1
|
Karam N, Douglas M, Moy S. Impact of switching to bictegravir- or dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy on weight in people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic. Curr Med Res Opin 2025:1-12. [PMID: 40448452 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2025.2514761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2025] [Revised: 05/15/2025] [Accepted: 05/29/2025] [Indexed: 06/02/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate weight change in people living with HIV (PLWH) who switched to dolutegravir (DTG)- or bictegravir (BIC)-based antiretroviral regimens compared to those who remained on regimens that did not contain integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included virologically-suppressed PLWH seen at an HIV clinic between January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2023. Patients aged 18 years and older were included if they switched from raltegravir- or elvitegravir-based to DTG- or BIC-based regimens (Group 1), from non-INSTI-based to DTG- or BIC-based regimens (Group 2), or remained on non-INSTI-based regimens (Group 3). Pregnant PLWH were excluded. The primary outcome was absolute weight change from index visit date to 6 and 12 months. RESULTS A total of 200 patients were included (n = 45 in Group 1, n = 26 in Group 2, and n = 129 in Group 3). Groups 1 and 2 experienced a median weight increase of 0.9 kg and 0.5 kg, respectively, from index to 12 months, while Group 3 experienced a median weight decrease of 1.1 kg from index to 12 months. Body mass index (BMI) increased from index to 12 months by a median of 0.5 kg/m2 and 0.4 kg/m2 in Groups 1 and 2, respectively, and decreased by a median of 0.4 kg/m2 in Group 3. Hemoglobin A1c increased by a median of 0.1% in Groups 1 and 2 with no change in Group 3. Using mixed linear models adjusted for sex, age, and baseline BMI, there were no significant changes in adjusted mean weight, A1c, and LDL across the groups from index to 6 and 12 months. In Group 3, patients at the upper quartile of age were observed to experience a significant BMI decrease from index to 12 months (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION Switching to BIC- or DTG-based regimens during the COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with weight gain in treatment-experienced, virologically-suppressed PLWH in this single-center study. The study findings may reassure clinicians who are hesitant about switching treatment-experienced patients to newer BIC- or DTG-containing regimens due to concerns about potential weight gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nardine Karam
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University; Staten Island University Hospital
| | - Monica Douglas
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, United States
| | - Stanley Moy
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shabnam S, Zaccardi F, Yates T, Islam N, Razieh C, Chudasama YV, Banerjee A, Seidu S, Khunti K, Gillies CL. COVID-19 pandemic and risk factor measurement in individuals with cardio-renal-metabolic diseases: A retrospective study in the United Kingdom. PLoS One 2025; 20:e0319438. [PMID: 40273067 PMCID: PMC12021215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive research about changes in risk factor (RF) management of people with chronic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic is sparse. We aimed to study the impact of the pandemic on RF assessment in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHOD Using UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD, we identified adults with T2DM, CVD and CKD who were alive and registered two years before (March 2018 - February 2019; March 2019 - February 2020) and one year during (March 2020 - February 2021) the pandemic. We estimated the proportion of people whose RFs (systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), body mass index, smoking, and HbA1c) were assessed, mean values, and the proportion of controlled at each period for each cohort, overall and by age, sex, ethnicity, and deprivation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association of patient characteristics (age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, and comorbidity) with the outcome of having all RFs assessed during a given period. RESULTS Within the T2DM cohort, 66.4% and 65.2% had assessments of HbA1c in 2018 and 2019, which reduced to 43.4% in 2020. In CVD cohort, 76.9% and 72.6% had their BP measurements (54.5% and 51.3% for TC) in 2018 and 2019 respectively, which declined to 40.6% (30.7% for TC) in 2020. In CKD cohort, BP assessments declined from 77.9% and 72.3% in 2018 and 2019 respectively to 45.0% in 2020. These findings were consistent across patient demographics. In those with T2DM, SBP and DBP increased (+1.65 mmHg and +1.02 mmHg) in 2020. Elderly people were less likely to have all their RFs assessed in 2020 in all three cohorts compared to previous years. CONCLUSIONS Among people with major cardiometabolic conditions, there have been substantial reductions in the assessment and control of several key RFs during the pandemic. These patients will need regular monitoring in future for the prevention of complications. Our findings also highlight the need for resilient healthcare systems to ensure continuity of care and mitigate disparities in high-risk populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Shabnam
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Zaccardi
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Yates
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nazrul Islam
- Primary Care Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Cameron Razieh
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Health Analysis and Life Events Division, Office for National Statistics, Newport, United Kingdom
| | - Yogini V Chudasama
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Amitava Banerjee
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Seidu
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Clare L Gillies
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Martins HX, Herzog Siqueira J, Aprelini CMDO, Matos SMAD, Pereira TSS, Molina MDCB. Change in leisure-time physical activity and perception of weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the ELSA-Brasil Cohort. NUTR HOSP 2025; 42:105-116. [PMID: 39692235 DOI: 10.20960/nh.05294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objective: this study aimed to identify the association between changes in Leisure-Time Physical Activity (LTPA) and Perceived Weight Gain (PWG) during the COVID-19 pandemic among participants enrolled in the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods: an observational longitudinal study utilizing data from the ELSA-Brasil, Wave 3 - W3 (2017-2019), and Wave-COVID - WC (July/2020 to February/2021). LTPA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, collected at both time points, while PWG was evaluated through a questionnaire in WC. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 21.0, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: among 4402 adults (57.8 % women), after adjusting for potential confounding variables, individuals who reduced their LTPA levels to the extent of changing their classification were more likely to experience PWG - specifically, those who were moderately active in W3 and became sedentary in WC (OR = 1.5 [95 % CI, 1.2-1.9]) or had low LTPA in WC (OR = 1.6 [95 % CI, 1.2-2.1]), and those who were highly active in W3 and presented a low level of LTPA in WC (OR = 2.3 [95 % CI, 1.05-5.4]). Conclusion: our findings suggest that individuals who engaged in LTPA (moderately and highly levels) during W3 but transitioned to insufficiently active or sedentary lifestyles during the WC, were more likely to experience PWG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordana Herzog Siqueira
- Laboratório de Situação de Saúde e Gestão do Cuidado de Populações Indígenas e outros grupos vulneráveis (SAGESPI). Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (ILMD)/Fiocruz Amazônia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim D, Danpanichkul P, Wijarnpreecha K, Cholankeril G, Loomba R, Ahmed A. Current burden of steatotic liver disease and fibrosis among adults in the United States, 2017-2023. Clin Mol Hepatol 2025; 31:382-393. [PMID: 39610192 PMCID: PMC12016658 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2024.0987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2024] [Revised: 11/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Multi-society experts proposed the adoption of new terminology, metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and steatotic liver disease (SLD). We studied the current prevalence of SLD and its subcategories in the US. METHODS Using the recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2017 to 2023, we analyzed data from 12,199 participants (≥18 years) who completed transient elastography. SLD and its subcategories, including MASLD, metabolic and alcohol-related liver disease (MetALD), and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), were categorized according to consensus nomenclature. RESULTS The age-adjusted prevalence of SLD (cut-off: 285 dB/m) was 35.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 33.4-36.7). Within this category, the age-adjusted prevalence for MASLD was 31.9% (95% CI 30.4-33.4), MetALD 2.2% (95% CI 1.8-2.6), and ALD 0.8% (95% CI 0.6-1.1). The prevalence of SLD and MASLD showed a statistically insignificant decrease during COVID-19, while ALD increased without significance. In contrast, the prevalence of advanced fibrosis in SLD was significantly higher during the COVID-19 era, at 9.8% for 285 dB/m and 7.8% for 263 dB/m, compared to 7.4% (P=0.039) and 6% (P=0.041) in the pre-COVID-19 era. The proportion of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in individuals with ALD was two-fold higher than MASLD and MetALD, largely due to increases during the COVID-19 era. CONCLUSION While the prevalence of SLD and its subcategories remained stable, there was a significant increase in advanced fibrosis among SLD individuals during the COVID-19 era, with ALD having a proportion of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis that was twice as high as MASLD and MetALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghee Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pojsakorn Danpanichkul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Karn Wijarnpreecha
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - George Cholankeril
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rohit Loomba
- Division of Gastroenterology and Epidemiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aijaz Ahmed
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hurley L, O’Shea NG, Power J, Sciamanna C, Tate DF. Measuring the influence of depressive symptoms on engagement, adherence, and weight loss in an eHealth intervention. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2025; 4:e0000766. [PMID: 40132030 PMCID: PMC11936179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital behavior change interventions (eHealth, mHealth) are known to be capable of promoting clinically significant weight loss among some participants. However, these programs can struggle with declining engagement and adherence over time, which can hamper their effectiveness. This analysis examines the extent that depression symptoms may negatively influence engagement, adherence, and 6 month weight change in an eHealth intervention. METHODS Structural equation modeling is applied to test the effects of baseline depression symptoms on weight change outcomes, mediated through latent constructs of engagement and adherence, respectively. These constructs were highly correlated within this dataset and necessitated two separate models to be tested. Engagement was indicated by 6 month sums of website logins, user-created goals, visiting various webpages, and posts on the online discussion boards. Adherence was indicated by 6 month sums of weeks exercise goals met, days weight logged, and days of complete dietary tracking. RESULTS Depression symptoms showed no direct association with weight change (p's ≥ 0.6), but were negatively associated with both constructs of engagement and adherence (p's < 0.001), which in turn were negatively associated with weight change in both models (p's < 0.001). It was determined depression symptoms had a positive indirect association with weight change fully mediated through these variables, meaning less weight loss or possible weight gain (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION This analysis shows that depression symptoms had a significant, undesirable effect on weight loss outcomes within this eHealth intervention, fully mediated through measured participant engagement and adherence. Further research is needed to test these constructs within a longitudinal model to better understand their dynamic interrelationships, and consider means to address depression in future digital interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lex Hurley
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Health Behavior, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Nisha G. O’Shea
- Research Triangle Institute (RTI) International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Julianne Power
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Health Behavior, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christopher Sciamanna
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Deborah F. Tate
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Health Behavior, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Nutrition, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Merfeld J, Banaag A, Janvrin ML, Koehlmoos TP. A cohort study of body mass index changes among U.S. Air Force personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health 2025; 25:564. [PMID: 39934753 PMCID: PMC11817703 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-025-21808-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2025] [Indexed: 02/13/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic period continues to be felt, including a resulting increase in prevalence and rates of individuals with obesity within the Unites States, which had already been trending upward prior to the pandemic. This study aims to identify changes in body mass index (BMI) among the active-duty U.S. Air Force (USAF) personnel prior to and during the pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of USAF active-duty personnel. BMI data points were sourced from the Military Health System Data Repository and included a measure from each period: pre- (September 1, 2018 - February 28, 2020), early (March 1, 2020 - September 30, 2020), and late pandemic (October 1, 2020 - September 30, 2022). Pregnant women delivering during or one year prior to the study periods were excluded. Statistical analysis included percent change, the Stuart-Maxwell test for marginal homogeneity, and ANOVA comparing mean BMI with post-hoc mean comparisons. Additionally, the percentage change toward obese BMI was stratified by rank and occupation. RESULTS We identified a cohort of 111,392 active-duty USAF personnel. The overall increase in prevalence of USAF personnel with obesity over the entire study period was 44.1%. The prevalence of USAF personnel with obesity among our cohort increased by 11.6% from the pre-pandemic period to the early pandemic period (18% pre-pandemic; 20.8% early pandemic) with a 29.1% increase in prevalence from the early to late pandemic periods (20.8% early pandemic; 26.9% late pandemic). USAF aircrew members progressed to having a BMI of obese at lower rates over the same periods increasing by 7.8%, 21.3%, and 30.7%, respectively. The most prominent changes were observed among females, personnel between the ages 20 and 24, of American Indian or Alaska Native race, and in junior enlisted ranks. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis indicates that like the other service branches of the U.S. military, the Air Force experienced an increase in active-duty personnel with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic period. This indicates increases in rates of service members with obesity across the U.S. armed forces, which is likely to result in decreased force readiness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joe Merfeld
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Amanda Banaag
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., 6720A Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Miranda Lynn Janvrin
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., 6720A Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
| | - Tracey Pérez Koehlmoos
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sarrible GB, Bazzano MV, Koutsovitis C, Bilbao MG, Da Cuña RH, Neira M, Bartolomé JA, Elia EM. Effects of coenzyme q10 supplementation on metabolic and reproductive outcomes in obese rats. J Ovarian Res 2025; 18:22. [PMID: 39901256 PMCID: PMC11789320 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-025-01604-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2025] [Indexed: 02/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a global epidemic, is linked to adverse reproductive outcomes, including infertility and ovulation dysfunction. The cafeteria diet (CAF) serves as an animal model mirroring Western diet habit. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), known for enhancing reproductive outcomes in various pathologies, is not fully understood for its effects on obesity treatment. Here, obesity was modeled using CAF-fed rats to assess CoQ10's impact on metabolic and ovarian disruptions caused by obesity. Wistar rats were divided into control (standard diet) and obese (CAF diet) groups. After 75 days, half of each group received oral CoQ10 (5 mg/kg) for 13 days, while the rest received a vehicle. Animals were euthanized during the estrus phase, and blood and ovaries were collected for analysis. CAF caused increased body weight gain (p < 0.01) associated with hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia (p < 0.05). Moreover, it caused a reduction in the number of AMH + follicles (p < 0.001), increasing follicular atresia (p < 0.05) and serum estradiol levels (p < 0.05). Obesity also altered the estrous cycle and reduced the ovulation rate (p < 0.05). CoQ10 administration showed beneficial effects on all ovarian disruptions but had no effect on the metabolic alterations induced by obesity. In summary, CoQ10 could be an additional treatment for obesity-related infertility in patients with normal metabolic profiles. While CoQ10 does not affect metabolic parameters influenced by obesity, crucial for reproductive issues and offspring health, it is recommended as part of a treatment plan that includes a balanced diet and increased physical activity for obese individuals with metabolic alterations seeking pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Belén Sarrible
