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Cui C, Liu H, Zhang YF, Liu LK, Liu HP. The PERK-eIF2α pathway of the unfolded protein response inhibits white spot syndrome virus infection by attenuating global protein translation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2025; 164:110441. [PMID: 40409696 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2025] [Revised: 05/19/2025] [Accepted: 05/21/2025] [Indexed: 05/25/2025]
Abstract
As obligate intracellular pathogens, viruses rely on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of host cells for viral protein synthesis and processing, leading to increased ER loading, which in turn triggers ER stress and activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). And this process is intricately linked to both viral infection and the host's immune response. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most detrimental viral pathogens affecting farmed crustaceans such as shrimp and crayfish, but the interaction between WSSV-induced ER stress and viral infection has not been comprehensively investigated. Here, we demonstrated that WSSV infection activated all three UPR pathways, including IRE1 pathway, ATF6 pathway and PERK-eIF2α pathway in crayfish hematopoietic tissue cells. In contrast to the promoted WSSV infection by IRE1 pathway and ATF6 pathway, the activated PERK-eIF2α pathway exhibited an inhibitory effect on viral infection, which was achieved via attenuation of global protein translation of host cells mediated by phosphorylation of eIF2α. Whereas, the continuous expression of WSSV proteins appeared to bypass this translational repression. Collectively, these results emphasized the key role of the PERK-eIF2α pathway, activated by WSSV-induced ER stress, in regulating viral infection, which might constitute an important aspect of the host cell's immune response to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian Ocean Innovation Center, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian Ocean Innovation Center, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yun-Fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian Ocean Innovation Center, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Ling-Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian Ocean Innovation Center, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Hai-Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian Ocean Innovation Center, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China.
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Chen S, Zhong Q, Liao X, Wang H, Xiao B, He J, Li C. Modulation of the unfolded protein response by white spot syndrome virus via wsv406 targeting BiP to facilitate viral replication. Virol Sin 2024; 39:938-950. [PMID: 39490792 PMCID: PMC11738776 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/24/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of diseases are often linked to environmental stress, which can lead to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequently trigger the unfolded protein response (UPR). The replication of the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the most serious pathogen in shrimp aquaculture, has been shown to rely on the UPR signaling pathway, although the detailed mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we discovered that WSSV enhances its replication by hijacking the UPR pathway via the viral protein wsv406. Our analysis revealed a significant upregulation of wsv406 in the hemocytes and gills of infected shrimp. Mass spectrometry analysis identified that wsv406 interacts specifically with the immunoglobulin heavy-chain-binding protein (BiP) in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Further examination revealed that wsv406 binds to multiple domains of LvBiP, inhibiting its ATPase activity without disrupting its binding to UPR stress receptors. Silencing either wsv406 or LvBiP resulted in a reduction in WSSV replication and improved shrimp survival rates. Further, wsv406 activation of the PRKR-like ER kinase (PERK)-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) pathways was demonstrated by a decrease in the phosphorylation of eIF2α and the nuclear translocation of ATF6 when wsv406 was silenced during WSSV infection. This activation facilitated the transcription of WSSV genes, promoting viral replication. In summary, these findings reveal that wsv406 manipulates the host UPR by targeting LvBiP, thereby enhancing WSSV replication through the PERK-eIF2α and ATF6 pathways. These insights into the interaction between WSSV and host cellular machinery offer potential targets for developing therapeutic interventions to control WSSV outbreaks in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/ Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Qiqi Zhong
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/ Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xuzheng Liao
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/ Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/ Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Bang Xiao
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/ Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jianguo He
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/ Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Marine Aquaculture Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Chaozheng Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/ Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Marine Aquaculture Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Li W, Wang Y, Li C, Wang F, Shan H. Responses and correlation among ER stress, Ca 2+ homeostasis, and fatty acid metabolism in Penaeus vannamei under ammonia stress. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 267:106837. [PMID: 38228042 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, Ca2+ homeostasis, and fatty acid metabolism in the environmental adaptation of aquatic animals is significant, but further confirmation of the relationship between these factors is needed. This study aimed to investigate the responses and correlations among ER stress, Ca2+ homeostasis, and fatty acid metabolism in Penaeus vannamei under ammonia stress. A total of 640 P. vannamei weighing 3.0 ± 0.4 g were selected and exposed to different total ammonia concentrations (0 mg/L for the control group and 3.80, 7.60, and 11.40 mg/L for the stress groups). The experiment involved a 96 h ammonia stress period to assess indicators related to ER stress, Ca2+ homeostasis, and fatty acid metabolism. The experimental results revealed that after 12 h, exposure to ammonia induced the ER stress response in the hepatopancreas of the shrimp. The groups exposed to concentrations of 3.8 mg/L and 7.6 mg/L exhibited an increase in ER Ca2+ efflux, a decrease in influx, an elevation in mitochondrial Ca2+ influx, an enhanced energy demand within the organism, and substantial consumption of triglycerides. The 11.3 mg/L group exhibited a significant enhancement in fatty acid metabolism. At 24 h, the ER stress response induced by ammonia in the shrimp exhibited a gradual recovery. In the 7.6 mg/L and 11.3 mg/L groups, the ER Ca2+ influx and efflux exhibited significant enhancements, while the mitochondrial Ca2+ influx decreased and the organism's energy demand increased. Moreover, there was a substantial enhancement in fatty acid metabolism. At 48 h, the ER stress response disappeared in each stress group, ER Ca2+ efflux was reduced, triglycerides were consumed, and the body's energy homeostasis was basically restored. At 96 h, a stress response reoccurred in the ER in each stress group, resulting in increased influx of Ca2+ into the ER, augmented energy demand within the organism, and notable enhancement in fatty acid metabolism. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the NH3-N content in the hepatopancreas and the expression of ER stress-related genes, as well as between ER Ca2+ influx/efflux and energy homeostasis/fatty acid metabolism. The findings indicate that the stress induced by ammonia triggers an ER stress response in P. vannamei, resulting in ER Ca2+ efflux and mitochondrial Ca2+ influx, which, in turn, enhances fatty acid metabolism to generate additional energy for adaptation in stressful environments. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the environmental adaptability of P. vannamei in the context of Ca2+ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenheng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Changjian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hongwei Shan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Zhang D, Huang L, Jia Y, Zhang S, Bi X, Dai W. Integrated analysis of mRNA and microRNA expression profiles in hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei under acute exposure to MC-LR. Front Genet 2023; 14:1088191. [PMID: 36741320 PMCID: PMC9892846 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1088191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive shrimp farming is often threatened by microcystins Hepatopancreas is the primary target organ of MCs in shrimp. To investigate the response of hepatopancreas to acute MC-LR exposure, the expression profiles of RNA-seq and miRNA-seq in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei were determined, and data integration analysis was performed at 72 h after MC-LR injection. The expression of 5 DEGs and three DEMs were detected by Quantitative PCR (qPCR). The results showed that the cumulative mortality rate of shrimp in MC-LR treatment group was 41.1%. A total of 1229 differentially expressed genes (844 up- and 385 down-regulated) and 86 differentially expressed miRNAs (40 up- and 46 down-regulated) were identified after MC-LR exposure. Functional analysis indicated that DEGs is mainly involved in the oxidative activity process in molecular functional categories, and proteasome was the most enriched KEGG pathway for mRNAs profile. According to the functional annotation of target genes of DEMs, protein binding was the most important term in the GO category, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was the most enriched KEGG pathway. The regulatory network of miRNAs and DEGs involved in the pathway related to protein degradation in endoplasmic reticulum was constructed, and miR-181-5p regulated many genes in this pathway. The results of qPCR showed that there were significant differences in the expression of five DEGs and three DEMs, which might play an important role in the toxicity and hepatopancreas detoxification of MC-LR in shrimp. The results revealed that MC-LR exposure affected the degradation pathway of misfolded protein in ER of L. vannamei hepatopancreas, and miR-181-5p might play an important role in the effect of MC-LR on the degradation pathway of misfolded protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shulin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic-Ecology and Aquaculture of Tianjin, College of Fishery, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
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Li BB, Fan JQ, Hong QM, Yan ZY, Yang XJ, Lu KC, Chen GL, Li M, Huang W, Chen YH. Transcriptome analysis endoplasmic reticulum-stress response in Litopenaeus vannamei hemocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:421-429. [PMID: 35429624 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have proved that endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress is an important cause of aquatic animal diseases. Therefore, for effectively preventing and controlling aquatic animal diseases, a systematic and in-depth understanding of the environmental stress response in aquatic animals is necessary. In present study, the influence of ER-stress in Litopenaeus vannamei was investigated using Illumina HiSeq based RNA-Seq. Comparing to the cDNA library of hemocytes treated with DMSO in L. vannamei, 286 unigenes were significantly upregulated and 473 unigenes were significantly down-regulated in the Thapsigargin treated group. KEGG analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are mainly related to ER-stress, immune as well as metabolism. Besides the classical ER-stress response pathways, the regulation of cell cycle and DNA replication are also important measures of ER-stress response. It has been suggested that the influence of ER-stress on immune genes might be an important factor in environmental stress inducing shrimp disease. Our investigation exhibited that immune-related DEG Prophenoloxidase activating enzyme 2 (LvPPAE2) roled in anti-pathogen immunity of shrimp. This study provides a solid foundation for uncovering the environmental adaptation response and especially its relationship with L. vannamei immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Li
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Jin-Quan Fan
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Qian-Ming Hong
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Ze-Yu Yan
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Xin-Jun Yang
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Ke-Cheng Lu
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Guo-Liang Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning, PR China
| | - Wen Huang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, PR China.
