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Xiao Y, He J, Guo X, Zheng X, Zhu Z, Zhou Q, Liao X, Chen D. Transcriptomic profiling revealed immune-related signaling pathways in response to experimental infection of Leishmania donovani in two desert lizards from Northwest China. Dev Comp Immunol 2024; 156:105173. [PMID: 38548000 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about the immune response of lizards to Leishmania parasties. In this study, we conducted the first liver transcriptome analysis of two lizards (Phrynocephalus przewalskii and Eremias multiocellata) challenged with L. donovani, endemic to the steppe desert region of northwestern China. Our results revealed that multiple biological processes and immune-related signaling pathways are closely associated with the immune response to experimental L. donovani infection in the two lizards, and that both lizards show similar changes to mammals in terms of immunity to Leishmania. However, the interspecific divergence of the two lizards leads to different transcriptomic changes. In particular, in contrast to P. przewalskii, the challenged E. mutltiocellata was characterized by the induction of down-regulation of most DEGs. These findings will contribute to the scarce resources on lizard immunity and provide a reference for further research on immune mechanisms in reptiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Xiao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinlei He
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xianguang Guo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoting Zheng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zheying Zhu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuechun Liao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dali Chen
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Zhang L, Jia X, Zhao Y, Wang H, Peng B, Zhang P, Zhao M. Spatio-temporal characteristics and driving mechanism of land degradation sensitivity in Northwest China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 918:170403. [PMID: 38307282 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Northwest China has been experiencing severe land degradation for a long time due to various natural and social elements. Evaluating and analyzing the process of occurrence and driving mechanism of land degradation sensitivity in this area is crucial for enhancing the local ecological environment. In this study, 18 social and environmental elements were used to construct a land degradation sensitivity index (LDSI) evaluation system in the area from vegetation, climate, management, soil, and geomorphology five factors. The spatio-temporal characteristics of LDSI in Northwest China from 2000 to 2020 were evaluated on the basis of analyzing the developmental changes of each factor. Correlation analysis and multiscale geographical weighting regression (MGWR) were used to reveal the driving mechanism of land degradation sensitivity. The results indicated a high level of land degradation sensitivity in Northwest China, with >66 % of the area (190.96 × 104 km2) in the critical sensitive class from 2000 to 2020. But the land degradation sensitivity decreased in 18.52 % of the area (53.58 × 104 km2) from 2000 to 2020, the overall trend was weakening. The spatial distribution mainly showed stronger sensitivity in the northwest and weaker sensitivity in the southeast. By exploring the driving mechanism of land degradation sensitivity, it was found that vegetation and climate showed a strong correlation, with a correlation coefficient >0.8. Drought resistance played a strong role in the dynamic process of land degradation. The basic dynamic elements showed some spatial variability in land degradation in different regions. This study is of significance for land degradation prevention and sustainable development in Northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- The School of Land Engineering, Key laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Water and Environment, Shaanxi Province Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Xia Jia
- The School of Land Engineering, Key laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Water and Environment, Shaanxi Province Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- The School of Land Engineering, Key laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Water and Environment, Shaanxi Province Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China.
| | - Huanyuan Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd, Xi'an 710075, PR China
| | - Biao Peng
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd, Xi'an 710075, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- The School of Land Engineering, Key laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Water and Environment, Shaanxi Province Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Ming Zhao
- The School of Land Engineering, Key laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Water and Environment, Shaanxi Province Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
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Su J, Fan L, Yuan Z, Wang Z, Wang Z. Quantifying the drought sensitivity of grassland under different climate zones in Northwest China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 910:168688. [PMID: 37992825 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Grassland is essential for maintaining the stability and functionality of terrestrial ecosystems. Although previous research has explored how grassland responds to drought, the drought sensitivity of grassland (DSG) across climate zones and aridity gradients remains uncertain. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation spanning 1982 to 2015 in Northwest China. To assess the time-cumulative effect (TCE) and the time-lag effect (TLE) of drought on grassland, we employed Spearman rank correlation analysis, utilizing long-term datasets of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). This analysis allowed us to quantify the DSG in the region and further examine its variations across climate zones and aridity gradient. Our results revealed that 81.2 % and 99.7 % of the grassland in Northwest China was influenced by the TCE and TLE of drought, respectively, with 38.2 % and 60.9 % of these effects being statistically significant (p < 0.05). The mean accumulated and lagged timescales of drought on grassland were 7.89 and 9.41 months, respectively. Remarkably, the highest DSG was observed in the semi-arid zone (0.58), followed by the arid (0.54), sub-humid (0.51), and humid (0.44) zones. Furthermore, we identified significant nonlinear variation patterns of DSG along the aridity gradient, characterized by several discernible trend breaks. These findings contribute to our understanding of the impacts of drought on vegetation, particularly in ecologically fragile regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Su
- School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
| | - Liangxin Fan
- School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China.
| | - Zhanliang Yuan
- School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
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Ualiyeva D, Liu J, Dujsebayeva T, Li J, Tian L, Cai B, Zeng X, Guo X. Genetic Structure and Population History of the Zaisan Toad-Headed Agama ( Phrynocephalus melanurus) Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:209. [PMID: 38254378 PMCID: PMC10812424 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The agamid lizard Phrynocephalus melanurus is restricted to Northwest China (Dzungar Basin) and the adjacent Eastern Kazakhstan (Zaisan and Alakol basins). To elucidate the phylogeography of P. melanurus, we obtained the mitochondrial DNA COI segments of 175 sampled lizards from 44 localities across the whole distribution. Phylogenetic analyses revealed two main Clades comprising five geographically structured lineages (I, IIa, IIb1, IIb2, and IIb3) that fit an isolation-by-distance (IBD) model. The divergence from the most recent common ancestor was dated to ~1.87 million years ago (Ma). Demographic analyses demonstrated lineage-specific response to past climate change: stable population for Clade I, Subclade IIb1; past population expansion for IIb3 since 0.18 Ma, respectively. Bayesian phylogeographic diffusion analyses detected initial spreading at the Saur Mount vicinity, approximately 1.8 Ma. Historical species distribution model (SDM) projected expansion of the suitable habitat in the last interglacial and shift and contraction in the last glacial maximum and Holocene epochs. The SDM predicted a drastic reduction in suitable area throughout the range as a response to future climate change. Our findings suggest that the evolution of P. melanurus followed a parapatric divergence with subsequent dispersal and adaptation to cold and dry environments during the Quaternary. Overall, this work improves our understanding of the lineage diversification and population dynamics of P. melanurus, providing further insights into the evolutionary processes that occurred in Northwest China and adjacent Eastern Kazakhstan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniya Ualiyeva
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.U.); (J.L.); (L.T.); (B.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Herpetology, Institute of Zoology CS MES RK, 93 al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan;
| | - Jinlong Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.U.); (J.L.); (L.T.); (B.C.)
| | - Tatjana Dujsebayeva
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Herpetology, Institute of Zoology CS MES RK, 93 al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan;
| | - Jun Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
| | - Lili Tian
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.U.); (J.L.); (L.T.); (B.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bo Cai
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.U.); (J.L.); (L.T.); (B.C.)
| | - Xiaomao Zeng
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.U.); (J.L.); (L.T.); (B.C.)
| | - Xianguang Guo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.U.); (J.L.); (L.T.); (B.C.)
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Zhang J, Yang T, Deng M, Huang H, Han Y, Xu H. Spatiotemporal variations and its driving factors of NDVI in Northwest China during 2000-2021. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:118782-118800. [PMID: 37919507 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30250-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Northwest China (WTL) is an essential ecological barrier zone of China, an important node of the "Silk Road Economic Belt," and a crucial bearing area for China's execution of the "One Road and One Belt" and "Going Global" strategies. However, its ecology is exceedingly fragile and particularly vulnerable to climate change and human interference. This study explored the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of vegetation in WTL using NDVI data and investigated its drive mechanisms by geodetector, partial correlation analysis, and residual trend analysis methods. As well as forecasting the trend for vegetation changes. The findings demonstrated that (1) the change in NDVI manifested an overall improvement trend and the distribution in space of NDVI rose from the center to the periphery. 57.07% of the area had a sparse cover of vegetation (NDVI between 0 and 0.2). In addition, about 49% of regions had deterioration tendencies, which were mainly aggregated in HX, QCXDB, QCXDN, and the eastern of QCXQN and QCXXB. (2) The NDVI's shifting trend was unsustainability, and the region of uncertain future accounted for 57.45% of the total, with apparent unsustainability features. (3) The key parameters influencing NDVI spatial distribution were Pre (precipitation), vegetation type, land use type, and soil type. The interaction between two factors enhanced the influence of any single element, which appeared as bivariate and nonlinear enhancements. (4) Both climate variations and human activities have been recognized as key variables affecting NDVI growth. NDVI variance in 73.02% of areas was influenced by the combined effects of climate variations and human activities. However, human activities were the most influential element in NDVI growth, with the relative contributions of 80.28% (19.72% of which was caused by climate variations). These results can be conducive to deepening insights into the local vegetation status, identifying the mechanisms driving vegetation change, and providing scientific recommendations for WTL's ecosystem restoration measures based on actual situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingjiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- Xinjiang Ertix River Basin Development and Construction Management Bureau, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Huiping Huang
- College of Water Resources, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yuping Han
- College of Water Resources, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Huanhuan Xu
- College of Water Resources, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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Wan N, Yang B, Yin D, Ma T, Fang Y, Sun X. Overwintering covered with soil or avoiding burial of wine grapes under cold stress: Chinese wine industry's past and future, challenges and opportunities. Stress Biol 2023; 3:40. [PMID: 37713163 PMCID: PMC10504205 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
In northwest China, where winter is extremely cold and the grapevine is vulnerable to freezing damage, the application of soil covering has promoted the vigorous development of the local grape and wine industries. However, in recent years, the negative effects of burying soil for cold protection on the environment have gradually emerged. In some viticultural regions, the phenomenon of "summer forest, winter desert" has appeared. Therefore, it is urgent for the Chinese grape industry to find a better solution to overwinter safely and environmentally friendly. This review summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of widely used solutions to overwinter such as covering vines with soil, breeding of cold-resistant grapes, cold-resistant cultivation model, physical and chemical covering materials, and protected grape facilities were reviewed. Future overwintering measures were proposed which avoid burial and grape overwintering research directions. It also provides a theoretical foundation and technical support to improve grape yield and quality in northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjing Wan
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Bohan Yang
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dingze Yin
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Tingting Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Chen H, Wang Q, Bento VA, Meng X, Li X. Vegetation drought risk assessment based on the multi-weight methods in Northwest China. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1148. [PMID: 37668812 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation makes an outstanding contribution to the stability of ecosystems and to a certain extent reflects the state of the terrestrial ecosystem. Drought conditions greatly affect the growth and development process of vegetation due to its remarkable stochasticity and complexity. Due to the complex coupling mechanism between vegetation and drought, the research on vegetation drought risk is still limited. In this work, we focus on Northwest China and use the improved vegetation health index (VHI) and other multi-source data. We selected indicator factors based on both hazard and vulnerability, and adopt three weight determination methods, namely entropy method, critic method, and coefficient of variation method, to construct the corresponding index model, and also to establish a vegetation drought risk assessment model to quantitatively evaluate the drought risk of vegetation in northwest China. Results show that the percentage of each drought category remarkably changed during the period encompassing 1981-2020, and the vegetation drought shows deterioration in more areas of northwest China. The vegetation drought risks derived from the three weight determination methods were generally consistent, but differed for a particular vegetation type. The overall spatial distribution pattern of vegetation drought risk in Northwest China is higher in the west and lower in the east, and the vegetation in southern Qinghai and northwestern Xinjiang presents higher drought risk. This study may be used as a tool to provide quantitative basis for vegetation protection and vegetation drought management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Chen
- The Academy of Digital China (Fujian)/College of Environmental & Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Qianfeng Wang
- The Academy of Digital China (Fujian)/College of Environmental & Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.
| | - Virgílio A Bento
- Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Xianyong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, China.