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Bazzano
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory for Translational Perinatology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Caterina Koutsovitis
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Guillermina Bilbao
- CONICET. CCT Patagonia Confluencia, La Pampa, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Hernán Da Cuña
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- UBA-CONICET- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melanie Neira
- CONICET-Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Evelin Mariel Elia
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meller FDO, Schäfer AA, Vargas BL, Viero VDSF, Saes-Silva E, Quadra MR, Dumith SDC. Home office is associated with weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic: Brazilian population-based studies. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2025; 30:e08032023. [PMID: 39936677 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232025302.08032023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2025] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused changes in life, affecting habits and behaviors, and one of its consequences is an increase in weight. We aimed to evaluate the association between remote work and weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic in two cities in southern Brazil. A population-based cross-sectional study carried out in the southern region of Brazil. Data were collected face-to-face, in households selected by census sampling. The outcome was weight gain, and the exposure was remote working. To verify this association, Poisson Regression was used to calculate the crude and adjusted prevalence ratio and its 95% confidence intervals, using 5% significance level. In total, 2,152 individuals were interviewed. The prevalence of weight gain during the pandemic was 38.4% (95%CI 36.1-40.7), being significantly higher in those who worked remotely (47.0% vs 37.7, p=0.02). Those individuals who worked remotely were 23% more likely to gain weight during the pandemic compared to those who did not work remotely (PR: 1.23; 95%CI 1.02-1.49). Health and education services may be encouraged to implement educational actions at the collective level, aimed at enlightening the population and preventing weight gain in periods of confinement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Oliveira Meller
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC). Av. Universitária 1105, Bairro Universitário. 88806-000 Criciúma SC Brasil.
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde Pública, FURG. Rio Grande RS Brasil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Atenção à Saúde e Epidemiologia, UNESC. Criciúma SC Brasil
| | - Antônio Augusto Schäfer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC). Av. Universitária 1105, Bairro Universitário. 88806-000 Criciúma SC Brasil.
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde Pública, FURG. Rio Grande RS Brasil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Atenção à Saúde e Epidemiologia, UNESC. Criciúma SC Brasil
| | - Bianca Languer Vargas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG). Rio Grande RS Brasil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde Pública, FURG. Rio Grande RS Brasil
| | - Vanise Dos Santos Ferreira Viero
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG). Rio Grande RS Brasil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde Pública, FURG. Rio Grande RS Brasil
| | - Elizabet Saes-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG). Rio Grande RS Brasil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde Pública, FURG. Rio Grande RS Brasil
| | - Micaela Rabelo Quadra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, UNESC. Criciúma SC Brasil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Atenção à Saúde e Epidemiologia, UNESC. Criciúma SC Brasil
| | - Samuel de Carvalho Dumith
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG). Rio Grande RS Brasil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde Pública, FURG. Rio Grande RS Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abd ElHafeez S, Issa YA, Tharwat S, Elmowafy AY, Salem KM, Amin NG, Nassar MK, Ghazy Mohamed R. Dietary habits and weight change during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among the Egyptian population. BMC Nutr 2025; 11:2. [PMID: 39773348 PMCID: PMC11708106 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00977-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has a profound influence on the health of the population. This study aimed to assess the weight changes and its relation to the dietary habits and physical activity among adult Egyptian population during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted using anonymous online questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed across Egypt via community-based networks, social and institutional emailing lists, and professional organizations to collect data on sociodemographic, clinical history, dietary and lifestyle habits, physical activity, anthropometric measurements, and stressing factors. RESULTS The study participants (n = 1000) had a median (interquartile range) age of 34.0 (23.0-40.0) years, with 18.7% males, 96.6% having university or postgraduate education. Among them, 69.1% reported weight gain, 21.3% no change, and 9.6% weight loss. Weight loss was predicted by following COVID-19 pandemic reports daily [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.50 (95% CI, 0.27-0.93), p = 0.03], monthly income change [AOR = 2.52 (95% CI, 1.51-4.22), p < 0.001], starting antidepressants [AOR = 3.57 (95% CI, 1.08-11.76), p = 0.03], and increase in social media use [AOR = 1.81 (95% CI, 1.05-3.13), p = 0.03]. Weight gain was predicted by starting a diet during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic [AOR = 1.57 (95% CI, 1.11-2.21), p = 0.01], physical activity during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic [AOR = 0.49 (95% CI, 0.35-0.69), p < 0.001], and unhealthy food intake [AOR = 0.40 (95% CI, 0.28-0.57), p < 0.001] CONCLUSIONS: More intervention programs aiming to improve dietary habits and increase physical activity should be rapidly implemented to reduce the consequences of the pandemic on the Egyptians to keep healthy weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Abd ElHafeez
- Epidemiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Amr Issa
- Medical Biochemistry, Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Arab Academy of Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alamein, Egypt
| | - Samar Tharwat
- Rheumatology & Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt.
- Mansoura University Hospital, El Gomhouria St, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35511, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Yahia Elmowafy
- Nephrology Unit, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Karem Mohamed Salem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Noha Gaber Amin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes, lipidology & metabolism unit, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Kamal Nassar
- Mansoura Nephrology & Dialysis Unit (MNDU), Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ramy Ghazy Mohamed
- Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hurley L, O’Shea NG, Nezami BT, Valle CG, Tate DF. Fluctuations in mHealth engagement following receipt of goal-discrepant feedback messages. Digit Health 2025; 11:20552076241312569. [PMID: 39801582 PMCID: PMC11719448 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241312569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 12/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective Digital behavior change interventions can successfully promote change in behavioral outcomes, but often suffer from steep decreases in engagement over time, which hampers their effectiveness. Providing feedback on goal performance is an established technique to promote goal attainment; however, theory indicates that sending goal-discrepant feedback messages could cause some users to respond more negatively than others. This analysis assessed whether goal-discrepant messaging was negatively associated with participant engagement, and if this relationship was exacerbated by baseline depressive symptoms within the context of a three-month weight loss pilot mHealth intervention. Methods This analysis applied a generalization of log-linear regression analysis with n = 52 participants (78.8% female, 61.5% white, ages 21-35) to assess the likelihood of reading consecutive program messages following receipt of messages with goal-discrepant content. Results Receipt of goal-discrepant messages was associated with a significantly lower likelihood (RR = 0.89) of participants reading the next program message sent, compared to receiving positive/neutral messages or no message, but these relationships were not influenced by depressive symptoms in this sample. Conclusion Feedback on goal performance remains an important behavior change technique; however, sending push messages that alert participants to their goal-discrepant status seems to reduce the likelihood that participants will read future program messages. Sending messages containing positive or neutral content does not seem to carry this negative risk among individuals in goal-discrepant states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lex Hurley
- Department of Health Behavior, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nisha G O’Shea
- Research Triangle Institute International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brooke T Nezami
- Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carmina G Valle
- Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Deborah F Tate
- Department of Health Behavior, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Štefková G, Rimárová K, Dorko E, Dimunová L, Tejová M. Findings on impact of COVID-19 on mental health using keyword visualization. Cent Eur J Public Health 2024; 32:72-77. [PMID: 39832151 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a8281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The EU global health priorities focus on ensuring better health and well-being for people throughout their lives as well as on reducing inequalities between countries. The COVID-19 pandemic can be understood as a set of several events that directly or indirectly affected the mental health of people around the world. The aim of this study was to identify the main groupings of co-occurrence of all keywords related to the main keywords "COVID-19" and "mental health" acquired through search in the Scopus database using the VOSviewer tool. METHODS Descriptive study based on a bibliometric analysis of the occurrence of the keywords "COVID-19" and "mental health" in scientific articles retrieved from the Scopus database on 31 January 2023 covering period from 2020 to 2022 plus January 2023 in the field of medical research. The result was 1,625 articles extracted into a csv file and inserted into VOSviewer tool. By counting the number of co-occurrences of keywords using the VOSviewer, the final result was 1,211 keywords. Out of the 1,211 keywords 44 different keywords with the total power link strength of association with the keywords "COVID-19" and "mental health" were selected. RESULTS The presence of high rates and power links of depression and anxiety after the pandemic situation has been confirmed by visualization of keywords in scientific articles retrieved from Scopus database. The keywords "social support", "social isolation", "perceived social support", and "dementia" inform us about potential areas of research and trigger discussion about the impact of the recent pandemic on mental health. Another warning was the occurrence of the keyword "obesity" and its association with health consequences for individuals and society. Among all countries, the United States, the United Kingdom and China contributed the most with scientific publications focusing on pandemic and mental health. CONCLUSION The visualization of the keywords "COVID-19" and "mental health", specifically "depression" and "anxiety" create a new area for further research as well as establishing preventive measures leading to protection from mental health damage in the events of possible dangers of this type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Štefková
- Department of Nursing Care, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Kvetoslava Rimárová
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Erik Dorko
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Dimunová
- Department of Nursing Care, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Tejová
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Molarius A, Karlsson J. Factors associated with reported need of weight loss support among adults with overweight or obesity: results from a cross-sectional population study in 2022 in Sweden. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e229. [PMID: 39529476 PMCID: PMC11645111 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024002039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with reported need of weight loss support among adults with overweight or obesity in the general population. DESIGN A cross-sectional population study based on a survey questionnaire sent to a random population sample. Multivariate odds ratios for reported need of weight loss support were calculated for socio-economic, lifestyle and health indicators, in total and by gender and age group. SETTING Five counties in Sweden in 2022. PARTICIPANTS The study includes 10 069 persons with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) aged 30-69 years. BMI was based on self-reported weight and height. RESULTS In total, about 20 % reported needing weight loss support. The factors most strongly associated with reported need of weight loss support were obesity and female gender. Lack of social support, economic difficulties, physical inactivity, poor self-rated health, musculoskeletal pain and depression were also associated with reported need of weight loss support, whereas diabetes and hypertension were not. Some differences in these associations were observed between age groups. CONCLUSION Reported need of weight loss support is more common among women than among men and associated with obesity, lack of social support, economic difficulties, physical inactivity, poor self-rated health, musculoskeletal pain and depression in both genders. These factors are important for planning preventive and weight-control measures among adults with overweight or obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anu Molarius
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Värmland, Karlstad651 85, Sweden
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Jan Karlsson
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Walczuk S, Burk M, Furmaga E, Ghassemi S, McCarren M, Bukowski K, Glassman P, Cunningham F. Weight management medications for chronic use in 37 veterans affairs medical centers-A medication use evaluation. Obes Sci Pract 2024; 10:e70002. [PMID: 39219745 PMCID: PMC11362804 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.70002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale Controlled trials have demonstrated successful weight loss associated with certain weight management medications (WMMs). However, there are limited real-world data on prescribing patterns and efficacy and safety profiles of WMMs in Veterans Affairs (VA) patients. Objective To evaluate: utilization patterns of WMMs liraglutide, naltrexone/bupropion, orlistat, phentermine, phentermine/topiramate, and semaglutide; weight loss at three, six, twelve, and more than 12 months; safety; and treatment barriers. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional medication use evaluation (MUE) was conducted using electronic health records of outpatient Veterans newly initiated on WMMs at 37 VA Medical Centers between 1 March 2020 and 31 March 2022. Chart review was used to identify WMM utilization and capture rates of clinical response, defined as 5% and 10% or greater weight loss at the final weight, adverse drug events (ADEs), non-adherence, and discontinuations. Site-specific surveys evaluated local practices and barriers. Results Among 1959 eligible Veterans, semaglutide, phentermine/topiramate, and orlistat were most frequently prescribed. The clinical response was highest among phentermine/topiramate, liraglutide, and semaglutide. Naltrexone/bupropion and phentermine demonstrated the highest and lowest ADE rates, respectively. Potential barriers to WMM utilization and successful treatment by site reports were drug shortages, patient perceptions of therapeutic course, personal preferences, and VA WMM use criteria. Conclusions Smaller weight loss and higher discontinuation rates were observed relative to clinical trials. The MUE data allow for better assessment of benefits and risks for Veterans prescribed WMMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Walczuk
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Center for Medication SafetyHinesIllinoisUSA
- Present address:
Jesse Brown VA Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA.
