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Wang K, Xue Y, Liu Y, Su X, Wei L, Lv C, Zhang X, Zhang L, Jia L, Zheng S, Ma Y, Yan H, Jiang G, Song H, Wang F, Lin Q, Hou Y. The detoxification ability of sex-role reversed seahorses determines the sexual dimorphism in immune responses to benzo[a]pyrene exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173088. [PMID: 38735333 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism in immune responses is an essential factor in environmental adaptation. However, the mechanisms involved remain obscure owing to the scarcity of data from sex-role-reversed species in stressed conditions. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is one of the most pervasive and carcinogenic organic pollutants in coastal environments. In this study, we evaluated the potential effects on renal immunotoxicity of the sex-role-reversed lined seahorse (Hippocampus erectus) toward environmental concentrations BaP exposure. Our results discovered the presence of different energy-immunity trade-off strategies adopted by female and male seahorses during BaP exposure. BaP induced more severe renal damage in female seahorses in a concentration-dependent manner. BaP biotransformation and detoxification in seahorses resemble those in mammals. Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-oxide (BPDE) and 9-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (9-OH-BaP) formed DNA adducts and disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis may together attribute the renal immunotoxicity. Sexual dimorphisms in detoxification of both BPDE and 9-OH-BaP, and in regulation of Ca2+, autophagy and inflammation, mainly determined the extent of renal damage. Moreover, the mechanism of sex hormones regulated sexual dimorphism in immune responses needs to be further elucidated. Collectively, these findings contribute to the understanding of sexual dimorphism in the immunotoxicity induced by BaP exposure in seahorses, which may attribute to the dramatic decline in the biodiversity of the genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Xue
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yali Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Xiaolei Su
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Chunhui Lv
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Longwu Jia
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Shiyi Zheng
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yicong Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Hansheng Yan
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Guangjun Jiang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Hongce Song
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yuping Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
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Li W, McIntyre RL, Schomakers BV, Kamble R, Luesink AH, van Weeghel M, Houtkooper RH, Gao AW, Janssens GE. Low-dose naltrexone extends healthspan and lifespan in C. elegans via SKN-1 activation. iScience 2024; 27:109949. [PMID: 38799567 PMCID: PMC11126937 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
As the global aging population rises, finding effective interventions to improve aging health is crucial. Drug repurposing, utilizing existing drugs for new purposes, presents a promising strategy for rapid implementation. We explored naltrexone from the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures (LINCS) based on several selection criteria. Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) has gained attention for treating various diseases, yet its impact on longevity remains underexplored. Our study on C. elegans demonstrated that a low dose, but not high dose, of naltrexone extended the healthspan and lifespan. This effect was mediated through SKN-1 (NRF2 in mammals) signaling, influencing innate immune gene expression and upregulating oxidative stress responses. With LDN's low side effects profile, our findings underscore its potential as a geroprotector, suggesting further exploration for promoting healthy aging in humans is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisha Li
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rebecca L. McIntyre
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bauke V. Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rashmi Kamble
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne H.G. Luesink
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H. Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arwen W. Gao
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Georges E. Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Tiwari P, Verma S, Washimkar KR, Nilakanth Mugale M. Immune cells crosstalk Pathways, and metabolic alterations in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112269. [PMID: 38781610 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) presents a challenging progression characterized by lung tissue scarring and abnormal extracellular matrix deposition. This review examines the influence of immune responses, emphasizing their complex role in initiating and perpetuating fibrosis. It highlights how metabolic pathways modulate immune cell function during IPF. Immune cell modulation holds promise in managing pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Inhibiting neutrophil recruitment and monitoring mast cell levels offer insights into PF progression. Low-dose IL-2 therapy and regulation of fibroblast recruitment present potential therapeutic avenues, while the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in allergic lung inflammation sheds light on disease mechanisms. The review focuses on metabolic reprogramming's role in shaping immune cell function during IPF progression. While some immune cells use glycolysis for pro-inflammatory responses, others favor fatty acid oxidation for regulatory functions. Targeting specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) presents significant potential for managing fibrotic disorders. Additionally, it highlights the pivotal role of amino acid metabolism in synthesizing serine and glycine as crucial regulators of collagen production and exploring the interconnectedness of lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and adipokines in driving fibrotic processes. Moreover, the review discusses the impact of metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes on lung fibrosis. Advocating for a holistic approach, it emphasizes the importance of considering this interplay between immune cell function and metabolic pathways in developing effective and personalized treatments for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Tiwari
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Shobhit Verma
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Kaveri R Washimkar
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India.
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Escobar KA, VanDusseldorp TA, Johnson KE, Stratton M, McCormick JJ, Moriarity T, Dokladny K, Vaughan RA, Kerksick CM, Kravitz L, Mermier CM. The biphasic activity of autophagy and heat shock protein response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells following acute resistance exercise in resistance-trained males. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024:10.1007/s00421-024-05503-5. [PMID: 38771358 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05503-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autophagy and heat shock protein (HSP) response are proteostatic systems involved in the acute and adaptive responses to exercise. These systems may upregulate sequentially following cellular stress including acute exercise, however, currently few data exist in humans. This study investigated the autophagic and HSP responses to acute intense lower body resistance exercise in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with and without branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) supplementation. METHODS Twenty resistance-trained males (22.3 ± 1.5 yr; 175.4 ± .7 cm; 86.4 ± 15.6 kg) performed about of intense lower body resistance exercise and markers of autophagy and HSP70 were measured immediately post- (IPE) and 2, 4, 24, 48, and 72 h post-exercise. Prior to resistance exercise, 10 subjects were randomly assigned to BCAA supplementation of 0.22 g/kg/d for 5 days pre-exercise and up to 72 h following exercise while the other 10 subjects consumed a placebo (PLCB). RESULTS There were no difference in autophagy markers or HSP70 expression between BCAA and PLCB groups. LC3II protein expression was significantly lower 2 and 4 h post-exercise compared to pre-exercise. LC3II: I ratio was not different at any time point compared to pre-exercise. Protein expression of p62 was lower IPE, 2, and 4 h post-exercise and elevated 24 h post-exercise. HSP70 expression was elevated 48 and 72 h post-exercise. CONCLUSIONS Autophagy and HSP70 are upregulated in PBMCs following intense resistance exercise with autophagy increasing initially post-exercise and HSP response in the latter period. Moreover, BCAA supplementation did not affect this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Escobar
- Physiology of Sport and Exercise Lab, Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA.
| | - Trisha A VanDusseldorp
- Bonafide Health, LLC p/b JDS Therapeutics, Harrison, NY, USA
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Jacksonville University, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Kelly E Johnson
- Department of Kinesiology, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC, USA
| | - Matthew Stratton
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - James J McCormick
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Terence Moriarity
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, USA
| | - Karol Dokladny
- Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Roger A Vaughan
- Department of Exercise Science, Congdon School of Health Sciences, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Chad M Kerksick
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, USA
| | - Len Kravitz
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Christine M Mermier
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Bopp L, Martinez ML, Schumacher C, Seitz R, Arana MH, Klapproth H, Lukas D, Oh JH, Neumayer D, Lackmann JW, Mueller S, von Stebut E, Brachvogel B, Brodesser S, Klein Geltink RI, Fabri M. Glutamine promotes human CD8 + T cells and counteracts imiquimod-induced T cell hyporesponsiveness. iScience 2024; 27:109767. [PMID: 38736545 PMCID: PMC11088342 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells protect tissues from cancer. Although investigations in mice showed that amino acids (AA) critically regulate T cell immunity, this remains poorly understood in humans. Here, we describe the AA composition of interstitial fluids in keratinocyte-derived skin cancers (KDSCs) and study the effect of AA on T cells using models of primary human cells and tissues. Gln contributed to ∼15% of interstitial AAs and promoted interferon gamma (IFN-γ), but not granzyme B (GzB) expression, in CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, the Toll-like receptor 7 agonist imiquimod (IMQ), a common treatment for KDSCs, down-regulated the metabolic gatekeepers c-MYC and mTORC1, as well as the AA transporter ASCT2 and intracellular Gln, Asn, Ala, and Asp in T cells. Reduced proliferation and IFN-γ expression, yet increased GzB, paralleled IMQ effects on AA. Finally, Gln was sufficient to promote IFN-γ-production in IMQ-treated T cells. Our findings indicate that Gln metabolism can be harnessed for treating KDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Bopp
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Lopéz Martinez
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Schumacher
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Robert Seitz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Huerta Arana
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Klapproth
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dominika Lukas
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ju Hee Oh
