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Whulanza Y, Ammar H, Haryadi D, Pangesty AI, Widoretno W, Subekti DT, Charmet J. High-Performance, Easy-to-Fabricate, Nanocomposite Heater for Life Sciences and Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1164. [PMID: 38675084 PMCID: PMC11055136 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Microheaters are used in several applications, including medical diagnostics, synthesis, environmental monitoring, and actuation. Conventional microheaters rely on thin-film electrodes microfabricated in a clean-room environment. However, low-cost alternatives based on conductive paste electrodes fabricated using printing techniques have started to emerge over the years. Here, we report a surprising effect that leads to significant electrode performance improvement as confirmed by the thorough characterization of bulk, processed, and conditioned samples. Mixing silver ink and PVA results in the solubilization of performance-hindering organic compounds. These compounds evaporate during heating cycles. The new electrodes, which reach a temperature of 80 °C within 5 min using a current of 7.0 A, display an overall 42% and 35% improvement in the mechanical (hardness) and electrical (resistivity) properties compared to pristine silver ink electrodes. To validate our results, we use the composite heater to amplify and detect parasite DNA from Trypanosoma brucei, associated with African sleeping sickness. Our LAMP test compares well with commercially available systems, confirming the excellent performance of our nanocomposite heaters. Since their fabrication relies on well-established techniques, we anticipate they will find use in a range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Whulanza
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
- Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Husein Ammar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Deni Haryadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gunadarma University, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Azizah Intan Pangesty
- Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Widoretno Widoretno
- Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Central Jakarta 10340, Indonesia; (W.W.); (D.T.S.)
| | - Didik Tulus Subekti
- Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Central Jakarta 10340, Indonesia; (W.W.); (D.T.S.)
| | - Jérôme Charmet
- School of Engineering HE-Arc Ingénierie, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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2
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Kim NK, Kim K, Jang H, An T, Shin HJ, Kim GH. Microheater with copper nanofiber network via electrospinning and electroless deposition. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22248. [PMID: 38097668 PMCID: PMC10721892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49741-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, we present the development of a copper nanofiber network-based microheater, designed for applications in electron microscopes, gas sensing, and cell culture platforms. The seed layer, essential for electroless deposition, was fabricated through the electrospinning of a palladium-contained polyvinylpyrrolidone solution followed by a heat treatment. This process minimized the contact resistance between nanofibers. We successfully fabricated a microheater with evenly distributed temperature by controlling the electrospinning time, heat treatment conditions, and electroless deposition time. We assessed the electrical and thermal characteristics of the microheater by examining the nanofiber density, sheet resistance, and transmittance. The microheater's performance was evaluated by applying current, and we verified its capacity to heat up to a maximum of 350 °C. We further observed the microheater's temperature distribution at varying current levels through an infrared camera. The entire manufacturing procedure takes place under normal pressure, eliminating the need for masking or etching processes. This renders the method easily adaptable to the mass production of microdevices. The method is expected to be applicable to various materials and sizes and is cost-effective compared to commercially produced microheaters developed through microelectromechanical system processes, which demand complex facilities and high cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Kyoung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungbuk National University (CBNU), 1, Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanghyun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Jang
- Department of Physics, Chungbuk National University (CBNU), 1, Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Taechang An
- Department of Mechanical Robotics Engineering, Andong National University (ANU), 1375, Gyeong-Dong-ro, Andong-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joon Shin
- Department of Physics, Chungbuk National University (CBNU), 1, Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28644, Republic of Korea.