| | - Muriel Burk
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Center for Medication SafetyHinesIllinoisUSA
- United States Department of Veterans AffairsVA Pharmacy Benefits Management ServicesWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Elaine Furmaga
- United States Department of Veterans AffairsVA Pharmacy Benefits Management ServicesWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Samaneh Ghassemi
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Center for Medication SafetyHinesIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Kenneth Bukowski
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Center for Medication SafetyHinesIllinoisUSA
| | - Peter Glassman
- United States Department of Veterans AffairsVA Pharmacy Benefits Management ServicesWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare SystemLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Fran Cunningham
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Center for Medication SafetyHinesIllinoisUSA
- United States Department of Veterans AffairsVA Pharmacy Benefits Management ServicesWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Horii RI, Mann T. Norms and attributions about weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Health 2024; 39:1303-1320. [PMID: 36384371 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2142224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Weight gain was common during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially creating a new descriptive norm about weight gain. The unique context of a global pandemic may have influenced situational attributions for weight gain that were not typical prior to the pandemic. We examined the effects of the new norm on people's views about responsibility and blame for weight gain. Methods. In two preregistered surveys, we aimed to manipulate the salience of weight gain during COVID-19, and measured views about responsibility and blame for weight gain. Results. Among participants who gained weight, the more common they perceived weight gain to be, the more they felt their own weight gain was understandable (b = 0.09, se = 0.04, p = 0.02), but perceived commonness didn't relate to their feelings of responsibility and blame for weight gain. For participants who didn't gain weight, the perceived commonness of weight gain was associated with less blame towards people who gained weight (b = 0.11, se= 1.46, p = 0.044), but not with responsibility for weight gain. Conclusion. Participants believed weight gain was common during COVID, but this descriptive norm had mixed associations with attributions for one's own and others' weight gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rina I Horii
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Traci Mann
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rishi JK, Timme K, White HE, Kerns KC, Keating AF. Trajectory of primordial follicle depletion is accelerated in obese mice in response to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:483-495. [PMID: 38625059 PMCID: PMC11327319 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Both obesity and exposure to environmental genotoxicants, such as 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, negatively impair female reproductive health. Hyperphagic lean KK.Cg-a/a (n = 8) and obese KK.Cg-Ay/J (n = 10) mice were exposed to corn oil as vehicle control (CT) or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (1 mg/kg/day) for 7d intraperitoneally, followed by a recovery period. Obesity increased liver and spleen weight (P < 0.05), and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure decreased uterine weight (P < 0.05) in obese mice. Primordial follicle loss (P < 0.05) caused by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure was observed in obese mice only. Primary (lean P < 0.1; obese P < 0.05) and secondary (lean P < 0.05, obese P < 0.1) follicle loss initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure continued across recovery. Reduced pre-antral follicle number in lean mice (P < 0.05), regardless of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure, was evident with no effect on antral follicles or corpora lutea number. Immunofluorescence staining of DNA damage marker, γH2AX, did not indicate ongoing DNA damage but TRP53 abundance was decreased in follicles (P < 0.05) of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-exposed obese mice. In contrast, increased (P < 0.05) superoxide dismutase was observed in the corpora lutea of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-exposed obese mice and reduced (P < 0.05) TRP53 abundance was noted in preantral and antral follicles of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-exposed obese mice. This study indicates that obesity influences ovotoxicity caused by a genotoxicant, potentially involving accelerated primordial follicle activation and hampering normal follicular dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet K Rishi
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Kelsey Timme
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Hunter E White
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Karl C Kerns
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Aileen F Keating
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lee J, Yoo S. Weight gain, new-onset overweight or obesity, and their influencing factors during the social distancing era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34733. [PMID: 39144933 PMCID: PMC11320138 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is gradually increasing in South Korea, and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has accelerated the weight gain. In response to COVID-19, South Korea implemented targeted distancing measures based on the number of COVID-19 cases, rather than a full lockdown. This study focused on two subgroups that influence the rise in obesity prevalence during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and explored the factors contributing to rapid weight gain in this group during this period. This cross-sectional study involved 3,462 participants recruited through the MicroEmbrain Inc. Online survey panel. Participation emails were sent by the research company to the online survey panel, and individuals who voluntarily agreed to participate responded to the survey. The participants consisted of residents aged 19 and above from Seoul, with sample distribution taking considering sex, age, and region. Height, and weight before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were self-reported. The analysis revealed that compared with that of pre-COVID-19 statistics, 11 % of all participants entered the overweight or obese categories post COVID-19, and among those who were overweight or obese before COVID-19, 42.5 % reported weight gain. Both groups had relatively younger individuals, higher stress levels, spent more time alone, and had increased usage of online platforms including online food purchasing. Post-COVID-19 wt gain among individuals with pre-existing overweight or obesity status was associated with a higher frequency of solitary drinking (odds ratio [OR] = 1.407, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.024-1.932), increased online leisure time (OR = 1.336, 95 % CI = 1.063-1.678), and increased use of meal delivery services (OR = 1.307, 95 % CI = 1.026-1.664). The prevalence of obesity has continued to rise after COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for interventions that mitigate the negative impact of the pandemic on health behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Seunghyun Yoo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rafferty C, O'Donnell A, Campbell S, Sun B, King J, Ali Z, Lynch D, Barrett E, Richardson S, Clifford M, McNicholas F. Eating disorders and COVID-19 - different or just more? Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:1939-1944. [PMID: 38492150 PMCID: PMC11294367 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-024-03649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 saw an increase in child mental health presentations internationally. Clinicians analogised the exponential increase in anorexia nervosa to a 'tsunami' or 'outbreak', raising parallel concerns regarding medical and psychological risks (Marsh in The Guardian, 2021; Leask in NZ Herald, 2021; Monteleone et al. in Eat Weight Disord 26(8):2443-2452, 2021) . It is unclear whether Ireland emulated this picture of increased referrals with increased medical compromise. AIMS This paper examines both rates and clinical profiles of child eating disorder presentations in the Republic of Ireland (ROI), across different clinical settings. METHODS Following ethical approval, retrospective chart reviews were conducted in a community eating disorder service and in two paediatric hospital settings. The time frame of the different studies ranged from January 2016 to December 2022. RESULTS Community eating disorder services saw significantly higher referral rates post COVID-19 (3.78/month vs. 2.31/month, p = 0.02), with a shorter duration of illness (4.8 months vs. 7.4 months, p = 0.001), but no significant difference in ideal body weight % (IBW%) at referral (85.32% vs. 83.7%, p = 0.1). Both paediatric hospitals witnessed significantly increased referrals post-COVID-19 (hospital 1; 4.38/month vs. 1.93/month, p = 0.0001; hospital 2; 2.8/month vs. 0.92/month, p < 0.0001), but no significant difference in IBW% at assessment (hospital 1; 82.7% vs. 81.39%, p = 0.673; hospital 2; 81.5% vs. 83%, p = 0.563). There was no significant difference in clinical profile, management, or duration of hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the growing consensus of a pandemic specific increase in eating disorder referrals to both medical and psychiatry services. However, there was little to indicate a change in clinical profile or severity. Ongoing monitoring of referrals is necessary to ensure adequate service availability and expertise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathal Rafferty
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Sally Campbell
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bohan Sun
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jenny King
- Department of Paediatric Liaison Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Ireland, Crumlin Dublin 12, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zeinab Ali
- Department of Paediatric Liaison Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Ireland, Crumlin Dublin 12, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diarmuid Lynch
- Department of Paediatric Liaison Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Ireland, Crumlin Dublin 12, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Barrett
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Paediatric Liaison Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Ireland, Temple St. Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarah Richardson
- Department of Paediatric Liaison Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Ireland, Crumlin Dublin 12, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Fiona McNicholas
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Paediatric Liaison Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Ireland, Crumlin Dublin 12, Dublin, Ireland
- Lucena CAMHS, SJOG, Rathgar Dublin 6, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cho B, Pan Y, Chapman M, Spaulding A, Stallings-Smith S. Changes in Obesity Prevalence Among U.S. Adults After the COVID-19 Pandemic by State and Territorial Stay-at-Home Order Level and Sociodemographic Characteristics. Am J Health Promot 2024; 38:787-796. [PMID: 38345895 DOI: 10.1177/08901171241233399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine changes in obesity prevalence among US adults after the COVID-19 pandemic by level of stay-at-home order and sociodemographic characteristics. DESIGN Quasi-experimental study using repeated cross-sectional data. SETTING Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). SAMPLE Pooled data for US adults ages ≥26 years (n = 1,107,673) from BRFSS (2018-2021). MEASURES States/territories were classified into three levels of stay-at-home order: none, advisory/only for persons at risk, or mandatory for all. Individual-level sociodemographic characteristics were self-reported. ANALYSIS The difference-in-differences method was conducted with weighted multiple logistic regression analysis to examine obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) prevalence by stay-at-home order level and sociodemographic characteristics before/after the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2018-February 2020 vs March 2020-February 2022). RESULTS After adjusting for a secular trend and multiple covariates, adults in states/territories with mandatory stay-at-home orders experienced a larger increase in obesity prevalence (adjusted odds ratio: 1.05; 95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.11) than adults in states/territories with no stay-at-home order. Younger adults (vs ≥65 years) and individuals with CONCLUSION Increases in obesity prevalence were perpetuated 2 years after implementation of stay-at-home orders, indicating that longer-term health implications are co-occurring during the pandemic recovery period. Future research should focus on successful methods for staying active and healthy during social distancing and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beomyoung Cho
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Yining Pan
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - McKinley Chapman
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Aaron Spaulding
- Division of Health Care Delivery Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sericea Stallings-Smith
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Saleh MR, Abdelgaied MY, Galal N, Tarek M, Fouda A, Abdelkawy K. Unveiling the lockdown effects: exploring behavior, dietary habits and weight changes in rural Egypt during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional retrospective study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:85. [PMID: 38879511 PMCID: PMC11179345 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 lockdown significantly impacted dietary habits and body weights globally, particularly in Egypt, where 57.03% of the population resides in rural areas, despite lack of information. The study examines the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the weight changes of the rural Egyptian population through behavioral, physical, and dietary changes. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey using Microsoft Forms was distributed in Delta regions in Egypt. The questionnaire used a modified version of the validated 14- items PREDIMED MedDiet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). The first part of the questionnaire addressed sociodemographic variables whereas the second one included questions related to dietary, behavioral and weight changes of participants. These changes were statistically tested for significance in relation to BMI, gender, home living, current job and family history of obesity. RESULTS A total of 306 participated in the study (70% females, 13% obese, 95% living with family, 56% university students, and 36% with family history of obesity). Obese showed a significant increase in sweet intake whereas underweight and normal weight people displayed a significant decrease in eating desire. Both females and males showed significant increase in consumption of fruits and vegetables with significant decrease in soft drink. However, women showed a significant decrease in sport activity relative to men. Participants living with family showed an increase in sweet intake while those living alone explored an increase in meal frequency. Employers revealed a significant decrease in sport activities and people with family history of obesity reported more sleeping times than those without family history of obesity. CONCLUSION During Covid-19 quarantine, Egyptians' eating habits improved, but daily routines were disrupted. Raising awareness about obesity and providing guidance on maintaining activity, energy, and mood is crucial for future quarantine situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Reda Saleh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr- Elsheikh, 33511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Y Abdelgaied