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daniela Neumayer
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan W. Lackmann
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Mueller
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Esther von Stebut
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bent Brachvogel
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Experimental Neonatology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne Brodesser
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Ramon I. Klein Geltink
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mario Fabri
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Chapman NM, Chi H. Metabolic rewiring and communication in cancer immunity. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:862-883. [PMID: 38428418 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The immune system shapes tumor development and progression. Although immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment, its overall efficacy remains limited, underscoring the need to uncover mechanisms to improve therapeutic effects. Metabolism-associated processes, including intracellular metabolic reprogramming and intercellular metabolic crosstalk, are emerging as instructive signals for anti-tumor immunity. Here, we first summarize the roles of intracellular metabolic pathways in controlling immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment. How intercellular metabolic communication regulates anti-tumor immunity, and the impact of metabolites or nutrients on signaling events, are also discussed. We then describe how targeting metabolic pathways in tumor cells or intratumoral immune cells or via nutrient-based interventions may boost cancer immunotherapies. Finally, we conclude with discussions on profiling and functional perturbation methods of metabolic activity in intratumoral immune cells, and perspectives on future directions. Uncovering the mechanisms for metabolic rewiring and communication in the tumor microenvironment may enable development of novel cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Chapman
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hongbo Chi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Yu H, Lin J, Yuan J, Sun X, Wang C, Bai B. Screening mitochondria-related biomarkers in skin and plasma of atopic dermatitis patients by bioinformatics analysis and machine learning. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1367602. [PMID: 38774875 PMCID: PMC11106410 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1367602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is a significant imbalance of mitochondrial activity and oxidative stress (OS) status in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). This study aims to screen skin and peripheral mitochondria-related biomarkers, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in AD. Methods Public data were obtained from MitoCarta 3.0 and GEO database. We screened mitochondria-related differentially expressed genes (MitoDEGs) using R language and then performed GO and KEGG pathway analysis on MitoDEGs. PPI and machine learning algorithms were also used to select hub MitoDEGs. Meanwhile, the expression of hub MitoDEGs in clinical samples were verified. Using ROC curve analysis, the diagnostic performance of risk model constructed from these hub MitoDEGs was evaluated in the training and validation sets. Further computer-aided algorithm analyses included gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), immune infiltration and mitochondrial metabolism, centered on these hub MitoDEGs. We also used real-time PCR and Spearman method to evaluate the relationship between plasma circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) levels and disease severity in AD patients. Results MitoDEGs in AD were significantly enriched in pathways involved in mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial metabolism, and mitochondrial membrane transport. Four hub genes (BAX, IDH3A, MRPS6, and GPT2) were selected to take part in the creation of a novel mitochondrial-based risk model for AD prediction. The risk score demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance in both the training cohort (AUC = 1.000) and the validation cohort (AUC = 0.810). Four hub MitoDEGs were also clearly associated with the innate immune cells' infiltration and the molecular modifications of mitochondrial hypermetabolism in AD. We further discovered that AD patients had considerably greater plasma ccf-mtDNA levels than controls (U = 92.0, p< 0.001). Besides, there was a significant relationship between the up-regulation of plasma mtDNA and the severity of AD symptoms. Conclusions The study highlights BAX, IDH3A, MRPS6 and GPT2 as crucial MitoDEGs and demonstrates their efficiency in identifying AD. Moderate to severe AD is associated with increased markers of mitochondrial damage and cellular stress (ccf=mtDNA). Our study provides data support for the variation in mitochondria-related functional characteristics of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bingxue Bai
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Wang C, Liu E, Zhang H, Shi H, Qiu G, Lu S, Han S, Jiang H, Liu H. Dietary Protein Optimization for Growth and Immune Enhancement in Juvenile Hybrid Sturgeon ( Acipenser baerii × A. schrenckii): Balancing Growth Performance, Serum Biochemistry, and Expression of Immune-Related Genes. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:324. [PMID: 38785806 PMCID: PMC11117904 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary protein levels on growth performance, serum indices, body amino acid composition, and intestinal gene expression in juvenile hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser baerii × A. schrenckii). Hybrid sturgeons (initial weight 29.21 ± 2.04 g) were fed isolipidic diets containing 30%, 33%, 36%, 39%, 42% or 45% crude protein for 12 weeks (n = 18 tanks, 30 fish/tank). Results showed significant differences between treatments, where weight gain and protein efficiency ratio peaked optimally between 35.9% and 38.3% dietary protein. Serum parameters such as glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, superoxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation levels varied significantly with changes in dietary protein levels. Specifically, the highest enzymatic activities and growth parameters were observed in groups fed with 33% to 39% protein, enhancing whole-body concentrations of lysine, leucine, phenylalanine, proline, and glutamic acid. Immune parameters such as immunoglobulin M and lysozyme activity also showed peak levels at higher protein concentrations, particularly notable at 42% for lysozyme and 36% for both component 3 and immunoglobulin M. Gene expression related to immune and growth pathways, including MyD88, TLR1, IL-8, IL-6, NF-κB, and IL1β, was significantly upregulated at protein levels of 33% to 36%, with a noted peak in expression at 39% for TLR1, IL-10, and TOR signaling genes, before diminishing at higher protein levels. Overall, the dietary protein requirement for juvenile hybrid sturgeon ranges from 35.9% to 38.3% crude protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang’an Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (C.W.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Entong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Honghe Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Guangwen Qiu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shaoxia Lu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (C.W.)
| | - Shicheng Han
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (C.W.)
| | - Haibo Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Hongbai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (C.W.)
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Zakharevich NV, Morozov MD, Kanaeva VA, Filippov MS, Zyubko TI, Ivanov AB, Ulyantsev VI, Klimina KM, Olekhnovich EI. Systemic metabolic depletion of gut microbiome undermines responsiveness to melanoma immunotherapy. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302480. [PMID: 38448159 PMCID: PMC10917649 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has proven to be a boon for patients battling metastatic melanoma, significantly improving their clinical condition and overall quality of life. A compelling link between the composition of the gut microbiome and the efficacy of immunotherapy has been established in both animal models and human patients. However, the precise biological mechanisms by which gut microbes influence treatment outcomes remain poorly understood. Using a robust dataset of 680 fecal metagenomes from melanoma patients, a detailed catalog of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) was constructed to explore the compositional and functional properties of the gut microbiome. Our study uncovered significant findings that deepen the understanding of the intricate relationship between gut microbes and the efficacy of melanoma immunotherapy. In particular, we discovered the specific metagenomic profile of patients with favorable treatment outcomes, characterized by a prevalence of MAGs with increased overall metabolic potential and proficiency in polysaccharide utilization, along with those responsible for cobalamin and amino acid production. Furthermore, our investigation of the biosynthetic pathways of short-chain fatty acids, known for their immunomodulatory role, revealed a differential abundance of these pathways among the specific MAGs. Among others, the cobalamin-dependent Wood-Ljungdahl pathway of acetate synthesis was directly associated with responsiveness to melanoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Zakharevich
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
| | - Maxim D Morozov
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
| | - Vera A Kanaeva
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian
| | - Mikhail S Filippov
- https://ror.org/04btxg914 Bioinformatics Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russian
| | - Tatyana I Zyubko
- https://ror.org/04btxg914 Bioinformatics Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russian
| | - Artem B Ivanov
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
- ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian
| | | | - Ksenia M Klimina
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
| | - Evgenii I Olekhnovich
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
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10
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Pang Q, Tang Z, Luo L. The crosstalk between oncogenic signaling and ferroptosis in cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 197:104349. [PMID: 38626848 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death regulation, was identified in 2012. It is characterized by unique features that differentiate it from other types of cell death, including necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis. Ferroptosis is defined by an abundance of iron ions and lipid peroxidation, resulting in alterations in subcellular structures, an elevation in reactive oxygen species (ROS), a reduction in glutathione (GSH) levels, and an augmentation in Fe (II) cytokines. Ferroptosis, a regulated process, is controlled by an intricate network of signaling pathways, where multiple stimuli can either enhance or hinder the process. This review primarily examines the defensive mechanisms of ferroptosis and its interaction with the tumor microenvironment. The analysis focuses on the pathways that involve AMPK, p53, NF2, mTOR, System Xc-, Wnt, Hippo, Nrf2, and cGAS-STING. The text discusses the possibilities of employing a combination therapy that targets several pathways for the treatment of cancer. It emphasizes the necessity for additional study in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianghu Pang
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Zhirou Tang
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang,School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine. Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China.