| | - Geon Hwee Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungbuk National University (CBNU), 1, Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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Didier CM, Orrico JF, Cepeda Torres OS, Castro JM, Baksh A, Rajaraman S. Microfabricated polymer-metal biosensors for multifarious data collection from electrogenic cellular models. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:22. [PMID: 36875634 PMCID: PMC9974480 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Benchtop tissue cultures have become increasingly complex in recent years, as more on-a-chip biological technologies, such as microphysiological systems (MPS), are developed to incorporate cellular constructs that more accurately represent their respective biological systems. Such MPS have begun facilitating major breakthroughs in biological research and are poised to shape the field in the coming decades. These biological systems require integrated sensing modalities to procure complex, multiplexed datasets with unprecedented combinatorial biological detail. In this work, we expanded upon our polymer-metal biosensor approach by demonstrating a facile technology for compound biosensing that was characterized through custom modeling approaches. As reported herein, we developed a compound chip with 3D microelectrodes, 3D microfluidics, interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) and a microheater. The chip was subsequently tested using the electrical/electrochemical characterization of 3D microelectrodes with 1 kHz impedance and phase recordings and IDE-based high-frequency (~1 MHz frequencies) impedimetric analysis of differential localized temperature recordings, both of which were modeled through equivalent electrical circuits for process parameter extraction. Additionally, a simplified antibody-conjugation strategy was employed for a similar IDE-based analysis of the implications of a key analyte (l-glutamine) binding to the equivalent electrical circuit. Finally, acute microfluidic perfusion modeling was performed to demonstrate the ease of microfluidics integration into such a polymer-metal biosensor platform for potential complimentary localized chemical stimulation. Overall, our work demonstrates the design, development, and characterization of an accessibly designed polymer-metal compound biosensor for electrogenic cellular constructs to facilitate comprehensive MPS data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles M. Didier
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 4353 Scorpius Street, Research I, Suite 231, FL 32816 Orlando, USA
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, FL 32827 Orlando, USA
| | - Julia F. Orrico
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 4353 Scorpius Street, Research I, Suite 231, FL 32816 Orlando, USA
| | - Omar S. Cepeda Torres
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 4353 Scorpius Street, Research I, Suite 231, FL 32816 Orlando, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico, 377, 00918, Ponce de Leon, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Jorge Manrique Castro
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 4353 Scorpius Street, Research I, Suite 231, FL 32816 Orlando, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4238 Scorpius Street, FL 32816 Orlando, USA
| | - Aliyah Baksh
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 4353 Scorpius Street, Research I, Suite 231, FL 32816 Orlando, USA
| | - Swaminathan Rajaraman
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 4353 Scorpius Street, Research I, Suite 231, FL 32816 Orlando, USA
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, FL 32827 Orlando, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4238 Scorpius Street, FL 32816 Orlando, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, 12760 Pegasus Drive, Engineering I, Suite 207, FL 32816 Orlando, USA
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Chamani F, Barnett I, Pyle M, Shrestha T, Prakash P. A Review of In Vitro Instrumentation Platforms for Evaluating Thermal Therapies in Experimental Cell Culture Models. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2022; 50:39-67. [PMID: 36374822 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2022043455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Thermal therapies, the modulation of tissue temperature for therapeutic benefit, are in clinical use as adjuvant or stand-alone therapeutic modalities for a range of indications, and are under investigation for others. During delivery of thermal therapy in the clinic and in experimental settings, monitoring and control of spatio-temporal thermal profiles contributes to an increased likelihood of inducing desired bioeffects. In vitro thermal dosimetry studies have provided a strong basis for characterizing biological responses of cells to heat. To perform an accurate in vitro thermal analysis, a sample needs to be subjected to uniform heating, ideally raised from, and returned to, baseline immediately, for a known heating duration under ideal isothermal condition. This review presents an applications-based overview of in vitro heating instrumentation platforms. A variety of different approaches are surveyed, including external heating sources (i.e., CO2 incubators, circulating water baths, microheaters and microfluidic devices), microwave dielectric heating, lasers or the use of sound waves. We discuss critical heating parameters including temperature ramp rate (heat-up phase period), heating accuracy, complexity, peak temperature, and technical limitations of each heating modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Chamani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - India Barnett
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Marla Pyle
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Tej Shrestha
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State (NICKS), Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Punit Prakash