- Institute of Public Safety Governance, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Xiaohan Li
- State Grid Information and Telecommunications Group Co., Ltd, Beijing, 102211, China
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Zhao ZY, Li WB, Wang PY, Tao HY, Zhou R, Cui JY, Zhang J, Tian T, Zhao XZ, Wang YB, Xiong YC. Farmers' participation into the recovery of waste agricultural plastic film: An application of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Waste Manag 2023; 169:253-266. [PMID: 37480740 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to address the lack of relevant researches in the field of waste recycling using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). A village-scale social survey was conducted to investigate the degree of farmers' participation in a waste plastic film program, i.e. Old for New in northwest China. The program required farmers to recycle plastic film residues in exchange for new films. Survey results showed that 67.5% of farmers accepted the program, yet only 14.5% of them actually participated. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze questionnaire data and identify the factors that significantly affected farmers' recycling behavior. Principal component and weight analysis further showed that farmers' participation was mainly influenced by their attitudes (p < 0.01), with a relative weight (RW) of 46.3%. Yet, subjective norms (p < 0.1) and perceived behavior control (p < 0.1) had less effect on the degree of participation, and their RWs were 4.2% and 4.1% only, respectively. Moreover, the RW of plastic film usage characteristics and household characteristics reached up to 13.2% and 6.4%, respectively. Interestingly, environmental awareness (β = 0.083) and compulsory environmental education (β = 0.130) as surface factors strongly affected the farmers' adoption and response, with the RW of 25.7%. As such, the extended TPB model was established to analyze the participation behavior of farmers for stronger explanatory power. This study highlighted a promising strategy based on TPB for waste plastic film recycling and similar environmental management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wen-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng-Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong-Yan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jin-Ying Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xu-Zhe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yi-Bo Wang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Resource Utilization of Agricultural Solid Wastes, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui 741000, China
| | - You-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Zhang Z, Zulpiya M, Wang P. Occurrence and sources of microplastics in dust of the Ebinur lake Basin, northwest China. Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45:1461-1474. [PMID: 35499791 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is a lack of studies on microplastic pollution in mountain terrains and foothills areas in Northwest China and Central Asia. Here, we collected monthly dusts samples for one year and we studied the distribution, pollution levels, and sources of microplastics in atmospheric dust fall in the Ebinur Lake Basin in Northwest China. Results showed that the average content of dust microplastic on construction land was 28.61 ± 1.13 mg/kg, followed by farmland (20.25 ± 1.56 mg/kg), forest (19.52 ± 1.06 mg/kg), and deserts (8.08 ± 0.56 mg/kg). Regarding different land use types, atmospheric dust reduction dominated on farmland (58.64%), followed by urban area (26.65%), forest (9.76%), and desert (4.95%). Regarding the shape of microplastics, the order of occurrence in dust was film (46.85%) > fiber (35.15%) > foam(12.35%) > fragment (5.65%). In this study, four colors of microplastics were found in dust, and white accounted for the largest proportion (52.15%), followed by transparent (18.65%), black (19.45%), and green (9.75%). The main components of film microplastics in atmospheric dustfall in the Ebinur Lake Basin were PE and PP, and their sources were mainly plastic products in daily life, plastic industrial packaging materials from urban enterprises, broken plastic woven bags, and PET mostly from fabric fragment emissions. The abundance of microplastics in dust was correlated with atmospheric dust pH, EC, and total salt content. The contents of seven heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cr, Mn, and Co) adsorbed by microplastics were also correlated with pH, EC, and total salt content. Our results represent a reference for microplastics pollution prevention in mountain terrains and foothills areas in northwest China and Central Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Zhang
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 2340000, China.
| | - Mamat Zulpiya
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Pengwei Wang
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
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Di J, Ge Z, Xie Q, Kong D, Liu S, Wang P, Li J, Ning N, Qu W, Guo R, Chang D, Zhang J, Zheng XH. Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk of thyroid nodules in adults of Northwest China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1134520. [PMID: 37065186 PMCID: PMC10102366 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1134520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid nodules (TNs) are very common in the adults of Northwest China. The role of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in TNs is poorly investigated and even with controversial conclusions. Our study aimed at highlighting the relationship between H. pylori infection and the risk of TNs. Methods 9,042 individuals were enrolled with thyroid ultrasonography and 14C-urea breath test (14C-UBT). Baseline characteristics and relevant covariates were obtained, including basic and laboratory indicators. After applying the exclusion criteria, 8,839 patients were included and divided into 2 groups: a cross-sectional study of single follow-up (n=8,711) and a retrospective cohort study of multiple follow-ups for 5 years (n=139). Results The prevalence of H. pylori infection and TNs was 39.58% and 47.94% in the adults of Northwest China, respectively. The prevalence of TNs was significantly higher among H. pylori-positive individuals than those without infection (52.55% vs. 44.92%, p<0.01). The result of binary logistic regression revealed that the crude odds ratio (OR) was 1.624 (95% CI 1.242~2.123) in Model 1 without adjustment compared to H. pylori-negative group, and was also positive in Model 2, 3, and 4 (Model 2: OR=1.731, 95% CI 1.294~2.316; Model 3: OR=2.287, 95% CI 1.633~3.205; Model 4: OR=2.016, 95% CI 1.390~2.922) after the adjustment. The data of 5-year follow-up showed that the annual incidence of TNs was significantly higher in individuals with persistent H. pylori infection than non-infected counterparts (all p<0.05). Conclusions H. pylori is an independent risk factor for TNs in the adults of Northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Di
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhuang Ge
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qingwei Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Danfeng Kong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Pengwei Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jie Li
- Outpatient Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ning Ning
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Danyan Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiang-hong Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Gao Y, Khan AA, Khan SU, Ali MAS, Huai J. Investigating the rationale for low-carbon production techniques in agriculture for climate change mitigation and fostering sustainable development via achieving lowcarbon targets. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:1-19. [PMID: 36997783 PMCID: PMC10062681 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26630-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In China, agricultural activities are a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, ranking second only to another significant source. This presents a significant obstacle to reducing emissions and jeopardizes both the availability of food and the sustainable growth of agriculture. It is primarily the farmers who utilize cultivated land and are thus accountable for the initiation of these emissions. Farmers' role is significant in adopting green and low-carbon (LC) agricultural production practices, and their actions are directly tied to the achievement of the dual goals of carbon reduction. Understanding their motivations for engaging in LC production and the factors that influence their willingness to do so is important for both theory and practice. In this study, data was collected from 260 questionnaires in 13 counties across five major cities in Shaanxi Province. The purpose was to identify factors that impact farmers' motivation and willingness to engage in LC agriculture using linear regression analysis. A structural equation model was constructed to better understand the underlying mechanisms that influence farmers' actions towards LC farming practices. The study's findings indicate that (1) farmers' behavior towards LC production practices is notably impacted by internal motivation based on joy and internal motivation based on responsibility (IMR); (2) IMR has the most pronounced effect on farmers' adoption of LC production practices; (3) the internal motivation based on joy, IMR, behavior attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control are related to each other; and (4) the multi-group analysis of the data indicates that the impact of internal motivation based on joy and IMR on adopting sustainable farming practices may vary among different groups. It is essential to support farmers who have strong intrinsic motivation to engage in sustainable agriculture. Additionally, policymakers must promote positive attitudes towards sustainable farming to achieve the desired environmental (LC) objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Gao
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Arshad Ahmad Khan
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sufyan Ullah Khan
- Department of Economics and Finance, UiS Business School, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | | | - Jianjun Huai
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 People’s Republic of China
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Han L, Zhao Y, Zhao M, Sun J, Sun B, Wang X. New Fossil Evidence Suggests That Angiosperms Flourished in the Middle Jurassic. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030819. [PMID: 36983974 PMCID: PMC10059865 DOI: 10.3390/life13030819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiosperms are a group of plants with the highest rate of evolution, the largest number of species, the widest distribution and the strongest adaptability. Needless to say, angiosperms are the most important group for the humans. The studies on the origin, evolution and systematics of angiosperms have been the major challenges in plant sciences. However, the origin and early history of angiosperms remains poorly understood and controversial among paleobotanists. Some paleobotanists insist that there were no angiosperms in the pre-Cretaceous age. However, this conclusion is facing increasing challenges from fossil evidence, especially Early Jurassic Nanjinganthus, which is based on over two hundred specimens of fossil flowers. Studying more fossil plants is the only reliable way to elucidate the origin and early evolution of angiosperms. Here, we document a new species of angiosperms, Qingganninginfructus formosa gen. et sp. nov, and provide the first detailed three-dimensional morphology of Qingganninginfructus gen. nov from the Middle Jurassic of Northwest China. A Micro-CT examination shows that the best-preserved fossil infructescence has eleven samaroid fruits, each with a single basal ovule. Since these fossils are distinct in morphology and organization from all organs of known gymnosperms and angiosperms (the latter are defined by their enclosed ovules), we interpret Qingganninginfructus as a new genus of angiosperms including a new species, Q. formosa gen. et sp. nov., and an unspecified species from the Middle Jurassic of Northwest China. The discovery of this new genus of angiosperms from the Middle Jurassic, in addition to the existing records, undermines the "no angiosperms until the Cretaceous" stereotype and updates the perspective on the origin and early history of angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Han
- Key Laboratory of Minerals Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), School of Earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Ningxia Geological Museum, 301 Eastern People's Square Street, Yinchuan 750000, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Ningxia Geological Museum, 301 Eastern People's Square Street, Yinchuan 750000, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environments, State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Bainian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Minerals Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), School of Earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Hu X, Fan X, Tian J, Zhang B, Huang R. Utilization of dental care service and associated factors among pre-school children in northwest China over the past decade. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:54. [PMID: 36717826 PMCID: PMC9887760 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02736-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors influencing the utilization of oral health care among 5 years old children. METHODS We conducted two observational cross-sectional studies. The studies were conducted in 2005 and 2015 and included 5-year-old children who underwent dental examination by trained dentists and the caregivers of the children were requested to answer the questionnaire. Multi-level stratified sampling method was used. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the utilization of dental care and other socio-economic variables. Logistic regression models were employed to explore the primary factors influencing the use of dental care among pre-school children. RESULTS In 2005, a total of 399 and in 2015, 492 child-caregiver pairs were included. The majority of the caregivers in both surveys were females, comprising 68.2% and 74.8% of the caregivers in 2005 and 2015, respectively. 75.2% and 87.0% (p < 0.05) of the respondents had an education level of lesser than 9 years. The prevalence of caries was higher in 2015 (63.2%) (p < 0.05) than in 2005 (53.4%). In 2005 and 2015, the utilization of dental care services was 20.8% and 20.0%, respectively. A statistically significant association was observed between caries and dental care use in 5-year-olds over the past decade. After adjusting for confounders, dental service usage among children in urban areas was 1.62 times higher than that of rural areas in 2005 (95% CI 0.069-0.571), and the self-assessment of caregivers regarding their child's oral health significantly improved oral health use in 2015. CONCLUSION The utilization of dental care services over the past decade is insufficient among pre-school children in northwest China. Hence, with the decreasing gap about economic and health service resources, policymakers should place greater emphasis on raising awareness among caregivers about the oral health status of their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Disease, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoyu Fan
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Disease, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiangang Tian
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ruizhe Huang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. .,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Disease, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Zhang J, Deng M, Han Y, Huang H, Yang T. Spatiotemporal variation of irrigation water requirements for grain crops under climate change in Northwest China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:45711-45724. [PMID: 36708471 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Clarifying the spatiotemporal variation of crop irrigation water requirement (IWR) under the background of climate change is an essential basis for water resource management, determining the irrigation quota and adjusting the planting structure. Using 61 years of climate data from 205 stations in Northwest China, this study investigated the spatiotemporal variations of climatic factors and IWR during the growth period of five main grain crops (spring wheat, winter wheat, spring maize, summer maize, and rice) and explored the dominant climatic driving factors of IWR variation. Results showed that (1) the IWR of grain crops showed distinct differences. Rice was the highest water consumption crop (mean of 753.78 mm), and summer maize was the lowest (mean of 452.90 mm). (2) The variation trends and average values of IWR of different grain crops have spatial heterogeneity across Northwest China. For most crops, high values and increasing trends of IWR were mainly located in eastern Xinjiang, western Gansu, and western Inner Mongolia. (3) Tmax (maximum temperature), Tmin (minimum temperature), and Peff (effective precipitation) showed an increasing trend during the growth period of each grain crop, while U10 (wind speed at 10 m height), SD (solar radiation), and RH (relative humidity) presented decreasing trends. (4) SD, Tmax, and U10 promoted the increase of grain crops' IWR, while Peff and RH inhibited it. The impacts of climatic factors on the grain crop IWR differed among different regions. Peff was the most influential factor to the IWR of all grain crops in most areas. Therefore, under the premise of a significant increase in T and uncertain precipitation mode in the future, it is urgent to take effective water-saving measures according to the irrigation needs of the region. To cope with the adverse impact of climate change on the sustainable development of agriculture in the northwest dry area, to ensure regional and national food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.,Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Jiangsu, 210098, China
| | - Mingjiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China. .,Xinjiang Ertix River Basin Development and Construction Management Bureau, Urumqi, 830000, China.