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11
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Chen Y, Chen Z, Wang W, Wang Y, Zhu J, Wang X, Huang W. Investigating the effects of Laggera pterodonta on H3N2-Induced inflammatory and immune responses through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation in a mice model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29487. [PMID: 38665556 PMCID: PMC11043942 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
For centuries, Laggera pterodonta (LP), a Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely employed for treating respiratory infectious diseases; however, the mechanism underlying LP's effectiveness against the influenza A/Aichi/2/1968 virus (H3N2) remains elusive. This study aims to shed light on the mechanism by which LP combats influenza in H3N2-infected mice. First, we conducted quasi-targeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify LP components. Subsequently, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and simulation were conducted to screen candidate targets associated with AKT and NF-κB. In addition, we conducted a series of experiments including qPCR, hematoxylin-eosin staining, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to provide evidence that LP treatment in H3N2-infected mice can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1) while increasing T cells (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+) and syndecan-1 and secretory IgA expression. This, in turn, aids in the prevention of excessive inflammation and the fortification of immunity, both of which are compromised by H3N2. Finally, we utilized a Western blot assay to confirm that LP indeed inhibits the AKT/NF-κB signaling cascade. Thus, the efficacy of LP serves as a cornerstone in establishing a theoretical foundation for influenza treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaorong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
- Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zexing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
- Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
- Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Jinyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
- Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
- Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
- Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Lakhani A, Chen X, Chen LC, Hong M, Khericha M, Chen Y, Chen YY, Park JO. Extracellular domains of CARs reprogramme T cell metabolism without antigen stimulation. Nat Metab 2024:10.1038/s42255-024-01034-7. [PMID: 38658805 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Metabolism is an indispensable part of T cell proliferation, activation and exhaustion, yet the metabolism of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells remains incompletely understood. CARs are composed of extracellular domains-often single-chain variable fragments (scFvs)-that determine ligand specificity and intracellular domains that trigger signalling following antigen binding. Here, we show that CARs differing only in the scFv variously reprogramme T cell metabolism. Even without exposure to antigens, some CARs increase proliferation and nutrient uptake in T cells. Using stable isotope tracers and mass spectrometry, we observed basal metabolic fluxes through glycolysis doubling and amino acid uptake overtaking anaplerosis in CAR-T cells harbouring a rituximab scFv, unlike other similar anti-CD20 scFvs. Disparate rituximab and 14G2a-based anti-GD2 CAR-T cells are similarly hypermetabolic and channel excess nutrients to nitrogen overflow metabolism. Modest overflow metabolism of CAR-T cells and metabolic compatibility between cancer cells and CAR-T cells are identified as features of efficacious CAR-T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Lakhani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ximin Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Laurence C Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mihe Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mobina Khericha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yvonne Y Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Junyoung O Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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13
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Li NZ, Wang ZX, Zhang F, Feng CZ, Chen Y, Liu DJ, Chen SB, Jin Y, Zhang YL, Xie YY, Huang QH, Wang L, Li B, Sun XJ. Threonine dehydrogenase regulates neutrophil homeostasis but not H3K4me3 levels in zebrafish. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38652546 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
l-threonine dehydrogenase (Tdh) is an enzyme that links threonine metabolism to epigenetic modifications and mitochondria biogenesis. In vitro studies show that it is critical for the regulation of trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) levels and cell fate determination of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). However, whether Tdh regulates a developmental process in vivo and, if it does, whether it also primarily regulates H3K4me3 levels in this process as it does in mESCs, remains elusive. Here, we revealed that, in zebrafish hematopoiesis, tdh is preferentially expressed in neutrophils. Knockout of tdh causes a decrease in neutrophil number and slightly suppresses their acute injury-induced migration, but, unlike the mESCs, the level of H3K4me3 is not evidently reduced in neutrophils sorted from the kidney marrow of adult tdh-null zebrafish. These phenotypes are dependent on the enzymatic activity of Tdh. Importantly, a soluble supplement of nutrients that are able to fuel the acetyl-CoA pool, such as pyruvate, glucose and branched-chain amino acids, is sufficient to rescue the reduction in neutrophils caused by tdh deletion. In summary, our study presents evidence for the functional requirement of Tdh-mediated threonine metabolism in a developmental process in vivo. It also provides an animal model for investigating the nutritional regulation of myelopoiesis and immune response, as well as a useful tool for high-throughput drug/nutrition screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Zhe Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Chang-Zhou Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Dian-Jia Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Shu-Bei Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yuan-Liang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yin-Yin Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Qiu-Hua Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Lan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Omics and Diseases, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
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14
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Wan J, Ding J, Zhang X, Hu X, Chen R, Han S. Exploration of the Amino Acid Metabolic Profiling and Pathway in Clonorchis sinensis-Infected Rats Revealed by the Targeted Metabolomic Analysis. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024. [PMID: 38574253 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Clonorchiasis remains a serious public health problem. However, the molecular mechanism underlying clonorchiasis remains largely unknown. Amino acid (AA) metabolism plays key roles in protein synthesis and energy sources, and improves immunity in pathological conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the AA profiles of spleen in clonorchiasis and speculate the interaction between the host and parasite. Methods: Here targeted ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry was applied to discover the AA profiles in spleen of rats infected with Clonorchis sinensis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis (KEGG) was performed to characterize the dysregulated metabolic pathways. Results: Pathway analysis revealed that phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis and β-alanine metabolism were significantly altered in clonorchiasis. There were no significant correlations between 14 significant differential AAs and interleukin (IL)-1β. Although arginine, asparagine, histidine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine were positively correlated with IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α as well as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase; β-alanine and 4-hydroxyproline were negatively correlated with IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α. Conclusion: This study reveals the dysregulation of AA metabolism in clonorchiasis and provides a useful insight of metabolic mechanisms at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Su Han
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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15
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Anh NK, Yen NTH, Tien NTN, Phat NK, Park YJ, Kim HS, Vu DH, Oh JY, Kim DH, Long NP. Metabolic phenotyping and global functional analysis facilitate metabolic signature discovery for tuberculosis treatment monitoring. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167064. [PMID: 38342417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Tracking alterations in polar metabolite and lipid levels during anti-tuberculosis (TB) interventions is an emerging biomarker discovery and validation approach due to its sensitivity in capturing changes and reflecting on the host status. Here, we employed deep plasma metabolic phenotyping to explore the TB patient metabolome during three phases of treatment: at baseline, during intensive phase treatment, and upon treatment completion. Differential metabolites (DMs) in each period were determined, and the pathway-level biological alterations were explored by untargeted metabolomics-guided functional interpretations that bypassed identification. We identified 41 DMs and 39 pathways that changed during intensive phase completion. Notably, levels of certain amino acids including histidine, bile acids, and metabolites of purine metabolism were dramatically increased. The altered pathways included those involved in the metabolism of amino acids, glycerophospholipids, and purine. At the end of treatment, 44 DMs were discovered. The levels of glutamine, bile acids, and lysophosphatidylinositol significantly increased compared to baseline; the levels of carboxylates and hypotaurine declined. In addition, 37 pathways principally associated with the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, and glycan altered at treatment completion. The potential of each DM for diagnosing TB was examined using a cohort consisting of TB patients, those with latent infections, and controls. Logistic regression revealed four biomarkers (taurine, methionine, glutamine, and acetyl-carnitine) that exhibited excellent performance in differential diagnosis. In conclusion, we identified metabolites that could serve as useful metabolic signatures for TB management and elucidated underlying biological processes affected by the crosstalk between host and TB pathogen during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Ky Anh
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Thi Hai Yen
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Tran Nam Tien
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Ky Phat
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Park
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Sook Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinh Hoa Vu
- The National Centre of Drug Information and Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi 11021, Vietnam
| | - Jee Youn Oh
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Phuoc Long
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Chu C, Liu S, Nie L, Hu H, Liu Y, Yang J. The interactions and biological pathways among metabolomics products of patients with coronary heart disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116305. [PMID: 38422653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Through bioinformatics analysis, this study explores the interactions and biological pathways involving metabolomic products in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS A comprehensive search for relevant studies focusing on metabolomics analysis in CHD patients was conducted across databases including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Nature, Web of Science, Springer, and Science Direct. Metabolites reported in the literature underwent statistical analysis and summarization, with the identification of differential metabolites. The pathways associated with these metabolites were examined using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Molecular annotation of metabolites and their relationships with enzymes or transporters were elucidated through analysis with the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB). Visual representation of the properties related to these metabolites was achieved using Metabolomics Pathway Analysis (metPA). RESULTS A total of 13 literatures satisfying the criteria for enrollment were included. A total of 91 metabolites related to CHD were preliminarily screened, and 87 effective metabolites were obtained after the unrecognized metabolites were excluded. A total of 45 pathways were involved. Through the topology analysis (TPA) of pathways, their influence values were calculated, and 13 major metabolic pathways were selected. The pathways such as Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, Citrate cycle (TCA cycle), Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism primarily involved the regulation of processes and metabolites related to inflammation, oxidative stress, one-carbon metabolism, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, immune regulation, and nitric oxide expression. CONCLUSION Multiple pathways, including Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, Citrate cycle (TCA cycle), Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, were involved in the occurrence of CHD. The occurrence of CHD is primarily associated with the regulation of processes and metabolites related to inflammation, oxidative stress, one-carbon metabolism, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, immune regulation, and nitric oxide expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Shengquan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Liangui Nie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Hongming Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China.
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17
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Yang J, Liu J, Kuang W, Lin Y, Zhong S, Kraithong S, Zhang X, Wong IN, Huang R. Structural characterization and ferroptosis-related immunomodulatory of a novel exopolysaccharide isolated from marine fungus Aspergillus medius. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130703. [PMID: 38458279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Marine fungal exopolysaccharides play a crucial role in immunoregulation. In this investigation, a novel polysaccharide was extracted from the culture medium of the marine fungus Aspergillus medius SCAU-236. Compositional analysis revealed a structure composed of glucose units with (1,4)-α-D-Glcp, (1,3,4)-β-D-Glcp, and (1,4,6)-α-D-Glcp, along with side chains of 1-α-D-Glcp linked to carbon 6 of (1,4,6)-α-D-Glcp and carbon 3 of (1,3,4)-β-D-Glcp. Functional evaluations on RAW264.7 macrophage cells demonstrated Aspergillus medius polysaccharide (ASMP)'s effects on cell proliferation, nitric oxide levels, and the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β cytokines. Additionally, metabolomics indicated ASMP's potential to modulate macrophage immune function by impacting key regulatory molecules, including COX-2, iNOS, Nrf2, SLC7A11, GPX4, and ACSL4. The Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis and ACSL4 were suggested to be involved in ASMP-induced ferroptosis, leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and lipid peroxidation. These findings propose a unique mechanism by which ASMP exerts immunomodulatory effects through ferroptosis induction, contributing to the understanding of marine-derived compounds in immunomodulation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Weiyang Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuqi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Supaluck Kraithong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Io Nam Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macau.
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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18
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Zhang Q, Wang H, Zhang S, Chen M, Gao Z, Sun J, Wang J, Fu L. Metabolomics identifies phenotypic biomarkers of amino acid metabolism in milk allergy and sensitized tolerance. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024:S0091-6749(24)00293-8. [PMID: 38522626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A substantial proportion of sensitized individuals tolerate suspected foods without developing allergic symptoms; this phenomenon is known as sensitized tolerance. The immunogenic and metabolic features underlying the sensitized-tolerant phenotype remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to uncover the metabolic signatures associated with clinical milk allergy (MA) and sensitized tolerance using metabolomics. METHODS We characterized the serum metabolic and immunologic profiles of children with clinical IgE-mediated MA (n = 30) or milk-sensitized tolerance (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 21). A comparative analysis was performed to identify dysregulated pathways associated with the clinical manifestations of food allergy. We also analyzed specific biomarkers indicative of different sensitization phenotypes in children with MA. The candidate metabolites were validated in an independent quantification cohort (n = 41). RESULTS Metabolomic profiling confirmed the presence of a distinct metabolic signature that discriminated children with MA from those with milk-sensitized tolerance. Amino acid metabolites generated via arginine, proline, and glutathione metabolism were uniquely altered in children with sensitized tolerance. Arginine depletion and metabolism through the polyamine pathway to fuel glutamate synthesis were closely associated with suppression of clinical symptoms in the presence of allergen-specific IgE. In children with MA, the polysensitized state was characterized by disturbances in tryptophan metabolism. CONCLUSIONS By combining untargeted metabolomics with targeted validation in an independent quantification cohort, we identified candidate metabolites as phenotypic and diagnostic biomarkers of food allergy. Our results provide insights into the pathologic mechanisms underlying childhood allergy and suggest potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhi Zhang
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenyu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China
| | - Mingwu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China
| | - Zhongshan Gao
- Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinlyu Sun
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jizhou Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China.
| | - Linglin Fu
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.