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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5
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Jeroish ZE, Bhuvaneshwari KS, Samsuri F, Narayanamurthy V. Microheater: material, design, fabrication, temperature control, and applications-a role in COVID-19. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 24:3. [PMID: 34860299 PMCID: PMC8641292 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heating plays a vital role in science, engineering, mining, and space, where heating can be achieved via electrical, induction, infrared, or microwave radiation. For fast switching and continuous applications, hotplate or Peltier elements can be employed. However, due to bulkiness, they are ineffective for portable applications or operation at remote locations. Miniaturization of heaters reduces power consumption and bulkiness, enhances the thermal response, and integrates with several sensors or microfluidic chips. The microheater has a thickness of ~ 100 nm to ~ 100 μm and offers a temperature range up to 1900℃ with precise control. In recent years, due to the escalating demand for flexible electronics, thin-film microheaters have emerged as an imperative research area. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in microheater as well as analyses different microheater designs, materials, fabrication, and temperature control. In addition, the applications of microheaters in gas sensing, biological, and electrical and mechanical sectors are emphasized. Moreover, the maximum temperature, voltage, power consumption, response time, and heating rate of each microheater are tabulated. Finally, we addressed the specific key considerations for designing and fabricating a microheater as well as the importance of microheater integration in COVID-19 diagnostic kits. This review thereby provides general guidelines to researchers to integrate microheater in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), which may pave the way for developing rapid and large-scale SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic kits in resource-constrained clinical or home-based environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z E Jeroish
- College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - K S Bhuvaneshwari
- Faculty of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Fahmi Samsuri
- College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Vigneswaran Narayanamurthy
- Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Elektrik Dan Elektronik, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia.
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6
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Cantoni F, Werr G, Barbe L, Porras AM, Tenje M. A microfluidic chip carrier including temperature control and perfusion system for long-term cell imaging. HARDWAREX 2021; 10:e00245. [PMID: 35607686 PMCID: PMC9123440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices are widely used for biomedical applications but there is still a lack of affordable, reliable and user-friendly systems for transferring microfluidic chips from an incubator to a microscope while maintaining physiological conditions when performing microscopy. The presented carrier represents a cost-effective option for sustaining environmental conditions of microfluidic chips in combination with minimizing the device manipulation required for reagent injection, media exchange or sample collection. The carrier, which has the outer dimension of a standard well plate size, contains an integrated perfusion system that can recirculate the media using piezo pumps, operated in either continuous or intermittent modes (50-1000 µl/min). Furthermore, a film resistive heater made from 37 µm-thick copper wires, including temperature feedback control, was used to maintain the microfluidic chip temperature at 37 °C when outside the incubator. The heater characterisation showed a uniform temperature distribution along the chip channel for perfusion flow rates up to 10 µl/min. To demonstrate the feasibility of our platform for long term cell culture monitoring, mouse brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3) were repeatedly monitored for a period of 10 days, demonstrating a system with both the versatility and the potential for long imaging in microphysiological system cell cultures.
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7
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Tovar S, Hernández CA, Osma JF. Design, Simulation, and Fabrication of a Copper-Chrome-Based Glass Heater Integrated into a PMMA Microfluidic System. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12091067. [PMID: 34577711 PMCID: PMC8465036 DOI: 10.3390/mi12091067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the development of a copper-chrome-based glass microheater and its integration into a Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microfluidic system are presented. The process highlights the importance of an appropriate characterization, taking advantage of computer-simulated physical methods in the heat transfer process. The presented system architecture allows the integration for the development of a thermal flow sensor, in which the fluid flows through a 1 mm width × 1 mm length microchannel across a 5 mm width × 13 mm length heating surface. Using an electrothermal analysis, based on a simulation and design process, the surface heating behavior curve was analyzed to choose a heating reference point, primarily used to control the temperature point within the fluidic microsystem. The heater was characterized using the theory of electrical instrumentation, with a 7.22% error for the heating characterization and a 5.42% error for the power consumption, measured at 0.69 W at a temperature of 70 °C. Further tests, at a temperature of 115 °C, were used to observe the effects of the heat transfer through convection on the fluid and the heater surface for different flow rates, which can be used for the development of thermal flowmeters using the configuration presented in this work.
