegami R, Hsiao YT, Okuda S, Soga T, Minamino T. Empagliflozin maintains capillarization and improves cardiac function in a murine model of left ventricular pressure overload. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18384. [PMID: 34526601 PMCID: PMC8443662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97787-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes treated with Sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors show reduced mortality and hospitalization for heart failure (HF). SGLT2 inhibitors are considered to activate multiple cardioprotective pathways; however, underlying mechanisms are not fully described. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on the failing heart. We generated a left ventricular (LV) pressure overload model in C57BL/6NCrSlc mice by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and examined the effects of empagliflozin (EMPA) in this model. We conducted metabolome and transcriptome analyses and histological and physiological examinations. EMPA administration ameliorated pressure overload-induced systolic dysfunction. Metabolomic studies showed that EMPA increased citrulline levels in cardiac tissue and reduced levels of arginine, indicating enhanced metabolism from arginine to citrulline and nitric oxide (NO). Transcriptome suggested possible involvement of the insulin/AKT pathway that could activate NO production through phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Histological examination of the mice showed capillary rarefaction and endothelial apoptosis after TAC, both of which were significantly improved by EMPA treatment. This improvement was associated with enhanced expression phospho-eNOS and NO production in cardiac endothelial cells. NOS inhibition attenuated these cardioprotective effects of EMPA. The in vitro studies showed that catecholamine-induced endothelial apoptosis was inhibited by NO, arginine, or AKT activator. EMPA activates the AKT/eNOS/NO pathway, which helps to suppress endothelial apoptosis, maintain capillarization and improve systolic dysfunction during LV pressure overload.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Nakao
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Goro Katsuumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yohko Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Suda
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yuka Hayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Ikegami
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yung Ting Hsiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. .,Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ahumada-Castro U, Puebla-Huerta A, Cuevas-Espinoza V, Lovy A, Cardenas JC. Keeping zombies alive: The ER-mitochondria Ca 2+ transfer in cellular senescence. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119099. [PMID: 34274397 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence generates a permanent cell cycle arrest, characterized by apoptosis resistance and a pro-inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Physiologically, senescent cells promote tissue remodeling during development and after injury. However, when accumulated over a certain threshold as happens during aging or after cellular stress, senescent cells contribute to the functional decline of tissues, participating in the generation of several diseases. Cellular senescence is accompanied by increased mitochondrial metabolism. How mitochondrial function is regulated and what role it plays in senescent cell homeostasis is poorly understood. Mitochondria are functionally and physically coupled to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the major calcium (Ca2+) storage organelle in mammalian cells, through special domains known as mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs). In this domain, the release of Ca2+ from the ER is mainly regulated by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), a family of three Ca2+ release channels activated by a ligand (IP3). IP3R-mediated Ca2+ release is transferred to mitochondria through the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), where it modulates the activity of several enzymes and transporters impacting its bioenergetic and biosynthetic function. Here, we review the possible connection between ER to mitochondria Ca2+ transfer and senescence. Understanding the pathways that contribute to senescence is essential to reveal new therapeutic targets that allow either delaying senescent cell accumulation or reduce senescent cell burden to alleviate multiple diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Ahumada-Castro
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Andrea Puebla-Huerta
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Victor Cuevas-Espinoza
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Alenka Lovy
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience Research, Tufts School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Cesar Cardenas
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Karwi QG, Ho KL, Pherwani S, Ketema EB, Sun QY, Lopaschuk GD. Concurrent diabetes and heart failure: interplay and novel therapeutic approaches. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:686-715. [PMID: 33783483 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of developing heart failure, and the co-existence of both diseases worsens cardiovascular outcomes, hospitalization and the progression of heart failure. Despite current advancements on therapeutic strategies to manage hyperglycemia, the likelihood of developing diabetes-induced heart failure is still significant, especially with the accelerating global prevalence of diabetes and an ageing population. This raises the likelihood of other contributing mechanisms beyond hyperglycemia in predisposing diabetic patients to cardiovascular disease risk. There has been considerable interest in understanding the alterations in cardiac structure and function in the diabetic patients, collectively termed as "diabetic cardiomyopathy". However, the factors that contribute to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathies is not fully understood. This review summarizes the main characteristics of diabetic cardiomyopathies, and the basic mechanisms that contribute to its occurrence. This includes perturbations in insulin resistance, fuel preference, reactive oxygen species generation, inflammation, cell death pathways, neurohormonal mechanisms, advanced glycated end-products accumulation, lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity, and posttranslational modifications in the heart of the diabetic. This review also discusses the impact of antihyperglycemic therapies on the development of heart failure, as well as how current heart failure therapies influence glycemic control in diabetic patients. We also highlight the current knowledge gaps in understanding how diabetes induces heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qutuba G Karwi
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kim L Ho
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simran Pherwani
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ezra B Ketema
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qiu Yu Sun
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
SGLT2 inhibitors break the vicious circle between heart failure and insulin resistance: targeting energy metabolism. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:961-980. [PMID: 33713009 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) often coexists with insulin resistance (IR), and the incidence of HF in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients is significantly higher. The reciprocal relationship between HF and IR has long been recognized, and the integration complicates the therapy of both. A number of mechanisms ascribe to the progression of cardiac IR, in which the main factors are the shift of myocardial substrate metabolism. Studies have found that SGLT2 inhibitors, an anti-diabetic drug, can improve the cardiac prognosis of patients with T2DM, which may be at least partially due to the relief of cardiac IR. Basic and clinical studies have revealed the important role of cardiac IR in the pathogenesis and progression of HF, and studies suggest that energy metabolism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiac IR and HF. SGLT2 inhibitors mediated cardiovascular benefits through various mechanisms such as improving substrate utilization and improving myocardial energy. The regulation of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiac energy status including carbohydrates, fatty acids (FA), amino acids and ketones, ATP transfer to the cytoplasm, and mitochondrial functional status have received extensive attention in HF, but its specific mechanism of action is still unclear. Therefore, this article reviews the relationship between IR and HF from the perspective of energy metabolism; subsequently, targeting energy metabolism discusses the pivotal role of SGLT2 inhibitors in improving cardiac IR and HF based on basic and clinical research evidences, and sought to clarify the molecular mechanism involved. (Fig. 1).