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19
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Zhao Y, Ma C, Cai R, Xin L, Li Y, Ke L, Ye W, Ouyang T, Liang J, Wu R, Lin Y. NMR and MS reveal characteristic metabolome atlas and optimize esophageal squamous cell carcinoma early detection. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2463. [PMID: 38504100 PMCID: PMC10951220 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes precede malignant histology. However, it remains unclear whether detectable characteristic metabolome exists in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and biofluids for early diagnosis. Here, we conduct NMR- and MS-based metabolomics on 1,153 matched ESCC tissues, normal mucosae, pre- and one-week post-operative sera and urines from 560 participants across three hospitals, with machine learning and WGCNA. Aberrations in 'alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism' proved to be prevalent throughout the ESCC evolution, consistently identified by NMR and MS, and reflected in 16 serum and 10 urine metabolic signatures in both discovery and validation sets. NMR-based simplified panels of any five serum or urine metabolites outperform clinical serological tumor markers (AUC = 0.984 and 0.930, respectively), and are effective in distinguishing early-stage ESCC in test set (serum accuracy = 0.994, urine accuracy = 0.879). Collectively, NMR-based biofluid screening can reveal characteristic metabolic events of ESCC and be feasible for early detection (ChiCTR2300073613).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Radiology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Central Laboratory, Clinical Research Center, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changchun Ma
- Radiation Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongzhi Cai
- Radiology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijing Xin
- Animal Imaging and Technology Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixin Ke
- Radiology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Radiology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Ouyang
- Radiology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahao Liang
- Radiology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Renhua Wu
- Radiology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yan Lin
- Radiology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
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20
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Chen X, Ma Z, Yi Z, Wu E, Shang Z, Tuo B, Li T, Liu X. The effects of metabolism on the immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:118. [PMID: 38453888 PMCID: PMC10920911 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01865-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy that is widely prevalent worldwide. Due to its unsatisfactory treatment outcome and extremely poor prognosis, many studies on the molecular mechanisms and pathological mechanisms of CRC have been published in recent years. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an extremely important feature of tumorigenesis and one of the hallmarks of tumor development. Metabolic reprogramming is currently a hot topic in tumor research, and studies on this topic have provided important insights into CRC development. In particular, metabolic reprogramming in cancer causes changes in the composition of energy and nutrients in the TME. Furthermore, it can alter the complex crosstalk between immune cells and associated immune factors, such as associated macrophages and T cells, which play important immune roles in the TME, in turn affecting the immune escape of tumors by altering immune surveillance. In this review, we summarize several metabolism-related processes affecting the immune microenvironment of CRC tumors. Our results showed that the immune microenvironment is regulated by metabolic reprogramming and influences the development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Enqin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhengye Shang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Dalian Road 149, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China.
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21
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Raynor JL, Chi H. Nutrients: Signal 4 in T cell immunity. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20221839. [PMID: 38411744 PMCID: PMC10899091 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells are integral in mediating adaptive immunity to infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. Upon immune challenge, T cells exit from a quiescent state, followed by clonal expansion and effector differentiation. These processes are shaped by three established immune signals, namely antigen stimulation (Signal 1), costimulation (Signal 2), and cytokines (Signal 3). Emerging findings reveal that nutrients, including glucose, amino acids, and lipids, are crucial regulators of T cell responses and interplay with Signals 1-3, highlighting nutrients as Signal 4 to license T cell immunity. Here, we first summarize the functional importance of Signal 4 and the underlying mechanisms of nutrient transport, sensing, and signaling in orchestrating T cell activation and quiescence exit. We also discuss the roles of nutrients in programming T cell differentiation and functional fitness and how nutrients can be targeted to improve disease therapy. Understanding how T cells respond to Signal 4 nutrients in microenvironments will provide insights into context-dependent functions of adaptive immunity and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana L Raynor
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hongbo Chi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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22
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Zhao Y, Hu J, Zhou Z, Li L, Zhang X, He Y, Zhang C, Wang J, Hong G. Biofortified Rice Provides Rich Sakuranetin in Endosperm. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 17:19. [PMID: 38430431 PMCID: PMC10908774 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00697-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Sakuranetin plays a key role as a phytoalexin in plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and possesses diverse health-promoting benefits. However, mature rice seeds do not contain detectable levels of sakuranetin. In the present study, a transgenic rice plant was developed in which the promoter of an endosperm-specific glutelin gene OsGluD-1 drives the expression of a specific enzyme naringenin 7-O-methyltransferase (NOMT) for sakuranetin biosynthesis. The presence of naringenin, which serves as the biosynthetic precursor of sakuranetin made this modification feasible in theory. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) validated that the seeds of transgenic rice accumulated remarkable sakuranetin at the mature stage, and higher at the filling stage. In addition, the panicle blast resistance of transgenic rice was significantly higher than that of the wild type. Specially, the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) imaging was performed to detect the content and spatial distribution of sakuranetin and other nutritional metabolites in transgenic rice seeds. Notably, this genetic modification also did not change the nutritional and quality indicators such as soluble sugars, total amino acids, total flavonoids, amylose, total protein, and free amino acid content in rice. Meanwhile, the phenotypes of the transgenic plant during the whole growth and developmental periods and agricultural traits such as grain width, grain length, and 1000-grain weight exhibited no significant differences from the wild type. Collectively, the study provides a conceptual advance on cultivating sakuranetin-rich biofortified rice by metabolic engineering. This new breeding idea may not only enhance the disease resistance of cereal crop seeds but also improve the nutritional value of grains for human health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jitao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongjing Zhou
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqing He
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gaojie Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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23
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Siddiqui SA, Bhowmik S, Afreen M, Ucak İ, Ikram A, Gerini F, Mehdizadeh M, Ayivi RD, Castro-Muñoz R. Bodybuilders and high-level meat consumers' behavior towards rabbit, beef, chicken, turkey, and lamb meat: A comparative review. Nutrition 2024; 119:112305. [PMID: 38199031 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
In bodybuilders' diets, protein plays a crucial role in supporting muscle growth and repairing damaged muscle tissue. These individuals meet their protein needs by combining dietary sources with supplements. Animal-based proteins are often preferred over plant-based proteins because they are believed to better support muscle protein synthesis. This review explores the meat consumption patterns of bodybuilders and high-level meat consumers, focusing on rabbit, beef, chicken, turkey, and lamb. We describe and compare the types of meat bodybuilders commonly consume and provide an overview of protein supplements, including meat-based options, plant-based alternatives, and whey-based products. Our aim is to gain insight into the dietary preferences of bodybuilders and high-level meat consumers, considering their nutritional requirements and the potential effect on the meat industry. We conducted an extensive search across various databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. We found that individual choices vary based on factors such as attitudes, trust, taste, texture, nutritional content, ethical considerations, and cultural influences. Nutritional factors, including protein content, amino acid profiles, and fat levels, significantly influence the preferences of bodybuilders and high-level meat consumers. However, it is crucial to maintain a balance by incorporating other essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, healthy fats, vitamins, and minerals to ensure a complete and balanced diet. The findings from this review can inform strategies and product development initiatives tailored to the needs of bodybuilders and discerning meat enthusiasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Biotechnology and Sustainability, Straubing, Germany; German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Shuva Bhowmik
- Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Maliha Afreen
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Animal Production and Technologies Department, Niğde, Turkey
| | - İlknur Ucak
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Animal Production and Technologies Department, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Ali Ikram
- University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Francesca Gerini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mohammad Mehdizadeh
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Raphael D Ayivi
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 80 - 233, Gdansk, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Poland.
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24
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Xia R, Peng HF, Zhang X, Zhang HS. Comprehensive review of amino acid transporters as therapeutic targets. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129646. [PMID: 38272411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The solute carrier (SLC) family, with more than 400 membrane-bound proteins, facilitates the transport of a wide array of substrates such as nutrients, ions, metabolites, and drugs across biological membranes. Amino acid transporters (AATs) are membrane transport proteins that mediate transfer of amino acids into and out of cells or cellular organelles. AATs participate in many important physiological functions including nutrient supply, metabolic transformation, energy homeostasis, redox regulation, and neurological regulation. Several AATs have been found to significantly impact the progression of human malignancies, and dysregulation of AATs results in metabolic reprogramming affecting tumor growth and progression. However, current clinical therapies that directly target AATs have not been developed. The purpose of this review is to highlight the structural and functional diversity of AATs, the molecular mechanisms in human diseases such as tumors, kidney diseases, and emerging therapeutic strategies for targeting AATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xia
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Pingleyuan 100(#), District of Chaoyang, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hai-Feng Peng
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Pingleyuan 100(#), District of Chaoyang, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Pingleyuan 100(#), District of Chaoyang, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Pingleyuan 100(#), District of Chaoyang, Beijing 100124, China.