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Naira Galal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr- Elsheikh, 33511, Egypt
| | - Mai Tarek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr- Elsheikh, 33511, Egypt
| | - Aya Fouda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr- Elsheikh, 33511, Egypt
| | - Khaled Abdelkawy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr- Elsheikh, 33511, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bohn T, Ferrini K, Stahl C. LIFANA - toward developing a meal recommender system as a dietary support app for the elderly. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:221-238. [PMID: 37877217 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: Though a variety of eHealth/mHealth dietary solutions exist, many are ill-adapted to the target population and local eating habits. A specific need exists for the elderly, a growing vulnerable population with limited digital literacy. The LIFANA project aimed at developing a mobile nutrition solution, i.e. a dietary meal-recommender app for personalized meal planning useful for the elderly. Methods: In addition to considering age, gender, and physical activity, the app assured sufficient intake of calories and proteins. The solution was optimized to consider local eating culture in Portugal (PT)/The Netherlands (NL) where it was tested. Recipes (>300) were included and aligned with national food composition dietary databases (FCDBs) to analyse their nutritional values for meal planning. Individual dietary preferences, food restrictions (i.e., allergies), and budget considerations were included in the user profile. The development process involved user integration, including focus groups and usability evaluations, followed by longer field trials in Portugal (n=53 participants, age 60-81 y, 14 months) and the Netherlands (n=107, age 52-86 y, 3 months). Endpoints regarding acceptance/usage frequency, anthropometric measures and (in PT) blood pressure and body fat were collected. Results: 23/34 elderly finalized the trials in PT/NL. No significant changes in anthropometry or other assessed markers, including blood pressure, were observed. 9% (NL) and 47% (PT) of users reported that they would consider using the solution if it were on the market. Conclusions: Via an iterative adaptive process, a dietary app was developed and improved that demonstrated acceptance/user-friendliness comparable to other tools available on the market and allowed - despite the COVID crisis - for stable anthropometric markers and blood pressure. However, it was also observed that additional features, such as a link to an online shopping app, and closer personal follow-up was associated with increased usability and acceptance of the solution and thus further personalization and nudges are warranted to increase employment of such dietary apps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | | | - Christoph Stahl
- Data Science and Analytics, ITIS Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur Alzette, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chan KM, Rahem SM, Teo HO, Curcio J, Mushiyev S, Faillace R, Bochner R, Bargman R, Raiszadeh F. Understanding family dynamics of obesity: Do parents and children lose and gain weight together? Pediatr Obes 2024; 19:e13097. [PMID: 38583983 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is prevalent among children and adults. Yet, understanding the relationship between parent and child weight trajectories is limited. OBJECTIVE (1) Examine the association between parent/child undesirable body mass index (BMI) category change. (2) Assess whether parental BMI category predicts child modified BMI z-score (mBMIz) annual change. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of weight trajectories of 3821 parent-child dyads between March 2020 and December 2021 within the NYC Health + Hospitals system. Undesirability of child and parental BMI category change and the magnitude of mBMIz change by parental BMI are analysed. RESULTS Of 3821 children (mean [SD] baseline age, 9.84 [3.51]), 1889 were female. Of the 3220 parents (mean [SD] baseline age, 39.9 [8.51]), 2988 were female. Most children (53.52%) and parents (81.94%) presented with overweight and obesity. Undesirable BMI change in children was associated with concordant change in parents (adjusted OR: 1.7, 95% CI [1.45, 2.01], adjusted p < 0.001). Children of parents with obesity (adjusted coef: 0.076, 95% CI [0.004, 0.147], p < 0.038) and severe obesity (adjusted coef: 0.1317, 95% CI [0.024, 0.239], adjusted p < 0.016) demonstrated greater change in mBMIz than those of parents with normal weight or underweight. CONCLUSION Parents and children have concordant weight trajectories, and public health interventions targeting both populations are essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina M Chan
- California Northstate University College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Elk Grove, California, USA
| | - Sarra M Rahem
- Department of Data Sciences and Support, NYC Health + Hospitals, Central Office, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hugo O Teo
- Department of Data Sciences and Support, NYC Health + Hospitals, Central Office, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joan Curcio
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals, Elmhurst Hospital Center, Elmhurst, New York, USA
| | - Savi Mushiyev
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals, Metropolitan Hospital Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Faillace
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Risa Bochner
- Department of Pediatrics, NYC Health + Hospitals, Harlem Hospital Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Renee Bargman
- Department of Pediatrics, NYC Health + Hospitals, Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, NYC Health + Hospitals, South Brooklyn Health, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Farbod Raiszadeh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals, Harlem Hospital Center, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mendez I, Strassle PD, Ponce S, Le R, Stewart AL, Nápoles AM. Age-related differences in the association between financial hardship and weight change during the COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30917. [PMID: 38779010 PMCID: PMC11108839 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the association of financial hardship with weight changes in the US during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We used data from the COVID-19's Unequal Racial Burden survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional, online survey of diverse adults living in the US, 12/2020-2/2021. This study included 1000 Asian, Black, Latino (half Spanish-speaking), and White adults and 500 American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, and multiracial adults (5500 total). Age-specific (18-39, 40-59, ≥60) associations between financial hardship domains and weight change were estimated using multinomial logistic regression, adjusted for demographic and health characteristics. Results Financial hardship during the COVID-19 pandemic was prevalent across all age groups (18-39: 76.2 %; 40-59: 75.6 %; ≥60: 50.6 %). Among adults aged 18-39 and ≥ 60 years old, food insecurity was significantly associated with weight loss (18-39: aOR = 1.42, 95 % CI = 1.04, 1.95; ≥60: aOR = 3.67, 95 % CI = 1.50, 8.98). Among all age groups, unmet healthcare expenses was also associated with weight loss (18-39: aOR = 1.31, 95 % CI = 1.01, 1.70; 40-59: aOR = 1.49, 95 % CI = 1.06, 2.08; ≥60: aOR = 1.73, 95 % CI = 1.03, 2.91). Among adults aged 18-39 and ≥ 60 years old, lost income was significantly associated with weight gain (18-39: aOR = 1.36, 95 % CI = 1.09-1.69; ≥60: aOR = 1.46, 95 % CI = 1.04, 2.06), and among adults 40-59 years old, experiencing increased debt was significantly associated with weight gain (aOR = 1.50, 95 % CI = 1.13, 1.99). Conclusions For those aged 18-39 and ≥ 60 years old experiencing financial hardship during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with both weight loss and weight gain. Less correlation was observed among adults aged 40-59.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabelle Mendez
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paula D. Strassle
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie Ponce
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Randy Le
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anita L. Stewart
- University of California San Francisco, Institute for Health & Aging, Center for Aging in Diverse Communities, USA
| | - Anna M. Nápoles
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Collins-Smith A, Prasannan L, Shan W, Dori E, Katzow M, Blitz MJ. Effect of Lockdown Period of COVID-19 Pandemic on Maternal Weight Gain, Gestational Diabetes, and Newborn Birth Weight. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e584-e593. [PMID: 35973792 PMCID: PMC10243366 DOI: 10.1055/a-1925-1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether the lockdown period of the initial novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surge in New York affected gestational weight gain (GWG), newborn birth weight (BW), and the frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Maternal and newborn outcomes during the first wave of the pandemic were compared with those during the same timeframe in the previous 2 years. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study of all live singleton term deliveries from April 1 to July 31 between 2018 and 2020 at seven hospitals within a large academic health system in New York. Patients were excluded for missing data on: BW, GWG, prepregnancy body mass index, and gestational age at delivery. We compared GWG, GDM, and BW during the pandemic period (April-July 2020) with the same months in 2018 and 2019 (prepandemic) to account for seasonality. Linear regression was used to model the continuous outcomes of GWG and BW. Logistic regression was used to model the binary outcome of GDM. RESULTS A total of 20,548 patients were included in the study: 6,672 delivered during the pandemic period and 13,876 delivered during the prepandemic period. On regression analysis, after adjustment for study epoch and patient characteristics, the pandemic period was associated with lower GWG (β = -0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.87 to -0.05), more GDM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.10-1.39), and no change in newborn BW (β = 0.03, 95% CI: -11.7 to 11.8) compared with the referent period. The largest increases in GDM between the two study epochs were noted in patients who identified as Hispanic (8.6 vs. 6.0%; p < 0.005) and multiracial/other (11.8 vs. 7.0%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The lockdown period of the pandemic was associated with a decrease in GWG and increase in GDM. Not all groups were affected equally. Hispanic and multiracial patients experienced a larger percentage change in GDM compared with non-Hispanic white patients. KEY POINTS · The COVID-19 lockdown was associated with decreased GWG and increased GDM.. · No change in newborn BW was seen during the lockdown.. · Overall, the lockdown did not have a large clinical effect on these pregnancy outcomes..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Collins-Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York
| | - Lakha Prasannan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York
| | - Weiwei Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York
| | - Ezra Dori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York
| | - Michelle Katzow
- Department of Pediatrics, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York
- Department of Research, Institute of Health Systems Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | - Matthew J. Blitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York
- Department of Research, Institute of Health Systems Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Murray K, Dawel A, Batterham PJ, Gulliver A, Farrer LM, Rodney Harris RM, Shou Y, Calear AL. Cognitive reappraisal moderates the protective effect of body satisfaction on mental health and wellbeing in adults: A prospective study during COVID-19 lockdown. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:268-277. [PMID: 38290577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body satisfaction is associated with mental health and well-being in adults. However, prospective studies are needed to better understand its protective effects, and in whom these are most beneficial. This study investigated body satisfaction as a predictor of depressive symptoms, generalised anxiety, and well-being in a representative Australian sample collected during the initial COVID-19 lockdown. Two emotion regulation strategies - cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression - were also tested as moderating variables. METHODS The sample comprised 684 adults aged 19 to 87 years who completed three primary waves of data spanning two months [Wave 3 (W3), W4 and W7] from the Australian National COVID-19 Mental Health, Behaviour and Risk Communication Survey. RESULTS Hierarchical multiple regression models controlling for demographic and COVID-19 risk factors, as well as W3 for each outcome variable, indicated that W3 body satisfaction predicted greater W7 well-being, and fewer W7 depressive symptoms and greater W7 well-being in participants reporting low levels of W4 cognitive reappraisal. No moderation for W4 expressive suppression was observed, nor predictive relationships between W3 body satisfaction and W7 anxiety. LIMITATIONS The two-month follow-up period precludes conclusions relating to the longer-term protective effects of body satisfaction within and beyond the pandemic context. Examination of focal relationships in clinical samples, and inclusion of broader indices of body image, emotion regulation and mental health, is needed in future studies. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest body satisfaction warrants attention in community well-being promotion in adults, and may be particularly beneficial for those lack adaptive emotion regulation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Murray
- School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Building 39, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Amy Dawel
- School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Building 39, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Philip J Batterham
- Centre for Mental Health Research, College of Health and Medicine, 63 Eggleston Road, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Amelia Gulliver
- Centre for Mental Health Research, College of Health and Medicine, 63 Eggleston Road, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Louise M Farrer
- Centre for Mental Health Research, College of Health and Medicine, 63 Eggleston Road, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Rachael M Rodney Harris
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, College of Science, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yiyun Shou
- School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Building 39, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549; Lloyd's Register Foundation Institute for The Public Understanding of Risk, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117602
| | - Alison L Calear
- Centre for Mental Health Research, College of Health and Medicine, 63 Eggleston Road, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lewis CE, Ghodasara SK, Rafizadeh A, Roskam JS, Kutlu HM, Gendler LS, Nemeth ZH. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on immediate breast reconstruction outcomes. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024; 91:380-382. [PMID: 38461622 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris E Lewis
- Department of Surgery, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
| | - Satyam K Ghodasara
- Department of Surgery, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
| | - Andre Rafizadeh
- Department of Surgery, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
| | - Justin S Roskam
- Department of Surgery, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
| | - Hakan M Kutlu
- Department of Surgery, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