| | - Yuping Han
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Huiping Huang
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.,Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Jiangsu, 210098, China
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Lv W, Du C, Zhang Y, Wu F, Jin Y, Chen X, Liu X, Feng C, Ma X, Zhang S. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic analysis of PIK3CA mutation in breast cancer patients in Northwest China. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154063. [PMID: 35994807 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple studies on PIK3CA mutations in breast cancer (BC) had been performed, which showed the controversial results among different countries and races even those from the same country. The present study aimed to explore the PIK3CA gene mutation status in BC patients in Northwest China and reveal the relationship between PIK3CA mutations and clinicopathological features along with prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1002 BC patients from Northwest China were recruited in this study, genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues, and hotspot mutations in the exon 9 and 20 of PIK3CA gene were detected by ARMS-PCR. RESULTS PIK3CA mutations were found in 31.2% (313/1002) of BC patients, among them 66.1% were mutations in exon 20% and 32.6% were mutations in exon 9. H1047R was the most common mutation type, accounting for 56.5% of the total mutated samples. Significant correlations were observed between PIK3CA mutation status and age (P = 0.035), histopathologic types (P = 0.004), pathological grade (P = 0.013), ER positivity (P < 0.001), PR positivity (P < 0.001), molecular subtypes (P = 0.004) and family history (P = 0.007). Cox multivariate analysis showed that patients with mutations in exon 9 or 20 had shorter DFS and OS than wild-type patients. Those with exon 9 mutations subgroup had the worst prognosis. Interestingly, patients with H1047L mutation had the best prognosis than others. CONCLUSION PIK3CA mutations could be used as an indicator of clinical outcome or targeted therapy for multiple breast cancer subgroups in Northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lv
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Chong Du
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Yinbing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Yaofeng Jin
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Cong Feng
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Xingcong Ma
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China.
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China.
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Zhang J, Deng M, Yang T, Pang M, Wang Z. Spatiotemporal pattern of reference crop evapotranspiration and its response to meteorological factors in Northwest China over years 2000-2019. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:69831-69848. [PMID: 35576028 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20654-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural irrigation water in Northwest China accounts for more than 80% of total local water consumption, which is 1.23 times that of China. However, Northwest China is the most water-scarce place in China. Water scarcity in restricts crop growth and production. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) is important for agricultural water management. Understanding the reason for ET0 change is helpful to provide a basis for rational planning of agricultural irrigation systems to conserve water. This study investigated the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ET0 at 181 meteorological stations in Northwest China from 2000 to 2019. And the sensitive factors and dominant factors affecting ET0 change were quantitatively identified based on sensitivity analysis and contribution rate evaluation. Results showed that (1) a significant increase in maximum and minimum temperature (Tmax and Tmin), a significant decrease in sunshine duration (SD) and relative humidity (RH), and a slight increase in wind speed at 10 m height (U10) were observed. (2) Annual ET0 had an insignificant increasing trend. Spring and autumn ET0 contributed greatly to the growth of annual ET0, especially in March, May, September, October, and November. ET0 in HH (Yellow River Basin area) had decreased at annual scale, while other subregions were the opposite trend. Significant differences in monthly and seasonal changes in the spatial distribution of ET0. (3) U10 was the dominating contribution factor related to annual ET0 variability, followed by Tmin, RH, Tmax, and SD. In seasonal time scale, Tmin, SD, U10, and RH were the most dominant factors in spring, summer, autumn, and winter respectively. (4) Spatial distribution for contribution rates of various meteorological factors showed significant diversity among various subregions. The positive contribution of U10 was the major cause of the increase in ET0 in semi-arid grassland area (BGH), the southwest of "Qice line" (QCXXN), and the southeast of "Qice line" (QCXDN); the significant increase in Tmin contributed most in Qaidam Basin (CDM), Hexi inland river basin (HX), the northeast of "Qice line" (QCXDB), and the northwest of "Qice line" (QCXXB), while the contribution of decreasing SD offsets the positive effects of other factors, leading to the decrease in ET0 in HH. Our work illustrates that water management measures should be different at different spatial and temporal scales. The effect of U10 can be offset by covering, to reduce evaporation and maintain water in BGH, QCXXN, and QCXDN. And high-temperature resistant varieties are planted to adapt to temperature growth in CDM, HX, QCXDB, and QCXXB. Agricultural water management strategies should be formulated and selected according to local conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Mingjiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
- Xinjiang Ertix River Basin Development and Construction Management Bureau, Urumqi, 830000, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Min Pang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zitian Wang
- Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Cai X, Tang N, Wei S, Yang Y. Family functioning and health-related quality of life of inpatients with coronary heart disease: a cross-sectional study in Lanzhou city, China. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:397. [PMID: 36068504 PMCID: PMC9446873 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A key outcome in coronary heart disease (CHD) is Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), and family functioning is important in the management of CHD. But few studies have examined both together, and little is known about them among inpatients with CHD in less developed areas of China. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the HRQoL and family functioning status of inpatients with CHD in Lanzhou from Northwest China, and identify the factors that affect their HRQoL. Methods A cross‑sectional study was conducted in 224 CHD inpatients at one major hospital. Sociodemographic data and disease information of CHD inpatients were collected by face-to-face using a structured questionnaire and data were also obtained from patient medical records. HRQoL was measured using the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP). Family functioning was measured using the family APGAR index. Multiple binary logistic regression analysis (MBLRA) was used to explore potential risk factors associated with HRQoL, and Pearson’s correlations were used to assess the relationship between family functioning and HRQoL. Results The overall, physical and psychosocial SIP scores were 25.03 ± 8.52, 18.61 ± 9.90 and 28.08 ± 9.64, respectively. The total family APGAR score was 6.11 ± 2.45. MBLRA found older age, poorer cardiac function and more severe disease were associated with poorer HRQoL, while better family functioning, higher monthly income, and urban living were associated with better HRQoL. Family functioning was weakly to moderately correlated with total and psychosocial HRQoL. Conclusions Older and less affluent inpatients with lower educational level, less family support and more severe CHD have poorest quality of life, and health care providers should consider interventions to support them. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12872-022-02844-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchen Zhang
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoqing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Nan Tang
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Siqi Wei
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yanwei Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, No. 333 South Binhe Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China.
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Wang S, Fan T, Cheng W, Wang L, Zhao G, Li S, Dang Y, Zhang J. Occurrence of macroplastic debris in the long-term plastic film-mulched agricultural soil: A case study of Northwest China. Sci Total Environ 2022; 831:154881. [PMID: 35364156 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Widespread presence of plastic mulch has led to macroplastic (MaP) pollution. While this issue is widely explored in aquatic ecosystems, MaP pollution on land has been neglected. In 2019, we conducted a large-scale survey of MaPs in Northwest China in 0-30 cm soil with long-term mulching. Samples of MaP debris were collected from 67 sites across Gansu, east Qinghai, and north Shannxi Provinces. All visible MaP pieces for each site were separated and weighed. The mass of each MaP piece was calibrated by size measured in digital images. The MaP mass averaged 47.2 kg ha-1, and the number of MaPs averaged 266.2 pieces ha-1. The mass and number of MaPs varied from site to site. The mean size of MaPs was 19.5 cm2 piece-1 or 28.0 mg piece-1. More importantly, the number of small MaP pieces (<5 and 5-20 cm2 piece-1) accounted for 76.7% of the total number of MaPs detected, and small-sized plastic debris (<10 and 10-25 mg piece-1) were detected in 70.1% of the sampling sites. The percentage of small fragments increased before 15-year of mulching and then declined. However, the amount of medium-large debris (20-50 and >50 cm2 piece-1) showed a trend opposite to that of small fragments. The percentage of MaPs was greater in the small size group than in the medium-large size group. The arid to semi-arid area exhibited higher MaP contamination compared with the semi-arid to the semi-humid area. These observations indicate that plastic debris residing in soil tend to be fragmented, making plastic film recovery more challenging and causing severe soil pollution. Further studies are required to regulate plastic mulch methods and explore the degradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Wang
- Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Dryland Areas in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Tinglu Fan
- Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Dryland Areas in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China.