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A Glutathione Peroxidase Gene from Litopenaeus vannamei Is Involved in Oxidative Stress Responses and Pathogen Infection Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010567. [PMID: 35008992 PMCID: PMC8745291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In shrimp, several glutathione peroxidase (GPX) genes have been cloned and functionally studied. Increasing evidence suggests the genes’ involvement in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)- or Vibrio alginolyticus-infection resistance. In the present study, a novel GXP gene (LvGPX3) was cloned in Litopenaeus vannamei. Promoter of LvGPX3 was activated by NF-E2-related factor 2. Further study showed that LvGPX3 expression was evidently accelerated by oxidative stress or WSSV or V. alginolyticus infection. Consistently, downregulated expression of LvGPX3 increased the cumulative mortality of WSSV- or V. alginolyticus-infected shrimp. Similar results occurred in shrimp suffering from oxidative stress. Moreover, LvGPX3 was important for enhancing Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) gene expression in S2 cells with lipopolysaccharide treatment. Further, knockdown of LvGPX3 expression significantly suppressed expression of AMPs, such as Penaeidins 2a, Penaeidins 3a and anti-lipopolysaccharide factor 1 in shrimp. AMPs have been proven to be engaged in shrimp WSSV- or V. alginolyticus-infection resistance; it was inferred that LvGPX3 might enhance shrimp immune response under immune challenges, such as increasing expression of AMPs. The regulation mechanism remains to be further studied.
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Srisapoome P, Ju-Ngam T, Wongpanya R. Characterization, Stress Response and Functional Analyses of Giant River Prawn ( Macrobrachium rosenbergii) Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 (Mr-grp78) under Temperature Stress and during Aeromonas hydrophila Infection. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11103004. [PMID: 34680024 PMCID: PMC8532774 DOI: 10.3390/ani11103004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glucose-regulated protein 78 (grp78) is classified as a member of the Hsp70 subfamily. This protein functions as a key factor in signal transduction associated with the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during cellular stress and protects against cell damage caused by toxic chemicals, oxidative stress, Ca2+ depletion, programmed cell death and various infectious conditions. To investigate this crucial mechanism in giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), we analyzed the biological function of prawn grp78 at the molecular level in this study. The regulation of this gene was intensively analyzed under normal bacterial infection and heat/cold-shock inductions. A functional analysis of this gene under heat and infectious stress conditions was performed by gene knockdown. The information obtained in the current study clearly indicates the crucially significant roles of grp78 in the cellular stress responses of the target experimental animal under various stress conditions. Abstract The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle important for several functions of cellular physiology. This study identified the giant river prawn’s glucose-regulated protein 78 (Mr-grp78), which is important for ER stress mechanisms. Nucleotide and amino acid analyses of Mr-grp78, as compared with other species, revealed the highest similarity scores with the grp78 genes of crustaceans. An expression analysis by quantitative RT-PCR indicated that Mr-grp78 was expressed in all tissues and presented its highest expression in the ovary (57.64 ± 2.39-fold), followed by the gills (42.25 ± 1.12), hindgut (37.15 ± 2.47), thoracic ganglia (28.55 ± 2.45) and hemocytes (28.45 ± 2.26). Expression analysis of Mr-grp78 mRNA levels under Aeromonas hydrophila induction and heat/cold-shock exposure was conducted in the gills, hepatopancreas and hemocytes. The expression levels of Mr-grp78 in these tissues were highly upregulated 12 h after bacterial infection. In contrast, under heat- and cold-shock conditions, the expression of Mr-grp78 was significantly suppressed in the gills at 24–96 h and in the hepatopancreas at 12 h (p < 0.05). A functional analysis via Mr-grp78 gene knockdown showed that Mr-grp78 transcription in the gills, hepatopancreas and muscle strongly decreased from 6 to 96 h. Furthermore, the silencing of this gene effectively increased the sensitivity of the tested prawns to heat- and pathogenic-bacterium-induced stress. The results of this study clearly demonstrate the significant functional roles of Mr-grp78 in response to both temperature and pathogen treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
- Center of Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2579-2924
| | - Tanya Ju-Ngam
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
- Center of Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Ratree Wongpanya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
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Chen YH, Lian YY, Lu KC, Chen GL, Fan JQ, Li BB, He JG. Litopenaeus vannamei Sma and Mad related protein 5 gene is involved in stress response and white spot syndrome virus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 117:104-112. [PMID: 34333126 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell survival is based on the stability of intracellular state. It was well known that biochemical reactions in cells require specific intracellular environments, such as pH and calcium concentration. While the mechanism of stabilizing the intracellular environment is complex and far from clear. In this study, a Sma and Mad related protein 5 gene (LvSmad5) of Litopenaeus vannamei was cloned. LvSmad5 was located to both cytoplasm and nucleus. And subcellular localization of LvSmad5 was responsed to the changing of cells internal and external environment. Besides, it was found that subcellular localization of LvSmad5 was also regulated by unfolded protein response. Moreover, it was proved that nucleic localization of LvSmad5 could significantly increase the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in shrimp, and knockdown expression of LvSmad5 decreased the cumulative mortality of WSSV infection shrimp. Further investigation revealed that cytoplasm LvSmad5 could interplay with shrimp hexokinase 1, and contribute to glycolysis. These results indicated that LvSmad5 played a role in L. vannamei environmental stress response, and was used by WSSV for its replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hong Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) / Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), 519000, China.