Collapse
|
29
|
Takahara S, Ferdaoussi M, Srnic N, Maayah ZH, Soni S, Migglautsch AK, Breinbauer R, Kershaw EE, Dyck JRB. Inhibition of ATGL in adipose tissue ameliorates isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling by reducing adipose tissue inflammation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H432-H446. [PMID: 33185110 PMCID: PMC7847076 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00737.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Following cardiac injury, increased adrenergic drive plays an important role in compensating for reduced cardiac function. However, chronic excess adrenergic stimulation can be detrimental to cardiac pathophysiology and can also affect other organs including adipose tissue, leading to increased lipolysis. Interestingly, inhibition of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), a rate-limiting enzyme in lipolysis, in adipocytes ameliorates cardiac dysfunction in a heart failure model. Thus, we investigated whether inhibition of adipocyte ATGL can mitigate the adverse cardiac effects of chronic adrenergic stimulation and explored the underlying mechanisms. To do this, isoproterenol (ISO) was continuously administered to C57Bl/6N mice for 2 wk with or without an ATGL inhibitor (Atglistatin). We found that Atglistatin alleviated ISO-induced cardiac remodeling and reduced ISO-induced upregulation of galectin-3, a marker of activated macrophages and a potent inducer of fibrosis, in white adipose tissue (WAT), heart, and the circulation. To test whether the beneficial effects of Atglistatin occur via inhibition of adipocyte ATGL, adipocyte-specific ATGL knockout (atATGL-KO) mice were utilized for similar experiments. Subsequently, the same cardioprotective effects of atATGL-KO following ISO administration were observed. Furthermore, Atglistatin and atATGL-KO abolished ISO-induced galectin-3 secretion from excised WAT. We further demonstrated that activation of cardiac fibroblasts by the conditioned media of ISO-stimulated WAT is galectin-3-dependent. In conclusion, the inhibition of adipocyte ATGL ameliorated ISO-induced cardiac remodeling possibly by reducing galectin-3 secretion from adipose tissue. Thus, inhibition of adipocyte ATGL might be a potential target to prevent some of the adverse effects of chronic excess adrenergic drive.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The reduction of lipolysis by adipocyte ATGL inhibition ameliorates cardiac remodeling induced by chronic β-adrenergic stimulation likely via reducing galectin-3 secretion from adipose tissue. Our findings highlight that suppressing lipolysis in adipocytes may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with heart failure whose sympathetic nervous system is activated. Furthermore, galectin-3 might be involved in the mechanisms by which excessive lipolysis in adipose tissues influences remote cardiac pathologies and thus warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Takahara
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mourad Ferdaoussi
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nikola Srnic
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zaid H Maayah
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shubham Soni
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anna K Migglautsch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Rolf Breinbauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Erin E Kershaw
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jason R B Dyck
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Komatsu Y, Aoyama K, Yoneda M, Ito S, Sano Y, Kawai Y, Cui X, Yamada Y, Furukawa N, Ikeda K, Nagata K. Surgical ablation of whitened interscapular brown fat ameliorates cardiac pathology in salt-loaded metabolic syndrome rats. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1492:11-26. [PMID: 33340110 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an endocrine organ that contributes to thermogenesis and energy consumption. We investigated the effects of salt loading and surgical removal of whitened interscapular BAT (iBAT) on cardiac and adipose tissue pathology in DahlS.Z-Leprfa /Leprfa (DS/obese) rats, an animal model of metabolic syndrome (MetS). DS/obese rats were subjected to surgical removal of iBAT or sham surgery at 8 weeks of age and were provided with drinking water containing or not containing 0.3% NaCl for 4 weeks beginning at 9 weeks of age. Removal of iBAT suppressed the salt-induced exacerbation of left ventricular inflammation, fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction, but not that of hypertension development, in DS/obese rats. Salt loading attenuated adipocyte hypertrophy but enhanced inflammation in both visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) and iBAT. Although iBAT removal did not affect visceral WAT pathology in salt-loaded DS/obese rats, it attenuated the elevation of circulating interleukin-6 levels in these animals. Downregulation of uncoupling protein-1 expression in iBAT of DS/obese rats was not affected by salt loading. Our results suggest that the conversion of iBAT to WAT-like tissue contributes to a salt-induced elevation of circulating proinflammatory cytokine levels that leads to exacerbation of cardiac pathology in this model of MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Komatsu
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Aoyama
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mamoru Yoneda
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shogo Ito
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sano
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yumeno Kawai