| | - Wanli Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Dryland Areas in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Dryland Areas in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Dryland Areas in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Shangzhong Li
- Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Dryland Areas in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yi Dang
- Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Dryland Areas in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Dryland Areas in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
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Zhao H, Zhang F, Yu Z, Li J. Spatiotemporal variation in soil degradation and economic damage caused by wind erosion in Northwest China. J Environ Manage 2022; 314:115121. [PMID: 35472840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wind erosion causes significant dust emissions in northwest China, resulting in large amounts of soil organic matter and nutrient losses. It has a significant impact on air quality, climate change, vegetation growth, and economic growth at the regional scale. In this work, the Weather Research Forecasting with Chemistry atmospheric chemical transport model was used to simulate the temporal and spatial processes of dust emissions in northwest China from 1980 to 2015. The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the loss of soil organic matter and nutrients (total nitrogen and total phosphorus) due to dust emissions, and the economic damage from wind erosion, were simulated and calculated. Spatial patterns of soil organic matter and nutrient losses are consistent with dust emission rates across the research region. The average annual dust emissions were approximately 65.17 million tons, with losses of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus resulting from dust emissions of 531,494 tons, 30,754 tons, and 37,095 tons, respectively. In addition, the average annual economic loss caused by wind erosion was 309.25 million yuan in northwest China during the entire study period. This research is valuable for understanding the role of wind erosion on the carbon and nutrient cycles and the mechanism of soil degradation in northwest China and estimating the economic impacts of wind erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Zhao
- School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ziyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
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20
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Mei B, Khan AA, Khan SU, Ali MAS, Luo J. An Estimation of the Effect of Green Financial Policies and Constraints on Agriculture Investment: Evidences of Sustainable Development Achievement in Northwest China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:903431. [PMID: 35903383 PMCID: PMC9314776 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.903431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Farming' community actively participating as micro-actors in green finance schemes is critical for regional planning and development. On the basis of the extent to which financial progress and sustainable development are coordinated, in a difference-in-differences approach, this article employed 2350 small investigations to estimate the influence of green-finance strategies on peasants' agriculture investment and developed a mediation effect method. It investigates the role of peasant managerial variability in mediating the influence of financial constraints. The results indicate that the introduction of a financial restriction variable reduces the positive impacts of green-finance regulations on peasants' agricultural investment. Moreover, peasants who participate in non-agricultural management exercises are more inclined to take advantage of green financing regulations and are affected via financial restrictions in mediate means. The building of a green-finance sector in remote regions should accomplish unique positioning and rapid growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjing Mei
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Shaanxi Rural Financial Research Center Yangling, Xianyang, China
| | - Arshad Ahmad Khan
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Shaanxi Rural Financial Research Center Yangling, Xianyang, China
| | - Sufyan Ullah Khan
- Department of Economics and Finance, UiS Business School, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | | | - Jianchao Luo
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Shaanxi Rural Financial Research Center Yangling, Xianyang, China
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21
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Zha Q, Chai G, Zhang ZG, Sha Y, Su Y. Short-term effects of main air pollutants exposure on LOS and costs of CVD hospital admissions from 30,959 cases among suburban farmers in Pingliang, Northwest China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:50819-50831. [PMID: 35239119 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the major contributor to global mortality and disability especially in undeveloped and developing countries/areas with severer air pollutions, studies are quite limited and evidence is insufficient of short-term main air pollutants exposure on health burden of CVD hospital admissions in those regions particularly through direct costs. METHOD Based on an analysis of 30,959 CVD hospital admissions among suburban farmers from 2018 to 2019 through multiple linear regression (MLR), our study evaluated the impact of main air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, NO2 and O3) exposure on number of cases, length of stay (LOS) and costs of CVD hospital admissions in Pingliang, China. RESULTS Concentration of SO2 and O3 rising from a low level was found to lower the costs, LOS and daily cases of CVD hospital admissions and PM2.5, PM10, CO and NO2 were found to aggravate the burden. Besides, the NO2 could put more economic stress on those CVD patients in Pingliang (China) which implies that some improvements could be done on public medical insurance policy and benefit local suburban farmers by strengthening the supports on specific drugs and therapies. CONCLUSIONS More efforts should be made to lower the concentration of air pollution by coordinated control managements even in a low-level scenario. Concentration levels and interactions between main air pollutants may play an important role in air pollution-induced CVD health burden. Future research is needed to explore more evidence in different areas, especially with low-level SO2 effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunwu Zha
- School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Hospital Management Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Emergency Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guorong Chai
- School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
- Hospital Management Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
- Research Center for Emergency Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhe-George Zhang
- School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Decision Sciences, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, 98225-9077, USA.
- Beedie School of Business, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Yongzhong Sha
- School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Hospital Management Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Emergency Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yana Su
- School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- College of Economics and Management, Lanzhou Institute of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
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22
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Lu C, Tang X, Liu W, Huang P. Effects of Industrial Structure Adjustment on Pollutants Discharged to the Aquatic Environment in Northwest China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:6146. [PMID: 35627682 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Northwest China is located along China’s Belt and Road Initiative routes and represents the frontier and core region for China’s construction and development of the Silk Road Economic Belt. In recent years, the conflict between economic development and environmental pollution has become increasingly intense in this region, with the latter mainly caused by disorderly industrialization brought about by rapid urbanization processes. Inappropriate industrial structure is the primary reason for environmental degradation in Northwest China, which has limited precipitation and available water. Due to its fragile aquatic environment and unsustainable use of water resources, the pollution and degradation of the aquatic environment has become a bottleneck that severely restricts the sustainable development of China’s northwest region. In the present study, five provinces or autonomous regions in Northwest China were selected as the study objects. Based on the vector autoregressive (VAR) model, quantitative research methods, such as impulse response function and variance decomposition analysis, were applied to quantify the dynamics between industrial structure adjustment and changes in industrial pollutant discharges to the aquatic environment, so that the impact of industrial structure adjustment on pollutants discharged to the aquatic environment could be quantified and characterized. Therefore, the present study has both theoretical and practical significance. The conclusions are as follows: (1) In general, industrial structure in most provinces in Northwest China imposes a positive effect over the discharge of pollutants to the aquatic environment. Adjusting industrial structure and reducing the proportion of secondary industry present can to some extent promote reductions in the discharge of pollutants to the aquatic environment. However, such beneficial effects may vary among different provinces. (2) Specifically, for Gansu, province industrial structure adjustment could help reduce the discharge of pollutants to the aquatic environment effectively during the early stages, but this positive effect gradually weakens and disappears during the later stages. In Qinghai province, industrial structure adjustment could not help reduce the discharge of pollutants to the aquatic environment effectively during the early stages, but a positive effect gradually increases and continues to function later. The performance in Shaanxi and Xinjiang provinces was quite similar, with industrial structure adjustment helping to effectively reduce the discharge of pollutants to the aquatic environment over a long period of time. This positive effect can play a more sustained and stable role. For Ningxia province, industrial structure adjustment can not only help significantly reduce the discharge of pollutants to the aquatic environment but also displays a significant positive effect. (3) Given the specific conditions and characteristics of the region under study, relevant policies for industrial structure adjustment should be formulated and implemented.
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Cao S, Zhang L, He Y, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Yao S, Yang W, Sun Q. Effects and contributions of meteorological drought on agricultural drought under different climatic zones and vegetation types in Northwest China. Sci Total Environ 2022; 821:153270. [PMID: 35085634 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Meteorological drought is one of the driving forces behind agricultural drought. The response of agricultural drought to meteorological drought remains poorly understood under different climatic zones and vegetation types in Northwest China (NWC). Furthermore, the contribution of climate factors and human activities to agricultural drought in NWC remains unclear. We combined the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the satellite Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) to characterize meteorological and agricultural drought, respectively. Based on the trend analysis, Spearman's correlation coefficient and residual trend analysis, we studied the variation characteristics and response relationships of meteorological and agricultural drought under different climatic zones and vegetation types in NWC from 2000 to 2019 and evaluated the contributions of climate factors (SPEI and precipitation) and human activities on the agricultural drought. The results showed that under different climatic zones and vegetation types, the SPEI and VCI all showed an upward trend in NWC, indicating that meteorological and agricultural drought slowed down. It was further pointed out that the climate was humidified and the soil moisture increased in NWC. Meteorological drought has a definite effect on agricultural drought, and the effect varied non-linearly along the drought gradient with the strongest responses in the semiarid ecosystems. Drought resistance of different climatic zones and vegetation types was different, caused by the specific sensitivity and uniqueness of local arid environment. Among them, grasslands dominated the regional SPEI-VCI changes in NWC. The combined effects of climatic factors (SPEI and precipitation) and human activities promoted the variation of agricultural drought in NWC. Climatic factors were the main drivers of agricultural drought change in grasslands, with the contribution rate reaching 76.71%. However, human activities all contributed significantly to agricultural drought than climatic factors, especially in the Loess Plateau, Junggar Basin and northern Tianshan Mountains, where the positive contribution of human activities exceeded 80%. Thus, the SPEI and VCI can effectively reveal the change law of meteorological drought and agricultural drought in NWC. This study provides a theoretical basis for drought disaster relationship assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengpeng Cao
- Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yi He
- Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yali Zhang
- Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Wang Yang
- Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China
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24
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Wang Z, Li Z, Zhan H, Yang S. Effect of long-term saline mulched drip irrigation on soil-groundwater environment in arid Northwest China. Sci Total Environ 2022; 820:153222. [PMID: 35063518 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water shortage and soil salinization are the two main factors that are limiting the sustainability of agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas. The mulched drip irrigation (MDI) with brackish groundwater is widely used in the arid areas of Northwest China. In this study, field experiments were carried out to study the effect of long-term MDI with brackish groundwater on the soil and groundwater environment. It was found that the groundwater level decreased in the Peacock river watershed steadily from 2008 to 2019, resulted from escalating groundwater exploitation due to the expanding agricultural irrigation area and increasing irrigation water demand. The decline of groundwater level reduced the evaporation of phreatic surface (ETg) and groundwater recharge from MDI (Rg). The ETg and Rg would be very small, where ETg tended to be zero and Rg would decrease to a constant value, while the water table depth was larger than 3 m. In addition, MDI had little effect on the soil moisture content (SMC) during the MDI period while the groundwater level was shallow (less than 1.9 m), and it increased SMC gradually as the cycle of irrigations increased while the groundwater level was deep (greater than 4.2 m). MDI reduced the concentration of soluble salt ions (Na+, K+ and Cl-) and increased the concentration of Ca2+ and SO42- in the soil. The accumulation of Ca2+ and SO42- in bare soil was more serious than that in the mulched land. The SMC, soil ions concentrations, soil salinity and the total dissolved solids of groundwater decreased significantly with the decrease of the groundwater level, and the salinization degree of the soil and groundwater tended to be weak in the field experimental site. However, groundwater level dropped too much caused by increasing agricultural irrigation would be harmful to the sustainable ecological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaimin Wang
- College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Hongbin Zhan
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3115, USA
| | - Sifu Yang
- College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