| | - Leah S Gendler
- Department of Surgery, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
| | - Zoltan H Nemeth
- Department of Surgery, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kaur J, Lee YL, Stortz E, Palani G, Elkin B, Gravely A, Westanmo A, Billington CJ, Ercan-Fang N, Sibley SD. Telephone Virtual Versus In-Person Pharmacotherapy-Based Obesity Care: A COVID-19-Related Experience at a Veterans Administration Facility. Telemed J E Health 2024; 30:e1110-e1118. [PMID: 37883630 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2023.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Most of the Veterans Administration (VA) population is either overweight or obese, which is a serious health concern. Medical weight management visits have traditionally occurred through in-person clinics. However, the COVID-19 pandemic forced care delivery to virtual platforms. Methods: We compared weight loss with in-person versus telephone-based medical weight management (lifestyle counseling coupled with pharmacotherapy) delivered by physician and nurse practitioner visits during the pandemic. We designed a program evaluation utilizing a naturalistic (pragmatic) observational study structure, including both newly enrolled and previously established participants in the Minneapolis VA MOVE! program between 2017 and 2021. A "transition" cohort (n = 74) received in-person care from March 2019 to March 2020, and then transitioned to virtual care. A "new start" virtual care cohort (n = 149) enrolled after March 2020 was compared to a separate historical group (n = 180) that received in-person care between January 2017 and December 2019. Weight loss was accessed over a 9-month period in both cohorts. Results: Mean weight loss over 9 months was -6.5 ± 18.2 and -2.5 ± 13.3 lbs in the in-person and virtual phases of the transition cohort, respectively, without significant difference between the two phases (p = 0.22). Mean weight loss over 9 months in the new start (virtual) cohort was -14.4 ± 17.0 lbs compared to -16.7 ± 21.0 lbs in the historical cohort, without significant difference between groups (p = 0.44). Conclusions: In our naturalistic study in a single-site VA clinic setting, weight loss with telephone-based medical weight management during the pandemic was comparable to in-person care. These findings are important for veterans living in rural and/or underserved areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasleen Kaur
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yee L Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ethan Stortz
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Guru Palani
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Baila Elkin
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amy Gravely
- Research Service, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anders Westanmo
- Department of Pharmacy, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Charles J Billington
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medicine, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nacide Ercan-Fang
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medicine, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shalamar D Sibley
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medicine, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Landstra CP, Ruissen MM, Regeer H, Nijhoff MF, Ballieux BEPB, van der Boog PJM, de Vries APJ, Huisman SD, de Koning EJP. Impact of a Public Health Emergency on Behavior, Stress, Anxiety and Glycemic Control in Patients With Pancreas or Islet Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes. Transpl Int 2024; 37:12278. [PMID: 38601276 PMCID: PMC11005033 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2024.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
A public health emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic has behavioral, mental and physical implications in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). To what extent the presence of a transplant further increases this burden is not known. Therefore, we compared T1D patients with an islet or pancreas transplant (β-cell Tx; n = 51) to control T1D patients (n = 272). Fear of coronavirus infection was higher in those with β-cell Tx than without (Visual Analogue Scale 5.0 (3.0-7.0) vs. 3.0 (2.0-5.0), p = 0.004) and social isolation behavior was more stringent (45.8% vs. 14.0% reported not leaving the house, p < 0.001). A previous β-cell Tx was the most important predictor of at-home isolation. Glycemic control worsened in patients with β-cell Tx, but improved in control patients (ΔHbA1c +1.67 ± 8.74 vs. -1.72 ± 6.15 mmol/mol, p = 0.006; ΔTime-In-Range during continuous glucose monitoring -4.5% (-6.0%-1.5%) vs. +3.0% (-2.0%-6.0%), p = 0.038). Fewer patients with β-cell Tx reported easier glycemic control during lockdown (10.4% vs. 22.6%, p = 0.015). All T1D patients, regardless of transplantation status, experienced stress (33.4%), anxiety (27.9%), decreased physical activity (42.0%), weight gain (40.5%), and increased insulin requirements (29.7%). In conclusion, T1D patients with β-cell Tx are increasingly affected by a viral pandemic lockdown with higher fear of infection, more stringent social isolation behavior and deterioration of glycemic control. This trial has been registered in the clinicaltrials.gov registry under identifying number NCT05977205 (URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05977205).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril P. Landstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Merel M. Ruissen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Medical Decision Making, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Hannah Regeer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Michiel F. Nijhoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Transplantation Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bart E. P. B. Ballieux
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Paul J. M. van der Boog
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Transplantation Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Aiko P. J. de Vries
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Transplantation Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sasja D. Huisman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eelco J. P. de Koning
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Transplantation Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Loeb TB, Gholami M, Ramm K, Shedd K, Soetenga S, Jackson NJ, Chung UYR, Duru OK, Mangione CM, Hamilton AB, Moin T. Multilevel perceptions of the virtual delivery of the University of California Diabetes Prevention Program on RE-AIM domains due to COVID-19 mandates. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1327429. [PMID: 38525342 PMCID: PMC10959089 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1327429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The University of California's Diabetes Prevention Program (UC DPP) Initiative was implemented across all 10 UC campuses in 2018. The COVID-19 pandemic and accompanying mandates required swift changes to program delivery, including pivoting from in-person to virtual delivery (i.e., Zoom). Our goal was to assess multilevel constituent perceptions of the use of a virtual platform to deliver UC DPP due to COVID-19 mandates. Methods We conducted qualitative interviews with 68 UC DPP participants, coordinators, and leaders to examine the use of virtual platform delivery on the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) of UC DPP. Transcripts were analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis and emergent themes were categorized using domains corresponding to RE-AIM framework. Results Among UC DPP participants (n = 42), virtual delivery primarily impacted perceptions of UC DPP effectiveness and implementation. Some participants perceived program effectiveness to be negatively impacted, given their preference for in-person sessions, which they felt provided more engagement, peer support, and accountability. Implementation challenges included problems with virtual format (e.g., "Zoom fatigue"); however, several benefits were also noted (e.g., increased flexibility, maintenance of DPP connections during campus closures). UC DPP coordinators (n = 18) perceived virtual delivery as positively impacting UC DPP reach, since virtual platforms provided access for some who could not participate in-person, and negatively impacting effectiveness due to reduced engagement and lower peer support. UC leaders (n = 8) perceived that use of the virtual format had a positive impact on reach (e.g., increased availability, accessibility) and negatively impacted effectiveness (e.g., less intensive interactions on a virtual platform). Across constituent levels, the use of a virtual platform had little to no impact on perceptions of adoption and maintenance of UC DPP. Conclusion Perceptions of the reach, effectiveness, and implementation of UC DPP using a virtual platform varied across constituents, although all groups noted a potential negative impact on overall program effectiveness. Unanticipated program adaptations, including virtual delivery, present potential benefits as well as perceived drawbacks, primarily across the effectiveness domain. Understanding differential constituent perceptions of the impact of virtual delivery can help maximize RE-AIM and inform future UC DPP delivery strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamra Burns Loeb
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Maryam Gholami
- Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute (ACTRI), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kate Ramm
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kelly Shedd
- UCI Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Samantha Soetenga
- UCLA Campus Recreation, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Jackson
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Un Young Rebecca Chung
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - O. Kenrik Duru
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Carol M. Mangione
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alison B. Hamilton
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tannaz Moin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Haag L, Richardson J, Haig C, Cunningham Y, Fraser H, Brosnahan N, Ibbotson T, Ormerod J, White C, McIntosh E, O'Donnell K, Sattar N, McConnachie A, Lean M, Blane D, Combet E. Baseline Characteristics in the Remote Diet Intervention to REduce long-COVID Symptoms Trial (ReDIRECT). NIHR OPEN RESEARCH 2024; 4:7. [PMID: 39145102 PMCID: PMC11320183 DOI: 10.3310/nihropenres.13522.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Background The persistence of symptoms for ≥12 weeks after a COVID-19 infection is known as Long COVID (LC), a condition with unclear pathophysiology and no proven treatments to date. Living with obesity is a risk factor for LC and has symptoms which may overlap with and aggravate LC. Methods ReDIRECT is a remotely delivered trial assessing whether weight management can reduce LC symptoms. We recruited people with LC and BMI >27kg/m 2. The intervention was delivered remotely by dietitians, with online data collection (medical and dietary history, COVID-19 infection and vaccination, body composition, LC history/symptoms, blood pressure, quality of life, sociodemographic data). Participants self-selected the dominant LC symptoms they most wanted to improve from the intervention. Results Participants (n=234) in England (64%) and Scotland (30%) were mainly women (85%) of white ethnicity (90%), with 13% living in the 20% most deprived areas, a mean age of 46 (SD10) years, and median BMI of 35kg/m 2 (IQR 32-40). Before starting the study, 30% reported more than one COVID-19 infection (82% confirmed with one or more positive tests). LC Diagnosis was mainly by GPs (71%), other healthcare professionals (9%), or self-diagnosed (21%). The median total number of symptoms was 6 (IQR 4-8). Self-selected dominant LC symptoms included fatigue (54%), breathlessness (16%), pain (12%), anxiety/depression (1%) and "other" (17%). At baseline, 82% were taking medication, 57% reported 1+ other medical conditions. Quality of life was poor; 20% were on long-term sick leave or reduced working hours. Most (92%) reported having gained weight since contracting COVID-19 (median weight change +11.5 kg, range -11.5 to +45.3 kg). Conclusions Symptoms linked to LC and overweight are diverse and complex. Remote trial delivery enabled rapid recruitment across the UK yet certain groups (e.g. men and those from ethnic minority groups) were under-represented. Trial registration ISRCTN registry ( ISRCTN12595520, 25/11/2021).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Haag
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Janice Richardson
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Caroline Haig
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Yvonne Cunningham
- General Practice & Primary Care, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Heather Fraser
- Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | | | - Tracy Ibbotson
- General Practice & Primary Care, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | | | | | - Emma McIntosh
- Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Kate O'Donnell
- General Practice & Primary Care, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Naveed Sattar
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Alex McConnachie
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Mike Lean
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G31 2ER, UK
| | - David Blane
- General Practice & Primary Care, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Emilie Combet
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G31 2ER, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rosenkilde S, Sørensen TIA, Algren MH, Thygesen LC. Changes in weight status during the COVID-19 pandemic: impact of educational level and mental health. Eur J Public Health 2024; 34:190-195. [PMID: 37968230 PMCID: PMC10843948 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a disruption of daily routines and changes in health behaviors leading to widespread concerns about unfavorable changes in weight status and a potential increase in the prevalence of obesity. This study examined the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in weight status and its possible dependency on educational level and mental health. METHODS The study utilizes the Danish Health and Well-being Survey with repeated self-reported information on weight status collected before the COVID-19 pandemic (autumn of 2019) and twice during the pandemic (autumns of 2020 and 2021). Information on educational level was derived from registers, whereas mental health was measured using validated scales. Generalized estimating equations were performed to investigate changes in mean weight and body mass index (BMI) category (BMI < 30 to BMI ≥ 30) between 2019 and 2021 and to investigate potential differences in changes in weight status by pre-pandemic educational level and mental health. RESULTS Mean weight significantly increased by 0.34 kg [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.16-0.51] in 2020 and by 0.46 kg (95% CI: 0.26-0.66) in 2021 compared with pre-pandemic weight status. The increase was greater among individuals with lower educational levels and poorer mental health. There were no significant changes in BMI category during the pandemic. CONCLUSION The results showed a significant increase in mean weight among the Danish population, particularly among individuals with lower educational levels and poorer mental health, but without detectable differences in obesity, supporting a long-term but minor impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on weight status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siri Rosenkilde
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Maria H Algren