| | - Yu-Ying Lian
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Ke-Cheng Lu
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) / Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Guo-Lian Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) / Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Jin-Quan Fan
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) / Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) / Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), 519000, China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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9
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Wang L, Lu KC, Chen GL, Li M, Zhang CZ, Chen YH. A Litopenaeus vannamei TRIM32 gene is involved in oxidative stress response and innate immunity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:547-555. [PMID: 33161091 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins are named by the presence of tripartite motifs in their amino terminal domains. Apart from the amino terminal, their carboxyl terminal contain variable domains which mediate diverse functions of the TRIM proteins. It had been found that TRIM proteins played important roles in distinct biological processes, such as innate immunity, anti-tumor immunity, cell cycle regulation and so on. In the present study, we cloned a TRIM32 (LvTRIM32) gene from Litopenaeus vannamei. LvTRIM32 was highly expressed in hemocytes, gills and epidermis, and subcellular localization analysis indicated that it was widely distributed in S2 cells. In vitro ubiquitination assays indicated that LvTRIM32 had E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Results of real-time RT-PCR assay showed that LvTRIM32 was induced in shrimp hemocytes upon oxidative stress. It was also proved that the promoter activity of LvTRIM32 was enhanced by NF-E2-related factor, and knocked-down expression of LvTRIM32 depressed the expression of malic enzyme and epoxide hydrolase. Downregulated LvTRIM32 suppressed the cumulative mortality of shrimp under oxidative stress. Moreover, it was found that LvTRIM32 could be induced in shrimp hemocytes upon immunostimulation, and downregulated LvTRIM32 increased the cumulative mortality of shrimp infected with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or Vibrio alginolyticus. Collecting results suggested that LvTRIM32 was a member of shrimp antioxidant stress system, and it was also involved in WSSV- or V. alginolyticus-infection resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) / College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Ke-Cheng Lu
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) / College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Guo-Liang Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) / College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning, PR China
| | - Chao-Zheng Zhang
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) / College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), 519000, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
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10
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Chen M, Yan F, Liu S, Wang Y, Chen J, Zhou E, Lin L, Ye J. Xbp1-u and Xbp1-s from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Transcriptional profiling upon Streptococcus agalactiae infection and the potential role in B cell activation and differentiation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:202-210. [PMID: 33011436 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
X-box protein 1 (Xbp1), an essential transcription factor including an unstable form (Xbp1-u) and a stable form (Xbp1-s), plays an vital role in B cell activation and differentiation to plasma cells. In this study, we cloned and identified Xbp1-u gene from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), containing 783 bp of nucleotide sequence encoding 260 amino acids. The deduced protein possesses a basic region leucine zipper domain (bZIP) and 26 ribonucleotides of OnXbp1-u transcript. Transcription analysis revealed OnXbp1-u and OnXbp1-s were widely distributed in all examined tissues, with a high expression in immune-related tissues. When stimulated with Streptococcus agalactiae in vivo, the expressions of OnXbp1-u and OnXbp1-s were significantly up-regulated in liver, spleen, head kidney, blood, skin and intestine. After in vitro challenge upon S.agalactiae, the similar up-regulations of OnXbp1-u and OnXbp1-s were also demonstrated in head kidney leukocytes. Moreover, the OnXbp1-u and OnXbp1-s could get involved in LPS-inducible B cell activation and (r)OnIL6-inducible B cell differentiation. Taken together, the results indicated that OnXbp1-u and OnXbp1-s might not only involved in the immune response against S. agalactiae challenge, but also in the B cell activation and differentiation in Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Health and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Fangfang Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Health and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Health and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Health and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jianlin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Health and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Enxu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Health and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Li Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
| | - Jianmin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Health and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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11
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Janpoom S, Kaewduang M, Prasertlux S, Rongmung P, Ratdee O, Lirdwitayaprasit T, Klinbunga S, Khamnamtong B. A SNP of the hemocyanin gene (LvHc) is a marker for high growth and ammonia-tolerance in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:491-501. [PMID: 32750547 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Expression levels of hemocyanin (LvHc), activating transcription factor 4 (LvAtf4), glutathione S-transferase (LvGst), caspase 2 (LvCasp2) and anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (LvAlf) were examined in the hepatopancreas of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles exposed to a lethal concentration of ammonia-N (32.15 mg/l). The expression levels of all transcripts except LvAlf were significantly greater (P < 0.05) in tolerant shrimp (Lv-AT; N = 30) that survived up to 72 h post treatment (hpt) than in susceptible shrimp (Lv-AS24 and Lv-AS72; N = 45 and 15), that died within 24 h or between 24 and 72 hpt, respectively. Subsequently, effects of non-lethal concentrations of ammonia-N (control, 10 and 20 mg/l) on the expression of LvHc in juvenile shrimp were examined. Compared to the control, expression levels of LvHc transcripts in hemocytes and the hepatopancreas of tested shrimp changed after exposure to ammonia-N. One SNP (C > T545) was found in the LvHc322 gene segment. Real-time PCR amplification of specific alleles (real-time PASA) was developed for detection of C > T545 genotypes. Juveniles in the lethal exposure test that carried a C/T545 genotype showed a greater average body weight and total length (8.46 ± 0.36 g and 10.05 ± 0.16 cm) than those with a C/C545 genotype (7.48 ± 0.31 g and 9.60 ± 0.13 cm) (P < 0.05). Similar results were found in the second generation (G2) of a growth-improved stock (3 and 4 families of BIOTEC-G2-L1 and BIOTEC-G2-L2) and in commercially farmed shrimp (2 groups). Accordingly, expression levels and SNP of LvHc can serve as markers for selection high growth performance in ammonia-tolerant L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirithorn Janpoom
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand
| | - Mookthida Kaewduang
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirikan Prasertlux
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand
| | - Puttawan Rongmung
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand
| | - Onchuda Ratdee
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand
| | | | - Sirawut Klinbunga
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand
| | - Bavornlak Khamnamtong
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand.
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12
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Chen YH, Song F, Miao YT, He HH, Lian YY, Li XC, Li M. A novel Laccase gene from Litopenaeus vannamei is involved in the immune responses to pathogen infection and oxidative stress. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 105:103582. [PMID: 31874194 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Laccases (Lacs) are copper-containing oxidase enzymes that are found in various plants, fungi, and microorganisms. For invertebrates, particularly insects and crustaceans, Lacs have been shown to be involved in immune responses. In shrimp, a Lac gene has been cloned and functionally characterized, which revealed that it is involved in shrimp anti-pathogen infection. In the present study, a novel Lac gene (LvLac2) was cloned from Litopenaeus vannamei. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that LvLac2 is induced by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)- or Vibrio alginolyticus infection. In addition, the downregulated expression of LvLac2 decreased the cumulative mortality of WSSV- or V. alginolyticus infected shrimps. Moreover, LvLac2 is also induced by oxidative stress. Knocking down the expression of LvLac2 decreased the severity of hepatopancreatic injury caused by oxidative stress, as well as reduced the cumulative shrimp mortality during oxidative stress. Furthermore, gene reporter assays showed that the expression of LvLac2 is regulated by NF-E2-related factor 2, which is the key transcription factor of the oxidative stress response signaling pathway. Our study revealed that LvLac2 not only participates in immune responses against infections in L. vannamei but is also involved in oxidative stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hong Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) /Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, PR China
| | - Fei Song
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) /Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, PR China
| | - Yu-Tao Miao
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) /Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Hong-Hui He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontro / School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Yu-Ying Lian
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontro / School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Xin-Cang Li
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, PR China.
| | - Ming Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning, PR China.