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Xixi Cui
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yamada
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nozomi Furukawa
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsuhide Ikeda
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kohzo Nagata
- Pathophysiology Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang H, Wan X, Pilch PF, Ellisen LW, Fried SK, Liu L. An AMPK-dependent, non-canonical p53 pathway plays a key role in adipocyte metabolic reprogramming. eLife 2020; 9:63665. [PMID: 33320092 PMCID: PMC7758072 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been known adipocytes increase p53 expression and activity in obesity, however, only canonical p53 functions (i.e. senescence and apoptosis) are attributed to inflammation-associated metabolic phenotypes. Whether or not p53 is directly involved in mature adipocyte metabolic regulation remains unclear. Here we show p53 protein expression can be up-regulated in adipocytes by nutrient starvation without activating cell senescence, apoptosis, or a death-related p53 canonical pathway. Inducing the loss of p53 in mature adipocytes significantly reprograms energy metabolism and this effect is primarily mediated through a AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway and a novel downstream transcriptional target, lysosomal acid lipase (LAL). The pathophysiological relevance is further demonstrated in a conditional and adipocyte-specific p53 knockout mouse model. Overall, these data support a non-canonical p53 function in the regulation of adipocyte energy homeostasis and indicate that the dysregulation of this pathway may be involved in developing metabolic dysfunction in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston, United States
| | - Xueping Wan
- Departments of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston, United States
| | - Paul F Pilch
- Biochemistry, Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston, United States
| | - Leif W Ellisen
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Susan K Fried
- Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Libin Liu
- Departments of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
The Intricate Role of p53 in Adipocyte Differentiation and Function. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122621. [PMID: 33297294 PMCID: PMC7762213 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For more than three decades, numerous studies have demonstrated the function of p53 in cell cycle, cellular senescence, autophagy, apoptosis, and metabolism. Among diverse functions, the essential role of p53 is to maintain cellular homeostatic response to stress by regulating proliferation and apoptosis. Recently, adipocytes have been studied with increasing intensity owing to the increased prevalence of metabolic diseases posing a serious public health concern and because metabolic dysfunction can directly induce tumorigenesis. The prevalence of metabolic diseases has steadily increased worldwide, and a growing interest in these diseases has led to the focus on the role of p53 in metabolism and adipocyte differentiation with or without metabolic stress. However, our collective understanding of the direct role of p53 in adipocyte differentiation and function remains insufficient. Therefore, this review focuses on the newly discovered roles of p53 in adipocyte differentiation and function.
Collapse
|
33
|
Nomura S, Komuro I. Precision medicine for heart failure based on molecular mechanisms: The 2019 ISHR Research Achievement Award Lecture. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 152:29-39. [PMID: 33275937 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of death, and the number of patients with heart failure continues to increase worldwide. To realize precision medicine for heart failure, its underlying molecular mechanisms must be elucidated. In this review summarizing the "The Research Achievement Award Lecture" of the 2019 XXIII ISHR World Congress held in Beijing, China, we would like to introduce our approaches for investigating the molecular mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy, development, and failure, as well as discuss future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seitaro Nomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kahoul Y, Oger F, Montaigne J, Froguel P, Breton C, Annicotte JS. Emerging Roles for the INK4a/ARF ( CDKN2A) Locus in Adipose Tissue: Implications for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091350. [PMID: 32971832 PMCID: PMC7563355 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides its role as a cell cycle and proliferation regulator, the INK4a/ARF (CDKN2A) locus and its associated pathways are thought to play additional functions in the control of energy homeostasis. Genome-wide association studies in humans and rodents have revealed that single nucleotide polymorphisms in this locus are risk factors for obesity and related metabolic diseases including cardiovascular complications and type-2 diabetes (T2D). Recent studies showed that both p16INK4a-CDK4-E2F1/pRB and p19ARF-P53 (p14ARF in humans) related pathways regulate adipose tissue (AT) physiology and adipocyte functions such as lipid storage, inflammation, oxidative activity, and cellular plasticity (browning). Targeting these metabolic pathways in AT emerged as a new putative therapy to alleviate the effects of obesity and prevent T2D. This review aims to provide an overview of the literature linking the INK4a/ARF locus with AT functions, focusing on its mechanisms of action in the regulation of energy homeostasis.