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8
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Andersson M, Johansson S, Bergman H, Xiao L, Behrendt L, Tenje M. A microscopy-compatible temperature regulation system for single-cell phenotype analysis - demonstrated by thermoresponse mapping of microalgae. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1694-1705. [PMID: 33949404 PMCID: PMC8095708 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01288b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a programmable heat-stage compatible with in situ microscopy for the accurate provision of spatiotemporally defined temperatures to different microfluidic devices. The heat-stage comprises an array of integrated thin-film Joule heaters and resistance temperature detectors (RTDs). External programming of the heat-stage is provided by a custom software program connected to temperature controllers and heater-sensor pairs. Biologically relevant (20-40 °C) temperature profiles can be supplied to cells within microfluidic devices as spatial gradients (0.5-1.5 °C mm-1) or in a time-varying approach via e.g. step-wise or sinusoidally varying profiles with negligible temperature over-shoot. Demonstration of the device is achieved by exposing two strains of the coral symbiont Symbiodinium to different temperature profiles while monitoring their single-cell photophysiology via chlorophyll fluorometry. This revealed that photophysiological responses to temperature depended on the exposure duration, exposure magnitude and strain background. Moreover, thermal dose analysis suggested that cell acclimatisation occurs under longer temperature (6 h) exposures but not under shorter temperature exposures (15 min). As the thermal sensitivity of Symbiodinium mediates the thermal tolerance in corals, our versatile technology now provides unique possibilities to research this interdependency at single cell resolution. Our results also show the potential of this heat-stage for further applications in fields such as biotechnology and ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Andersson
- Dept. Materials Science and Engineering, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 35, 751 03 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sofia Johansson
- Dept. Materials Science and Engineering, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 35, 751 03 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Henrik Bergman
- Dept. Materials Science and Engineering, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 35, 751 03 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Linhong Xiao
- Dept. Organismal Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 A, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Lars Behrendt
- Dept. Organismal Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 A, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Maria Tenje
- Dept. Materials Science and Engineering, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 35, 751 03 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Latest Updates on the Advancement of Polymer-Based Biomicroelectromechanical Systems for Animal Cell Studies. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/8816564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Biological sciences have reached the fundamental unit of life: the cell. Ever-growing field of Biological Microelectromechanical Systems (BioMEMSs) is providing new frontiers in both fundamental cell research and various practical applications in cell-related studies. Among various functions of BioMEMS devices, some of the most fundamental processes that can be carried out in such platforms include cell sorting, cell separation, cell isolation or trapping, cell pairing, cell-cell communication, cell differentiation, cell identification, and cell culture. In this article, we review each mentioned application in great details highlighting the latest advancements in fabrication strategy, mechanism of operation, and application of these tools. Moreover, the review article covers the shortcomings of each specific application which can open windows of opportunity for improvement of these devices.