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Lau C Thygesen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Duffy SW, de Jonge L, Duffy TE. Effects on Cancer Prevention from the COVID-19 Pandemic. Annu Rev Med 2024; 75:1-11. [PMID: 37625124 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-051022-122257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic led to disruption of health services around the world, including cancer services. We carried out a narrative review of the effect of the pandemic on cancer prevention services, including screening. Services were severely affected in the early months of the pandemic, and in some areas are still recovering. Large numbers of additional cancers or additional late-stage cancers have been predicted to arise over the coming years as a result of this disruption. To minimize the effects on cancer outcomes, it is necessary to return as quickly as possible to prepandemic levels of screening and prevention activity or indeed to exceed these levels. The recovery of services should address health inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W Duffy
- Centre for Prevention, Detection and Diagnosis, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom;
| | - Lucie de Jonge
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Thomas E Duffy
- Centre for Evaluation and Methods, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Schraml J, Bauer K, Schild S, Klos B, Erschens R, Stengel A, Nieß A, Zipfel S, Mack I. Conventional weight loss therapy in morbid obesity during COVID-19 pandemic: degree of burdens at baseline and treatment efficacy. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1330278. [PMID: 38317768 PMCID: PMC10839038 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1330278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 affected global physical and psychological health. The purpose of this study was to explore the pandemics impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), mental health (anxiety, depression, and perceived stress) and eating behavior in people with severe obesity participating in a multimodal conservative behavioral weight loss (BWL) program conducted via videoconferencing. Additionally, the efficacy of the six-month BWL program in a virtual video-based setting during the pandemic was examined. Methods 297 participants of a face-to-face multimodal behavioral weight loss program prior to the pandemic (PrePAN, May 2014-September 2019) and 146 participants of the in terms of content same intervention in a videoconference-based setting during the pandemic (PAN, July 2020-April 2022) were questioned and compared using standardized questionnaires for HRQoL, symptoms of depressive and anxiety disorders, perceived stress, and eating behavior at baseline and at the end of treatment. Results Symptoms for anxiety, depression and perceived stress were similar between PrePAN and PAN at baseline. In addition, PAN tended to show lower disinhibition of eating behavior and feelings of hunger than PrePAN. During the pandemic, the BWL intervention resulted in body weight loss (67%) or stabilization (16%) in most of the participants. It also contributed by improving physical HRQoL, lower worries, and improved eating behaviors compared to baseline. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, baseline mental health of people with morbid obesity was not worse than before the pandemic. Additionally, the BWL intervention in the virtual video-based setting stabilized and improved physical and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Schraml
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Bauer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Schild
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bea Klos
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rebecca Erschens
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Nieß
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Mack
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Saraiya VM, Berkowitz SA, Johnston LF, Couper DJ, Sotres-Alvarez D, Lyons KM, Thaxton CK, Skinner HG, Samuel-Hodge CD, Keyserling TC. An Evaluation of Primary Care Clinician Referrals for Behavioral Weight Loss Counseling. J Prim Care Community Health 2024; 15:21501319241308054. [PMID: 39690977 PMCID: PMC11653456 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241308054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2024] [Revised: 11/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES In the context of enrolling patients from primary care practices into a weight loss research study, this study describes the percentage of patients primary care clinicians (PCCs) considered appropriate for referral and study participation rates among those referred. METHODS An electronic health record review identified 5322 patients aged 18 to 75 years with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 as eligible for review by community, attending, and resident PCCs for referral to a weight loss study. Referrals and patient interest in participating in the study are reported overall and by PCC type. RESULTS The mean (SD) age was 53.1 (13.9) years, mean BMI 36.5 (6.2) kg/m2, 41.5% were male, and 30.9% were African American. PCCs reviewed 3882 patients and referred 2762 (71.1%) to the study. Of 1120 not referred, 260 (23.2%) were not known well enough by PCCs to assess for referral. The most common reasons for not referring included too much comorbidity (171, 15.3%), psychological reasons (170, 15.2%), and non-English speaking (125, 11.2%). Among 1897 patients invited to participate, 676 (35.6%) expressed interest and 360 (19.0%) were enrolled. CONCLUSIONS PCCs referred 71.1% of their eligible patients. Among those referred, interest in participation was modest and enrollment was low. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04302727.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David J. Couper
- University of North Carolina at Chapell Hill, Chapell Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Kiira M. Lyons
- University of North Carolina at Chapell Hill, Chapell Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Palmer M, Kleiner DE, Goodman Z, Brunt E, Avigan MI, Regev A, Hayashi PH, Lewis JH, Mehta R, Harrison SA, Siciliano M, McWherter CA, Vuppalanchi R, Behling C, Miller V, Chalasani N, Sanyal AJ. Liver biopsy for assessment of suspected drug-induced liver injury in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis clinical trials: Expert consensus from the Liver Forum. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:201-216. [PMID: 37877759 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Causality assessment of suspected drug-induced liver injury (DILI) during metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) clinical trials can be challenging, and liver biopsies are not routinely performed as part of this evaluation. While the field is moving away from liver biopsy as a diagnostic and prognostic tool, information not identified by non-invasive testing may be provided on histology. AIM To address the appropriate utilisation of liver biopsy as part of DILI causality assessment in this setting. METHODS From 2020 to 2022, the Liver Forum convened a series of webinars on issues pertaining to liver biopsy during MASH trials. The Histology Working Group was formed to generate a series of consensus documents addressing these challenges. This manuscript focuses on liver biopsy as part of DILI causality assessment. RESULTS Expert opinion, guidance and recommendations on the role of liver biopsy as part of causality assessment of suspected DILI occurring during clinical trials for a drug(s) being developed for MASH are provided. Lessons learned from prior MASH programs are reviewed and gaps identified. CONCLUSIONS Although there are no pathognomonic features, histologic evaluation of suspected DILI during MASH clinical trials may alter patient management, define the pattern and severity of injury, detect findings that favour a diagnosis of DILI versus MASH progression, identify prognostic features, characterise the clinicopathological phenotype of DILI, and/or define lesions that influence decisions about trial discontinuation and further development of the drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David E Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zachary Goodman
- Center for Liver Diseases, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Elizabeth Brunt
- Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mark I Avigan
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Paul H Hayashi
- Division of Hepatology and Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - James H Lewis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Ruby Mehta
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Office of New Drugs, Office of Inflammation and Immunity, Division of Hepatology and Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Massimo Siciliano
- Fatebenefratelli Gemelli Isola - Rome, Sacred Heart Catholic Univesity, Rome, Italy
| | - Charles A McWherter
- Research and Development, CymaBay Therapeutics, Inc., Newark, California, USA
| | - Raj Vuppalanchi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Veronica Miller
- University of California Berkeley, School of Public Health, Forum for Collaborative Research, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Naga Chalasani
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Stravitz-Sanyal Institute for Liver Disease and Metabolic Health, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hurley L, Nezami BT, Valle CG, Tate DF. Motivated information avoidance in an mHealth weight loss intervention: Associations between unmet behavioral goals and likelihood of viewing program messages. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241287365. [PMID: 39439727 PMCID: PMC11494625 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241287365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Program engagement is positively associated with improved outcomes in mobile health (mHealth) interventions, but little is known about which factors may increase or decrease the likelihood of participants viewing program messages. This study examined the association between daily behavioral goal achievement and likelihood of reading daily messages, and if this relationship is moderated by baseline depressive symptoms in an mHealth weight loss intervention. Methods Data come from a 12-week microrandomized pilot mHealth weight management trial that tested the effects of daily messages on behavioral goals among 52 young adults (78.8% female, 61.5% white, ages 21-35). Conditional growth curve modeling was used to regress message viewing indicators onto the number of daily behavioral goals that participants had not met at the time of message receipt, with testing for moderation by depressive symptoms and controlling for covariates clustered within participants over time. Results For each additional goal not met at the time of message receipt, participants were 34.8% less likely to read any message sent (p < 0.0001), and this relationship did not appear to be related to depressive symptoms (p = 0.1). Conclusions Participants may tend to avoid reading program messages when they know they are not meeting goals in a program, possibly due to motivated information avoidance to prevent negative emotional reactions from anticipated negative feedback messages. Future interventions may want to consider ways to contact participants who may be struggling in programs and also avoiding viewing standard message pushes in order to reduce the risk of disengagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lex Hurley
- Department of Health Behavior, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brooke T Nezami
- Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carmina G Valle
- Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Deborah F Tate
- Department of Health Behavior, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dominik Güss C, Boyd L, Perniciaro K, Free DC, Free J, Teresa Tuason M. The politics of COVID-19: Differences between U.S. red and blue states in COVID-19 regulations and deaths. HEALTH POLICY OPEN 2023; 5:100107. [PMID: 38034472 PMCID: PMC10684792 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The study investigated infection variables and control strategies in 2020 and 2021 and their influence on COVID-19 deaths in the United States, with a particular focus on comparing red (Republican) and blue (Democratic) states. The analysis reviewed cumulative COVID-19 deaths per 100,000 by year, state political affiliation, and a priori latent factor groupings of mitigation strategies (lockdown days in 2020, mask mandate days, vaccination rates), social demographic variables (ethnicity, poverty rate), and biological variables (median age, obesity). Analyses first identified possible relationships between all assessed variables using K-means clustering for red, blue, and purple states. Then, a series of regression models were fit to assess the effects of mitigation strategies, social, and biological factors specifically on COVID-19 deaths in red and blue states. Results showed distinct differences in responding to COVID infections between red states to blue states, particularly the red states lessor adoption of mitigation factors leaving more sway on biological factors in predicting deaths. Whereas in blue states, where mitigation factors were more readily implemented, vaccinations had a more significant influence in reducing the probability of infections ending in death. Overall, study findings suggest politicalization of COVID-19 mitigation strategies played a role in death rates across the United States.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Dominik Güss
- Department of Psychology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Lauren Boyd
- Department of Psychology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Kelly Perniciaro
- Department of Public Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Danielle C. Free
- Department of Public Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - J.R. Free
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Ma. Teresa Tuason
- Department of Public Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bernhart JA, Quattlebaum M, Eustis S, Okpara N, Wilson MJ, Sentman C, Turner-McGrievy GM. "It's Gonna Be Okay"-A Qualitative Exploration of the COVID-19 Pandemic's Effects on African American Participants During a Dietary Intervention Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:1763-1771. [PMID: 37437808 PMCID: PMC10789910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND African American adults are at increased risk for chronic diseases. Limited research exists regarding how the COVID-19 pandemic affected African American adults in behavioral interventions. OBJECTIVE This study assessed how the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, before vaccine availability and widespread testing, affected stress, nutrition, and exercise behaviors of African American adults participating in a dietary intervention study. DESIGN This was a qualitative interview study conducted with participants from both diet groups as part of the ongoing Nutritious Eating with Soul (NEW Soul) study. NEW Soul is a 2-year, randomized dietary intervention study with participants randomized to follow a vegan (intervention) or low-fat omnivorous diet (control), with both diets focused on soul food. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants (n = 20) came from 2 cohorts of the larger intervention study in South Carolina and were purposefully recruited based on high and low attendance at intervention sessions. Participants in the first cohort were near the end of the intervention, and participants in the second cohort were near the mid-point. The interviews were conducted from June to July 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes included participants' experiences related to stress, nutrition, and exercise behaviors during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. ANALYSIS Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Interview transcripts were coded by two coders using NVivo software. Interviews were coded through content analysis using a constant comparative method. RESULTS Participants discussed the following 3 themes in relation to health behaviors: increased stress, change in routines, and advice to follow health goals. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide perspectives for designing interventions for African American adults establishing new routines to overcome setbacks and changes in routines created by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A Bernhart
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.