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13
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Wang Z, Feng Y, Li J, Zou J, Fan L. Integrative microRNA and mRNA analysis reveals regulation of ER stress in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under acute cold stress. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 33:100645. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.100645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Song F, Chen GL, Lu KC, Fan JQ, Yan MT, He HH, Lian YY, Zhang CZ, Chen YH. Identification and functional characterization of a C-type lectin gene from Litopenaeus vannamei that is associated with ER-stress response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:977-985. [PMID: 31449979 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs), which bind carbohydrates in a Ca2+-dependent manner, are involved in many cellular activities, especially immunity. CTLs play important roles in both the antibacterial and the antiviral immune response and are also associated with autoimmunity. Several CTLs have been investigated in crustaceans, primarily with respect to their function in the immune response. In this study, we cloned a novel CTL gene (LvCTLU) from Litopenaeus vannamei. LvCTLU is involved in microbe agglutination and phagocytosis. Downregulating LvCTLU increased the cumulative mortality of L. vannamei after Vibrio parahemolyticus infection. Similar to other reported CTLs, LvCTLU also had antiviral properties. Downregulation of LvCTLU also increased the cumulative mortality of L. vannamei after infection with white spot syndrome virus. More importantly, LvCTLU expression was induced by the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is the key pathway in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress response of eukaryotic organism. Our results suggested that this protein might be involved in the shrimp ER-stress response. Reporter gene assay indicated that LvCTLU was regulated by X-box-binding protein 1, which is the key transcription factor in the UPR. Our study thus revealed that LvCTLU plays vital roles in both the anti-pathogen immune response and the ER-stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Guo-Liang Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Ke-Cheng Lu
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Jin-Quan Fan
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Mu-Ting Yan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hong-Hui He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontro, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Yu-Ying Lian
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontro, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Chao-Zheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 QunXian Road, Guangzhou, 511430, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE), Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
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15
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Wang Z, Qu Y, Yan M, Li J, Zou J, Fan L. Physiological Responses of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei to Temperature Fluctuation in Low-Salinity Water. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1025. [PMID: 31456695 PMCID: PMC6700251 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature is a significant environmental factor in aquaculture. To investigate the physiological responses during temperature fluctuation (28~13°C), experimental shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) were treated with gradual cooling from acclimation temperature (AT, 28°C) to 13°C with a cooling rate of 7.5°C/day and rose back to 28°C at the same rate after 13°C for 24 h. Hepatopancreas histological changes, plasma metabolites concentrations, relative mRNA expression of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and apoptosis in hepatopancreas and hemocyte were investigated. The results showed that with the decline of temperature, the number and volume of the secretory cells in hepatopancreas increased significantly, the tubule lumen appeared dilatated, and the epithelial cell layer became thinner. The contents of glucose (Glu) significantly decreased to the minimum value of 13°C for 24 h. The contents of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and total protein (TP) increased and reached the peak of 13°C for 24 h. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in plasma reached the lowest and highest value in 13°C, respectively. The expressions of all genes related to UPR and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas and hemocytes were significantly changed during the cooling process and reached the highest level of 13 and 13°C for 24 h, respectively. During re-warming stage, the histopathological symptoms got remission and each of the plasma metabolite concentrations and gene expressions returned to AT levels. These results revealed that pacific white shrimp can adapt to a certain level of temperature fluctuation by self-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlu Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuexin Qu
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muting Yan
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixing Zou
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanfen Fan
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Wang Z, Qu Y, Zhuo X, Li J, Zou J, Fan L. Investigating the physiological responses of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei to acute cold-stress. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7381. [PMID: 31372323 PMCID: PMC6660825 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the most important aquaculture shrimps in the world and low temperatures present a serious challenge to its survival, growth, and distribution. Methods To investigate their physiological responses during acute cold-stress, L. vannamei were treated under acute cooling conditions from 28 to 13 °C with a cooling rate of 2.5 °C/2 h and were maintained at 13 °C for 12 h. Plasma metabolite concentrations, histological changes, and relative gene expression related to the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas and the hemocytes of L. vannamei were investigated. Results The results revealed that the concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and total protein in plasma reached their peaks at 23 °C, and then decreased to their minimum values at 13 °C for 12 h. The activity of alkaline phosphatase in the plasma decreased to its lowest level while the activity of alanine aminotransferase increased to its highest level at 13 °C for 12 h. The hepatic tubules became necrotic and the basement membranes were ruptured at 13 °C for 12 h. The gene expression related to UPR and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas and hemocytes was significantly altered by the decrease in the temperature. Discussion The results revealed that acute cold-stress caused histological damage in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei, reducing its immunity. The three UPR pathways were involved in the process of acute cold-stress and the response of activating transcription factor 6 to UPR may be faster and more directthan the IRE1 and PERK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlu Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuexin Qu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhuo
- Qingyuan North River Fishery Science Institute, Qingyuan, China
| | - Junyi Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixing Zou
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanfen Fan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Cao XF, Liu WB, Zheng XC, Yuan XY, Wang CC, Jiang GZ. Effects of high-fat diets on growth performance, endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial damage in blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2019; 25:97-109. [DOI: 10.1111/anu.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Fei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Xiang-Yang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Cong-Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Guang-Zhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
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18
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Lian YY, He HH, Zhang CZ, Li XC, Chen YH. Functional characterization of a matrix metalloproteinase 2 gene in Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:404-413. [PMID: 30316944 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to both normal and pathological tissue remodeling. They act as regulatory molecules by working in enzyme cascades as well as processing matrix proteins, cytokines, growth factors and adhesion molecules to generate fragments with biological effects. So MMPs could play distrinct roles in the process of pathogen infection. In present study, we cloned a MMP-2 (LvMMP-2) gene from Litopenaeus vannamei. LvMMP-2, highly expressed in epidermis, located to endoplasmic reticulum in S2 cells. Results of real-time RT-PCR assay showed that LvMMP-2 was induced in shrimp hemocytes upon unfolded protein response or oxidative stress, but not via heat shock treatment. It is proved that the promoter activity of LvMMP-2 was enhanced by NF-E2-related factor 2 and AP-1 factor c-Jun. Further research showed that down-regulated LvMMP-2 contributing to oxidative stress injury, could reduce the cumulative mortality of shrimps under oxidative stress. Besides, our study also indicated that LvMMP-2 was accelerated by lipopolysaccharides injection. LvMMP-2 in S2 could increase the promoter activity of several antimicrobial peptide genes, and knocked-down expression of LvMMP-2 depressed the expression of penaeidin2 and β-Defensin. Moreover, we showed that down-regulated LvMMP-2 suppressed the cumulative mortality of shrimp infected with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or with Vibrio alginolyticus. Collecting results suggested that LvMMP-2 involves in shrimp innate immune response, and also contributes to tissue injury caused by WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Lian
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province/South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC)/ School of Marine Sciences, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontro / Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Hong-Hui He
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontro / Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Chao-Zheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 QunXian Road, Guangzhou, 511430, PR China
| | - Xin-Cang Li
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, PR China.