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Chen ZC, Chang TL, Li CH, Su KW, Liu CC. Thermally stable and uniform DNA amplification with picosecond laser ablated graphene rapid thermal cycling device. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 146:111581. [PMID: 31629228 PMCID: PMC7126615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Rapid thermal cycling (RTC) in an on-chip device can perform DNA amplification in vitro through precise thermal control at each step of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This study reports a straightforward fabrication technique for patterning an on-chip graphene-based device with hole arrays, in which the mechanism of surface structures can achieve stable and uniform thermal control for the amplification of DNA fragments. A thin-film based PCR device was fabricated using picosecond laser (PS-laser) ablation of the multilayer graphene (MLG). Under the optimal fluence of 4.72 J/cm2 with a pulse overlap of 66%, the MLG can be patterned with arrays of 250 μm2 hole surface structures. A 354-bp DNA fragment of VP1, an effective marker for diagnosing the BK virus, was amplified on an on-chip device in less than 60 min. A thin-film electrode with the aforementioned MLG as the heater was demonstrated to significantly enhance temperature stability for each stage of the thermal cycle. The temperature control of the heater was performed by means of a developed programmable PCR apparatus. Our results demonstrated that the proposed integration of a graphene-based device and a laser-pulse ablation process to form a thin-film PCR device has cost benefits in a small-volume reagent and holds great promise for practical medical use of DNA amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Chi Chen
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tien-Li Chang
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ching-Hao Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Wen Su
- Integrated Science, University of British Columbia, Columbia, Canada
| | - Cheng-Che Liu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Dixit C, Kadimisetty K, Rusling J. 3D-printed miniaturized fluidic tools in chemistry and biology. Trends Analyt Chem 2018; 106:37-52. [PMID: 32296252 PMCID: PMC7158885 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
3D printing (3DP), an additive manufacturing (AM) approach allowing for rapid prototyping and decentralized fabrication on-demand, has become a common method for creating parts or whole devices. The wide scope of the AM extends from organized sectors of construction, ornament, medical, and R&D industries to individual explorers attributed to the low cost, high quality printers along with revolutionary tools and polymers. While progress is being made but big manufacturing challenges are still there. Considering the quickly shifting narrative towards miniaturized analytical systems (MAS) we focus on the development/rapid prototyping and manufacturing of MAS with 3DP, and application dependent challenges in engineering designs and choice of the polymeric materials and provide an exhaustive background to the applications of 3DP in biology and chemistry. This will allow readers to perceive the most important features of AM in creating (i) various individual and modular components, and (ii) complete integrated tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.K. Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, United States
| | - K. Kadimisetty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, United States
| | - J. Rusling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, United States
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3136, United States
- Department of Surgery and Neag Cancer Centre, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland at Galway, Galway, Ireland
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12
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Mäki AJ, Verho J, Kreutzer J, Ryynänen T, Rajan D, Pekkanen-Mattila M, Ahola A, Hyttinen J, Aalto-Setälä K, Lekkala J, Kallio P. A Portable Microscale Cell Culture System with Indirect Temperature Control. SLAS Technol 2018; 23:566-579. [PMID: 29723086 DOI: 10.1177/2472630318768710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A physiologically relevant environment is essential for successful long-term cell culturing in vitro. Precise control of temperature, one of the most crucial environmental parameters in cell cultures, increases the fidelity and repeatability of the experiments. Unfortunately, direct temperature measurement can interfere with the cultures or prevent imaging of the cells. Furthermore, the assessment of dynamic temperature variations in the cell culture area is challenging with the methods traditionally used for measuring temperature in cell culture systems. To overcome these challenges, we integrated a microscale cell culture environment together with live-cell imaging and a precise local temperature control that is based on an indirect measurement. The control method uses a remote temperature measurement and a mathematical model for estimating temperature at the desired area. The system maintained the temperature at 37±0.3 °C for more than 4 days. We also showed that the system precisely controls the culture temperature during temperature transients and compensates for the disturbance when changing the cell cultivation medium, and presented the portability of the heating system. Finally, we demonstrated a successful long-term culturing of human induced stem cell-derived beating cardiomyocytes, and analyzed their beating rates at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti-Juhana Mäki
- 1 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jarmo Verho
- 1 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Joose Kreutzer
- 1 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tomi Ryynänen
- 1 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Dhanesh Rajan
- 1 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Pekkanen-Mattila
- 2 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti Ahola
- 1 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Hyttinen
- 1 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- 2 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,3 Heart Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Lekkala
- 1 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pasi Kallio
- 1 BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
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