Collapse
|
35
|
Yamada T, Kamiya M, Higuchi M. Breed differences in macrophage infiltration and senescence state in adipose tissues of Wagyu and Holsteins. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13443. [PMID: 32779259 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Obesity stimulates the macrophage infiltration and senescence state in adipose tissues of humans and rodents. The adipogenesis capacity of Japanese Black cattle (Wagyu) is higher than that of Holsteins. We hypothesized that breed differences between Wagyu and Holsteins may affect the level of macrophage infiltration and senescence state in adipose tissues. The macrophage infiltration, senescence marker gene expression and activity of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-βgal) in visceral and intramuscular adipose tissue of Wagyu were higher than those of Holsteins. In contrast, there were no differences in macrophage infiltration, senescence marker gene expression and activity of SA-βgal in subcutaneous adipose tissue between the breeds. Expression of p53 gene, the master regulator of macrophage infiltration and senescence state, in visceral and intramuscular adipose tissue of Wagyu was higher than that of Holsteins. In contrast, there was no difference in the expression of p53 gene in subcutaneous adipose tissue between the breeds. These results suggest that breed differences in macrophage infiltration and senescence state in adipose tissues of Wagyu and Holsteins are affected by p53 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Yamada
- Division of Livestock Feeding and Management, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Nasushiobara-shi, Japan
| | - Mituru Kamiya
- Division of Livestock Feeding and Management, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Nasushiobara-shi, Japan
| | - Mikito Higuchi
- Division of Livestock Feeding and Management, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Nasushiobara-shi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhou Z, Moore TM, Drew BG, Ribas V, Wanagat J, Civelek M, Segawa M, Wolf DM, Norheim F, Seldin MM, Strumwasser AR, Whitney KA, Lester E, Reddish BR, Vergnes L, Reue K, Rajbhandari P, Tontonoz P, Lee J, Mahata SK, Hewitt SC, Shirihai O, Gastonbury C, Small KS, Laakso M, Jensen J, Lee S, Drevon CA, Korach KS, Lusis AJ, Hevener AL. Estrogen receptor α controls metabolism in white and brown adipocytes by regulating Polg1 and mitochondrial remodeling. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaax8096. [PMID: 32759275 PMCID: PMC8212422 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax8096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is heightened during aging, and although the estrogen receptor α (ERα) has been implicated in the prevention of obesity, its molecular actions in adipocytes remain inadequately understood. Here, we show that adipose tissue ESR1/Esr1 expression inversely associated with adiposity and positively associated with genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism and markers of metabolic health in 700 Finnish men and 100 strains of inbred mice from the UCLA Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel. To determine the anti-obesity actions of ERα in fat, we selectively deleted Esr1 from white and brown adipocytes in mice. In white adipose tissue, Esr1 controlled oxidative metabolism by restraining the targeted elimination of mitochondria via the E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin. mtDNA content was elevated, and adipose tissue mass was reduced in adipose-selective parkin knockout mice. In brown fat centrally involved in body temperature maintenance, Esr1 was requisite for both mitochondrial remodeling by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and uncoupled respiration thermogenesis by uncoupled protein 1 (Ucp1). In both white and brown fat of female mice and adipocytes in culture, mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of Esr1 deletion was paralleled by a reduction in the expression of the mtDNA polymerase γ subunit Polg1 We identified Polg1 as an ERα target gene by showing that ERα binds the Polg1 promoter to control its expression in 3T3L1 adipocytes. These findings support strategies leveraging ERα action on mitochondrial function in adipocytes to combat obesity and metabolic dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqi Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Timothy M Moore
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brian G Drew
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Vicent Ribas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan Wanagat
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mete Civelek
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mayuko Segawa
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dane M Wolf
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Frode Norheim
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander R Strumwasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kate A Whitney
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ellen Lester
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Britany R Reddish
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Howard Hughes Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Howard Hughes Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jason Lee
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sushil K Mahata
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sylvia C Hewitt
- Receptor Biology Section, NIEHS, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Orian Shirihai
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Craig Gastonbury
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE17EH, UK
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE17EH, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Jorgen Jensen
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Science, Oslo 0806, Norway
| | - Sindre Lee
- University Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Christian A Drevon
- University Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Receptor Biology Section, NIEHS, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andrea L Hevener
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Iris Cantor-UCLA Women's Health Research Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang D, Yang X, Yu X. Letter by Wang et al Regarding Article, "A Novel Role of Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 10A in Pathological Cardiac Remodeling and Dysfunction". Circulation 2020; 142:e34-e35. [PMID: 32687447 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.046614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daxin Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China (D.W., X. Yang)
| | - Xinquan Yang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China (D.W., X. Yang).,Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (X. Yang)
| | - Xingyu Yu
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Province, China (X. Yu)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
The role of adipose tissue senescence in obesity- and ageing-related metabolic disorders. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:315-330. [PMID: 31998947 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue as the largest energy reservoir and endocrine organ is essential for maintenance of systemic glucose, lipid and energy homeostasis, but these metabolic functions decline with ageing and obesity. Adipose tissue senescence is one of the common features in obesity and ageing. Although cellular senescence is a defensive mechanism preventing tumorigenesis, its occurrence in adipose tissue causatively induces defective adipogenesis, inflammation, aberrant adipocytokines production and insulin resistance, leading to adipose tissue dysfunction. In addition to these paracrine effects, adipose tissue senescence also triggers systemic inflammation and senescence as well as insulin resistance in the distal metabolic organs, resulting in Type 2 diabetes and other premature physiological declines. Multiple cell types including mature adipocytes, immune cells, endothelial cells and progenitor cells gradually senesce at different levels in different fat depots with ageing and obesity, highlighting the heterogeneity and complexity of adipose tissue senescence. In this review, we discuss the causes and consequences of adipose tissue senescence, and the major cell types responsible for adipose tissue senescence in ageing and obesity. In addition, we summarize the pharmacological approaches and lifestyle intervention targeting adipose tissue senescence for the treatment of obesity- and ageing-related metabolic diseases.