| | - Mary Quattlebaum
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Sarah Eustis
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nkechi Okpara
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Mary J Wilson
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Claudia Sentman
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Gabrielle M Turner-McGrievy
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Nzesi A, Owusu B, Barry J, Sandhu M, Geliebter A. Impact of a randomized controlled trial of discounts on fruits, vegetables, and noncaloric beverages in NYC supermarkets on food intake and health risk factors. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291770. [PMID: 37992046 PMCID: PMC10664931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to observe the effects of a multi-level (30%, 15%, and 0%) randomized discount on fruits, vegetables, and non-caloric beverages on changes in dietary intake. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) comprised an 8-week baseline, a 32-week intervention, and a 16-week follow-up. 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted during the baseline period and before the intervention midpoint. In-person clinical measures were analyzed from Week 8 (end of baseline) and 24 (midpoint). This report is from an interim analysis up to the intervention period midpoint at Week 24, as the study is still ongoing. Participants with BMIs of 24.5-50 kg/m2 and ages 18-70 years old who were the primary household shoppers were recruited from several New York City supermarkets, starting in September 2018. Of these, we analyzed 20 in the 30% discount group, 25 in the 15% discount group, and 19 in the 0% discount group. The 30% discount group reported greater intake of vegetables (+98.4 g ± 48.9 SD, P = 0.049) and diet soda (+63.3 g ± 29.3, P = 0.035) relative to the baseline period, compared to the 0% discount group. The clinical measures including body weight remained unchanged. The participants who experienced the COVID-19 pandemic had a marginal increase in body weight of 1.5 kg, P = 0.053. In conclusion, we observed a significant increase in intake of vegetables and diet soda in the 30% discount group relative to the 0% discount group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aniema Nzesi
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Benedicta Owusu
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jillian Barry
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Manveer Sandhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Allan Geliebter
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Vilarello BJ, Jacobson PT, Tervo JP, Gallagher LW, Caruana FF, Gary JB, Saak TM, Gudis DA, Joseph PV, Goldberg TE, Devanand D, Overdevest JB. BMI Increases in Individuals with COVID-19-Associated Olfactory Dysfunction. Nutrients 2023; 15:4538. [PMID: 37960191 PMCID: PMC10648323 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Reports suggest COVID-19-associated olfactory dysfunction (OD) may result in alterations in dietary behaviors and perceived weight change, but few studies using psychophysical evaluation of post-COVID-19-associated chemosensory dysfunction and body mass index (BMI) exist. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of both quantitative and qualitative features of COVID-19-associated OD on BMI; (2) Methods: Recruitment of thirty-one participants with self-reported OD in the form of quantitative loss with and without qualitative features. Surveys with questions specific to qualitative olfactory function, Sniffin' Sticks tests, and BMI measures were completed at two visits, one year apart. Group differences were assessed with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and the Holm-Bonferroni method; (3) Results: Individuals with persistent quantitative OD (n = 15) and self-reported parosmia (n = 19) showed statistically significant increases in BMI after 1 year (p = 0.004, adjusted α = 0.0125; p = 0.011, adjusted α = 0.0167). Controls with transient quantitative OD (n = 16) and participants without self-reported parosmia (n = 12) showed no statistically significant changes in BMI over the same time period (p = 0.079, adjusted α = 0.05; p = 0.028, adjusted α = 0.025); (4) Conclusions: This study shows an association between COVID-19-associated OD and BMI, suggesting olfaction may play a role in altering dietary habits and nutrition in this population. Larger study cohorts are needed to further evaluate this relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J. Vilarello
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Patricia T. Jacobson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jeremy P. Tervo
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Liam W. Gallagher
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Francesco F. Caruana
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joseph B. Gary
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tiana M. Saak
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - David A. Gudis
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Paule V. Joseph
- National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism & National Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Terry E. Goldberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - D.P. Devanand
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jonathan B. Overdevest
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kim SH, Arora I, Hsia DS, Knowler WC, LeBlanc E, Mylonakis E, Pratley R, Pittas AG. New-Onset Diabetes After COVID-19. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e1164-e1174. [PMID: 37207448 PMCID: PMC11009784 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence suggesting that infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to several long-term sequelae including diabetes. This mini-review examines the rapidly evolving and conflicting literature on new-onset diabetes after COVID-19, which we term NODAC. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, and medRxiv from inception until December 1, 2022, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and free text words including "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2," "diabetes," "hyperglycemia," "insulin resistance," and "pancreatic β-cell." We also supplemented searches by examining reference lists from retrieved articles. Current evidence suggests that COVID-19 increases the risk of developing diabetes, but the attributable risk is uncertain because of limitations of study designs and the evolving nature of the pandemic, including new variants, widespread population exposure to the virus, diagnostic options for COVID-19, and vaccination status. The etiology of diabetes after COVID-19 is likely multifactorial and includes factors associated with host characteristics (eg, age), social determinants of health (eg, deprivation index), and pandemic-related effects both at the personal (eg, psychosocial stress) and the societal-community level (eg, containment measures). COVID-19 may have direct and indirect effects on pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity related to the acute infection and its treatment (eg, glucocorticoids); autoimmunity; persistent viral residency in multiple organs including adipose tissue; endothelial dysfunction; and hyperinflammatory state. While our understanding of NODAC continues to evolve, consideration should be given for diabetes to be classified as a post-COVID syndrome, in addition to traditional classifications of diabetes (eg, type 1 or type 2), so that the pathophysiology, natural history, and optimal management can be studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun H Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ipsa Arora
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Daniel S Hsia
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Erin LeBlanc
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, OR 97227, USA
| | | | - Richard Pratley
- AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Anastassios G Pittas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Petkevičienė J, Raskilienė A, Grincaitė M, Kriaučionienė V. Social Disparities in Lifestyle and Body Weight Changes during COVID-19 Quarantine and Post-Quarantine Persistence of Changes among Lithuanian Adult Population. Nutrients 2023; 15:4254. [PMID: 37836539 PMCID: PMC10574376 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of social factors on changes in lifestyle habits during the COVID-19 quarantine and their maintenance post-quarantine is underexamined. This study aimed to assess sociodemographic differences in nutrition, physical activity and body weight changes during the quarantine and their persistence post quarantine. The study included a random sample of Lithuanian residents aged 20 to 64. The questionnaires were filled in during the face-to-face interview within households countrywide in 2023. In total, 1500 individuals (742 men and 758 women) participated in the survey. Up to 34.9% of the respondents reported changes in eating habits, mostly increased consumption, 29.5% indicated reduced physical activity, and 22.7% gained weight. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that highly educated individuals were more likely than poorly educated individuals to increase healthy and decrease unhealthy food consumption and increase physical activity during the quarantine. The city inhabitants reported unfavourable changes in nutrition habits more often than those living in villages did. The proportion of respondents who reported the maintenance of the quarantine changes in lifestyle depending on the habit varied from 23.2% to 71.4% in the post-quarantine period. Highly educated individuals were less likely to maintain the decreased consumption of fresh fruits and increased body weight than less-educated individuals were. Our study provides evidence that the targeted interventions are needed to help less-educated individuals and city residents develop and maintain healthy lifestyle habits, even in times of crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janina Petkevičienė
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Asta Raskilienė
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Biology Systems and Genetic Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Monika Grincaitė
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Kriaučionienė
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Siegel R, Khoury P, Spooner SA, Stackpole K, Allen N, Kirk S, Kharofa R. Body Mass Index Increased at a Large Midwestern Children's Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Child Obes 2023; 19:364-372. [PMID: 36125362 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a great challenge to children and their families with stay-at-home orders, school closures, decreased exercise opportunities, stress, and potential overeating with home confinement. Our study describes the body mass index (BMI) changes over an entire decade, including a year of the COVID-19 pandemic at a large children's hospital. Methods: With our retrospective observational study, data were extracted from Cincinnati Children's Hospital's Epic electronic medical record, a free-standing children's hospital with 670 inpatient beds and >1.2 million patient encounters per year. Children aged 19 years and under with at least one height and weight were included in the analysis. Results: In all, 2,344,391 encounters were analyzed with 712,945 visits in years 2018-2021. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was relatively stable with a gradual rise from 35% to 36.4% from 2011 to 2020. However, the year of the COVID-19 stay at home and restrictions (2020-2021) showed an increase in overweight/obesity to 39.7% (8.3% increase), with the greatest increase in those with Class 3 obesity from 3.0% to 3.8%. When viewing the change in BMI percentile during the pandemic year compared with the 2 years prior, there was a significantly increasing trend (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Children attending a large children's hospital showed an increase in overweight/obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic. These data suggest greater efforts are needed to reverse the increase in weight status from the COVID-19 pandemic as obesity is a risk factor for poor outcomes with COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Siegel
- Department of Pediatrics, The Center for Better Health and Nutrition, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Philip Khoury
- Department of Pediatrics, The Center for Better Health and Nutrition, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - S Andrew Spooner
- Department of Pediatrics, The Center for Better Health and Nutrition, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kristin Stackpole
- Department of Pediatrics, The Center for Better Health and Nutrition, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nichole Allen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Center for Better Health and Nutrition, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Shelley Kirk
- Department of Pediatrics, The Center for Better Health and Nutrition, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Roohi Kharofa
- Department of Pediatrics, The Center for Better Health and Nutrition, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ederer DJ, Lee SH, Belay B, Boutelle K, Park S. Associations between comfort eating and weight change during the COVID-19 pandemic among U.S. adults. HUMAN NUTRITION & METABOLISM 2023; 33:10.1016/j.hnm.2023.200212. [PMID: 38618183 PMCID: PMC11010443 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2023.200212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Objective To examine associations between comfort eating in response to loneliness or stress and weight change during the COVID-19 pandemic among U.S. adults. Design Quantitative, cross-sectional study. Setting The 2021 SummerStyles survey data. Subjects U.S. adults (≥18 years; N = 4068). Measures The outcome was reported weight changes since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic with four responses: lost weight, weight remained the same, gained weight, and don't know. The exposure variable was frequency of comfort eating in response to loneliness or stress during the past year with three responses: never/ rarely, sometimes, or often/always. Analysis We used chi-square analysis to examine the independence of survey variables related to weight changes, and comfort eating in response to loneliness or stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Next, we used a multinomial logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios for weight changes by comfort eating in response to loneliness or stress frequency. Results Overall, 20.1% of adults reported losing weight, 39.9% remained about the same weight, 30.4% gained weight, and 9.4% did not know about their weight change during the COVID-19 pandemic. Taking comfort by eating in response to loneliness or stress was reported by over 33% of participants (often/always = 8.3%; sometimes = 25.3%). Weight change and comfort eating during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly varied by sociodemographic factors. Respondents that sometimes or often/always reported taking comfort by eating in response to loneliness or stress were more likely to report losing weight (Adjusted Odds Ratio ranges: 1.62-2.99) or gaining weight (Adjusted Odds Ratio ranges: 3.10-4.61) than those who never/rarely took comfort by eating in response to loneliness or stress. Conclusions Taking comfort by eating when stressed/lonely was significantly associated with reported weight changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Weight changes may lead to additional health complications. Implementing evidence-based strategies to reduce loneliness or stress and support healthy eating during the COVID-19 pandemic may benefit weight management and future well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Ederer
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, USA
| | - Seung Hee Lee
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Brook Belay
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Kerri Boutelle
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sohyun Park