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25
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Huldani H, Malviya J, Rodrigues P, Hjazi A, Deorari MM, Al-Hetty HRAK, Qasim QA, Alasheqi MQ, Ihsan A. Discovering the strength of immunometabolism in cancer therapy: Employing metabolic pathways to enhance immune responses. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3934. [PMID: 38379261 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Immunometabolism, which studies cellular metabolism and immune cell function, is a possible cancer treatment. Metabolic pathways regulate immune cell activation, differentiation, and effector functions, crucial to tumor identification and elimination. Immune evasion and tumor growth can result from tumor microenvironment metabolic dysregulation. These metabolic pathways can boost antitumor immunity. This overview discusses immune cell metabolism, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. Amino acid and lipid metabolic manipulations may improve immune cell activity and antitumor immunity. Combination therapy using immunometabolism-based strategies may enhance therapeutic efficacy. The complexity of the metabolic network, biomarker development, challenges, and future approaches are all covered, along with a summary of case studies demonstrating the effectiveness of immunometabolism-based therapy. Metabolomics, stable isotope tracing, single-cell analysis, and computational modeling are also reviewed for immunometabolism research. Personalized and combination treatments are considered. This review adds to immunometabolism expertise and sheds light on metabolic treatments' ability to boost cancer treatment immunological response. Also, in this review, we discussed the immune response in cancer treatment and altering metabolic pathways to increase the immune response against malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huldani Huldani
- Department of Physiology, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Jitendra Malviya
- Institute of Advance Bioinformatics, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Paul Rodrigues
- Department of Computer Engineering, King Khalid University, Al-Faraa, Asir-Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Medha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | | | | | | | - Ali Ihsan
- Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
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26
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Li S, Yu Y, Xie P, Zhu X, Yang C, Wang L, Zhang S. Antifungal Activities of L-Methionine and L-Arginine Treatment In Vitro and In Vivo against Botrytis cinerea. Microorganisms 2024; 12:360. [PMID: 38399764 PMCID: PMC10891807 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is a common postharvest fungal disease in fruit and vegetables. The prevention and treatment of postharvest gray mold has been one of the hot research issues addressed by researchers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of L-methionine and L-arginine on Botrytis cinerea in vitro and on cherry tomato fruit. The results of the in vitro experiment showed that L-methionine and L-arginine had significant inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth and spore germination of Botrytis cinerea, and the inhibitory effects were enhanced with increasing L-methionine or L-arginine concentration. In addition, L-methionine and L-arginine treatment increased the leakage of Botrytis cinerea electrolytes, proteins and nucleic acids. The experiment involving propidium iodide staining and malondialdehyde content assay also confirmed that L-methionine and L-arginine treatment could lead to cell membrane rupture and lipid peroxidation. The results of scanning electron microscopy further verified that the morphology of hyphae was damaged, deformed, dented and wrinkled after treatment with L-methionine or L-arginine. Fruit inoculation experiments displayed that L-methionine and L-arginine treatments significantly inhibited the occurrence and development of gray mold in postharvest cherry tomato. Therefore, treatment with L-methionine or L-arginine might be an effective means to control postharvest gray mold in fruit and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shaoying Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (S.L.); (P.X.); (C.Y.)
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27
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Wang S, Zhao Y, Yao S, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Wen K, Ma B, Li L. Chirality of Copper-Amino Acid Nanoparticles Determines Chemodynamic Cancer Therapeutic Outcome. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2309328. [PMID: 38308407 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Chirality is a prevalent characteristic in nature, where biological systems exhibit a significant preference for specific enantiomers of biomolecules. However, there is a limited exploration into utilizing nanomaterials' chirality to modulate their interactions with intracellular substances. In this study, self-assembled copper-cysteine chiral nanoparticles and explore the influence of their charity on cancer chemodynamic therapy (CDT) are fabricated. Experimental and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results demonstrate that the copper-l-cysteine chiral nanoparticles (Cu-l-Cys NPs) exhibit a stronger affinity toward l-glutathione (l-GSH) that is overproduced in cancer cells, compared to the copper-d-cysteine enantiomer (Cu-d-Cys NPs). The interaction between Cu-l-Cys NPs and l-GSH triggers a redox reaction that depletes l-GSH and converts Cu2+ into Cu+ . Subsequently, Cu+ catalyzes a Fenton-like reaction, decomposing H2 O2 into highly cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) for cancer CDT. In vivo, results confirm that Cu-l-Cys NPs with good biocompatibility elicit a pronounced cancer cell death and effectively inhibit tumor growth. This work proposes a new perspective on chirality-enhanced cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Wang
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Yunchao Zhao
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Shuncheng Yao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Wen
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Baojin Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Li
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Jin XK, Zhang SM, Liang JL, Zhang SK, Qin YT, Huang QX, Liu CJ, Zhang XZ. A PD-L1-targeting Regulator for Metabolic Reprogramming to Enhance Glutamine Inhibition-Mediated Synergistic Antitumor Metabolic and Immune Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309094. [PMID: 38014890 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of glutamine metabolism in tumor cells can cause metabolic compensation-mediated glycolysis enhancement and PD-L1 upregulation-induced immune evasion, significantly limiting the therapeutic efficacy of glutamine inhibitors. Here, inspired by the specific binding of receptor and ligand, a PD-L1-targeting metabolism and immune regulator (PMIR) are constructed by decorating the glutaminase inhibitor (BPTES)-loading zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) with PD-L1-targeting peptides for regulating the metabolism within the tumor microenvironment (TME) to improve immunotherapy. At tumor sites, PMIR inhibits glutamine metabolism of tumor cells for elevating glutamine levels within the TME to improve the function of immune cells. Ingeniously, the accompanying PD-L1 upregulation on tumor cells causes self-amplifying accumulation of PMIR through PD-L1 targeting, while also blocking PD-L1, which has the effects of converting enemies into friends. Meanwhile, PMIR exactly offsets the compensatory glycolysis, while disrupting the redox homeostasis in tumor cells via the cooperation of components of the ZIF and BPTES. These together cause immunogenic cell death of tumor cells and relieve PD-L1-mediated immune evasion, further reshaping the immunosuppressive TME and evoking robust immune responses to effectively suppress bilateral tumor progression and metastasis. This work proposes a rational strategy to surmount the obstacles in glutamine inhibition for boosting existing clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Kang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Man Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Long Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Shun-Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - You-Teng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Qian-Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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Liu S, Mochizuki M, Suzuki Y, Takemasa E, Yano A, Imai M, Mogi M. Dietary leucine supplementation restores T-cell mitochondrial respiration and regulates T-lineage differentiation in denervation-induced sarcopenic mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109508. [PMID: 37898392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of offsetting immune dysfunction preceded by sarcopenia, the feasibility and efficiency of nutritional leucine supplementation were evaluated using a murine denervation-induced sarcopenia model. Sciatic nerve axotomy caused significant loss of skeletal muscle of the hind limbs and accelerated mitochondrial stress along with suppressed ATP production in spleen-derived T cells. Dietary leucine intake not only ameliorated muscle mass anabolism in a sarcopenic state, but also restored mitochondrial respiratory function, as indicated by elevated levels of basal respiration, maximal respiration, spare respiratory capacity, and ATP production, in T cells, which in turn led to downregulated expression of mTOR and downstream signals, as indicated by the findings of comprehensive transcriptome analysis. Consequentially, this finally resulted in amelioration of the sarcopenia-induced relative Th1/Th17-dominant proinflammatory microenvironment. These results highlight the importance of leucine-promoted metabolic cues in directing T cell fate in a sarcopenic microenvironment. The present study provides insights that particularly help rationalize the design and optimization of leucine supplementation for chronic sarcopenic patients with autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsugawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
| | - Marii Mochizuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsugawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsugawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan; Department of Anesthesiology, Saiseikai Matsuyama Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan; Research Division, Saiseikai Research Institute of Health Care and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Erika Takemasa
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsugawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Akiko Yano
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsugawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Matome Imai
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsugawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsugawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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I Kutyavin V, Korn LL, Medzhitov R. Nutrient-derived signals regulate eosinophil adaptation to the small intestine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316446121. [PMID: 38271336 PMCID: PMC10835075 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316446121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are well recognized as effector cells of type 2 immunity, yet they also accumulate in many tissues under homeostatic conditions. However, the processes that govern homeostatic eosinophil accumulation and tissue-specific adaptation, and their functional significance, remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated how eosinophils adapt to the small intestine (SI) microenvironment and the local signals that regulate this process. We observed that eosinophils gradually migrate along the crypt-villus axis, giving rise to a villus-resident subpopulation with a distinct transcriptional signature. Retinoic acid signaling was specifically required for maintenance of this subpopulation, while IL-5 was largely dispensable outside of its canonical role in eosinophil production. Surprisingly, we found that a high-protein diet suppressed the accumulation of villus-resident eosinophils. Purified amino acids were sufficient for this effect, which was a consequence of accelerated eosinophil turnover within the tissue microenvironment and was not due to altered development in the bone marrow. Our study provides insight into the process of eosinophil adaptation to the SI, highlighting its reliance on nutrient-derived signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassily I Kutyavin
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Lisa L Korn
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- HHMI, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
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Verheijen FWM, Tran TNM, Chang JC, Broere F, Zaal EA, Berkers CR. Deciphering metabolic crosstalk in context: lessons from inflammatory diseases. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38275212 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolism plays a crucial role in regulating the function of immune cells in both health and disease, with altered metabolism contributing to the pathogenesis of cancer and many inflammatory diseases. The local microenvironment has a profound impact on the metabolism of immune cells. Therefore, immunological and metabolic heterogeneity as well as the spatial organization of cells in tissues should be taken into account when studying immunometabolism. Here, we highlight challenges of investigating metabolic communication. Additionally, we review the capabilities and limitations of current technologies for studying metabolism in inflamed microenvironments, including single-cell omics techniques, flow cytometry-based methods (Met-Flow, single-cell energetic metabolism by profiling translation inhibition (SCENITH)), cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF), cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing (CITE-Seq), and mass spectrometry imaging. Considering the importance of metabolism in regulating immune cells in diseased states, we also discuss the applications of metabolomics in clinical research, as well as some hurdles to overcome to implement these techniques in standard clinical practice. Finally, we provide a flowchart to assist scientists in designing effective strategies to unravel immunometabolism in disease-relevant contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenne W M Verheijen
- Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Thi N M Tran
- Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Jung-Chin Chang
- Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Broere