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Lin X, Chen L, Zheng Y, Yan F, Li J, Zhang J, Yang H. Age-specific prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus in women from Northwest China. Cancer Med 2022; 11:4366-4373. [PMID: 35365956 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer with more than 200 genotypes. Different genotypes have different potentials in causing premalignant lesions and cervical cancers. In this study, we investigated the age-specific prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV genotypes in Northwest China. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 145,918 unvaccinated women from Northwest China for population-based HPV DNA screening test during June 2015 to December 2020. And a lab-based test was performed for each volunteer by flow fluorescent technology to identify the genotypes of HPV. RESULTS The overall infection rate of HPV was 22.97%. With the participants divided into 12 groups according to age, a bimodal curve of infection rate was obtained. And the two peaks appeared in the younger than 20 group and 61-65 group, respectively. The five most common HPV genotypes included HPV 16, 58, 52, 53 and 61 in all participants, which were in descending order of frequency. Among women younger than 25 years old, HPV 6 and 11 were more common and even higher than some genotypes mentioned above. Among women older than 65 years old, HPV 18 and 66 were more common than or as high as the six most common genotypes in all populations. Additionally, the distribution of single and multiple infections in each age group was also different. CONCLUSION The baseline prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV in Northwest China was uncovered for the first time. Age was related to the epidemiology of different HPV genotypes. All the results would be of great significance for future healthcare services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Lin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liu Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunyun Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianfang Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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26
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Jiang Q, Meng B, Wang Z, Qian P, Zheng J, Jiang J, Zhao C, Hou J, Dong G, Shen J, Liu W, Liu Z, Chen F. Exceptional terrestrial warmth around 4200-2800 years ago in Northwest China. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:427-436. [PMID: 36546094 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the Holocene abrupt events around 4200 years ago, lasting for ∼ 200 years, is thought to have caused cultural disruptions, yet terrestrial climatic status right after the cold/dry event remains poorly defined and is often presumed that a generally cool condition prevailed during the Bronze Age (∼ 4000-2200 years ago). Here we report an alkenone-based summer temperature record over the past ∼ 12,000 years, in addition to two updated alkenone records, from Northwest China, providing new insights into the climatic status right after the event. Our results indicate that exceptional terrestrial warmth, up to ∼ 6 °C, occurred around 4200-2800 years ago during the Bronze Age, superimposed on the long-term Holocene cooling trend. The exceptional warmth in Northwest China, together with other climate anomalies elsewhere, suggests an unusual large-scale climatic reorganization at 4200-2800 years ago when solar activity remained high, with important implications to the climate background for cultural developments during the Bronze Age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Jiang
- Institute of Geographic Engineering Technology, School of Geography Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 210093, China
| | - Bowen Meng
- Department of Earth Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Peng Qian
- Institute of Geographic Engineering Technology, School of Geography Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 210093, China
| | - Jianan Zheng
- Institute of Geographic Engineering Technology, School of Geography Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 210093, China
| | - Jiawei Jiang
- Department of Earth Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- School of Geography and Marine Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Juzhi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ji Shen
- School of Geography and Marine Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Sciences and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Weiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhonghui Liu
- Department of Earth Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Fahu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Shang J, Zhang Y, Peng Y, Huang Y, Zhu L, Wu Z, Wang J, Cui Y. Climate change drives NDVI variations at multiple spatiotemporal levels rather than human disturbance in Northwest China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:13782-13796. [PMID: 34599448 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16774-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in land management and climate alter vegetation dynamics; however, the factors driving vegetation changes remain elusive at multiple spatiotemporal levels. Here, we assess the drivers of changes in greenness from 2000 to 2015 in Northwest China (NW China). We used multiple stepwise linear regression (MSLR), redundancy analysis (RDA), and 12 other models to quantify the impacts of precipitation and temperature metrics, gross domestic product (GDP), population, and grazing intensity on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at three administrative levels (county, town, and village), four temporal levels (yearly, May, July, and September), two vegetation types (woodland and grassland), and at annual precipitation gradients of <200, 200-400, and >400 mm. The results suggest that NW China underwent vegetation greening from 2000 to 2015. Precipitation and temperature were the most influential factors contributing to the NDVI change. Population was the main determinant of NDVI under the precipitation gradient of <200 mm, and the effect of GDP on NDVI was moderate. On the temporal scale, annual precipitation, precipitation before the previous year, and precipitation in the current year determined the NDVI in May, July, and September, respectively, for both woodland and grassland. At multiple scales, climate change was the primary driver of vegetation change in NW China, rather than human disturbance. These findings expand our understanding on drivers of NDVI at multiple levels over a long period. Measures to manage decreasing vegetation coverage may be more effective and could be implemented sooner based on predicted climate change in drylands worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Shang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China.
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yihang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhuoyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yixin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
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Chi J, Chen F, Zhang J, Niu X, Tao H, Ruan H, Jin L, Wang Y. Frailty is associated with 90-day unplanned readmissions and death in patients with heart failure: A longitudinal study in China. Heart Lung 2022; 53:25-31. [PMID: 35121488 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty has been reported to be significantly associated with adverse health outcomes in people with heart failure (HF). OBJECTIVES To explore the potential effects of frailty on unplanned readmissions and death in people with HF patients aged 18 years or older. METHODS 342 HF patients aged 18 years or older from the heart centers of two different tertiary care hospitals located in northwest of China were enrolled between July and December 2020. Frailty was assessed by the Tilburg Frailty Indicator. The patients were followed for unplanned readmissions, and all-cause mortality at 30, 60, as well as 90 days after discharge. Multivariate cox regression models were used to analyze the effects of frailty on 90-day unplanned readmission and death in the patients with HF. RESULTS Frailty prevalence was 54.7% among 342 HF patients, with a mean age of 64.65 ± 11.90 years. It was found that compared to non-frailty HF patients, the frailty HF patients were older and displayed higher systolic blood pressure, longer duration of HF, more severe cognitive function, and more comorbidities (P < 0.05). On the contrary, the patients in the frail group had a higher incidence of unplanned readmission (73.1% vs. 26.9%, χ2 = 18.87, P < 0.01) and death (100% vs. 0%, χ2 = 6.94, P < 0.01) than those in the non-frail group. Multivariate cox regression analysis showed that frailty could serve as an independent risk factor for 90-day unplanned readmission (HR = 1.469, 95% CI 1.318-1.637, P < 0.01) and 90-day death (HR=2.270, 95% CI 1.091-4.726, P < 0.01) in the patients with HF. CONCLUSION Frailty can act as an independent predictor of unplanned readmission and death 90-day after discharge in HF patients aged 18 years or older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Chi
- Department of Nursing, First People's Hospital of Yunnan, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, PR China; The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, PR China; School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, NO.28 Yanxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Fei Chen
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, NO.28 Yanxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, NO. 28 Yanxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, NO.28 Yanxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Niu
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, NO.28 Yanxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Hongxia Tao
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, NO.28 Yanxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Haihui Ruan
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, NO.28 Yanxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Lifen Jin
- Department of Nursing, First People's Hospital of Yunnan, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, PR China; The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, PR China.
| | - Yanhong Wang
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, NO.28 Yanxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
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Du B, Zhang M, Sun B, Li A, Zhang J, Yan D, Xie S, Wu J. An exceptionally well-preserved herbaceous eudicot from the Early Cretaceous (late Aptian-early Albian) of Northwest China. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 8:nwab084. [PMID: 34987839 PMCID: PMC8692937 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A fossil eudicot, Gansufructus saligna gen. et sp. nov., is reported from the Early Cretaceous (late Aptian-early Albian) of the Gansu Province, Northwest China, based on numerous well-preserved axes with attached leaves and infructescences. The leaves are alternate, short petiolate and linear-lanceolate with low rank pinnate to reticulate venation. The infructescences are loose panicles bearing fruits in different stages of maturity, each containing four partly free carpels borne in a whorled arrangement. Each carpel has three to five seeds borne along its ventral margin. The nature of the leaves and axes indicates a terrestrial, herbaceous habit. In general organization, Gansufructus is closely similar to the fruit-bearing axes of Sinocarpus decussatus from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota, as well as other more or less contemporaneous angiosperms from the Far East, which together provide evidence of diverse eudicot angiosperms of low stature colonizing areas close to environments of deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxia Du
- Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bainian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Aijing Li
- Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Defei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sanping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Li RF, Dong XY, Xie C, Zhao LJ. Long-term observations of the chemical composition, fluxes and sources of atmospheric wet deposition at an urban site in Xi'an, Northwest China. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 194:68. [PMID: 34994857 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09737-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric wet deposition (AWD) is closely related to air quality, and excessive deposition poses risks to ecological systems and human health. Seasonal and interannual variations in acidity, electric conductivity (EC), ionic composition, fluxes, sources, and atmospheric transport of AWD were analyzed at an urban site in Xi'an from 2016 to 2019. The annual volume-weighted mean (VWM) pH and EC values were 6.8 and 40.6 μS cm-1, respectively. NO3- (47%) was the most dominant anion, while Ca2+ (34%) was the most dominant cation. The analysis of fractional acidity (FA) and neutralization factors (NFs) showed that 96% of the acidity was neutralized by alkaline constituents, especially Ca2+ and NH4+. The annual AWD flux of total ions was 125.9 kg ha-1 year-1, and NO3-, NO2-, SO42- and NH4+ fluxes accounted for approximately 70%, indicating considerable sulfur (9.1 kg ha-1 year-1) and nitrogen (22.0 kg ha-1 year-1) deposition. Under dilution by precipitation, the EC and major ion concentrations were lower, while the pH and fluxes were higher, in summer and autumn, and the opposite results were observed in spring and winter. The source apportionment via by positive matrix factorization (PMF) revealed that the six sources of major ions were confirmed as follows: vehicular emissions (38.1%), agriculture (22.3%), fossil fuel combustion (13.8%), crust (12.9%), marine (9.6%), and biomass burning (3.3%). And on the basis of back trajectory analysis, the air masses of precipitation were primarily from the northwest in spring and winter, from the southeast in summer, and from various directions in autumn, and they transported different natural and anthropogenic pollutants along their paths, thereby affecting the chemical composition and fluxes of AWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Feng Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Xi-Ying Dong
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Cong Xie
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Liang-Ju Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Ma W, Ren X, Zhang L, Dong H, Lu X, Feng W. Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism and Coronary Artery Disease Risk Among Patients in Northwest China. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2021; 14:1591-1599. [PMID: 34908864 PMCID: PMC8665779 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s338285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The association between apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphisms and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) among different populations has been assessed in numerous previous studies, but the results remain inconclusive. The present study aimed to determine the role of ApoE genotypes in CAD risk and the interrelationships between lipid profiles and ApoE alleles and genotypes among the population of northwest China. Patients and Methods This study was performed on 308 patients with CAD and 308 control participants. ApoE gene polymorphism was analysed using the polymerase chain reaction and hybridization. Results The findings indicated that the frequencies of ε3/ε4 genotype and ε4 allele frequency were significantly higher in patients with CAD than in the control participants. ε2 carriers had significantly lower total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) levels than did ε3 or ε4 carriers among the control participants. However, our study found no significant differences in plasma lipoprotein levels between ɛ2, ɛ3 and ɛ4 carriers in patients with CAD. Moreover, ε4 carriers had significantly higher ApoB, ApoB/ApoA-I levels and significantly lower ApoE levels in both patients with CAD and control participants. ε4 allele presence was associated with a nearly two-fold higher CAD risk. After adjusting for other established risk factors, ε4 allele was an independent risk factor for CAD. After stratified by age (≤ 60 years and >60 years), ε4 allele was indicated to increase the CAD risk 3.3-fold in elderly patients with CAD, but not in young patients with CAD. After stratified by sex, ε4 allele was not a risk factor in females and males patients with CAD. Conclusion This study provides evidence that the ε4 allele, drinking, smoking, hypertension, and TG and ApoE levels are independent risk factor for CAD among patients in northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Liting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyi Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Z, Ju W, Zhou Y. The effect of water stress on net primary productivity in northwest China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:65885-65898. [PMID: 34327647 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Net primary productivity (NPP) has been widely used as the indicator of vegetation function and exhibits large spatial and temporal variations caused by numerous factors. Northwest China (NWC) is one of the driest regions in China, and water supply is the key determinant of NPP here. However, studies on the effects of water stress on NPP in NWC at the regional scale are still relatively lacking. Thus, in this study, based on a set of Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) NPP and evapotranspiration (ET) datasets, we quantified the response of NPP to water stress, which is indicated by crop water stress index (CWSI). Regional average of annual NPP in NWC showed an increasing trend during the study period, at a rate of 0.84 g C m-2 yr-1. At the province level, the NPP increase rates increased in the order of Ningxia (7.7%), Shaanxi (6.5%), Gansu (4.5%), Qinghai (3.8%), and Xinjiang (1.7%). NPP was negatively correlated with CWSI (p<0.05) in 73% of areas, indicating the key role of water stress in constraining NPP over this arid region. The effect of water stress on NPP changes with elevation. Water stress has the strongest negative impact on NPP in areas with elevations around 2000 m. In elevations above 5000 m, NPP is not limited by water stress, mostly positively correlated with CWSI. Our findings further clarify the importance of water stress in dryland ecosystems, while highlighting that elevation gradients can significantly affect the correlation between NPP and water stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhang
- International Institute of Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Ju
- International Institute of Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yanlian Zhou
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Wei W, Zhang H, Zhou J, Zhou L, Xie B, Li C. Drought monitoring in arid and semi-arid region based on multi-satellite datasets in northwest, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:51556-51574. [PMID: 33987730 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a complex natural disaster affected by multiple climate factors and underlying surface. In recent years, drought monitoring indices of remote sensing have been widely applied to monitor drought in a certain region or global. However, some remote sensing drought monitoring indices do not consider the drought-causing factors enough to reflect the comprehensive drought situation of a region fully. In this paper, a new remote sensing drought monitoring index, called Remote Sensing Drought Evaluation Index (RSDEI), was constructed by combining Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), Temperature Condition Index (TCI), Precipitation Condition Index (PCI), and Soil Moisture Condition Index (SMCI) using the spatial principal component analysis (SPCA) method. The reasonableness of RSDEI was test and verified using Net Primary Productivity (NPP), Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), and unit area crop yield. The RSDEI was also applied to the drought condition monitoring of the northwest arid and semi-arid region from 2001 to 2019.The result demonstrated that the results showed that the RSDEI had a high correlation coefficient with SPEI-12 (R=0.85, p<0.01). It is concluded that the correlation coefficient between RSDEI and NPP is 0.74 at 95% confidence level, which indicates that RSDEI and NPP have a strong correlation. Then, the correlation between RSDEI and crop yield per unit area is 0.89. The results of RSDEI showed that the drought in northwest China started in May and lasted in September from 2001 to 2019. The lowest value of RSDEI appeared in May, which inflected the significant difference of drought level in different month in northwest China. The result of CV (coefficient of variation) showed that the drought variation in the study area had a stable low fluctuation condition as a whole, in the northwest and northeast of study area, which indicated that the changes of drought were different in the past 19 years. The Hurst exponent analysis showed that the area with the positive evolution of Hurst index (0.5<H<1) is 1,845,046.669 km2,which accounts for 75.9% of the total area, while the area with reverse evolution characteristics (H<0.5) accounts for 24.1% of the total area. The result obtained above reflected that the drought changes in most regions are better than that in the past 19 years. The trend gradually changes from drought to humid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, 967Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, China
| | - Haoyan Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, 967Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Junju Zhou
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, 967Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Binbin Xie
- School of Urban Economics and Tourism Culture, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Chuanhua Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, 967Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, China
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Liu Y, Zhang JJ, Piao SY, Shen RJ, Ma Y, Xue ZQ, Zhang W, Liu J, Jin ZB, Zhuang WJ. Whole-Exome Sequencing in a Cohort of High Myopia Patients in Northwest China. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:645501. [PMID: 34222226 PMCID: PMC8250434 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.645501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High myopia (HM) is one of the leading causes of visual impairment worldwide. In order to expand the myopia gene spectrum in the Chinese population, we investigated genetic mutations in a cohort of 27 families with HM from Northwest China by using whole-exome sequencing (WES). Genetic variations were filtered using bioinformatics tools and cosegregation analysis. A total of 201 candidate mutations were detected, and 139 were cosegregated with the disease in the families. Multistep analysis revealed four missense variants in four unrelated families, including c.904C>T (p.R302C) in CSMD1, c.860G>A (p.R287H) in PARP8, c.G848A (p.G283D) in ADAMTSL1, and c.686A>G (p.H229R) in FNDC3B. These mutations were rare or absent in the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC), 1000 Genomes Project, and Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), indicating that they are new candidate disease-causing genes. Our findings not only expand the myopia gene spectrum but also provide reference information for further genetic study of heritable HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University (People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region), Yinchuan, China
| | - Jin-Jin Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shun-Yu Piao
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ren-Juan Shen
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Ma
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Binhai University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University (People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region), Yinchuan, China
| | - Zi-Bing Jin
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhuang
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Shi G, Zhang Z, Ma L, Zhang B, Dang S, Yan H. Association between maternal iron supplementation and newborn birth weight: a quantile regression analysis. Ital J Pediatr 2021; 47:133. [PMID: 34090489 PMCID: PMC8180103 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Our study aimed to explore the association between maternal iron supplementation and newborn birth weight (BW) in Shaanxi Province using quantile regression (QR). Method The data used in this study were derived from a large cross-sectional survey of a population in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China. A total of 28,209 women and their infants were selected using a stratified multistage random sampling method. The effect of iron supplementation on the newborn BW was assessed by a multiple linear regression model and QR. Results A total of 5.15% of the women took iron supplements during pregnancy. Multiple linear regression showed that the iron supplementation during pregnancy had positive effects on the BW, with an average increase of 43.07 g (β = 43.07, t = 3.55, and p < 0.001). The QR showed that the iron supplementation during pregnancy was associated with an increased newborn BW from very low to higher percentiles (quantiles: 0 ~ 0.40), with the β ranging from 136.51 to 43.86. As the percentiles of the BW increased, the neonatal BW gain gradually declined in the iron supplementation group compared with the group that did not receive iron supplementation (quantiles: 0 ~ 0.40, with the β ranging from 136.51 to 43.86). Iron supplementation was more effective among women who suffered from anemia during pregnancy (β = 45.84, t = 2.05, and p = 0.04; quantiles: 0 ~ 0.15, 0.30, 0.80, with β ranging from 150.00 to 39.29) than it was in any other group (β = 38.18, t = 2.62, and p = 0.009; quantiles: 0 ~ 0.15, with β ranging from 133.33 to 28.32). Conclusions Iron supplementation during pregnancy is associated with an increased newborn BW, and the effect was more obvious in the newborns with the lower BW and newborns whose mothers suffered from anemia during pregnancy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13052-021-01084-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoshuai Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065, Shaanxi, China
| | - Binyan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaonong Dang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China. .,Nutrition and Food Safety Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Xiong X, Zhou W, Hou X, Cheng P, Du H, Zhao X, Wu S, Hou Y, Lu X, Fu Y. Time series of atmospheric Δ 14CO 2 recorded in tree rings from Northwest China (1957-2015). Chemosphere 2021; 272:129921. [PMID: 33607491 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Radiocarbon (14C) is a unique and important tool for understanding carbon cycle in the nature, and its use can be significantly enhanced where reliable historical atmospheric Δ14CO2 records can be established. In China, continuous atmospheric Δ14CO2 records since the 1950s are scarce, a period when dramatic variations of Δ14CO2 occurred caused by intensive human activities. In this research, Δ14C of Qinghai spruce tree rings collected from Huangzhong (HZ) (36.27°N, 101.67°E, 2982 m amsl) were measured by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, and a Δ14CO2 time series from 1957 to 2015 was reconstructed. The results show that HZ Δ14C was generally higher than the contemporaneous average level in the mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. The peak value of HZ Δ14C occurred in 1964 (as bomb peak) was higher than that of other tree ring records in East Asia at a similar latitude, likely due to the impact of the atmosphere nuclear tests at Semipalatinsk (Kazakhstan). The record shows no obvious disturbance of Lop Nor nuclear weapons tests (in Northwest China) during 1964-1980, except for 1971. A local Suess effect began to appear since 2001, and the estimated atmospheric fossil fuel-derived CO2 (CO2ff) concentration increased from 3.5 ppm to 8.8 ppm from 2006 to 2015. This is associated with the implementation of the "Western Development" strategy in China. HZ Δ14C records document background Δ14C data, useful for regional carbon cycle research and atmospheric CO2ff quantification in the region. These data also provide baseline values for assessment environmental safety connected with nuclear power plants in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, National Center for AMS in Xi'an, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Weijian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, National Center for AMS in Xi'an, Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, 710061, China; Open Studio for Oceanic-Continental Climate and Environment Changes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, National Center for AMS in Xi'an, Xi'an, 710061, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, 710061, China; Open Studio for Oceanic-Continental Climate and Environment Changes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, National Center for AMS in Xi'an, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, National Center for AMS in Xi'an, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, National Center for AMS in Xi'an, Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Shugang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, National Center for AMS in Xi'an, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yaoyao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, National Center for AMS in Xi'an, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, National Center for AMS in Xi'an, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yunchong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, National Center for AMS in Xi'an, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Zhao W, Yu X, Jiao C, Xu C, Liu Y, Wu G. Increased association between climate change and vegetation index variation promotes the coupling of dominant factors and vegetation growth. Sci Total Environ 2021; 767:144669. [PMID: 33429281 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation productivity dynamics are closely related to climate change, and water availability determines vegetation growth in water-limited ecosystems. Nevertheless, how changes in the interactions between climatic factors and vegetation activity variation regulate the relationship between their trends remains unclear. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is an effective proxy of vegetation growth. First, we investigated the NDVI trends, and the results revealed a vegetation activity with weaker greening and greater spatial heterogeneity after an obvious land-cover breakpoint in 1999 compared with that before 1999 in northwest China. Notably, the Loess Plateau greatly led the greenness trends, but the Tibet Plateau showed mean browning after 1999, which implied that the coupling of climate change and vegetation trends varied with spatio-temporal changes. Subsequently, using the Geographical Detector Method (GDM), we quantified and compared the association between climate change and the interannual variability of NDVI in the two stages. Vegetation productivity variation is more closely related to changes in climatic factors after 1999 compared with that before 1999. Precipitation (PPT) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) are the primary constraints to vegetation growth in both stages. Patterns in NDVI trend increases are consistent with those of increased PPT and decreased VPD and vice versa after 1999. However, the same patterns were not observed before 1999 because of the weak association between climate change and NDVI variation. This implicated a great significance of the association between climate change and changes in vegetation activity for the prediction of potential carbon sequestration due to the shift of dominant factors and their trends under future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiubo Yu
- Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Cuicui Jiao
- College of Economics, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Chengdong Xu
- Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Genan Wu
- Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
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He G, Liu H, Wang J, Zhao Y, Zhu Y, Jiang S, Li H, Zhai J, He F. Energy-water security challenge: Impact of energy production on water sustainable developments in Northwest China in 2017 and 2030. Sci Total Environ 2021; 766:144606. [PMID: 33418262 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Energy consumption has gradually become an important factor affecting the sustainable use of regional water resources, especially in areas with abundant energy but scarce water. In this research, the water consumption for energy production in arid Northwest China (NWC) in 2017 and 2030 was evaluated, and the virtual water (VW) transfer embodied in the energy trade was also calculated based on a large amount of data collected from multiple sources. The results showed that the energy-related water consumption in NWC in 2017 was 2.6 billion m3, accounting for approximately 3.4% of the total regional water consumption and 61.8% of the total regional industrial water consumption. This value is projected to reach 8.6 billion m3 in 2030 under a normal water consumption scenario (BAU scenario), and 5.4 and 3.6 billion m3 under a regular water-saving scenario (RWS scenario) and enhanced water-saving scenario (EWS scenario), respectively. In 2017, except for Qinghai and Gansu, the other province in the study area was a VW exporter and the total VW output volume was 710.3 million m3, accounting for 26.9% of the total water consumption for energy production, this ratio will reach approximately 60% in 2030 due to the expansion of energy industry. In addition, based on our research, the available water in four provinces cannot meet the future energy requirements under EWS scenario owing to the water shortage, however, different energy development strategies need to be selected faced with the different types of water shortage condition. This study also proposed some countermeasures to ensure the coordinated development of regional water and energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua He