Collapse
|
39
|
Long-term atorvastatin or the combination of atorvastatin and nicotinamide ameliorate insulin resistance and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in a murine model of obesity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 402:115132. [PMID: 32659285 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Current studies aimed at investigating the association between atorvastatin therapy and insulin resistance (IR) appear to be controversial. IR is considered to be an important contributor to inducing cardiac dysfunction through multiple signals. The paradoxical cardiotoxicity of atorvastatin reported under different conditions suggests that the association between atorvastatin treatment, insulin resistance and cardiac function should be clarified further. In this study, C57BL/6 J male mice were fed a high-fat diet (HD) or standard chow diet (SD) for 12 weeks and subsequently randomly divided into four groups: the SD-Control (SD-C) and HD-Control (HD-C) groups treated with saline for 10 months and the HD-A and HD-A + N groups treated with atorvastatin (20 mg/kg/day) alone or atorvastatin combined with nicotinamide (NAM, 1 g/kg/day) for 10 months. Although no significant changes in systolic function and structure were observed between the four groups of mice at an age of 46 or 58 weeks, respectively, long-term treatment with atorvastatin alone or atorvastatin and NAM combination significantly retarded the HD-induced IR and diastolic dysfunction and attenuated both cardiac and hepatic fibrosis in obese mice possibly by regulating the cleavage of osteopontin and then controlling profibrotic activity. Changes in cardiac function and structure were similar between the HD-A and HD-A + N groups; however, mice in the HD-A + N group exhibited better glucose control and marked reduction in body weight and hepatic lipid accumulation. Thus, these results suggest that long-term treatment with atorvastatin or the combination of atorvastatin and nicotinamide may be alternative therapies due to their beneficial effects on IR and diastolic function.
Collapse
|
40
|
Ren GF, Xiao LL, Ma XJ, Yan YS, Jiao PF. Metformin Decreases Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes Through Regulating p53 and RAP2A in vitro and in vivo. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:2381-2392. [PMID: 32606605 PMCID: PMC7306576 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s249557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are associated with a high risk of multiple complications, so the development of T1D treatment is urgently needed. This study was set out to explore the molecular mechanism of metformin in the treatment of T1D insulin resistance. Patients and Methods Subcutaneous adipose tissues were collected from 68 T1D patients and 51 healthy controls. Insulin resistance model rats and cells were constructed and treated with metformin respectively. Western blot was used to detect p53 and RAP2A protein levels, and qPCR was utilized to measure p53 and RAP2A mRNA levels. SiRNA and RAP2A siRNA vectors were constructed to observe their effects on insulin resistance model cells. Results In T1D, p53 was up-regulated, while RAP2A was down-regulated. Metformin could effectively improve insulin resistance and inflammatory response while down-regulating p53 and up-regulating RAP2A. P53 induced insulin resistance and inflammatory response by inhibiting RAP2A and promoted apoptosis. Conclusion Metformin improves T1D insulin resistance and inflammatory response through p53/RAP2A pathway, and the regulation of p53/RAP2A pathway is conducive to improving the efficacy of metformin in the treatment of insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Fei Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Shan Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Jiao
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lyu J, Li Z, Wei H, Liu D, Chi X, Gong DW, Zhao Q. A potent risk model for predicting new-onset acute coronary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Northwest China. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:705-713. [PMID: 32008161 PMCID: PMC7220880 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is now very prevalent in China. Due to the lower rate of controlled diabetes in China compared to that in developed countries, there is a higher incidence of serious cardiovascular complications, especially acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The aim of this study was to establish a potent risk predictive model in the economically disadvantaged northwest region of China, which could predict the probability of new-onset ACS in patients with T2DM. METHODS Of 456 patients with T2DM admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2018 to January 2019 and included in this study, 270 had no ACS, while 186 had newly diagnosed ACS. Overall, 32 demographic characteristics and serum biomarkers of the study patients were analysed. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was used to select variables, while the multivariate logistic regression was used to establish the predictive model that was presented using a nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the discriminatory capacity of the model. A calibration plot and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used for the calibration of the predictive model, while the decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate its clinical validity. RESULTS After random sampling, 319 and 137 T2DM patients were included in the training and validation sets, respectively. The predictive model included age, body mass index, diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum uric acid, lipoprotein(a), hypertension history and alcohol drinking status as predictors. The AUC of the predictive model and that of the internal validation set was 0.830 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.786-0.874] and 0.827 (95% CI 0.756-0.899), respectively. The predictive model showed very good fitting degree, and DCA demonstrated a clinically effective predictive model. CONCLUSIONS A potent risk predictive model was established, which is of great value for the secondary prevention of diabetes. Weight loss, lowering of SBP and blood uric acid levels and appropriate control for DBP may significantly reduce the risk of new-onset ACS in T2DM patients in Northwest China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lyu
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiying Li
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huiyi Wei
- The Second Affiliated Middle School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxian Chi
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Da-Wei Gong
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21201, USA