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Esther A Zaal
- Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Celia R Berkers
- Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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Patil TD, Ghosh S, Agarwal A, Patel SKS, Tripathi AD, Mahato DK, Kumar P, Slama P, Pavlik A, Haque S. Production, optimization, scale up and characterization of polyhydoxyalkanoates copolymers utilizing dairy processing waste. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1620. [PMID: 38238404 PMCID: PMC10796949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbial biotransformation using low-cost feedstock to produce biopolymers (degradable), an alternative to petrochemical-based synthesis plastics (non-degradable), can be a beneficial approach towards sustainable development. In this study, the dairy industry processes waste (whey) is used in polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymer production. Initial screening suggested that Ralstonia eutropha produced higher PHA as compared to Bacillus megaterium. A central composite rotatable design-based optimization using two process variables (amino acid and tween-80) concentration remarkably influenced PHA co-polymer production under physiological conditions of pH (7), temperature (37 °C), and agitation rate of 150 rpm. High polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) mass fraction yield of 69.3% was observed as compared to predicted yield of 62.8% from deproteinized whey as feed. The combination of tryptophan (50 mg L-1) and tween-80 (3 mL-1) enhanced R. eutropha mass gain to 6.80 g L-1 with PHB contents of 4.71 g L-1. Further, characterization of PHA and its copolymers was done by ESI-MS, FTIR, and TEM. On upscaling up to 3.0 L, the PHA contents and yields were noted as quite similar by R. eutropha. This study demonstrates that dairy waste processing waste can be potentially utilized as inexpensive feed for producing high content of biopolymers to develop a sustainable system of waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini Dhanaji Patil
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Saptaneel Ghosh
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Aparna Agarwal
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, Lady Irwin College, Delhi University, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | | | - Abhishek Dutt Tripathi
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
| | - Dipendra Kumar Mahato
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, CASS Food Research Centre, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Petr Slama
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Pavlik
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut-1102 2801, Lebanon
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman-13306, United Arab Emirates
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Kloc M, Halasa M, Kubiak JZ, Ghobrial RM. Invertebrate Immunity, Natural Transplantation Immunity, Somatic and Germ Cell Parasitism, and Transposon Defense. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1072. [PMID: 38256145 PMCID: PMC10815962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
While the vertebrate immune system consists of innate and adaptive branches, invertebrates only have innate immunity. This feature makes them an ideal model system for studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms of innate immunity sensu stricto without reciprocal interferences from adaptive immunity. Although invertebrate immunity is evolutionarily older and a precursor of vertebrate immunity, it is far from simple. Despite lacking lymphocytes and functional immunoglobulin, the invertebrate immune system has many sophisticated mechanisms and features, such as long-term immune memory, which, for decades, have been exclusively attributed to adaptive immunity. In this review, we describe the cellular and molecular aspects of invertebrate immunity, including the epigenetic foundation of innate memory, the transgenerational inheritance of immunity, genetic immunity against invading transposons, the mechanisms of self-recognition, natural transplantation, and germ/somatic cell parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Kloc
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Transplant Immunology, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.H.); (R.M.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Genetics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marta Halasa
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Transplant Immunology, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.H.); (R.M.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jacek Z. Kubiak
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute (WIM-PIB), Szaserow 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland;
- Dynamics and Mechanics of Epithelia Group, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, University of Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6290, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Rafik M. Ghobrial
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Transplant Immunology, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.H.); (R.M.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Liang X, Diao E, Qian S, Song H, Xiang X, Gou X, Hu X. Comparative metabolomic analysis and antigenicity comparison of cow milk and enzymatically treated cow milk. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:536-545. [PMID: 37621148 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amino acids (AAs) are important protein building blocks that play a critical role in the function of the immune system. However, comprehensive comparative metabolomics and antigenicity analyses of cow milk (CM) and enzymatically treated CM are relatively scarce. This study analyzed the AAs in the CM and Flavourzyme-treated milk groups (FT), and their antigenicity was also explored. RESULTS Overall, 50 AAs were detected in the CM and FT groups, with 23 significantly different AAs. The interaction network of these significantly different AAs was analyzed, and 34 significantly different metabolic pathways were found to be involved. It was also found that the antigenicity of the FT group was significantly reduced in comparison with that of the CM group. CONCLUSION These results enhance our understanding of AAs and antigenicity regarding CM and FT, and provide new ideas and directions for the development of high-quality hypoallergenic dairy products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Liang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety & Nutrition Function Evaluation, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Enjie Diao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety & Nutrition Function Evaluation, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Shiquan Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety & Nutrition Function Evaluation, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Huwei Song
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety & Nutrition Function Evaluation, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Xinran Xiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety & Nutrition Function Evaluation, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Xiurong Gou
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Xiumin Hu
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
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35
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Liu Q, Yan X, Li R, Yuan Y, Wang J, Zhao Y, Fu J, Su J. Polyamine Signal through HCC Microenvironment: A Key Regulator of Mitochondrial Preservation and Turnover in TAMs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:996. [PMID: 38256070 PMCID: PMC10816144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer, and, with increasing research on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), the immunosuppressive micro-environment of HCC hampers further application of immunotherapy, even though immunotherapy can provide survival benefits to patients with advanced liver cancer. Current studies suggest that polyamine metabolism is not only a key metabolic pathway for the formation of immunosuppressive phenotypes in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but it is also profoundly involved in mitochondrial quality control signaling and the energy metabolism regulation process, so it is particularly important to further investigate the role of polyamine metabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, by summarizing the current research progress of key enzymes and substrates of the polyamine metabolic pathway in regulating TAMs and T cells, we propose that polyamine biosynthesis can intervene in the process of mitochondrial energy metabolism by affecting mitochondrial autophagy, which, in turn, regulates macrophage polarization and T cell differentiation. Polyamine metabolism may be a key target for the interactive dialog between HCC cells and immune cells such as TAMs, so interfering with polyamine metabolism may become an important entry point to break intercellular communication, providing new research space for developing polyamine metabolism-based therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jing Su
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basical Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130012, China; (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.Y.); (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
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Liu X, Wang S, Wu X, Zhao Z, Jian C, Li M, Qin X. Astragaloside IV Alleviates Depression in Rats by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota, T-Immune Balance, and Metabolome. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:259-273. [PMID: 38064688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effects of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on abnormal behaviors, intestinal microbiota, intestinal T-immune balance, and fecal metabolism of a model of depression in rats. Herein, we integrally applied 16S rRNA sequencing, molecular biological techniques, and 1H NMR-based fecal metabolomics to demonstrate the antidepression activity of AS-IV. The results suggested that AS-IV regulated the depression-like behaviors of rats, which are presented by an increase of body weight, upregulation of sucrose preference rates, and a decrease of immobility time. Additionally, AS-IV increased the abundances of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus and Oscillospira) in a model of depression in rats. Moreover, AS-IV regulated significantly the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells, and the abnormal contents of both anti-inflammatory factors and pro-inflammatory factors. Besides, fecal metabolomics showed that AS-IV improved the abnormal levels of short-chain fatty acids and amino acids. Collectively, our research supplemented new data, supporting the potential of AS-IV as an effective diet or diet composition to improve depression-like behaviors, dysfunctions of microbiota, imbalance of T immune, and the abnormality of fecal metabolome. However, the causality of the other actions was not proven because of the experimental design and the methodology used. The current findings suggest that AS-IV could function as a promising diet or diet composition to alleviate depressed symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Senyan Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ziyu Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chen Jian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Huang K, Zeng H, Li X, Li X, Pan Y, Gao Y. Arc-Induced Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2024; 96:317-324. [PMID: 38154037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Arc-induced electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (AESI-MS) was developed during which alternating current electrospray is simply achieved through the arc plasma. The AESI source exploits the arc's temperature and charge properties to generate aerosols consisting of charged microdroplets. The electrospray region, in which organic molecules are contained within microdroplets, partially overlaps with the arc plasma region. Guided by the electric field, these molecules undergo ionization, yielding ionic target analytes. AESI represents a soft ionization method that combines the mechanisms of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and electrospray ionization, facilitating the ionization of analytes with wide ranging polarities. The precisely targeted spraying area enhances ion entry into the mass analyzer, thereby enabling excellent ionization efficiency. The AESI source exhibits several notable advantages over the electrospray ionization source, including an elevated but comparable level of active species concentrations and types, simplified mass spectra for direct amino acid analysis, high salt tolerance, versatile analysis of compounds with varying polarities, and reliable quantitative analysis of amino acids in complex matrices. Overall, AESI broadens the methodologies employed to generate microdroplets, providing a technological and scientific framework for creating distinctive electrospray ionization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaineng Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, P. R. China
| | - Xingyue Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310027, P. R. China
| | - Yuanji Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, P. R. China
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Xu J, Cao F, Lu C, Song Z, Dai Z. Synthesis of novel fluorescence probes and their application in the enantioselective recognition of arginine. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1970-1976. [PMID: 38196905 PMCID: PMC10774859 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07890f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Arginine (Arg) plays a crucial and multifaceted role in various biological processes, encompassing cell division, wound healing, immune system modulation, and plant signaling. This study introduced a pair of novel chiral fluorescent probes, (R)-5 and (S)-5, constructed upon the BINOL framework, which exhibited enantiomeric selectivity and sensitivity to d-Arg/l-Arg in fluorescence experiments. These probes offered a simple, rapid, low-cost, and highly selective method for detecting Arg enantiomers, thereby providing a highly sensitive approach for their qualitative and quantitative analysis. The enantioselective fluorescence enhancement ratios {ef = [(I1 - I0)/(I2 - I0) = ΔI1/ΔI2]} of (R)-5 and (S)-5 to Arg were 1694 and 5163, respectively. Moreover, the probes demonstrated the capability to detect the concentration of d-Arg and l-Arg with a limit of detection of 4.84 × 10-7 M and 3.35 × 10-7 M, respectively, as well as determine the enantiomeric excess. These probes exhibited high chemical selectivity and enantioselectivity, enabling the identification of different configurations of Arg, quantification of Arg concentrations, and determination of the enantiomeric composition of Arg. This study provides valuable insights for the development of sensitive and selective chiral molecular detection methods, significantly advancing our comprehension of the relationship between Arg concentration and probe fluorescence response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Fangling Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Chenxiang Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Zhe Song