- State Key Laboratory of Stimulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - He Liu
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stimulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stimulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yongnan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Stimulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Stimulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Haihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stimulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Stimulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Fan He
- State Key Laboratory of Stimulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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Han X, Zhao Y, Gao X, Jiang S, Lin L, An T. Virtual water output intensifies the water scarcity in Northwest China: Current situation, problem analysis and countermeasures. Sci Total Environ 2021; 765:144276. [PMID: 33401056 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
With 80% water resources in the south and 65% arable land in the north, China is facing a rigorous challenge due to the spatial mismatch between water distribution and food & energy production to make a balanced development of economy and ecosystem. In the past decades, the northwest has played a prominent role in maintaining national food and energy security. However, the lack of water resources in this region poses a great threat to sustainable development. Based on this, this study quantitatively analyzed the evolution trend of water footprint (WF) of major crops and energy products in Northwest China from 2000 to 2015 and revealed the virtual water (VW) transfer pattern with commodity trade and its water resource stress caused by the virtual water output. The results show that, although the improvement of technology has greatly reduced the WF per unit production, the northwest region is still a net VW output area, whose net VW output associated with food and energy trade is increasing sharply from 287.2 × 108 m3 (2000) to 328.5 × 108 m3 (2015) with a growth rate of 14.4%, seriously aggravating the local water resource pressure. To ensure the water, food and energy safety of the northwest, we proposed countermeasures and suggestions on technological development and strategic planning, including water-saving technology promotion, industrial and agricultural structure optimization, and the coordinated management of physical and virtual water. The above findings provide a scientific reference to ensure the sustainable development of Northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxueqi Han
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Xuerui Gao
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Shan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Lixing Lin
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tingli An
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Huang Y, Chen ZQ, Roopnarine PD, Benton MJ, Yang W, Liu J, Zhao L, Li Z, Guo Z. Ecological dynamics of terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems across three mid-Phanerozoic mass extinctions from northwest China. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210148. [PMID: 33726593 PMCID: PMC8059510 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Earth has been beset by many crises during its history, and yet comparing the ecological impacts of these mass extinctions has been difficult. Key questions concern the kinds of species that go extinct and survive, how communities rebuild in the post-extinction recovery phase, and especially how the scaling of events affects these processes. Here, we explore ecological impacts of terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems in three mass extinctions through the mid-Phanerozoic, a span of 121 million years (295–174 Ma). This critical duration encompasses the largest mass extinction of all time, the Permian–Triassic (P–Tr) and is flanked by two smaller crises, the Guadalupian–Lopingian (G–L) and Triassic–Jurassic (T–J) mass extinctions. Palaeocommunity dynamics modelling of 14 terrestrial and freshwater communities through a long sedimentary succession from the lower Permian to the lower Jurassic in northern Xinjiang, northwest China, shows that the P–Tr mass extinction differed from the other two in two ways: (i) ecological recovery from this extinction was prolonged and the three post-extinction communities in the Early Triassic showed low stability and highly variable and unpredictable responses to perturbation primarily following the huge losses of species, guilds and trophic space; and (ii) the G–L and T–J extinctions were each preceded by low-stability communities, but post-extinction recovery was rapid. Our results confirm the uniqueness of the P–Tr mass extinction and shed light on the trophic structure and ecological dynamics of terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems across the three mid-Phanerozoic extinctions, and how complex communities respond to environmental stress and how communities recovered after the crisis. Comparisons with the coeval communities from the Karoo Basin, South Africa show that geographically and compositionally different communities of terrestrial ecosystems were affected in much the same way by the P–Tr extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuangeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China.,Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Geology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Zhong-Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter D Roopnarine
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China.,Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Geology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Michael J Benton
- School of Earth Sciences, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Wan Yang
- Geology and Geophysics Program, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Laishi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Resource Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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Guo C, Sim T, Su G. Individual Disaster Preparedness in Drought-and-Flood-Prone Villages in Northwest China: Impact of Place, Out-Migration and Community. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18041649. [PMID: 33572299 PMCID: PMC7916103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rural communities are generally more vulnerable to natural hazards when compared to urban communities. Moreover, rural communities are diverse and unique in their place, population, agricultural production and culture, which make it challenging for different rural settings to prepare for disasters. There is a little comparison made about the individual disaster preparedness among rural communities with different geographic landforms. In this study, we examined the individual disaster preparedness of rural residents in three drought-and-flood-prone villages with different landforms (plains, loess plateau and mountains) via a cross-sectional self-report structured questionnaire survey conducted in Northwest China. We also adopted an ecological framework to examine the determinants of villagers’ individual disaster preparedness across different dimensions: place, individual sociodemographic factors, family socioeconomic status, hazard adaptations, community and neighbourhood influences. We found that place was a significant factor for disaster preparedness when controlling individual sociodemographic and family socioeconomic factors. The level of preparedness in the plains was higher than both mountains and plateau. Moreover, the villagers who had out-migrated to work reported a higher level of disaster preparedness than did local villagers. In addition, the community and neighbourhood played an important role in determining individual disaster preparedness. This research highlights the needs for tailored community-based disaster risk reduction programs to improve villagers’ knowledge and skills of disaster preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Guo
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Community Health Services, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hum, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Timothy Sim
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hum, Hong Kong, China;
- S R Nathan School of Human Development, Singapore University of Social Sciences, Singapore 599494, Singapore
| | - Guiwu Su
- Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China;
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Li S, Wu J, Huo Y, Zhao X, Xue L. Profiling multiple heavy metal contamination and bacterial communities surrounding an iron tailing pond in Northwest China. Sci Total Environ 2021; 752:141827. [PMID: 32889271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Northwest China is abundant in iron ore reserves and has become one of the important iron ore mining bases in China. However, the contamination and microbial community structure of iron tailing ponds in Northwest China have not been extensively investigated. In the present study, we characterized the main physicochemical properties, the multiple heavy metal contamination, and the bacterial community structure of the soils surrounding an iron tailing pond in Linze County, Zhangye city, Gansu Province. The tailing-associated soils were barren, exhibiting alkaline pH and low organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN) and total potassium (TK) compared with the control areas. There was considerable multiple heavy metal pollution in the iron tailing pond, mainly including lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and copper (Cu). Among the 303 identified core operational taxonomic units (OTUs), Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Deinococcus-Thermus were predominant at the phylum level, and Blastococcus, Arthrobacter, Marmoricola, Kocuria, Truepera, and Sphingomonadaceae were prevalent at a finer taxonomic level. The bacterial richness and diversity of the tailing samples were significantly lower than those of the reference samples. RDA, VPA and Spearman correlation analyses showed that the soil pH, CEC, OM, TP, TK, Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, As and Mn had significant effects on the bacterial community composition and distribution. This work profiles the basic features of the soil physicochemical properties, the multiple heavy metal contamination and the bacterial community structure in an iron tailing pond in Northwest China, thereby providing a foundation for the future ecological remediation of the iron tailing environment in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Juanli Wu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yanli Huo
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water-Saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lingui Xue
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Gao Q, Yuan X, Yang J, Fu X. Dietary profile and phenolics consumption in university students from the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China. BMC Nutr 2020; 6:58. [PMID: 33292628 PMCID: PMC7672828 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-020-00386-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyphenol intake assessment is a first step for evaluating relationships between polyphenols and health-related outcomes. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is one of the minority areas in China, which is primarily consists of arid, dry desert. Objectives This study was to make assessment about phenolics intake by university students from Ningxia of China. Methods This study employed data from a cross-sectional survey conducted from February to June 2018 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of Northwest China. A total of 413 undergraduate students (143 boys, 270 girls), mean age 20.6 years, participated in the study. Food-frequency consumption and anthropometric measurements were included in the survey. According to phenol-explorer website, the amount of different classes of phenolic compounds were established. Statistics analyses were conducted with IBM SPSS 20.0. Results Profile of the student subjects showed low weight (19.1%), overweight (6.8%) and obesity (0.5%). The mean value about phenolics intake was 1378 mg/day. The main polyphenols consumed were flavonoids (58.7% of total polyphenols), followed by phenolic acids (38.1%). Vegetables, fruits and cereals products were the most consumed foods, while infusions and sugar products were lower. Fruit was the main food sources of total polyphenols, especially apple (22.95%), orange juice (19.03%) and apple juice (3.93%). Conclusions This is the first study on the polyphenol intake of university students in Ningxia of China. The present results will be benefit for further investigation on the role of polyphenol intake against disease occurrence for this adults group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghan Gao
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Xiao Yuan
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
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Wu Y, Zhang N, Wang Y, Ren Y, Yuan Z, Li N. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in street dust from bus stops in Qingyang city: Estimates of lifetime cancer risk and sources of exposure for daily commuters in Northwest China. Environ Pollut 2020; 266:115222. [PMID: 32822923 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lifetime cancer risk and exposure of daily commuters to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cities of Northwest China were determined from a study of street dust samples obtained from bus stops in Qingyang city. The sum of 16 priority PAHs (Σ16 PAHs) concentrations in the dust samples ranged from 0.8 to 18.3 mg kg-1 (mean 3.0 mg kg-1) and the distribution of individual, carcinogenic, combustion specific, low (2-3 rings) and high molecular weight (4-6 rings) PAHs was determined. The benzo[a]pyrene toxic equivalents of Σ16 PAHs ranged from 0.01 to 12.2 mg kg-1 (mean 0.8 mg kg-1). Incremental lifetime cancer risk from exposure to PAHs in dust at bus stops in Qingyang city was estimated at 1.9 × 10-6 for adults and 3.5 × 10-6 for children (confidence limit ≥ 95%). Emission source analysis of PAHs in bus stop dust showed that they were mainly derived from residential coal, oil and biomass combustion, e.g. from boilers, traffic vehicles, and Kang heaters. Higher concentrations of PAHs were obtained at bus stops near transport hubs, commercial districts, and administrative institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu Wu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, PR China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, PR China
| | - Yingqiang Wang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, PR China
| | - Yibin Ren
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, PR China
| | - Zhongyu Yuan
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, PR China
| | - Ni Li
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, PR China