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
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19
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Chen YH, He JG. Effects of environmental stress on shrimp innate immunity and white spot syndrome virus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:744-755. [PMID: 30393174 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The shrimp aquaculture industry is plagued by disease. Due to the lack of deep understanding of the relationship between innate immune mechanism and environmental adaptation mechanism, it is difficult to prevent and control the diseases of shrimp. The shrimp innate immune system has received much recent attention, and the functions of the humoral immune response and the cellular immune response have been preliminarily characterized. The role of environmental stress in shrimp disease has also been investigated recently, attempting to clarify the interactions among the innate immune response, the environmental stress response, and disease. Both the innate immune response and the environmental stress response have a complex relationship with shrimp diseases. Although these systems are important safeguards, allowing shrimp to adapt to adverse environments and resist infection, some pathogens, such as white spot syndrome virus, hijack these host systems. As shrimp lack an adaptive immune system, immunization therapy cannot be used to prevent and control shrimp disease. However, shrimp diseases can be controlled using ecological techniques. These techniques, which are based on the innate immune response and the environmental stress response, significantly reduce the impact of shrimp diseases. The object of this review is to summarize the recent research on shrimp environmental adaptation mechanisms, innate immune response mechanisms, and the relationship between these systems. We also suggest some directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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Wu Y, Yang C, Liu D, Lu M, Lu G, Sun J, Huang Y, Liu C, Wang L, Song L. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 involved in regulating hemocyte apoptosis upon heat stress in Patinopecten yessoensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 78:248-258. [PMID: 29702235 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), one of the primary endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane receptor proteins, is involved in regulating unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway and plays an import role in maintaining cell homeostasis. In the present study, an IRE1 homologue was identified from Patinopecten yessoensis (designated as PyIRE1). The cDNA of PyIRE1 was of 3314 bp with a 2646 bp open reading frame (ORF) of IRE1 encoding a polypeptide of 881 amino acids. There was a signal peptide, four pyrrolo-quinoline quinine (PPQ) domains, a transmembrane helix region, a Serine/Threonine protein kinases domain (S_TKc) and a protein kinases or N-glycanases containing protein domain (PUG) in the deduced amino acid sequence of PyIRE1. The PyIRE1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in all the tested tissues, with the highest expression level in gills. PyIRE1 protein was mainly located in the ER of P. yessoensis hemocytes. The expression profiles of PyIRE1, glucose-regulated protein 94 (designated as PyGRP94) and glucose-regulated protein 78 (designated as PyGRP78) were determined by SYBR Green qRT-PCR after heat shock treatment. The mRNA expression levels of all these three genes were significantly up-regulated and reached their peak values at 2 h (3.97-fold, p < 0.05), 8 h (19.67-fold, p < 0.05) and 4 h (27.37-fold, p < 0.05) in hemocytes, 2 h (3.55-fold, p < 0.05), 12 h (8.58-fold, p < 0.05) and 8 h (35.31-fold, p < 0.05) in gills after heat shock treatment, respectively. After the injection with PyIRE1 dsRNA, the mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family member PyBax and the activity of caspase-3 significantly decreased in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05) after heat shock treatment. These results collectively suggested that PyIRE1, as an ER stress sensor, was potentially involved in the response upon heat stress by regulating the expression of PyBax and apoptosis of hemocytes in P. yessoensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chuanyan Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Mengmeng Lu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Guangxia Lu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiejie Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Control for Aquaculture Animals, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Control for Aquaculture Animals, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Xu S, Liu WY, Zhao FF, Li YJ, Yue Z, Jiao F, Xie SY. Identification and functional characterization of unfolded protein response transcription factor ATF6 gene in kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 75:223-230. [PMID: 29427718 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) pathway is the key branch of unfolded protein response (UPR). In this study, a homolog of ATFα from Marsupenaeus japonicus (MjATF6) was identified using genome sequencing and characterized, so as to investigate the role of ATF6 pathway in anti-viral immunity of M. japonicus. The cDNA of MjATF6 obtained was 1008 bp in length, with an open reading frame (ORF) of 849bp, which had encoded a putative of 283 amino acid proteins. Results of qRT-PCR showed that MjATF6 was distributed in all the six tested tissues, with the higher expression level being seen in hemocytes and hepatopancreas. Furthermore, MjATF6 expression would be up-regulated from 1 day to 7 day under white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge. In comparison, RNA interference-induced MjATF6 knockdown had resulted in a lower 7-day cumulative mortality of M. japonicus in the presence of WSSV infection. Additionally, our results also revealed that less VP28 mRNA was extracted from hemocytes or hepatopancreas of MjATF6 knockdown shrimp than that from the control. Taken together, these results have confirmed that ATF6 pathway is vital for WSSV replication, and that UPR in M. japonicus may facilitate WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Wen-Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Fei-Fei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - You-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Zhen Yue
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Fei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Shu-Yang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Lu X, Kong J, Meng X, Cao B, Luo K, Dai P, Luan S. Identification of SNP markers associated with tolerance to ammonia toxicity by selective genotyping from de novo assembled transcriptome in Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 73:158-166. [PMID: 29208499 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The high concentration of ammonia from deteriorated aquaculture environments and the intensive culture system could increase the susceptibility to pathogens and even cause high mortality in Litopenaeus vannamei. In addition, we have revealed that the ammonia-tolerant shrimp also have high disease resistance in L. vannamei. In the present study, in order to identify SNP markers associated with tolerance to ammonia toxicity, we developed and characterized SNPs from our previous transcriptome sequencing data of ammonia-stressed and control groups, and a marker-trait association analysis was performed for marker-assisted selection (MAS) to increase production in L. vannamei. A total of 318,919 SNPs were identified from the transcriptome sequences, and 25,772 SNPs were found from the 1826 ammonia-responsive genes with functional annotation. We selected 49 SNPs from 26 ammonia-responsive genes that had strong homologies to known genes in the shrimp and probably involved in immune function as candidate markers for genotyping, among which 39 SNPs were polymorphic for further marker-trait association analysis with the ammonia-tolerant (AT) and ammonia-sensitive (AS) groups. Finally, 12 out of the 49 SNP markers were identified to be associated with ammonia tolerance, containing 10 loci with significantly different allele frequencies and 10 loci with significantly different genotyping frequencies between the AT and AS groups. Among the associated markers, the G allele of TSP-1 (the first locus from the thrombospondin gene), the A allele of TSP-3, and the C allele of XBP1-5 (the fifth locus from X-box binding protein 1) only presented in the AT groups, but they were absent from the AS groups, which would be the preference of the MAS for the ammonia-tolerant shrimp. In addition, when the 12 associated SNP markers were used for analysis, the genetic diversity of the AT groups were significantly higher than that of the AS groups, but when the 39 loci were used there was no difference. This is the first report for the markers associated with ammonia tolerance in this species, indirectly with disease resistance, which provided important potential for genetic selection to increase survival rate and production in shrimp farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jie Kong
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xianhong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Baoxiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Kun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ping Dai
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Yuan K, He HH, Zhang CZ, Li XY, Weng SP, He JG, Chen YH. Litopenaeus vannamei activating transcription factor 6 alpha gene involvement in ER-stress response and white spot symptom virus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:129-139. [PMID: 28882789 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A previous study found that inositol-requiring enzyme-1-X-box binding protein 1 (IRE1-XBP1) pathway and the protein kinase RNA (PKR)-like ER kinase-eIF2α (PERK-eIF2α) pathway of shrimp play roles in the unfolded protein response (UPR). And they also be proved that was involved in white spot symptom virus (WSSV) infection. Yet the functions of the third branch in shrimp UPR are still unclear. In this study, we showed that upon UPR activation, activating transcription factor 6 alpha (LvATF6α) of Litopenaeus vannamei was cleaved and transferred from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in 293T cells, indicating that the ATF6 pathway in shrimp is also a branch of UPR. Furthermore, LvATF6α could reduce the apoptosis rate of Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cells treated with actinomycin, and knock-down expression of LvATF6α increased the apoptosis rate of shrimp hemocytes. In vivo testing revealed that the short from LvATF6α (LvATF6α-s) was obviously increased after UPR activation or WSSV infection, indicating that the ATF6 pathway was activated in L. vannamei gills under such circumstances. Moreover, knock-down expression of LvATF6α could reduce the cumulative mortality and WSSV copy number in WSSV-infected shrimp. Further study revealed that WSSV may profit from shrimp ATF6 pathway activation in two aspects. First, LvATF6α-s significantly upregulated the expression of the WSSV genes (wsv023, wsv045, wsv083, wsv129, wsv222, wsv249, and wsv343). Second, LvATF6α-s inhibited apoptosis by negatively regulating the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 - (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) pathway. All of these evidences suggested that the ATF6 pathway is a member of the L. vannamei UPR, and it is also engaged in WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hong-Hui He