| | - Qingbin Zhao
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Takada S, Sabe H, Kinugawa S. Abnormalities of Skeletal Muscle, Adipocyte Tissue, and Lipid Metabolism in Heart Failure: Practical Therapeutic Targets. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:79. [PMID: 32478098 PMCID: PMC7235191 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases, including heart failure (HF), are often accompanied with skeletal muscle abnormalities in both quality and quantity, which are the major cause of impairment of the activities of daily living and quality of life. We have shown that skeletal muscle abnormalities are a hallmark of HF, in which metabolic pathways involving phosphocreatine and fatty acids are largely affected. Not only in HF, but the dysfunction of fatty acid metabolism may also occur in many chronic diseases, such as arteriosclerosis, as well as through insufficient physical exercise. Decreased fatty acid catabolism affects adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in mitochondria, via decreased activity of the tricarboxylic acid cycle; and may cause abnormal accumulation of adipose tissue accompanied with hyperoxidation and ectopic lipid deposition. Such impairments of lipid metabolism are in turn detrimental to skeletal muscle, which is hence a chicken-and-egg problem between skeletal muscle and HF. In this review, we first discuss skeletal muscle abnormalities in HF, including sarcopenia; particularly their association with lipid metabolism and adipose tissue. On the other hand, the precise mechanisms involved in metabolic reprogramming and dysfunction are beginning to be understood, and an imbalance of daily nutritional intake of individuals has been found to be a causative factor for the development and worsening of HF. Physical exercise has long been known to be beneficial for the prevention and even treatment of HF. Again, the molecular mechanisms by which exercise promotes skeletal muscle as well as cardiac muscle functions are being clarified by recent studies. We propose that it is now the time to develop more “natural” methods to prevent and treat HF, rather than merely relying on drugs and medical interventions. Further analysis of the basic design of and molecular mechanisms involved in the human body, particularly the inextricable association between physical exercise and the integrity and functional plasticity of skeletal and cardiac muscles is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Takada
- Faculty of Lifelong Sport, Department of Sports Education, Hokusho University, Ebetsu, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisataka Sabe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kintscher U, Foryst-Ludwig A, Haemmerle G, Zechner R. The Role of Adipose Triglyceride Lipase and Cytosolic Lipolysis in Cardiac Function and Heart Failure. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2020; 1:100001. [PMID: 33205054 PMCID: PMC7659492 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. New therapeutic concepts are urgently required to lower the burden of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), the two major forms of heart failure. Lipolytic processes are induced during the development of heart failure and occur in adipose tissue and multiple organs, including the heart. Increasing evidence suggests that cellular lipolysis, in particular, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) activity, has an important function in cardiac (patho)physiology. This review summarizes the crucial role of cellular lipolysis for normal cardiac function and for the development of HFrEF and HFpEF. We discuss the most relevant pre-clinical studies and elaborate on the cardiac consequences of non-myocardial and myocardial lipolysis modulation. Finally, we critically analyze the therapeutic importance of pharmacological ATGL inhibition as a potential treatment option for HFrEF and/or HFpEF in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Kintscher
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
- Corresponding author
| | - Anna Foryst-Ludwig
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Guenter Haemmerle
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Zechner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Einstein BIH Visiting Fellow, Berlin Institute of Health, and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kadkhoda G, Zarkesh M, Saidpour A, Oghaz MH, Hedayati M, Khalaj A. Association of dietary intake of fruit and green vegetables with PTEN and P53 mRNA gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese and non-obese adults. Gene 2020; 733:144353. [PMID: 31978509 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the association of dietary intake of fruit and green Vegetables with PTEN and P53 mRNA gene expression in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT) of obese and non-obese adults. METHODS VAT and SAT were obtained from 151 individuals, aged ~40 years, who had undergone elective abdominal surgery. The participants were grouped according to their body mass index (BMI), as obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2) and non-obese (BMI = 18.5-30 kg/m2). Dietary intakes were obtained using a valid and reliable food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Real-time PCR was carried out for PTEN and P53 mRNA expressions. Associations between expression levels and dietary parameters were analyzed. RESULTS P53 mRNA expression of obese participants was significantly higher than the non-obese, only in VAT (p < 0.001). After adjusting for total energy intake, age and BMI, fruit intake was inversely associated with P53 gene expression in both VAT (β = -0.38, P = 0.01) and SAT (β = -0.35, P = 0.03) among non-obese participants. Furthermore, fruit consumption was inversely associated with P53 gene expression in obese individuals, only in VAT (β = -0.21, P = 0.05). More so, intake of green vegetables in obese subjects was negatively associated with P53 gene expression in VAT (β = -0.27, P = 0.01) and SAT (β = -0.28, P < 0.001). On the other hand, after adjustment for total energy intake, age and BMI, a positive association was observed between fruit intake and PTEN in VAT (β = 0.27, P = 0.01) and SAT (β = 0.34, P < 0.001) among obese participants. In addition, dietary consumption of fruits in non-obese individuals was negatively associated withPTEN expression in SAT (β = -0.48, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Dietary intake of fruit and green vegetables was associated with P53 gene expression in VAT and SAT of obese participants, suggesting their protective role in regulating P53 mRNA expression in adipose tissue. Furthermore, higher fruit intake was inversely associated with PTEN mRNA levels in non-obese participants, implying the anti-adipogenic role of PTEN gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golnoosh Kadkhoda