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jeong JE, Park HK, Hwang HS, Park KY, Lee MH, Shin SH, Choi N. Body mass index and prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Korean adults before and after the COVID-19 outbreak: a retrospective longitudinal study. Epidemiol Health 2023; 45:e2023081. [PMID: 37654163 PMCID: PMC10728615 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2023081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Studies evaluating weight changes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have yielded inconsistent results, and most of those studies were based on self-reported anthropometric measures. We investigated changes in body mass index (BMI), professionally measured waist circumference (WC), and metabolic syndrome components from before to during the pandemic in a sample of the adult population in Korea. METHODS This retrospective study included 1,118 male and female (age≥18 years) who underwent health checkups at a university medical center between January 1, 2016 and March 31, 2022. Changes in BMI, lifestyles, and metabolic syndrome components during the pandemic were analyzed using the paired t-test, McNemar test, generalized estimating equations, and repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS Changes in body weight, BMI, and body fat percentage during the pandemic were not clinically significant. However, statistically significant results were found for decreased physical activity (p<0.001) and WC (p<0.001), and exacerbation of all metabolic syndrome components (except serum triglyceride levels). Moreover, the metabolic syndrome prevalence increased significantly from 20.2% to 31.2% during the pandemic (p<0.001). The prevalence of abdominal obesity and high fasting blood glucose levels also significantly increased from 2019 to 2021. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic syndrome, its components, and fat distribution worsened significantly after the implementation of social distancing and lockdowns, despite no clinically significant changes in body weight and BMI. Further studies on the post- pandemic period should investigate the long-term impact of social lockdowns on BMI and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Eun Jeong
- Department of Family Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seongdong-gu, Korea
| | - Hoon-Ki Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seongdong-gu, Korea
| | - Hwan-Sik Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seongdong-gu, Korea
| | - Kye-Yeung Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seongdong-gu, Korea
| | - Myoung-Hye Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seongdong-gu, Korea
| | - Seon-Hi Shin
- Biostatistical Consulting and Research Lab, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nayeon Choi
- Biostatistical Consulting and Research Lab, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wuerdeman M, Banaag A, Janvrin ML, Koehlmoos TP. A cohort study of BMI changes among U.S. Army soldiers during the COVID-19 Pandemic. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1547. [PMID: 37580660 PMCID: PMC10426164 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16460-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing number of individuals with obesity is a healthcare concern in the United States (U.S.) population; the men and women who serve in the Army are no exception, with 17.3% of soldiers categorized with a body mass index (BMI) of Obesity in 2017. The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly disrupted life around the globe. During the pandemic, restrictions to soldier movement and activity were put in place to limit COVID-19 transmission. We strive to assess what effects these changes may have had on the BMIs of soldiers. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of active duty U.S. Army soldiers using data from the Military Health System Data Repository. BMI was calculated and categorized before (February 2019 - January 2020) and during the pandemic (September 2020 - June 2021). Women who were pregnant or delivered during and one year prior to the study periods were excluded. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests evaluating mean BMI, percent change, and the Stuart-Maxwell test for marginal homogeneity. RESULTS 191,894 soldiers were included in the cohort. During the pandemic, 50.5% of soldiers in the cohort were classified as Overweight and 23.2% were classified as Obesity. T-test and Stuart-Maxwell test indicated significant differences and changes in BMI categories between the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, particularly the Obesity category, which experienced a 5% growth and 27% change. Significant absolute changes were observed during the pandemic; 26.7% of soldiers classified as Healthy weight in the pre-pandemic period shifted to Overweight in the pandemic period and 15.6% shifted from Overweight in the pre-pandemic period to Obesity in the pandemic period. Absolute increases were observed across every demographic category in soldiers with obesity; the categories that saw the highest increases were female, ages 20-24, White, and Junior Enlisted soldiers. CONCLUSIONS Higher rates of obesity may result in decreased health of the force. The specific needs of younger and Junior Enlisted soldiers need to be further addressed, with focus on special intervention programs by the U.S. Army.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Wuerdeman
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Amanda Banaag
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., 6720 A Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Miranda Lynn Janvrin
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., 6720 A Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
| | - Tracey Pérez Koehlmoos
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zemlin C, Schleicher JT, Altmayer L, Stuhlert C, Wörmann C, Lang M, Scherer LS, Thul IC, Spenner LS, Simon JA, Wind A, Kaiser E, Weber R, Goedicke-Fritz S, Wagenpfeil G, Zemlin M, Steffgen G, Solomayer EF, Müller C. Improved awareness of physical activities is associated with a gain of fitness and a stable body weight in breast cancer patients during the first year of antineoplastic therapy: the BEGYN-1 study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1198157. [PMID: 37637039 PMCID: PMC10456044 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1198157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women. Reduced physical activity and overweight are associated with poor prognosis. Breast cancer patients have a high risk to gain weight, lose muscle mass and reduce physical activity during therapy. Concepts are urgently needed to motivate patients to engage in physical activity. Methods 110 non-metastatic breast cancer patients were included in the prospective observational BEGYN-1 study. Physiological parameters and body composition were measured before the start of therapy and then quarterly for one year. Patients used a fitness tracker and documented their physical activity in a diary throughout the study. Results Although the patients were not offered any guided exercise, and despite the restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, they increased their physical activity (metabolic equivalent of task (MET) -minutes): p<0.001), physical fitness (decreasing resting heart rate: p=0.001) and did not gain weight (median - 0.4kg) over the course of the study. Conclusion Improved awareness of physical activity is associated with an increase in physical activity, fitness, and a stable weight during the first year of therapy in breast cancer patients. Counselling at diagnosis should motivate patients to engage in physical activity, wear a fitness tracker and document activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cosima Zemlin
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Julia Theresa Schleicher
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Laura Altmayer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Caroline Stuhlert
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Carolin Wörmann
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Marina Lang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Laura-Sophie Scherer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Ida Clara Thul
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Lisanne Sophie Spenner
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Jana Alisa Simon
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Alina Wind
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaiser
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Regine Weber
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Sybelle Goedicke-Fritz
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Gudrun Wagenpfeil
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics (IMBEI), Saarland University Campus Homburg, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Michael Zemlin
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Georges Steffgen
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Erich-Franz Solomayer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Carolin Müller
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
- Department of Outcomes Research, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wong R, Lam E, Bramante CT, Johnson SG, Reusch J, Wilkins KJ, Yeh HC. Does COVID-19 Infection Increase the Risk of Diabetes? Current Evidence. Curr Diab Rep 2023; 23:207-216. [PMID: 37284921 PMCID: PMC10244847 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-023-01515-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Multiple studies report an increased incidence of diabetes following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the potential increased global burden of diabetes, understanding the effect of SARS-CoV-2 in the epidemiology of diabetes is important. Our aim was to review the evidence pertaining to the risk of incident diabetes after COVID-19 infection. RECENT FINDINGS Incident diabetes risk increased by approximately 60% compared to patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection. Risk also increased compared to non-COVID-19 respiratory infections, suggesting SARS-CoV-2-mediated mechanisms rather than general morbidity after respiratory illness. Evidence is mixed regarding the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and T1D. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an elevated risk of T2D, but it is unclear whether the incident diabetes is persistent over time or differs in severity over time. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes. Future studies should evaluate vaccination, viral variant, and patient- and treatment-related factors that influence risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA
- Health Science Center, Stony Brook Medical Center, Level 3, Room 45101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - Emily Lam
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Carolyn T. Bramante
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Steven G. Johnson
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Jane Reusch
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Kenneth J. Wilkins
- Biostatistics Program/Office of Clinical Research Support, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Hsin-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bezzina A, Ashton L, Watson T, James CL. Healthy Eating in the Australian Coal Mining Industry: Assessing the Efficacy of the 'Out of the Box' Workplace Health Promotion Program. Nutrients 2023; 15:3254. [PMID: 37513672 PMCID: PMC10384585 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases are the world's leading cause of death. To curb the global rise in these diseases, using the workplace as a front to disseminate health communication messages and resources has been suggested. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a workplace health promotion program, 'Out of the Box', that targeted nutrition outcomes and nutrition guideline knowledge. A 6-month workplace health promotion program was implemented within a coal mine site. Over the 6 months, there were four wellness focus areas, lasting 1 month each, including fruits, vegetables and portion controlling, label reading, alcohol awareness, and hydration promotion. The study utilized a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design, with measurements via self-reported paper-based surveys. At baseline there were 163 responses, and 106 at follow-up. At the 6-month follow-up, respondents had increased odds of recalling the current fruit (OR 1.29, p = 0.032) and vegetable (OR 1.76, p < 0.001) guidelines. Being male was associated with lower vegetable intake (B: -0.28), although this did not reach statistical significance. A nutrition-focused workplace health promotion program can be an efficacious strategy in improving knowledge of fruit and vegetable guidelines. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these programs over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Bezzina
- Centre for Resources Health and Safety, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Lee Ashton
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Trent Watson
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Ethos Health, Newcastle West, NSW 2302, Australia
| | - Carole L James
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Burrell C. A quasi-experimental study on adult weight loss using a multidimensional approach among a rural population. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121231187746. [PMID: 37492649 PMCID: PMC10363867 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231187746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a yearlong digital multidimensional weight-loss intervention among residents in a southern rural community. The intervention utilized a quasi-experimental design to assess weight loss and lifestyle habit changes in volunteer individuals living in a rural community in western North Carolina. Methods The quasi-experimental design featured pre- and post-in-person health assessments, including anthropometric measures such as body composition, blood pressure, and lifestyle habits, through a health risk questionnaire. Upon completion of the in-person pre-assessment, participants received digital health education and challenges via email and challenge runner for 1 year. Following 12 months, participants were asked to complete the post-assessment to review their results. The multidimensional weight-loss intervention was communicated via newspaper and social media to promote participation among community members, utilizing a volunteer sample. Univariate analyses were conducted to determine age, weight, BMI, and body fat percentage. A paired sample t-test was conducted on pre- and post-weight as well as pre- and post-health scores. The health score was derived from the health risk questionnaire. A bivariate Pearson correlation was conducted for post-weight and post-health score analyses. Results The average participant was female in their mid-40s (N = 67). Results showed insignificant statistical mean differences between pre- and post-weight and pre- and post-health scores. A Pearson correlation indicated a moderate correlation r = -0.36, p = 0.003) between post-weight and post-health score. The negative correlation indicates changes in health behavior reflected in the health score improving as weight decreased. Conclusion The weight-loss intervention proved unsuccessful in clinical weight loss but demonstrated an association between healthy behavior changes and weight loss. However, further research is needed to solidify the current findings, as there were limitations identified in COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Burrell
- Chelsea Burrell, School of Health Sciences, Western Carolina University, 4121 Little Savannah Road, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic that has worsened over the past few decades. It is strongly associated with multiple health conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, obstructive sleep apnoea, certain malignancies and has an increased mortality risk. The annual cost of obesity to the NHS is around £6 billion, projected to increase to just under £10 billion by 2050. In 2020-2021, obesity was cited as a factor in over 1 million hospital admissions. An early and pragmatic approach to the management of obesity would reduce obesity-associated multiple health conditions and result in cost savings for the NHS. Here, we discuss current management strategies for obesity, including dietary intervention, pharmacological therapies and optimisation, and bariatric surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheena Gupta
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Mimi Chen
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|