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Chao-Zheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 QunXian Road, Guangzhou 511430, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yun Li
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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He HH, Chi YM, Yuan K, Li XY, Weng SP, He JG, Chen YH. Functional characterization of a reactive oxygen species modulator 1 gene in Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:270-279. [PMID: 28889015 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) imparts a dual effect on multicellular organisms, wherein high levels are usually harmful, and low levels could facilitate in combating pathogenic microorganisms; therefore, the regulation of ROS production is critical. Previous studies have suggested that ROS contributes to resistance to the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or Vibrio alginolyticus in Litopenaeus vannamei. However, the regulation of ROS metabolism in L. vannamei remains elusive. In the present study, we proved that the overexpression of L. vannamei reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (LvROMO1) increases ROS production in Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cells. Real-time RT-PCR analysis indicated that LvROMO1 is induced by WSSV or V. alginolyticus infection and β-glucan or microcystin (MC-LR) injection. Further investigation showed that LvROMO1 responding to MC-LR, thereby inducing hemocytes to undergo apoptosis, and ultimately resulting in hepatopancreatic damage. And LvROMO1 downregulation induced an increase in the cumulative mortality of WSSV-infected shrimp by reducing ROS production and suppressing the expression of antimicrobial peptides genes. The findings of present study suggest that LvROMO1 plays an important role in ROS production in L. vannamei and is involved in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hui He
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontro, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yi-Miao Chi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), School of Marine Sciences, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontro, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yun Li
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontro, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontro, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), School of Marine Sciences, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontro, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), School of Marine Sciences, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontro, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, SunYat-senUniversity, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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Yuan K, Yuan FH, He HH, Bi HT, Weng SP, He JG, Chen YH. Heat shock 70 kDa protein cognate 5 involved in WSSV toleration of Litopenaeus vannamei. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 72:9-20. [PMID: 28193450 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The expression levels of 97 unigenes encoding heat shock proteins of Litopenaeus vannamei was scanned, and ten of them were significantly induced by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Among these genes, heat shock 70 kDa protein cognate 5 (LvHSC70-5) was upregulated to the highest extent and subjected to further studies. Subcellular localization assay revealed that LvHSC70-5 was located in the mitochondria. Aside from WSSV infection, unfolded protein response activation and thermal stress could also upregulate LvHSC70-5. Results of reporter gene assay demonstrated that promoter of LvHSC70-5 was activated by L. vannamei heat shock factor protein 1, activating transcription factor 4 and thermal stress. A decrease in the expression of LvHSC70-5 could reduce the aggregation of proteins in hemocytes and the cumulative mortality of WSSV-infected L. vannamei. LvHSC70-5 in L. vannamei hemocytes was upregulated by mild thermal stress. In addition, mild thermal stress, decreased the copy number of WSSV in shrimp muscle and the cumulative mortality of WSSV-infected L. vannamei. Therefore, collecting results suggested that LvHSC70-5 should be involved in WSSV toleration of shrimp L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Feng-Hua Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hong-Hui He
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Bi
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC)/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC)/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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Yuan K, Yuan FH, Weng SP, He JG, Chen YH. Identification and functional characterization of a novel Spätzle gene in Litopenaeus vannamei. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 68:46-57. [PMID: 27884706 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Shrimp innate immunity is the first line of resistance against pathogenic bacteria. The Toll-like receptor (TLR)-NF-κB pathway is vital in this immunity process. In this study, a novel Spätzle gene (LvSpz4) of Litopenaeus vannamei was cloned and functionally characterized. The open reading frame of LvSpz4 was 918 bp, which encoded a putative protein with 305 amino acids. LvSpz4 was most expressed in the gills of L. vannamei. This expression was induced by Vibrio alginolyticus or Staphylococcus aureus infection or lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The reporter gene assay showed that LvSpz4 could activate the promoters of Pen4, Drs, AttA, Mtk, and white spot syndrome virus immediate early gene1 in Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cells. Knockdown LvSpz4 increased the cumulative mortality of L. vannamei upon V. alginolyticus infection. The unfolded protein response (UPR) induced the expression of LvSpz4 in L. vannamei. Moreover, the promoter of LvSpz4 was activated by L. vannamei X-Box binding protein 1 and activating transcription factor 4 in S2 cells. These results suggested that LvSpz4 was involved in L. vannamei innate immunity and caused the crosstalk between the TLR-NF-κB pathway and UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Feng-Hua Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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Liang Z, Liu R, Zhao D, Wang L, Sun M, Wang M, Song L. Ammonia exposure induces oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in hepatopancreas of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 54:523-528. [PMID: 27164997 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia is one of major environmental pollutants in the aquatic system that poses a great threat to the survival of shrimp. In the present study, the mRNA expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker and unfolded protein response (UPR) related genes, as well as the change of redox enzyme and apoptosis were investigated in hepatopancreas of the pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei after the exposure of 20 mg L(-1) total ammonia nitrogen (TAN). Compared with the control group, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in hepatopancreas decreased significantly (p < 0.05) at 96 h, whereas the malonyldialdehyde (MDA) concentration increased significantly (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of ER stress marker-immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (Bip) gene and key UPR related genes including activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and the spliced form of X box binding protein 1 (XBP1) increased significantly (p < 0.05) in hepatopancreas at 96 h after exposure to ammonia. In addition, apoptosis was observed obviously in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei after exposure to ammonia by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The results indicated that ammonia exposure could induce oxidative stress, which further caused ER stress and apoptosis in hepatopancreas of L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Depeng Zhao
- Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Mingzhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mengqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Chen YH, Yuan FH, Bi HT, Zhang ZZ, Yue HT, Yuan K, Chen YG, Wen SP, He JG. Transcriptome analysis of the unfolded protein response in hemocytes of Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 54:153-163. [PMID: 26497095 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Litopenaeus vannamei was injected with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) against L. vannamei immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (LvBip) to activating UPR in the hemocytes, shirmps injected dsRNA against enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) as control group. And genes expression in hemocytes of then were analyzed using Illumina Hiseq 2500 (PE100). By comparing the analyzed results, 1418 unigenes were significantly upregulated, and 596 unigenes were significantly down-regulated upon UPR. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes against known databases indicated that the distribution of gene pathways between the upregulated and down-regulated genes were substantially different. A total of 208 genes of UPR system were obtained, and 69 of them were differentially expressed between the two groups. Results also showed that L. vannamei UPR was involved in various metabolic processes, such as glycometabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and nucleic acid metabolism. In addition, UPR was emgaged in immune-assicoated signaling pathways, such as NF-κB signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, p38 MAPK signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway in L. vannamei. These results improved our current understanding of the L. vannamei UPR, and highlighted its importance in cell homeostasis upon environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Feng-Hua Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Yue
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Kai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yong-Gui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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Bi HT, Yuan FH, Yuan K, Weng SP, He JG, Chen YH. Identification and functional characterization of a glucose regulated protein 94 gene in Litopenaeus vannamei and its responsiveness in WSSV infection. Mol Immunol 2016; 73:29-36. [PMID: 27037893 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, a cDNA of glucose regulated protein 94 (LvGRP94) was cloned from Litopenaeus vannamei. Subcellular localization assay revealed that LvGRP94 expressed in endoplasmic reticulum (ER). And results of reported gene assays demonstrated that the promoter of LvGRP94 was activated by L. vannamei leucine zipper domain transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (LvXBP1) or heat shock treatment. Furthermore, LvGRP94 was found to highly express in hemocytes as well as in epidermis by real-time RT-PCR. In addition, it was shown that LvGRP94 inhibited by LvXBP1 knocked-down in the hemocytes, was induced by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection, or unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway activation. Importantly, decreasing LvGRP94 reduced the cumulative mortality of WSSV-infected shrimps and WSSV copies in shrimp muscle. These results suggested that LvGRP94 might involve in shrimp UPR pathway as well as WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Bi