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Feng K, Tian J. Estimating potential evapotranspiration based on self-optimizing nearest neighbor algorithms: a case study in arid-semiarid environments, Northwest of China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:37176-37187. [PMID: 31650479 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06597-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Changes in potential evapotranspiration will affect the surface ecology and environment of the land. Accurate and quick estimation of potential evapotranspiration will help to analyze environmental change. In this study, in combination with the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN), a new method for calculating potential evapotranspiration (CCA-k-NN) based on self-optimizing nearest neighbor algorithm was proposed, in which less meteorological data were used for estimation. By analyzing the basic principles of CCA and k-NN and according to the requirement of estimating ET0, the CCA-k-NN method was constructed, and its basic principles and key steps were described. In this method, CCA algorithm was used to find the most relevant meteorological data for potential evapotranspiration, and the dimensionality of meteorological data for subsequent estimation of ET0 was reduced. Then, k-NN algorithm was used to estimate ET0. The Northwest of China was chosen as the research area to evaluate the applicability of this method. The 148 data stations in the region were divided into training datasets, testing datasets, and validation datasets. ET0 was estimated on three datasets using the proposed method, and the estimation accuracy of the CCA-k-NN method was evaluated with FAO-56 Penman-Monteith as a reference. The results show that the CCA-k-NN method maintains a high correlation with FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (correlation coefficient is greater than 0.9) and has a good estimation accuracy. RMSE and MAE are both less than 1 mm day-1, and the overall performance of NSCE is greater than 0.5, all of which reach the level of "applicable" and above. At the same time, the CCA-k-NN method has low time complexity O(n). Comparison of the results of the CCA-k-NN method with those of other empirical models showed that the CCA-k-NN method is more accurate and can be employed successfully in estimating ET0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kepeng Feng
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, No. 539, Helan Mountain Road, Xixia District, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Modern Agriculture in Arid Regions, Yinchuan, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Technology on Water-saving Irrigation and Water Resources Regulation, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Juncang Tian
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, No. 539, Helan Mountain Road, Xixia District, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Modern Agriculture in Arid Regions, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Research Center of Technology on Water-saving Irrigation and Water Resources Regulation, Yinchuan, China
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Liu XW, Wang JC, Wang SY, Li SJ, Zhu YM, Ding WJ, Xu CY, Duan L, Xu BC, Guo YF. The mutation frequencies of GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4 and MT-RNR1 of patients with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss in northwest China. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 136:110143. [PMID: 32645618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To expose the spectrum and frequency of GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4 and MT-RNR1 in northwest China and to investigate the underlying causative genes in patients without common mutations. METHODS We analyzed the mutation screening results of GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4 and MT-RNR1 in 398 unrelated severe-to-profound probands with bilateral, symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss. Subsequently, we selected 10 probands with a significant family history of inherited hearing loss (HL) that did not have the above four common gene mutations to perform next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 139 known deafness genes, followed by co-segregation analysis of all available family members. RESULTS Among the 398 patients, 69 (17.34%) had the biallelic GJB2 gene mutations, and the most common mutations were c.235delC, c.109G>A and c.299_300delAT, with allele frequencies of 12.31%, 3.38% and 3.89%, respectively. A total of 63 (15.83%) cases with biallelic SLC26A4 mutations were detected, and the most common pathogenic alleles were c.919-2A>G, c.2168A>G and c.1174A>T, with allele frequencies of 9.17%, 2.26% and 0.88%, respectively. Mitochondrial gene mutations were detected in 9 (2.26%) patients, with 5 cases of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) m.1555A>G mutation and 4 cases of mtDNA m.1095T>C mutation. In 10 probands with a clear family history of HL, NGS showed two novel pathogenic variants in 2 families, including c.4129C>T/c.3268C>T in LOXHD1, c.334G>A/c.2968G>T in CDH23. Sanger sequencing confirmed that these variants segregated with the HL in each family. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that GJB2 and SLC26A4 were the two major HL-causing genes in northwest China. The most common mutation alleles in GJB2 were c.235delC, c.109G>A and c.299_300delAT, and those in SLC26A4 were c.919-2A>G, c.2168A>G and c.1174A>T. In addition, both genes and their loci can be used as the first selection of deafness gene screening. Additionally, for patients who did not have mutations of these common genes, NGS provided an efficient diagnosis for increasing known deafness genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Jian-Chao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, PR China
| | - Su-Yang Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Shu-Juan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Yi-Ming Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Wen-Juan Ding
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Chen-Yang Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Lei Duan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Bai-Cheng Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Yu-Fen Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China; Health Commission of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China.
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Qian H, Chen J, Howard KWF. Assessing groundwater pollution and potential remediation processes in a multi-layer aquifer system. Environ Pollut 2020; 263:114669. [PMID: 33618462 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pumping-induced leakage across aquitards may induce a deterioration of water quality in multi-layer aquifer systems. It is critical to understand long-term trends of water quality parameters when assessing the sustainability of groundwater abstraction. Daily drinking water needs of 2.2 million people in Yinchuan region of northwest China are solely met by groundwater resources, but long-term groundwater withdrawal has created an extensive cone of depression (294 km2 in area) in confined aquifer causing increased vertical recharge. In this study, a model was established and calibrated with head data, then was incorporated with field tracer tests to provide key information on the hydro-dispersive characteristics of the contaminant for assessing both the current and future state of the aquifer system. The results confirmed a close association between water quality deterioration and high downward fluxes of high chloride groundwater, most notably near the center of the cone of depression. On a temporal scale, water quality degradation remains slow, largely due to the high, pre-existing storage of good quality water. Modeling suggests that the water quality in the upper confined aquifer will lose its potability over a 25 km2 and 50 km2 area within 200 years under the current and intensified pumping conditions, respectively. Elevated chloride values were also detected toward the east of the cone, highlighting the impact of hydrological settings on the vertical groundwater flow. Modeling of potential aquifer remediation shows an even slower response with a further 250 years or more required for potability to be restored in affected areas. The findings can provide valuable guidance to for decision makers and support the sustainable management of aquifer exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No.126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China; School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No.126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No.126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China; School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No.126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Ken W F Howard
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
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Cheng B, Li H. Impact of climate change and human activities on economic values produced by ecosystem service functions of rivers in water shortage area of Northwest China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:26570-26578. [PMID: 32372355 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and human activities are affecting the ecological health of rivers and the economic value of its ecosystem services. Taking water quantity as the intermediate variable, we proposed a quantitative calculation method for the impact of climate change and human activities on the economic value produced by the ecosystem service functions of rivers. The framework mainly consists of three steps: firstly, we quantitatively determined the changes in the amount of water coming from rivers due to climate change and human activities; secondly, combining the theory of resource and environmental economics to calculate the economic value generated by ecological service functions of rivers; finally, we quantitatively identified and analyzed the impact of climate change and human activities on the economic value produced by the ecosystem service functions of rivers. Taking Baoji section of Weihe River (BSWR) as an example, we quantitatively analyzed and calculated the impact of climate change and human activities on the economic value produced by ecosystem service functions of rivers. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: in recent 52 years, the economic value produced by the ecosystem service functions of rivers decreased by 3.57 billion yuan due to the climate change and human activities; the total economic value has been reduced by an average of 68 million yuan per year. This useful work can not only reveal the impact of climate change and human activities on the economic value of ecosystem services of rivers but also can provide an important basis for the reasonable management model of water resource of ecosystem of rivers watershed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Huaien Li
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
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Wang ZM, Zou P, Yang JS, Liu TT, Song LL, Lu Y, Guo H, Zhao YT, Liu TJ, Hao DJ. Epidemiological characteristics of spinal cord injury in Northwest China: a single hospital-based study. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:214. [PMID: 32517761 PMCID: PMC7285705 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While the cities in China in which spinal cord injury (SCI) studies have been conducted previously are at the forefront of medical care, northwest China is relatively underdeveloped economically, and the epidemiological characteristics of SCI have rarely been reported in this region. Methods The SCI epidemiological survey software developed was used to analyze the data of patients treated with SCI from 2014 to 2018. The sociodemographic characteristics of patients, including name, age, sex, and occupation, were recorded. The following medical record data, obtained from physical and radiographic examinations, were included in the study: data on the cause of injury, fracture location, associated injuries, and level of injury. Neurological function was evaluated using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale. In addition, the treatment and complications during hospitalization were documented. Results A total of 3487 patients with SCI with a mean age of 39.5 ± 11.2 years were identified in this study, and the male to female ratio was 2.57:1. The primary cause of SCI was falls (low falls 47.75%, high falls 37.31%), followed by traffic accidents (8.98%), and impact with falling objects (4.39%). Of all patients, 1786 patients (51.22%) had complications and other injuries. According to the ASIA impairment scale, the numbers of grade A, B, C, and D injuries were 747 (21.42%), 688 (19.73%), 618 (17.72%), and 1434 (41.12%), respectively. During the hospitalization period, a total of 1341 patients experienced complications, with a percentage of 38.46%. Among all complications, pulmonary infection was the most common (437, 32.59%), followed by hyponatremia (326, 24.31%), bedsores (219, 16.33%), urinary tract infection (168, 12.53%), deep venous thrombosis (157, 11.71%), and others (34, 2.53%). Notably, among 3487 patients with SCI, only 528 patients (15.14%) received long-term rehabilitation treatment. Conclusion The incidence of SCI in northwest China was on the rise with higher proportion in males; fall and the MCVs were the primary causes of SCI. The occupations most threatened by SCI are farmers and workers. The investigation and analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of SCI in respiratory complications are important factors leading to death after SCI, especially when the SCI occurs in the cervical spinal cord. Finally, the significance of SCI rehabilitation should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Meng Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76, Nanguo Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76, Nanguo Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun-Song Yang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76, Nanguo Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Department of Pediatric, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Yao Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76, Nanguo Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76, Nanguo Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan-Ting Zhao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76, Nanguo Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tuan-Jiang Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76, Nanguo Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ding-Jun Hao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76, Nanguo Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
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Lyu J, Li Z, Wei H, Liu D, Chi X, Gong DW, Zhao Q. A potent risk model for predicting new-onset acute coronary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Northwest China. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:705-713. [PMID: 32008161 PMCID: PMC7220880 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is now very prevalent in China. Due to the lower rate of controlled diabetes in China compared to that in developed countries, there is a higher incidence of serious cardiovascular complications, especially acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The aim of this study was to establish a potent risk predictive model in the economically disadvantaged northwest region of China, which could predict the probability of new-onset ACS in patients with T2DM. METHODS Of 456 patients with T2DM admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2018 to January 2019 and included in this study, 270 had no ACS, while 186 had newly diagnosed ACS. Overall, 32 demographic characteristics and serum biomarkers of the study patients were analysed. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was used to select variables, while the multivariate logistic regression was used to establish the predictive model that was presented using a nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the discriminatory capacity of the model. A calibration plot and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used for the calibration of the predictive model, while the decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate its clinical validity. RESULTS After random sampling, 319 and 137 T2DM patients were included in the training and validation sets, respectively. The predictive model included age, body mass index, diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum uric acid, lipoprotein(a), hypertension history and alcohol drinking status as predictors. The AUC of the predictive model and that of the internal validation set was 0.830 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.786-0.874] and 0.827 (95% CI 0.756-0.899), respectively. The predictive model showed very good fitting degree, and DCA demonstrated a clinically effective predictive model. CONCLUSIONS A potent risk predictive model was established, which is of great value for the secondary prevention of diabetes. Weight loss, lowering of SBP and blood uric acid levels and appropriate control for DBP may significantly reduce the risk of new-onset ACS in T2DM patients in Northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lyu
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiying Li
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huiyi Wei
- The Second Affiliated Middle School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxian Chi
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Da-Wei Gong
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21201, USA
| | - Qingbin Zhao
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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