- China Pharmaceutical University Center for Analysis and Testing 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Zhenya Dai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
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Kapnick SM, Martin CA, Jewell CM. Engineering metabolism to modulate immunity. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 204:115122. [PMID: 37935318 PMCID: PMC10843796 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic programming and reprogramming have emerged as pivotal mechanisms for altering immune cell function. Thus, immunometabolism has become an attractive target area for treatment of immune-mediated disorders. Nonetheless, many hurdles to delivering metabolic cues persist. In this review, we consider how biomaterials are poised to transform manipulation of immune cell metabolism through integrated control of metabolic configurations to affect outcomes in autoimmunity, regeneration, transplant, and cancer. We emphasize the features of nanoparticles and other biomaterials that permit delivery of metabolic cues to the intracellular compartment of immune cells, or strategies for altering signals in the extracellular space. We then provide perspectives on the potential for reciprocal regulation of immunometabolism by the physical properties of materials themselves. Lastly, opportunities for clinical translation are highlighted. This discussion contributes to our understanding of immunometabolism, biomaterials-based strategies for altering metabolic configurations in immune cells, and emerging concepts in this evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senta M Kapnick
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10 N Green Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Corinne A Martin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Christopher M Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10 N Green Street, Baltimore, MD, USA; Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, 22 S Greene Street, Suite N9E17, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Alijagic A, Kotlyar O, Larsson M, Salihovic S, Hedbrant A, Eriksson U, Karlsson P, Persson A, Scherbak N, Färnlund K, Engwall M, Särndahl E. Immunotoxic, genotoxic, and endocrine disrupting impacts of polyamide microplastic particles and chemicals. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108412. [PMID: 38183898 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Due to their exceptional properties and cost effectiveness, polyamides or nylons have emerged as widely used materials, revolutionizing diverse industries, including industrial 3D printing or additive manufacturing (AM). Powder-based AM technologies employ tonnes of polyamide microplastics to produce complex components every year. However, the lack of comprehensive toxicity assessment of particulate polyamides and polyamide-associated chemicals, especially in the light of the global microplastics crisis, calls for urgent action. This study investigated the physicochemical properties of polyamide-12 microplastics used in AM, and assessed a number of toxicity endpoints focusing on inflammation, immunometabolism, genotoxicity, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation, endocrine disruption, and cell morphology. Specifically, microplastics examination by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed that work flow reuse of material created a fraction of smaller particles with an average size of 1-5 µm, a size range readily available for uptake by human cells. Moreover, chemical analysis by means of gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry detected several polyamide-associated chemicals including starting material, plasticizer, thermal stabilizer/antioxidant, and migrating slip additive. Even if polyamide particles and chemicals did not induce an acute inflammatory response, repeated and prolonged exposure of human primary macrophages disclosed a steady increase in the levels of proinflammatory chemokine Interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL-8). Moreover, targeted metabolomics disclosed that polyamide particles modulated the kynurenine pathway and some of its key metabolites. The p53-responsive luciferase reporter gene assay showed that particles per se were able to activate p53, being indicative of a genotoxic stress. Polyamide-associated chemicals triggered moderate activation of AhR and elicited anti-androgenic activity. Finally, a high-throughput and non-targeted morphological profiling by Cell Painting assay outlined major sites of bioactivity of polyamide-associated chemicals and indicated putative mechanisms of toxicity in the cells. These findings reveal that the increasing use of polyamide microplastics may pose a potential health risk for the exposed individuals, and it merits more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Alijagic
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden; Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden.
| | - Oleksandr Kotlyar
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden; Centre for Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems (AASS), Mobile Robotics and Olfaction Lab (MRO), Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Maria Larsson
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
| | - Samira Salihovic
- Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
| | - Alexander Hedbrant
- Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Eriksson
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
| | - Patrik Karlsson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
| | - Alexander Persson
- Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
| | - Nikolai Scherbak
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
| | | | - Magnus Engwall
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
| | - Eva Särndahl
- Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
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Mussap M, Puddu M, Fanos V. Metabolic Reprogramming of Immune Cells Following Vaccination: From Metabolites to Personalized Vaccinology. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1046-1068. [PMID: 37165503 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230509110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Identifying metabolic signatures induced by the immune response to vaccines allows one to discriminate vaccinated from non-vaccinated subjects and decipher the molecular mechanisms associated with the host immune response. This review illustrates and discusses the results of metabolomics-based studies on the innate and adaptive immune response to vaccines, long-term functional reprogramming (immune memory), and adverse reactions. Glycolysis is not overexpressed by vaccines, suggesting that the immune cell response to vaccinations does not require rapid energy availability as necessary during an infection. Vaccines strongly impact lipids metabolism, including saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, inositol phosphate, and cholesterol. Cholesterol is strategic for synthesizing 25-hydroxycholesterol in activated macrophages and dendritic cells and stimulates the conversion of macrophages and T cells in M2 macrophage and Treg, respectively. In conclusion, the large-scale application of metabolomics enables the identification of candidate predictive biomarkers of vaccine efficacy/tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Mussap
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria S.S. 554, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Melania Puddu
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria S.S. 554, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria S.S. 554, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
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Wu X, Shuai W, Chen C, Chen X, Luo C, Chen Y, Shi Y, Li Z, Lv X, Chen C, Meng X, Lei X, Wu L. Rapid screening for autoimmune diseases using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and deep learning algorithms. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1328228. [PMID: 38162641 PMCID: PMC10754999 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1328228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduce Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteoarthritis (OA) are three rheumatic immune diseases with many common characteristics. If left untreated, they can lead to joint destruction and functional limitation, and in severe cases, they can cause lifelong disability and even death. Studies have shown that early diagnosis and treatment are key to improving patient outcomes. Therefore, a rapid and accurate method for rapid diagnosis of diseases has been established, which is of great clinical significance for realizing early diagnosis of diseases and improving patient prognosis. Methods This study was based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with a deep learning model to achieve non-invasive, rapid, and accurate differentiation of AS, RA, OA, and healthy control group. In the experiment, 320 serum samples were collected, 80 in each group. AlexNet, ResNet, MSCNN, and MSResNet diagnostic models were established by using a machine learning algorithm. Result The range of spectral wave number measured by four sets of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is 700-4000 cm-1. Serum spectral characteristic peaks were mainly at 1641 cm-1(amide I), 1542 cm-1(amide II), 3280 cm-1(amide A), 1420 cm-1(proline and tryptophan), 1245 cm-1(amide III), 1078 cm-1(carbohydrate region). And 2940 cm-1 (mainly fatty acids and cholesterol). At the same time, AlexNet, ResNet, MSCNN, and MSResNet diagnostic models are established by using machine learning algorithms. The multi-scale MSResNet classification model combined with residual blocks can use convolution modules of different scales to extract different scale features and use resblocks to solve the problem of network degradation, reduce the interference of spectral measurement noise, and enhance the generalization ability of the network model. By comparing the experimental results of the other three models AlexNet, ResNet, and MSCNN, it is found that the MSResNet model has the best diagnostic performance and the accuracy rate is 0.87. Conclusion The results prove the feasibility of serum Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with a deep learning algorithm to distinguish AS, RA, OA, and healthy control group, which can be used as an effective auxiliary diagnostic method for these rheumatic immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Shuai
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cainan Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yamei Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhengfang Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyi Lv
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinyan Meng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xin Lei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Jiang L, Li J, Ji K, Lei L, Li H. MAT2A inhibition suppresses inflammation in Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected human gingival fibroblasts. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 16:2292375. [PMID: 38130504 PMCID: PMC10732205 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2292375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Methionine adenosyl transferase II alpha (MAT2A) is the key enzyme to transform methionine into S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the main methylgroup donor involved in the methylation. The purpose of our study wasto explore whether MAT2A-mediated methionine metabolism affected theexpression of inflammatory cytokines in human gingival fibroblasts(hGFs). Methods Both healthy and inflamed human gingiva were collected. HGFs werecultured and treated with P. gingivalis, with or without MAT2Ainhibitor (PF9366), small interference RNA (siRNA), or extrinsic SAMpretreatment. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected byreal-time PCR, western blotting, and ELISA. SAM levels were detectedby ELISA. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activatedprotein kinase (MAPK) pathway was explored by western blotting. Results The expression of MAT2A was increased in the inflamed tissues. P.gingivalis infection promoted the expression of MAT2A and SAM inhGFs. Meanwhile, PF9366 and MAT2A-knockdown significantly decreasedexpression of inflammatory cytokines and SAM production. PF9366inhibited activation of NF-κB/MAPK pathway in P. gingivalis-treatedhGFs. Conclusions MAT2A-mediated methionine metabolism promoted P. gingivalis-inducedinflammation in hGFs. Targeting MAT2A may provide a novel therapeuticmethod for modulating periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Jiang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Ji
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lang Lei
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Houxuan Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Elsheikh M, El Sabagh A, Mohamed IB, Bhongade M, Hassan MM, Jalal PK. Frailty in end-stage liver disease: Understanding pathophysiology, tools for assessment, and strategies for management. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:6028-6048. [PMID: 38130738 PMCID: PMC10731159 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i46.6028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty and sarcopenia are frequently observed in patients with end-stage liver disease. Frailty is a complex condition that arises from deteriorations across various physiological systems, including the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and immune systems, resulting in a reduced ability of the body to withstand stressors. This condition is associated with declined resilience and increased vulnerability to negative outcomes, including disability, hospitalization, and mortality. In cirrhotic patients, frailty is influenced by multiple factors, such as hyperammonemia, hormonal imbalance, malnutrition, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and alcohol intake. Assessing frailty is crucial in predicting morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients. It can aid in making critical decisions regarding patients' eligibility for critical care and transplantation. This, in turn, can guide the development of an individualized treatment plan for each patient with cirrhosis, with a focus on prioritizing exercise, proper nutrition, and appropriate treatment of hepatic complications as the primary lines of treatment. In this review, we aim to explore the topic of frailty in liver diseases, with a particular emphasis on pathophysiology, clinical assessment, and discuss strategies for preventing frailty through effective treatment of hepatic complications. Furthermore, we explore novel assessment and management strategies that have emerged in recent years, including the use of wearable technology and telemedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen Elsheikh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Ahmed El Sabagh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Islam B Mohamed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Megha Bhongade