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Feng-Hua Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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30
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Zhang ZZ, Yuan K, Yue HT, Yuan FH, Bi HT, Weng SP, He JG, Chen YH. Identification and functional characterization of an endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin 1-α gene in Litopenaeus vannamei. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 57:10-19. [PMID: 26631649 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, full-length sequence of endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin 1-α (LvERO1-α) was cloned from Litopenaeus vannamei. Real-time RT-PCR results showed that LvERO1-α was highly expressed in hemocytes, gills, and intestines. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge was performed, and the expression of LvERO1-α and two other downstream genes of the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase-like ER kinase-eIF2α (PERK-α) pathway, namely, homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum protein (LvHERP) and acylamino-acid-releasing enzyme (LvAARE), strongly increased in the hemocytes. Flow cytometry assay results indicated that the apoptosis rate of L. vannamei hemocytes in the LvERO1-α knockdown group was significantly lower than that of the controls. Moreover, shrimps with knockdown expression of LvERO1-α exhibited decreased cumulative mortality upon WSSV infection. Downregulation of L. vannamei immunoglobulin-binding protein (LvBip), which had been proven to induce unfolded protein response (UPR) in L. vannamei, did not only upregulate LvERO1-α, LvHERP, and LvAARE in hemocytes, but also increased their apoptosis rate, as well as the shrimp cumulative mortality. Furthermore, reporter gene assay results showed that the promoter of LvERO1-α was activated by L. vannamei activating transcription factor 4, thereby confirming that LvERO1-α was regulated by the PERK-eIF2α pathway. These results suggested that LvERO1-α plays a critical role in WSSV-induced apoptosis, which likely occurs through the WSSV-activated PERK-eIF2α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Zhi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Feng-Hua Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Bi
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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31
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Chen YG, Yuan K, Zhang ZZ, Yuan FH, Weng SP, Yue HT, He JG, Chen YH. Identification and functional characterization of a solute carrier family 15, member 4 gene in Litopenaeus vannamei. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 57:57-66. [PMID: 26691577 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity in shrimp is important in resisting bacterial infection. The NF-κB pathway is pivotal in such an immune response. This study cloned and functionally characterized the solute carrier family (SLC) 15 member A 4 (LvSLC15A4) gene in Litopenaeus vannamei. The open reading frame of LvSLC15A4 is 1, 902 bp long and encodes a putative 633-amino acid protein, which is localized in the plasma membrane and intracellular vesicular compartments. Results of the reporter gene assay showed that LvSLC15A4 upregulated NF-κB target genes, including the immediate-early gene 1 of white spot syndrome virus, as well as several antimicrobial peptide genes, such as pen4, CecA, AttA, and Mtk in S2 cells. Moreover, knocked-down expression of LvSLC15A4 reduced pen4 expression in L. vannamei. LvSLC15A4 down-regulation also increased the cumulative mortality of Vibrio parahemolyticus-infected L. vannamei. Furthermore, LvSLC15A4 expression was induced by unfolded protein response (UPR) in L. vannamei hematocytes. These results suggest that LvSLC15A4 participates in L. vannamei innate immunity via the NF-κB pathway and thus may be related to UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Feng-Hua Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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Verbruggen B, Bickley LK, van Aerle R, Bateman KS, Stentiford GD, Santos EM, Tyler CR. Molecular Mechanisms of White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection and Perspectives on Treatments. Viruses 2016; 8:E23. [PMID: 26797629 PMCID: PMC4728583 DOI: 10.3390/v8010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its emergence in the 1990s, White Spot Disease (WSD) has had major economic and societal impact in the crustacean aquaculture sector. Over the years shrimp farming alone has experienced billion dollar losses through WSD. The disease is caused by the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), a large dsDNA virus and the only member of the Nimaviridae family. Susceptibility to WSSV in a wide range of crustacean hosts makes it a major risk factor in the translocation of live animals and in commodity products. Currently there are no effective treatments for this disease. Understanding the molecular basis of disease processes has contributed significantly to the treatment of many human and animal pathogens, and with a similar aim considerable efforts have been directed towards understanding host-pathogen molecular interactions for WSD. Work on the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis in aquatic crustaceans has been restricted by a lack of sequenced and annotated genomes for host species. Nevertheless, some of the key host-pathogen interactions have been established: between viral envelope proteins and host cell receptors at initiation of infection, involvement of various immune system pathways in response to WSSV, and the roles of various host and virus miRNAs in mitigation or progression of disease. Despite these advances, many fundamental knowledge gaps remain; for example, the roles of the majority of WSSV proteins are still unknown. In this review we assess current knowledge of how WSSV infects and replicates in its host, and critique strategies for WSD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas Verbruggen
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4, UK.
| | - Lisa K Bickley
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4, UK.
| | - Ronny van Aerle
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Crustacean Diseases, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Kelly S Bateman
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Crustacean Diseases, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Grant D Stentiford
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Crustacean Diseases, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Eduarda M Santos
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4, UK.
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4, UK.
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Leu JH, Liu KF, Chen KY, Chen SH, Wang YB, Lin CY, Lo CF. The novel white spot syndrome virus-induced gene, PmERP15, encodes an ER stress-responsive protein in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 49:239-248. [PMID: 25499032 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
By microarray screening, we identified a white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-strongly induced novel gene in gills of Penaeus monodon. The gene, PmERP15, encodes a putative transmembrane protein of 15 kDa, which only showed some degree of similarity (54-59%) to several unknown insect proteins, but had no hits to shrimp proteins. RT-PCR showed that PmERP15 was highly expressed in the hemocytes, heart and lymphoid organs, and that WSSV-induced strong expression of PmERP15 was evident in all tissues examined. Western blot analysis likewise showed that WSSV strongly up-regulated PmERP15 protein levels. In WSSV-infected hemocytes, immunofluorescence staining showed that PmERP15 protein was colocalized with an ER enzyme, protein disulfide isomerase, and in Sf9 insect cells, PmERP15-EGFP fusion protein colocalized with ER -Tracker™ Red dye as well. GRP78, an ER stress marker, was found to be up-regulated in WSSV-infected P. monodon, and both PmERP15 and GRP78 were up-regulated in shrimp injected with ER stress inducers tunicamycin and dithiothreitol. Silencing experiments showed that although PmERP15 dsRNA-injected shrimp succumbed to WSSV infection more rapidly, the WSSV copy number had no significant changes. These results suggest that PmERP15 is an ER stress-induced, ER resident protein, and its induction in WSSV-infected shrimp is caused by the ER stress triggered by WSSV infection. Furthermore, although PmERP15 has no role in WSSV multiplication, its presence is essential for the survival of WSSV-infected shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiann-Horng Leu
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Fu Liu
- Tungkang Biotechnology Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hwa Chen
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Bin Wang
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yen Lin
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Fang Lo
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Zuo H, Li H, Wei E, Su Z, Zheng J, Li C, Chen Y, Weng S, He J, Xu X. Identification and functional analysis of a Hemolin like protein from Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 43:51-59. [PMID: 25527138 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hemolin is a specific immune protein belonging to immunoglobulin superfamily and firstly identified in insects. Growing evidences suggest that Hemolin can be activated by bacterial and viral infections and may play an important role in antimicrobial immunity. In this paper, we firstly identified a Hemolin-like protein from Litopenaeus vannamei (LvHemolin). Sequence analysis showed that LvHemolin shares high similarity with insect Hemolins and is mainly composed of seven immunoglobulin (Ig) domains which form a 'horseshoe' tertiary structure. Tissue distribution analysis demonstrated that LvHemolin mainly expressed in stomach, gill, epithelium and pyloric cecum of L. vannamei. After challenge with pathogens or stimulants, expression of LvHemolin was significantly up-regulated in both gill and stomach. Agglutination analysis demonstrated that recombinant LvHemolin protein purified from Escherichia coli could accelerate the agglutination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis in the presence of Ca(2+). To verify the immune function of LvHemolin in vivo, shrimps were injected with gene-specific dsRNA, followed by challenge with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or V. parahaemolyticus. The results revealed that silence of LvHemolin could increase the cumulative mortalities of shrimps challenged by pathogens and increase the WSSV copies in shrimp tissues. These suggested that Hemolin could play an important role in shrimp innate immune defense against bacterial and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zuo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Haoyang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Erman Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Ziqi Su
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Jieyao Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Chaozheng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Yonggui Chen
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Jianguo He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China.