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarkesh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Atoosa Saidpour
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Hajizadeh Oghaz
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Khalaj
- Tehran Obesity Treatment Center, Department of Surgery, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Shimizu I, Minamino T. Cellular Senescence in Arterial Diseases. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:79-91. [PMID: 32821723 PMCID: PMC7379072 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-proliferation potency is limited, as cells cannot proceed through the cell cycle continually. Instead, they eventually show an irreversible arrest of proliferation, commonly referred to as cellular senescence. Following the initial discovery of this phenomenon by Hayflick et al., studies have indicated that cells are also destined to undergo aging. In addition to the irreversible termination of proliferation, senescent cells are characterized by a flattened and enlarged morphology. Senescent cells become pro-inflammatory and contribute to the initiation and maintenance of sustained chronic sterile inflammation. Aging is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells in the cardiovascular system, and in general these cells are considered to be pathogenic because they mediate vascular remodeling. Recently, genetic and pharmacological approaches have enabled researchers to eliminate senescent cells both in vitro and in vivo. The term “senolysis” is now used to refer to the depletion of senescent cells, and evidence indicates that senolysis contributes to the reversal of age-related pathogenic phenotypes without the risk of tumorigenesis. The concept of senolysis has opened new avenues in research on aging, and senolysis may be a promising therapeutic approach for combating age-related disorders, including arterial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Doi T, Nakata T, Noto T, Mita T, Yuda S, Hashimoto A. Paradoxical Prognostic Implications of Visceral Adiposity for Lethal Cardiac Events in Association with Impaired Cardiac Sympathetic Innervation in Chronic Heart Failure. ANNALS OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY 2020; 6:15-26. [PMID: 37123490 PMCID: PMC10133937 DOI: 10.17996/anc.20-00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Obesity increases the risk for development of heart failure (HF) but, when present is likely to be related to better outcomes in patients with HF. This study aimed to clarify the paradoxical prognostic values of visceral obesity in association with cardiac sympathetic function in HF patients. Methods and Results: A total of 653 consecutive patients with systolic HF who underwent visceral adiposity area (VAA) measurements using a computed tomographic technique were divided into 3 groups: VAA 1, area <80 cm2; VAA 2, area 80-140 cm2; VAA 3, area >140 cm2. Sympathetic innervation was quantified by 123I-MIBG cardiac activity. Patients were followed up for an average of 22 months with a primary endpoint of lethal cardiac events (CE). The CE group (n=200) had a lower late heart-to mediastinum ratio (HMR) and a smaller VAA than those in the non-CE group. Rates of overall CE/HF death were inversely correlated with VAA: 39.2% ± 6.2% for VAA 1, 27.4% ± 19.9% for VAA 2 and 24.1% ± 15.3% for VAA 3. In addition to sudden cardiac death rate, lethal arrhythmic event rate increased in association with visceral fat obesity: 3.0% for VAA 1, 7.5% for VAA 2 and 8.8% for VAA 3. Late HMR identified high-risk sub-populations in each group. Conclusion: Visceral obesity has paradoxical prognostic implications in terms of HF mortality and lethal arrhythmic/sudden cardiac death events. Cardiac sympathetic denervation and quantitative visceral adiposity are synergistically associated with overall cardiac mortality, contributing to better risk stratification of HF patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Doi
- Department of Cardiology, Teine Kijinkai Hospital, Japan
- Reprint requests and correspondence: Takahiro Doi, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 12-1-40 Maeda 1jo, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 006-0711, Japan / E-mail:
| | - Tomoaki Nakata
- Department of Cardiology, Hakodate Goryokaku Hospital, Japan
| | - Takahiro Noto
- Department of Cardiology, Teine Kijinkai Hospital, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Mita
- Department of Cardiology, Teine Kijinkai Hospital, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yuda
- Department of Cardiology, Teine Kijinkai Hospital, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hashimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Capurso C, Bellanti F, Lo Buglio A, Vendemiale G. The Mediterranean Diet Slows Down the Progression of Aging and Helps to Prevent the Onset of Frailty: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010035. [PMID: 31877702 PMCID: PMC7019245 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging population is rapidly increasing all over the world. This results in significant implications for the planning and provision of health and social care. Aging is physiologically characterized by a decrease in lean mass, bone mineral density and, to a lesser extent, fat mass. The onset of sarcopenia leads to weakness and a further decrease in physical activity. An insufficient protein intake, which we often observe in patients of advanced age, certainly accelerates the progression of sarcopenia. In addition, many other factors (e.g., insulin resistance, impaired protein digestion and absorption of amino acids) reduce the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis in the elderly, even if the protein intake is adequate. Inadequate intake of foods can also cause micronutrient deficiencies that contribute to the development of frailty. We know that a healthy eating style in middle age predisposes to so-called "healthy and successful" aging, which is the condition of the absence of serious chronic diseases or of an important decline in cognitive or physical functions, or mental health. The Mediterranean diet is recognized to be a "healthy food" dietary pattern; high adherence to this dietary pattern is associated with a lower incidence of chronic diseases and lower physical impairment in old age. The aim of our review was to analyze observational studies (cohort and case-control studies) that investigated the effects of following a healthy diet, and especially the effect of adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD), on the progression of aging and on onset of frailty.