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Manal M Hassan
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Prasun Kumar Jalal
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
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Zhang X, Song W, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Hao S, Ni T. The Role of Tumor Metabolic Reprogramming in Tumor Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17422. [PMID: 38139250 PMCID: PMC10743965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and development of tumors require the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells, namely the alteration of flux in an autonomous manner via various metabolic pathways to meet increased bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands. Tumor cells consume large quantities of nutrients and produce related metabolites via their metabolism; this leads to the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment (TME) to better support tumor growth. During TME remodeling, the immune cell metabolism and antitumor immune activity are affected. This further leads to the escape of tumor cells from immune surveillance and therefore to abnormal proliferation. This review summarizes the regulatory functions associated with the abnormal biosynthesis and activity of metabolic signaling molecules during the process of tumor metabolic reprogramming. In addition, we provide a comprehensive description of the competition between immune cells and tumor cells for nutrients in the TME, as well as the metabolites required for tumor metabolism, the metabolic signaling pathways involved, and the functionality of the immune cells. Finally, we summarize current research targeted at the development of tumor immunotherapy. We aim to provide new concepts for future investigations of the mechanisms underlying the metabolic reprogramming of tumors and explore the association of these mechanisms with tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shuailin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; (X.Z.); (W.S.); (Y.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ting Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; (X.Z.); (W.S.); (Y.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
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Chen Q, Wang C, Sun Y, Chen Y, Chen S, Han T, Wang J. Excessive Substitution of Fish Meal with Fermented Soybean Meal Induces Oxidative Stress by Impairing Glutathione Metabolism in Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2096. [PMID: 38136216 PMCID: PMC10740881 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) is an effective strategy to alleviate the shortage of fish meal (FM) in aquaculture. However, an excessive substitution ratio often reduces fish growth and induces liver oxidative stress, while the mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, an 8-week feeding trial was conducted in largemouth bass (initial weight: 6.82 ± 0.09 g) to establish an oxidative stress model by replacing 50% of FM with FSBM (fermented by Bacillus subtilis). The results showed that FSBM substitution significantly reduced the growth performance of largemouth bass, including the weight gain rate and specific growth rate. Moreover, FSBM significantly reduced the contents of essential amino acids and total free amino acids in muscle, along with the mRNA expression of amino acids and small peptide transporters. Enzyme activity detection and liver sections showed that FSBM substitution caused liver oxidative stress, indicating the successful construction of an oxidative stress model. An integrated analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic data revealed that FSBM substitution impaired glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, as well as glutathione metabolism. In addition, the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) was decreased in the FSBM group, which may explain the mechanism of oxidative stress caused by FSBM substitution. Considering that glycine is an important component of glutathione synthesis, key genes involved in glycine metabolism (glya, gnmt and agxt) and dietary glycine supplementation should be valued to improve the availability of FSBM. This study reveals for the first time the importance of non-essential amino acids in improving the utilization of plant-based protein sources and provides original insight for the optimization of aquatic feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.C.)
| | - Congcong Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.C.)
| | - Yulong Sun
- Department of Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.C.)
| | - Yan Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Songming Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.C.)
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.C.)
| | - Jiteng Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.C.)
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Deng Y, Zhu C, Jiang R, Yu C, Zhao J, Jiang X, Wen J. Salivary signatures of oral-brain communication in sleep bruxers. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1321855. [PMID: 38125907 PMCID: PMC10731308 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1321855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Microbiota and their interaction with hosts have been of great interest in brain research in recent years. However, the role of oral microbiota in mental illness and the underlying mechanism of oral-brain communication remains elusive. Sleep bruxism (SB) is an oral parafunctional activity related to the nervous system and is considered a risk factor for harmful clinical consequences and severe systemic conditions. Exploring the connection between oral microbiota and sleep bruxism may deepen our understanding of the complex relationship between oral-brain axis and provide insights for treatment. Methods In this study, salivary samples were collected from 22 individuals with SB and 21 healthy controls, and metagenomics with metabolomics was performed. Nonparametric Wilcoxon test were applied for the statistical analysis between the two groups. Microbial dysbiosis and altered oral metabolites were found in the SB individuals. Results The characteristic metabolite N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) (VIP=8.4823, P<0.05) was correlated to a statistically lower Streptococcus mitis level in SB individuals. Salivary IFN-g level and IFN-g/IL-4 ratio were detected with significant changes in a chip assay. Amino acid metabolism pathways were upregulated, and the pathway with the largest number of differentially expressed genes is related to amino-tRNA charging pathway, while the most significantly enriched pathway is related to arginine biosynthesis. Neurotransmitter-associated pathways with glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses and cardiovascular system-related pathways were enriched in the SB group. Discussion These results indicate a possible neuroimmune regulatory network of oral-brain communication in SB, which helps explain the mechanism of the oral microbiome with the host in sleep bruxers and provides a reference for early clinical and therapeutic intervention to improve the diagnosis and treatment of SB and similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Deng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyuan Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixue Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhua Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Wen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, China
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48
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Li X, Wu J, Zhu X. One-step hydrothermal preparation of chiral carbon quantum dots and enantioselective sensing of glutamine enantiomeric isomers. LUMINESCENCE 2023. [PMID: 38041512 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for chiral identification of glutamine enantiomers based on chiral carbon quantum dots (cCQDs) fluorescent probes. cCQDs were prepared using a one-step hydrothermal method with L-tryptophan as the carbon source and chiral source, producing spherical nanoparticles exhibiting a blue colour luminescence. The fluorescence intensity (F) of cCQDs was enhanced or quenched following the addition of chiral enantiomeric glutamine (L/D-Gln), and therefore cCQDs, as a fluorescence probe, could be used for enantioselective sensing of the L/D-Gln. The fluorescence enhancement value (∆FE ) exhibited good linearity with L-Gln concentration in the range 0.23-10.00 mM, and the limit of detection was 0.14 mM. The fluorescence quenching value (∆FQ ) showed a good linear relationship with D-Gln concentration in the range 0.29-10.00 mM, and the detection limit was 0.18 mM. The mechanism of fluorescence enhancement/quenching was explored by molecular modelling and the type of quenching. The method was applied to the determination of L-Gln content in real samples, and the recovery rate was satisfactory. This study provided a novel approach for the synthesis of cCQDs and the recognition of amino acid enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiashi Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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49
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Zou H, Zhang B, Liang H, Li C, Chen J, Wu Y. Defence mechanisms of Pinctada fucata martensii to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection: Insights from proteomics and metabolomics. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:109204. [PMID: 37931889 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Survival of pearl oysters is not only challenged by coastal pollution, but also pathogen infection that may eventually incur substantial economic losses in the pearl farming industry. Yet, whether pearl oysters can defend themselves against pathogen infection through molecular mechanisms remains largely unexplored. By using iTRAQ proteomic and metabolomic analyses, we analysed the proteins and metabolites in the serum of pearl oysters (Pinctada fucata martensii) when stimulated by pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio parahaemolyticus). Proteomic results found that a total of 2,242 proteins were identified in the experimental (i.e., Vibrio-stimulated) and control groups, where 166 of them were differentially expressed (120 upregulated and 46 downregulated in the experimental group). Regarding the immune response enrichment results, the pathway of signal transduction was significantly enriched, such as cytoskeleton and calcium signalling pathways. Proteins, including cathepsin L, heat shock protein 20, myosin and astacin-like protein, also contributed to the immune response of oysters. Pathogen stimulation also altered the metabolite profile of oysters, where 49 metabolites associated with metabolism of energy, fatty acids and amino acids were found. Integrated analysis suggests that the oysters could respond to pathogen infection by coordinating multiple cellular processes. Thus, the proteins and metabolites identified herein not only represent valuable genetic resources for developing molecular biomarkers and genetic breeding research, but also open new avenues for studies on the molecular defence mechanisms of pearl oysters to pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexin Zou
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Haiying Liang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China.
| | - Chaojie Li
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
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50
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Qin T, Hu S, de Vos P. A composite capsule strategy to support longevity of microencapsulated pancreatic β cells. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 155:213678. [PMID: 37944447 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic islet microencapsulation allows transplantation of insulin producing cells in absence of systemic immunosuppression, but graft survival is still limited. In vivo studies have demonstrated that many islet-cells die in the immediate period after transplantation. Here we test whether intracapsular inclusion of ECM components (collagen IV and RGD) with necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), as well as amino acids (AA) have protective effects on islet survival. Also, the inclusion of pectin was tested as it enhances the mitochondrial health of β-cells. To enhance the longevity of encapsulated islets, we studied the impact of the incorporation of the mentioned components into the alginate-based microcapsules in vitro. The efficacy of the different composite microcapsules on MIN6 β-cell or human islet-cell survival and function, as well as suppression of DAMP-induced immune activation, were determined. Finally, we examined the mitochondrial dynamic genes. This was done in the absence and presence of a cytokine cocktail. Here, we found that composite microcapsules of APENAA improved insulin secretion and enhanced the mitochondrial activity of β-cells. Under cytokine exposure, they prevented the cytokine-induced decrease of mitochondrial activity as well as viability till day 5. The rescuing effects of the composite capsules were accompanied by alleviated mitochondrial dynamic gene expression. The composite capsule strategy of APENAA might support the longevity of microencapsulated β-cells by lowering susceptibility to inflammatory stress. Our data demonstrate that combining strategies to support β-cells by changing the intracapsular microenvironment might be an effective way to preserve islet graft longevity in the immediate period after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qin
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, EA 11, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Shuxian Hu
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, EA 11, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, EA 11, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
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