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China.
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Li XY, Yue HT, Zhang ZZ, Bi HT, Chen YG, Weng SP, Chan S, He JG, Chen YH. An activating transcription factor of Litopenaeus vannamei involved in WSSV genes Wsv059 and Wsv166 regulation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 41:147-155. [PMID: 25172110 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Members of activating transcription factor/cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate response element binding protein (ATF/CREB) family are induced by various stress signals and function as effector molecules. Consequently, cellular changes occur in response to discrete sets of instructions. In this work, we found an ATF transcription factor in Litopenaeus vannamei designated as LvATFβ. The full-length cDNA of LvATFβ was 1388 bp long with an open reading frame of 939 bp that encoded a putative 313 amino acid protein. The protein contained a basic region-leucine zipper (bZip) domain that was a common feature among ATF/CREB transcription factors. LvATFβ was highly expressed in intestines, gills, and heart. LvATFβ expression was dramatically upregulated by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. Pull-down assay revealed that LvATFβ had strong affinity to promoters of WSSV genes, namely, wsv059 and wsv166. Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that LvATFβ could upregulate the expression of wsv059 and wsv166. Knocked down LvATFβ resulted in decreased expression of wsv059 and wsv166 in WSSV-challenged L. vannamei. Knocked down expression of wsv059 and wsv166 by RNA interference inhibited the replication and reduce the mortality of L. vannamei during WSSV challenge inoculation. The copy numbers of WSSV in wsv059 and wsv166 knocked down group were significant lower than in the control. These results suggested that LvATFβ may be involved in WSSV replication by regulating the expression of wsv059 and wsv166.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Yue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Bi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yong-Gui Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Siuming Chan
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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Xu J, Ruan L, Shi H. eIF2α of Litopenaeus vannamei involved in shrimp immune response to WSSV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 40:609-615. [PMID: 25149588 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The alpha subunit of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 (eIF2α) is a key translation regulator that plays an important role in cellular stress responses, which including virus infection. To investigate whether WSSV infection can activate the PERK-eIF2α pathway, the eIF2α in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, designed as LveIF2α, was analyzed. The LveIF2α, a 332-amino acid polypeptide, shares a high degree of similarity with eIF2α from other species, having two eIF2α protein signatures at the 13-88 aa and 192-243 aa. The WSSV challenge experiment showed that the protein level of the total LveIF2α was decreased after infection, while the phosphorylation of LveIF2α has no significant change, which indicated that the phosphorylation ratio of LveIF2α was increased after infection. Furthermore, inhibitor treatment led to a significant decrease of WSSV loads. Moreover, the Binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor, and PERK were also investigated during virus infection and it was shown that they were both up-regulated. Taken together, these results suggested that WSSV infection can induce ER stress and activated the unfolded protein response (UPR), and the PERK-eIF2α pathway is important for innate immune during WSSV infection in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiang Xu
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Lingwei Ruan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Xiamen 361005, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PR China.
| | - Hong Shi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Xiamen 361005, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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Li C, Chen Y, Weng S, Li S, Zuo H, Yu X, Li H, He J, Xu X. Presence of Tube isoforms in Litopenaeus vannamei suggests various regulatory patterns of signal transduction in invertebrate NF-κB pathway. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 42:174-185. [PMID: 24012725 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The toll-like receptor (TLR)/NF-κB signaling pathways play critical roles in the innate immune system. The intracellular signal transduction of most TLR pathways in invertebrate cells is triggered by formation of a heterotrimeric complex composed of MyD88, Tube and Pelle. In this study, we identified a Litopenaeus vannamei Pelle (LvPelle) and an isoform of L. vannamei Tube (LvTube) designated as LvTube-1. The interactions among LvPelle, LvTube/LvTube-1 and LvMyD88/LvMyD88-1 were elucidated and their functions during pathogen infections were investigated. Knockdowns of LvPelle and LvTube/LvTube-1 using RNAi strategy led to higher mortalities of shrimps during Vibrio parahemolyticus infection, and could reduce the genome copy number of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in the infected muscle tissue but did not affect the mortality caused by WSSV infection. The effects of LvPelle and LvTube/LvTube-1 on promoters containing NF-κB binding motifs were analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter assays and the results demonstrated that LvTube-1 could activate the NF-κB activity to significantly higher level than LvTube did. Moreover, tissue distributions of LvTube and LvTube-1 mRNAs and their expression profiles during pathogen and immune stimulant challenges were different, indicating that they could play different roles in immune responses. This is the first report of Tube isoforms in invertebrates. Together with our previous study on LvMyD88 isoforms, our results suggest that various isoforms of adaptor components may be involved in various regulatory patterns of signal transduction in invertebrate TLR/NF-κB pathway and this could be a strategy adopted by invertebrates to modulate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozheng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Li XY, Pang LR, Chen YG, Weng SP, Yue HT, Zhang ZZ, Chen YH, He JG. Activating transcription factor 4 and X box binding protein 1 of Litopenaeus vannamei transcriptional regulated white spot syndrome virus genes Wsv023 and Wsv083. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62603. [PMID: 23638122 PMCID: PMC3634759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the signaling pathway termed unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated. To investigate the role of UPR in Litopenaeus vannamei immunity, the activating transcription factor 4 (designated as LvATF4) which belonged to a branch of the UPR, the [protein kinase RNA (PKR)-like ER kinase, (PERK)]-[eukaryotic initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2α)] pathway, was identified and characterized. The full-length cDNA of LvATF4 was 1972 bp long, with an open reading frame of 1299 bp long that encoded a 432 amino acid protein. LvATF4 was highly expressed in gills, intestines and stomach. For the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge, LvATF4 was upregulated in the gills after 3 hpi and increased by 1.9-fold (96 hpi) compared to the mock-treated group. The LvATF4 knock-down by RNA interference resulted in a lower cumulative mortality of L. vannamei under WSSV infection. Reporter gene assays show that LvATF4 could upregulate the expression of the WSSV gene wsv023 based on the activating transcription factor/cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate response element (ATF/CRE). Another transcription factor of L. vannamei, X box binding protein 1 (designated as LvXBP1), has a significant function in [inositol-requiring enzyme-1(IRE1) - (XBP1)] pathway. This transcription factor upregulated the expression of the WSSV gene wsv083 based on the UPR element (UPRE). These results suggest that in L. vannamei UPR signaling pathway transcription factors are important for WSSV and might facilitate WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Li-Ran Pang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yong-Gui Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Yue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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