Collapse
|
48
|
Santos-Ferreira D, Gonçalves-Teixeira P, Fontes-Carvalho R. SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure and Type-2 Diabetes: Hitting Two Birds with One Stone? Cardiology 2019; 145:311-320. [DOI: 10.1159/000504694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and heart failure (HF) have a tremendous impact worldwide, markedly reducing life-expectancy and quality of life. It is now known that each disease represents a risk factor for the other. Moreover, when they are combined, the prognosis is significantly worse. Until recently, these pathologies have been managed independently. However, their treatment paradigm is rapidly changing, with recent cardiovascular outcome trials showing that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) are effective in the management of both diseases. This article explores the interactions between T2DM and HF and the concept of diabetic cardiomyopathy and summarizes recent data regarding the effects of SGLT-2i on HF hospitalization and the proposed pathophysiological mechanisms involved.
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhang D, Ma M, Liu Y. Protective Effects of Incretin Against Age-Related Diseases. Curr Drug Deliv 2019; 16:793-806. [PMID: 31622202 DOI: 10.2174/1567201816666191010145029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Incretin contains two peptides named glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) and glucose-dependent
insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Drug therapy using incretin has become a new strategy for diabetic
treatments due to its significant effects on improving insulin receptors and promoting insulinotropic
secretion. Considering the fact that diabetes millitus is a key risk factor for almost all age-related diseases,
the extensive protective roles of incretin in chronic diseases have received great attention. Based
on the evidence from animal experiments, where incretin can protect against the pathophysiological
processes of neurodegenerative diseases, clinical trials for the treatments of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
and Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients are currently ongoing. Moreover, the protective effect of incretin
on heart has been observed in cardiac myocytes, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells of vessels.
Meanwhile, incretin can also inhibit the proliferation of aortic vascular smooth muscle cells, which can
induce atherosclerogenesis. Incretin is also beneficial for diabetic microvascular complications, including
nephropathy, retinopathy and gastric ulcer, as well as the hepatic-related diseases such as NAFLD
and NASH. Besides, the anti-tumor properties of incretin have been proven in diverse cancers including
ovarian cancer, pancreas cancer, prostate cancer and breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Chemistry Department, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Mingzhu Ma
- Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yueze Liu
- Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lee MY, Leonardi A, Begley TJ, Melendez JA. Loss of epitranscriptomic control of selenocysteine utilization engages senescence and mitochondrial reprogramming ☆. Redox Biol 2019; 28:101375. [PMID: 31765888 PMCID: PMC6904832 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Critically important to the maintenance of the glutathione (GSH) redox cycle are the activities of many selenocysteine-containing GSH metabolizing enzymes whose translation is controlled by the epitranscriptomic writer alkylation repair homolog 8 (ALKBH8). ALKBH8 is a tRNA methyltransferase that methylates the wobble uridine of specific tRNAs to regulate the synthesis of selenoproteins. Here we demonstrate that a deficiency in the writer ALKBH8 (Alkbh8def), alters selenoprotein levels and engages senescence, regulates stress response genes and promotes mitochondrial reprogramming. Alkbh8def mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) increase many hallmarks of senescence, including senescence associated β-galactosidase, heterocromatic foci, the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p16Ink4a, markers of mitochondrial dynamics as well as the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Alkbh8def cells also acquire a stress resistance phenotype that is accompanied by an increase in a number redox-modifying transcripts. In addition, Alkbh8def MEFs undergo a metabolic shift that is highlighted by a striking increase in the level of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) which enhances oxygen consumption and promotes a reliance on glycolytic metabolism. Finally, we have shown that the Alkbh8 deficiency can be exploited and corresponding MEFs are killed by glycolytic inhibition. Our work demonstrates that defects in an epitransciptomic writer promote senescence and mitochondrial reprogramming and unveils a novel adaptive mechanism for coping with defects in selenocysteine utilization. Deficiencies in selenocysteine utilization engages cellular senescence and the senescence associated secretory phenotype. Alkbh8 deficiency promotes mitochondrial elongation, increased oxygen consumption and a reliance on glycolytic metabolism. Cellular adaptions to Alkbh8 deficiency confer stress resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May Y Lee
- Nanobioscience Constellation, Colleges of Nanoscale Science & Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Rd., Albany, NY, 12203, USA
| | - Andrea Leonardi
- Nanobioscience Constellation, Colleges of Nanoscale Science & Engineering, University at Albany, 257 Fuller Rd., Albany, NY, 12203, USA
| | - Thomas J Begley
- Nanobioscience Constellation, Colleges of Nanoscale Science & Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Rd., Albany, NY, 12203, USA; Nanobioscience Constellation, Colleges of Nanoscale Science & Engineering, University at Albany, 257 Fuller Rd., Albany, NY, 12203, USA; The RNA Institute, College of Arts & Sciences, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - J Andrés Melendez
- Nanobioscience Constellation, Colleges of Nanoscale Science & Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Rd., Albany, NY, 12203, USA.
| |
Collapse
|